Bachelor's Degree Programme s2

EHI-03

Bachelor's Degree Programme (BDP)

ASSIGNMENTS

Course Code : EHI-03 India from 8th to 15th Century

School of Social Sciences Indira Gandhi National Open University Maidan Garhi, New Delhi-110 068 Assignments 1-3 2003

Programme Code : BDP Course Code : EHI-03 Dear Student, As explained in the Programme Guide for BDP, you will have to do 3 assignments for this course. Out of these, two assignments are Tutor Marked (TMAs) and one is Computer Marked (CMA). The Blockwise distribution of assignments is as follows: Assignment-1 (TMA) Blocks 1 to 4 Assignment-2 (TMA) Blocks 5 to 8 Assignment-3 (CMA) Blocks 1 to 8 Before attempting the assignments please read the instructions provided in the Programme Guide.

Assignment Nos. Date of Submission Where to send

Assignment-1 (TMA) 30.4.2003 The Coordinator of your Assignment-2 (TMA) 30.6.2003 Study Centre

Assignment-3 (CMA) 30.6.2003 The Director (SR&E) Indira Gandhi National Open University Block No. 12, Maidan Garhi, New Delhi - 110 068

Now read the following guidelines carefully before answering the questions: GUIDELINES FOR WRITING THE ASSIGNMENT In writing the assignment keep the following things in mind: Any Social Science/History writing of any kind involves (a) Planning (b) Selection (c) Presentation and (d) Interpretation. a) Planning : Think out what you are asked carefully. Go through the units and in case you want any additional material, try to locate it in the Library. See whether the question is (i) DCQ (600 words), (ii) MCQ (300 words) and (iii) SCQ (100 words). For the first and second it may be necessary to write a description with a comment. For the third YOU have to pick out the necessary facts and arrange them precisely. b) Selection : This means picking out from your material the matter important for answering your question: For this : i) Take notes of the relevant material.

ii) Look them over carefully. Delete information not directly relevant to the question.

iii) Prepare a first draft. This will help you in getting a clear idea of what information you want to put down and what you want to leave out. This will also help in giving your plan a practical shape.

2 c) Presentation : Prepare now a second draft. This is important for putting down your ideas in a sharp and clear manner. With this you will get an idea as to how you will be able to state what you want to say within the word limits. Prepare a third or a final draft to check out whether you have put down all you wanted to say. Read to check whether your answer is within the word limits. d) Interpretation : Interpretation is a constant process in history writing. It is already reflected in your planning and selection. Explanatory comments with phrases like may be, because, could be, etc., immediately introduce an element of interpretation in writing itself. Here you have to be careful that these comments can be supported by the material you have in the answer. Note : In case you run short of time you should i) prepare a rough draft, check that you haven’t left anything out, and ii) go on to write the final draft. Now we believe you are ready to answer the questions.

Note: With this assignment we are also enclosing the question papers of Term-end Examination. These are enclosed to give you an idea about the pattern of question papers for Term-end Examination. Please do not send answer of these questions to us. These are just sample papers for your information only.

3 Assignment-1 TMA-1

Course Code : EHI-03 Assignment Code: EHI-03/ASST-1/TMA-1/2003 Total Marks : 100

Note: All questions are compulsory.

Descriptive Category Questions (DCQ) : Answer in about 600 words each.

1. Discuss the chief features of a town. Critically examine regional variations in the patterns of 20 emergence and growth of urban centres during 8th to 12th centuries. Or Write in brief the trading activities during 700-1300.

2. Who were Samantas? Discuss the main functions of the Samantas. 20 Or Briefly discuss the Ghorian invasions in India. Why did the Turks succeed.

Middle Category Questions (MCQ) : Answer in about 300 words each.

3. What role did ideology play in the post-Gupta period? 12 Or Analyse the nature of Indian polity during 8th – 13th centuries.

4. Critically examine the role of nadu and valanadu in the agrarian structure of South India. 12 Or Describe the expansion of the Delhi Sultanate under the Tughluqs.

5. Analyse Delhi Sultan’s Mongol policy. 12 Or Write briefly the distribution and consolidation of political authority in Western India.

6. What are the peculiar features of sculptures, terracottas and paintings described by art 12 historians as ‘medieval factor’? Or What are the main parts in a temple plan? How did the ecological setting, raw material and regional variations decide the shape of the roof of the temples.

Short Category Questions (SCQ) : Answer in about 100 words each.

7. Write short notes on any two of the following : 6+6 i) Nagaram ii) Persian Sources iii) Turkish irruptions in Central Asia iv) Hero-stones

4 Assignment-2 TMA-2

Course Code : EHI-03 Assignment Code: EHI-03/ASST-2/TMA-2/2003 Total Marks : 100

Note: All questions are compulsory.

Descriptive Category Questions (DCQ) : Answer in about 600 words each.

1. Critically analyse the formation and composition of the Sultanate ruling class. 20 Or Examine the structure of the village community during the Sultanate period.

2. Discuss briefly the expansion and consolidation of the Vijaynagar empire. What role did 20 the religious classes play in the Vijaynagar polity? Or Analyse the factors that led to the rise of the bhakti movement. Describe the main characteristics of the monotheistic movements.

Middle Category Questions (MCQ) : Answer in about 300 words each.

3. Write a note on the currency system of the Delhi Sultans. Why Muhammad Tughluq 12 introduced ‘token currency’? Or Discuss the role of commercial classes during the Sultanate period.

4. Describe the consolidation of regional powers at Malwa and Jaunpur. Did the Lodi-Sharqi 12 struggle finally seal the fate of the Sharqi kingdom? Or Can the regional states may truly be called the successor states of the Sultanate? Comment.

5. Critically analyse the conflict between the Afaqis and the Dakhnis and their relations with 12 the king. Or Write a note on the development of architecture in Central India and the Deccan.

6. Describe in brief the development of chishti silsilah in India. 12 Or Discuss briefly the growth of sufi movement in the Islamic world.

Short Category Questions (SCQ) : Answer in about 100 words each.

7. Write short notes on any two of the following : 6+6 i) Music under Delhi Sultans ii) Growth of Urdu language iii) Position of women iv) Military technology

5 Assignment-3 CMA

Course Code : EHI-03 Assignment Code: EHI-03/ASST-3/CMA/2003 Total Marks : 100

Note: 1. All questions are compulsory. Each question carries two marks. 2. Select the right answers in each question and write the number in the response sheet given at the end.

1. During the early medieval period tanks were known as : 1. tataka, eri, pushkarini, keres 2. pushkarini, kupa, srota, kinaru 3. tataka, pushkarini, kupa, eri 4. eri, pushkarini, keres, kinaru

2. Use of step wells for irrigation purposes was particularly popular in : 1. Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh 2. Rajasthan and Gujarat 3. Gujarat and Khandesh 4. Malwa and Gujarat

3. The Cola city of Kumbakonan developed out of :

1. agrarian clusters 2. trade network 3. market centre 4. pilgrimage centre

4. The nagarams emerged during : 1. 8th-9th centuries 2. 9th-12th centuries 3. 7th-12th centuries 4. 8th-12th centuries

5. Hiuen Tsang and the Puranic records indicate about the : 1. decline in towns in the Kali age 2. rise in the towns in Kali age 3. depopulation of important cities in the Kali age 4. increase in population of important cities in the Kali age

6. During the early medieval period the decline in foreign trade with the west was : 1. caused by the failure of Indians to produce silk 2. caused by the destruction of Vallabhi 3. caused by the expansion of Arabs 4. greatly diminished after the fall of the great Raman empire

7. “Indian traders were praised for their truthfulness and honesty in business dealings”. This observation was made by : 1. Marco Polo and Nikitin 2. Marco Polo and Al-Idrisi 3. Al-Idrisi and Nikitin 4. Nikitin and Albiruni

6 8. During the early medieval period artisans worked : 1. independently 2. only in the karkhanas 3. under the command of merchants who supplied them money and raw material 4. as dependents on merchants who supplied them tools and raw material

9. Jaina Amitagati determined caste on the basis of : 1. birth 2. personal conduct 3. profession 4. varna

10. The caste superiority of the brahmanas was challenged by the Jainas in : 1. Mayamata 2. Dharmashastras 3. Kathakoshprakarana 4. Manasollasa

11. In the temple structure where the main presiding deity is located is called : 1. shikhara 2. mandapa 3. vimana 4. natmandir

12. Match the following tables and choose the correct answer : A B i) Nagara style (a) pyramidal vimana ii) Dravida style (b) circular vimana iii) Vesara style (c) Buddhist Chaitya halls iv) Prototypes of Vesara style (d) apsidal ground plan Answers: 1. (i) b (ii) c (iii) d (iv) a 2. (i) c (ii) d (iii) b (iv) a 3. (i) d (ii) b (iii) a (iv) c 4. (i) b (ii) a (iii) d (iv) c

13. During the early medieval period political structure was : 1. centralised 2. multi-centred system of power 3. bureaucratic 4. based on land grants

14. Match the following tables and choose the correct answer : A B i) Tomars (a) Ajmer ii) Chandellas (b) Malwa iii) Chauhans (c) Khajuraho iv) Parmaras (d) Delhi Answers: 1. (i) d (ii) a (iii) b (iv) c 2. (i) d (ii) c (iii) a (iv) b 3. (i) c (ii) a (iii) d (iv) b 4. (i) b (ii) a (iii) d (iv) c

7 15. During the early medieval period land grants for purely military purposes were known as : 1. deshya and gramaja 2. brahmadeya 3. devadanas 4. rajapatti

16. Haihayas of Aralu 300 were powerful : 1. over ten times the areas comprising the number of villages indicated in the suffixes to their names 2. over half the areas comprising the numbers of villages indicated in the suffixes to their names 3. over double the areas comprising the number of villages indicated in the suffixes to their names 4. over the areas comprising the number of villages indicated in the suffixes to their names

17. The new and upcoming non-kshatriya groups in the Deccan during the early medieval period sought to validate their political power by claiming descent from : 1. Rashtrakutas 2. mythical heroic lineages 3. Chahamanas 4. Gurjar Pratiharas

18. During the early medieval period king’s duty was : 1. physical protection of subjects 2. protection of the social order 3. physical protection of subjects and the protection of the social order 4. protection of the political and socio-economic order

19. Mandalams were named after a : 1. ruling dynasty 2. state 3. region 4. king

20. Name the Persian chronicler whose account covers five Sultans : 1. Amir Khusrau 2. Ziauddin Barani 3. Mihaj us Siraj 4. Shams Siraj Afif

21. Malfulzat is : 1. bardic literature 2. mystic literature 3. letters written by state officials to their subordinates 4. Persian eulogy

22. Tiukiu empire was a confederacy of : 1. twenty two tribes 2. eighteen tribes 3. eleven tribes 4. nine tribes

23. The Oghuz were also known as : 1. Qipchaqs 2. Qarlughs 3. Ghur 4. Dihqans

8 24. The process of sub infeudation : 1. led to the emergence of landholdings 2. led to the emergence of a vast majority of revenue officials 3. let to the creation of a policy of annual tributes 4. created hierarchy of commands and obligations

25. Match the following tables and choose the correct answer : A B i) land grants to brahmans (a) 7th century onwards ii) land grants to non-brahmans (b) 2nd century onwards iii) ruralization of the ruling class (c) 8th century onwards iv) role of temples in agrarian expansion (d) 7th century onwards and organisation

Answers: 1. (i) d (ii) c (iii) a (iv) b 2. (i) b (ii) a (iii) d (iv) c 3. (i) c (ii) d (iii) a (iv) b 4. (i) b (ii) d (iii) a (iv) c

26. Alauddin Khalji’s Deccan campaigns are mentioned by Amir Khusrau in his : 1. Qiran-us Sadain 2. Tughluq Nama 3. Deval Rani Khizr Khan 4. Khazain-ul Futuh

27. Muhammad Tughluq’s Kalanaur and Peshawar campaigns were aimed to secure north-west frontier of the Sultanat against : 1. future Mongol attacks 2. Khwarizm Shah’s attacks 3. Chinese inroads 4. Persian encroachments

28. Muhammad Tughluq : 1. enhanced the rate of land tax beyond 50 percent 2. imposed new cesses as well as revived older ones 3. introduced measurement 4. imposed revenue assessment on the basis of ‘actual yield’

29. Match the following tables and choose the correct answer : A B i) iqta (a) surplus ii) fawazil (b) local chiefs iii) muqti/wali (c) transferable iv) rais/ranas (d) iqta holders Answers: 1. (i) d (ii) c (iii) b (iv) a 2. (i) b (ii) d (iii) a (iv) c 3. (i) c (ii) a (iii) d (iv) b 4. (i) b (ii) c (iii) a (iv) d

30. Khurasanis were addressed by Muhammad Tughluq as : 1. amir -i akhur 2. khammar

9 3. jawahir-i lutrah 4. aizza 31. “The Ghaznavid and Ghorid invasions were partly for acquiring slaves”. Who said this? 1. Tara Chand 2. W.H. Moreland 3. Irfan Habib 4. Mohammad Habib

32. Who prohibited the export of slaves from India to the Islamic World? 1. Balban 2. Alauddin Khalji 3. Muhammad Tughluq 4. Feroz Tughluq

33. The earliest evidence of the presence of seed-drill comes from : 1. Atharvaveda 2. Barbosa 3. Miftah-ul-Fuzala 4. Kalibangan

34. The first literary reference to Charkha comes from : 1. Salihotra 2. Tarikh-i Firuz Shahi 3. Miftah-ul Fuzala 4. Futuh-us Salatin

35. Gunpowder was first invented in : 1. China 2. Persia 3. Turkey 4. Europe

36. Match the following tables and choose the correct answer : A B i) discovery of distillation (a) Sirkap and Shaikhan Dheri ii) use of earliest distillation (b) China apparatus in India iii) invention of art of papermaking (c) Europeans iv) introduction of iron anchors in India (d) Italy Answers: 1. (i) d (ii) a (iii) b (iv) c 2. (i) b (ii) a (iii) d (iv) c 3. (i) c (ii) a (iii) d (iv) b 4. (i) a (ii) d (iii) b (iv) c

37. Match the following tables and choose the correct answer : A B i) Kakatiyas (a) Harihara and Bukka ii) Bahmani (b) Deccan iii) Amiran-i Sadah (c) feudatories of Chalukyas of Kalyani iv) Vijaynagar (d) Hasan Kangu Answers: 1. (i) c (ii) d (iii) b (iv) a 2. (i) b (ii) c (iii) d (iv) a 3. (i) d (ii) c (iii) a (iv) b

10 4. (i) b (ii) d (iii) a (iv) c

38. Match the following tables and choose the correct answer : A B i) madrasa (a) centre of sufi activities ii) khanqah (b) cente of Islamic learning iii) silsilah (c) a sermon recited in mosques on Fridays iv) Khutba (d) sufi orders Answers: 1. (i) d (ii) a (iii) b (iv) c 2. (i) b (ii) a (iii) d (iv) c 3. (i) c (ii) d (iii) a (iv) b 4. (i) d (ii) c (iii) b (iv) a

39. Iqtas were : 1. transferable 2. revenue assignments given to the ulema 3. hereditary assignments 4. non-transferable and permanent

40. The term bhukti in early medieval India refers to : 1. an administrative unit 2. land 3. taxes 4. a revenue official

41. Kuchcha wells were : 1. not used for irrigation at all 2. less durable thus unfit for irrigating big fields 3. important for irrigating large fields 4. cost saving and easy to construct that is why move profitable to irrigate large fields

42. Theory of insan-i kamil was derived from the ideas of : 1. Shaikh Fariduddin Ganj-i Shakar 2. Bayazid Bistami 3. Shaikh Muinuddin Chishti 4. Mansur-al Hajjal

43. The shore temple of the Pallavas is located at : 1. Kanchipuram 2. Pattadakal 3. Aihole 4. Mahabalipuram

44. The earliest attempt to define ‘urban centre’ was made by : 1. Stuart Pigott 2. V. Gordon Childe 3. John Marshall 4. Mortimer Wheeler

45. Turks and Mongols : 1. belonged to the region of Khurasan 2. migrated from steppes region of Central-Asia and north-east of Transoxiana 3. were nomads of Khwarizm 4. came from east of the Jaxarates

11 46. Major attributes of Sultanate sovereignty were : 1. sikka and chhatra 2. khutba and sikka 3. seal and chhatra 4. army and khutba

47. In the early medieval period bureaucracy : 1. was paid in the form of land grants 2. was highly centralised 3. did not act as king makers 4. was paid in the form of cash

48. Token currency : 1. had higher face value than its metallic value 2. had higher metallic value than the face value 3. had equal face as well as metallic value 4. had no royal sanction

49. Qarachil expedition was planned to : 1. occupy Kabul and Qandahar 2. occupy Khurasan 3. fortify Kulu valley 4. fortify north and north-west frontier

50. The practice of dagh-o chehra was introduced by : 1. Iltutmish 2. Razia 3. Balban 4. Alauddin Khalji