Unit 7 Day 2 Notes

Unit 7 Day 2 Notes Seawater Objective 9* Geological evidence indicates that the 1. Describe the and of the ocean has variations in over time 2. Explain ocean layering and effects of temperature differences 3. Describe variations in and Seawater 1* The water of the world’s ocean is Seawater is a solution of about 96.5% water and dissolved 10* salts chlorine and sulfur as they dissolve in seawater 11* of crustal rocks generates most of the other abundant ions

2* Although and are the most abundant nearly all naturally occurring elements on Earth (including gold and silver) are found in 12* , seawater and come from the Chemical Properties of Seawater weathering of feldspars 3* The most important factor oceanographers study 13* Salt ions are continuously added to is the of seawater seawater yet the 4* This includes the levels of as well as . They are removed from the ocean at the same and rate as they are added that greatly affect life in the 14* Salts precipitate from seawater near oceans regions 5* Salts are composed 15* Small, salty spray droplets from of positively charged ions and negative ions so breaking waves are picked up by winds and that the product is electrically neutral (without a deposited inland net charge) Physical Properties of Seawater 6* is the measure of 16* The presence of the various salts causes the amount of in the physical properties of seawater to be seawater from freshwater. 7* Salinity can between 3.2% and 3.7% 17* Seawater is than depending on location, precipitation and freshwater because the salt ions are temperature than water molecules

8* Common major ions in seawater are

18* also varies with affecting many significant oceanic processes 19* The of seawater is because salt ions interfere with the formation of hydrogen bonds 9

26* The layer is with temperatures

20* Seawater absorbs different light wave Water Masses frequencies 28* Since seawater is fluid the 21* only occurs result in horizontal as well as 100m vertical movement and cause deep water throughout the world’s ocean

29* When the sea ice formed the salt ions. These ions remain in the unfrozen seawater causing it to become more to the bottom Ocean Layering 30* This Antarctic Bottom Water then 22* Ocean water significantly The oceans are as a cold, deep water mass along divided into three layers by density differences the ocean floor 31* North Atlantic Deep Water forms in a 23* is similar manner offshore from Greenland, but it so it to the bottom is warmer and less dense than Antarctic Bottom 24* The surface layer is relatively warm and Water so it overrides it is about 100m thick 32* Antarctic Intermediate Water 25* The is the transitional layer the other two masses characterized by with depth 10