8.2 the Countries of Caribbean South America

Name: 8.2 The Countries of Caribbean South America Colombia (190-93)

Colombia

1. History - The Chibcha a) This was the early civilization of people that lived in Colombia. b) The Chibcha covered their new rulers in ______& then took them to a lake to wash the gold off. . As the new ruler washed, the Chibcha threw ______and ______objects into the water. c) The Chibcha were well-developed as they practiced ______making, weaving, and ______.

2. Spanish Conquest a) 1500  ______explorers arrived on the Caribbean coast of South America. . The Spaniards wanted to ______their empire so they ______the Chibcha and seized much of their treasure. . Soon after, they claimed land for themselves and founded a colony and cities along the ______.

b) One colonial city, Cartagena, was a major ______and ______in the Spanish empire.

c) 1600s  the Spanish had set up large estates in Colombia where they forced South American ______and ______to work the land.

3. Independence a) Late 1700s  Colombia started fighting for ______from ______. . After independence the republic of ______was created.  It included Colombia, ______, ______, and Venezuela. . 1830  the republic dissolved, and ______, which included Colombia and Panama, was created.

b) After independence two groups debated over how Colombia should be run. . What was the main difference between these two groups?

c) 1800s & 1900s  Outbreaks of violence took place killing ______. . What kept the country isolated and hard to unite? 4. Colombia Today a) Colombia is Caribbean South America’s most ______country. . The capital is ______. . 40 years of ______has been destructive to the country.

5. People and Culture a) Where do most Colombians live?

. How do the Cauca and Magdalena Rivers benefit life in Colombia?

b) The religion most Colombians practice is ______.

c) The official language is ______.

6. Economy a) Rich ______, steep ______, and tall ______produce world-famous Colombian ______. . Other major export crops include ______, ______, and ______. . Colombia also grows flowers that are exported to places like the ______.

b) Recently ______has become a major export of Colombia. . Most of the world’s ______also come from here.

7. Civil War a) Many different groups have waged civil war with each other and with Colombia’s ______for many years. . One of these groups is an army of guerillas, or ______. . These people want to ______the government. . Many Colombians have fled the country and these groups take the farmers land to grow the ______plant which is used to make the dangerous drug ______.

b) The ______has provided assistance to Colombia’s government to help the problems of the country.

Venezuela 1. Spanish Settlement and Colonial Rule a. The Spanish came to Venezuela hoping to find ______so they forced the native Indians to search for these treasures. b. When there was no gold or pearls they turned to agriculture and grew indigo which is a ______. . Why did many of the Indians die? Who did the Spanish get to replace the Indians? 2. Independence and Self-Rule a. ______helped lead the fight against Spanish rule in Venezuela. . Bolivar is known as the “______of South America”. . He helped win Venezuelan independence from Spain in ______.

b. Describe the problems Venezuela faced throughout the 1800s.

3. People and Culture a. The majority of Venezuelans are of mixed ______and ______descent. . People of European descent live in the ______. . People of African descent live along the ______. b. Most Venezuelans are ______-speaking ______.

4. Venezuela Today a. Agriculture and Ranching – . Northern Venezuela has some small ______farms as well as large ______farms. . Llaneros – or Venezuelan ______– herd cattle on the many ranches of the ______region.

b. Economy and Natural Resources . In the 1960s Venezuela began earning money from ______. . The ______and ______are rich in oil. . Venezuela is the only South American member of the ______(OPEC). 1. What does OPEC try to do?

c. ______is Venezuela’s capital.

5. Government a. After years of being ruled by military ______, the people elected their first ______in 1959. . In 2002 Venezuela’s president, ______, started to distribute the country’s oil income ______among all Venezuelans. . Millions of Venezuelans went on strike to protest the president’s actions as well as a failing ______. What is a strike?

b. Many Venezuelans opposed to President Chavez called for a referendum or ______.

The Guianas 1. The Guiana’s contain the countries of ______.

Guyana

1. About ______of the country’s population lives in ______, the capital. a. Most of Guyana’s farmland is located along the ______. b. Guyana’s most important crops are ______and ______.

2. Where are about half of Guyana’s people from?

Suriname

1. What cultures make up the population of Suriname?

2. The capital, ______, is home to nearly half of the country’s population.

French Guiana

1. French Guiana is a territory of ______and sends representatives to the government in ______. a. Most of the people live in ______and about two-thirds are from ______descent.