Unit Study Guide

Study Guide for Chapters 19-20

RISE OF THE INDUSTRY AND THE GUILDED AGE

READING QUETIONS

* What were the technological innovations that allowed for the rapid expansion of the railroads? * What were the changes that railroads brought to the nation? * What were the keys to America’s rapid growth as an industrial power in this period? * Summarize the information on labor in the South and immigrant labor. Use bullet points if you prefer. * Summarize the information on working women, and scientific management. How were women impacted by working and how were workers affected by Frederick W. Taylor’s theories on how to organize workers? Use bullet points if you prefer. * What were the differences between the Knights of Labor and the American Federation of Labor? Make a chart comparing the two in the following questions: Who was eligible to join? What were goals of each union? What were the union’s methods of achieving its goals? What was the public’s perception of the union? * Explain the rise of radicalism in the U.S. * Summarize national politics in this period. How did the parties differ? * Identify the Pendleton Act and explain the tariff as political issues. * Explain Social Darwinism and the implications for politics. What was considered the proper role of government at this time? Give examples that show this. * What was the relationship between religion and politics in the late 19th century? * What was the role of party machines in this period? Who were the Stalwarts, Halfbreeds, and Mugwumps? (Wouldn’t these make great rock bands?) * What was the link between the women’s suffrage movement and the temperance movement? How did the idea of “separate spheres” create a place for women in public life? * How did ethnic groups organize themselves within cities? * What did the political machines do for urban residents? Where did they get money to fund their activities? * What were the conditions for immigrants as they arrived in America and how Americans reacted to the increasing numbers of immigrants? * Describe the interplay of race and class in Southern politics. * List the main issues of populism * Why did silver become a national issue? * What were the main issues in the election of 1896? Why is this a realigning election? (A realigning election is one in which the supporters of one party switch to the opposite party.) IDENTIFICATIONS Benjamin Harrison Charles Guiteau Pendleton Act (1883) United States vs. Edmunds Civil Service Commission Great Railroad Strike of 1877 laissez-faire economics corporations Horatio Alger Bessemer process Roscoe Conkling time zones Social Darwinism patronage system George Westinghouse Blue laws Cornelius Vanderbilt Blaine amendments refrigerated railroad cars Stalwarts Gustavus F. Swift Halfbreeds Andrew Carnegie James G. Blaine U.S. Steel Mugwumps Gospel of Wealth “Rum, Romanism, and Rebellion” John D. Rockefeller machine politics Standard Oil Greenback – Labor Party J. P. Morgan Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) The “New South” Frances Willard James B. Duke Grange movement mass production Farmers’ Alliances Frederick W. Taylor Populist Party Scientific management James B. Weaver Knights of Labor Mary Elizabeth Lease Terence Powderly Omaha Platform Samuel Gompers Bland-Allison Act (1878) American Federation of Labor Sherman Silver Purchase Act (1890) Haymarket Riots (1886) Coxey’s Army yellow-dog contracts McKinley Tariff (1890) Homestead Steel Strike (1892) Panic of 1893 Henry Clay Frick William Jennings Bryan Pinkerton Detective Agency “Cross of gold” speech George M.. Pullman Mark Hanna Pullman Strike (1894) William McKinley Eugene V. Debs Front porch campaign Socialist Party of America Election of 1896 Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) or Tammany Hall Wobblies William “Boss” Tweed Sherman Antitrust Act (1890) Thomas Nast Munn v. Illinois (1877) Territory gained after Sp-Am War Wabash Case (1886) Open Door Policy U.S. v. E. C. Knight Co. (1895) John Hay In re Debs (1895) Boxer Rebellion Interstate Commerce Act (1887) Anti-Imperialist The Gilded Age by Mark Twain and Platt Amendment Charles Dudley Warner Filipino-American War Rutherford B. Hayes James A. Garfield Chester A. Arthur Grover Cleveland