Chapter 1 Science Skills Chapter Test A

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Chapter 1 Science Skills Chapter Test A Multiple Choice Write the letter that best answers the question or completes the statement on the line provided.

1. How are science and technology related? a. Technology is a branch of natural science. b. Science is a branch of technology. c. Advances in science may lead to advances in technology and vice versa. d. Science and technology are not related.

2. How does Earth science overlap with life science? a. Earth science involves the study of Earth’s rocks. b. Earth science involves the study of systems that may include living organisms. c. Earth science involves the study of the composition of matter. d. Earth science does not overlap with life science.

3. What are the building blocks of all matter? a. forces b. atoms c. magnetic fields d. kinetic and potential energy

4. What happens when the data in an investigation do not support the original hypothesis? a. The scientist gives up and starts an investigation on a new topic. b. The data must be incorrect and are thrown out. c. The hypothesis will be revised. d. The data are altered so that they support the original hypothesis.

5. Which of the following statements is true about scientific theories? a. Scientific theories become scientific laws. b. Scientific theories are never proven. c. Scientific theories become hypotheses. d. Scientific theories summarize patterns found in nature.

6. Why are scientific models important? a. They prove scientific theories. b. They help visualize things that are very complex, very large, or very small. c. They make it harder to understand things. d. They never change. Physical Science ■ Chapter 1 Test A 1 Name Class Date

7. Which of the following is an example of a safe laboratory procedure? a. tying back long hair and loose clothing b. eating or drinking from laboratory glassware c. touching hot objects with your bare hands d. testing an odor by directly inhaling the vapor

8. Which of the following conversion factors would you use to change 18 kilometers to meters? a. 1000 m/1 km b. 1 km/1000 m c. 100 m/1 km d. 1 km/100 m

9. There are 1660 megawatts of wind-generated electricity produced globally every year. This amount is equivalent to a. 1,660,000 watts b. 1,660,000 kilowatts c. 16,600,000 watts d. 166,000 kilowatts

10. Which of the following clocks offers the most precision? a. a clock that measures time to the nearest hour b. a clock that measures time to the nearest minute c. a clock that measures time to the nearest second d. a clock that measures time to the nearest tenth of a second

11. Approximately how many kelvins are equal to 60°F? a. 439 b. 212 c. 902 d. 289

12. The type of graph used to show how a part of something relates to the whole is a a. circle graph b. bar graph c. line graph d. direct proportion

13. How do scientists who speak different languages make their data understandable to one another? a. They all use different systems of measurement. b. They all use SI. c. They communicate through a universal translator. d. They all must speak French.

14. Why are peer reviews important? a. Scientists receive questions and criticism from their peers. b. Data are checked for accuracy. c. Scientists receive comments and suggestions from other scientists. d. all of the above

15. If the relationship between the manipulated variable and the responding variable is a direct proportion, what will a line graph of this relationship look like? a. a straight line b. a curved line c. a jagged line d. none of the above 2 Physical Science ■ Chapter 1 Test A Name Class Date

Completion Complete each statement on the line provided. 1. A measurement must include both a number and a(an) . 2. An experiment in which only one variable, the manipulated variable, is changed at a time is called a(an) . 3. The two main areas of physical science are physics and . 4. In an experiment, if doubling the manipulated variable results in a doubling of the responding variable, the relationship between the variables is a(an) . 5. The three values—10.714 m, 12.821 m, and 13.646 m—have the same number of . Short Answer In complete sentences, write the answers to the questions on the lines provided. 1. Explain how technology and science are related.

2. What type of graph would be the best to use to compare the levels of lead contamination in six water wells?

3. What is the relationship between two variables if the product of the variables is constant?

4. What happens to the number in a measurement that is converted from kilometers to meters?

5. Describe a main idea of physical science that deals with space and time.

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Using Science Skills Use the diagram to answer each question. Write the answers on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Analyzing Data What is the slope of the line shown in Figure 1-1?

2. Controlling Variables In Figure 1-1, what is the responding variable?

3. Analyzing Data In Figure 1-1, what is the relationship between mass and volume?

4. Using Graphs In Figure 1-1, what quantity does the slope represent?

5. Analyzing Data In Figure 1-1, what metric units are represented Figure 1-1 by points on the plotted line?

Essay Write the answers to each question on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Use Figure 1-2 to describe how the steel ball moved during the experiment. Average speed is calculated by dividing total distance by time. Did the steel ball speed up, slow down, or remain at the same speed throughout the experiment?

2. What is the difference between a scientific law and a scientific theory?

3. Describe some of the main ideas of physical science.

4. Describe a possible order of steps of a scientific method used in an Figure 1-2 investigation.

5. Explain how peer reviews are important in either supporting a hypothesis or revising a hypothesis. 4 Physical Science ■ Chapter 1 Test A