1800’s Packet for Social Studies

Years of great change in America!

Name ______

Class Period______

Directions: Please complete the following questions using your textbook and your classroom notes to answer the statements.

Due Date ______Due Dates for Homework Packet

Pages 3-7 Due

Pages 8-11 Due

Pages 12-14 Due

Pages 15-17 Due

2 Opinion Questions- Agree or disagree with the following statements…give your opinion

1. If more people have voting rights it makes a democracy stronger.

2. If a state doesn’t like a law the national government makes then the state government has the right to ignore it.

Introduction… The United Stated had survived a second war with Great Britain. Although the nation was at peace, there were still unresolved disputed with other countries. A great sense of pride in the United States (nationalism) and a greater amount of democracy played important roles in shaping American identity as the young nation began to take action.

Chapter 12- page 364 in your textbook Section 1- Why is the time after the War of 1812 called the Era of Good Feelings?

Why did President Monroe feel he needed to create the Monroe Doctrine?

3 Chapter 12, Section 2, Pages 368-373

Why did Henry Clay write the Missouri Compromise?

Why are people moving out to the West?

What two new improvements in transportation contribute to people moving to the west more easily?

1.

2.

Section 3- Why Andrew Jackson’s win is in the 1828 presidential race called a Victory for the Common Man?

What is the spoils system and how did Andrew Jackson use it?

4 Looking at the political cartoon below, Explain why some people thought of Andrew Jackson as a king based on what you have learned about him as a president…

Introduction- In the early 1800’s Americans began to feel a greater sense of national pride, which then led to new styles of art and literature. The country was also beginning to experience great changes in industry and transportation. Factories, railroads, and steamships were built throughout the country, mostly in the Northeast. These things helped the United States to grow and our economy to become wealthier.

Chapter 13- Page 398 in your textbook What was the Industrial Revolution? (Section 1)

5 What is the Transportation Revolution? (Section 3)

Looking at the above chart…

What was the cheapest form of travel per mile? ______

What was the most expensive form of travel per mile? ______

6 Fill in the following table of information about the different inventions from this time…

Name of Invention Inventor/Creator What it was and how it Changed America? Textile Spinning Machine Section 1

Mill Machines Sam ______Section 1

Interchangeable Parts Section 1

Lowell System Section 2

Rhode Island System Section 2

The Steamboat aka the Clermont Section 3

Steam Powered Train aka the Tom Thumb Section 3

Telegraph Section 4

Iron Plow Section 4

7 The Mechanical Reaper Section 4

Sewing Machine Section 4

Look at page 421 in your textbook. Examine the Chart labeled Causes and Effects of the Industrial Revolution. Based on your knowledge of the period and the chart, how do you think the long-term causes listed contributed overall to the Industrial Revolution in the United States?

Introduction Chapter 14- While our industry grows; our society in the North keeps changing. The South emerges with a very distinct culture of its own. The south relied on farming for its way of life and it needed slave labor to accomplish this. The southern society was led by planters and also included poor white farmers, and free Africans. The North’s economy is based upon factories and paid laborers. This difference in economies will be a big cause of conflict leading up to the civil war.

Think about this…Why was the South better for farming??? (answer below…)

8 Chapter 14- Page 424 in the textbook Section 1 What industry used the cotton from the South? ______

What did Eli Whitney Invent? ______

How did this change the United States of America?

Which states in the South rely on Cotton as its main crop?

Which states in the South rely on tobacco as its main crop?

Which area became known as the cotton belt? (Section 1)

Think about it…Would you rather be a slave living the south or a factory worker in the North? Explain your answer below…

9 Introduction to Chapter 15- We have already learned that the North and South have developed two very different economies, one based on factories while the other based on farming. There were a lot of immigrants coming to our country creating a huge population growth in the North. Immigrants mostly moved to the North because that is where they could get paying jobs. As our population boomed, we faced new social problems such as women’s rights, prison reform, education, and slavery. Many people joined together to fight these injustices and bring about changes. These reform movements will be described in the chart below…

Chapter 15- page 452 Reform Movements… Fill in the following chart according to the information found in Chapter 15 about the reform movements during the 1800’s.

Reform Leaders and Groups Reasons for Reform Success and Failures of Movement Involved Movement Movement

Prison Reform Dorthea Dix- leader Section 3

Temperance Evil- Alcohol would Movement make people neglect Section 3 their families and corrupt their morals

Common-School Double state school Movement budget, gave teachers Section 3 better salary, longer school year, and first teacher training school established.

Women’s Catherine Beecher Education Reform and Emma Willard

10 Section 3

Abolition Worked for a Section 4 complete end to slavery in the United States

Underground Success- Helped an Railroad estimated 40,000 slaves Section 4 reach freedom between 1810 and 1850

Women’s Rights Elizabeth Cady Movement Stanton, Lucretia Section 5 Mott, Susan B. Anthony, Lucy Stone

Follow up to the chart… Which cause would you have gotten involved in? Why?

11 Give your opinion on the following statements… 1. Everyone has a duty to try and improve the lives of the less fortunate living in our country.

2. When immigrants come to our country they help our economy to grow and create better jobs.

3. Women are just as able to make decisions for our government as men are.

Look at the graph on page 481- What is the biggest group of immigrants coming to our country during this time period?

What is the second biggest?

12 Introduction to Chapter 16- By the mid- 1800’s there were many different reform movements changing American society. Some Americans saw the West as a place for a fresh start and a way to avoid overcrowding in the East. These settlers’ quest for land brought them into conflict with Mexican citizens and the many different American Indian groups living in the region. This is a time for the United States to gain all of the land over to the Pacific Ocean.

Chapter 16- Page 488 Section 1- When and how did the area of Mexico gain its independence from Spain?

Section 2- Why did some families go to live in Texas?

Why were there problems in Texas, mostly caused by American settlers?

How did Texas gain its independence?

What happened at the Alamo?

13 Section 3- What did it mean when Texas asked the United States to ANNEX it?

Now in section 4- A journey on the Oregon Trail would typically last how long?

What were some of the main problems on the Oregon Trail for pioneers?

Introduction to Chapter 17- By 1840 the United States was roughly twice its original size because of all the land we had gained. Americans had been moving west ever since the country won its independence. Many Americans believed it was their country’s destiny to own all the land between the Atlantic and the Pacific Ocean. This idea was welcomed by many Americans. It was also a source of big problems with other countries who owned the land we wanted.

Do you think that the United States should have gone to war with countries like Mexico and Spain over the land out West? Why or Why not?

14 Chapter 17- Page 516 in your textbook Section 1- What was Manifest Destiny?

What did James K. Polk promise when he was campaigning for president?

Under Polk, what new lands did we as a nation acquire?

1.

2.

What does “Fifty-four, forty or Fight” mean?

Why did war break out in 1845?

15 Section 2- What was the Bear Flag Revolt? Why was it called this?

What two new territories did we add after the Mexican American war ended?

1.

2.

Section 3- Why did the Mormons travel to Salt Lake City?

Section 4- Who were the Forty-niners and why were they nicknamed this?

Why did settlers get Gold Fever in 1849?

What type of immigrants came to California because of the Gold Rush?

16 Fun Fact to read up on….

The $100 drink of water

Would you spend $100 for a glass of water? Some 49ers on the California Trail did.

Because of poor planning, many western-bound 49ers were unprepared for the hot, dry deserts of Nevada. A few sharp businessmen in California knew this and took advantage of the situation. They traveled eastward with barrels of water. Extremely thirsty, many 49ers paid $1, $5, even $100 for a glass of precious water.

But water was not the only expensive item on the Oregon-California Trail. For example, at the start of the journey, flour could be purchased for $4.00 a barrel, but further along the price rose to a sky-high $1.00 per pint. Other staples could also be quite expensive:

 Sugar $1.50 per pint  Coffee $1.00 per pint  Liquor $4.00 per pint

Surprisingly, there were other staples that were amazingly cheap. For example, at Ft. Laramie, bacon could be had for a penny per pound. Those who had excess bacon often considered it worthless and dumped it by the side of the road. One emigrant reported seeing ten tons on one pile.

Why the wide disparity in prices? The basic laws of supply and demand were at work. Most wagon trains took too much bacon and so it had little trading value. Water, on the other hand was in short supply and thus commanded a high price.

What is your opinion of the above facts???? (this means write it down…)

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