Alliance For College-Ready Public Schools

History Grade 12 American Government Instructional Guide 2011-2012 1

History Social Science – Grade 12 American Government Benchmark Assessments and Instructional Guide

Instructional Guides are provided as resource for Alliance classroom teachers. They identify high priority grade-level standards to be taught during each quarter of instruction in the context of proposed units with a suggested amount of time. High priority standards are assessed on quarterly benchmark exams.

Unit Priority Standards CST 1st Qtr Medium Priority Standards *Block Topics to be Textbook/ Benchmark Assessment Items Items Time Addressed Resource Unit 1: American 12.1.1 Analyze the influence of ancient 3 12.1.2 Discuss the character 8 days  Bill of Rights Governme Government Greek, Roman, English, and leading of American democracy  Purpose of nt In Foundations European political thinkers such as and its promise and perils government America: John Locke, Charles-Louis as articulated by Alexis Chap. 2 Montesquieu, Niccolò Machiavelli, and  Weaknesses of Unit Summary de Tocqueville. Chap. 3 William Blackstone on the the Articles of This unit will focus on the development of American government. 12.1.6 Understand that the Confederation Chap. 4 influence historical 12.1.3 Explain how the U.S. Constitution 3 Bill of Rights limits the  Constitutionalism figures had on the reflects a balance between the powers of the federal  Ratification development of the classical republican concern with government and state debates promotion of the public good and the American government, governments.  Great classical liberal concern with as well as the views of Compromise the founders of this protecting individual rights; and  Separation of government. Students discuss how the basic premises of liberal constitutionalism and powers will describe the democracy are joined in the  Three Fifths constitutional system Declaration of Independence as “self- Compromise created and the evident truths.”  Checks and safeguards included, 12.1.4 Explain how the Founding Fathers' 3 balances such as the Bill of realistic view of human nature led Rights. The unit will directly to the establishment of a  Delegated address the powers constitutional system that limited the powers given and withheld by power of the governors and the  Concurrent the framers of the governed as articulated in the powers Federalist Papers. Constitution. Students 3  Implied powers 12.1.5 Describe the systems of separated  Enumerated will discuss the debates and shared powers, the role of that led to the formation organized interests (Federalist Paper powers of the Constitution. Number 10), checks and balances (Federalist Paper Number 51), the importance of an independent judiciary (Federalist Paper Number 78), enumerated powers, rule of law, federalism, and civilian control of the military. History Grade 12 American Government Instructional Guide 2011-2012 2 Unit Priority Standards CST 1st Qtr Medium Priority Standards *Block Topics to be Textbook/ Benchmark Assessment Items Items Time Addressed Resource

Unit 2: Legislative, 12.4.1 Discuss Article I of the 3 12.4.2 Explain the process 8 days  The lawmaking Governme Judicial, and Executive Constitution as it relates to the through which the process nt In Branches legislative branch, including Constitution can be  The presidency America: eligibility for office and lengths of amended. and its powers Chap. 9 Unit Summary terms of representatives and 12.4.3 Identify their current  Bicameral Chap. 12 This unit will focus on the senators; election to office; the representatives in the Congress Chap. 13 organization, powers, roles of the House and Senate in legislative branch of the  Congressional Chap. 16 and limits of the three impeachment proceedings; the role national government. powers branches of the federal of the vice president; the 12.4.6 Explain the processes  Judicial powers government, as well as enumerated legislative powers; of selection and  The eight roles the process by which and the process by which a bill confirmation of Supreme of the president members are added to becomes a law. Court justices.  Selection of the each branch. Students 12.4.4 Discuss Article II of the 3 president will study the first three Constitution as it relates to the  Selection of Articles of the executive branch, including members of Constitution and will eligibility for office and length of Congress describe the process of term, election to and removal from amending the office, the oath of office, and the  Selection of Constitution. enumerated executive powers. Supreme Court 12.4.5 Discuss Article III of the 3 justices Constitution as it relates to judicial power, including the length of terms of judges and the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court. Unit Priority Standards CST 1st Qtr Medium supporting Standards *Block Topics to be Textbook/ Benchmark Assessment Items Items Time Addressed Resource Unit 3: Supreme 12.5.1 Understand the changing 3 5 days  Role of the Governme Court and its interpretations of the Bill of History Grade 12 American Government Instructionalfederal Guide courts2011-2012nt In Decisions Rights over time, including 3  Judicial review America: interpretations of the basic  Civil rights and Chap. 5 Unit Summary freedoms (religion, speech, civil liberties This unit will focus on press, petition, and assembly)  Due process the work of the articulated in the First  Equal justice Supreme Court and Amendment and the due under the law how it has impacted process and equal-protection-  Jurisdiction life in the United States of-the-law clauses of the  Majority since the ratification of Fourteenth Amendment. opinion the Constitution. 12.5.2 Analyze judicial activism 3  Concurring Students will study and judicial restraint and the opinion Supreme Court effects of each policy over the decisions and the decades (e.g., the Warren and  Dissenting result of those Rehnquist courts). opinion decisions. 12.5.3 Evaluate the effects of the 3  Writ of habeas Court's interpretations of the corpus Constitution in Marbury v.  Miranda rule Madison, McCulloch v.  Separate-but- Maryland, and United States v. equal Nixon, with emphasis on the arguments espoused by each side in these cases. 12.5.4 Explain the controversies 3 that have resulted over changing interpretations of civil rights, including those in Plessy v. Ferguson, Brown v. Board of Education, Miranda v. Arizona, Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Pena, and United States v. Virginia (VMI). History Grade 12 American Government Instructional Guide 2011-2012 4 Unit Priority Standards CST 2nd Qtr Medium Priority Standards *Block Topics to be Textbook/ Benchmark Assessment Items Items Time Addressed Resource Unit 4: Government 12.2.1 Discuss the meaning and 2-3 12.2.5 Describe the reciprocity 8 days  Political parties Governme of the People: importance of each of the rights between rights and  Interest groups nt In Political Participation guaranteed under the Bill of obligations; that is, why  Citizenship and America: Rights and how each is secured enjoyment of one’s rights its responsibilities Chap. 4 Unit Summary (e.g., freedom of religion, speech, entails respect for the  Citizenship and Chap. 6 This unit will focus on press, assembly, petition, rights of others. its rights Chap. 7 the participation by the privacy). 2-3 12.2.6 Explain how one  Freedom of the Chap. 8 citizens of the United 12.2.2 Explain how economic rights becomes a citizen of the press Chap. 10 States in the process are secured and their importance United States, including  The electoral Chap. 11 of governing the to the individual and to society the process of process country. Students will (e.g., the right to acquire, use, naturalization (e.g.,  Elections study the rights, transfer, and dispose of property; literacy, language, and  Campaign obligations, and right to choose one’s work; right other requirements). funding responsibilities of to join or not join labor unions; 12.3.3 Discuss the historical citizenship. Study will copyright and patent). role of religion and  Citizenship also focus on the role 12.2.3 Discuss the individual’s legal 2-3 religious diversity. religion, the media, obligations to obey the law, serve 12.3.4 Compare the and interest groups as a juror, and pay taxes. relationship of have in the functioning 12.2.4 Understand the obligations of 2-3 government and civil of the government. civic-mindedness, including society in constitutional Students will describe voting, being informed on civic democracies to the the ways people can issues, volunteering and relationship of become citizens of the performing public service, and government and civil United States. serving in the military or society in authoritarian Attention will also be alternative service. and totalitarian regimes. given to the rise of 12.3.1 Explain how civil society 2-3 12.6.3 Evaluate the roles of political parties and the provides opportunities for polls, campaign role they play in individuals to associate for social, advertising, and the government. cultural, religious, economic, and controversies over political purposes. campaign funding. 12.3.2 Explain how civil society makes 2-3 12.6.5 Discuss the features of it possible for people, individually direct democracy in or in association with others, to numerous states (e.g., the bring their influence to bear on process of referendums, government in ways other than recall elections). voting and elections. 12.8.1 Discuss the meaning 12.6.1 Analyze the origin, 2-3 and importance of a free development, and role of political and responsible press. parties, noting those occasional 12.8.2 Describe the roles of periods in which there was only broadcast, print, and one major party or were more than electronic media, two major parties. including the Internet, as History Grade 12 American Government Instructional Guide 2011-2012 5 Unit Priority Standards CST 2nd Qtr Medium Priority Standards *Block Topics to be Textbook/ Benchmark Assessment Items Items Time Addressed Resource 12.6.2 Discuss the history of the 2-3 means of communication nomination process for in American politics. presidential candidates and the 12.8.3 Explain how public increasing importance of officials use the media to primaries in general elections. communicate with the 12.6.4 Describe the means that 2-3 citizenry and to shape citizens use to participate in the public opinion. political process (e.g., voting, campaigning, lobbying, filing a legal challenge, demonstrating, petitioning, picketing, running for political office). 12.6.6 Analyze trends in voter turnout; 2-3 the causes and effects of reapportionment and redistricting, with special attention to spatial districting and the rights of minorities; and the function of the Electoral College. History Grade 12 American Government Instructional Guide 2011-2012 6 Unit Priority Standards CST 2nd Qtr Medium Priority Standards *Block Topics to be Textbook/ Benchmark Assessment Items Items Time Addressed Resource

Unit 5: State and 12.7.1 Explain how conflicts between 2-3 7 days  Structure of Governme Local Government levels of government and state nt In branches of government are government America: Unit Summary resolved.  Structure of Chap. 21 This unit will focus on 12.7.2 Identify the major 2-3 local the function of local responsibilities and sources of government and state revenue for state and local  State governments. It will governments. Constitutions compare and contrast 12.7.3 Discuss reserved powers and 2-3  California the role and concurrent powers of state Constitution jurisdiction of the governments.  Balance federal government 12.7.4 Discuss the Ninth and Tenth 2-3 between state with local and state Amendments and interpretations and federal government. of the extent of the federal governments Students will also government's power.  Executive study California 12.7.5 Explain how public policy is 2-3 powers government. formed, including the setting of  Direct Study will be given to the public agenda and legislation the impact federal implementation of it through  Statutory law power has on state regulations and executive orders. and local governments 12.7.6 Compare the processes of 2-3  Taxes and people. lawmaking at each of the three Students will describe levels of government, including the similarities and the role of lobbying and the differences of media. lawmaking on the 12.7.7 Identify the organization and 2-3 three levels. jurisdiction of federal, state, and local (e.g., California) courts and the interrelationships among them. 12.7.8 Understand the scope of 2-3 presidential power and decision making through examination of case studies such as the Cuban Missile Crisis, passage of Great Society legislation, War Powers Act, Gulf War, and Bosnia. History Grade 12 American Government Instructional Guide 2011-2012 7 Unit Priority Standards CST 2nd Qtr Medium Priority Standards *Block Topics to be Textbook/ Benchmark Assessment Items Items Time Addressed Resource

Unit 6: Comparing 12.9.1 Explain how the different 2-3 7 days  Current world Governme Governments philosophies and structures of democracies nt In feudalism, mercantilism,  Socialism America: Unit Summary socialism, fascism, communism,  Communism Text does This unit will focus on monarchies, parliamentary  Capitalism not comparing different systems, and constitutional liberal  Free enterprise address types of governments democracies influence economic system issues of found in the world. policies, social welfare policies,  Popular comparativ Students will describe and human rights practices. sovereignty e the ideologies that led 12.9.2 Compare the various ways in 2-3 governmen  Historical to the revolutions in which power is distributed, ts. political Central and South shared, and limited in systems of systems America, Africa, and shared powers and in  Comparing Asia. Study will focus parliamentary systems, including governments on the establishment the influence and role of and eventual parliamentary leaders (e.g.,  Transitions to overthrow of William Gladstone, Margaret democracy communist Thatcher). governments 12.9.3 Discuss the advantages and 2-3 especially in Europe. disadvantages of federal, con Students will also federal, and unitary systems of address issues within government. the United States 12.9.4 Describe for at least two 2-3 democracy. countries the consequences of conditions that gave rise to tyrannies during certain periods (e.g., Italy, Japan, Haiti, Nigeria, Cambodia). 12.9.5 Identify the forms of illegitimate 2-3 power that twentieth-century African, Asian, and Latin American dictators used to gain and hold office and the conditions and interests that supported them. 12.9.6 Identify the ideologies, causes, 2-3 stages, and outcomes of major Mexican, Central American, and South American revolutions in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. History Grade 12 American Government Instructional Guide 2011-2012 8 Unit Priority Standards CST 2nd Qtr Medium Priority Standards *Block Topics to be Textbook/ Benchmark Assessment Items Items Time Addressed Resource

12.9.7 Describe the ideologies that 2-3 give rise to Communism, methods of maintaining control, and the movements to overthrow such governments in Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and Poland, including the roles of individuals (e.g., Alexander Solzhenitsyn, Pope John Paul II, Lech Walesa, Vaclav Havel). 12.9.8 Identify the successes of 2-3 relatively new democracies in Africa, Asia, and Latin America and the ideas, leaders, and general societal conditions that have launched and sustained, or failed to sustain, them. 2-3 12.10 Students formulate questions about and defend their analyses of tensions within our constitutional democracy and the importance of maintaining a balance between the following concepts: majority rule and individual rights; liberty and equality; state and national authority in a federal system; civil disobedience and the rule of law; freedom of the press and the right to a fair trial; the relationship of religion and government.