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Gregory Newman Presentation Developing Science Based Scalable Approaches to Groundwater Banking Groundwater is crical to life in California (and much of the world) and current use is unsustainable By law and by necessity groundwater management must change Science based management prac:ces are lacking Berkeley Lab exper:se can help fill the need Gregory A. Newman Lawrence Berkeley Naonal Laboratory Groundwater is Crical to Life in California and Current Use is UnsustainableGroundwater is Crical to Life in California and Current Use is Unsustainable OverdraQ ~1-2 million AF/yr Normal Year ~29% Dry Year ~39% Drought Year ~60% Groundwater Level Change Spring 2012 to Spring 2015 Groundwater Recharge or Banking: building a rainy sunny day fund Precipitaon Comes in Pulses How to connect short term extreme events to long term groundwater storage? Groundwater Managed Long-term Subsurface Process Knowledge and Modeling: Geophysical imaging Hydro-Chem-Mechanical Modeling Groundwater Recharge or Banking: building a rainy sunny day fundcharge or Banking: building a rainy sunny day fund Pumped Recharge Dedicated Basin ($124/AF) Use Exis:ng Infrastructure and Agriculture Lands to Restore Groundwater ($40-107 AF)? Where is there suitable subsurface for banking? Where will banked groundwater go? How long will it take to get there? What will be the water quality? How will it impact energy use and subsidence? How much current and future overdra can be met by different GW banking strategies? (coupled hydroclimate) What will be the impact on the surface water system, Delta? Detailed Knowledge of Surface Soil Proper.es and Suitability 10 km Course Knowledge of Subsurface Suitability Course Knowledge of Subsurface Suitability Where is there suitable subsurface for banking? Scalable Approach to Water Banking Valida:on and Verifica:on Scalable Approach to Water Banking Valida:on and Verifica:on CVHM Geophysical Imaging CASGEM Data Worth Surface wave Well logs Ini.al Analysis tomography (SWT) and hydrologic Site electrical resis.vity model tomography (ERT) Water Applicaon Addi.onal site selec.on using Water Fate based on new insights, CVHM regions, Characterizaon and results from ETA-CEC GW refined hydrologic Pumping Project model Upscaling Cross Validaon Wider region Build Reac.ve network InSAR surface deformaon for into hydrological model by mechanical impacts and assigning reac.vity to regional context Upscaling geophysical data structure to local region Where is there suitable subsurface for banking? ScalablScalable Approach to Water Banking Valida:on and Verifica:on CVHM Geophysical Imaging CASGEM Data Worth Surface wave Well logs Ini.al Analysis hydrologic tomography (SWT) and Site model in electrical resis.vity Tough2 tomography (ERT) Water Applicaon Addi.onal site selec.on using Discon.nuous Clay Rich Zones Water Fate based on new insights, CVHM regions, Characterizaon and results from ETA-CEC GW refined hydrologic Pumping Project model Upscaling Cross Validaon Wider region Build Reac.ve network InSAR surface deformaon for into hydrological model by mechanical impacts and assigning reac.vity to regional context Upscaling geophysical data structure to local region Where is there suitable subsurface for banking? Scalable Approach to Water Banking Valida:on and Verifica:on CVHM Geophysical Imaging CASGEM Data Worth Surface wave Well logs Ini.al Analysis tomography (SWT) and hydrologic Site electrical resis.vity model tomography (ERT) Water Applicaon Addi.onal site selec.on using Water Fate based on new insights, CVHM regions, Characterizaon and results from ETA-CEC GW refined hydrologic Pumping Project model Upscaling Cross Validaon Wider region Build Reac.ve network InSAR surface deformaon for into hydrological model by mechanical impacts and assigning reac.vity to regional context Upscaling geophysical data structure to local region Electrical Resis:vity Tomography for Almond Groundwater Banking ERT data acquisi.o n system Steel electrodes Resis.vity (ohm.m) 10 100 1000 Geophysical Monitoring of Subsurface Processes Differencing of geophysical data collected over .me highlights changes due to Natural or engineered hydrological or biogeochemical transformaons. Material with different proper.es (e.g. water, solute, mineral precipitate) Geophysical Imaging can provide understanding of the control of heterogeneity on induced Transformaons over field-relevant scales ERT for Water Infiltra:on Studies Demonstrated sensi.vity of resis.vity to changes in soil water Rain water infiltraon Irrigaon water infiltraon content Δρ over me Δρ over me Time Surface based Cross well The image part with relationship ID rId8 was not Large spaal Be_er ver.cal Suzuki and Higashi 2001 found in the file. Barker and Moore 1998 coverage resoluon Surface Wave Tomography for Almond Groundwater Banking Surface Wave Tomography for Almond Groundwater Banking Surface Wave Tomography 4.5 Hz ver.cal geophones R E C S E O I U V R E C R E S S MiniVib 4-80 Hz 10 J Surface Wave Tomography Example -- Abandoned Mine Sites Groundwater Banking Test Sites New Collabora:on with UC Davis & Almond Board of California Delhi Site: Modesto Site: Very Sandy down to 10 Q Clay rich, confining layer at 7Q dry Wet Fast infiltra:on Slow infiltraon Vadose Zone Hydrological Transport • Poorly understood • Transport is controlled by heterogeneous deposits that are geologically that can be chao.c in nature • Understanding is necessary for proper groundwater stabilizaon strategies of subsurface aquifers Vadose Zone Characterizaon • Mapping of Geological Heterogenei.es • Iden.ficaon of Transport/Permeable Pathways • Iden.ficaon of Potable Waters Relevant Geophysical Methods • Cross Well EM • Surface Methods – Transient EM – Surface Nuclear Magne.c Resonance • Airborne EM • Surface Seismics .
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