Word Within the Word Lesson #12 ROOT DEFINITION EXAMPLES ORIGIN an- without anemia, anechoic, anaerobic, anorexia, anarchy Greek ab away abnormal, abjure, absent, abroad, abrogate, abrupt, Latin abduct, abdicate mel song melody, melodrama, melodeon, melodious, melodia Greek aden gland adenoid, adenine, adenoma, adenovirus Greek aer air aerobic, aerie, aerosol, aerial, aerobes, aerodynamics, Greek malaria alb white albumen, alba, album, albino, albinism, albedo Latin ase enzyme permease, galactosidase, proteinase, luciferase Greek epi on epicenter, epidemic, epigram, epidermis, epigraph, Greek epitaph hum earth humus, exhume, posthumous, humble, humiliate, Latin human -be life microbe, aerobe, anaerobe Greek bon good bonny, bonanza, bon mot, bonus, bon vivant, Latin bonhomie, bona fide struct build construct, destruct, substructure, instruction, structure, Latin infrastructure chlor green chlorophyll, chlorine, chloroplasts, chlorella Greek cyan blue pyocyanin, cyanide, cyan, cyanophyta, cyanosis, Greek cyanotype cyt cell erythrocyte, leucocyte, cytology, cytoplasm, Greek melanocyte diplo double diplococcus, diploid, diplomacy, diplopoda, diplopia Greek dys bad dysentery, dyslexia, dystrophy, dysfunction, dysphonia Greek eco house ecology, economy, ecosystem, ecotone, economist, Greek ecologist emia blood bacteremia, anemia, hypoglycemia, toxemia Greek enter intestine enteritis, dysentery, gastroenteritis, enterozoan Latin erythro red erythrocyte, erythroblastosis, erythrism, erythromycin Greek idio peculiar idiot, idiosyncrasy, idiomorphous, idiom, idiot savant Greek exo out exotoxin, exogenous, exodus, exorbitant, exorcism, Greek exotic, exobiology im not impossible, impassable, improbable, imperfect, Latin immobile, impecunious fil thread filiform, filicineae, filament, filarial, filigree, defile Latin Word Within the Word Lesson #12
Using the context clues from the sentence and your understanding of the root, define the underlined words in the following sentences.
1. The anarchist had a severe case of anemia. 2. The absentee landlord was abruptly abducted. 3. We advised the adventurer to admire his adversary. 4. The melodeon played a sappy melody during the melodrama. 5. The pilot studied aeronautics and aerodynamics. 6. The albino stared at the white pages of the blank album. 7. Luciferase is the enzyme in the luminous organs of the firefly. 8. Does Benjamin Franklin’s tombstone epitaph contain a witty epigram? 9. At the exhumation, the rich humus was removed from the humble grave. 10. Microbes are a favorite subject of biological studies. 11. The bonny lass discovered the bonanza by accident. 12. The superstructure was constructed in three days. 13. Chlorine from the pool damaged the chlorophyll in the plants. 14. He held the cyanotype to the light and admired the sharp, blue jeans. 15. The cytologist watched the leucocytes and erythrocytes through the microscope. 16. She folded the diploma double and handed it to the waiting diplomat. 17. His dyslexia made it difficult for him to pronounce words. 18. The ecologist was fascinated with the living things in the ecosystem. 19. The senator had hypoglycemia, not anemia. 20. A specialist in dysentery and enteritis explained the rare intestinal ailment. 21. The blood’s erythrocytes are generated by erythroblasts in the bones. 22. The idiot savant was a handicapped artist with idiosyncrasies. 23. The crowd made a sudden exodus when the exorcism began. 24. The journey is impossible because the roads are impassable. 25. The gold filigree in her jewelry resembled the bright filaments in a light bulb.
Mystery Questions #12
1. Are anaerobic bacteria found primarily in windy places? Word Within the Word Lesson #12 2. Is a thoroughbred race horse a filigree?
3. Would you put iodine on gastroenteritis?
4. Would you enjoy receiving a posthumous award?
5. Does a person with hypoglycemia have a low supply of blood sugar?
6. Is an erythrocyte a white blood cell?
7. Is the epidermis on the dermis?
8. Is albumen the egg white or the egg yoke?
9. Is the epicenter of an earthquake far from the quake’s center?
10.Has a kidnapping victim been abducted?
AESTHETICS: 1. Sometimes it is possible to relish a word purely for its artistic merit, for the poetic image it conveys. The enzyme that allows a firefly’s tail to glow in the dark, giving rise to spooky and wondrous summer evenings, is called luciferase: the devil’s enzyme. Word Within the Word Lesson #12 2. Imagine living in an aerie. How would your sense of the world, of its sounds, temperatures, colors, smell, and textures change from season to season? Why do people become fire tower operators, perched alone in tiny rooms atop high observation towers on the mountain peaks?
SYNTHESIS: 1. Use ten words from list #12 in a paragraph on the human body. 2. Suggest three life experiences that might combine to make someone become an anarchist.
DIVERGENCE: 1. How many things can you think of that will always be impossible? How many things can you think of that are immobile? Impassable? 2. Think of as many important steps as you can for specialists from the Center for Disease Control to take at the outbreak of a virulent epidemic.
ANALYSIS: 1. We adjure our friends to do something, meaning that we earnestly urge them to do it. We abjure our former beliefs, meaning that we renounce them, or give them up. Analyze the difference between these two words. Remember that to analyze something is to break it into its components and to examine the components one at a time. 2. Analyze the words gastroenteritis and hypoglycemia.
EVALUATION: 1. It is a common principle of international diplomacy that nations do not search the diplomatic pouches of other nations. It is also common to grant the diplomats of other nations diplomatic immunity from prosecution for crimes. Finally, it is common to allow the foreign diplomats safe passage out of one’s country—even in time of war. Should we continue to observe these policies?
Complete the following analogies.
1. ANAEROBIC : AEROBIC :: 6. IMPECUNIOUS : PENNILESS :: a) enteritis : dysentery a) humus : earth b) nontoxic : toxic b) defile : pollute c) filament : filigree c) construct : destruct d) bonus : bonanza d) bonny : pretty
2. MICROBE : ALBINISM :: 7. CYTOPLASM : LEUCOCYTE :: a) astronomer : telescope a) enterozoan : protozoan b) cyanophyta: chloroplasts b) building : parking lot Word Within the Word Lesson #12 c) astronomy : astrophysics c) language : idiom d) spectrum : spectrometer d) substance : object
3. ALBINO : ALBINISM :: 8. BON VIVANT : ASCETIC :: a) melodrama : cubism a) instruction : construction b) red hair : erythrism b) cytology : cytoplasm c) exodus : influx c) idiot savant : talent d) melodia : melody d) sybarite : spartan
4. ENTEROZOAN : DYSENTERY :: 9. ABJURE : ADJURE :: a) protozoan : protozoa a) renounce : entreat b) erythrocyte : leucocyte b) denounce : pronounce c) bilateral : trilateral c) abrogate : annul d) diplococcus : anorexia d) abdicate : relinquish
5. EPIGRAM : EPIGRAPH :: 10. ANARCHY : NIHILISM :: a) bon mot : inscription a) gerontocracy : pointillism b) epitaph : phonograph b) exobiology : hedonism c) diplomacy : bonhomie c) ecology : romanticism d) atrophy : dystrophy d) monarchy : absolutism
Classic Words #12
1. From John Knowles’s A Separate Peace
We had been an ______, leaderless band. a. melodious b. anaerobic c. impecunious d. idiosyncratic
2. From George Orwell’s Animal Farm Word Within the Word Lesson #12
This ______set the table in a roar. a. melodeon b. bon mot c. epitaph d. idiom
3. From James Hilton’s Lost Horizon
Barnard’s wise-cracking ______was of the kind he would have cultivated with a butler. a. epigram b. bonhomie c. abjuring d. anarchy
4. From Sir Walter Scott’s Ivanhoe
Go to the Grand Master, ______the order to his very teeth. a. exhume b. abjure c. abrogate d. abdicate
5. From Oscar Wilde’s The Picture of Dorian Gray
You cut life to pieces with your ______.
a. abrogations b. epigraphs c. epigrams d. melodramas
TEST #12
Directions: For the following words, write the definition of the root in bold.
1. hypoglycEMIA 12. AERosol 2. microBE 13. FILigree 3. ECOlogy 14. IMpervious 4. BONhomie 15. ALBum 5. exHUMe 16. ABsent 6. MELody 17. EXObiology 7. reSTRUCTure 18. DIPLOmacy 8. CYANide 19. CHLORophyll 9. ERYTHROcyte 20. CYTOplasm 10. IDIOm 21. luciferASE 11. EPIgram 22. ANarchy Word Within the Word Lesson #12 23. DYSpepsia 62. PALEOlithic 24. ADENine 63. GENetics 25. ENTERitis 64. PSYCHOneurosis 65. SACROsanct 26. ACROphobia 66. LITHograph 27. ECTOplasm 67. reTRACT 28. hypoDERMic 68. inFRACTion 29. metroPOLIS 69. HEXAgonal 30. URBane 70. METAbolism 31. TANGle 71. acroNYM 32. TEMPORary 72. LEGible 33. CHRONic 73. TACTile 34. STEREOphonic 74. RIDicule 35. ORTHOdontist 75. adenOID 36. BENEdiction 37. OMNIscient 76. NECROphobia 38. PHONetics 77. OSTEOlogist 39. HYDROcephalic 78. DIAgonal 40. SPECious 79. ORNITHology 41. TELEphone 80. TRANSpose 42. AUTOmaton 81. MEDIate 43. NEOn 82. PYROmania 44. regiCIDE 83. HYPERbole 45. BIOlogy 84. SONic 46. MALevolent 85. NOVa 47. PREdict 86. MORPHology 48. EQUIdistant 87. HEMAtoma 49. ANTIclimax 88. MONOcular 50. INTRAvenous 89. MICROcephalic 51. JUSTice 90. PHOTOgenic 52. SESSion 91. PENDing 53. reSURGence 92. ANTHROPOid 54. BASal 93. PORTer 55. APOtheosis 94. anARCHY 56. LUMinescence 95. BELLigerent 57. ANDROgen 96. ANTErior 58. teleGRAM 97. SUBtrahend 59. LOGician 98. DEduct 60. POTENTial 99. NONintervention 61. SENile 100.INTERvention