Chapter 10 Multiple Choice 1. the Majority of People Living in the United States Are White

Chapter 10

Multiple Choice

1. The majority of people living in the United States are white. Approximately what percentage of the population falls into this classification?

A. 33 B. 50 C. 66 D. 90

Ans: C Page: 270

2. Which of the following racial groups is considered a minority group in the United States?

A. Black Americans B. Asians C. Pacific Islanders D. American Indians E. all of the above are considered minority groups

Ans: E Page: 271

3. A landmark _____ report, The Secretary’s Task Force Report on Black and Minority Health, first documented the health status disparities of minority groups in the United States.

A. 1965 B. 1975 C. 1985 D. 1995

Ans: C Page: 272

4. The Initiative to Eliminate Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health or the Race and Health Initiative was launched in ______.

A. 1968. B. 1978. C. 1988. D. 1998.

Ans: D Page: 274

5. According to the Office of Management and Budget Directive 15 titled "Race and Ethnic Standards for Federal Statistics and Administrative Reporting," which of the following does not fall under a racial category?

A. American Indian or Alaskan Native B. Asian or Pacific Islander C. black D. white E. Hispanic origin

Ans: E Page: 274

6. According to the 1997 classification system for race and ethnicity, there are currently ____ categories of race in the United States.

A. 4 B. 5 C. 6 D. 7

Ans: B Page: 274

7. On most measures of socioeconomic status, Americans of Hispanic origin rank:

A. higher than the general United States population. B. lower than the general United States population. C. about the same as the general United States population. D. higher than any other minority group. E. lower than any other minority group.

Ans: B Page: 278-279

8. Since 1990, the fastest growing ethic minority group(s) in the United States is (are):

A. Native Americans. B. Asians C. Black Americans. D. Americans of Hispanic origin. E. just A and C

Ans: D Page: 278

9. On most measures of socioeconomic status, black Americans rank:

A. higher than the general United States population. B. lower than the general United States population. C. about the same as the general United States population. D. higher than any other minority group. E. lower than any other minority group.

Ans: B Page: 278-279

10. Which minority group has shown a great appreciation, respect, and reverence for the land?

A. Native Americans B. Asians C. Black Americans D. Americans of Hispanic origin E. Pacific Islanders

Ans: A Page: 282

11. Which minority group has a concept of balance related to health and imbalance is related to disease?

A. Native Americans B. Asians C. Black Americans D. Americans of Hispanic origin E. Pacific Islanders

Ans: B Page: 281

12. Which minority group has suffered most from a past history of slavery and followed this with a period of segregation and discrimination?

A. Native Americans B. Asian C. Black Americans D. Americans of Hispanic origin E. Pacific Islanders

Ans: C Page: 280

13. The Indian Health Service was created in:

A. 1876. B. 1901. C. 1925. D. 1954. E. 1979.

Ans: D Page 283

14. Those individuals who migrate to another country for the purpose of seeking permanent residence and hopefully a better life are referred to as:

A. refugees. B. immigrants. C. aliens. D. illegal aliens. E. all of the above are correct

Ans: B Page: 284

15. Those individuals who flee one area, usually their home country, to seek shelter or protection from danger are referred to as:

A. refugees. B. immigrants. C. aliens. D. illegal aliens. E. all of the above are correct

Ans: A Page: 284 16. The difficulties facing refugees in the United States include:

A. finding employment. B. obtaining access to education. C. obtaining appropriate health services. D. all of the above are difficulties facing refugees

Ans: D Page: 285

17. Which minority group has the highest infant mortality rate?

A. Native Americans B. Asian/Pacific Islanders C. Black Americans D. Americans of Hispanic origin

Ans: C Page: 287

18. Which minority group has the highest percentage of infants born of low birth weight?

A. Native Americans B. Asian/Pacific Islanders C. Black Americans D. Americans of Hispanic origin

Ans: C Page: 287

19. The highest cancer incidence rates are among what group?

A. Native Americans B. Asian/Pacific Islanders C. Black Americans D. Americans of Hispanic origin E. White Americans

Ans: C Page: 288

20. The prevalence of hypertension is highest among what group?

Ans: C Page: 290-292

21. The prevalence of diabetes is highest among what group?

Ans: A Page: 292-293

22. The prevalence of HIV/AIDS is highest among what group?

Ans: C Page: 294

23. In the United States, what two minority groups account for increasing proportions of persons reported with AIDS each year?

A. Americans of Hispanic origin and white Americans B. White Americans and Native Americans C. Americans of Hispanic origin and Native Americans D. Black Americans and Americans of Hispanic origin E. Black Americans and white Americans

Ans: D Page: 294 24. The disproportionate numbers of HIV and AIDS cases in black Americans and Americans of Hispanic origin has been attributed to:

A. unsafe or risky health behaviors. B. existing co-conditions. C. lack of access to health care. D. all of the above are correct. E. just A and C

Ans: D Page: 295

25. Which is the most influential single contributor to premature morbidity and mortality?

A. place of residence B. socioeconomic status C. gender D. racial/ethnic group E. none of the above are correct

Ans: B Page: 298

26. Significant strides in the improvement of health in minority groups can be achieved if community health professionals:

A. become more culturally competent B. are able to empower local communities C. both A and B D. neither A or B

Ans: C Page: 305

27. An increase in ______power brings with it access to "bases" of production such as information, knowledge and skills, participation in organization, and financial resources.

A. social B. political C. psychological D. physiological E. all of the above are correct

Ans: A Page: 307 28. For a group to gain political power, which of the "powers" must first be obtained?

A. social B. political C. psychological D. physiological E. none of the above are correct

Ans: A Page: 307

29. ______power is more than just being able to vote; it is also the power of voice and of collective action.

A. Social B. Political C. Psychological D. Physiological E. none of the above are correct

Ans: B Page: 307

30. ______is best described as an individual sense of potency demonstrated in self- confident behavior.

A. Social B. Political C. Psychological D. Physiological E. none of the above are correct

Ans: C Page: 307

31. To gain ______power, it is imperative that the group be literate and have the appropriate education.

A. social B. political C. psychological D. physiological E. none of the above are correct Ans: A Page: 307-308

True/False

32. True or false? By 2050, the number of persons considered as members of a minority group will have declined.

Ans: F Page: 271

33. True or false? In its statistical reporting, the United States only recognizes two ethnic categories.

Ans: T Page: 274

34. True or false? Today, many black Americans find it difficult to gain access to health care because of poverty and discrimination.

Ans: T Page: 280

35. True or false? Many cultural traits of black Americans can be traced back to the period when slavery was practiced in the United States.

Ans: T Page: 280

36. True or false? Hispanic origin is an ethnicity classification, not a race.

Ans: T Page: 277

37. True or false? Central to Native American culture is that the people strive for a close integration within the family, clan, and tribe and live in harmony with their environment.

Ans: T Page: 282

38. True or false? Tribal sovereignty is perhaps the most important Indian issue.

Ans: T Page: 282

39. True or false? Aliens are people born in and owing allegiance to a country other than the one in which they live.

Ans: T Page: 284

40. True or false? Few refugees currently entering the United States arrive from developing countries.

Ans: F Page: 284

41. True or false? Black American infants die at a rate of about twice that of their white counterparts.

Ans: T Page: 286

42. Black Americans are more likely to have their cancers detected in a localized stage.

Ans: F Page: 288-289

43. True or false? Compared to white non-Hispanics, diabetes death rates are higher among black Americans and American Indians.

Ans: T Page: 292-293

44. True or false? In the last decade, child immunization rates among minorities have been increasing. Ans: T Page: 295

45. True or false? Socioeconomic status has been considered the most single contributor to premature morbidity and mortality by many public health researchers.

Ans: T Page: 298

46. True or false? Cultural differences can present some minor obstacles to implementing effective community health programs and services.

Ans: F Page: 305

47. True or false? Political power includes being able to vote, the power of voice, and collective action.

Ans: T Page: 307

Short Answer

48. Why is there such a disparity between the health status of black Americans compared to white Americans?

Ans: (1) access to health care, (2) poverty, (3) less education, and (4) employment status, and (5) discrimination still lingers. Page: 280

49. Briefly describe how the Indian Health Service fulfills its goal "to raise the health status of American Indians and Alaskan Natives to the highest possible level."

Ans: (1) assists Indian tribes in developing their health programs, (2) facilitates and assists Indian tribes in coordinating health resources, (3) provides comprehensive health care services, and (4) serves as the principal federal advocate for Indians in the health field. Page: 283-284 50. Identify some of the problems that have surfaced since the arrival of refugees in the United States for both public and private health and social services.

Ans: (1) lack of jobs to fit the skills of the refugees; (2) new competition for work and housing among lower socioeconomic groups; (3) further burden on the human, health, and mental health services provided mostly by minority communities; (4) cultural barriers to using the U.S. health care system; and (5) strain on the budgets of public education. Page: 284-285

51. Identify the two primary reasons why the infant mortality rate is so high in black Americans.

Ans: (1) giving birth to low-birth-weight babies, and (2) lack of prenatal care. Page: 286

52. What steps could be taken by community health professionals to improve the health of minority groups?

Ans: (1) become more culturally competent and (2) empower local communities. Page: 305-306