TEST 2 American Revolution And New Government

TEST 3 1800s, War of 12, Jeffersonian, Political Parties Multiple Choice.

1. George Washington established the principle of executive privilege in a dispute with Congress over the a. Alien and Sedition Acts b. legality of political parties c. Jay Treaty d. Whiskey Rebellion e. Louisiana Purchase

2. Which of the following best summarizes the strict constructionist position on the establishment of National Bank? a. All matters not clearly reconciled by the Constitution, such as the establishment of national bank, must be arbitrated by the federal judiciary. b. The establishment of the National Bank is necessary to strengthen the United States economy and therefore must be allowed even if it is technically unconstitutional c. The decision on whether to establish a National Bank, like all important governmental decisions, should be left in the hands of a powerful executive branch. d. The Constitution allows the establishment of the bank, because it allows Congress to take any action necessary to exercise its enumerated powers. e. The Constitution forbids the establishment of the bank, because creating a bank is not among the Congress’ enumerated powers.

3. The peace treaty ending the war between Britain and America was the a. Treaty of London. b. Treaty of Paris. c. Treaty of Lisbon. d. Versailles Treaty. e. Treaty of Ghent.

4. The Louisiana Purchase was an important factor in the development of U.S. trade because it a. opened new markets among the western Indian nations b. gave the country complete control of the Mississippi River c. added numerous French factories in the Louisiana Territory to the U.S. economy d. facilitated the immediate completion of the transcontinental railroad. e. allowed the United States to develop ports on the Pacific coast.

5. tttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttt a. the Congregational Church. b. the Methodist Church. c. the Catholic Church. d. the Baptist Church. e. the Anglican Church.

6. The Northwest Ordinance included all of the following except a. a prohibition on slavery. b. a division of the territory into three to five future states. c. the prohibition of African Americans moving into the territory. d. provisions for the territories to enter the confederation on equal footing with those already in existence. e. protection for civil liberties.

7. Many slaves earned their freedom during the Revolutionary War a. by fighting for the British. b. by running away. c. by fighting for the Americans. d. through court decisions and legislative actions.

1 e. all of the above.

8. The central government under the Articles of Confederation raised money by a. enacting a national sales tax. b. passing import/export tariffs. c. attacking British merchant ships. d. imposing an income tax. e. requisitioning funds and printing currency.

9. The Articles of Confederation a. gave the central government complete and compulsive power over the states and the citizens. b. included an independent executive branch. c. never went into effect because it was never ratified. d. created a strong court system. e. created a central government that was weaker than the individual states.

10. Most loyalists a. strongly rejected the American ideals of liberty and self-government. b. remained neutral during the American Revolution. c. sided with England because it seemed less risky than supporting an untried American union. d. patriotically participated in the fight for American independence. e. joined the Indian tribes.

11. In the years after the end of the American Revolution, slavery a. was abolished in all the Northern states. b. became less important in the South because of the decline of the cotton culture. c. almost disappeared in the upper South. d. was strengthened in the Northern cities. e. remained the same as before the war.

12. Shays’s rebellion was significant because it a. convinced many conservatives that a stronger central government was necessary. b. led to state laws exempting farmland from foreclosure. c. was the only debtors' rebellion in U.S. history. d. destroyed the power of the “cosmopolitan” group in Massachusetts politics. e. marked the beginning of the labor movement in American history.

13. In the Virginia Plan, James Madison proposed a. that the president and senators serve lifetime terms of office. b. a two-house legislature with representation based on population. c. that all public officials be elected by popular vote. d. a one house legislature based on the principle of one state, one vote. e. separation of church and state.

14. Britain’s new imperial policy after 1763 can best be described as a. one of increased centralized control over the colonies. b. one of relaxed control over the colonies. c. unchanged from before 1763. d. one that sought to get rid of the colonies. e. one that sought to exterminate the Indians.

15. During Pontiac’s War, a. combined Indian tribal forces seized ten British forts and besieged two others.

2 b. the English introduced germ warfare by giving the Indians smallpox-infested blankets. c. the Paxton Boys murdered unarmed Christian Indian men, women, and children. d. the Indians were united as never before. e. all of the above.

16. The Connecticut or Great Compromise of the Constitution a. established the status of slaves for both taxation and representation purposes. b. was proposed by Alexander Hamilton. c. created the Bill of Rights. d. established a legislature with one house based on population and one house based on state equality. e. determined how slaves were to be counted.

17. The Constitution of 1787 provided that the president and vice president a. would be elected by popular vote. b. would be chosen by state legislatures. c. would be chosen by an electoral college. d. would be limited to two terms of office. e. would be elected by the House and Senate.

18. The central government created by the Constitution of 1787 had the power to a. tax. b. control foreign trade. c. pass and enforce laws. d. regulate interstate trade e. all of the above

19. The most serious criticism of the Constitution during ratification was the a. establishment of a standing army. b. lack of a specific list of citizens’ rights. c. absence of references to God. d. failure to designate a national capital. e. undemocratic nature of the electoral college.

20. The first state to ratify the Constitution was a. Virginia. b. Delaware. c. Connecticut. d. Pennsylvania. e. Rhode Island. 21. The Sugar Act (1764) placed a duty, or tax, on a. imported French molasses. b. domestic refined sugar. c. British molasses. d. Canadian rum. e. all agricultural products.

22. The Proclamation of 1763 a. called for an intercolonial government. b. prohibited American settlements west of the Appalachian mountains. c. attempted to raise a revenue in the colonies. d. attempted to grant the colonists representatives in Parliament. e. declared colonial resistance to imperial rule.

23. Which of the following was not part of Britain’s new imperial system after 1763?

3 a. the Sugar Act b. the Molasses Act c. the Stamp Act d. the Currency Act e. the Quartering Act

24. The reason most Americans took up arms in 1775 was a. to establish a republican regime. b. to avoid paying taxes. c. to restore the empire to what it had been before 1763. d. to establish a radically new vision of the future. e. to fight the Indians.

25. The main argument of Thomas Paine’s Common Sense a. moderated the system of taxation employed by the British. b. demanded representation in the British Parliament. c. denounced the monarchy as a degenerate institution. d. called for George Washington to be named king. e. demanded that France enter the war.

26. The English responded to colonial complaints against “taxation without representation” by asserting that a. colonial lobbyists in London represented local interests there. b. the assemblies provided adequate protection for colonial rights. c. each member of Parliament virtually represented all the citizens of the empire. d. each colony could send a representative to the House of Commons. e. representation was not necessary for a government to tax.

27. ______drafted the Virginia Resolutions in 1765, which stated that colonists could be taxed only by their own assemblies. a. George Washington b. John Dickinson c. Patrick Henry d. Thomas Jefferson e. James Madison

28. The Declaratory Act a. repealed the Stamp Act. b. declared that the colonies were in a state of insurrection. c. asserted Parliament’s absolute right to legislate for the colonies. d. nullified the charters of Massachusetts and Rhode Island. e. established new taxes on the colonists.

29. The principal reform envisioned by the Townshend Revenue Act was a. to raise revenue. b. to unload tea from the East India Company. c. to establish the power of the King to tax. d. to hurt colonial trade. e. to pay the salaries of colonial governors and judges.

30. In response to the Gaspée affair of 1772–73, colonial assemblies formed a. militia units. b. committees of correspondence.

4 c. provisional governments. d. a national army. e. a delegation to Parliament.

31. Reasons for the colonists’ anger over the Tea Act included a. the monopolization rights given to certain merchants. b. the attempt to tax the colonists with cheaper tea. c. many tea merchants would be hurt by the act. d. fear that it would lead to further destruction of liberty. e. all of the above.

32. The Coercive Acts a. attempted to impose new taxes on the colonies. b. closed the port of Boston. c. reorganized the government of Massachusetts. d. extended the power of the governor of New York. e. both b and c

33. The British government measure that established French civil law and the Roman Catholic Church in the province of Quebec was known as the a. Toleration Act. b. Quebec Act. c. Proclamation of 1763. d. Coercive Act. e. the Stamp Act.

34. The colonial response to the Coercive Acts (1774) was the calling of a. the Confederation Congress. b. the First Continental Congress. c. the Second Continental Congress. d. the Albany Congress. e. a constitutional convention.

35. The goal of the British troops sent to Lexington and Concord in April 1775 was a. to destroy the military equipment stored there. b. to arrest John Hancock. c. to arrest Samuel Adams. d. to demonstrate the authority to use force against the delinquents. e. all of the above.

36 The Tea Act (1773) a. attempted to save the British East India Company from financial disaster. b. removed the tax on colonists’ tea. c. increased the price of colonists’ tea. d. placed a high new tax on the colonists’ tea. e. was welcomed by the Americans. 37. In 1770, British Parliament repealed each of the Townshend Duties except for the one on a. glass. b. lead. c. tea. d. paper. e. painters’ colors.

38. The group most responsible for overt resistance to acts of Parliament was the

5 a. Paxton Boys. b. Sons of Liberty. c. colonial assemblies. d. Regulators. e. slaves.

39. The Revenue Act of 1766 amended the ______Act by reducing the duty on molasses from three pence per gallon to one penny. a. Sugar b. Stamp c. Quartering d. Townshend e. Declaratory

40. The colonial response to the Stamp Act included a. street violence and riots. b. economic boycotts. c. petitions to Parliament. d. resolutions passed by colonial assemblies e. all of the above.

41. The colonists opposed the Stamp Tax because it a. was the first direct internal tax passed by Parliament for the North American colonies. b. was an indirect external tax on goods imported into the colonies. c. was too expensive to enforce. d. gave too much authority to colonial common law courts. e. required a large number of tax collectors to be sent from England.

42. The Declaration of Independence was written primarily by a. John Adams. b. Benjamin Franklin. c. Thomas Jefferson. d. James Madison.

43. The purpose of George Grenville’s revenue policies was to a. force the colonies to pay the entire British debt. b. reward the colonies for their cooperation during the Seven Years’ War. c. centralize and increase British control over the colonies. d. encourage voluntaristic participation of the colonies in determining their own tax burden. e. encourage the colonies to declare independence.

44. The Sons of Liberty was a. the committee that wrote the Declaration of Independence. b. a group of English customs officials who refused to take bribes from colonial merchants. c. a division of the Continental Army. d. a group of Indians that united to resist white settlement in the West. e. a vigilante group that organized violent protests against English tax laws.

45. Which of the following was not part of the Townshend program? a. a tax on tea, paper, paint, lead, and glass imported into the colonies b. recognition of colonial authority in providing supplies and housing for British troops c. the use of tax revenues to pay the salaries of colonial governors and judges d. relocation of British troops from the frontier to the major seaport cities e. creation of a separate American Board of Customs Commissioners in Boston

6 46. Colonial assemblies set up committees of correspondence to a. coordinate intercolonial communication and organize efforts to defend American liberties. b. send letters and petitions expressing colonial views to England. c. organize the first postal system in North America. d. promote friendly relations by encouraging colonials to write to English pen pals. e. deal with Indian uprisings.

47. The Boston Massacre trials and the Gaspee Affair a. convinced the English that they should punish and “make an example of” individual political activists. b. led to improved relations between the colonies and England. c. increased colonial fear and distrust of English motives and policies. d. effectively established Parliament’s right to tax the colonies. e. had no lasting impact on relations between the colonies and England.

48. Sarah Osborn was noted as a. the first black college student in American history. b. one of the victims of the Boston Massacre. c. the founder of an innovative Newport School for women and Africans. d. a vocal opponent of the nonimportation policy. e. a delegate to the Second Continental Congress.

49. Colonists objected to the Quebec Act because it a. nullified colonial property rights in Ohio. b. extended French civil law to—and protected the Roman Catholic Church in—the area between the Great Lakes and the Ohio River. c. established French as the official language of Canada. d. blocked chances for their own expansion. e. raised their taxes.

50. The Boston Massacre a. occurred when a group of British soldiers illegally fired into a crowd that was harassing them. b. was followed by a murder trial in which John Adams and Josiah Quincy, Jr. acted as defense attorneys. c. resulted in a change of quarters for British soldiers from the city of Boston to Castle William in Boston Harbor. d. marked the failure of Britain’s attempt at military coercion. e. all of the above.

51. By early 1776, delegates within the Second Continental Congress from all of the following colonies except ______favored independence. a. New England. b. Georgia. c. New York. d. Virginia. e. Massachusetts 52. The Stamp Act a. was at first accepted grudgingly by most colonial leaders. b. was an external tax. c. was the last in a series of direct taxes on the colonies. d. exempted newspapers and pamphlets. e. lowered taxes in the colonies.

7 53. All of the following are true about the Revenue Act of 1766 except that a. it reduced the duty on molasses. b. it was clearly a revenue measure. c. it generated more income for the empire than any other colonial tax. d. it applied only to foreign molasses imported into the mainland. e. few colonists attacked it for violating the principle of no taxation without representation.

54. The 1767 confrontation over implementation of the Quartering Act occurred in a. Massachusetts. b. New York. c. Pennsylvania. d. Virginia. e. Georgia.

55. Which of the following statements about the Tea Act of 1773 is not true? a. It repealed import duties on tea in England. b. It mandated that tea to the colonies arrive only on special East India Company ships. c. It restricted tea sales to only a few distributors in each colonial port. d. The East India Company’s tea would sell cheaper than smuggled tea. e. It was designed to provide the British government with much-needed revenue.

56. The only colony not to send a delegation to the First Continental Congress was a. Georgia. b. Vermont. c. Rhode Island. d. South Carolina. e. Massachusetts.

57. The greatest revenues to come in from the Sugar Act were likely the result from the tax on a. refined sugar. b. molasses. c. Madeira wine. d. coffee. e. tea.

58. Which of the following was not a consequence of the Boston Tea Party? a. British soldiers could now be housed among civilians if necessary. b. Town meetings in Massachusetts were prohibited. c. The port of Boston was closed until Bostonians had made restitution for the tea. d. British soldiers or officials charged with a crime while carrying out duties in Massachusetts would be tried either in another colony or in England. e. the Massachusetts council was to be appointed.

TRUE/FALSE

_____ 59.. The Quartering Act (1765) stated that one-fourth of the revenue from the Stamp Act was to be given back to the colonies.

8 _____6 0. The Proclamation of 1763 was followed earnestly by North American colonists.

_____ 61. The Proclamation of 1763 attempted to stop white colonization at the Appalachian watershed.

_____ 62. In response to the Coercive Acts, the American colonies called the First Continental Congress.

_____ 63. The goal of George Grenville’s revenue plan was to force the colonies to pay Britain’s national debt.

FILL-INS

64. Pennsylvania vigilantes that attempted to destroy Christian Indians on the western frontier were known as the ______.

65. The ______Act launched the first post-1763 colonial crisis.

66. ______led the first wave of opposition to the Stamp Act in the Virginia House of Burgesses.

67. The greatest Indian opposition to the Proclamation of 1763 came from the ______.

68. The war for American independence was ended with the Treaty of ______.

69. The supporters of the Constitution of 1787 during the ratification process were called ______.

70.______large-scale, unsuccessful rural revolt in early 1787 in western Massachusetts. Led by debtor farmers against commercial forces located in the eastern part of the state. Convinced many gentlemen and artisans of the need for a strong central government.

71. ______proposed by William Paterson at the Constitutional Convention. Called for equal representation among all the states in Congress.