Summary of Content: 3

Transatlantic Security Relations

M13018 (20 credits)

Level 3

Taught Autumn Semester

Module Convenor: Prof. Wyn Rees

M13018 Transatlantic Security Relations 2 2010-11 CONTENTS

Summary of Content:...... 3 Educational Aims:...... 3 Learning Outcomes:...... 3 Module Evaluation:...... 3 Week 1 Introduction & Lecture on US-European Security During the Cold War...... 4 Week 2 Conceptualising Transatlantic Relations...... 5 Week 3 The Transformation of NATO...... 7 Week 4 Developing a European Defence Identity...... 9 Week 5 The Enlargement of Europe...... 12 Week 6 ‘States of Concern’...... 14 Week 7 Iraq, the War of 2003 and its Aftermath...... 16 Week 8 Nuclear Proliferation and Counter-Proliferation: North Korea...... 18 Week 9 Transatlantic Cooperation in the ‘War Against Terrorism’...... 21 Week 10 The Future of Transatlantic Security Relations...... 22 Method and Frequency of Classes:...... 25 Method of Assessment:...... 25 General Reading...... 25 Coursework Support:...... 27 Guidance to Essay Writing:...... 27 Assessed Essay Titles...... 28 Past Exam Papers can be found on WebCT...... 28

M13018 Transatlantic Security Relations 3 2010-11 Summary of Content:

The module will investigate some of the key issues that have characterised transatlantic security cooperation since 1990. The module will focus on issues that relate to the security of the European continent as well as to matters of global concern.

Educational Aims:

This module aims to:

Give students an understanding of the development in US-European security relations since 1990.

An awareness of the post-Cold War debates surrounding security issues both inside and outside of Europe.

Develop a subject specific knowledge of transatlantic security relations.

Encourage students to read widely in the literature on transatlantic relations.

Enable students to critically assess the subject of transatlantic security relations.

Learning Outcomes:

These will be: i) Knowledge and understanding: ii) Intellectual skills: iii) Professional/Practical skills: iv) Transferable & Key skills: v) IT skills:

Module Evaluation:

Evaluation and feedback are crucial to the success of any module. The School wants students to have their say on Politics modules. Therefore modules are formally evaluated on a biennial basis, so please use this opportunity to have your say. If you have any other comments or queries regarding this module, please contact the Module Convenor.

Week 1 Introduction & Lecture on US-European Security During the Cold War

M13018 Transatlantic Security Relations 4 2010-11 This seminar will provide an introduction to the module. The structure, objectives and themes of the module will be discussed, briefing papers will be allocated and essay requirements will be explained. In the second part of the session Dr Rees will provide a brief introductory lecture on US-European security relations during the Cold War. Particular attention will be paid to the development of the Atlantic Alliance, American encouragement of European integration and episodic transatlantic crises. The lecture will conclude by assessing the state of transatlantic relations in 1990.

Aybet, Gülnur (2001), The dynamics of European Security Cooperation, 1945-91, London: Palgrave.

Calleo, David, P. (1970), The Atlantic Fantasy: The US, NATO and Europe, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press.

- (1987), Beyond American Hegemony: the Future of the Western Alliance, New York: Basic Books.

De Porte, Anton, W. (1986), Europe between the Superpowers: the Enduring Balance, 2nd edn, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

Duignan, Peter and Gann, L. H. (1994), The USA and the New Europe, 1945-1993, Oxford: Blackwell.

Freedman, Lawrence (2003), The Evolution of Nuclear Strategy, 3rd edn, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Gaddis, John Lewis (1987), The Long Peace: Inquires into the History of the Cold War, New York: Oxford University Press.

Gladwyn, L. (1975), ‘Western Europe’s Collective Defence’, International Affairs, Vol. 51, No. 2, pp. 166-174.

Gompert, D. and Kugler, R. (1995), ‘Free-Rider Redux: NATO needs to project power (and Europe can help)’, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 74, No. 1, pp. 7-12

Grosser, Alfred (1980), The Western Alliance: European-American Relations since 1945, London: Macmillan.

Hyde-Price, Adrian, (1991), European Security beyond the Cold War: Four Scenarios for the year 2010, London: Royal Institute of International Affairs.

Keohane, Robert, Nye, Joseph S. and Hoffmann, Stanley, (eds.) (1993), After the Cold War: International Institutions and State Strategies in Europe, 1989-1991, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Kissinger, H. A. (1980), ‘NATO: The Next Thirty Years’, Washington Quarterly, Vol. 512, pp. 1-8.

Lundestad, Geir (1998), “Empire” by integration: the United States and European M13018 Transatlantic Security Relations 5 2010-11 Integration, 1945-1997, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Mearsheimer, John J. (1990) ‘Back to the future: Instability in Europe after the Cold War’, International Security, Vol.15, No.1, 5-56.

Miall, Hugh (ed.) (1994), Redefining Europe: New Patterns of Conflict and Cooperation, London: Pinter.

Peterson, John (1996), Europe and America in the 1990s: the Prospect for Partnership, 2nd edn, Aldershot: Edward Elgar Publishers.

Powaski, Ronald E (1994), The Entangling Alliance: the United States and European Security, 1950-1993, Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Schwartz, David N (1983), NATO’s Nuclear Dilemmas, Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution.

Weiner, Jarrod (ed.) (1996), The Transatlantic Relationship, Basingstoke: Macmillan.

Winand, Pascaline (1993), Eisenhower, Kennedy and the United States of Europe, New York: St. Martin’s Press.

Young, John W. (1993), Cold War Europe, 1945-1991: A Political History, London: Arnold.

Week 2 Conceptualising Transatlantic Relations

This seminar will introduce some theoretical perspectives on transatlantic relations. It will explore the broadened concept of ‘security’ since the Cold War and the varying approaches of the US and Europe to threat perceptions. It will look at concepts of ‘alliance’ and pay particular attention to assessing the ideas of Robert Kagan.

Essential Reading

Kagan, Robert (2003), Paradise and Power: American and Europe in the New World Order, London: Atlantic.

- (2002), ‘Power and Weakness’, Policy Review, No.113. http://homepage.univie.ac.at/Vedran.Dzihic/Kagan.pdf

Supplementary Reading

Cottey, Andrew (2007), ‘Chapter 3’ in Security in the New Europe, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Cox, Michael (2003), ‘Commentary: Martians and Venusians and the new world order’, International Affairs, Vol. 79, No. 3, pp.523-532.

M13018 Transatlantic Security Relations 6 2010-11 Dwan, R. (2001), ‘Jean Monet and European Defence Community, 1950-54’, Cold War History, Vol. 1, No. 3, pp.141-160

Forsberg, Tuomas and Herd, Graeme (2006), ‘Chapter 2’ in Divided West: European Security and the Transatlantic Relationship, London: Royal Institute of International Affairs.

Hassner, Pierre (2002) ‘The US: The empire of force or the force of empire?’ Chaillot Papers, No. 54, EU Institute for Security Studies.

Jones, Seth G. (2007), ‘Introduction (chapter 1) and Chapter 2’ in The Rise of European Security Cooperation, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Keohane, Robert (2002), ‘Ironies of Sovereignty: The European Union and the United States’, Journal of Common Market Studies, Vol. 40, No. 2, pp. 743-765.

Keohane, Dan (2003), ‘The European Defence Plans: Filling the Transatlantic Gaps’, The International Spectator, Vol. 43, No. 3, pp.60-77

Lindberg, Tod (ed.) (2005), ‘Chapter 1 and 2’ in Beyond Paradise and Power: Europe, America, and the Future of a Troubled Partnership, London: Routledge.

Nye, Joseph (1990), Bound to Lead: the changing nature of American Power, New York, NY: Basic Books.

- (1990), ‘Soft power’, Foreign Policy, No. 80, pp.153-171. http://faculty.maxwell.syr.edu/rdenever/PPA-730-27/Nye%201990.pdf

Tetrais, Bruno (2004) ‘The changing nature of military alliances’, The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp.135-150. http://www.twq.com/04spring/docs/04spring_tertrais.pdf

Walt, Stephen (1990), The Origins of Alliances, Ithaca, NY; London: Cornell University Press.

- (1998/1999), ‘The ties that fray: Why Europe and America are Drifting Apart’, The National Interest, No. 54. http://www.comw.org/pda/swalt.pdf

Seminar Briefing Papers:

1. ‘Americans are from Mars, Europeans are from Venus’ (Kagan). Assess the value of this argument in explaining transatlantic tensions.

2. To what extent do Europe and America view security problems in different ways?

Week 3 The Transformation of NATO

M13018 Transatlantic Security Relations 7 2010-11 This seminar will analyse the transatlantic relationship within NATO since 1990. It will look at the ways in which the Alliance has adapted to new roles and missions such as in Bosnia and Kosovo. Secondly, it will assess the suitability of NATO to take on new types of tasks such as fighting terrorism and the ISAF mission in Afghanistan.

Essential Reading

Asmus, Ronald (2003), ‘Rebuilding the Atlantic Alliance’, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 82, No. 5.

Daalder, Ivo and Goldgeier, James (2006), ‘Global NATO’, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 85, No. 5.

Webber, Mark and Sperling, James (2009), ‘NATO: From Kosovo to Kabul’, International Affairs, Vol. 85, No. 3, pp.491-511.

Bailes, Alyson (1996), ‘NATO; Towards a new synthesis’, Survival, Vol. 38, Issue 3, pp. 27-40.

Barry, Charles (1996), 'NATO's Combined Joint Task Forces in theory & practice', Survival, Vol. 38, Issue 1, pp.81-97.

Berdal, Mats and Ucko, David (2009), ‘NATO at 60’, Survival, Vol. 51, Issue 2, pp.55- 76.

Brenner, Michael (ed) (1997), NATO and Collective Security, Basingstoke: Macmillan.

Cornish, Paul (1996), ‘European security: the end of architecture and the new NATO’, International Affairs, Vol. 73, No. 4, pp.751-769.

- (2004), ‘NATO: The practice and politics of transformation’, International Affairs, Vol. 80, Issue. 1, pp.63-74.

Croft, Stuart, et al (2000), ‘NATO’s triple challenge’, International Affairs, Vol. 76, No. 3, pp.495-510.

Daalder, Ivo (2000), Getting to Dayton: the making of America’s Bosnia policy, Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution Press.

Forster, Anthony and Wallace, William (2001), ‘What is NATO for?’ Survival, Vol. 43, Issue 4, pp.107-122.

Gordon, Philip (2002) 'Reforging the Atlantic Alliance', The National Interest, No. 69.

- (2001), ‘NATO after 11th September’, Survival, Vol. 43, No. 4, pp.89-106.

Gow, James (1997), Triumph of the Lack of Will: International Diplomacy and the Yugoslav War, London: Hurst & Company. M13018 Transatlantic Security Relations 8 2010-11 Herd, Graeme (2004), ‘NATO, Afghanistan, Iraq: Out of area, Out of business?’ The World Today, Vol. 60, No. 8/9, pp. 4-6.

Heisbourg, Francois (1999), ‘American hegemony?: Perceptions of the US abroad’, Survival, Vol. 41, Issue 4, pp. 5-19.

Holbrooke, Richard (1999), To End a War, New York, NY: Morden Library.

Howard, Michael (1999), ‘NATO at Fifty: An unhappy successful marriage: Security means knowing what to expect’, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 78, Issue 3.

Kamp, Karl-Heinz (2009), ‘Towards a new strategy for NATO’, Survival, Vol. 51, Issue 4, pp.21-27.

Kornblum, Jeff (1994), ‘NATO’s Second Half Century: Tasks for an alliance’, NATO on Track for the 21st Century, Conference Report, The Hague: Netherlands Atlantic Commission.

Lansford, Tom (2002), All for One: Terrorism, NATO and the United States, Aldershot: Ashgate.

Layne, C. (2000), ‘US hegemony and the perpetuation of NATO’, Journal of Strategic Studies, Vol. 23, Issue 3, pp.59-91.

Lugar, Richard (2002), ‘Redefining NATO’s Mission: Preventing WMD Terrorism’, The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 25, Issue 3, pp.5-13.

Mahncke, Dieter, Rees, Wyn and Thompson, Wayne (2004), Redefining Transatlantic Security Relations, Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Mandelbaum, Michael (1999), ‘A perfect failure’, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 78, Issue 5, pp.2- 9.

Medcalf, J. (2008), Going Global or Going Nowhere? NATO’s role in contemporary international security, Oxford: Peter Lang.

Millen, R. A. (2004), ‘Reconfiguring NATO for future security challenges’, Comparative Strategy, Vol. 23, No. 2, pp. 125-141.

Nevers, Rene De (2007), ‘NATO’s international security role in the terrorist era’, International Security, Vol. 31, No. 4, pp. 34-66.

Noetzel, T. & Schreer, B. (2009), ‘Does a multi-tier NATO matter? the Atlantic Alliance and the process of strategic change’, International Affairs, Vol. 85, Issue 2, pp. 211- 226.

Rubin, James P. (2008), ‘Building a New Atlantic Alliance’, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 87, Issue 4, pp.99-111.

M13018 Transatlantic Security Relations 9 2010-11 Serfaty, Simon (ed) (2005), Visions of the Atlantic Alliance: the United States, the European Union, and NATO, Washington D.C.: CSIS Press.

Schmidt, John R. (2007), ‘Last Alliance standing? NATO after 9/11’, The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 30, Issue 1, pp.93-106. http://www.twq.com/07winter/docs/07winter_schmidt.pdf

Sloan, Stanley (1994), ‘Transatlantic Relations in the Wake of the Brussels Summit’, NATO Review, Vol. 42, No. 2, pp. 27-31

Talbott, Strobe (2002), ‘From Prague to Baghdad: NATO at Risk’, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 81, Issue 6, pp. 46-57.

Thomson, James (2003), ‘US interests and the fate of the Alliance’, Survival, Vol. 45, Issue 4, pp.207-220.

Webber, Mark (et al) (2009), ‘The war over Kosovo: Ten years on’, International Affairs, Vol. 85, Vol. 3, pp.447-667.

Yost, David (1999), NATO Transformed: the Alliance’s new roles in international security, Washington D.C.: United States Institute of Peace Press.

1. To what extent has NATO changed from being an alliance to a ‘coalition of the willing’?

2. Contrast NATO’s roles in the conflicts in Bosnia (1992-95) and Kosovo (1999).

3. Has NATO become a global security organisation?

Week 4 Developing a European Defence Identity

Throughout the 1990s, a debate raged over whether Europe should develop an independent defence capacity. Since 1999, an autonomous defence capacity has been created within the EU. This seminar will explore the extent to which transatlantic divergences have emerged.

Essential Reading

Dannreuther, Roland & Peterson, John (eds.) (2006), ‘Chapter 1, 2 and 3’ in Security Strategy and Transatlantic Relations, Abingdon: Routledge.

Menon, Anand (2009), ‘Empowering paradise? ESDP at ten’, International Affairs, Vol. 85, No. 2, pp.227-246.

M13018 Transatlantic Security Relations 10 2010-11 Andreani, Gilles (2000), ‘Why institutions matter’, Survival, Vol. 42, No. 2, pp.81-95.

Asmus, Ronald (2005), ‘Rethinking the EU: Why Washington Needs to Support European Integration’, Survival, Vol. 47, Issue 3, pp. 93-102.

Bailes, Alyson (1997), ‘Europe’s defense challenge: Reinventing the Atlantic Alliance ’, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 76, Issue 1, pp.15-21.

- (2005), ‘The European Security Strategy; An Evolutionary History’, SIPRI Policy Paper, No. 10, http://books.sipri.org/files/PP/SIPRIPP10.pdf

Binnendijk, Hans and Kugler, R. (2002), ‘Transforming Europe’s forces’, Survival, Vol. 44, No. 3, pp.117-132.

Bono, G. (2004), ‘The EU’s military doctrine: an assessment’, International Peacekeeping, Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 439-456.

Brenner, Michael J. (1998), Terms of Engagement: the United States and the European Security Identity, Westport, CT; London: Praeger.

Cornish, Paul & Edwards, Geoffrey (2001), ‘Beyond the EU/NATO dichotomy: the beginnings of a European strategic culture’, International Affairs, Vol. 77, Issue 3, pp.587-603.

Daalder, Ivo & Goldgeier, James (2001), ‘Putting Europe first’, Survival, Vol. 43, No. 1, pp. 71-91.

Deighton, Anne (2002), ‘The European Security and Defence Policy’, Journal of Common Market Studies, Vol. 40. No. 4, pp. 719-741.

Duke, Simon (2000), The Elusive Quest for European Security: from EDC to CFSP, Houndmills: Macmillan in association with St. Anthony College, Oxford.

Dunn, David (2001), ‘European Security and Defence Policy in the American security policy debate: counterbalancing America or rebalancing NATO?’, Defence Studies, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 146-155.

Gnesotto, Nicole (ed.) (2004), EU Security and Defence: The First Five Years (1999- 2004), Paris: EU Institute for Security Studies, http://www.iss.europa.eu/uploads/media/5esdpen.pdf

Gordon, Philip (2000), ‘Their own army?’ Foreign Affairs, Vol. 79, Issue 4, pp.12-18.

Giegerich, Bastian & Wallace, William (2004), ‘Not such a soft power: the external deployment of European forces’, Survival, Vol. 46, Issue 2, pp.163-182.

Heisbourg, Francois (et al) (2000), ‘European defence: Making it work’, Chaillot Papers, No. 42. EU Institute for Security Studies http://www.iss.europa.eu/uploads/media/cp042e.pdf

M13018 Transatlantic Security Relations 11 2010-11 Howorth, Jolyon (2000), ‘European integration and defence: the Ultimate Challenge’, Chaillot Papers, No. 43. EU Institute for Security Studies http://www.iss.europa.eu/uploads/media/cp043e.pdf

Howorth, J. and Keeler, T. S. (ed.) (2003), Defending Europe: the EU, NATO and the Quest for European Autonomy, New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.

Howorth, J. (2007), Security and Defence Policy in the European Union, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Hunter, Robert (2002), The European Security and Defence Policy: NATO’s Companion or Competitor. Washington D.C.: RAND Corporation.

Jones, Seth (2007), The Rise of European Security Cooperation, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Kaldor, Mary & Salmon, A. (2006), ‘Military force and European strategy’, Survival, Vol. 48, Issue 1, pp.19-34.

Lindley-French, J. (2002), ‘St. Malo II: rescuing European defence?’, New Economy, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp. 217-223.

Lindstrom, G. (2007), ‘Enter the EU battlegroups’, Chaillot Papers, No. 97. EU Institute for Security Studies http://www.iss.europa.eu/uploads/media/cp097.pdf

McCormick, John (2007), The European Superpower, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Menon, Anand (2004), ‘From crisis to catharsis: ESDP after Iraq’, International Affairs, Vol. 80, Issue 4, pp.631-648.

Mérand, F. (2008), European Defence Policy: Beyond the Nation State, (electronic resources), Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Missiroli, Antonio (1999), ‘European Security and Defence: the case for setting convergence criteria’, European Foreign Affairs Review, Vol. 4, No. 4, pp. 485-500.

Ojanen, H. (2006), ‘The EU and NATO: Two Competing Models for a Common Defence Policy’, Journal of Common Market Studies, Vol. 44, No. 1, pp. 57-76.

Rees, Wyn (1998), The Western European Union at the Crossroads: Between Trans- Atlantic Solidarity and European Integration, Boulder, CO: Westview Press.

Salmon, Trevor & Shepherd, Alistair (2003), Toward a European Army: a Military Power in the Making?, Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publisher.

Sangiovanni, Mette (2003), ‘Why a common security and defence policy is bad for Europe’, Survival, Vol. 45. Issue 4, pp.193-206.

Schake, Kori (et al) (2009), ‘Building a European defence capability’, Survival, Vol. 41, No. 1, pp. 20-40. M13018 Transatlantic Security Relations 12 2010-11 Sloan, Stanley (2000), ‘The United States and European Defence’, Chaillot Papers, No. 39. EU Institute for Security Studies http://www.iss.europa.eu/uploads/media/cp039e.pdf

Thomas, J. P. (2000), ‘The Military Challenges of Transatlantic Coalitions’, Adelphi Paper No. 333, London: Oxford University Press for the International Institute for Strategic Studies

Toje, A. (2005), ‘The 2003 European Union Security Strategy: A Critical Appraisal’, European Foreign Affairs Review, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp.117-134.

Ham, Peter van (1995), ‘The Prospects for a European Security and Defence Identity’, European Security, Vol. 4, No. 4, 1995, pp. 523-545.

Wijk, R. De (2004), ‘European military reform for a global partnership’, The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 27, Issue 1, pp.197-210. http://www.twq.com/04winter/docs/04winter_dewijk.pdf

Seminar Briefing Papers

1. Explain the attitudes of France, the UK and Germany towards a European defence identity in the 1990s.

2. Assess the nature and significance of EU military interventions since 1999?

3. Compare the US National Security Strategy of 2002 with the European Security Strategy of 2003.

Week 5 The Enlargement of Europe

This seminar will look at transatlantic cooperation in relation to the enlargement of the key organisations in Europe, NATO and the EU.

Essential Reading

Asmus, Ron (2008), ‘Europe’s eastern promise: Rethinking NATO and EU enlargement’, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 87, Issue 1, pp. 95-106.

Croft, S. (et al) (1999), ‘Chapter 1 and 2’ in The Enlargement of Europe, Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Avery, Graham & Cameron Fraser (1998), The Enlargement of the European Union, Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press.

M13018 Transatlantic Security Relations 13 2010-11 Biscop, Sven & Lembke, J. (eds.) (2008), EU Enlargement and the Transatlantic Alliance: a Security Relationship in Flux, Boulder, CO; London: Lynne Rienner Publishers.

Bertram, Christoph (1997), ‘Why NATO must enlarge’, NATO Review, Vol. 45, No. 1, pp.14-17. http://www.nato.int/docu/review/1997/9702-4.htm

Bergerson, J. H. (2003), ‘Beyond Integration: A European perspective on globalisation’, The European Legacy, Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 333-347.

Cini, Michelle (2007), European Union Politics, 2nd edn. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Edmunds, Tim (2003), ‘NATO and its new members’, Survival, Vol. 45, No. 3, pp.145- 166.

Eyal, Jonathan (1997), ‘NATO’s enlargement: Anatomy of a decision’, International Affairs, Vol. 73, No. 4, pp.695-719.

Hyde-Price, Adrian (2002), ‘Normative Power Europe: a realist critique’, Journal of European Public Policy, Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 217-234.

Hopkinson, William (2001), ‘Enlargement: A new NATO’, Chaillot Papers, No. 49. EU Institute for Security Studies http://www.iss.europa.eu/uploads/media/cp049e.pdf

Jacoby, Wade (2004), The Enlargement of the European Union and NATO:Ordering from the Menu in Central Europe, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Mahncke, Dieter (et al) (2004), Redefining Transatlantic Security Relations, Manchester: Manchester University Press.

McGwire, Michael (1998), ‘NATO Expansion: “a policy error of historic importance”’, Review of International Studies, Vol. 24, pp.23-42.

Michta, A. (ed.) (1999), America’s new allies: Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic in NATO, Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press.

Missiroli, Antonio (2002), ‘Enlargement and European defence after 11 September’, Chaillot Papers, No. 53. EU Institute for Security Studies http://www.iss.europa.eu/uploads/media/chai53e.pdf

Price, V. (et al) (eds.) (1999), The Enlargement of the European Union: Issues and Strategies, London: Routledge.

Redmond, John (2007), ‘Turkey and the European Union: Troubled European or European Trouble?’ International Affairs, Vol. 83, Issue 2, pp.305-317.

Rauchhaus, Robert (2001), Explaining NATO Enlargement, London: Frank Cass.

M13018 Transatlantic Security Relations 14 2010-11 Rubinstein, A. (1998), ‘NATO Enlargement and American Interests’, Orbis, Vol. 42, Issue 1, pp.37-48.

Rühle, Michael & Williams, N. (1995), ‘NATO enlargement and the European Union', The World Today, Vol. 51, No. 1, p. 87.

Smith, Martin & Timmins, Martin (2000), Building a Bigger Europe: EU and NATO Enlargement in Comparative Perspective, Aldershot: Ashgate.

Sperling, James (ed.) (1999), Two Tiers or Two speeds? the European Security Order and the Enlargement of the European Union and NATO, Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Terriff, Terry (et al) (2002), ‘One in, All in? NATO’s next enlargement’, International Affairs, Vol. 78, No. 4, pp.713-729.

Wallace, William (1997), ‘NATO/European Union Enlargement: on the move- destination unknown ’, The World Today, Vol. 53, No. 4, pp. 99-142.

Yost, David (1999), ‘Chapter 3’ in NATO Transformed: the Alliance’s new roles in international security, Washington D.C.: United States Institute Peace Press.

1. ‘NATO has exported stability through its enlargement process’. Discuss.

2. Which states have championed the enlargement of the EU and for what reasons?

3. Should Turkey be allowed to join the EU?

Week 6 ‘States of Concern’

This seminar will investigate different transatlantic approaches to dealing with so- called ‘states of concern’, such as Libya, Iran and Cuba. Whilst the US has adopted a confrontational approach to these countries, the Europeans have tended to pursue policies of constructive engagement.

Essential Reading

Haas, Richard (ed.) (1999), Transatlantic Tensions: the United States, Europe and Problem Countries, Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution Press.

Lake, Anthony (1994), ‘Confronting backlash states’, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 73, Issue 2, pp.45-55.

Ansari, A. (2003), ‘Iran: Nuclear standoff’, The World Today, Vol. 59, No. 11, pp.7-8. M13018 Transatlantic Security Relations 15 2010-11 Bowen, Wyn (2000), ‘Rogue States: Rogues no more’, The World Today, Vol. 56, No. 8/9, pp. 14-15.

Bowen, Wyn and Kidd, Joanna (2004), ‘The Iranian Nuclear Challenge’, International Affairs, Vol. 80, No. 2, pp.257-276.

Dunn, David (2007), ‘‘Real men want to go to Tehran”: Bush, Pre-emption and Iranian Nuclear Challenge’, International Affairs, Vol. 83, No. 1, pp.19-38.

Gardner, Anthony (1997), A New Era US-EU relations?: the Clinton Administration and the New Transatlantic Agenda, Aldershot: Avebury.

Gergorin, J-L. (2009), ‘Iran: Breaking the deadlock’, Survival, Vol. 51, No. 3, pp. 19- 25.

Henriksen, Thomas (2001), ‘The Rise and Decline of Rogue States’, Journal of International Affairs, Vol. 54, Issue 2, pp.349-374.

Herring, Eric (2000) ‘Rogue’s rage: Can we prevent mass destruction?’ Journal of Strategic Studies, Vol. 23, Issue 1, pp.188-212.

Jacobson, Michael (2008), ‘Sanctions against Iran: A promising struggle’, The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 31, Issue 3, pp. 69-88. http://www.twq.com/08summer/docs/08summer_jacobson.pdf

Kaye, D. and Wehrey, F. (2009), ‘Containing Iran? Avoiding a Two-Dimensional Strategy in a Four-Dimensional Region’, The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 32, Issue 3, pp.37-53. http://www.twq.com/09july/docs/09jul_KayeWehrey.pdf

Kemp, Geoffrey (2001), ‘Iran: Can the United States do a deal?’ The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 24, Issue 1, pp. 109-124. http://www.twq.com/winter01/kemp.pdf

Lavin, F. (1996), ‘Asphyxiation or Oxygen? Sanctions dilemmas’, Foreign Policy, No. 104 (Autumn), pp. 138-153.

Litwak, Robert (1999), Rogue States and the U.S. Foreign Policy: Containment after the Cold War, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Centre Press.

Pollack, Kenneth & Takeyh, Ray (2005), ‘Taking on Tehran’, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 84, Issue 2, pp. 20-34.

Sick, G. (2003), ‘Iran: Confronting terrorism’, The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 26, Issue 4, pp. 83-98. http://www.twq.com/03autumn/docs/03autumn_sick.pdf

Stanzel, V. (1999), ‘Dealing with the backwoods: New Challenges for the transatlantic relationship’, The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 22, Issue 2, pp. 17-23. http://www.tokyo.diplo.de/Vertretung/tokyo/de/00Start/PublikationBo/Dealing__1999, property=Daten.pdf

M13018 Transatlantic Security Relations 16 2010-11 Takeyh, Ray (2001), ‘The rogue who came in from the cold’, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 80, Issue 3, pp.62-73.

- (2004), ‘Iran builds the bomb’, Survival, Vol. 46, Issue 4, pp.51-63.

Tanter, Raymond (1998), Rogue Regimes: terrorism and proliferation, Basingstoke: Macmillan.

Zaorski, J. (2005), ‘Deterring a nuclear Iran’, The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 28, Issue 3, pp.153-167. http://www.twq.com/05summer/docs/05summer_zaborski.pdf

Journal of International Affairs (2001), ‘Rogue States’, Vol. 54, Issue 2 (Special Edition).

1) Account for differing transatlantic approaches towards dealing with Libya.

2) ‘Transatlantic hostility towards Iran has been motivated by its sponsorship of terrorist organisations’. Discuss.

Week 7 Iraq, the War of 2003 and its Aftermath

This seminar will serve as a case study for several of the issues investigated in the second half of the module. It will review US and European policies towards Iraq after the first Gulf War and the imposition of sanctions. It will investigate the debate in US- European relations leading up to the overthrow of Saddam Hussein in 2003 and the aftermath of the war.

Essential Reading

Daalder, Ivo (2003), ‘The end of Atlanticism’, Survival, Vol. 45, Issue 2, pp.147-166.

Litwak, Robert (2002/2003), ‘The New Calculus of Pre-emption’, Survival, Vol. 44, Issue 4, pp. 53-80. http://www.wilsoncenter.org/topics/pubs/newcalc.pdf

Byman, Daniel (et al) (1999), ‘The Rollback Fantasy’, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 78, No. 1, pp. 24-41.

Byman, Daniel (2000), ‘A Farewell to Arms Inspections’, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 79, No. 1, pp.119-132. Clawson, Patrick (1998), ‘The Continuing Logic of Dual Containment’, Survival, Vol. 40, Issue 1, pp. 33-47.

Daalder, Ivo and Lindsay, James (2003), America Unbound: the Bush Revolution in Foreign Policy, Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution.

M13018 Transatlantic Security Relations 17 2010-11 Freedman, Lawrence (2003), ‘Prevention, Not pre-emption’, The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 26, Issue 2, pp.105-114. http://www.twq.com/03spring/docs/03spring_freedman.pdf

Gordon, Philip and Shapiro, Jeremy (2004), ‘Part II: The Iraq Crisis’ in Allies at War: America, Europe, and the Crisis over Iraq, [e-book available], New York: McGraw-Hill.

Gnesotto, Nichole (2002/2003), ‘Reacting to America’, Survival, Vol. 44, No. 4, pp. 99- 106.

Haass, Richard (ed.) (1999), Transatlantic tensions: the United States, Europe, and Problem Countries, Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution Press.

Hoffman, Stanley (2003), ‘US-European relations: Past and Future,’ International Affairs, Vol. 79, No. 5, pp.1029-1036.

Howorth, Jolyon (2003), ‘France, Britain and the Euro-Atlantic crisis’, Survival, Vol. 45, Issue 4, pp.173-192.

Hunter, Robert (2004), ‘Europe’s leverage’, The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 27, Issue 1, pp.91-110. http://www.twq.com/04winter/docs/04winter_hunter.pdf

Litwak, Robert (1999), Rogue States and U.S. Foreign Policy: Containment after the Cold War, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Centre Press.

Pollack, Kenneth (2002), ‘Next stop Baghdad’, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 81, No. 2, pp. 32- 47.

Pond, Elizabeth (2003), Friendly Fire: the Near-Death of the Transatlantic Alliance, European Union Studies Association; Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution Press.

Strauss, M. (2002), ‘Attacking Iraq’, Foreign Policy, Issue 129, pp.14-20.

Tanter, Robert (1998), Rogue Regimes: Terrorism and Proliferation, Basingstoke: Macmillan.

Tetrais, Bruno (2004), ‘The perfect storm’, Survival, Vol. 46, No. 3, pp.161-167.

Woodward, Bob (2004), Plan of Attack, London: Pocket.

Yaphe, J. (2001), ‘Iraq: The exception to the rule’, The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 24, Issue 1, pp.125-137. http://www.twq.com/winter01/yaphe.pdf

‘Transatlantic Relations after Iraq’ (2003), in Special Issue of the European Foreign Affairs Review, Vol. 8, Issue 4, pp.425-562.

1. What key divergences existed in US-European policy towards Iraq 1991-2001? M13018 Transatlantic Security Relations 18 2010-11 2. Why did coalition forces find it so difficult to impose security within Iraq after May 2003?

3. Why did Europe divide over the Iraq war?

Week 8 Nuclear Proliferation and Counter-Proliferation: North Korea

A particular focus of the post-Cold War transatlantic relationship has been counter proliferation. This seminar will review US-European approaches towards preventing nuclear proliferation and provide a case study of North Korea.

Essential Reading

Fitzpatrick, Mark (2009), ‘Stopping Nuclear North Korea’, Survival, Vol. 51, No. 4, pp. 5-12.

Smith, M. (et al) (2003), ‘Fighting proliferation: European perspectives’, Chaillot Papers, No. 66. EU Institute for Security Studies http://www.iss.europa.eu/uploads/media/cp066e.pdf

Bleiker, R. (2003), ‘A rogue is a rogue is a rogue: US foreign policy and the Korean nuclear crisis ’, International Affairs, Vol. 79, No. 3, pp. 719-737.

Bowen, Wyn (2001), ‘Missile defence and the transatlantic security relationship’, International Affairs, Vol. 77, No. 3, pp. 485-507.

Butler, Richard (2003), ‘Improving non-proliferation enforcement’, The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 26, Issue 4, pp. 131-145. http://www.twq.com/03autumn/docs/03autumn_butler.pdf

Cha, Victor (2004), ‘Can North Korea be engaged? An exchange between Victor D. Cha and David Kang’, Survival, Vol. 46, No. 2, pp. 89-108.

Cottey, Andrew (2007), ‘Chapter 7’ in Security in the New Europe, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Ellis, James (2003), ‘The best defence: Counter proliferation and US National Security’, The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp. 115-133. http://www.twq.com/03spring/docs/03spring_ellis.pdf

Fitzpatrick, Mark (2006), ‘Iran and North Korea: The proliferation Nexus’, Survival, Vol. 48, Issue 1, pp. 61-80.

Freedman, Lawrence (2003), The Evolution of Nuclear Strategy, 3rd edn, New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

M13018 Transatlantic Security Relations 19 2010-11 Gordon, Philip (2001), ‘Bush, missile defence and the Atlantic Alliance’, Survival, Vol. 43, Issue 1, pp. 17-36.

Grand, C. (2000), ‘The European Union and the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons’, Chaillot Papers, No. 37. EU Institute for Security Studies http://www.iss.europa.eu/uploads/media/cp037e.pdf

Heisbourg, Francois (2000), ‘Brussels’s burden’, The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 23, Issue 3, pp. 125-133. http://www.twq.com/summer00/heisbourg.pdf

Huntley, W. (2006), ‘Rebels without a cause: North Korea, Iran and the NPT’, International Affairs, Vol. 82, No. 4, pp. 723-742.

Laney, J. and Shaplen, J. (2003), ‘How to deal with North Korea’, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 82, Issue 2. http://www.nytimes.com/cfr/international/20030311faessay10226_laney_and_shaple n.html

Lindley-French, Julian and Schmitt, Bernard (2000), ‘National missile defence and the future of nuclear policy’, Occasional Papers, No. 18. EU Institute for Security Studies http://www.iss.europa.eu/uploads/media/occ018.pdf

Lindsay, James and O’Hanlon, Michael (2001), Defending America: the Case for Limited National Missile Defence, Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution Press.

Litwak, Robert (2008), ‘Living with Ambiguity: Nuclear deals with Iran and North Korea’, Survival, Vol. 50, No. 1, pp. 91-118.

Miles, J. (2002), ‘Waiting out North Korea’, Survival, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 37-49.

Muller, Harold (2003), ‘Terrorism, Proliferation: A European Threat Assessment’, Chaillot Papers, No. 58. EU Institute for Security Studies http://www.iss.europa.eu/uploads/media/chai58e.pdf

Payne, Keith. (2000), ‘Looming threats to U.S. security: the case for national missile defence’, Orbis, Vol. 44, Issue 2, pp. 187-196.

Sagan, Scott & Waltz, Kenneth (ed.) (2002), The Spread of Nuclear Weapons: a Debate Renewed; with new sections on India and Pakistan, terrorism, and missile defence, New York, NY: Norton.

Samore, Gary (2003), ‘The Korea nuclear crisis’, Survival, Vol. 45, Issue 1, pp. 7-24.

Schake, Kori (2000), ‘NATO’s “fundamental divergence” over proliferation’, Journal of Strategic Studies, Vol. 23, Issue 3, pp. 111-128.

Seaboyer, A & Thränet, O. (2006), ‘What Missile Proliferation Means for Europe’, Survival, Vol. 48, No. 2, pp. 85-96.

M13018 Transatlantic Security Relations 20 2010-11 Shen, D. (2008), ‘Can Sanctions Stop Proliferation?’ The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 31, Issue 3, pp. 89-100. http://www.twq.com/08summer/docs/08summer_shen.pdf

Slocombe, Walter (2008), ‘Europe, Russia and American Missile Defence’, Survival, Vol. 50, No. 2, pp. 19-24.

Sokolsky, Ray (2001), ‘Imagining European Missile Defence’, Survival, Vol. 43, Issue 3, pp. 111-128.

Young, E. (1997), ‘Counter-proliferation: Common Sense, Neo-imperialism or Wild Goose Chase?’ The World Today, Vol. 53, pp.16-18.

The case of N. Korea

Cha, Victor (2009), ‘Pyongyang!: Washington’s Korea Conundrum’, Foreign Affairs [online source] http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/64919/victor-d-cha/pyongbang

Klingner, Bruce (2007), ‘North Korea: Worrisome Gaps in Six-Party Talks’ Joint Statement’, WebMemo, No. 1655 [electronic resource provided by the Heritage Foundation] http://www.heritage.org/Research/Reports/2007/10/North-Korea- Worrisome-Gaps-in-Six-Party-Talks-Joint-Statement

- (2009), ‘North Korea Throws Down Missile Gauntlet’, WebMemo, No. 2365 [electronic resource provided by the Heritage Foundation] http://www.heritage.org/Research/Reports/2009/04/North-Korea-Throws- Down-Missile-Gauntlet

Olsen, Edward (2004), ‘The Goal of North Korean Brinkmanship: Mediation’, Strategic Insights, Vol. 3, Issue 3 [electronic journal]. http://www.nps.edu/Academics/centers/ccc/publications/OnlineJournal/2004/mar/olse nMar04.pdf

1. Contrast American arguments for, and Russian criticisms of, NMD.

2. Have North Korea’s nuclear policies justified America’s responses?

3. ‘Europe has relied upon the US to manage nuclear non-proliferation’. Discuss.

Week 9 Transatlantic Cooperation in the ‘War Against Terrorism’

This seminar will look at US-European efforts to fight terrorism and the evolving field of transatlantic ‘homeland’ security cooperation.

Essential Reading

M13018 Transatlantic Security Relations 21 2010-11 Rees, Wyn & Aldrich, Richard (2005), ‘Contending cultures of counterterrorism: Transatlantic divergence or convergence?’ International Affairs, Vol. 81, No. 5, pp. 906-923.

Shapiro, Jeremy & Byman, Daniel (2006), ‘Bridging the Transatlantic Counterterrorism Gap’, The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 29, No. 4, pp. 33-50. http://www.brookings.edu/views/articles/fellows/shapiro20060901.pdf

Aldrich, Richard (2009), ‘US-European Intelligence Co-operation on Counter- Terrorism: Low Politics and Compulsion’, British Journal of Politics and International Relations, Vol. 11, Issue 1, pp. 122-139.

Aaron, David (et al) (2004), The Post 9/11 Partnership: Transatlantic Cooperation against Terrorism, Washington D.C.:The Atlantic Council of the United States. http://www.acus.org/publication/post-9-11-partnership-transatlantic-cooperation- against-terrorism

Bacevich, Andrew (2001), ‘Between the Lines: Terrorizing the Truth’, Foreign Policy, No. 125, pp. 74-75.

Boer, Monica den, & Monar, Jorg (2002), ‘Keynote Article: 11 September and the Challenge of Global Terrorism to the EU as a Security Actor’, Journal Common Market Studies, Vol. 40, Issue 1, pp. 11-28.

Byford, G. (2002), ‘The Wrong War’, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 81, Issue 4, pp.34-43.

Byman, Daniel (2005), ‘Passive Sponsors of Terrorism’ Survival, Vol. 47, Issue 4, pp. 34-43.

- (2007), ‘US counter-terrorism options: A Taxonomy’, Survival, Vol. 49, Issue 3, pp. 121-150.

Delpech, Therese (2002), ‘International terrorism and Europe’, Chaillot Papers, No. 56, Paris: EU Institute for Security Studies.

Dubois, D. (2002), ‘The Attacks of 11 September: EU-US Cooperation against Terrorism in the field of Justice and Home Affairs’, European Foreign Affairs Review, Vol. 7, Issue 3, pp.317-335.

Haas, Richard and O’Sullivan, M. (2000), ‘Terms of engagement: alternatives to punitive policies’, Survival, Vol. 42, Issue 2, pp. 113-135.

Hoffman, Bruce (1999), ‘Is Europe Soft on Terrorism?’ Foreign Policy, No. 115, pp. 62- 76.

Kagan, Robert (2002), ‘One year after: A Grand Strategy for the West’, Survival, Vol. 44, Issue 4, pp. 135-139.

M13018 Transatlantic Security Relations 22 2010-11 Pillar, Paul (2001), Terrorism and U.S. Foreign Policy, Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution Press.

Pluta, A. & Zimmerman, P. (2006), ‘Nuclear terrorism: A disheartening dissent’, Survival, Vol. 48, Issue 2, pp. 55-69.

Rees, Wyn (2006), Transatlantic Counter-terrorism Cooperation: the New Imperative, Abingdon: Routledge.

Reinares, F (ed.) (2000), European Democracies against Terrorism: Governmental Policies and Intergovernmental Cooperation, Aldershot: Ashgate.

Roy, Olivier (et al) (2000), ‘America and the new terrorism: an exchange’, Survival, Vol. 42, Issue 2, pp. 156-172.

Stevenson, Jonathan (2003), ‘How Europe and America defend themselves’, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 82, Issue 2, pp. 75-90.

Patterns of Global Terrorism http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/pgtrpt/2000/

1. Since 1990 has Europe been soft on terrorism?

2. Evaluate the success of the US ‘War on Terrorism’ since September 2001?

Week 10 The Future of Transatlantic Security Relations

This seminar will seek to assess trends in transatlantic security relations since 2003 and it will investigate the impact of the conflict in Afghanistan.

Essential Reading

Dunn. David (2009), ‘Assessing the debate, assessing the damage: Transatlantic Relations after Bush’, British Journal of Politics and International Relations, Vol. 11, Issue 1, pp. 4-24.

Steinberg, James (2003), ‘An Elective Partnership: Salvaging transatlantic relations’ Survival, Vol. 45, Issue 2, pp.113-146.

Allin, Dana (2004), ‘The Atlantic crisis of confidence’, International Affairs, Vol. 80, No. 4, pp. 649-663.

Allin, Dana (et al) (2007), ‘Repairing the damage: Possibilities and limits of transatlantic consensus’, Adelphi Paper, Vol. 47, No. 389, IISS (International Institute for Strategic Studies); Routledge.

M13018 Transatlantic Security Relations 23 2010-11 Anderson, J. (et al) (eds.) (2008), ‘Introduction and Chapter 5’ in The end of the West? Crisis and Change in the Atlantic Order, Ithaca, NY; London: Cornell University Press.

Asmus, Ron (2003), ‘Rebuilding the Atlantic Alliance’, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 82, Issue 5, pp. 20-31.

Brimmer, Esther (2007), ‘Seeing blue: American visions of the European Union’, Chaillot Papers, No. 105. EU Institute for Security Studies http://www.iss.europa.eu/uploads/media/cp105.pdf

Croci, O. and Verdun, A. (ed.) (2006), The Transatlantic Divide: foreign and security policies in the Atlantic Alliance from Kosovo to Iraq, Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Dassu, M. and Menotti, R. (2005), ‘Europe and America in the Age of Bush’, Survival, Vol. 47, Issue 1, pp. 105-122.

Dobbins, James (2005), ‘New directions for transatlantic security cooperation’, Survival, Vol. 47, Issue 4, pp. 39-54.

European Commission (2005), ‘Review of the Framework for Relations between the European Union and the United States’, Final Report, DG External Relations Unit C1; the European Commission. http://www.statewatch.org/news/2007/dec/eu-us- relations-study.pdf

Freedman, Lawrence (2005 / 2006), ‘The transatlantic Agenda: Vision and Counter- Vision’, Survival, Vol. 47, Issue 4, pp. 19-38.

Gärtner, Hans (et al) (2005), European Security and Transatlantic Relations After 9/11 and The Iraq War, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Gordon, Philip (2003), ‘Bridging the Atlantic divide’, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 82, Issue 1, pp. 70-83.

Gordon, Philip & Shapiro, Jeremy (2004), ‘Part II’ in Allies at War: America, Europe and the Crisis over Iraq [electronic resource], New York: McGraw-Hill.

Hoffmann, Stanley (2003), ‘US-European Relations: Past and Future’, International Affairs, Vol. 79, No. 5, pp. 1029-1036.

Kagan, Robert (2004), ‘America’s Crisis of Legitimacy’, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 82, Issue 2, pp. 65-87.

Kotzias, N. and Liacouras, P. (2006), EU-US Relations : Repairing the Transatlantic Rift, Basingstoke : Palgrave Macmillan.

Moravcsik, Andrew (2003), ‘Striking a new transatlantic bargain’, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 82, Issue 4, pp. 74-89.

M13018 Transatlantic Security Relations 24 2010-11 Nye, Joseph (2003), ‘US power and Strategy after Iraq’, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 82, Issue 4, pp. 60-73.

Peterson, John (2004), ‘America as a European power: the End of Empire by Integration?’, International Affairs, Vol. 80, No. 4, pp. 613-629.

Serfaty, Simon (2005), The Vital partnership: Power and Order: America and Europe beyond Iraq, Lanham, MD; Oxford: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers.

Wallace, William (2001), ‘Europe, the Necessary Partner’, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 80, Issue 3, pp. 16-34.

Yost, David (2002), ‘Transatlantic relations and peace in Europe’, International Affairs, Vol. 78, No. 2, pp. 277-300.

Afghanistan Case Study

Christia, F. and Semple, M. (2009), ‘Flipping the Taliban’, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 88, Issue 4, pp. 34-45.

Rubin, Barnett (2007), ‘Saving Afghanistan’, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 86, Issue 1, pp. 57- 78.

Rubin, Barnett and Rashid, A. (2008), ‘From Great Game to Grand Bargain’, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 87, Issue 6, pp. 30-44.

Webber, Mark (2009), ‘NATO: the United States, Transformation and the War in Afghanistan’, British Journal of Politics and International Relations, Vol. 11, Issue 1, pp.46-63.

1. After 2003, Condoleeza Rice advocated that America policy be to forgive Russia, ignore Germany and punish France. Account for these priorities.

2. How significant has the impact been of the Obama administration on repairing transatlantic relations?

3. Is the war in Afghanistan breaking NATO?

M13018 Transatlantic Security Relations 25 2010-11 Method and Frequency of Classes:

Location of Seminar: Pharm A06 Day: Wednesday Time: 9 - 11

Location of Seminar: Port C20 Day: Friday Time: 1 - 3

Method of Assessment:

This 20 credit module will be assessed on the following basis:

Assessment Type Weight Requirements Exam 1 50% Unseen exam 2-hours Coursework 1 40% 3,000 words Briefing Paper 10% Presentation in class and two page summary

The assessed essay should be submitted to the School Office by Wednesday 17th November. When submitting your essay please make sure that you submit it in duplicate, date stamp both the essays and the cover sheet and then submit in person to the School Office. You will be issued with a receipt for your essay. Please note that the School Office will be open from 10am till 4pm (Monday to Friday) on submission days. Essays handed in after 4pm will be stamped as late and usual University penalties will be applied.

The standard University penalty for late submission should be 5% absolute standard University scale per normal working day, until the mark reaches zero. For example, an original mark of 67% would be successively reduced to 62%, 57%, 52%, 47% etc. Normal working days include vacation periods, but not weekends or public holidays. Applications for extensions will not normally be considered retrospectively. Any student wishing to apply for an extension should collect and complete the necessary forms from the School Office.

Applications for extensions will not normally be considered retrospectively. Any student wishing to apply for an extension should collect and complete the necessary forms from the School Office and submit these to the relevant Year Tutor together with any necessary documentary evidence.

General texts for this module will be:

Dannreuther, R. and Peterson, J. (eds.) (2006), Security Strategy and Transatlantic Relations, Abingdon: Routledge.

Rees, Wyn, (forthcoming) The US-EU Security Relationship: The Tensions Between a European and a Global Agenda, Palgrave/Macmillan.

M13018 Transatlantic Security Relations 26 2010-11 Forsberg, Tuomas & Herd, Graeme (2006), Divided West: European Security and the Transatlantic Relationship, London: Royal Institute of International Affairs.

Kagan, R. (2004), Paradise and Power: American and Europe in the New World Order, London: Atlantic.

McGuire, Steve & Smith, Michael (2008), The European Union and the United States: Convergence and Competition in the Global Arena, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Electronic course materials for this module will be available on WebCT which will be explained in the first seminar. Some journals, such as Survival, EFAR and The Washington Quarterly are only available electronically. Others, such as International Affairs, can be accessed in hard copy or electronically.

Some useful internet addresses are:

NATO http://www.nato.int

Council of the European Union http://www.consilium.europa.eu

EU Delegation to the US http://www.eurunion.org

US Mission to the EU http://www.useu.be

The Atlantic Council http://www.acus.org

British American Security Information Council http://www.basicint.org/about.htm

International Security Network http://www.isn.ethz.ch

EU Institute for Security Studies http://www.iss-eu.org

Centre for European Reform http://www.cer.org.uk

Washington Quarterly http://www.twq.com

Belfer Center for science and international affairs http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu at Harvard University

The Brookings Institution http://www.brookings.edu

Cato Institute http://www.cato.org

Council on Foreign Relations http://www.cfr.org

Center for Strategic & International Studies http://www.csis.org

Center for Defense Information http://www.cdi.org

The Heritage Foundation http://www.heritage.org M13018 Transatlantic Security Relations 27 2010-11 Institute for National Strategic Studies http://www.ndu.edu/inss at the National Defense Univeristy (U.S.)

Federation of American Scientists http://www.fas.org

FORNET http://www.fornet.info (A network of research and teaching on European Foreign Policy)

Monterey Institute of International Studies http://cns.miis.edu

Nautilus Institute http://www.nautilus.org

Stimson Center http://www.stimson.org

United States of Institute of Peace http://www.usip.org

US government portal www.usa.gov

National Bureau of Asian Research www.nbr.org

Coursework Support:

The Hallward Library and Halls of Residence have a number of networked PCs to facilitate access to information on holdings.

As Module Convenor please contact me if you have any difficulties with the module or assessed work. I will be available without appointment during my office hours. Appointments to meet at other times can be made by email.

Guidance to Essay Writing:

A short guide for students on essay writing skills and an outline of the marking criteria used by staff is available from the School intranet.

M13018 Transatlantic Security Relations 28 2010-11 Assessed Essay Titles

Choose One

1. EITHER (a) ‘The UK’s ‘special relationship’ with the US has undermined the unity of Europe’s transatlantic policies’. Discuss

OR (b) ‘France has acted as a spoiler within transatlantic relations’. Discuss.

2. ‘European and American differences towards the employment of military force in the 1990s reflects the gulf in their strategic capabilities’. Discuss.

3. Has the US been justified in its concerns about the development of the EU’s European Security and Defence Policy (now renamed Common Security and Defence Policy)? Discuss.

4. Why did the enlargement of NATO to states of Central Europe take place more quickly than that of the EU?

5. Evaluate the extent of the divergence between the US and its European allies in relation to countering nuclear proliferation.

6. ‘US policy is driven by security fears; European policy is determined by commercial interests’. Is this a fair description of contending transatlantic approaches to ‘states of concern’?

7. ‘The perfect storm’. What is meant by this description of US-European disagreement over the 2003 War against Iraq and to what extent is it accurate?

8. To what degree has US-European counterterrorism cooperation been driven by the US?

Past Exam Papers can be found on WebCT

M13018 Transatlantic Security Relations 29 2010-11