Supplemental Table 13. Studies Reporting the Prevalence of Visual Disorders in Multiple

Supplemental Table 13. Studies reporting the prevalence of visual disorders in multiple sclerosis

Study Region/ Source/ Prevalence Diagnostic Diagnostic Crude Overall Age- Crude Prevalence Standardized Quality (Year) Sub-Region Population Day/Period Criteria: MS/ Criteria: visual Prevalence Standardized (95%CI) Prevalence Score Established By disorders/ (95%CI) Overall (95%CI) Established By Prevalence (95%CI) Males Females Males Females

Ghadiria Canada/ Incident MS 1991-1994 Cases identified Interviewer Vision problems NR NR NR NR NR 4/9 n51 Quebec cases from MS administered after diagnosis (2001) identified Association, questionnaire of MS from MS neurologists/GP 13/200 = 6.5% Association referrals, of Montreal, newspaper/radio neurologists advertisement. /GP Criteria not referrals, specified newspaper/r adio advertiseme nt Horton17 Canada/ Participants Oct 2008-Oct McDonald 2005; The Self- Cataracts NR NR NR NR NR 5/8 (2010) Manitoba recruited 2009 diagnosed by Administered 24/404 = 5.94% United States/ from 2 MS neurologist at Comorbidity By Ohio clinics MS clinic Questionnaire questionnaire (validated 3/404 = 0.74% questionnaire). by medical Validated by records medical records data. Glaucoma 8/404 = 1.98% by questionnaire 5/404 = 1.24% by medical records Marrie24 United States NARCOMS October 2006 Self-report Online/Mailed Cataracts Cataracts NR NR NR NR 5/9 a(2008) Registry Survey 1,068/8,819 = 10.3% (9.7- population 12.1% 10.9) Marrie34 (volunteers) b(2011) Cataracts At MS Onset: 41/8,716 = 0.47%

Cataracts At MS Diagnosis: 96/8,716 = 1.10%

Glaucoma Glaucoma 282/8,838 = 2.6% (2.2- 3.19% 3.0)

Glaucoma At MS Onset: 20/8,798 = 0.23%

Glaucoma At MS Diagnosis: 49/8,798 = 0.56% Nuyen27 Netherlands DNSGP 2001 ICPC code N86 Consultation with Eye diseases NR NR NR NR NR 5/8 (2006) GP during (1-year 8/241 = 3.32% period) Eye Disease F82-F84, F91-F95, F99 Salter53 United States NARCOMS Spring 2008 Self-report Online/Mailed Myopia NR NR NR NR NR 5/9 (2013) Registry Survey 51.8% population Astigmatism (volunteers) 41.4% Hyperopia 26.6% Cataracts 11.4% Strabismus 5.7% Glaucoma 3.5% Uveitis 3.4% Macular degeneration 1.7% NR: Not Reported, NARCOMS: North American Research Committee on Multiple Sclerosis, DNSGP: Dutch National Survey of General Practice, GP: General Practitioner. a- Self-reported diagnoses of MS previously validated in random sample of study population against medical records and physician report; b – reported in another manuscript using the same study population