Welcome to RAD TECH - A Introduction To Radiologic Technology RAD TECH A
# 8803 Wednesdays 6:00pm – 9:10pm
Introduction to Radiologic Technology El Camino College RTEC A INSTRUCTOR
• MINA COLUNGA, B.S.,RT., C.R.T.
Instructor, [email protected] or [email protected]
WEB page: www.elcamino.edu/faculty/mcolunga http://www.elcamino.edu/faculty/mcolunga/ How to access the webpages How to download Power points and Notes
Free: msn.com PowerPoint download Word Documents …..
TEXTBOOKS FOR SPRING 2009 RTEC A (keep for the Program) RAD TECH A BOOK: Introduction to Radiologic Sciences and Patient Care Adler & Carlton New this Fall
On Reserve in Library Classroom – Lab Rules • NO eating or drinking in class – CLOSED water only • Cell phones, etc OFF • When class is FULL – keep book bags on the floor – not on seat next to you • Lab – NO sandals allowed – Must wear closed toed shoes
Studying Tips
• Review Terms
• End of chapter questions
• 4th edition – at back of book Where to get Help • Student Services Center • FINANCIAL AID – GRANTS – CAL, PELL • EOPS • Special Resources • Academic strategy courses Academic Strategies Communication is Essential • Theater Arts
• Beginning acting
• PE 254 – aide for adaptive PE Success skills • Review lectures (power points) & reading assignments BEFORE CLASS!
• REWRITE your notes after class
• Keep up with assignments & homework
• Make a new friend (Get some contact #’s in class)
• Find the best time for YOU to study Review of Syllabus and Reading Schedule Class / Lab Conduct • You are expected to come to class fully prepared and able to participate. – Absences and tardies will affect your grade
• You are also expected to practice courtesy and respect at all times.
• No children can be brought to class and they cannot sit outside of the classroom (ed code)
Disruptive Behaviors • Behaviors that disrupt the learning process will not be tolerated. These include:
– Talking to others during lectures, demonstrations, quizzes or exams
– Sleeping or laying head down during class
Disruptive Behaviors
– Checking cell phone messages, text messaging, or answering phone calls
– Wearing headphones and listening to music
– Swearing and rude or disrespectful behavior Disruptive Behaviors • Arriving late & leaving early
• Entering & exiting classroom excessively – Breaks are given at reasonable intervals
• Working on other assignments not related to the class you are in
• Using a laptop for other than class notes – (game playing, checking email,etc)
Disruptive or Disrespectful Behavior
If not corrected, can result in the instructor asking you to leave the classroom, and it will be counted as an absence Attendance
Per school policy • “ A student may be dropped from class when the number of hours absent exceeds the number of units assigned to the course”. (1 class = 3 hours) How will tardies, leaving early and absences affect my grade? • Absences – 2 pt penalty
• Tardies & leaving early – 1 pt penalty
Drop Policy • It is the student’s responsibility to formally withdraw from a class.
• If a formal drop is not submitted – You will receive a “F” Academic Honesty • Plagiarism, cheating or furnishing materials to other student.
– Violates Section 1.B.1 of ECC Board policy, Standards of Student Conduct
– Will result in a zero for that exam, quiz, or assignment
Examples of Cheating or Plagiarism are: • Obtaining copies of: – notes – exams or exam questions • Copying • Photographing • Removing exam from classroom
• WITHOUT PERMISSION PICTURES • NO PHOTOS CAN BE TAKEN • Violation of rules of conduct • Violation of colleagues privacy Make up examinations • Must call or email instructor before class time
• Exam must be made up before next class
• 10% penalty
• Labs and quizzes WILL NOT be made up Late Work
10% penalty for every day late
Overview of Types of Radiologic Technology Programs • University-based • College-based • Hospital-based • Military • Commercial Schools RT Program Stats + Awards JRCERT May 2007 TOTAL RADIOGRAPHY PROGRAMS = 612 Type of School AA Cert BA • 4 yr = 59 4 29 • CC = 225 2 • Technical = 52 22 • Hospital = 182 3 • Military = 0 5 • Proprietary = 22 3 1 • Consortium= 1 2 El Camino College
ECC’s Program
• 2 year Associates Degree Program – Not including prerequisites – Starts last week of August and completes mid October - 26 months later.
• 2-3 courses on campus each semester and 24 – 35 hours per week of internship training in the affiliated hospitals per semester Upon Graduation from ECC • Associates Degree in Science
• Certificate of Completion from an Accredited Radiologic Technology Program - Accredited by JRCERT
• ARRT Approved LICENSURE
– Graduation from an accredited Radiologic Technology program
– Passing board exam with 75% or better. LICENSE ELIGIBLITY • ARRT – American Registry of Radiologic Technology (RT)
• Radiologic Technologist (R.T.) (R)
• California – State Dept of Health –RHB
• C.R.T (R,F) – RADIOGRAPHY & FLUOROSCOPY CERTS
Questions to ask about a Program • What is your pass rate? • Average scores on ARRT exam • Length of Program • Limited XT vs. Fully Accredited R.T • Job Outlook/Prospects- Pay Rate • Accreditation Status • Cost
How do I become eligible for acceptance to ECC’s program ? Course Overview • RTEC A • Anatomy (4 units) – Recommended with in the last 5 years • Physiology (4 units) • (Chem prereq) • A.S. Requirements – CIS 13 – Psychology 5 – English 1A – Math 40 (Algebra) – Humanities – Medical Assist 4 (Medical Term.) – Contemporary Health or PE – Minimum of 2.25 GPA
See course evaluation sheet on program webpage http://www.elcamino.edu/academics/healthsciences/radiologictech/index.asp
Or go to www.elcamino.edu Search: radiologic technology
WHY CHOOSE RADIOGRAPHY? Isn’t it dangerous?
Is this a safe profession? Why do you want to do this?
Why are you taking this class?
Radiation is all around us Natural or Background Radiation • Occurs spontaneously through nature
• Examples: – Sun – Planetary bodies – Earth • Radium • Uranium Human or Man Made Radiation • Nuclear industry – Fallout from weapons testing – Nuclear plant accidents – Disposal of by-products
• Radionuclides – Comes from products containing radioactive elements – Radio pharmaceuticals
• Medical and Dental exams
• Electromagnetic waves – everyday exposure
• Radiation comes from all directions
• It comes from: – your local and far away radio and TV stations. – local power lines, telephone lines, international satellites orbiting the earth, and the personal computer.
$$$ HOW MUCH $$$
NEW GRADS = R.T. • $45,000 TO $ 60,000 per year (AS degree)
• IS IT WORTH THE EFFORT? YOU BET! Historical Perspectives
– November 8, 1895: • Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen discovered x-rays
– German Physicist
– University of Wurtzburg
• Wilhelm Roentgen in 1895 - discovered x-rays • Working with Crooke’s vacuum tube
– He found invisible rays were produced. – These new rays could go through skin and flesh – Give a picture of a person's bones. First Radiograph • Anna Bertha Roentgen
• 30 minute exposure .
Collaborative Events • Crookes tube – Air evacuated glass tube – Cathode side – Anode side – Electrical supply • Screen or board painted with barium platinocyanide • Low light work area
“Willie Roentgen” • Honored in 1901 with the first Nobel prize in physics for his efforts.
X-ray production begins at the atomic level Energy (photons) are released when the electron collides with another electron, the change in e of the shells –produces photons
• Radiation is energy
• Comes from many sources – natural and manmade
How Are X-rays Made?
• The electrons are boiled off from the filament
• Accelerated by a high voltage towards the metal target. • The X-rays are produced when the electrons collide with the atoms and nuclei of the metal target.
• X rays began to be used in industry and medicine
• Years later, they noticed it can be harmful
• They could be harmful to: – living tissue – even cause cancer if the exposures were too great or too prolonged Early measurement of Radiation • Skin dryness & erythema • Ulcers formed
• Cataracts • Cancers • “Invisible RAYS”
Radiologic Technologists Practices RADIATION SAFETY TO SELF AND OTHERS
More imaging technology in Radiology Fluoroscopy Cassette with film CR with PSP plate Darkroom (only red light) low visibility - smelly
Post processing with CR or DR Questions ?
• Diagnostic Imaging Modalities
DEFINITIONS • RADIATION
• RADIOLOGY
• RADIOLOGIST
• TECHNOLOGIST VS TECHNICIAN RADIATION • Energy
• Ionization
• Ionizing Radiation
• Non- ionizing radiation FORMS OF MEDICAL IMAGES • Sound waves (Ultrasound)
• Electrical energy (EKG)
HISTORY REVIEW • WHO
• WHAT
• SERIES OF EVENTS • WHEN
CAREERS IN RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY • Radiologic Technologist – Radiographer – X-ray Technologist
• RadiologicTechnician – Limited License tech
• Radiologist – Doctor RADIOGRAPHY • Diagnostic Radiology – Technologist – Radiographer – Technician (Limited Licensure)
– Specializing in the use of x-rays to create3 images of the body including the skeletal system,chest and abdomen
Early years in Radiologic Technology • Nurses or nurses aides taught how to “take an x-ray”
• NO special education
• Only “ON THE JOB” training
• Experience the best teacher
• The first Technologist is credited to be EDWARD C. JERMAN.
An early therapy session In 30 years • Developed from a technical trade to one of a professionalism
• Once thought that anyone could be trained to quickly = “push the buttons’ • To now where it is considered a profession that requires analytical thinking and problem solving ARRT arrt.org • 275,000 Registered RT (R) • 2007: 15,285 exams – 89% Radiography – 3.6 % Nuclear Med – 7.1 Radiation Therapy Consumer Assurance of Radiologic Excellence The (CARE) bill • Would ensure that patients undergoing all types of radiologic procedures • Have the same assurance of quality as those receiving mammograms • Under the provisions of the Mammography Quality Standards Act. CARE BILL • Consistency, Accuracy, Responsibility, and Excellence... ARRT Among Supporters Seeking To Ensure Patient Safety Through Adoption of CARE Bill
National Inconsistencies • Everything from requiring fully accredited programs to 8 hours of education to become a general operator.
• Some have stated that in their states during the initial grand fathering that their family pet could have qualified.....
• No chance for nationally consistent state-licensure laws......
Diagnostic Radiologic Technologist Aka: Radiographer Not a “Technician” Diagnostic Radiology • Portable (Mobile) Radiography
• Pediatric
• Geriatric
• Surgery
• Trauma Uses Ionizing Radiation to create images of the human body
Digital whole body scan for Trauma is this the future of Radiology?
TECHNOLOGIST • Fluoroscopy
• Contrast Media (X-ray dye)
• Mina Colunga, R.T. (R)
ADVANCED SKILL LEVELS
• ULTRASOUND (RDMS)
• NUCLEAR MEDICINE (NM)
• MANAGEMENT (BS)
• EDUCATION
• (BS,MEd, PhD EDD) • CAT SCAN (CT)
• MRI (MR)
• ANGIOGRAPHY (CIT) (CV)
• RADIATION THERAPY (T)
• MAMMOGRAPHY (M)
• PET (BD)
• Bone Densitometry Types of Powerpoints • Complete lecture
• Incomplete Lecture • Skeleton Lecture
Complete Lecture • Everything is there
• You have to take few notes because you can refer back to it at a later date
• It’s your lucky day if you miss class
• Much like todays lecture
• Lecture goes fast- because you have all the information you need on the PP.
Incomplete lecture • Bits and ______
• Must ______to get all information.
• You should ______powerpoints, take_____ to fill in the spots missing or bring ______or ______.
• ______areas are in ______.
• ______is _____-pace giving you enough time to take ______and ______to lecture.
Incomplete lecture (Slide 123) • Bits and pieces
• Must attend class to get all information.
• You should print powerpoints, take notes to fill in the spots missing or bring a laptop or digital recorder. – Don’t have to print entire PP only the sheets that need filling in – Or use the page numbers as a reference to which bullet points need to be filled in
• Missing areas are in red.
• Lecture is mid-pace giving you enough time to take notes and listen to lecture. Skeleton Lecture • Topics
• Note taking • Class
• Speed
Skeleton Lecture (Slide 126) • Topics – The main points are listed
• Note taking – Elaboration of these topics will be given and you must take notes on these topics
• Class – If you are not in class you will not get the information unless you have a buddy that takes excellent notes
• Speed – Lecture is slower so that you can take notes better, concepts are reviewed and explained in more detail
FINAL vs. DRAFT • Final: – Safe to print – No changes will be made
• Draft – Small changes will be made – May be best to wait to print