<p>Chapter 10</p><p>Multiple Choice</p><p>1. The majority of people living in the United States are white. Approximately what percentage of the population falls into this classification? </p><p>A. 33 B. 50 C. 66 D. 90</p><p>Ans: C Page: 270</p><p>2. Which of the following racial groups is considered a minority group in the United States?</p><p>A. Black Americans B. Asians C. Pacific Islanders D. American Indians E. all of the above are considered minority groups</p><p>Ans: E Page: 271</p><p>3. A landmark _____ report, The Secretary’s Task Force Report on Black and Minority Health, first documented the health status disparities of minority groups in the United States.</p><p>A. 1965 B. 1975 C. 1985 D. 1995</p><p>Ans: C Page: 272</p><p>4. The Initiative to Eliminate Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health or the Race and Health Initiative was launched in ______.</p><p>A. 1968. B. 1978. C. 1988. D. 1998.</p><p>Ans: D Page: 274</p><p>5. According to the Office of Management and Budget Directive 15 titled "Race and Ethnic Standards for Federal Statistics and Administrative Reporting," which of the following does not fall under a racial category? </p><p>A. American Indian or Alaskan Native B. Asian or Pacific Islander C. black D. white E. Hispanic origin </p><p>Ans: E Page: 274</p><p>6. According to the 1997 classification system for race and ethnicity, there are currently ____ categories of race in the United States.</p><p>A. 4 B. 5 C. 6 D. 7</p><p>Ans: B Page: 274</p><p>7. On most measures of socioeconomic status, Americans of Hispanic origin rank:</p><p>A. higher than the general United States population. B. lower than the general United States population. C. about the same as the general United States population. D. higher than any other minority group. E. lower than any other minority group.</p><p>Ans: B Page: 278-279</p><p>8. Since 1990, the fastest growing ethic minority group(s) in the United States is (are): </p><p>A. Native Americans. B. Asians C. Black Americans. D. Americans of Hispanic origin. E. just A and C</p><p>Ans: D Page: 278</p><p>9. On most measures of socioeconomic status, black Americans rank:</p><p>A. higher than the general United States population. B. lower than the general United States population. C. about the same as the general United States population. D. higher than any other minority group. E. lower than any other minority group.</p><p>Ans: B Page: 278-279</p><p>10. Which minority group has shown a great appreciation, respect, and reverence for the land? </p><p>A. Native Americans B. Asians C. Black Americans D. Americans of Hispanic origin E. Pacific Islanders</p><p>Ans: A Page: 282</p><p>11. Which minority group has a concept of balance related to health and imbalance is related to disease? </p><p>A. Native Americans B. Asians C. Black Americans D. Americans of Hispanic origin E. Pacific Islanders</p><p>Ans: B Page: 281</p><p>12. Which minority group has suffered most from a past history of slavery and followed this with a period of segregation and discrimination? </p><p>A. Native Americans B. Asian C. Black Americans D. Americans of Hispanic origin E. Pacific Islanders</p><p>Ans: C Page: 280</p><p>13. The Indian Health Service was created in: </p><p>A. 1876. B. 1901. C. 1925. D. 1954. E. 1979.</p><p>Ans: D Page 283</p><p>14. Those individuals who migrate to another country for the purpose of seeking permanent residence and hopefully a better life are referred to as:</p><p>A. refugees. B. immigrants. C. aliens. D. illegal aliens. E. all of the above are correct</p><p>Ans: B Page: 284</p><p>15. Those individuals who flee one area, usually their home country, to seek shelter or protection from danger are referred to as:</p><p>A. refugees. B. immigrants. C. aliens. D. illegal aliens. E. all of the above are correct</p><p>Ans: A Page: 284 16. The difficulties facing refugees in the United States include:</p><p>A. finding employment. B. obtaining access to education. C. obtaining appropriate health services. D. all of the above are difficulties facing refugees</p><p>Ans: D Page: 285</p><p>17. Which minority group has the highest infant mortality rate? </p><p>A. Native Americans B. Asian/Pacific Islanders C. Black Americans D. Americans of Hispanic origin </p><p>Ans: C Page: 287 </p><p>18. Which minority group has the highest percentage of infants born of low birth weight? </p><p>A. Native Americans B. Asian/Pacific Islanders C. Black Americans D. Americans of Hispanic origin </p><p>Ans: C Page: 287 </p><p>19. The highest cancer incidence rates are among what group? </p><p>A. Native Americans B. Asian/Pacific Islanders C. Black Americans D. Americans of Hispanic origin E. White Americans</p><p>Ans: C Page: 288 </p><p>20. The prevalence of hypertension is highest among what group? </p><p>A. Native Americans B. Asian/Pacific Islanders C. Black Americans D. Americans of Hispanic origin E. White Americans</p><p>Ans: C Page: 290-292 </p><p>21. The prevalence of diabetes is highest among what group? </p><p>A. Native Americans B. Asian/Pacific Islanders C. Black Americans D. Americans of Hispanic origin E. White Americans</p><p>Ans: A Page: 292-293 </p><p>22. The prevalence of HIV/AIDS is highest among what group? </p><p>A. Native Americans B. Asian/Pacific Islanders C. Black Americans D. Americans of Hispanic origin E. White Americans</p><p>Ans: C Page: 294 </p><p>23. In the United States, what two minority groups account for increasing proportions of persons reported with AIDS each year? </p><p>A. Americans of Hispanic origin and white Americans B. White Americans and Native Americans C. Americans of Hispanic origin and Native Americans D. Black Americans and Americans of Hispanic origin E. Black Americans and white Americans</p><p>Ans: D Page: 294 24. The disproportionate numbers of HIV and AIDS cases in black Americans and Americans of Hispanic origin has been attributed to: </p><p>A. unsafe or risky health behaviors. B. existing co-conditions. C. lack of access to health care. D. all of the above are correct. E. just A and C</p><p>Ans: D Page: 295</p><p>25. Which is the most influential single contributor to premature morbidity and mortality? </p><p>A. place of residence B. socioeconomic status C. gender D. racial/ethnic group E. none of the above are correct</p><p>Ans: B Page: 298</p><p>26. Significant strides in the improvement of health in minority groups can be achieved if community health professionals:</p><p>A. become more culturally competent B. are able to empower local communities C. both A and B D. neither A or B</p><p>Ans: C Page: 305</p><p>27. An increase in ______power brings with it access to "bases" of production such as information, knowledge and skills, participation in organization, and financial resources. </p><p>A. social B. political C. psychological D. physiological E. all of the above are correct</p><p>Ans: A Page: 307 28. For a group to gain political power, which of the "powers" must first be obtained? </p><p>A. social B. political C. psychological D. physiological E. none of the above are correct</p><p>Ans: A Page: 307</p><p>29. ______power is more than just being able to vote; it is also the power of voice and of collective action.</p><p>A. Social B. Political C. Psychological D. Physiological E. none of the above are correct</p><p>Ans: B Page: 307</p><p>30. ______is best described as an individual sense of potency demonstrated in self- confident behavior. </p><p>A. Social B. Political C. Psychological D. Physiological E. none of the above are correct</p><p>Ans: C Page: 307</p><p>31. To gain ______power, it is imperative that the group be literate and have the appropriate education. </p><p>A. social B. political C. psychological D. physiological E. none of the above are correct Ans: A Page: 307-308</p><p>True/False</p><p>32. True or false? By 2050, the number of persons considered as members of a minority group will have declined.</p><p>Ans: F Page: 271</p><p>33. True or false? In its statistical reporting, the United States only recognizes two ethnic categories. </p><p>Ans: T Page: 274</p><p>34. True or false? Today, many black Americans find it difficult to gain access to health care because of poverty and discrimination. </p><p>Ans: T Page: 280 </p><p>35. True or false? Many cultural traits of black Americans can be traced back to the period when slavery was practiced in the United States. </p><p>Ans: T Page: 280 </p><p>36. True or false? Hispanic origin is an ethnicity classification, not a race.</p><p>Ans: T Page: 277</p><p>37. True or false? Central to Native American culture is that the people strive for a close integration within the family, clan, and tribe and live in harmony with their environment. </p><p>Ans: T Page: 282 </p><p>38. True or false? Tribal sovereignty is perhaps the most important Indian issue.</p><p>Ans: T Page: 282 </p><p>39. True or false? Aliens are people born in and owing allegiance to a country other than the one in which they live. </p><p>Ans: T Page: 284 </p><p>40. True or false? Few refugees currently entering the United States arrive from developing countries.</p><p>Ans: F Page: 284</p><p>41. True or false? Black American infants die at a rate of about twice that of their white counterparts. </p><p>Ans: T Page: 286</p><p>42. Black Americans are more likely to have their cancers detected in a localized stage.</p><p>Ans: F Page: 288-289 </p><p>43. True or false? Compared to white non-Hispanics, diabetes death rates are higher among black Americans and American Indians.</p><p>Ans: T Page: 292-293</p><p>44. True or false? In the last decade, child immunization rates among minorities have been increasing. Ans: T Page: 295</p><p>45. True or false? Socioeconomic status has been considered the most single contributor to premature morbidity and mortality by many public health researchers. </p><p>Ans: T Page: 298</p><p>46. True or false? Cultural differences can present some minor obstacles to implementing effective community health programs and services.</p><p>Ans: F Page: 305</p><p>47. True or false? Political power includes being able to vote, the power of voice, and collective action. </p><p>Ans: T Page: 307</p><p>Short Answer</p><p>48. Why is there such a disparity between the health status of black Americans compared to white Americans? </p><p>Ans: (1) access to health care, (2) poverty, (3) less education, and (4) employment status, and (5) discrimination still lingers. Page: 280 </p><p>49. Briefly describe how the Indian Health Service fulfills its goal "to raise the health status of American Indians and Alaskan Natives to the highest possible level." </p><p>Ans: (1) assists Indian tribes in developing their health programs, (2) facilitates and assists Indian tribes in coordinating health resources, (3) provides comprehensive health care services, and (4) serves as the principal federal advocate for Indians in the health field. Page: 283-284 50. Identify some of the problems that have surfaced since the arrival of refugees in the United States for both public and private health and social services. </p><p>Ans: (1) lack of jobs to fit the skills of the refugees; (2) new competition for work and housing among lower socioeconomic groups; (3) further burden on the human, health, and mental health services provided mostly by minority communities; (4) cultural barriers to using the U.S. health care system; and (5) strain on the budgets of public education. Page: 284-285</p><p>51. Identify the two primary reasons why the infant mortality rate is so high in black Americans. </p><p>Ans: (1) giving birth to low-birth-weight babies, and (2) lack of prenatal care. Page: 286 </p><p>52. What steps could be taken by community health professionals to improve the health of minority groups? </p><p>Ans: (1) become more culturally competent and (2) empower local communities. Page: 305-306</p>