USII.7Abc Test Review Check Your Answers!

INB p. ____ WWII USII.7abc Test Review—Check your Answers! USII.7a: Causes of WWII:

Political instability and economic devastation in Europe resulting from World War One. There was much worldwide depression, a high war debt owed by Germany, high inflation, and massive unemployment.

Fascism is a political philosophy in which total power is given to a dictator and individual freedoms are denied. Fascist dictators included: Hitler (Germany), Mussolini (Italy), and Tojo (Japan). These dictators led the countries that became known as the Axis Powers.

The Allies: Democratic nations were: U.S.A. (Franklin D. Roosevelt and later Harry S. Truman), Great Britain (Churchill), France, and Canada. The Soviet Union (Stalin), joined the Allies after being invaded by Germany.

Gradual change in American policy from neutrality to involvement: *Isolationism (Great Depression legacy of World War I) *Economic aid to Allies (Lend-lease) *Direct involvement (Attack on Pearl Harbor)

USII.7a: War in the Pacific: Rising tension developed between the U. S. and Japan because of Japanese aggression in East Asia. (when Japan invaded into Manchuria, China, the U.S. cut off supplies to Japan such as rubber and oil) On December 7, 1941, Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, Hawaii without warning. The U.S. then declared war on Japan, and Germany declared war on the United States.

USII.7b: Major events and turning points of World War II: *Germany invaded Poland, setting off war in Europe. The Soviet Union also invaded Poland and the Baltic nations (Baltic nations included Latvia, Lithuania and Eastonia-these are small nations above Poland, just west of the Soviet Union) *Germany invaded France, capturing Paris. *Germany bombed London, and the Battle of Britain began. *Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. *The United States was victorious over Japan in the Battle of Midway. This victory was a turning point of the war in the Pacific. *Germany invaded the Soviet Union, but they (the Soviet Union) defeated Germany at Stalingrad, marking the turning point of the war in Eastern Europe. *American and Allied troops landed in Normandy, France on D-Day (June 6, 1944) to begin the liberation of Western Europe. *Japan was forced to surrender when the United States dropped 2 atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, ending World War II. INB p. _____ WWII : USII.7abc Review continued-

USII.7b: The Holocaust:

*The Holocaust was a systematic attempt to rid Europe of all Jews. It put into practice anti- Semitism, a hatred for Jews. Adolf Hitler believed that the Aryan race was supreme over all races. Tactics used to discriminate against Jews included: *Boycott of Jewish stores *Threats *Segregation *Imprisonment and killing of Jews and others in Concentration camps.

*At the end of the war, Allied forces liberated (set free) Jews and others from Concentration Camps.

USII.7c: WWII on the Home Front:

*American involvement in WWII brought an end to the Great Depression. Factories and workers were needed to produce goods to win the war. America went from a consumer- producing country to a war materials producing country. Examples include: *nylon stocking to parachutes. *tennis shoes to combat boots. *automobiles to trucks and tanks.

*Thousands of American women took jobs in defense plants (factories) during the war. (Rosie the Riveter).

*Americans at home supported the war by conserving and rationing resources. Red tickets (also called Red Books) were used to purchase goods such as meat, butter, and cheese.

*The need for workers temporarily broke down some racial barriers (such as hiring in defense plants), although discrimination against African Americans continued.

USII.7c: Japanese Americans:

*While many Japanese Americans served in the Armed forces (the military), others were treated with distrust and prejudice, and many were forced into Internment Camps after the attack on Pearl Harbor.