Quantitative Observations

5.1-5.3

Quantitative observations-

Qualitative observations-

Measurements-

Scientific notation -expresses a number as a product of a number between 1 and 10 with the appropriate power of 10

EX 5500 = 5.5 x 103 You try

EX .0098 = 9.8 x 10-3 You Try .000000000089

Units International System SI Units Physical Quantity Name of SI unit Symbol for SI unit length metre (meter) m mass kilogram kg time second s electric current ampere A temperature Kelvin K amount of substance mole mol luminous intensity candela cd Metric Prefixes

A List of the Metric Prefixes-most commonly used

Multiplier Prefix Symbol Numerical Exponential yotta Y 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 1024 zetta Z 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 1021 exa E 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 1018 peta P 1,000,000,000,000,000 1015 tera T 1,000,000,000,000 1012 giga G 1,000,000,000 109 mega M 1,000,000 106 kilo k 1,000 103 hecto h 100 102 deca da 10 101 no prefix means: 1 100 deci d 0.1 10¯1 centi c 0.01 10¯2 milli m 0.001 10¯3 micro  0.000001 10¯6 nano n 0.000000001 10¯9 pico p 0.000000000001 10¯12 femto f 0.000000000000001 10¯15 atto a 0.000000000000000001 10¯18 zepto z 0.000000000000000000001 10¯21 yocto y 0.000000000000000000000001 10¯24 Measurements of length, volume, mass Volume-

1ml=1cm 3 very important How would you measure the volume of an irregular object?

Density-

5.4-5.5 uncertainty in measurement

Estimation

Try these: Significant figures

Rules 1.nonzero numbers always count 2.zero rules

EX: .0023 = 2 sig figures EX: 5.002 = 4 sig figures

EX: 100 = 1 sig figure 100. = 3 sig figures

EX: 2.00 x 103 = 3 sig figures

3.exact numbers always count EX: 12 students = 2 sig figures 1 inch = 2.54 = 3 sig figures

Rules in calculations 1.multiplication and division

EX: 4.56 x 1.4 = 6.384 = 6.4 2.addition and subtraction

EX 12.4 + 18.6 + 1.01

5.6 Dimensional analysis

Dimensional analysis- Conversion factor-

Unit 1 x conversion factor = unit 2

Equivalence statement

EX 2.54cm = 1 inch

Process 1. 2. 3. 4. EX 4cm  inches 4cm x 1inch = 1.57 inches 2.54cm

You try 5 pounds  g 2qt  ml

5.7 temperature conversions Fahrenheit scale-

Celsius scale- Kelvin scale -the size of the temperature unit is the same for Celsius and Kelvin scale-the difference between boiling and freezing is 100 degrees Converting between scales TK= TC= TF= TC=