Periodic Trends on the Periodic Table

Periodic Trends on the Periodic Table Answer the following questions on a paper with your name, date, and period. Use a laptop (NOT AN IPAD) to follow the links to answer the questions.

Part I: Categories of Elements on the Periodic Table Objective: To discover the important sections of elements on the periodic table. Lesson: Go to the Chem4Kids website (http://www.chem4kids.com/files/elem_pertable.html) and follow the links on the right side to answer the questions on your paper.

A. Periodic Table: What is a group? What is a period? B. Families: How are elements grouped into families? C. Metals: Approximately what % of elements do metals make up? What are the characteristics of metals? (4 of them) D. Alkali metals: Who's in? Who's out? What are some properties of the alkali metals? E. Lanthanide/Acinide Series: Under "Meet the Family", what is unique about the actinide series? F. Halogens: How many electrons do halogens have in their valence energy levels? What do halogens like to react with? G. Inert gases (noble gases): Why are they “happy”?

Part II: Some Trends on the Periodic Table Objective: To discover the periodic trends of certain physical properties of elements related to their position on the Periodic Table of Elements. Lesson: Use data from Webelements to answer the following questions.

A. Atomic Radius http://www.webelements.com/periodicity/atomic_radius/ 1) Go to Webelements and define atomic radius in your own words. Click on the following links to view the atoms differently. You may need to use the backspace to go back & forth. -Line Graph (located at the upper left of the page) -Ball Chart (located at the bottom of the data table) -Thermometer (located at the bottom of the data table) 2) What do the different colors show? 3) What appears to be the trend in atomic radius as you move from left to right in a row? 4) What appears to be the trend in atomic radius as you move from top to bottom in a column? 5) Is the pattern of atomic radius absolute or general (always true or generally true)? 6) Why do the fourth and fifth periods have more dots and different patterns?

B. First Ionization Energy http://www.webelements.com/periodicity/ionisation_energy_1/ 7) Go to Webelements and define first ionization energy in your own words: Click on the following links to view the atoms differently. You may need to use the backspace to go back & forth. -Line Graph (located at the upper left of the page) -Ball Chart (located at the bottom of the data table) -Thermometer (located at the bottom of the data table) 8) What appears to be the trend in ionization energy as you move from left to right in a row? 9) What appears to be the trend in ionization energy as you move from top to bottom in a column? 10) Is the pattern in ionization energy absolute or general (always true or generally true)?

C. Electronegativity http://www.webelements.com/periodicity/electronegativity_pauling/ 11) Go to Webelements and define electronegativity in your own words: Click on the following links to view the atoms differently. You may need to use the backspace to go back & forth. -Line Graph (located at the upper left of the page) -Ball Chart (located at the bottom of the data table) -Thermometer (located at the bottom of the data table) 12) What is the most electronegative element? 13) Where is it found on the periodic table? 14) Where are the least electronegative elements found? 15) What appears to be the trend in electronegativity as you move from left to right in a row? 16) What appears to be the trend in electronegativity as you move from top to bottom in a column? 17) Is the pattern in electronegativity absolute or general (always true or generally true)?

D. Electron Affinity http://www.webelements.com/periodicity/electron_affinity/graph.html 18) Go to Webelements and define electron affinity in your own words: Click on the following links to view the atoms differently. You may need to use the backspace to go back & forth. -Line Graph (located at the upper left of the page) -Ball Chart (located at the bottom of the data table) -Thermometer (located at the bottom of the data table) 19) What appears to be the trend in electron affinity as you move from left to right in a row? 20) What appears to be the trend in electron affinity as you move from top to bottom in a column? 21) Is the pattern in electron affinity absolute or general (always true or generally true)?

E. Periodicity 22) How do these properties show periodicity (periodic trends) of the chemical elements? That is, as the atomic number increases, when to the trends repeat?

F. Evaluating Resources 23) Which type of representation, line graph or shaded periodic table, did you find most useful for seeing the periodicity in these properties? Explain. 24) Which type of representation, Line Graph, Ball Chart, or Thermometer did you find most useful for seeing the general patterns without getting confused by exceptions in that pattern? Explain.