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Heraldry: Where Art and Family History Meet Part II: Marshalling and Cadency by Richard A

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Heraldry: Where Art and Family History Meet Part II: Marshalling and Cadency by Richard A Heraldry: Where Art and Family History Meet Part II: Marshalling and Cadency by Richard A. McFarlane, J.D., Ph.D. Heraldry: Where Art and Family History Meet 1 Part II: Marshalling and Cadency © Richard A. McFarlane (2015) Marshalling is — 1 Marshalling is the combining of multiple coats of arms into one achievement to show decent from multiple armigerous families, marriage between two armigerous families, or holding an office. Marshalling is accomplished in one of three ways: dimidiation, impalement, and 1 Image: The arms of Edward William Fitzalan-Howard, 18th Duke of Norfolk. Blazon: Quarterly: 1st, Gules a Bend between six Cross Crosslets fitchée Argent, on the bend (as an Honourable Augmentation) an Escutcheon Or charged with a Demi-Lion rampant pierced through the mouth by an Arrow within a Double Tressure flory counter-flory of the first (Howard); 2nd, Gules three Lions passant guardant in pale Or in chief a Label of three points Argent (Plantagenet of Norfolk); 3rd, Checky Or and Azure (Warren); 4th, Gules a Lion rampant Or (Fitzalan); behind the shield two gold batons in saltire, enamelled at the ends Sable (as Earl Marshal). Crests: 1st, issuant from a Ducal Coronet Or a Pair of Wings Gules each charged with a Bend between six Cross Crosslets fitchée Argent (Howard); 2nd, on a Chapeau Gules turned up Ermine a Lion statant guardant with tail extended Or ducally gorged Argent (Plantagenet of Norfolk); 3rd, on a Mount Vert a Horse passant Argent holding in his mouth a Slip of Oak Vert fructed proper (Fitzalan) Supporters: Dexter: a Lion Argent; Sinister: a Horse Argent holding in his mouth a Slip of Oak Vert fructed proper. Motto: Sola Virtus Invicta (Virtue alone is unconquerable). Wikipedia. “Edward Fitzalan-Howard, 18th Duke of Norfolk.” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Fitzalan-Howard,_18th _Duke_of_Norfolk#Titles_and_styles. Accessed: October 17, 2015. Heraldry: Where Art and Family History Meet 2 Part II: Marshalling and Cadency © Richard A. McFarlane (2015) quartering.1 1 Arthur Charles Fox-Davies, A Complete Guide to Heraldry (New York: Dodge Publishing Co., 1909, reprint. New York: Bonanza Books, 1978) 523. Heraldry: Where Art and Family History Meet 3 Part II: Marshalling and Cadency © Richard A. McFarlane (2015) Two Coats of Arms, One Shield — 1 Dimindiation placed the dexter side of the husband’s arms on the dexter side of the new combined shield, and the sinister side of the wife’s arms on the sinister side. It can lead to confusion, as in the lower example, and is no longer used.2 1 Upper Image: Wikipedia. Created to demonstrate heraldic dimidiation. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File :Dimidiation_demo.svg. Accessed: October 14, 2015. Lower Image: Wikipedia. Created to demonstrate heraldic dimidiation. Joining together of two heraldic shields creates bogus "chevron".https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dimidiation,_worse _case_ demo.svg. Accessed: October 14, 2015. 2 Arthur Charles Fox-Davies, A Complete Guide to Heraldry (New York: Dodge Publishing Co., 1909, reprint. New York: Bonanza Books, 1978) 523-524. Heraldry: Where Art and Family History Meet 4 Part II: Marshalling and Cadency © Richard A. McFarlane (2015) Two Coats of Arms, One Shield — 1 Impaling places one entire coat of arms on one side of the shield, and another entire coat of arms on the other. It is preferred over dimindiation, for obvious reasons. In the case of a married couple, if the wife is not an “heiress,” meaning her father is armigerious and she has brothers who will inherit the arms, the husband places his arms on the dexter side of the new, combined shield, and his wife’s father’s arms on the sinister side. This 1 Upper Image: Wikipedia. Created to demonstrate heraldic impalement. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki /File:Impalement_demo.svg. Accessed: October 26, 2015. Lower Image: Sophie, Countess of Wessex. Blazon: Quarterly, 1st and 4th, Gules three lions passant guardant in pale Or armed and langed Azure, 2nd Or a lion rampant Gules armed and langued Azure within a double tressure flory counterflory of the second, 3rd Azure a harp Or stringed Argent, the whole differenced with a label of three points Argent with the central point charged with a Tudor rose; impaled with a shield quarterly Gules and Azure a lion rampant regardant within an orle Or (for Rhys-Jones). Supporters: Dexter, a lion rampant gardant Or crowned with the coronet of the rank of a child of the Sovereign proper; Sinister a wyvern Azure, gorged with a coronet Or composed of crosses pattées and fleurs de lis a chain affixed also Or. Motto: CAS GêR NI CHÂR Y WLAD A'I MACO (Welsh: Hateful the man who loves not the country that nurtured him). Heraldry: Where Art and Family History Meet 5 Part II: Marshalling and Cadency © Richard A. McFarlane (2015) new coat of arms indicates the union of the two families through marriage, however, it does not pass on to the next generation. The College Arms in London has decided: (1) A man who contracts a same-sex marriage may impale the arms of his husband with his own on a shield or banner but should bear his own crest rather than the crests of both parties. The coat of arms of each party to the marriage will be distinguishable (1) by the arms of the individual concerned being placed on the dexter side of the shield or banner and (2) by the crest (when included). When one of the parties to the marriage dies, the survivor may continue to bear the combined arms on a shield or banner. (2) A woman who contracts a same-sex marriage may bear arms on a shield or banner, impaling the arms of her wife with her own or (in cases where the other party is an heraldic heiress) placing the arms of her wife in pretence. The coat of arms of each party to the marriage will be distinguishable by the arms of the individual concerned being placed on the dexter side of the shield or banner (or displayed as the principal arms in cases where the other party is an heraldic heiress whose arms are borne in pretence). When one of the parties to the marriage dies, the survivor may bear the combined arms on a lozenge or banner. (3) A married man will continue to have the option of bearing his own arms alone. A ruling of the Kings of Arms made on 6 November 1997 allows a married woman to bear her own arms alone differenced by a small escutcheon. That will continue to be the case but the addition of the mark of difference will forthwith be optional.1 The example shows the arms of Sophie, Countess of Wessex, the wife of Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex, Queen Elizabeth’s youngest son. The arms show, on the dexter half, those of the Queen differenced with a label of three points Argent with the central point charged with a Tudor rose; impaled with the arms of her father, Christopher Rhys-Jones, “a shield quarterly Gules and Azure a lion rampant regardant within an orle Or.” 1 United Kingdom. College of Arms. “The Arms of Individuals in Same-Sex Marriages.” March 29,, 2014. Online. http://www.college-of-arms.gov.uk/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=47:kings-ruling- 2014&catid=12:resources&Itemid=216. Accessed: September 20, 2015. Heraldry: Where Art and Family History Meet 6 Part II: Marshalling and Cadency © Richard A. McFarlane (2015) More Examples — 1 Other than a married couple, impairment is also used to combine the arms of an office with the arms of the officeholder. In the examples above, the one on the left shows the arms of Cardinal Sean Patrick O’Malley, Catholic Archbishop of Boston. The image on the right shows the arms of Sir James Monteith Grant, Lord Lyon King of Arms from 1969 to 1981. In both 1 Left image: arms of Cardinal Sean Patrick O’Malley. Blazon: Arms impaled. Dexter: Azure, a cross fleurettee Or; issuant from a base bary wavy of five, of the first and Argent, a mount of three coteaux of the second. Sinister: Gules, a ship of three masts, at sail, Or, between three stars Argent; on a chief of the third the arms of the Franciscan Order; upon a Latin cross Sable two arms in saltak, the one to dexter uncovered and the one to sinister habited of the Order of St. Francis, both hands displaying the Stigmata, all Proper. Wikimedia Commons. Coat of arms of Sean Patrick O'Malley.svg. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Sean_Patrick_O%27Malley.svg. Accessed: October 31, 2015. Right image: Arms of Right image: Arms of Sir James Monteith Grant, Lord Lyon King of Arms (1969-1981). Blazoned: Parted per pale; dexter, Argent, a lion sejant full faced Gules, holding in his dexter paw a Thistle slipped Vert, flowered proper, and in the sinister a shield (or inescutcheon) of the Second, on a chief Azure a St. Andrew's Cross of the First (the Lord Lyon King of Arms); sinister, Argent, a quill pen Or, feathered Gules between two manches Sable, on a chief of the Third three antique crowns of the Second (his personal arms). The whole ensigned with a King of Arms crown gold, the cap Gules tasselled Or. Crest: A dexter hand issuant proper, grasping a chevron couped Gules. Motto: ADSUM Supporters: On a compartment two black faced rams proper. http://heraldry.ca/arms/g/grant.jpg. Accessed: October 31, 2015. Heraldry: Where Art and Family History Meet 7 Part II: Marshalling and Cadency © Richard A. McFarlane (2015) examples, the dexter half shows the arms of the office, the sinister half the arms of the individual.
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