Research Paper Instructions

Eighth Grade Research Project for History and English Classes

Your Name

Date Due

Visit the web site: mrsbrookshistory.weebly.com Research Topics

Reminders- No Lists, No Biographies of people, 1 mandatory quote, include parenthetical citations for each paragraph No one can check out the IRC books. Students cannot use wikis or blogs for research. To start ask yourself: What happened, Why or purpose, When, Who involved, How, Outcome, etc… 1860’s-1920 Russian Revolution Buffalo Bill Cody’s Wild West Show 1920’s-1930’s Building the Brooklyn Bridge Alcatraz Prison Child labor past and present Building the Hoover Dam

Angel Island (west coast immigration) History of Baseball

Ellis Island (east coast immigration) Dust Bowl

Gold Rush Life in the 1920’s- fads, fashions, fun, Hollywood

Hull House/settlement houses The New Deal Law enforcement & outlaws in West Prohibition NAACP (history of organization) Oklahoma land rush Panama Canal Mafia Pioneers Sacco & Vanzetti Trial Pony Express Scopes Trial Spanish American War WWII (1941-1945) Titanic Atomic Bomb Auschwitz/Experiments (camp) Transcontinental Railroad Bataan Death March Vaudeville Theaters Bergen-Belsen (concentration camp) Women’s Rights/Suffrage Code talkers (Navajo) Wounded Knee Massacre Dachau (concentration camp) U.S. Industrial Revolution D-Day/Normandy invasion Home front during WWII Japanese Internment Camps WWI 1914-1919 Kamikazes Harlem Hell Fighters Pearl Harbor Lusitania

Visit the web site: mrsbrookshistory.weebly.com Tuskegee Airmen USS Indianapolis Warsaw Ghetto (concentration camp) United Nations

1990’s-current times 1940’s-1950’s Advancement of Nuclear Weapons Berlin Airlift (A Bomb, H Bomb, ICBM Defense Civil Rights Movement/Brown v. Inter Continental Ballistic Missiles) Board Integrating Public Places Nuclear Power/ Disasters Little Rock Nine Renewable Energy Montgomery Bus Boycott Arab-Israeli Conflict (history-today) Korean War/Conflict Collapse of Communism - Soviet Union Sputnik/Space Race Oklahoma City Bombing Evolution of Computers 1960’s- 1980’s Fall of Berlin Wall/Communism Apollo 11/Moon Landing Operation Iraqi Freedom (2003) Assassination attempt on Reagan Persian Gulf War (1991) Camp David Accords (Israel/Egypt) Cloning Cuban Missile Crisis Kennedy Assassination Stem Cell Research Kent State Protest/Killings Environmental concerns (examples) U.S. hostages in Iran 1979-1981 A. garbage Vietnam War (a specific topic ex.) B. global warming A. Dogs in war C. oil spills B. Vietcong Terrorism around the world C. Agent Orange Child Labor Today D. Anti Vietnam protests/music etc. Watergate Scandal

Visit the web site: mrsbrookshistory.weebly.com RESEARCH PAPER INSTRUCTIONS

● Getting Started

1. Choose a topic that interests you. Topics are listed in this packet and on the website.

2. Make sure that there is enough information on the topic you have chosen.

3. While you research, put relevant facts on CATUMs. Do not plagiarize. All information on the CATUMs must be put in your own words. Any CATUMs or papers that are suspected of plagiarism will not be accepted and will be returned without a grade. This means that a zero will be recorded in the grade book.

4. You will be required to have at least (you may have more) three references from two different types of sources. For example, you could have two internet sources and one encyclopedia reference.

● Drafting Your Paper

1. When you feel that you have enough facts to write a rough draft, go for it! The first paragraph of the paper will serve as the introduction. The introduction states what you will talk about in the paper and will include your thesis statement. The last paragraph of the paper will serve as the conclusion. The conclusion is a wrap-up of what you have discussed and your opinion of the event without using first and second person pronouns. Do not include any new information in your conclusion!

2. Do not use any 1 st or 2 nd person pronouns

First person: I, me, my, myself

Second person: you, your, yours

Permissible pronouns include the 3rd person pronouns: he, she it, they, them, his, her, their, theirs

3. Do not use contractions Examples include: Let’s should be let us; Isn’t should be is not; Aren’t should be are not

4  Typing Your Paper

1. Using File – Page Setup, change top, bottom, left, and right margins to 1” then click the OK button. 2. The paper should be double-spaced and typed in Times New Roman font with a type size of 12 without any extra space in between paragraphs. 3. Do not type a title at the top of the first page. A title page will already be included with your paper. (See instructions for Typing the Title Page.) 4. Do not include a header or footer. 5. Indent at the start of each new paragraph by hitting tab once. This tab should be set at 1/2 inch.

6. You must use one quote. This quote must be 2 or less sentences and must be explained. Quotes must also be cited correctly.

7. The required length of the paper is 2 to 3 pages. Any paper shorter than 2 pages or longer than 3 pages will receive point deductions. 8. Two copies of your paper are required. One copy is needed for your English teacher and one is needed for your history teacher. 9. Papers handed in one day late will receive a twenty-five percent reduction. Papers received two days late will receive a fifty percent reduction. No papers will be accepted after February 19th.

10. Any student who cannot print papers at home has the option of bringing their paper on a flash drive and printing it at school. This must be done at least one day before the due date. We encourage students to type papers using the Google drive, but paper copies are required for any classes with Mrs. Brooks or Mr. Roberts.

11. Do not e-mail teachers the research paper. Use a flash drive if you need to print at school. Miss Fry will allow students to turn in their papers on Google Classroom. Do not share the paper. You can only turn it in through Classroom.

 Typing Your Title Page . Page one of this packet is a sample of a title page. Your title page must look like the front page of this packet with the following information: . Paper’s title-24 -36 point font—you may use word art for this . Picture . Your name-18 point font . The due date-18 point font . Be sure to center this information both vertically and horizontally. The title should be first, then the picture and finally the name and date.

 Typing Your Works Cited Directions for the Works Cited will be given in English classes.

5  Due Dates 1. CATUMs: February 8th 2. Rough Draft: February 13th 3. Final Draft: February 21st

 Final Drafts 1. Final drafts should include a title page, paper, and works cited in that order. If you have extra credit for history, it is placed between the paper and the work cited for the history paper only.

2. Papers handed in one day late will receive a reduction of twenty-five percent. Papers handed in two days late will receive a reduction of fifty percent. Papers handed in after this will not receive credit. If you are sick or not in school for any reason on the due date, the paper is expected to be at school the hour it is due to receive full credit.

3. The paper is due at the start of class. Papers should be printed, copied, stapled, and ready to hand in when class begins. It is not the job of the office staff or the teacher to make your photocopies.

4. Staple final reports in the top left hand corner. No cover or folder of any kind will be accepted.

● Common Mistakes

. NOT FOLLOWING DIRECTIONS EXPLICITLY

. Waiting until the last minute

. Forgetting to make two copies of the final draft

. Not taking enough notes to write a paper that meets the length requirements

. Forgetting to write down sources on the Works Cited worksheet

● History Class Extra Credit 1. Include an extra page after the end of the research paper but before the Works Cited page

2. This page needs a graph, chart, map, timeline, extra photos, political cartoon, etc.

3. Extra credit points received  1 point if the item is cut and pasted to the page  2 points if the item is drawn or created by you then pasted to the page  3 points if you write about the graph, chart, map, timeline, extra photos, or political cartoon in a paragraph of your report

6 THE RESEARCH PROCESS NOTE TAKING

The most efficient method of researching is to use CATUMs. You will be expected to know how to do this at the high school. Follow these directions for taking notes using CATUMs.

1. Do not use any Wiki sites or Blogs while researching and note taking.

2. Books from the IRC may not be checked out during the research paper.

3. Write all of your notes on CATUMs.

4. Take notes in your own words. This is really important!

5. Make your notes as brief as possible. You must use incomplete sentences. Abbreviations and bullets are fine to use, but be sure you can understand them later!

6. Make your notes meaningful.

7. You will need a minimum of 3 CATUMs.

8. Include on CATUM:

o C: Content- Any details from the source you intend to use in your paper . Bullet format o A: Authority- Document’s level of credibility . Who is the author?  Credentials, or the title, such as professor, doctor, specialist, etc. or degree, such as MA, MS, MD, PhD, etc. show that the author is recognized as an authority in the field  Institutional affiliation means what school, business, department, professional organization, etc. the author belongs to. If the author belongs to one or any of these institutions, there should be a link to said institution's site. . Is it reliable and free from errors? . Is there a bibliography? . What is the purpose of the document? . Is there inherent bias underlying the information?  Is the author trying to change your opinion?  Is the source stating the author’s opinion? o T: Timeliness- Currency of the source . Is it outdated? . When was the source updated? . When was the information gathered? . Is it relevant? o U: Usefulness- Explain how you’ll use the information in your paper o M: MLA- Take the information from your Works Cited Chart to put in the actual format for your Works Cited Page.

7 9. As you take notes, be sure you write down all needed information on the work cited chart.

PLAGIARISM: The word plagiarism comes from the Latin word plagiarize and is defined as “the false assumption of authorship; the wrongful act of taking the product of another person’s mind, and presenting it as one’s own.” To plagiarize is to give the impression that you have written something that you have, in fact, borrowed from someone else. The most blatant form of plagiarism is to repeat someone else’s sentences, word for word. Plagiarism is usually unintentional, but be very careful that you do not plagiarize.

8 In-Text Citation

When completing parenthetical citation (paraphrasing information), a new citation is required when switching to a new source. If all information comes from one source, only one citation is necessary.

Example: Before she passed, Mumtaz Mahal requested Shah Johan make four promises to her. They included marrying again, visiting her tomb, treating their children with kindness, and finally building something known as the Taj Mahal (“A Tribute to Beauty”). Emperor Shah Johan built what is known as the “Crown Jewel” or the Taj Mahal for his wife whose name means the “Crown of the Palace” (Wilkinson 24)

There are many ways to use in-text citation. Below are the ways it may be used in the research paper.

1. Introduce the author and cite the page number a. Wordsworth stated that Romantic poetry was marked by a “spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings” (263). 2. Without the introduction of the author a. Romantic poetry is characterized by the “spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings” (Wordsworth 263). 3. If there is no known author, use the shortened title in quotations. a. We see so many global warming hotspots in North America likely because this region has “more readily accessible climatic data and more comprehensive programs to monitor and study environmental change…” (“Impact of Global Warming” 6). 4. If there are multiple authors, list all names. a. Smith, Yang, and Moore argue that tougher gun control is not needed in the United States (76). b. The authors state “Tighter gun control in the United States erodes Second Amendment rights” (Smith, Yang, and Moore 76). 5. For internet sources, use the first item on the Works Cited. No page number or paragraph number is necessary. Do not use URLs unless it is a signal phrase. a. Mumtaz Mahal made Shah Johan make four promises to her (“A Tribute to Beauty”). 6. If there are multiple sources for one piece of information, separate the citations with a smei-colon. a. …as has been discussed elsewhere (Burke 3; Dewey 21).

Formatting Quotations

1. Periods, commas, and semi-colons will follow the citation. Question marks and exclamation points will be within the quotes, unless they are part of YOUR writing. 2. If adding words to a quote, use brackets. a. Jan Harold Brunvand, in an essay on urban legends, states, “some individuals [who retell urban legends] make a point of learning every rumor or tale” (78). 3. If omitting words from quotes, use ellipsis marks.

9 a. Jan Harold Brunvand, in an essay on urban legends, states, “some individuals make a point of learning every rumor or tale … and in a short time a lively exchange of details occurs” (78).

When using quotes, use the I.C.E. method: Introduce, Cite, and Explain. This method will allow for all necessary parts of a direct quote. It can be done in many ways.

1. The introduction of a quote could be the where and when of the quote. It should give the context of the quote. 2. Following the quote, the author must be given credit by correct citation. 3. Finally, the quote must be EXPLAINED in detail. Why is this quote important to your point? What information does it give, and how does that apply to your writing?

Example: When Day realizes the man hiding him and Tess knows who Day is, he thinks, “Like other people in our sector who have realized who I am and helped me in the past, he doesn’t exactly disapprove of the trouble I cause for the Republic” (Lu 57). In this statement, Day admits that people know who he is and still want to help him because they disagree with the Republic. Lu always shows that Day can gain the support of the people through his actions.

Works Cited

The Works Cited page is a separate page that follows the report. The Works Cited page should have the following:

1. Begin your Works Cited on a separate page.

2. You may NOT cite a Wiki site or a Blog.

3. The page should be set for double spacing.

4. All entries should be typed in Times New Roman font in 12 point.

5. The title, Works Cited, should be centered at the top of the page in 12 point. It is not underlined, in quotes, or in bold or italics font.

6. After the title, enter once before beginning entries.

7. The entries should be in alphabetical order by the first word of the entry. This may be an author’s name, a book title, or web site title.

8. Each line is double spaced. NO EXTRA SPACING IS NEEDED.

9. The first line of the entry begins at the left margin. Indent the second line and any subsequent lines 5 spaces or one half inch (tab).

10. At least three entries must be included.

11. Do not number the entries.

12. Follow the rules on the “Works Cited” examples found in this packet.

13. Abbreviate the names of all months except May, June and July. Use a period after the abbreviation.

14. The Works Cited page will be the last page of your report and is due the same day as the rest of your report.

15. List page numbers efficiently by changing 250-260 to 250-60. Leave out the hundreds on the following number.

16. Capitalize each word in a title, but do not capitalize articles (a, an, the), prepositions, or conjunctions unless they are the first word in the title or follow a colon (:).

17. Do not list titles (Dr., Sir, Saint, Etc.) or degrees (PhD, MA, DDS, etc.). Include suffixes like “Jr.” or “II.”

11 FORMAT FOR WORKS CITED

Book with One Author

Author’s Last Name, First Name. Title of Book. Publication City: Publisher’s Name,

Year of Publication. Medium of Publication.

James, William. Love and Other Passions. New York: Random House,

1996. Print.

Book with Two Authors or Three Authors

First Author’s Last Name, First Name, and Second Author’s First Name Last Name. Title of

Book. Publication City: Publisher’s Name, Year of Publication. Medium of Publication.

Thompson, John, and Martin Cohen. The Truth in Politics. New York: Oxford UP, 1975. Print.

Thompson, John, Martin Cohen, and Will Geers. The Truth in Politics. New York: Oxford UP,

1975. Print. Book with No Author Listed

Title of Book. Publication City: Publisher’s Name, Year of Publication. Medium of Publication.

A Guide to Our Federal Lands. Washington: National Geographic Society, 1984. Print.

Book with One Editor

Last Name of Editor, First Name, ed. Title of Book. Publication City: Publisher’s Name, Year

of Publication. Medium of Publication.

Bloom, Harold, ed. Langston Hughes. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1989. Print.

Article from a Newspaper

Author’s Last Name, First Name. “Title of Article.” Title of Newspaper [City (if not a part of

newspaper title)] Day Month year, edition (if given): Section Page. Medium of

Publication.

12 Opitz, Em. “Earthquakes Hit the Midwest.” Battle Lake News 4 July 1997: A 13. Print.

Article from a Magazine

Author’s Last Name, First Name. “Title of Article.” Title of Magazine Day Month Year: Page

Numbers. Medium of Publication.

Severson, Maya. “Autumnal Colors in the Rain.” Newsweek 15 Oct. 1996: 74. Print.

Encyclopedia with an Author

Author’s Last Name, First Name. “Title of Article.” Title of Encyclopedia. Year. Medium of

Publication.

Smith, Henry. “Native Americans." World Book Encyclopedia. 1999. Print.

Encyclopedia with No Author

“Title of Article. “Title of Encyclopedia. Year. Medium of Publication.

“Giraffe.” Grolier Electronic Publishing. 1998. Internet.

Internet

Citing an Entire Website

Author/Editor’s Last Name, First Name (if available). Name of Site. Version number. Name of

Institution/Organization Affiliated with Site (sponsor or publisher), Date of Publication

(if available). Medium. Day Month Year of Access.

The Purdue OWL Family of Sites. The Writing Lab and OWL at Purdue and Purdue U, 2008.

Web. 23 Apr. 2008. < https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/owlprint/747/>

Document within an Information Database

Last Name of Author, First Name (if given). “Title of Article.” Name of Journal Volume.

Issue (Year): Page Numbers. Database. Medium. Day Month Year of Access.

Langhamer, Claire. “Love and Courtship in Mid-Twentieth-Century England.” Historical

Journal 50.1 (2007): 173-96. Proquest. Web. 27 May 2009. 13

Document in an Online Scholarly Journal

Last Name of Author, First Name (if given). “Title of Article.” Title of Publication

Volume.Issue (Year): Page Numbers. Medium. Day Month Year of Access.

Dolby, Nadine. “Research in Youth Culture and Policy: Current Conditions and Future

Directions.” Social Work and Society: The International Online-Only Journal 6.2 (2008):

n. pag. Web. 20 May 2009. < http://www.socwork.net/sws/article/view/60/362>

Online Magazine or Newspaper Article

Last Name, First Name of Author (if given). “Title of Article.” Title of Web Magazine. Publisher

Name, Day Month Year of Publication. Medium. Day Month Year of Access.

Bernstein, Mark. “10 Tips on Writing the Living Web.” A List Apart: For People Who Make

Websites. A List Apart Mag., 16 Aug. 2002. Web. 4 May 2009.

Other Sources

Personal Interview

Last Name, First Name of Person Interviewed. Type of Interview. (Personal interview,

Telephone interview, E-mail interview etc.) Day Month Year of Interview.

Diamond, Carol. Personal interview. 3 Feb. 2011.

14 Works Cited Name:______

(Chart for Listing Sources) Research Topic:______

Books Author/Editor’s Name Title of Book Publication City Publishing Company Year Medium

Encyclopedias/Newspapers/Magazines Author’s Name Title of Article Title of Encyclopedia/Newspaper/Magazine (May not be one)

City Day, Month, Year Pages Medium

15 Internet Sites Author/Editor’s Name Name of Site Title of Article Title of Journal/Publication and Volume

Name of Institution/ Date of Medium Date of URL Organization/Database Publication Access