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THIS MATERIAL HAS NOT BEEN EDITED FOR SCRIPTURAL ACCURACY, SPELLING, OR GRAMMAR

II Corinthians Chapter 7

6:13-7:3 PAUL’S RECOMPENCE A 6:13. Enlargement. B-1 6:14-16-. Command. No unequal yoking. C-1 6:-16. Reason. Promise. B-2 6:17-. Command. Separation. C-2 6:-17. Reason. Promise. B-3 7:1. Command. Cleansing. A 7:2, 3. Reception.

2 Cor 7:1-13 7:1 The Corinthians' Repentance Therefore, having these promises, beloved, let us cleanse ourselves from all filthiness of the flesh and spirit, perfecting holiness in the fear of God.

2 The Corinthians' Repentance

Open your hearts to us. We have wronged no one, we have corrupted no one, and we have cheated no one. 3 I do not say this to condemn; for I have said before that you are in our hearts, to die together and to live together. 4 Great is my boldness of speech toward you; great is my boasting on your behalf. I am filled with comfort. I am exceedingly joyful in all our tribulation. 5 For indeed, when we came to Macedonia, our bodies had no rest, but we were troubled on every side. Outside were conflicts, inside were fears. 6 Nevertheless God, who comforts the downcast, comforted us by the coming of Titus, 7 and not only by his coming, but also by the consolation with which he was comforted in you, when he told us of your earnest desire, your mourning, your zeal for me, so that I rejoiced even more.

8 For even if I made you sorry with my letter, I do not regret it; though I did regret it. For I perceive that the same epistle made you sorry, though only for a while. 9 Now I rejoice, not that you were made sorry, but that your sorrow led to repentance. For you were made sorry in a godly manner, that you might suffer loss from us in nothing. 10 For godly sorrow produces repentance leading to salvation, not to be regretted; but the sorrow of the world produces death. 11 For observe this very thing that you sorrowed in a godly manner: What diligence it produced in you, what clearing of yourselves, what indignation, what fear, what vehement desire, what zeal, what vindication! In all things you proved yourselves to be clear in this matter. 12 Therefore, although I wrote to you, I did not do it for the sake of him who had done the wrong, nor for the sake of him who suffered wrong, but that our care for you in the sight of God might appear to you.

13 The Joy of Titus

Therefore we have been comforted in your comfort. And we rejoiced exceedingly more for the joy of Titus, because his spirit has been refreshed by you all. 14 For if in anything I have boasted to him about you, I am not ashamed. But as we spoke all things to you in truth, even so our boasting to Titus was

1 THIS MATERIAL HAS NOT BEEN EDITED FOR SCRIPTURAL ACCURACY, SPELLING, OR GRAMMAR found true. 15 And his affections are greater for you as he remembers the obedience of you all, how with fear and trembling you received him. 16 Therefore I rejoice that I have confidence in you in everything. NKJV

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Note: You will notice two additions to our study, (1) using the Greek Text translated in to English from 400 AD above our Scripture study, (2) leaving room for you to write in the English translation of the Greek Text from the Strong’s Concordance.

‘These then having the promises beloved we-should-be-cleansing selves from every polluting of-flesh and of-spirit on finishing holy-togetherness in fear of-God.’ 2 Corinthians 7:1 Concordant Greek

2 Cor 7:1 Cleanse ourselves. This concludes the exhortation (2 Cor 6:1, 14; 2 Tim 2:21; 1 John 3:3; Rev 22:11), and ought to be attached to 2 Cor 6. Filthiness - "the unclean thing" (2 Cor 6:17). Of the flesh - for instance, fornication, prevalent at Corinth (1 Cor 6:15-18).

And spirit - as idolatry, direct or indirect (1 Cor 6:9; 8:1, 7; 10:7, 21-22). The spirit (Ps 32:2) receives pollution through the flesh, the instrument of uncleanness. "Flesh and spirit:" the whole man, outward and inward.

Perfecting holiness. Cleansing away impurity is a positive step toward holiness (2 Cor 6:17). It is not enough to begin: the end crowns the work (Gal 3:3; 5:7; Phil 1:6). Fear of God - often conjoined with the most glorious promises (2 Cor 5:11; Heb 4:1). Privilege and promise go hand in hand. (From Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown Commentary, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1997 by Biblesoft)

2 Cor 7:1 These promises tautas (NT: 5025 ) tas (NT: 3588 ) epangelias (NT: 1860 ). So many and so precious (2 Peter 2:4 epangelias (NT: 1862 ); Heb 11:39 f).

Let us cleanse ourselves katharisoomen (NT: 2511 ) heautous (NT: 1438 ). An old Greek used kathairoo (NT: 2508 ) (in the New Testament only in John 15:2, to prune). In Koine katharizoo (NT: 2511 ) occurs in inscriptions for ceremonial cleansing (Deissmann, Bible Studies, p. 216 f). Paul includes himself in this volitive aorist subjunctive.

From all defilement apo (NT: 575 ) pantos (NT: 3956 ) molusmou (NT: 3436). Ablative alone would have done, but with apo (NT: 575 ) it is plainer as in Heb 9:14. Molusmos (NT: 3436 ) is a late word from molunoo (NT: 3435 ), to stain (see the note at 1 Cor 8:7), to pollute. In the Septuagint, Plutarch, Josephus. It includes all sorts of filthiness, physical, moral, mental, ceremonial, "of flesh and spirit." Missionaries in China and India can appreciate the atmosphere of pollution in Corinth, for instance.

Perfecting holiness epitelountes (NT: 2005 ) hagioosuneen (NT: 42 ). Not merely negative goodness (cleansing), but aggressive and progressive (present tense of epiteleoo (NT: 2005 )) 2 THIS MATERIAL HAS NOT BEEN EDITED FOR SCRIPTURAL ACCURACY, SPELLING, OR GRAMMAR holiness, not a sudden attainment of complete holiness, but a continuous process (1 Thess 3:13; Rom 1:4, 6). (From Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1997 by Biblesoft & Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament. Copyright (c) 1985 by Broadman Press)

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Homily 13 - 2 Corinthians 6:11, 12 John Chrysostom AD 400

Chapter 7. ver. 1. "Having therefore these promises, beloved." What promises? That we should be temples of God, sons and daughters, have Him indwelling, and walking in us, be His people, have Him for our God and Father.

"Let us cleanse ourselves from all defilement of flesh and spirit."

Let us neither touch unclean things, for this is cleansing of the flesh; nor things which defile the soul, for this is cleansing of the spirit. Yet he is not content with this only, but adds also,

"Perfecting holiness in the fear of God." For not to touch the unclean thing doth not make clean, but there needeth something else besides to our becoming holy; earnestness, heedfulness, piety. And he well said, "In the fear of God." For it is possible to perfect chasteness, not in the fear of God but for vainglory.

And along with this he implies yet another thing, by saying, "In the fear of God;" the manner, namely, where after holiness may be perfected. For if lust be even an imperious thing, still if thou occupy its territory with the fear of God, thou hast stayed its frenzy.

[4.] Now by holiness here he means not chastity alone, but the freedom from every kind of sin, for he is holy that is pure. Now one will become pure, not if he be free from fornication only, but if from covetousness also, and envy, and pride, and vainglory, yea especially from vainglory which in every thing indeed it behoveth to avoid, but much more in alms-giving.

Since neither will it be almsgiving, if it has this distemper, but display and cruelty. · For when thou dost it not out of mercy, but from parade, such deed is not only no alms but even an insult; for thou hast put thy brother to open shame. Not then the giving money, but the giving it out of mercy, is almsgiving. (from Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series 1, Volume 12, PC Study Bible formatted electronic database Copyright © 2003 by Biblesoft, Inc. All rights reserved.)

‘Space-ye us not-yet-one we-injure not-yet-one we-corrupt not-yet-one we-more-have to-ward down- judging.’ 2 Corinthians 7:2 Concordant Greek Text 400 AD

2 Cor 7:2 Receive us - with enlarged hearts (2 Cor 6:13). We have wronged ... corrupted ... defrauded no man (cf. 2 Cor 7:9) - the ground on which he asks their reception of him in their hearts. We wronged none by punishing him who did wrong (2 Cor 7:12). This he proceeds to treat. We have corrupted none-namely, by beguilements, while preaching "another gospel," as the false teachers (2 Cor 11:3-4). This he treats from 2 Cor 10:1. We have 3 THIS MATERIAL HAS NOT BEEN EDITED FOR SCRIPTURAL ACCURACY, SPELLING, OR GRAMMAR defrauded none by 'making a gain' of you (2 Cor 8:19-20; 12:14-17). This he treats from 2 Cor 12:13. Modestly he leaves them to supply the positive good which he had done; suffering all things himself that they might be benefited (2 Cor 7:9, 12; 12:13). (From Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown Commentary, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1997 by Biblesoft)

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2 Cor 7:2 Open your hearts to us chooreesate (NT: 5562 ) heemas (NT: 2248 ). An old verb (from chooros (NT: 5566 ), place), to leave a space, to make a space for, and transitive here as in Matt 19:11. He wishes no further stenochooria (NT: 4730 ), tightness of heart, in them (2 Cor 6:12). "Make room for us in your hearts." He makes this plea to all, even the stubborn minority.

We wronged no man oudena (NT: 3762 ) eedikeesamen (NT: 91 ). A thing that every preacher ought to be able to say. Compare 2 Cor 4:2; 1 Thess 2:3; Acts 20:26 f.

We corrupted no man oudena (NT: 3762 ) eftheiramen (NT: 5351 ). We ruined no one. "It may refer to money, or morals, or doctrine" (Plummer). He is answering the Judaizers.

We took advantage of no man oudena (NT: 3762 ) epleonekteesamen (NT: 4122 ). That charge was made in Thessalonica (1 Thess 4:6) which see for this late verb and also on 2 Cor 2:11. He got the best of (note pleon (NT: 4119 ) more in the root) no one in any evil way. (From Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1997 by Biblesoft & Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament. Copyright (c) 1985 by Broadman Press)

1 Corinthians by Clement AD 69 Introductory Note The date of this Epistle has been the subject of considerable controversy. It is clear from the writing itself that it was composed soon after some persecution (chap. i.) which the Roman Church had endured; and the only question is, whether we are to fix upon the persecution under Nero or Domitian.

If the former, the date will be about the year 68; if the latter, we must place it towards the close of the first century or the beginning of the second. We possess no external aid to the settlement of this question. The lists of early Roman bishops are in hopeless confusion, some making Clement the immediate successor of St. Peter, others placing Linus, and others still Linus and Anacletus, between him and the apostle.

The internal evidence, again, leaves the matter doubtful, though it has been strongly pressed on both sides. The probability seems, on the whole, to be in favour of the Domitian period, so that the Epistle may be dated about A.D. 97.

This Epistle was held in very great esteem by the early Church. The account given of it by Eusebius (Hist. Eccl., 3:16) is as follows: "There is one acknowledged Epistle of this Clement (whom he has just identified with the friend of St. Paul), great and admirable, which he wrote in the name of the Church of Rome to the Church at Corinth, sedition having then arisen in the latter Church.

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We are aware that this Epistle has been publicly read in very many churches both in old times, and also in our own day." The Epistle before us thus appears to have been read in numerous churches, as being almost on a level with the canonical writings. And its place in the Alexandrian MS., immediately after the inspired books, is in harmony with the position thus assigned it in the primitive Church.

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There does indeed appear a great difference between it and the inspired writings in many respects, such as the fanciful use sometimes made of Old-Testament statements, the fabulous stories which are accepted by its author, and the general diffuseness and feebleness of style by which it is distinguished.

But the high tone of evangelical truth which pervades it, the simple and earnest appeals which it makes to the heart and conscience, and the anxiety which its writer so constantly shows to promote the best interests of the Church of Christ, still impart an undying charm to this precious relic of later apostolic times.

[N.B. - A sufficient guide to the recent literature of the Clementine MSS. and discoveries may be found in The Princeton Review, 1877, p. 325, also in Bishop Wordsworth's succinct but learned Church History to the Council of Nicaea, p. 84. The invaluable edition of the Patres Apostolici, by Jacobson (Oxford, 1840), with a critical text and rich prolegomena and annotations, cannot be dispensed with by any Patristic inquirer. A. C. C.] (From Ante-Nicene Fathers, Volume 1, PC Study Bible formatted electronic database Copyright © 2003 by Biblesoft, Inc. All rights reserved.)

A SECTION FROM THE EPISTLE OF CLEMENT

Chapter 14 - We Should Obey God Rather Than the Authors of Sedition We Should Obey God Rather Than the Authors of Sedition. It is right and holy therefore, men and brethren, rather to obey God than to follow those who, through pride and sedition, have become the leaders of a detestable emulation. For we shall incur no slight injury, but rather great danger, if we rashly yield ourselves to the inclinations of men who aim at exciting strife and tumults, so as to draw us away from what is good.

Let us be kind one to another after the pattern of the tender mercy and benignity of our Creator. For it is written, "The kind-hearted shall inhabit the land, and the guiltless shall be left upon it, but transgressors shall be destroyed from off the face of it."

And again [the Scripture] saith, "I saw the ungodly highly exalted, and lifted up like the cedars of Lebanon: I passed by, and, behold, he was not; and I diligently sought his place, and could not find it. Preserve innocence, and look on equity: for there shall be a remnant to the peaceful man."

Chapter 21 - Let Us Obey God, and Not the Authors of Sedition Take heed, beloved, lest His many kindnesses lead to the condemnation of us all. [For thus it must be] unless we walk worthy of Him and with one mind do those things which are good and well-pleasing in

His sight. For [the Scripture] saith in a certain place, "The Spirit of the Lord is a candle searching the secret parts of the belly."

Let us reflect how near He is, and that none of the thoughts or reasonings in which we engage are hid from Him. It is right, therefore, that we should not leave the post which His will has assigned us. Let us rather offend those men who are foolish, and inconsiderate, and lifted up, and who glory in the pride of their speech, than [offend] God.

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Let us reverence the Lord Jesus Christ, whose blood was given for us; let us esteem those who have the rule over us; let us honour the aged among us; let us train up the young men in the fear of God.

The Wives Let us direct our wives to that which is good. Let them exhibit the lovely habit of purity [in all their conduct]. Let them show forth the sincere disposition of meekness; let them make manifest the command which they have of their tongue, by their manner of speaking; let them display their love, not by preferring one to another, but by showing equal affection to all that piously fear God.

The Children Let your children be partakers of true Christian training; let them learn of how great avail humility is with God-how much the spirit of pure affection can prevail with Him-how excellent and great His fear is, and how it saves all those who walk in it with a pure mind. For He is a Searcher of the thoughts and desires [of the heart]: His breath is in us; and when He pleases, He will take it away. (From Ante-Nicene Fathers, Volume 1, PC Study Bible formatted electronic database Copyright © 2003 by Biblesoft, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Homily 14 - 2 Corinthians 7:2-3 John Chrysostom AD 400

2 Cor 7:2-3. Open your hearts to us: we wronged no man, we corrupted no man, and we took advantage of no man. I say it not to condemn you; for l have said before, [as I have also declared above], that ye are in our hearts to die together and live together.

Again he raiseth the discourse about love, mitigating the harshness of his rebuke. For since he had convicted and reproached them as being beloved indeed, yet not loving in an equal degree, but breaking away from his love and mixing up with other pestilent fellows.

Again he softens the vehemence of his rebuke, saying, "Make room for us," that is, "love us;" and prays to receive a favor involving no burden, and advantaging them that confer above them that receive it. And he said not, 'love,' but with a stronger appeal to their pity, "make room for."

‘Who expelled us? ‘Saith he: ' Who cast us out of your hearts? How come we to be straitened in you?' for since he said above, "Ye are straitened in your affections;" here declaring it more clearly, he said, "make room for us:" in this way also again winning them to himself. For nothing doth so produce love as for the beloved to know that he that loveth him exceedingly desires his love. 6 THIS MATERIAL HAS NOT BEEN EDITED FOR SCRIPTURAL ACCURACY, SPELLING, OR GRAMMAR

"We wronged no man." See how again he does not mention the benefits [done by him], but frames his speech in another way, so as to be both less offensive and more cutting. And at the same time he also alludes to the false apostles, saying, "We wronged no man, we corrupted no man, we defrauded no man."

What is "we corrupted?" That is, we beguiled no man; as he says elsewhere also. "Lest by any means, as the serpent beguiled Eve, so your minds should be corrupted." (2 Cor 11:3) (from Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series 1, Volume 12, PC Study Bible formatted electronic database Copyright © 2003 by Biblesoft, Inc. All rights reserved.)

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"We defrauded no man;" we plundered, plotted against no man. And he for the present forbears to say, ' we benefited you in such and such ways;' but framing his language so as more to shame them, "We wronged no man, "' he says; as much as saying, ' Even had we in no wise benefited you, not even so ought ye to turn away from us; for ye have nothing to lay to our charge, either small or great.' (from Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series 1, Volume 12, PC Study Bible formatted electronic database Copyright © 2003 by Biblesoft, Inc. All rights reserved.)

‘Not I-am-saying I’ve before-declared for that in the hearts of-us ye-are {B omits Ye-are} into the to- be-together-from-dying and to-be-together-living.’ 2 Corinthians 7:3 Concordant Greek Text AD 400

2 Cor 7:3 In vindicating myself, I do not accuse you, as though you suspected me of such things (Menochius) - as though you were guilty of such things; for I speak only of the false apostles (Estius). Rather, 'as though you were ungrateful' (Beza).

I have said before - in 2 Cor 6:11-12.

Die and live with you - the height of friendship. I am ready to die and live with and for you (Phil 1:7, 20, 24; 2:17-18: cf. as to Christ, John 10:11). (From Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown Commentary, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1997 by Biblesoft)

2 Cor 7:3 Not to condemn you pros (NT: 4314 ) katakrisin (NT: 2633 ) ou (NT: 3756 ). "Not for condemnation." A late word from katakrinoo (NT: 2632 ), found in Vettius Valens, and here only in the New Testament.

To die together and live together eis (NT: 1519 ) to (NT: 3588 ) sunapothanein (NT: 4880 ) kai (NT: 2532 ) suzeen (NT: 4800 ). "For the dying together (second aorist ingressive active infinitive of sunapothneeskoo (NT: 4880 )) and living together (present active infinitive)." One article to (NT: 3588 ) with both infinitives. You are in our hearts to share death and life. (From Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1997 by Biblesoft & Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament. Copyright (c) 1985 by Broadman Press)

And what says he? Ver. 3. "I say it not to condemn you." How is this evident? "For I have said before," He adds, "that ye are in our hearts to die and live with you."

This is the greatest affection, when even though treated with contempt, he chooses both to die and live with them. 'For neither are ye merely in our hearts,' he says, 'but in such sort as I said. For it is possible both to love and to shun dangers, but we do not thus.' And behold here also wisdom unspeakable.

For he spake not of what had been done for them, that he might not seem to be again reproaching them, but he promised for the future. ' For should it chance,' saith he, ' that danger should invade, for your sakes I am ready to suffer every thing; and neither death nor life seemeth aught to me in itself, but in whichever ye be, that is to me more desirable, both death than life and life than death.'

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Howbeit, dying indeed is manifestly a proof of love; but living, who is there that, would not choose, even of those who are not friends? Why then does the Apostle mention it as something great? Because it is even exceeding great. For numbers indeed sympathize with their friends when they are in misfortune, but when they are in honor rejoice not with, but envy, them. ‘But not so we; but whether ye be in calamity, we are not afraid to share your ill fortune; or whether ye be prosperous, we are not wounded with envy.' (from Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series 1, Volume 12, PC Study Bible formatted electronic database Copyright © 2003 by Biblesoft, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Note: a thought on living and of dying: 1. The fruit on the tree of life was a curse to mankind for those who partook of it. 2. The Bible said, ‘cursed is the one who is hung on a tree.’ 3. Jesus became a restoration of mankind for those who will partake of His sacrifice on a tree.

‘Much to-me boldness toward you much to-me boasting over you I-have-been-over exceeded in the joy on every the constriction of-us.’ 2 Corinthians 7:4 Concordant Greek Text AD 400

2 Cor 7:4 Boldness of speech - arising from love. But Olshausen, 'bold joyful hope' [parreesia (NT: 3954 )] (cf. 2 Cor 6:11).

Glorying of you. Not only do I speak with unreserved openness to you, but I glory (boast) greatly to others in your behalf, in speaking of you.

Filled with comfort - at the report of Titus (2 Cor 7:6-7, 9, 13; 1:4).

Exceeding joyful - Greek, I over abound with joy.

Note: two things: 8 THIS MATERIAL HAS NOT BEEN EDITED FOR SCRIPTURAL ACCURACY, SPELLING, OR GRAMMAR

1. Many of the theologians use the Modern Greek translation in their works. 2. The Greek Translators added words to complete the structure of the sentence, even though these words are not found in the Greek translations of the 4th Century. Paul the Learner

2 Cor 7:4 I overflow with joy in all our affliction huperperisseuomai (NT: 5248 ) tee (NT: 3588 ) chara (NT: 5479 ) epi (NT: 1909 ) pasee (NT: 3956 ) tee (NT: 3588 ) thlipsei (NT: 2347 ) heemoon (NT: 2257 ). A thoroughly Pauline sentiment. Perisseuoo (NT: 4052 ) means to overflow, as we have seen. [Huper-perisseuoo] (A late word, so far only here and Byzantine writers) is to have a regular flood. Vulgate superabundo. (From Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1997 by Biblesoft & Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament. Copyright (c) 1985 by Broadman Press)

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[2.] Then after he had continually repeated these things, saying, "Ye are not straitened in us;" and, "Ye are straitened in your own affections;" and, "make room for us;" and, "Be ye also enlarged;" and, "We wronged no man;" and all these things seemed to be a condemnation of them.

Verse 4 Observe how he also in another manner alleviates this severity by saying, "Great is my boldness of speech towards you."

‘Therefore I venture upon such things,' he says, ' not to condemn you by what I say, but out of my great boldness of speech,' which also farther signifying, he said, "Great is my glorying on your behalf." ‘For think not indeed,' he saith, ' that because I thus speak, I speak as though I had condemned you altogether; (for I am exceedingly proud of, and glory in, you ;) but both out of tender concern and a desire that you should make greater increase unto. virtue.'

And so he said to the Hebrews also after much rebuke; "But we are persuaded better things of you, and things that accompany salvation, though we thus speak: and we desire that each one of you may show the same diligence to the fullness of hope even to the end." (Heb 6:9 and Heb 6:11) So indeed here also, "Great is my glorying on your behalf."

This is the test of one that loveth, both to complain of not being loved and to fear lest he should inflict pain by complaining immoderately. Therefore he says, "I am filled with comfort, I overflow with joy." 'But these expressions,' saith one, 'seem to contradict the former.' They do not do so, however, but are even exceedingly in harmony with them.

For these procure for the former a favorable reception; and the praise which they convey makes the benefit of those rebukes more genuine, by quietly abstracting what was painful in them. Wherefore he uses these expressions, but with great genuineness and earnestness.

For he did not say, ' I am filled with joy;' but, "I abound;" or rather, not "abound" either, but "super- abound;" in this way also again showing his yearning, that even though he be so loved as to rejoice and exult, he does not yet think himself loved as he ought to be loved, nor to have received full payment; so insatiable was he out of his exceeding love of them. 9 THIS MATERIAL HAS NOT BEEN EDITED FOR SCRIPTURAL ACCURACY, SPELLING, OR GRAMMAR

' For so great was the delight arising to us on your account that it was not even dimmed by so great tribulation, but through the excess of its own greatness it overcame the sorrows that had hold of us, and suffered us not to feel the sense of them.' (from Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series 1, Volume 12, PC Study Bible formatted electronic database Copyright © 2003 by Biblesoft, Inc. All rights reserved.)

7:5-7 NO REST IN FLESH

A 7:5. Troubled exceedingly. B 7:6. God’s comfort. B 7:7-. His comfort by you. A 7:-7. Rejoiced the more.

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‘And for of-coming of-us into Macedonia not-yet-one has-had up-letting the flesh of-us but every being- constricted out-place fighting’s into-place fears.’ 2 Corinthians 7:5 Concordant Greek Text AD 400

2 Cor 7:5 Greek, 'For also' (For 'even'). This verse is thus connected with 2 Cor 2:12-13, "When I came to Troas ... I had no rest in my spirit:" so 'also' now, when I came to Macedonia, my "flesh" had no rest (he, by the term "flesh" implying here not sin but human weakness, excepts his spiritual consolations) –

From "fighting’s" with adversaries "without" (1 Cor 5:12), and from fears for the Corinthian believers "within" the Church, as he knew not what effect his letter had produced (2 Cor 2:12); also fearing "false brethren" (2 Cor 11:26). Compare 2 Cor 4:8; Deuteronomy 32:25, to which he alludes. (From Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown Commentary, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1997 by Biblesoft)

2 Cor 7:5 When we had come elthontoon (NT: 2064 ) heemoon (NT: 2257 ). Genitive absolute with second aorist active participle of erchomai (NT: 2064 ). Paul now returns to the incident mentioned in 2 Cor 2:12 before the long digression on the glory of the ministry.

Had no relief oudemian (NT: 3762 ) escheeken (NT: 2192 ) anesin (NT: 425). Perfect active indicative precisely as in 2 Cor 2:13 which see, "has had no relief" (dramatic perfect).

Afflicted thlibomenoi (NT: 2346 ). Present passive participle of thliboo (NT: 2346 ) as in 2 Cor 4:8, but with anacoluthon, for the nominative case agrees not with the genitive heemoon (NT: 2257 ) nor with the accusative heemas (NT: 2248 ) in 2 Cor 7:6. It is used as if a principal verb as in 2 Cor 9:11; 11:6; Rom 12:16 (Moulton, Prolegomena, p. 182; Robertson, Grammar, pp. 1132-35).

Without were fighting’s exoothen (NT: 1855 ) machai (NT: 3163 ). Asyndeton and no copula, a parenthesis also in structure. Perhaps pagan adversaries in Macedonia (cf. 1 Cor 15:32).

Within were fears esoothen (NT: 2081 ) foboi (NT: 5401 ). Same construction. "Mental perturbations" (Augustine) as in 2 Cor 11:28. (From Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1997 by Biblesoft & Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament. Copyright (c) 1985 by Broadman Press)

Ver. 5. "For even when we were come into Macedonia, our flesh had no relief."

For since he said, "our tribulation;" he both explains of what sort it was, and magnifies it by his words, in order to show that the consolation and joys received from them was great, seeing it had repelled so great a sorrow. "But we were afflicted on every side."

How on every side? For "without were fighting’s," from the unbelievers; "within were fears;" because of the weak among the believers, lest they should be drawn aside. For not amongst the Corinthians only did these things happen, but elsewhere also. (from Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series 1, Volume 12, PC Study Bible formatted electronic database Copyright © 2003 by Biblesoft, Inc. All rights reserved.)

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‘But the One-beside-calling the low beside-calls us the God in the beside-being of-Titus.’ 2 Corinthians 7:6 Concordant Greek Text AD 400

2 Cor 7:6 Greek order, 'But he that comforted those cast down [tapeinous (NT: 5011 ): those feeling spiritual need] comforted us, even God.' Those of a high spirit are not susceptible of such comfort. The pagan regarded high spiritedness [megalo-psuchon] as a virtue; Christianity first dignified "lowliness" (Matt 11:29). (From Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown Commentary, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1997 by Biblesoft)

2 Cor 7:6 Comforted parakaloon (NT: 3870). See the note at 2 Cor 1:3-7 for this word.

The lowly tous (NT: 3588 ) tapeinous (NT: 5011 ). See the note at Matt 11:29. Literally, low on the ground in an old sense (Ezek 17:24). Low in condition as here; James 1:9. In 2 Cor 10:1 regarded as abject. In this sense in papyri. "Humility as a sovereign grace is the creation of Christianity" (Gladstone, Life, iii, p. 466).

By the coming en (NT: 1722 ) tee (NT: 3588 ) Parousia (NT: 3952 ). Same use of Parousia (NT: 3952 ) as in 1 Cor 16:7 which see. See also 2 Cor 7:7; 10:10. (From Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1997 by Biblesoft & Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament. Copyright (c) 1985 by Broadman Press)

Ver. 6. "Nevertheless He that comforted the lowly comforted us by the coming of Titus."

For since he had testified great things of them in what he said that he may not seem to be flattering them he cites as witness Titus the brother, who had come from them to Paul after the first Epistle to declare unto him the particulars of their amendment. 11 THIS MATERIAL HAS NOT BEEN EDITED FOR SCRIPTURAL ACCURACY, SPELLING, OR GRAMMAR

But consider, I pray you, how in every place he maketh a great matter of the coming of Titus. For he saith also before, "Furthermore when I came to Troas for the Gospel, I had no relief for my spirit because I found not Titus my brother;" (c. 2:12, 13.) and in this place again we were comforted," he saith, "by the coming of Titus."

For he is desirous also of establishing the man in their confidence and of making him exceedingly dear to them. And observe how he provides for both these things. For by saying on the one hand, "I had no relief for my spirit," he showeth the greatness of his virtue; and by saying on the other, that, in our tribulation his coming sufficed unto comfort.

Yet "not by his coming only, but also by the comfort wherewith he was comforted in you," he endeared the man unto the Corinthians. For nothing doth so produce and cement friendships as the saying something sound and favorable of any one. And such he testifies Titus did; when he says that 'by his coming he hath given us wings with pleasure; such things did he report of you.

CHAPTER SEVEN On this ground his coming made us glad. For we were delighted not "only by his coming, but also for the comfort wherewith he was comforted in you." And how was he comforted? By your virtue, by your good deeds.' Wherefore also he adds,

Verse 7 "While he told us your longing, your mourning, your zeal for me.

'These things made him glad,' he says, 'these things comforted him.' Seest thou how he shows that he also is an earnest lover of theirs, seeing he considers their good report as a consolation to himself; and when he was come, gloried, as though on account of his own good things, unto Paul.

And observe with what warmth of expression he reported these things, "Your longing, your mourning, your zeal." For it was likely that they would mourn and grieve why the blessed Paul was so much displeased, why he had kept away from them so long.

And therefore he did not say simply tears, but "mourning;" nor desire, but "longing;" nor anger, but "zeal;" and again "zeal toward him," which they displayed both about him that had committed fornication and about those who were accusing him. 'For,' saith he, 'ye were inflamed and blazed out on receiving my letters.'

On these accounts he abounds in joy, on these accounts he is filled with consolation, because he made them feel. It seems to me, however, that these things are said not only to soften what has gone before, but also in encouragement of those who had acted in these things virtuously. (from Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series 1, Volume 12, PC Study Bible formatted electronic database Copyright © 2003 by Biblesoft, Inc. All rights reserved.)

‘Not only yet in the beside-being of-him but and in the beside-calling to-which he-was-beside-called on you up-messaging to-us the of-you on-longing the of-you pain-gush the of-you boiling over me as- besides me rather to-joy.’ 2 Corinthians 7:7 Concordant Greek Text AD 400

2 Cor 7:7 When he told us - Greek, 'telling us.' We shared in the comfort Titus felt in recording your desire (2 Cor 7:13). He rejoiced in announcing the good news; we in hearing it.

Earnest desire - Greek, 'longing desire after' me [epipotheesin (NT: 1972 )]; both to see and to please me.

Mourning - over your own remissness in not having immediately punished the sin, (1 Cor 5:1, etc.)

Fervent mind - Greek, 'zeal' (cf. 2 Cor 7:11; John 2:17).

Toward me, [huper (NT: 5228 )] - 'for my sake.' They in Paul's behalf showed the zeal against sin which Paul would have shown had he been present.

Rejoiced the more - more than at the mere coming of Titus; or, 'more than I sorrowed before' (Olshausen). (From Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown Commentary, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1997 by Biblesoft)

CHAPTER SEVEN

2 Cor 7:7 Wherewith hee (NT: 3588 ). Either locative case with preceding en (NT: 1722 ) or instrumental of the relative with parekleethee (NT: 3870 ) (first aorist passive indicative). "The manner in which Paul, so to speak, fondles this word parakaleoo (NT: 3870 ) is most beautiful" (ROBERTSON).

In you ef' (NT: 1909 ) humin (NT: 5213 ). Over you, upon you.

Your longing teen (NT: 3588 ) humoon (NT: 5216 ) epipotheesin (NT: 1972 ). A late word from epipotheoo (NT: 1971 ) epi (NT: 1909 ), directive, longing toward, yearning)]. Only here in the New Testament.

Mourning odurmon (NT: 3602 ). An old word from [oduromai], to lament. Only here in the New Testament.

So that I rejoiced yet more hooste (NT: 5620 ) me (NT: 3165 ) mallon (NT: 3123 ) chareenai (NT: 5463 ). Result expressed by hooste (NT: 5620 ) and the second aorist passive infinitive of chairoo (NT: 5463 ) with accusative of general reference. (From Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1997 by Biblesoft & Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament. Copyright (c) 1985 by Broadman Press)

‘That if and I-sorrow you in the letter not I-am-after-caring if {B adds yet} and I-after cared I-am- looking for that the letter that if and toward hour sorrows you now.’ 2 Corinthians 7:8 Concordant Greek Text AD 400

2 Cor 7:8 With a letter - Greek, 'in the letter'; namely, the first letter. 13 THIS MATERIAL HAS NOT BEEN EDITED FOR SCRIPTURAL ACCURACY, SPELLING, OR GRAMMAR

I do not repent, though I did repent. Translate, 'I do not regret it, though I did regret it.' The Greek regret [metamelomai (NT: 3338 )] and repent [metanoeo (NT: 3340 )] are distinct. Paul was almost regretting, through parental tenderness and doubt of the result, his having by rebukes grieved the Corinthians; but now that he has learned from Titus the salutary effect produced on them, he no longer regrets it.

For I perceive ... - explanatory of 'I did regret it,' and parenthetical ('for I perceive that that letter did make you sorry, though But for a season') (2 Cor 2:2). (From Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown Commentary, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1997 by Biblesoft)

Note: you must keep in mind that the Apostle Paul is dealing with a problem in the local church that he founded. Now the problem was also in other churches and can be found in the churches of our day. So even though the letter was addressed to the Corinthians it is still true today for us. Paul the Learner

I also put in that section from Clement to the Corinthians to show that the problems continued after the Apostle Paul was martyred and needed some attention from Clement in 69 AD.

CHAPTER SEVEN

2 Cor 7:8 Though ei (NT: 1487 ) kai (NT: 2532 ). If also. Paul treats it as a fact.

With my epistle en (NT: 1722 ) tee (NT: 3588 ) epistolee (NT: 1992 ). The one referred to in 2 Cor 2:3 f.

I do not regret it ou (NT: 3756 ) metamelomai (NT: 3338 ). This verb really means "repent" (be sorry again) which meaning we have transferred to metanoeoo (NT: 3340 ), to change one's mind (not to be sorry at all). See Matt 21:30; 27:3 for the verb metamelomai (NT: 3338 ), to be sorry, to regret as here. Paul is now glad that he made them sorry.

Though I did regret ei (NT: 1487 ) kai (NT: 2532 ) metemelomeen (NT: 3338 ). Imperfect indicative in the concessive clause. I was in a regretful mood at first.

For I see blepoo (NT: 991 ) gar (NT: 1063 ). A parenthetical explanation of his present joy in their sorrow. Codex Vaticanus (B) and Codex Bezae (D) do not have gar (NT: 1063 ). The Latin Vulgate has "videns" (seeing) for blepoon (NT: 991 ).

For a season pros (NT: 4314 ) hooran (NT: 5610 ). Compare 1 Thess 2:17. It was only "for an hour." (From Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1997 by Biblesoft & Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament. Copyright (c) 1985 by Broadman Press)

Homily 15 - 2 Corinthians 7:8 John Chrysostom AD 400

2 Cor 7:8. 14 THIS MATERIAL HAS NOT BEEN EDITED FOR SCRIPTURAL ACCURACY, SPELLING, OR GRAMMAR

So that though I made you sorry with my letter, I do not regret it, though I did regret,

He goes on to apologize for his Epistle, when, (the sin having been corrected,) to treat them tenderly was unattended with danger; and he shows the advantage of the thing. For he did this indeed even before, when he said, "For out of much affliction and anguish of heart, I wrote unto you: not that ye should be made sorry, but that ye might know the love which I have toward you." (c. 2:4.)

And he does it also now, establishing this same point in more words. And he said not, 'I regretted indeed before, but now I do not regret:' but how? "I regret not now, though I did regret." 'Even if what I wrote,' he says, 'was such as to overstep the [due] measure of rebuke, and to cause me to regret; still the great advantage which has accrued from them doth not allow me to regret.'

And this he said, not as though he had rebuked them beyond due measure, but to heighten his praises of them. ' For the amendment ye manifested was so great,' saith he, ' that even if I did happen to smite you too severely insomuch that I even condemned myself, I praise myself now from the result.' (from Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series 1, Volume 12, PC Study Bible formatted electronic database Copyright © 2003 by Biblesoft, Inc. All rights reserved.)

CHAPTER SEVEN

‘I-am-joying not that ye-were-sorrowed {S omits ‘but that ye-were-sorrowed.’} but that ye were sorrowed into after-mind ye-were-sorrowed for according-to God that in no-yet-one ye-may-be-being fined out of-us.’ 2 Corinthians 7:9 Concordant Greek Text AD 400

2 Cor 7:9 Now I rejoice - Whereas "I did repent," having made you sorry by my letter, I rejoice NOW, not that ye were caused sorrow, but that your sorrow resulted in repentance.

Ye sorrowed - as before, "ye were made sorry."

After a godly manner - literally, 'according to God,' according to the mind of God; such as leads one to feel the grievousness of sin as being against God, and to seek to be made conformable to God (Ps 51:4; Rom 14:22; 1 Peter 4:6).

That - Greek order, 'to the end that (cf. 2 Cor 11:9) ye might in nothing receive damage from us.' This, under God, was my aim in 'making you sorry'-namely, that the sorrow, being "after a godly manner," might not "damage," but greatly benefit you (2 Cor 7:10). (From Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown Commentary, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1997 by Biblesoft)

2 Cor 7:9 Now I rejoice nun (NT: 3568 ) chairoo (NT: 5463 ). Now that Titus has come and told him the good news from Corinth (2 Cor 2:12 f). This was the occasion of the noble outburst in 2 Cor 2:12-6:10.

Unto repentance eis (NT: 1519 ) metanoian (NT: 3341 ). Note the sharp difference here between "sorrow" lupee (NT: 3077 ) which is merely another form of metamelomai (NT: 3338 ) (regret, remorse) and "repentance" metanoia (NT: 3341 ) or change of mind and life.

It is a linguistic and theological tragedy that we have to go on using "repentance" for metanoia (NT: 3341 ). But observe that the "sorrow" has led to "repentance" and was not itself the repentance.

After a godly sort kata (NT: 2596 ) theon (NT: 2316). In God's way. "God's way as opposed to man's way and the devil's way" (Plummer). It was not mere sorrow, but a change in their attitude that counted.

That ye might suffer loss by us in nothing hina (NT: 2443 ) en (NT: 1722 ) meedeni (NT: 3367 ) zeemiootheete (NT: 2210 ) ex (NT: 1537 ) humoon (NT: 5216 ). Purpose clause with hina (NT: 2443) and first aorist passive subjunctive of zeemiooo (NT: 2210 ), an old verb, to suffer damage. See the note at Matt 16:26. This was God's intention and so he overruled their sorrow to good. (From Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1997 by Biblesoft & Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament. Copyright (c) 1985 by Broadman Press)

CHAPTER SEVEN

7:8-16 FORMER, EPISTLE. EFFECT. D 7:8-. Former Letter. Effect. E 7:-8-11-. Result. Godly sorrow. The Corinthians. F 7:-11. Approving themselves. D 7:12. Former Letter Cause. E 7:13-15. Result. Comfort. Paul F 7:16. Confidence.

Ver. 8, 9. "For I see that that epistle made you sorry, though but for a season. Now I rejoice not that ye were made sorry, but that ye were made sorry unto repentance."

Having said, "I do not regret," he tells the reason also; alleging the good that resulted from his letter; and skillfully excusing himself by saying, "though but for a season." For truly that which was painful was brief, but that which was profitable was perpetual.

And what indeed followed naturally was to say, 'even though it grieved you for a season, yet it made you glad and benefited you forever.' But he doth not say this: but before mentioning the gain he passes again to his praises of them, and the proof of his own concern for them, saying, "Now I rejoice, not that ye were made sorry," (`for what gain came to me from you being made sorry?) "But that ye were made sorry unto repentance," that the sorrow brought some gain.' (from Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series 1, Volume 12, PC Study Bible formatted electronic database Copyright © 2003 by Biblesoft, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Ver. 9"For ye were made sorry after a godly sort, that ye might suffer loss by us in nothing." 16 THIS MATERIAL HAS NOT BEEN EDITED FOR SCRIPTURAL ACCURACY, SPELLING, OR GRAMMAR

Seest thou wisdom unspeakable? 'For had we not done this,' he says, 'we had done you damage.' And he affirms that indeed which was well achieved to be theirs, but the damage his own, if indeed he had been silent. For if they are likely to be corrected by a sharp rebuke, then, if we did not sharply rebuke, we should have done you damage; and the injury would not be with you alone, but also with us. (from Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series 1, Volume 12, PC Study Bible formatted electronic database Copyright © 2003 by Biblesoft, Inc. All rights reserved.)

‘The for according-to God sorrow after-mind into saving un-after-cared is-down-acting {B omit down} the yet of-the system sorrow death.’ 2 Corinthians 7:10 Concordant Greek Text 400 AD

2 Cor 7:10 Worketh ... worketh. In the best Greek reading ['Aleph (') B Delta, ergazetai (NT: 2038 ), the first verb: C G, katergazetai], 'worketh (simply) ... worketh out.' "Sorrow" is not repentance, but when "godly," "worketh" it - i.e., tends to it (the same Greek; Rom 13:10). The "sorrow of the world" (that felt by the worldly) 'worketh out' (Greek), as its result at last (note, 2 Cor 4:17) (eternal) death.

Repentance ... not to be repented of. There is not in the Greek this play on words, so that the word qualified is not "repentance" merely, but 'repentance unto salvation,' 'never to be regretted,' however attended with "sorrow" at the time. "Repentance" implies coming to a right mind; 'regret' implies merely uneasiness of feeling, as the remorse of Judas (Matt 27:3: Greek, 'stricken with remorse;' not as English version, "repented himself").

CHAPTER SEVEN

So that, though always accompanying, is not always accompanied by repentance. "Repentance" removes the impediments to "salvation" (to which "death" - namely, of the soul-is opposed). "The sorrow of the world" is not at the sin, but at its penal consequences; so that the tears of pain are no sooner dried up, than the pleasures of ungodliness are renewed.

Also sorrow such as the world feels at worldly losses, disappointments, etc. So Pharaoh (Ex 9:27-30) and Saul (1 Sam 15:23-30). Compare Isa 9:13; Rev 16:10-11. Contrast David's "godly sorrow" (2 Sam 12:13) and Peter's (Matt 26:75). (From Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown Commentary, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1997 by Biblesoft)

2 Cor 7:10 For godly sorrow hee (NT: 3588 ) gar (NT: 1063 ) kata (NT: 2596 ) Theon (NT: 2316 ) lupee (NT: 3077 ). "For the sorrow according to God" (God's ideal, 2 Cor 7:9).

Worketh repentance unto salvation a repentance without regret metanoian (NT: 3341 ) eis (NT: 1519 ) sooteerian (NT: 4991 ) ametameleeton (NT: 278 ) ergazetai (NT: 2038 ). This clause alone should have prevented the confusion between mere "sorrow" lupee (NT: 3077 ) as indicated in metamellomai (NT: 3338 ), to regret (to be sorry again).

And "change of mind and life" as shown by metanoian (NT: 3341 ) metanoeoo (NT: 3340 ) and wrongly translated "repentance." The sorrow according to God does work this "change of mind and life" unto salvation, a change "not to be regretted" ametameleeton (NT: 278 ), an old verbal 17 THIS MATERIAL HAS NOT BEEN EDITED FOR SCRIPTURAL ACCURACY, SPELLING, OR GRAMMAR adjective of metamelomai (NT: 3338 ) and a (NT: 1 ) privative, but here alone in the New Testament)]. It agrees with metanoian (NT: 3341 ), not sooteerian (NT: 4991 ).

But the sorrow of the world hee (NT: 3588 ) de (NT: 1161 ) tou (NT: 3588 ) kosmou (NT: 2889 ) lupee (NT: 3077 ). In contrast, the kind of sorrow that the world has, grief "for failure, not for sin" (Bernard), for the results as seen in Cain, Esau (his tears!), and Judas (remorse, metemeleethee (NT: 3338 )). Works out (perfective use of [kat-]) death in the end. (From Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1997 by Biblesoft & Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament. Copyright (c) 1985 by Broadman Press)

[2.] Ver. 10. "For godly sorrow worketh repentance unto salvation, a repentance which bringeth no regret."

`Therefore.' he says, 'though I did regret before I saw the fruit and the gain, how great they were I do not regret now 'For such a thing is godly sorrow. And then he philosophized about it, showing that sorrow is not in all cases a grievous thing, but when it is worldly. And what is worldly? If thou be in sorrow for money, for reputation, for him that is departed, all these are worldly.

He that sorrows for sins, he alone attains some advantage from his sorrow, for he maketh his sins wane and disappear. For since the medicine has been prepared for this thing, in this case only is it potent and displays its profitableness; and in the other cases is even injurious.

CHAPTER SEVEN

'And yet Cain,' saith one, 'sorrowed because he was not accepted with God.' It was not for this, but because he saw his brother glorious in honor; for had he grieved for this, it behooved him to emulate and rejoice with him; but, as it was, grieving, he showed that his was a worldly sorrow.

But not so did David, nor Peter, nor any of the righteous. Wherefore they were accepted, when grieving either over their own sins or those of others. And yet what is more oppressive than sorrow? Still when it is after a godly sort, it is better than the joy in the world. For this indeed ends in nothing; but that "worketh repentance unto salvation, a salvation that bringeth no regret."

For no one will condemn himself if he have sorrowed for sin, if he have mourned and afflicted himself. Which also when the blessed Paul hath said he needeth not to adduce from other sources the proof of what he said, nor to bring forward those in the old histories who, sorrowed, but he adduces the Corinthians themselves; and furnishes his proof from what they had done; that along with praises he might both instruct them and the rather win them to, himself. (from Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series 1, Volume 12, PC Study Bible formatted electronic database Copyright © 2003 by Biblesoft, Inc. All rights reserved.)

‘Is-down-acting be-perceiving for same this the according-to God to-be-sorrowed you {B omit you} how-much if-down acts in you {B omit in} diligence but from-say but resenting but fear but on-longing but boiling but out-justing in every ye-together-stand selves pure to-be to-the practise.’ 2 Corinthians 7:11 Concordant Greek Text AD 400

‘Behold for selfsame thing (that) (ye) this after a godly sort sorrowed what it wrought in you, carefulness yea (what) clearing of your selves yea (what) indignation yea (what) fear yea (what) vehement desire yea (what) zeal, yea, (what) revenge! In all (things) ye have approved yourselves clear (in) to be this matter.’ 2 Corinthians 7:11 Modern Greek Text in English

2 Cor 7:11 Confirmation of 2 Cor 7:10 from the Corinthians' own experience.

Carefulness - solicitude [spoudeen (NT: 4710 )], 'diligence:' opposed to their past negligence.

In you - so C G g, Vulgate. But B Delta 'Aleph (') omit "in:" 'for you.'

Yea - not only "carefulness," BUT ALSO [alla (NT: 243 )] "clearing of (apology for) yourselves" - namely, to me anxiety to show you disapproved of the deed.

Indignation - against the offender.

Fear - of the wrath of God, and of sinning anymore (1 Cor 4:2, 19-21).

Vehement desire - longing for restoration to my favour through amendment [epipotheesin (NT: 1972 ), as in 2 Cor 7:7]. "Fear" is in spite of one's self. 'Longing desire' is spontaneous, and implies love. "Desire" for the presence of Paul is included, as he had given them the hope of it (1 Cor 4:19; 16:5).

CHAPTER SEVEN

Zeal - for right and for God's honour against wrong.

Revenge, [ekdikeesin (NT: 1557 )] - 'exacting of punishment' (1 Cor 5:2-3).

In all - the respects just stated.

Clear, [hagnous (NT: 53 ), chaste] - 'pure;' namely, from complicity.

Approved - Greek, 'commended yourselves.' Whatever suspicion of complicity rested on you (1 Cor 5:2, 6) through former remissness, you have cleared off by your present strenuousness in reprobating the deed. (From Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown Commentary, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1997 by Biblesoft)

2 Cor 7:11 This selfsame thing auto (NT: 846 ) touto (NT: 5124 ). "This very thing," "the being made sorry according to God" to (NT: 3588 ) kata (NT: 2596 ) Theon (NT: 2316 ) lupeetheenai (NT: 3076 ), articular first aorist passive infinitive with which auto (NT: 846 ) touto (NT: 5124 ) agrees and the proleptic subject of the verb kateirgasato (NT: 2716 ).

Earnest care spoudeen (NT: 4710 ). Diligence, from speudoo (NT: 4692 ), to hasten. Compare Rom 12:11.

Yea alla (NT: 243 ). Not adversative use of alla (NT: 243 ), but copulative as is common (half dozen examples here).

Clearing of yourselves apologia (NT: 627 ). In the old notion of apologia (NT: 627 ) (self- vindication, self-defense) as in 1 Peter 3:15.

Indignation aganakteesin (NT: 24 ). An old word, only here in the New Testament. From aganakteo (NT: 23 ) (Mark 10:14, etc.).

Avenging ekdikeesin (NT: 1557 ). A late word from ekdikeoo (NT: 1556 ), to avenge, to do justice (Luke 18:5; 21:22), vindication from wrong as in Luke 18:7, to secure punishment (1 Peter 2:14).

Pure hagnous (NT: 53 ). Kin to hagios (NT: 40 ) [hazoo], to reverence, immaculate. (From Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1997 by Biblesoft & Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament. Copyright (c) 1985 by Broadman Press)

Note: I know that it takes time to look up all of these Greek words in a Strong’s Concordance but as a student of Scripture it will give you a better understanding of the text. I also added on this verse both the ancient Greek Text translated into English and the Modern Greek Text found in a Lexicon for your consideration as well. Paul the Learner

CHAPTER SEVEN SECTION TWO

Ver. 11. "For behold," he saith, "this self-same thing, that ye were made sorry after a godly sort, what earnest care it wrought in you." 'For not only,' he saith, 'did your sorrow not cast you into that condemning of yourselves, as having acted idly in so doing; but it made you even more careful.' Then he speaks of the certain tokens of that carefulness;

"Yea," what "clearing of yourselves," towards me. "Yea, what indignation" against him that had sinned. "Yea, what fear." (ver. 11.) For so great carefulness and very speedy reformation was the part of men who feared exceedingly. And that he might not seem to be exalting himself, see how quickly he softened it by saying,

"Yea, what longing," that towards me." Yea, what zeal," that on God's behalf. "Yea, what avenging:" for ye also avenged the laws of God that had been outraged.

"In every thing ye approved yourselves to be pure in the matter." Not only by not having perpetrated, for this was evident before, but also by not consenting unto it. For since he said in the former Epistle, "and ye are puffed up;" (1 Cor 5:2) he also says here, 'ye have cleared yourselves of this suspicion also; not only by not praising, but also by rebuking and being indignant.' (from Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series 1, Volume 12, PC Study Bible formatted electronic database Copyright © 2003 by Biblesoft, Inc. All rights reserved.) 20 THIS MATERIAL HAS NOT BEEN EDITED FOR SCRIPTURAL ACCURACY, SPELLING, OR GRAMMAR

‘Consequently if and I-write to you not on-account of-the one-injuring but {S but by} not-yet on- account of-the one-being-injured but on-account of-the to-be-made-appear the diligence of-you the over us toward you in-view of-the God thru this.’ 2 Corinthians 7:12 Concordant Greek Text 400 AD

2 Cor 7:12 Though I wrote unto you - 'making you sorry' (2 Cor 7:8).

Not for - i.e., not so much for: this was subordinate to my main aim, your edification.

His cause that suffered wrong - the father whose wife the incestuous son had. The father, therefore, was alive.

That our care for you ... So B, Vulgate. But C Delta read 'that YOUR care for US might be made manifest (so Greek) unto you,' etc. But the words, 'unto you,' thus would be obscure. Alford explains it: 'He wrote in order to bring out their zeal on his behalf (i.e., to obey his command), and make it manifest to themselves in God's sight.'

But 2 Cor 2:4, "I wrote ... that ye might know the love which I have more abundantly unto you," accords with the object for which he wrote according to the English version reading here. His writing was not so much for the sake of the individual offender, or the offended, but from his 'earnest care for the welfare of the Church. (From Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown Commentary, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1997 by Biblesoft)

CHAPTER SEVEN

2 Cor 7:12 But that your earnest care for us might be made manifest all' (NT:235 ) heineken (NT:1752 ) tou (NT:3588 ) fanerootheenai (NT:5319 ) teen (NT:3588 ) spoudeen (NT:4710 ) humoon (NT:5216 ) teen (NT:3588 ) huper (NT:5228 ) heemoon (NT:2257 ). So the correct text, not "our care for you." Easy to interchange Greek humoon (NT: 5216 ) (your) and heemoon (NT: 2257 ) (our). Usual construction with preposition heneken (NT: 1752 ) and genitive of articular infinitive with accusative of general reference. (From Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1997 by Biblesoft & Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament. Copyright (c) 1985 by Broadman Press)

[3.] Ver. 12. "So although I wrote unto you," I wrote "not for his cause that did the wrong, nor for his cause that suffered the wrong." For that they might not say, Why then dost thou rebuke us if we were "clear in the matter?" setting himself to meet this even further above, and disposing of it beforehand, he said what he said, namely, "I do nor regret, though I did regret."

'For so far,' says he, 'am I from repenting now of what I wrote then, that I repented then more than I do now when ye have approved yourselves.' Seest thou again his vehemence and earnest contention, how he has turned around what was said unto the very opposite. 21 THIS MATERIAL HAS NOT BEEN EDITED FOR SCRIPTURAL ACCURACY, SPELLING, OR GRAMMAR

For what they thought would have made him recant in confusion as having rebuked them hastily, by reason of their amendment; that he uses as a proof that it was right in him to speak freely. For neither does he refuse afterwards to humor them fearlessly, when he finds he can do this.

For he that said farther above such things as these, "He that is joined to an harlot is one body," (1 Cor 6:16) and, "Deliver such an one to Satan for the destruction of the flesh," (1 Cor 5:5) and, "Every sin that a man doeth is without the body," (1 Cor 6:18) and such like things; how saith he here, "Not for his cause that did the wrong, nor for his cause that suffered the wrong?"

Not contradicting, but being even exceedingly consistent with, himself. How consistent with himself? Because it was a very great point with him to show the affection he bore towards them. He does not therefore discard concern for him, but shows at the same time, as I said, the love he had for them, and that a greater fear agitated him, [namely] for the whole Church.

For he had feared lest the evil should eat further, and advancing on its way should seize upon the whole Church. Wherefore also he said, "A little leaven leaveneth the whole lump." (1 Cor 5:6) This however he said at the time; but now that they had well done, he no longer puts it so but differently: and implies indeed the same thing, but manages his expressions more agreeably, saying,

"That our care for you might appear unto you."

That is, 'that ye might know how I love you.' Now this is the same thing as the former, but being differently expressed seemed to convey another meaning. For [to convince thyself] that it is the same, unfold his conception and thou wilt perceive the difference to be nothing.

CHAPTER SEVEN 'For because I love you exceedingly,' saith he, 'I was afraid lest ye should suffer any injury from that quarter, and yourselves succeed to that sorrow.' As therefore when he says, "Doth God take care for oxen?" (1 Cor 9:9) he doth not mean that He careth not, (for it is not possible for any existing thing to consist if deserted by the Providence of God:) but that He did not legislate primarily for oxen, so also here he means to say, 'I wrote first indeed on your account, but secondly on his also.

And I had indeed that love in myself,' he says, 'even independently of mine Epistle: but I was desirous of showing it both to you, and in a word to all, by that writing. ` (from Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series 1, Volume 12, PC Study Bible formatted electronic database Copyright © 2003 by Biblesoft, Inc. All rights reserved.)

‘We-have-been-beside-called on yet the beside-calling of-us more-exceedingly rather we-were-joyed on the joy of-Titus that has-been-up-ceased the spirit of-him from all of-you.’ 2 Corinthians 7:13 Concordant Greek Text AD 400

2 Cor 7:13-16 13 The Joy of Titus 22 THIS MATERIAL HAS NOT BEEN EDITED FOR SCRIPTURAL ACCURACY, SPELLING, OR GRAMMAR

Therefore we have been comforted in your comfort. And we rejoiced exceedingly more for the joy of Titus, because his spirit has been refreshed by you all. 14 For if in anything I have boasted to him about you, I am not ashamed. But as we spoke all things to you in truth, even so our boasting to Titus was found true. 15 And his affections are greater for you as he remembers the obedience of you all, how with fear and trembling you received him. 16 Therefore I rejoice that I have confidence in you in everything. NKJV

2 Cor 7:13 'Aleph (') B C Delta G f g, Vulgate [de (NT: 1161 ) after epi (NT: 1909 ), and omitted after perissoteroos (NT: 4056 ); and heemoon (NT: 2257 ) for humoon (NT: 5216 )], read, 'Therefore (Greek, 'for this cause,' because our aim is attained) we have been (not "were") comforted; yea (Greek, 'but'), in (or [epi (NT: 1909 )], besides this) OUR comfort we exceedingly the more joyed for the joy of Titus,' etc. (cf. 2 Cor 7:7.) (From Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown Commentary, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1997 by Biblesoft)

2 Cor 7:13 We joyed the more exceedingly perissoteroos (NT: 4056 ) Mallon (NT: 3123 ) echareemen (NT: 5463 ). Double comparative (pleonastic use of Mallon (NT: 3123 ), more, with perissoteroos (NT: 4056 ), more abundantly) as is common in the Koine (Mark 7:36; Phil 1:23).

For the joy of Titus epi (NT: 1909 ) tee (NT: 3588 ) chara (NT: 5479 ) Titou (NT: 5103 ). On the basis of epi (NT: 1909 ) the joy of Titus who was proud of the outcome of his labors in Corinth.

Hath been refreshed anapepautai (NT: 373 ). Perfect passive indicative of anapauoo (NT: 373 ). Compare 1 Cor 16:18 for this striking verb. (From Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1997 by Biblesoft & Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament. Copyright (c) 1985 by Broadman Press)

CHAPTER SEVEN

Homily 16 - 2 Corinthians 7:13 John Chrysostom AD 400 2 Cor 7:13. And in your comfort, we joyed the more exceedingly for the joy of Titus, because his spirit hath been refreshed by you all.

See again how he exalts their praises, and showeth their love. For having said, 'I was pleased that my Epistle wrought so much and that ye gained so much,' for "I rejoice," he saith, "not that ye were made sorry, but that ye were made sorry unto repentance;" and having shown his own love.

For he saith, "Though I wrote unto you, I wrote not for his cause that did the wrong, nor for his cause that suffered the wrong, but that our care for you might be made manifest to you:" again he mentioned another sign of their good will, which bringeth them great praise and showeth the genuineness of their affection.

For, "in your comfort," he saith, "we joyed the more exceedingly for the joy of Titus." And yet this is no sign of one that loveth them exceedingly; rejoicing rather for Titus than for them. 'Yes,' he replies, 'it is, for I joyed not so much for his cause as for yours.'

Therefore also he subjoins the reason, saying, "because his bowels were refreshed by you all." He said not, 'he,' but "his bowels;" that is, 'his love for you.' And how were they refreshed? "By all." For this too is a very great praise. (from Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series 1, Volume 12, PC Study Bible formatted electronic database Copyright © 2003 by Biblesoft, Inc. All rights reserved.)

‘That is any to-him {S added of-them} over you I-have-boasted not I-was-down-viled but as all in truth we-talk to-you to us and the boasting of-us the on Titus truth was-become.’ 2 Corinthians 7:14 Concordant Greek Text AD 400

HOW TO READ THE GREEK TEXT: ‘For if I have boasted any thing to him of you, [That is any to-him over you I-have boasted] I am not ashamed; [not I was down viled] but as we spake all things to you in truth, [but as all in truth we talk to you] even so our boasting, [to us and the boasting of us] which I made before Titus, [the on Titus] is found a truth. [Truth was-become.] 2 Cor. 7:14 + Concordant Greek Text

2 Cor 7:14 Any thing - i.e., at all. I am not ashamed - 'put to shame,' namely, by learning from Titus that you did not realize the high character I gave of you. As ... all things ... in truth, even so our boasting ... is found a truth - as our speaking in general to you was true (2 Cor 1:18), so our particular boasting Before Titus concerning you is now, by his report, proved to be true (cf. 2 Cor 9:2). B reads expressly, 'concerning you:' this is the sense even if "our" [heemoon (NT: 2257 ) for humoon (NT: 5216 )] be read as 'Aleph (') Delta G f g, Vulgate. As I can boast of not having disappointed you in all things that I spake as a preacher, so you have not disappointed the expectations which I boasted I had concerning you. (From Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown Commentary, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1997 by Biblesoft)

CHAPTER SEVEN 2 Cor 7:14 If ... I have gloried ei (NT: 1487 ) ... kekaucheemai (NT: 2744). Condition of first class. On this verb see 1 Cor 3:21; 2 Cor 5:12.

I was not put to shame ou (NT: 3756 ) kateeschuntheen (NT: 2617 ). First aorist passive indicative of kataischunoo (NT: 2617 ). Paul had assured Titus, who hesitated to go after the failure of Timothy, that the Corinthians were sound at bottom and would come round all right if handled properly. Paul's joy is equal to that of Titus.

In truth en (NT: 1722 ) aleetheia (NT: 225). In the sharp letter as well as in 1 Corinthians. He had not hesitated to speak plainly of their sins.

Our glorying before Titus hee (NT: 3588 ) kaucheesis (NT: 2746 ) epi (NT: 1909 ) Titou (NT: 5103). The two things were not inconsistent and were not contradictory as the outcome proved. 24 THIS MATERIAL HAS NOT BEEN EDITED FOR SCRIPTURAL ACCURACY, SPELLING, OR GRAMMAR

Ver. 14. "For if in anything I have gloried to him on your behalf."

It is high praise when the teacher boasted, for he saith, "I was not put to shame." I therefore rejoiced, because ye showed yourselves to be amended and proved my words by your deeds. So that the honor accruing to me was twofold:

First, in that ye had made progress; Next, in that I was not found to fall short of the truth.

Ver. 14. "But as we spake always to you in truth, so our glorying also which I made before Titus was found to be truth."

Here he alludes to something further. As we spake all things among you in truth, (for it is probable that he had also spoken to them much in praise of this man,) so also, what we said of you to Titus has been proved true. (from Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series 1, Volume 12, PC Study Bible formatted electronic database Copyright © 2003 by Biblesoft, Inc. All rights reserved.)

‘And his inward affection is more abundant toward you, [And the compassions of-him more-exceedingly into you] whilst he remembered the obedience of you all, [is of-having-been-up-reminded the of-all] how with fear and trembling ye received him. [Of-you obedience as with fear and trembling ye-receive him].’ 2 Corinthians 7:15 + Concordant Greek Text

2 Cor 7:15 His inward affection - literally, bowels (cf. 2 Cor 6:12; Phil 1:8; 2:1). Obedience (2 Cor 2:9). Fear and trembling - with trembling anxiety to obey my wishes, fearful lest there should be ought in yourselves to offend him and me (2 Cor 7:11: cf. 1 Cor 2:3). (From Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown Commentary, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1997 by Biblesoft)

CHAPTER SEVEN

Note: I thought of a good exercise for you. Take the Greek Text (Ancient) and divide it up like I have just done in the last two verses. Remember the words will be somewhat different but you can get the meaning I believe. I will set up the last Greek verse for you. Paul the Learner

2 Cor 7:15 Whilst he remembered anamimneeskomenou (NT: 363 ). Present middle participle of anamimneeskoo (NT: 363 ), to remind, in the genitive case agreeing with autou (NT: 846) (his, of him).

The obedience of you all teen (NT: 3588 ) pantoon (NT: 3956 ) humoon (NT: 5216 ) hupakoueen (NT: 5219 ). A remarkable statement of the complete victory of Titus in spite of a stubborn minority still opposing Paul. 25 THIS MATERIAL HAS NOT BEEN EDITED FOR SCRIPTURAL ACCURACY, SPELLING, OR GRAMMAR

With fear and trembling Meta (NT: 3326 ) fobou (NT: 5401 ) kai (NT: 2532 ) tromou (NT: 5156 ). He had brought a stern message (1 Cor 5:5) and they had trembled at the words of Titus (cf. Eph 6:5; Phil 2:12). Paul had himself come to the Corinthians at first with a nervous dread (1 Cor 2:3). (From Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1997 by Biblesoft & Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament. Copyright (c) 1985 by Broadman Press)

Ver. 15. "And his inward affection is more abundant toward you."

What follows is in commendation of him, as exceedingly consumed with love and attached to them. And he said not 'his love. ` Then that he may not appear to be flattering, he everywhere mentions the causes of his affection; in order that he may, as I said, both escape the imputation of flattery and the more encourage them by making the praise redound unto them.

And by showing that it was they who had infused into him the beginning and ground of this so great love. For having said, "His inward affection is more abundant toward you;" he added,

"Whilst he remembered the obedience of you all." Now this both shows that Titus was grateful to his benefactors, seeing he had returned, having them all in his heart, and continually remembered them, and beareth them on his lips and in his mind; and also is a greater distinction to the Corinthians, seeing that so vanquished they sent him away. Then he mentions their obedience also, magnifying their zeal: wherefore also he added these words,

"How with fear and trembling you received him." Not with love only, but also with excessive honor. Seest thou how he bears witness to a twofold virtue in them: 1. Both that they loved him as a father and; 2. Had feared him as a ruler,

Neither for fear dimming love, nor for love relaxing fear. He expressed this also above, "That ye sorrow after a godly sort, what earnest care it wrought in you; yea what fear, yea what longing." (from Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series 1, Volume 12, PC Study Bible formatted electronic database Copyright © 2003 by Biblesoft, Inc. All rights reserved.)

CHAPTER SEVEN

I am joying that in every I am having courage in you. 2 Corinthians 7:16 in the Ancient Greek Text.

I-am-joying that in every I-am-having-courage in you.’ 2 Corinthians 7:16 Concordant Greek.

English Translation is:

I rejoice that in all things I have confidence in you. 2 Corinthians 7:16 in the Modern Greek Text

I rejoice (NT 5463 chairoo) (therefore) that (NT 3754 hoti) in (NT 1722 en) all things (NT 3956 panti I have confidence (NT 2292 tharroo) in (NT 1722 en) you (NT 5213 humin).

2 Cor 7:16 Therefore. Omitted in 'Aleph (') B C Delta G, Vulgate. The conclusion is more emphatic without it.

That I have confidence in you in all things - Greek, 'that in everything I am of good courage in the case of you,' as contrasted with my former misgivings. (From Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown Commentary, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1997 by Biblesoft)

2 Cor 7:16 I am of good courage tharroo (NT: 2292 ). The outcome has brought joy, courage, and hope to Paul. (From Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1997 by Biblesoft & Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament. Copyright (c) 1985 by Broadman Press)

Ver. 16. "I rejoice therefore, that in every thing I am of good courage concerning you."

Seest thou that he rejoiceth more on their account; 'because,' he saith, 'ye have in no particular shamed your teacher, nor show yourselves unworthy of my testimony.' So that he joyed not so much for Titus' sake, that he enjoyed so great honor; as for their own, that they had displayed so much good feeling.

For that he may not be imagined to joy rather on Titus' account, observe how in this place also he states the reason. As then he said above, "If in anything I have gloried to him on your behalf I was not put to shame;" so here also, "In everything I am of good courage concerning you." + 'Should need require me to rebuke, I have no apprehension of your being alienated; or again to boast, I fear not to be convicted of falsehood; or to praise you as obeying the rein, or as loving, or as full of zeal, I have confidence in you. I bade you cut off, and ye did cut off; I bade you receive, and ye did receive.

I said before Titus that ye were great and admirable kind of people and knew to reverence teachers: ye proved these things true by your conduct. And he learnt these things not so much from me as from you. At any rate when he returned, he had become a passionate lover of you: your behavior having surpassed what he had been told.' (from Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series 1, Volume 12, PC Study Bible formatted electronic database Copyright © 2003 by Biblesoft, Inc. All rights reserved.)