Unit 1 Question Packet Name

Unit 1 Question Packet Name ……………………………………………… Scientific Method & Measurement Period ………….

SKILLS 1. writing #s in SCIENTIFIC NOTATION 5. calculating DENSITY, MASS, OR VOLUME 2. recording measurements 6. calculating PERCENT ERROR 3. identifying SIGNIFICANT FIGURES 7. GRAPHING 4. CONVERTING UNITS

SKILL #1: Writing #s in SCIENTIFIC NOTATION

Write each of the following numbers in exponential (scientific) notation.

1. 74,000 ______2. 864,000 ______

3. 0.000005 ______4. 0.000602 ______

5. 20,000,000 ______6. 0.005 ______

7. 0.25 ______8. 1,000 ______

9. 0.1304 ______10. 6,582 ______

Write the following as whole numbers or decimals.

11. 1.5 x 103 ______12. 1.5 x 10-3 ______

13. 3.75 x 10-2 ______14. 3.75 x 102 ______

15. 2.2 x 105 ______16. 3.35 x 10-1______

17. 1 x 104 ______18. 4 x 100 ______

19. 3.54 x 10-3 ______20. 1.993 x 10-6______

SKILL #2: Recording Measurements

SKILL #2: Recording Measurements (continued) 5. ______30 6. ______50 7. ______60 0 25 50 40 0 20 40 30 0 15 30 0 20 10 20 0 10 5 10 0 SKILL #3: Identifying SIGNIFICANT FIGURES

Determine the number30 mL of significant figures in the50 following mL numbers. 60 mL

1. 0.02 ______2. 5,000. ______3. 9963 ______4. 0.020 ______5. 6,051.00 ______6. 7002 ______

7. 501 ______8. 0.0005 ______9. 0.004560 ______

10. 501.0 ______11. 0.1020 ______12. 32.054 ______

13. 5,000 ______14. 10,001 ______15. 0.00035 ______

Round the following numbers to three significant figures.

16. 26.98514 ______17. 200.59 ______18. 23.99 ______

19. 12.011 ______20. 17238.029 ______21. 45.02 ______

22. 1.0079 ______23. 196.9665 ______24. 16.94 ______

Round each of the following measurement to 3 significant figures and then write the answer in scientific notation.

25. 773.87 ______26. 0.0175222 ______27. 2456 ______28. 78.49 ______29. 9682145 ______

Determine how many significant figures should be in the answer for each of the following. Then make the calculation and write the answer with the correct number of significant figures.

30. 44 x 78.9 = ______31. 3.9865 x 77.6 = ______32. 0.00456 ÷ 0.011 = ______33. 4.00 9.9 = ______

34. 0.00598 x 0.004 = ______35. 79.6 ÷ 0.0168 = ______36. 27 ÷ 0.0838 = ______37. 0.430 x 19.11 = ______SKILL #4: CONVERTING UNITS *use REFERENCE TABLES C & D to do the following conversions. Show all work!!! GSSC

1. 3.61 g = ______kg 8. 0.5 L = ______µL

3. 0.43 kg = ______g 10. 30 cm = ______m

5. 4760 kg = ______μg

7. 83.6 pm = ______cm

9. 713 nm = ______m

2. 3.17 mL = ______L

4. 0.821 L = ______mL

6. 500 mL = ______L 11. Convert the following

a. 4.38 g/mL = ______kg/dL b. 2.7756 mm/ms = ______m/s SKILL #5: calculating DENSITY, MASS, OR VOLUME

*use REFERENCE TABLE T (AND TABLE S IF NEEDED) to do the following calculations. Show all work!!!

1. Calculate the density of a piece of paper if the mass is 0.0022 grams and the volume is 1.03 cm3.

2. Calculate the density of a metal block that has a mass of 75 grams and a volume of 22 mL.

3. Calculate the mass of 200. mL of air if the density of air is 0.0013 g/mL.

4. Determine the volume of a 5 g sample of aluminum.

5. Calculate the volume occupied by 160. g of iron.

6. Determine the density of a solution if 75.0 mL has a mass of 87.5 g.

7. Calculate the volume of a block of magnesium that has a mass of 13.8 grams.

8. What is the volume of a sample of sulfur that has a mass of 2.6 grams?

9. Find the mass of a sample of silicon that has a volume of 7.99 cm3.

10. Calculate the mass of a cube of aluminum that has a volume of 5.6 cm3.

SKILL #6: calculating PERCENT ERROR

*use REFERENCE TABLE T (AND TABLE S IF NEEDED) to do the following calculations. Show all work!!! 1. A student determines the density of zinc to be 7.56 grams per milliliter. If the accepted density is 7.14 grams per milliliter, what is the student’s percent error, expressed to the correct number of significant figures? Your answer must include both a correct numerical setup and the correct answer.

2. A student takes an object with an accepted mass of 200. grams and measures the mass using a balance. She records the mass of the object as 196.5 g. What is her percent error?

3. Working in the laboratory, a student finds the density of a piece of pure aluminum to be 2.85 g/cm3. What is the student's percent error?

4. A student calculated the percent by mass of water in a hydrate as 14.2%. A hydrate is a compound that contains water as part of its crystal structure. If the accepted value is 14.7%, what is the student’s percent error?

5. A student determines the density of an element to be 1.56 grams per cubic centimeter. If the accepted value is 1.68 grams per cubic centimeter, what is the student’s percent error?

6. A student determined the density of a silver coin to be 10.3 g/cm3. What is the student's percent error?

7. A student measures the mass and volume of a piece of aluminum. The measurements are 25.6 grams and 9.1 cubic centimeters. The student calculates the density of the aluminum. What is the percent error of the student’s calculated density of aluminum?

SKILL #7: GRAPHING

There are certain steps to follow when making a good graph in science.  Determine which variable is the independent variable and which is the dependent variable.

- Independent variable = what “I” control in the experiment (or the “if” part of your hypothesis)

- Dependent variable = the Data you collect (or the “then” part of your hypothesis)  Put the independent variable on the x-axis and the dependent variable on the y-axis.

 LABEL the x- and y-axes and include the proper UNITS!

 Scale your axes. To do this:

- start at the lowest data point given (you don’t have to start at zero)

- look at the largest # you have to include – first, try counting up by 2’s, 5’s, or 10’s for each box until you get to that number. YOU WANT TO TAKE UP AS MUCH OF THE GRID AS POSSIBLE WITHOUT GOING OFF THE GRID.

1. A substance is a solid at 15°C. A student heated a sample of the solid substance and recorded the temperature at one-minute intervals in the data table below.

 Based on the information above, what are the independent and dependent variables? [1]

Independent variable: ______

Dependent variable: ______

 On the grid below, properly label the axes. [1]

 Mark an appropriate scale on the axes. [1]

 Plot the data from the data table. Circle and connect the points. [1]

2. A 150.-gram liquid sample of stearic acid, C17H35COOH, is cooled at a constant rate. The temperature of the sample is recorded at 2-minute intervals in the data table below. On the grid below: • Mark an appropriate scale on the axis labeled “Temperature (°C).” [1] • Plot the data from the data table. Circle and connect the points. [1]

3. A gas sample is held at constant temperature in a closed system. The volume of the gas is changed, which causes the pressure of the gas to change. Volume and pressure data are shown in the table below.

 On the grid below, mark an appropriate scale on the axis labeled “Volume (mL).” [1]  On the same grid, plot the data from the table. Circle and connect the points. [1]

Based on your graph, what is the pressure of the gas when the volume of the gas is 200. milliliters? [1]

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