Name: Date: Period s2

Name: Date: Period: Immunity; WebQuest

Part 1 Viruses Go to http://science.howstuffworks.com/virus-human.htm 1. Name 5 diseases caused by viruses A. B. C D. E.

At the bottom Click on Next Page → What is a Virus? 2. A quick compare/contrast of a bacteria and virus

Bacteria Virus

3. Draw a virus and label the parts from the description on this page (What is a Virus) Click on next page → How Viruses Infect You. 4. What are the 6 steps of the Lytic Cycle (the viral reproductive cycle) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 5. Draw the stages of the Lytic Cycle in the circles below. Label virus and cell parts & title each stage.

Part 2 HIV Retrovirus Animation View the animation and answer the following questions Go to http://www.susanahalpine.com/anim/KubyHTML/HIV.htm http://bcs.whfreeman.com/immunology5e/content/anm/kb03an01.htm

1. What is a retrovirus? ______

2. What infamous virus belongs to this class? ______

3. How does infection begin? ______

4. What from the virus goes into the infected cell? 5. What is the function of reverse transcriptase?

______

6. Where does the newly produced viral DNA go? ______7. What does the viral DNA (proviral DNA) do? ______

The remainder of the animation is detailed. Watch it and see if you can get the meaning.

What happens on the ribosomes of the cell’s ER (endoplasmic reticulum)?

What is the function of the cell’s golgi apparatus in the making of a virus?

What eventually happens to the infected cell?

The Viruses?

Review http://www.rnceus.com/arvd/hiv7.swf for more help with your summary. 8. Use the above questions to help you summarize the remainder of the animation.

Part 3 Prokayrotes Go to http://www.biology.arizona.edu/cell_bio/tutorials/pev/page2.html 1. Name several characteristics of a prokaryotic cell. a. b. c. d. e. f. 2. If you were a bacteria - describe at least 5 things about yourself i. ii. iii. iv. v. 3. What are 5 interesting facts about the Archaea bacteria Menanococcus jannaschii? i. ii. iii. iv. v.

Part 3 Immune System Go to http://nobelprize.org/educational/medicine/immunity/immune-overview.html 1. What is the first line of defense against an infection?

2. What are some fluids that keep those invaders at bay?

3. The cells in the lungs called ______help keep the bacteria and virus out. 4. What are three main ways that bacteria and virus get in a. b. c. 5. What is inflammation and why does it occur?

6. Immune system cells are called ______and are usually produced in the ______and some kinds produce ______that mark intruders for destruction by other cells.

7. Who are our main enemies? 8. Viruses need a ______to reproduce. 9. Antigens are:______10. Pathogens are:______

Scroll down to the immune system – in more detail: http://nobelprize.org/educational/medicine/immunity/immune-detail.html The Three parts of the immune system (look at the red letters) a. b. c. 1. The complement system is made of ______that flow freely in the blood to reach the site of invasion where they react directly with ______. 2. When activated the complement system a. b. c. d. 3. The three types of phagocytes and what they do a. b. c. 4. Which of the phagocytes is the longest lived and what kind of cell did they start out as like you started out as a zygote.

5. The two kinds of lymphocytes are: 6. The two kinds of T cells and their functions: a.

7. List the three kinds of B cells and their functions:

Immune System Cell Cartoon of Your Making

Part 4 Vaccine Go to http://bcs.whfreeman.com/immunology5e/content/anm/kb08an01.htm 1. Name four infectious diseases a. b. c. d. 2. Describe one of the four diseases: its causes, symptoms, and how it harms its host

3. Explain the type of vaccine which was appropriate for the disease you selected.

Part 4 The Immune Response (extra credit) Go to http://www.biology.arizona.edu/immunology/tutorials/immunology/main.html History of Vaccinations 1. Who is credited with the first vaccine and for what.

2. Who was the English scientists that showed how the vaccine worked using the scientific method? Tell the story in your own words. Be prepared to share.

Discrimination of self from nonself 1. What does this statement mean?

Work through the problem set – Tutorials included 1. A pathogen is a type of antigen.

2. Expectant parents now have the option to save their baby's "cord blood" (blood from the umbilical cord) immediately following birth. This cord blood can be transplanted into individuals whose blood has been damaged by diseases such as leukemia, Hodgkin's lymphoma, and sickle cell anemia. Saved cord blood is a perfect match for the baby it came from, and can also be useful in treating relatives of the baby. What cells should be harvested from the cord blood to best treat patients with blood diseases? 3. Immediately following a break in the skin, phagocytes engulf bacteria within the wound. This is an example of an ______immune response which is ______against a pathogen.

4. ______are responsible for the production of antibody against free pathogens and soluble products from pathogens while ______destroy pathogen and virally infected cells and abnormal cells.

5. The ability to produce billions of different antibodies in humans results from:

6. Antigen combining sites: If a B cell clone began to produce antibody with altered binding strength and specificity for antigen, you would expect the mutation of the antibody gene to involve:

7. Allergies result from the production of ______directed against an antigen.

8. Epstein Barr virus (EBV) infects endothelial cells and B cells. About half of us are infected by the virus while very young, and do not suffer disease. Around half of individuals who avoid the virus while young are infected in the teenage years and develop a disease called mononucleosis. In this disease, lymph nodes swell painfully as our immune system produces large numbers of lymphocytes to eliminate virus-producing cells. These lymphocytes are probably:

9. The clonal selection theory of antibody diversity says:

10. Regulation by MHC: The significance of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in the immune response:

11. The lack of an immune response to self is called:

12. Monoclonal antibodies:Within the body, a B cell with a specific antibody can undergo clonal expansion (make many copies of itself) in the absence of antigen.