Chapter 018 Dimensional Massage Techniques for the Muscles of the Thigh

Chapter 018 Dimensional Massage Techniques for the Muscles of the Thigh... f

True / False Questions

1. Genu valgum, or knock-knees, is a walking pattern marked by a lateral angulation of the leg in relation to the thigh. True False

2. Ober's test is an orthopedic test for tight adductors. True False

3. An external rotation of the hip can throw off gait, cause discomfort in the lower back, and create an imbalance in the muscular group relationships. True False

4. The knee cartilage, known as the medial and lateral collateral ligaments, can become torn, particularly from torsional and compressive forces. True False

5. Structural changes in the knee joint, abnormal gait patterns, or imbalanced muscular development in the thigh can cause a trigger point in the fibular collateral ligament. True False

6. A swollen patellar tendon can only be bursitis. True False

7. Pain in the anterior thigh, or meralgia paresthetica, can be attributed to branches of the sciatic nerve being compromised at some location, often from soft tissue. True False

18-1 Chapter 018 Dimensional Massage Techniques for the Muscles of the Thigh...

8. To palpate the thick tendon of the rectus femoris at its origin simply have the client extend the thigh. True False

9. If the iliotibial tract is a tight area of the thigh, the therapist must treat the tensor fasciae latae and the gluteus maximus. True False

10. A hematoma is a large tumor usually found in the quadriceps. True False

Multiple Choice Questions

11. Prepatellar bursitis is usually caused by ______. A. a ruptured ligament B. dislocated patella C. kneeling repetitively D. injured meniscus

12. A dysfunction with the growth plate of the tibial tuberosity that causes pain in the superior anterior tibial region, probable tracking issues, and tendonitis of the patella is called ______. A. a hematoma B. Osgood-Schlatter disease C. torn ligament D. arthritis

13. The orthopedic assessment used to test for a contracted iliotibial tract is called ______. A. Ober's test B. Finklestein's test C. Active assisted stretching D. PNF

14. The result of unusual gait problems that prevent the patella from riding normally over the knee in a superior and inferior direction during extension and flexion, respectively is called ______. A. bursitis B. Osgood-Schlatter C. patellar tracking D. osteoarthritis

15. A walking pattern marked by a medial angulation of the leg in relation to the thigh is called ______. A. genu valgum B. knock knees C. genu varum D. external rotation of the hips

16. The bony landmark on the anterior tibia superior to the shin and inferior to the patella is called the ______. A. Gerdy's tubercle B. tibial tuberosity C. medial tibial condyle D. pes anserinus

17. The ______muscles are more prone to strains than their counterpart the ______muscles. A. adductor; abductors B. quadriceps; hamstrings C. hamstrings; quadriceps D. internal rotators; external rotators

18. A client who presents with Osgood-Schlatter disease could have ______applied to the patellar tendon. A. deep transverse friction B. ischemic compression C. stripping D. ice massage

19. When starting a sequence on the thigh muscles it makes sense to start with the ______and ______muscles. A. anterior thigh; quadricep B. posterior thigh; hamstring C. medial thigh; adductor D. lateral thigh; abductor

20. The medial knee is often sore because ______. A. this is where the anatomical tripod attach B. this is where the hamstrings all attach C. this is where the quadriceps attach D. this is where the iliotibial tract attaches

Fill in the Blank Questions

21. The fibular collateral ligament may have a(n) ______in the fibers of the ligament. ______

22. A dimensional approach to the posterior thigh must include work on the muscles of the ______. ______

23. Techniques that the therapist might use on athletic thighs might include ______, ______, and ______. (Name three.) (Note: should not include petrissage as the tissue may not be able to be picked up immediately.) ______

24. To passively shorten the tensor fasciae latae, ______. ______

25. To assist unwinding a contracted iliotibial tract, it would be necessary to apply techniques to ______and to ______muscles. ______

26. A technique that can be applied to the sartorius that will lengthen fibers and push fluids is called ______. ______

27. Passively shorten the hamstrings by ______. ______

28. Apply ______to separate the fibers of the hamstrings at its easily found origin at the ______. ______

29. Sciatic nerve pain can be a result of entrapment from the ______muscles. ______

30. The sciatic nerve can be entrapped by the ______and the ______muscles in the posterior thigh. ______

31. A common surgical solution for a painful knee joint that no longer functions properly, is called a(n) ______. ______

32. A complete substitute hinge for the knee joint is called a(n) ______. ______

33. If the lateral thigh is very dense and is pulling on the iliotibial tract, work on the ______first, paying particular attention to the ______. ______

34. The hamstrings, which are posterior thigh muscles, are ______muscles and affect the pelvic girdle position, the hip joint, and the knee joint. ______

35. The therapist can easily palpate the distal hamstring attachments by having the client ______the knee. ______

36. The anatomical tripod consists of ______, ______, and ______. ______

37. ______, exercise physiologists, and experts in gait and foot problems are best at diagnosing walking patterns and thigh-leg relationships. ______

38. If a client presents with pain, edema, and lack of range of motion of the knee joint, and has not had a diagnosis, the therapist should ______the client. ______

39. Athletic thighs need techniques that will ______, ______, and ______fibers successfully. ______

40. If the client is an equestrian, it would be vital to work with the ______of the thigh. ______

41. Since the posterior hamstrings affect the ______position of the pelvic girdle, it is possible for tight hamstrings to be involved in lower back problems. ______

42. The technique used for clockwise and counterclockwise movement of the musculature is called ______. ______

43. Before treating a client, the therapist must ______. ______

44. For a client with knee pain, it would be appropriate to observe the client's ______. ______

45. To determine the sequence of techniques for the client, it is appropriate to assess ______and ______range of motion. ______

46. The technique used that picks up the rectus femoris and shakes it back and forth from origin to insertion is called ______. ______

47. Stretch the ______by flexing the knee and bringing the heel to the hip in the prone position. ______

48. Structural problems of the knee might include ______, ______, and/or ______. ______

49. Ligament and meniscus problems can be caused by ______, ______and ______. (Name three.) ______

50. Pain on the anterior thigh might be ______. ______

18-9 Chapter 018 Dimensional Massage Techniques for the Muscles of the Thigh... Key

True / False Questions

1. Genu valgum, or knock-knees, is a walking pattern marked by a lateral angulation of the leg in relation to the thigh. TRUE

Bloom's: Application Bloom's: Comprehension Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Learning Outcome: 18-1 Learning Outcome: 18-5

2. Ober's test is an orthopedic test for tight adductors. FALSE

Ober's test is an orthopedic test for a contracted iliotibial tract.

3. An external rotation of the hip can throw off gait, cause discomfort in the lower back, and create an imbalance in the muscular group relationships. TRUE

Bloom's: Application Bloom's: Comprehension Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Learning Outcome: 18-5

4. The knee cartilage, known as the medial and lateral collateral ligaments, can become torn, particularly from torsional and compressive forces. FALSE

The knee cartilage is called the medial and lateral menisci.

5. Structural changes in the knee joint, abnormal gait patterns, or imbalanced muscular development in the thigh can cause a trigger point in the fibular collateral ligament. TRUE

6. A swollen patellar tendon can only be bursitis. FALSE

Other conditions can affect the patellar tendon with edema such as patellar tendonitis.

7. Pain in the anterior thigh, or meralgia paresthetica, can be attributed to branches of the sciatic nerve being compromised at some location, often from soft tissue. FALSE

Meralgia paresthetica cannot be caused by entrapment of the sciatic nerve on the anterior thigh as the sciatic nerve does not innervate the anterior thigh muscles, the femoral nerve does.

8. To palpate the thick tendon of the rectus femoris at its origin simply have the client extend the thigh. FALSE

The rectus femoris flexes the thigh and extends the knee. The origin and muscle can be palpated in flexion of the thigh.

9. If the iliotibial tract is a tight area of the thigh, the therapist must treat the tensor fasciae latae and the gluteus maximus. TRUE

10. A hematoma is a large tumor usually found in the quadriceps. FALSE

A hematoma is another name for a bruise mostly from trauma.

Multiple Choice Questions

11. Prepatellar bursitis is usually caused by ______. A. a ruptured ligament B. dislocated patella C. kneeling repetitively D. injured meniscus

Prepatellar bursitis is often called "housemaid's knee" from spending time kneeling without knee pads to protect the bursa.

Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Learning Outcome: 18-5

12. A dysfunction with the growth plate of the tibial tuberosity that causes pain in the superior anterior tibial region, probable tracking issues, and tendonitis of the patella is called ______. A. a hematoma B. Osgood-Schlatter disease C. torn ligament D. arthritis

Osgood-Schlatter disease is a dysfunction with the growth plate of the tibial tuberosity.

Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Learning Outcome: 18-1 Learning Outcome: 18-5

13. The orthopedic assessment used to test for a contracted iliotibial tract is called ______. A. Ober's test B. Finklestein's test C. Active assisted stretching D. PNF

Ober's test is an orthopedic assessment for a contracted iliotibial tract.

14. The result of unusual gait problems that prevent the patella from riding normally over the knee in a superior and inferior direction during extension and flexion, respectively is called ______. A. bursitis B. Osgood-Schlatter C. patellar tracking D. osteoarthritis

Gait affects how the patella tracks over the knee joint. How the patella moves during walking is called patellar tracking.

15. A walking pattern marked by a medial angulation of the leg in relation to the thigh is called ______. A. genu valgum B. knock knees C. genu varum D. external rotation of the hips

Genu varum is often called bow legs and causes walking on the lateral side of the foot.

16. The bony landmark on the anterior tibia superior to the shin and inferior to the patella is called the ______. A. Gerdy's tubercle B. tibial tuberosity C. medial tibial condyle D. pes anserinus

The tibial tuberosity is a small bony prominence located directly below the patella on the center of the tibia. The patellar tendon inserts on the tibial tuberosity.

Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Learning Outcome: 18-2 Learning Outcome: 18-3 Learning Outcome: 18-4

17. The ______muscles are more prone to strains than their counterpart the ______muscles. A. adductor; abductors B. quadriceps; hamstrings C. hamstrings; quadriceps D. internal rotators; external rotators

The hamstrings muscles are more vulnerable to injury than the quadriceps as they are less strong and are often injured in eccentric contraction.

Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Learning Outcome: 18-5

18. A client who presents with Osgood-Schlatter disease could have ______applied to the patellar tendon. A. deep transverse friction B. ischemic compression C. stripping D. ice massage

Out of this list, ice massage is the only application that should be applied to a potentially inflamed tendon.

Bloom's: Application Bloom's: Comprehension Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Learning Outcome: 18-1 Learning Outcome: 18-5 Learning Outcome: 18-8

19. When starting a sequence on the thigh muscles it makes sense to start with the ______and ______muscles. A. anterior thigh; quadricep B. posterior thigh; hamstring C. medial thigh; adductor D. lateral thigh; abductor

The larger quadriceps tend to be most hypertonic and should be approached first to unwind.

20. The medial knee is often sore because ______. A. this is where the anatomical tripod attach B. this is where the hamstrings all attach C. this is where the quadriceps attach D. this is where the iliotibial tract attaches

The sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus all attach (anatomical tripod) on the pes anserinus.

Fill in the Blank Questions

21. The fibular collateral ligament may have a(n) ______in the fibers of the ligament. trigger point

22. A dimensional approach to the posterior thigh must include work on the muscles of the ______. posterior pelvic girdle

23. Techniques that the therapist might use on athletic thighs might include ______, ______, and ______. (Name three.) (Note: should not include petrissage as the tissue may not be able to be picked up immediately.) rock and roll; compression; compressive effleurage; elliptical movement; myofascial techniques; broadening; friction

24. To passively shorten the tensor fasciae latae, ______. flex the hip and knee

25. To assist unwinding a contracted iliotibial tract, it would be necessary to apply techniques to ______and to ______muscles. tensor fasciae latae; gluteus maximus

26. A technique that can be applied to the sartorius that will lengthen fibers and push fluids is called ______. stripping and/or compressive effleurage

27. Passively shorten the hamstrings by ______. flexing the knee

28. Apply ______to separate the fibers of the hamstrings at its easily found origin at the ______. deep transverse friction; ischial tuberosity

29. Sciatic nerve pain can be a result of entrapment from the ______muscles. posterior thigh

30. The sciatic nerve can be entrapped by the ______and the ______muscles in the posterior thigh. adductor magnus; biceps femoris

31. A common surgical solution for a painful knee joint that no longer functions properly, is called a(n) ______. knee replacement

32. A complete substitute hinge for the knee joint is called a(n) ______. prosthesis

33. If the lateral thigh is very dense and is pulling on the iliotibial tract, work on the ______first, paying particular attention to the ______. quadriceps; vastus lateralis

34. The hamstrings, which are posterior thigh muscles, are ______muscles and affect the pelvic girdle position, the hip joint, and the knee joint. multiarticular

35. The therapist can easily palpate the distal hamstring attachments by having the client ______the knee. flex

36. The anatomical tripod consists of ______, ______, and ______. semitendinosus; gracilis; sartorius

37. ______, exercise physiologists, and experts in gait and foot problems are best at diagnosing walking patterns and thigh-leg relationships. Podiatrists

38. If a client presents with pain, edema, and lack of range of motion of the knee joint, and has not had a diagnosis, the therapist should ______the client. refer

39. Athletic thighs need techniques that will ______, ______, and ______fibers successfully. compress; lengthen; broaden

40. If the client is an equestrian, it would be vital to work with the ______of the thigh. adductors

41. Since the posterior hamstrings affect the ______position of the pelvic girdle, it is possible for tight hamstrings to be involved in lower back problems. posterior

42. The technique used for clockwise and counterclockwise movement of the musculature is called ______. elliptical movement

43. Before treating a client, the therapist must ______. take a careful medical history appropriate for the client

44. For a client with knee pain, it would be appropriate to observe the client's ______. gait

45. To determine the sequence of techniques for the client, it is appropriate to assess ______and ______range of motion. active; passive

46. The technique used that picks up the rectus femoris and shakes it back and forth from origin to insertion is called ______. jostling

47. Stretch the ______by flexing the knee and bringing the heel to the hip in the prone position. quadriceps

48. Structural problems of the knee might include ______, ______, and/or ______. patellar tracking; genu varum; genu valgum; hip alignment issues; contracted iliotibial tract; foot structures

49. Ligament and meniscus problems can be caused by ______, ______and ______. (Name three.) trauma; aging; arthritis; disease; excessive weight

50. Pain on the anterior thigh might be ______. meralgia paresthetica