1. the Chesapeake Gentry, Above All, Sought

Chapter 3 Quiz B

1. The Chesapeake gentry, above all, sought: a. wealth in order to return to England. b. respect and independence. c. titles of nobility. d. social relations rooted in morality and equality. 2. What was the most lucrative New World product by the later 1600s? a. silver b. sugar c. tobacco d. rice 3. One of the differences between South Carolina and the Chesapeake was that: a. the Chesapeake had a black majority. b. Virginia and Maryland were Catholic; South Carolina was Protestant. c. wealthy South Carolina planters grew rice; the Chesapeake gentry were primarily tobacco growers and brokers. d. South Carolinians enjoyed peaceful relations with Indians.

4. The phase of the enslavement process after slaves had been procured along the African coast and before they were sold in the Americas involved a long sea voyage across the Atlantic known as a. the starving time b. the middle passage c. triangle trade d. seasoning

5. Southern laws were based primarily around a. tobacco production b. English common law c. Slavery d. mercantilism

6. What king of relationship did Powhatan want to have with the English? a. He wanted to be their ruler b. One based on mutual respect and toleration c. no relationship; he wanted them to leave or he would make war on them d. he just wanted to get guns and swords from them

7. How did the Virginians justify making war on the Indians a. The Indians slaughtered them first b. The Indians were savages without rights c. The Indians were selfish d. Survival of the fittest 8. According to Oglethorpe how would Georgia benefit England? a. They could get the kinds of materials they were importing from places like China and India but much more cheaply b. Georgia would provide a buffer between the English and the Spanish in the New World. c. it would help in the spread of Christianity d. all of the above

9. At first Maryland was a ______colony but later it was converted into a ______colony. a. royal, charter b. proprietary, royal c. charter, proprietary d. proprietary, charter

10. Which was not a reason for Bacon’s Rebellion? a. slave insurrections b. Indian violence c. rich vs. poor d. Bacon was excluded from the governor’s inner circle 11. The primary objective of mercantilism was: a. to promote free trade policies. b. to develop industries in the Americas. c. to build national self-sufficiency through a favorable balance of trade. d. to encourage development of a textile industry in Europe. 12. What accounts for the survival of the Virginia colony? a. Its early settlers were willing to work hard to establish a viable settlement. b. Initially, incentives brought immigrants; eventually, stability came through the political power of planters and improved conditions for the less powerful. c. The local confederacy of Indian tribes allied itself with the English in order to take advantage of trade; in return, they taught the first settlers how to cultivate corn. d. The relatively healthful natural and human environment insured a high birth rate and low death rate in the early years. 13. Which of the following most characterized the Virginia colony in its first two decades? a. the profitability of the Virginia company due to the tobacco boom b. political stability due to the representative assembly c. Indian wars d. immigrant deaths 14. Which of the following is the best description of a “headright”? a. the right of a free settler or sponsor of an immigrant to receive 50 acres per person or head b. the recognized right of the gentry class to rule c. the right, according to European diplomacy, of the first nation to colonize a river valley to claim all adjacent lands up to its headwaters d. the absolute property right, according to English law, of a head of household over his wife, children, servants and slaves 15. Which of the following is not an accurate description of immigrants to Virginia during the tobacco boom of the 1620s? a. They were mostly young single males. b. Most came as indentured servants. c. Nearly all were recruited from peasant villages where they had lived all their lives. d. They died relatively soon after coming. 16. Maryland granted religious toleration because: a. its Catholic founders wished to provide a haven for Catholics. b. its Puritan founders wished to break the power of the Anglican state church. c. its merchant founders needed a gimmick to lure settlers away from Virginia. d. its idealistic founders sought a virtuous and egalitarian utopia for the worthy poor of all faiths. 17. What created conditions of unrest in the Chesapeake that led to local rebellions? a. religious persecution b. a sharp rise in the death rate c. political oppression d. diminishing economic opportunity 18. The Navigation Acts: a. were procedures instituted by the King when he chartered the Virginia Company. b. were reforms prescribed by the Virginia Company to encourage diversification of the economy. c. were regulations decreed by Massachusetts to regulate shipping safety. d. were laws passed to give English merchants a monopoly on the colonial trade. 19. All of the following triggered the revolt led by Nathaniel Bacon EXCEPT: a. clashes between Indians and whites. b. diminishing economic opportunities for freed servants and small planters. c. popular opposition to the restoration of the monarchy. d. a contest for power between older and newer elites. 20. While the rising demand for slaves in the Chesapeake played some role in the large growth of the Atlantic slave trade between the mid-1500s and the late 1800s, it was the spread of plantation economies in other places that spurred and sustained the traffic in human beings. Which places?

a. the Caribbean and South America b. South Africa and India c. The Middle East and North Africa d. British North America