The following document is a running list of vocabulary terms for the Carbohydrate, Lipid and Protein unit for Biology. The unit is one of the larger units and contains a lot of vocabulary to keep straight. In order the help the students I have created this study option for home.

Key terms will be added as we introduce them in class- I will put the new terms in a new chart to cut down on printing waste, but the same document will be sent home each time.

A copy of this document will also be posted on my teacher website located at: http://www.greenwoodsd.org/Page/1009

To use as Flash Cards:

1. Cut only on solid lines.

2. Fold the card on the dotted line and put a small piece of tape on the open end to secure and make the flash card that should show the definition on one side and the vocabulary word on the other. To Use a Matching Activity:

1. Cut the chart apart completely by cutting on all lines.

2. Have your child mix up the cards and try to match the correct definition with the correct vocabulary term.

(A second chart can be printed to act as a key) Specific sets of directions (regions of DNA) for Genes building(code for) a protein

Alleles Alternate forms of genes that exist for specific traits

Phenotype Physical/Physiological traits displayed

genotype Actual Gene pairs in an organism

A notable feature of quality (Ex: height, hair color, Traits eye color); variations of characters; determined by expression of proteins

characters An inherited trait

heterozygous Gene pair with 2 different alleles (Tt)

homozygous Gene pair with 2 identical alleles (TT or tt)

Allele that is expressed in phenotype; Capitol Dominant letters Allele that may not be visibly expressed when recessive paired with a dominant allele; lower case letters

Chromosome pairs that have genes for the same Homologous chromosomes traits (but may have different allelic forms)

Show the probability of passing specific traits to Punnett square offspring

Father of genetics; studied inheritance in pea Gregor Mendel plants

Self-pollination Fertilizes itself

Cross-Pollination Pollen from one transfers to another

Heterozygous phenotype is the same as the Complete dominance homozygous dominant (RR and Rr both are red)

Heterozygous offspring display a phenotype Incomplete dominance intermediate to parents ( Red + White= Pink)

Both alleles in a heterozygote are separately codominance expressed (red + white= red and white splotches) Autosomes “body chromosomes” (44)

XX= girl Sex chromosomes XY=boy Determines the sex of a person

Gene is located on autosomes and requires 2 Autosomal recessive mutated genes (recessive alleles) Ex: ss (sickle cell anemia)

Requires 1 mutated gene (dominant allele) Autosomal dominant Ex: Hh or HH

Mutated gene is located on the X chromosome; more common in males because the Y Sex-linked (“x-linked”) chromosome does not compensate for the needed protein; most are recessive