Auspicious Incident – Packet 5 Questions by Ezequiel Berdichevsky, Paul Litvak, Matt Lafer, Ben Heller

Tossups

1.At first it was given peacefully, but after Hera descended to spread lies about an invasion it was procured by force. Soon Asteria lay dead and Melannipe was captured and exchanged for this gift from Ares. Desired by Admeta, in an alternate version of the tale its namesake is crushed to death and the hero quickly escapes by boat, whereupon returning to Eurystheus’ court he is sent out to capture the blue oxen of Geryon. FTP identify this object of Heracles’ 9th labor: the waistbelt of an Amazonian queen. Answer: girdle of Hippolyta

2.He was the first to accurately measure electricity, in 1850, and described a means of enhancing the efficiency of an induction coil by using a condenser. With his most famous collaborator, he worked to improve the daguerreotype method of photography, and discovered that heat rays emanating from the sun underwent interference, and that these rays exhibit wave-like motion. Performing his most famous experiment with a mirror, the accuracy was within one-thousandth of the correct value. FTP, name this physicist who, with Jean-Baptiste Foucault, presaged the Michelson-Morley experiment and made one of the most accurate early measurements of the speed of light with his namesake wheel. Answer: Armand-Hippolyte-Louis Fizeau

3.For a period in the 14th-century they distributed 300,000 squirrel pelts a year in England. Their base in London, known as The Steelyard, was repeatedly demolished in riots before finally being abandoned in 1649. The threat posed by joint action against them by German princes led to the "Tohopesate" in 1443, a three-year defensive alliance against internal and external threats and highway robbery. Their fourteenth- century conflict with King Waldemar IV of Denmark stressed the union, but left them with a firmer control over trade in the Baltic. For 10 points, name this trading organization of Northern European cities like Hamburg and Lubeck. Answer: Hanseatic League or Hansa

4.While the protagonist is sedated, he says he experiences his consciousness as “white smoke.” The novel features the story of the Sunman overcoming the Gambler, Kaup’a’ta. In the end, Harley and Leroy die in a traffic accident, while Emo kills Pinkie while fooling around with a rifle. At one point, the title character confuses the death of his Uncle Josiah with a Japanese casualty. The novel is framed by the words of the Thought Woman, and flashes back between Japan and the town of Gallup, where the protagonist goes to visit Betonie, who describes the mystical tale of chasing cattle. While staying with Auntie, the protagonist is able to learn from Betonie and come to grips with the war and reconnect with the title event. FTP, identify this novel about Tayo who heals through his Laguna roots, written by Leslie Marmon Silko. Answer: Ceremony

5.Created as a 1939 commission for the staircase of the new building of the Museum of Modern Art in New York it is primarily composed of aluminum and painted steel. One of the title objects is smaller than the other and is colored bright yellow with black and orange stripes, seemingly beckoning the skeletal figure on the bottom, made up of nine black metal pieces, to enter the other title object which is composed of twisted wire. These three constructions are connected by metal rings and rods allowing them freedom of movement via air currents in, FTP, what famous sculpture with an ocean theme, a large mobile by Alexander Calder. Answer: Lobster Trap and Fish Tail

6.Chemicals stored in them include chondroitin sulfate and heparin, which are anticoagulants, several chemotactic factors, as well as proteolytic enzymes which can destroy tissue and cleave complement components. Recent studies in mice have shown that they secrete Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha, which stimulatesd neutrophils to the site of a bacterial infection. Found in abnormal numbers in sufferers of Crohn’s disease, they are similar to basophils in composition but unlike basophils are not mobile. FTP, identify these specialized cells found in tissues which release histamine during an allergic reaction. Answer: mast cells 7.He and his companion Levi Pettibone undertook a trip to see Stephen Austin’s father, Moses, in 1818, but stopped at Potosi. This expedition through the Ozarks led to the publication of A View of the Lead Mines of Missouri. Two years later he accompanied Lewis Cass to Lake Superior, and subsequently concluded a treaty that ceded much of Northern Michigan to the U.S. His continued contact with the Ojibwa would produce a family as well as a series of studies including Onenonta, or The Red Race of America and The American Indians. Also famous for his expedition to Lake Itasca, FTP, identify this writer of Algic Researches, the basis of Longfellow’s Song of Hiawatha, best known as the discoverer of the Mississippi’s source. Answer: Henry Rowe Schoolcraft

8.After Ferral finds out that Valerie is having an affair with an Englishman, he releases forty birds and a kangaroo in her hotel room. Two overlaid records are used as an encryption device by the German Hemmelrich. Baron de Clappique reports that the Shantung had moved, and he must later disguise himself to flee back to France. May goes to Moscow to practice medicine, while Gisor returns to Japan to teach painting. Katov is executed, Kyo commits suicide, while Ch’en dies trying to assassinate Chiang Kai-shek. FTP, identify this novel about the Communist revolution in China, written by Andre Malraux. Answer: Man’s Fate

9.The magnitude of this effect is inversely proportional to the parameter known as the Rossby number, the ratio of the inertial motion to rotational motion. For cyclostrophic flow it as defined as being equal to zero. The Navier-Stokes equations can be modified to account for it by adding a parameter f which is proportional to the angular velocity and the latitude. It can be seen directly in the uneven erosion of railroad tracks and river beds, and in the spiraling of air from high pressure zones to low pressure zones. FTP, identify this fictitious force exerted on a fast-moving body moving in a non-inertial reference frame. Answer: Coriolis effect

10.Stemming from the Messina conference the special delegates who signed it included Lambert Schaus of Luxembourg and Linthorst Homan of the Netherlands. Article 128 declared the group’s intent to encourage the development of the arts. Articles 39 to 46 established a unified market for Agricultural goods, while articles 9 through 37 dealt with the free movement of goods within the community and the creation of a standard tariff to protect industry within Europe. Signed by England in 1973, it was ratified by Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, Italy, and France on March 25, 1957. For 10 points, name this treaty signed in an Italian city that created the European Economic Community. Answer: Treaty of Rome

11.This work posits a circle of non-being in its discussion of imagination. “The Great Fear,” analyzes the European reaction to a famous work by Diderot. The analysis begins in “Stultifera Navis,” with the discussion of the end of leprosy in Europe and the Ship of Fools. Central to the work is the juxtaposition of Cartesian skepticism with the rise of one of the titular concepts, an idea which sparked a famous argument with Jacques Derrida. The author also uses Antoine Artaud, Don Quixoite, and King Lear as examples in the work. Other chapters include, “The Great Confinement” ,and “Passion and Delirium.” FTP, identify this work about the role of insanity in Western society, written by Michel Foucault. Answer: Madness and Civilization

12.He became an opponent of dueling after wounding a friend during his time as an army captain, a sentiment expressed in The Christian Hero, other works include The Funeral, The Lying Lover, and his letters to Prue. He was expelled from Congress after he argued for the Hanoverian succession in his pamphlet The Crisis, and his time as governor of Drury Lane Theater saw the production of his own works like The Tender Husband and The Conscious Lovers. But it was his denunciation of Sunderland’s Peerage Bill that would destroy one of the most famed literary partnerships in history. FTP identify this man who wrote under the pseudonym Isaac Bickerstaff and shared top billing on The Tatler and The Spectator with Joseph Addison. Answer: Richard Steele 13.In 1332, they were attacked by Tzaga Chrisus, by order of Emperor Amda Siyon. Their strongholds were in the Semyen Mountains and their center of their worship is the masjid. Their name is Amharic for “landless ones.” Their prayer book is written in the language Ge’ez. One story of their origin is the Eldad ha-Dani, which maintains they came as a result of the rift between Jeroboam and Rehoboam. Another theory states that they were prisoners of war from Ptolemy I. The most famous legend about their origin is that they are descended from Solomon and the Queen of Sheba. FTP, identify this group, brought to Israel by Operation Moses, the Jews from Ethiopia. Answer: falashas

14.Section 39 of this 42 section work discusses the significance of the number 9 as its subject, while section 25 defends Love as if it were a bodily substance. Observing the body of a woman who died, the poet writes of death, “Brute death, the enemy of tenderness, Timeless mother of grief.” This work is framed by a vision of the subject with Love, naked save for “a scanty, crimson cloth.” The first part of it was sent to Guido Cavalcanti, the friend of the author, whose own sonnets are quoted at the start. FTP, identify this series of canzones about Beatrice, written by Dante. Answer: La Vita Nuova also accept The New Life

15.A master of the harpsichord, many of his 65 keyboard works are indebted to Couperin and are compiled into his four books. His varied output includes the ballets Anacreon and Pygmalion, and he first made his name in music circles with his ideas about inversion and progression, which he sketched out in the influential Treatise on Harmony. But he was most famous for introducing more vivid emotion into operas like Hippolyte et Aricie, Zoroastre, and Dardanus, works that rejected Lully’s ideas. FTP identify this composer best known for the works Castor et Pollux and Les Indes Gallantes, whose nephew is a main character in a novel by Denis Diderot. Answer: Jean Phillipe Rameau

16.Accompanied by his chief advisor Archbishop Hincmar, this man seized his nephew’s kingdom of Lorraine, which was subsequently divided at the Treaty of Meersen. His birthright violated the Ordinatio Imperii , though pretenders like Pippin would not affect his rise too much. Though he was defeated at Andernach and would be challenged by Carloman, he had earlier won at Fontenoy at which point he swore an Oath at Strasbourg with Louis the German. One year later he and Louis made Lothair I sign the Treaty of Verdun by which he received all Western lands. Crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope John VIII in 876, FTP, identify this son of Judith and Louis the Pious. Answer: Charles II or Charles the Bald

17.In this work, the author differentiates between R type people, those who save their money, and S type, the people who make money on speculation. The author also differentiates between residues and derivations: the former are hard-wired sentiments, while the latter are reasons given for the appearance of rationality. It was published in four volumes, the first being “Non-logical Conduct.” He also contrasts two types of political leaders: lions, who use brazen displays of power, and foxes, who rule by cunning. Advancing the theory of the “circulation of the elites”, it broke with the early liberal theories of his teacher Leon Walras. FTP, identify this work of sociology, written by Vilfredo Pareto. Answer: Mind and Society

18.In 1976 Tijdeman proved that if this conjecture were proved to be false, there could only be a finite number of exceptions, and it was known that the exponents p and q were double Wieferich prime pairs, a fact which Mihailescu used in his purported proof submitted in April of 2002. Hyrro and Makowski had previously proved it for three consecutive numbers, and it can be represented as the Diophantine equation (x to the p minus y to the q is equal to plus or minus one). FTP, name this conjecture-cum-theorem which states that 8 and 9 are the only consecutive powers. Answer: Catalan conjecture

19.Although explored by Vespucci and Magellan, this region was not settled by Europeans until the 19th century, when the general Julio Roca forcibly removed the native people, now known as Tehuelches. The recent eruption of the Hudson volcano caused a great deal of damage to the local fauna, which includes the guanaco and the rhea. Oil production has begun around the major cities of Rio Gallegos and Comodoro Rivadavia, although the major industry is still sheep raising. FTP, name this sparsely populated plateau east of the Andes, comprising Tierra del Fuego and the southern third of Argentina. Answer: Patagonia

20.Revising it into book form was suggested by Elisha Bliss, who published it serially in 1869. Its publication made celebrities out of Dan Slote, Jack Von Nostrand, Doctor Abraham Jackson, and the Oracle, Edward Andrews. A storefront in Tangier is compared in size to a bathtub. The author laments the French being unable to understand their own language when spoken to. He also describes the life of a black man living in Venice who is his guide. It features the author’s crying upon seeing the tomb of Adam, and swimming in the Sea of Galilee at night. Written for the Alta California, it details the trip aboard the Quaker City. FTP, identify this novel, called by Bret Harte, “650 pages of open and declared fun’, a travelogue written by Mark Twain. Answer: The Innocents Abroad

Bonuses

1.Identify the following works by Toni Morrison FTPE: 1.This work covers a period of 100 years in the freemen settlement of Ruby, Oklahoma, and focuses on the strange and violent goings-on at the Convent whose destruction at the beginning of the text sets the story in motion. Answer: Paradise 2.The day before the main character of this novel is born, Robert Smith jumps from the roof of Mercy Hospital. Other characters helping Milkman on his quest include Pilate, Ryna, and Ruth Foster. Answer: Song of Solomon 3.In this work, set in the 1920s, Violet Trace’s husband Joe has an affair with the younger Dorcas who is subsequently murdered , but some reconciliation is established by Violet’s meeting with Alice Manfred. Answer: Jazz

2.Identify the following discoveries of Nobel winners in physics, FTPE: (10) In 2001, Eric Cornell, Wolfgang Ketterle, and Carl Wieman received the physics prize for their creation of this substance from super-cooling of rubidium atoms, in which the individual atoms lose their individual identities and coalesce into a so-called “super atom”. Answer: Bose-Einstein condensate or Bose-Einstein condensation (10) In 1995 Martin Perl, an employee at Stanford’s linear accelerator laboratory, won the prize for his discovery of this extremely heavy lepton, the third type discovered after the electron and muon. Answer: tau particle (10) Carlo Rubbia and Simon van der Meer won their prizes in 1984 for their help in discovering these two particles, the mediators of the weak force. Answer: W and Z particles

3.Answer the following about a Dominican missionary FTPE: 1.He and Nicolas Ovando left for Hispaniola in 1502, and he became the first priest ordained in the New World. He is best known for arguing that Spaniards should stop destroying the “Indian” population in works like “Concerning the Only Way of Drawing All Peoples to the True Religion.” Answer: Bartolome de Las Casas 2.Las Casas finally had a breakthrough in his crusade against the encomienda system when Charles V signed this legislation in 1542 that outlawed the hereditary passing on of native workers on the farms. Asnwer: Nueva Leyes or New Laws 3.The growing influence of Juan Gines de Sepulveda’s ideas outlined in his “Concerning the Just Cause of War Against Indians” forced Las Casas to argue for his opposing points of view at this famous 1550 summit named for a city in the Castile-Leon region of Spain. Answer: Council of Valladolid

4.Answer the following about a poet and his works FTPE: 1.His “Art Poetique” was composed during his stint in jail and other famous works include 1880’s Sagesse or Wisdom, the Poemes Saturniens, and the collection La Bonne Chanson. Answer: Paul Verlaine 2.This series of “impressionist” sketches was written during his travels in Belgium with Arthur Rimbaud and contains many landscape works and insults at his ex-wife. Answer: Romances sans Paroles or Songs Without Words 3.Though he sent his first extant poem “La Mort” to Victor Hugo at the age of 14, this Parnassian work about a certain mister was his first to be published. Answer: Monsieur Prudhomme

5.Answer the following about the life and times of your friend and mine: Janos Kadar FTPE: 1.Though he was imprisoned for his Titoist tendencies , Kadar soon extricated himself and led the Hungarian revolution with this man whose cabinet he joined in 1956, but whom he executed two years later. Answer: Imre Nagy 2.This Stalinist served as Hungary’s premier until Imre Nagy overthrew him in 1953. Answer: Matyas Rakosi 3.One victim of Communism’s rise in Hungary, embodied by men like Kadar and Nagy, was this Catholic Primate whose sensational public trial involving a drugged confession made him a martyr figure. During the revolt he took refuge with the U.S. legislation and later moved to Vienna. Answer: Cardinal Jozsef Mindszenty

6.Identify these works by Raphael FTPE: 1.Prints of the two thoughtful putti looking up at the title figure located at the bottom of this 1513 work have made this painting famous. It is one of a series of 10 tapestry cartoons named for the chapel at which Raphael worked in direct competition with Michelangelo. Answer: Sistine Madonna 2.Two children pet the title animal in front of the seated title figure in this 1505 work located at the Uffizi. Answer: Madonna of the Gold Finch 3.After Julius II died in 1513 this Pope appointed Raphael to work alongside Bramante to rebuild St. Peter’s. Raphael depicts him as sullen and heavy-jowled sitting in front of a table and attended by Giulio de Medici and Luigi de Rossi. Answer: Leo X

7.Identify these special types of functions, FTPE: (10) This simple function with subscript ij is equal to 0 when I is not equal to j and equal to 1 when I is equal to j. Answer: kronecker delta function (prompt on Kronecker) (10) Expressible as a series of gamma functions, these functions are frequently encountered when working with spherical and cylindrical coordinates, and are also known as cylindrical functions. Answer: Bessel function 10) This function, when given a positive integer n, returns the number of positive integers less than or equal to n and coprime to n. A: Euler’s phi function or Euler’s totient function

8.Answer the following about a composer and his works 5-5-10-10: 1.5: Metamorphoses, a study for 23 solo strings, and Four Last Songs were written after his last opera Capriccio was completed. Other works by this protégé of Hans von Bulow include the symphonic fantasy From Italy and the Symphonia Domestica. Answer: Richard Strauss 2.5: Richard Strauss worked on Arabella, The Egyptian Helen, and Ariadne auf Naxos, among other operas with this Austrian librettist. Answer: Hugo von Hofmannstahl 3.10: In this 1894 tone poem Strauss used the rondo form to depict the scattering of pots and pans in a market and the mocking of the clergy by the titular 14th century rogue. Answer: Till Eulenspiegel’s Merry Pranks 4.10: In this 1911 work a large orchestra describes a day in the title location, replete with thunderstorm, waterfall, and view from the summit. Answer: Alpine Symphony

9.FTPE answer these questions about a medieval religious work: 1.From 1470 to 1530, this French work, a compilation of the lives of the Saints and various religious folklore, was the most widely printed book in Europe. Answer: The Golden Legend 2.This Frenchman and archbishop of Genoa is the author of a defense of Dominicans, a history of Genoa, and The Golden Legend. Answer: Jacobus de Voragine 3.Voragine dedicates The Golden Legend to this man, a Bethlehem-born father of the Church, writer of the Vulgate, and most learned of the early saints. Answer: St. Jerome

10.FTPE answer these questions about a philosopher Ezequiel claims to know more about than Paul: 1.This Young Hegelian wrote Abelard and Heloise and On Spritualism and Materialsim, He discussed projection and called religion “the dream of the human mind” in his most famous work, The Essence of Christianity. Answer: Ludwig Feuerbach 2.This 1876 work by Feuerbach argued against the personal form of one of the tile concepts, instead advocating Spinoza’s idea of oneness of history. Answer: Thoughts on Death and Immortality 3.In this 1843 work, Feuerbach asserts that the title entity is “the complete coherent and absolute resolution of theology into anthropology” into the “unity of the I and Thou.” It projects developments in metaphysics and epistemology. Answer: Principles of the Philosophy of Future

11.Identify the following about a social reformer FTPE: 1.A graduate of the University of Chicago and Jane Addams’ Hull House, she exposed the hypocrisy of immigrant restriction in a series of articles for the Evening Post, but is better known as the director of the U.S. Children’s Bureau where she battled for the rights of child workers. Answer: Grace Abbott 2.Grace Abbott fought vigorously to uphold the standards for child labor set by this 1916 Act. Answer: Keating-Owen 3.The Keating-Owen Act was declared unconstitutional by this 1918 case that well known for Oliver Wendell Holmes’ vigorous dissent, it was later overturned by U.S. v. Darby Lumber Company. Answer: Hammer v. Dagenhart

12.Identify the following related deities FTPE: 1.Commonly represented as half-goat/half-fish this “lord of the earth” made man, was seduced by Inanna, and made his home in the watery palace of Abzu in the city of Eridu. Answer: Enki 2.The chief god of Nippur this sky god and keeper of promises briefly lost his power to the giant Anzu, his children include Nanna andNergal, and he is best known for separating his parents sky and earth. Answer: Enlil 3.The worship of both Enki and Enlil was eventually replaced by the veneration of this deity, the son of Ea and Damkina who slew the great dragon Tiamat. Answer: Marduk

13.Identify these pathways and areas related to the heart, FTPE: (10) This valve, composed of two triangular flaps, regulates blood flow between the left atrium and left ventricle. Answer: mitral valve or bicuspid valve (10) This is a bundle of muscle fibers located on the posterior wall of the right atrium. It regulates the heartbeat via generation of electrical impulses. Answer: sinoatrial node (prompt on pacemaker) (10) This group of muscles transmits the cardiac impulse from the atrioventricular node to the ventricles, which causes them to contract. Answer: bundle of His

14.Identify these poems about supernatural encounters from clues FTPE: 1.After seducing Lycius the true nature of the title figure in this Keats poem is exposed on her wedding night by the wise Appolonius forcing her to disappear in a cloud of smoke. Answer: Lamia 2.Yeats ended this short1889 poem in 4 sections with the same refrain: To the waters and the wild/ With a faery, hand in hand/ For the world’s more full of weeping than you can understand. Answer: The Stolen Child 3.In this 1862 Christina Rossetti poem Laura yields to the title creatures and eats some crazy fruit, she falls under an erotic spell until her sister Lizzie saves her. Answer: Goblin Market

15. Answer the following about a leader of the Owari province FTPE: 1.He defeated Imagawa Yoshimoto with his innovative use of firearms, and supported Ashikaga Yoshiaki during his bid for control of Kyoto, yet he overthrew him soon after and through various conquests unified half of Japan’s provinces under his rule. Answer: Oda Nobunaga or Kichihoshi or Saburo 2.Nobunaga’s greatest battle came against various Buddhist sects such as the Tendai, but the most consistent thorn in his side was this particular group headquartered at Hongan-ji in Osaka whom he fought off and on for more than a decade. Answer: Ikko sect 3.Nobunaga built a magnificent castle at this site on the shore of Lake Biwa in 1576. Answer: Azuchi

16.Identify these structures found in flowering plants, FTPE: (10) This protective covering of the inner parts of the plant is comprised of modified leaves called sepals. Answer: calyx (10) Analogous to the calyx for sepals, this is the collective term for the petals of a flowering plant. Answer: corolla (10) This tissue, part of the stele, is composed of schlerenchyma cells and its function is to strengthen the stem and provide protection to the vascular bundles, which differentiate into xylem and phloem. Answer: pericycle

17.FTPE name these famous social psychology studies: 1.This experiment in conformity demonstrated that people would make a patently wrong judgment on the length of some lines when those around them did the same. Answer: Asch line experiment 2.This experiment, conducted by Dutton and Aron, measured the effects of danger and anxiety in perceptions of attractiveness. High arousal leads people to find each other more attractive. Answer: Capilano bridge experiment, also accept swinging bridge, moving bridge (prompt on bridge) 3.With J. C. Carlsmith, this psychologist conducted experiments that demonstrated the phenomenon of cognitive dissonance. Answer: Leon Festinger

18.FTPE answer these questions about some Buddhist writings: 1.Meaning “thread” in Sanskrit, in Theravada it denotes discourse of the Buddha, found in the Sutta section of the Pali canon, while in Mahayana, it simply refers to a body of expository texts. They are the basic scriptures in Buddhism. Answer: sutra 2.This sutra is a distillation of the Prajnaparamita writings, it is only a page long and it is a statement by Avalokitesvara of the basic tenets of Buddhism. It is the most widely memorized of the sutras in Asia.. Answer: Heart sutra, also accept Prajñaparamitahrdaya-sutra 3.This 28 chapter sutra is the most revered by Chinese and Japanese Buddhists. The 25th chapter, also describing Avalokitesvara, is called the Kwan-Yin Ching. Answer: Lotus sutra, also accept Saddharmapun darika-sutra

19.FTPE identify these characters from a novel that made Seth Kendall finally respect his baby’s momma, Jane Eyre: 1.After her parents’ death, Jane Eyre initially lives in Gateshead hall under the supervision of this woman, who makes Jane stay in her dead husband’s room. Answer: Mrs. Reed 2.Jane is later contracted to Mr. Rochester to teach this girl, the ward of Mr. Rochester and daughter of a French dancer. Answer: Adele Varens (accept either name) 3.Though Jane and Mr. Rochester intend to get married, they cannot until this madwoman, Mr. Rochester’s first wife, conveniently dies in a fire. Answer: Bertha Mason (accept either name)

20.Identify these rivers of northern Russia, FTPE: (10) Formed in the Altai mountains by the confluence of the Biya and Katun rivers, it flows northwest into its namesake gulf after meeting the Irtysh river, its major tributary. Answer: Ob river (10) This Siberian river has its source 14 miles west of Lake Baikal and flows east as far as Yakutsk, then north to its delta on the Laptev Sea, south of the New Siberian Islands. Answer: Lena river (10) Southeastern Siberia’s largest river, it flows from Lake Baikal through the cities of Irkutsk and Bratsk, the latter the location of one of the world’s largest hydroelectric plants. Answer: Angara river