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Name ______Date ______AP Psychology Ch 9-Thinking and Language
Use the terms from Language Structure (semantics, syntax, phonemes, morphemes ) to answer the following questions: 1. In the English language, adjectives are typically placed before nouns as in “green car.” This illustrates an English language rule of______(Syntax)_____
2. Native German speakers who pronounce the English word “this” as “dis” are demonstrating their difficulty with an English ______.
3.When you add s to the word apple you are referring to more than one apple. This illustrates an English language rule of ______.
4. The English language has approximately ______phonemes.
5. Phonemes are the basic units of ______in language.
6. Complete the following: -ed is to sh as ______is to ______.
7. The word “predates” contains ______phonemes and ______morphemes.
8. Syntax refers to the rules for ______words into sentences.
9. The rules most directly involved in permitting a person to derive meaning from words and sentences are rules of ______.
10. The sentence “Blue jeans wear false smiles” has correct ______but incorrect ______.
Use the different Stages of Language to answer the following examples:
11. Telegraphic speech is typical of the ______stage.
12. Vocal sounds that are not included in one's native language first begin to disappear from usage during the ______stage of language development.
13. Children first demonstrate a rudimentary understanding of syntax during the ______stage.
14. The child who says “Milk gone” is engaging in ______. This type of utterance demonstrates that children are actively experimenting with the rules of ______.
15. The two-word stage of language development typically begins at the age of ______months.
16. Which of the following is NOT true of babbling? (circle the correct answer) A. It is imitation of adult speech. B. t is the same in all cultures. C. It typically occurs from about age 4 months to 1 year. D. Babbling increasingly comes to resemble a particular language.
17. Would a listener hearing a recording of Japanese, Spanish, and North American children babbling be able to tell them apart? (Y or N) 1 Use the correct theorist of language in the following examples:
18. Which language theorist would have been most likely to emphasize that children master the rule for forming the past tense of regular verbs like “push” before they learn common past tense constructions of irregular verbs like “go”? ______
19. The fact that children speak with an accent that is similar to that of their peers is best explained by ______theory of language acquisition.
20. Which of the following is NOT cited by Chomsky as evidence that language acquisition cannot be explained by learning alone? A. Children master the complicated rules of grammar with ease. B. Children create sentences they have never heard. C. Children make the kinds of mistakes that suggest they are attempting to apply rules of grammar. D. Children raised in isolation from language spontaneously begin speaking words.
21. Which theorist would say "Humans have a biological predisposition to acquire language."? ______.
Answer the following questions pertaining to the Damage to the Brain and Language;
22. Damage to ______will usually cause a person to lose the ability to comprehend language.
23. Due to an automobile accident, Jenny suffered damage to her cerebral cortex in Broca's area. Jenny is most likely to experience ______
24. In a soccer game, Laura suffered damage to her left temporal lobe. As a result, she is unable to speak in meaningful sentences. The damage affected ______
25. In which of the following parts of the brain would a lesion most likely result in aphasia? ______
Answer the following on other areas of language:
26. Deaf children who are not exposed to sign language until they are teenagers ______(eventually/never/usually) become as fluent as those who learned to sign at a younger age.
27. Several studies have indicated that the generic pronoun “he” tends for both children and adults to trigger images of ______but not ______.
28. Exposure to language during a critical period is instrumental in establishing a child's ______
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