Third/Fourth Quarter Science Planning

Third/Fourth Quarter Science Planning Fourth Grade Earth Science: Earth in the Universe

Essential Standards 4.E.1 Explain the causes of day and night and phases of the moon. 4.E.1.1 Explain the cause of day and night based on the rotation of Earth on its axis. 4.E.1.2 Explain the monthly changes in the appearance of the moon, based on the moon’s orbit around the Earth.

What does the standard mean?  4.E.1 Students must understand how the earth rotates in relationship to the sun and the moon, including the time frame for a complete rotation.  4.E.2 The phases of the moon based on its rotation around Earth.

What do you want students to know and be able to do to achieve mastery?  4.E.1 Describe the rotation of the earth to cause day/night.  4.E.2 Understand the time frame for the moon to complete a rotation. Understand the orbits of the Earth and moon in relationship to the sun. Understand the pattern of the sun, gravity and its effect on orbits/rotations. Students need to explain using models, drawings, and other visuals, have background knowledge of angles, shadows, and cycles, and understand different hemispheres do not have day/night at the same time.

What misconceptions might students have about day and night or the moon?  Sun rotates around earth/moon rotates around the sun  Earth is stationary  Students have difficulty visualizing movement within the solar system  Moon appears to shrink  Earth is flat  When its day here, its day everywhere  Sun and moon rise/fall  Moon is a light source (glows)  Something blocks the moon (new moon)  Students don’t understand how the moon and sun can be out at the same time Vocabulary Essential Vocabulary: rotation, revolution, axis, eclipse, orbit, gravity, waxing, waning, lunar cycle, phases

Activities & Games:  Linda Hoyt K.I.D. Model in Science Journal (Key Word, Important Info and Draw to Remember) http://devotedtovocabulary.files.wordpress.com/2012/10/kid-vocabulary.pdf  Study Jams: www.studyjams.com  Songs: http://www.songsforteaching.com  Interactive Flashcards: http://www.brainflips.com/home.html  Create Online Multimedia Posters: www.glogsteredu.com  Review Games: http://jc-schools.net/tutorials/PPT-games/

Technology Resources  Lunar Phase Simulator: http://astro.unl.edu/naap/lps/animations/lps.swf Click and drag the moon to show the different phases of the moon. Demonstrates the relationship between the earth sun and moon.  Lunar Phases Interactive: http://highered.mcgraw- hill.com/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi? it=swf::800::600::/sites/dl/free/0072482621/78778/Lunar_Nav.swf::Lunar %20Phases%20Interactivehttp://highered.mcgraw- hill.com/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi? it=swf::800::600::/sites/dl/free/0072482621/7877  Brain POP: www.brainpop.com Search Moon Phases to find a video about the phases of the moon.  Study Jams: http://studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/jams/science/solar- system/moon.htm (basic moon phases)  Harcourt School Phases of the Moon: www.harcourtschool.com/activity/moon_phases  Kids Astronomy: www.kidsastronomy.com  Aegom Resources: SG5-017_Seasons_Earth’s_Tilt_Rotation SG6-009_Moon_Phases  Almanac 4 Kids: http://www.almanac4kids.com/sky/thismonth.php Website shows moon phases for the past month and is great for journaling phases of the moon.  Lunar Cycle Game: http://sciencenetlinks.com/interactives/moon/moon_challenge/moon_challeng e.html  Moon Journal Lesson Plan: https://planetariumweb.madison.k12.wi.us/files/planetarium/observing_the_m oon.pdf  Moon Quiz: http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/kids/games/puzzlesquizzes/quizyournoodle- the-moon/  Video about how the moon determines the tides: http://www.brainpop.com/science/earthsystem/tides/preview.weml  Video clip from the movie Despicable Me: http://www.youtube.com/watch? v=DsSiMIYiaUc Main character shrinks the moon and shows how the moon affects the tides.

Videos  The Universe Series - Phases of the Moon http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nXseTWTZlks  Discovery Education  Full video is called “A Spin Around the Solar System-Moon Dance” o Look at the video segment called Moon Phases  Phases of the Moon o SmartNotebook file with interactive video links  Cycles in the Sky o Pictures and video explain both day and night and the phases of the moon. Student guide includes six printable sheets. (Only available to schools that have purchased a higher level of Discovery Education.) http://app.discoveryeducation.com/search?Ntt=cycle+in+the+sky  A Closer Look at Space: The Moon  Study Jams: A Day on Earth (causes of day and night) http://studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/jams/science/solar-system/day-on- earth.htm  Fact Monster: Moon Phases http://www.factmonster.com/ipka/A0875447.html DPI Science Unit DPI Third Grade Science Unit: Earth, Moon, and Stars Unit http://scnces.ncdpi.wikispaces.net/2004+SCOS+Resources+K-8 Lessons:  Lesson 4: Moon Observations (p. 14)  Lesson 5: Sun, Moon, and Earth Dance (p. 17) -Understanding how the sun, moon, and Earth move  Lesson 6: Lunar Phases (p. 19) -Spray Paint (Glow in the Dark) -Paint half the shirt in glow in the dark paint -Could also use styrofoam balls or golf balls -Put styrofoam balls on sticks so that students aren’t holding balls  Lesson 8: Sun and Moon Size (p. 24) -Could draw the sun, moon, and earth to scale using different size balls -Use the lesson and then relate to scale  Lesson 10: Moon Box (p. 29) -Students create a Moon Box to show the different phases of the moon. -Could use this as a final project to explain moon phases.  Multiple Choice Test Questions (p. 49 – 52) -Use select multiple choice test questions for a final assessment.

Science Resources  MacMillan McGraw Hill Science Textbook: Chapter 7 Lesson 6  Astronomy Magazine: http://www.astronomy.com/ (shows moon phases)  World Moon Project: www. worldmoonproject.org  Moon Phase Demonstration from NASA: http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/education/index.cfm?page=123  Explanation of moon phases in kid language: http://www.factmonster.com/ipka/A0875447.html  Moon Phases Calendar: http://www.moonconnection.com/moon_phases_calendar.phtml

Integration Literacy:  Poetry: http://www.poemhunter.com/poems/moon/ http://home.hiwaay.net/~krcool/Astro/moon/moonwords/moonpoems.htm  Literature: Sun Up, Sun Down: The Story of Day and Night by Jacqui Bailey (Level 3.6) The Magic School Bus Sees Stars by Nancy White Why Does the Moon Change Shape by Issac Asimov (Level 4.9) The Moon by Seymour Simon (Level 4.1) The Lunar Cycle Phases of the Moon by Genevieve O’Mara (Level 4.0) Postcards from Pluto by Loreen Leedy Motion in Space by Molly Blaisdell (Reading Essentials Exploring Science) The Moon Book by Gail Gibbons The Solar System by Carmen Bredeson (Read About Science) Phases of the Moon by Gillia M Olson Stargazers by Gail Gibbons Seeing Stars by Rosanna Hansen (Hello Reader Science) The Earth in Space by Peter Riley (Straightforward Science) Constellations by Paul P. Sipiera Can You Hear a Shout in Space? by Melvin and Gilda Berger Updated Pluto Dwarf Planet by Christina Taylor-Butler (Scholastic News Nonfiction Readers) Night Sky by Carole Stott (Eyewitness Explorers) Comets, Meteors, and Asteroids by Seymour Simon Day Sky by Molly Blaisdell (Reading Essentials Discovering Science)  Comprehension Toolkit: The Eagle Has Landed Poem: The Moon

Writing:  Day/Night Journal of sunrise and sunset  Writing Prompt: How would life be different if we were either in constant darkness (night) or light (day)?  Write about an imaginary trip to the moon.  Write an opinion piece about whether you think astronauts should return to the moon.  Write an informative/explanatory text to explain the reason we have day and night.  Use digital tools to create a book showing moon phases and write information to explain images.  Write an information text explaining why the moon appears different over the course of a month. Math:  Phases of the moon and the angle degrees for each phase: http://www.moonphases.info/images/moon-phases-diagram.gif  Integrating science (moon phases) with math: http://classroom.jc-schools.net/coleytech/units/planets/planetsunit.htm Website includes live links to many resources and full lesson plans.  Book: Math on the Moon by Erin Sullivan  Compare the length of days on Earth to the length of a day on different planets: http://www.universetoday.com/84663/which-planet-has-the-longest-day/ Have students use the information on the chart to answer questions such as: How many days pass on Uranus in five Earth days? What fraction of a Mars day is a Jupiter day? (You may want to have students convert all times into minutes before they begin their calculations.)  Moon Weight vs. Earth Weight: Objects on the moon are about 6 times lighter than they would be on the earth. Discuss advantages and disadvantages of being “weightless”. Have students estimate how much they would weigh on the moon. Give them other objects to convert to “Moon Weight” (50 pound dog, 2 ton truck, 36 ounce kitten, etc). Also convert from moon to earth weight (3000 pound moon rock, 200 pound moon buggy, etc).  Telling Time by the Light of the Moon: http://www.discoveryeducation.com/teachers/free-lesson-plans/telling-time- by-the-light-of-the-moon.cfm

Social Studies:  Our State Magazine (January 2013) Article: To the Moon from Chapel Hill Magazine article describes how astronauts were trained at Morehead Planetarium for the flight to the moon. It includes information about how they learned to read the stars when the systems failed. www.moreheadplanetarium.org  NASA Spinoffs: http://spinoff.nasa.gov/index.html Integrate into the study of revolutionary thinking (ELA Unit 4) by developing a series of lessons on space spinoffs. These lessons teach about how revolutionary thinking leads to advanced technology in our daily lives. The Case For Space, Why Do We Explore Space?, NASA Spinoffs ACE Program  Ben Franklin-Poor Richard’s Almanac: Charts of the moon phases Old Farmer’s Almanac Web: www.almanac.com Compare the information in the almanac to actual data of moon phases. Discuss the methods by which the information was obtained. Art:  Students could create a lunar chart with the phases of the moon using various media. Example: http://www.etsy.com/listing/116716594/moon-faces-11x14? ga_search_query=moon&ga_search_type=user_shop_ttt_id_5376867  Students could work with a partner to create a model of the moon and earth and use these models to demonstrate the rotation of the moon around the earth. http://www.robives.com/blog/moon#.UQl85xG9KSM

Final Products Pre- Science Formative Assessment Probes from Uncovering Student Ideas in Assessments Science: 1) “Moonlight” Assessment Probe 2) “Objects in the Sky” Assessment Probe

Instructional 1) Lunar calendar (draw and label lunar phases) Activities 2) Flip book illustrating moon phases (label what we see and what is actually happening) 3) Oreo cookie moon phases 4) Golf ball moon phases (handout) Rubric: http://rubistar.4teachers.org/index.php? screen=ShowRubric&rubric_id=1541112&

Post Name ______Date ______Assessment Moon Unit Assessment

Directions: For 1-4, circle the best answer.

1. About how long does it take the Moon to go through one lunar cycle or make one trip around the Earth? a. month c. day b. year d. week

2. What is the name of the moon phase when we cannot see any of the lit half of the Moon? a. New Moon c. Full Moon b. 1st Quarter d. 3rd Quarter 3. What is the phase of the Moon called when you can only see a sliver of the lit part of the Moon? a. new c. full b. crescent d. gibbous

4. What is the phase of the Moon called when you can almost see the whole lit part of the Moon? a. full c. crescent b. new d. gibbous

For 5-9, write your answers in complete sentences. Support your answers with details.

5. How are we able to see the Moon at night?

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6. How much of the Moon is lit at all times by the Sun?

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7. As the Moon revolves around the Earth, what is Earth revolving around?

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8. What are the phases called when the lit part of the Moon we see is increasing?

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______9. What are the phases called when the lit part of the Moon we see is decreasing?

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For 10, take the phases of the Moon that are in the word bank and put them in order on the lines.

10. Starting with the New Moon, put all the lunar phases in order until you get back to the New Moon.

New Moon Waxing Gibbous Waning Crescent 3rd Quarter

Waxing First Quarter Full Moon Waning Gibbous Crescent

1. New Moon 2. ______3. ______4. ______5. ______6. ______7. ______8. ______

11. Write a paragraph explaining why the appearance of the Moon is constantly changing? Give as much detail as you can to support your answer.

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12. What is the difference between a lunar and solar eclipse? Give details when finding the differences.

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