Chapter 10: Sex Offenses

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. A particularly difficult type of sexual assault is date rape, sometimes called a. acquaintance rape. c. fraternal rape. b. social rape. d. sexual battery. PTS: 1 REF: p. 335 OBJ: Explain what evidence to seek in date rape cases.

2. The key distinction between human trafficking and smuggling lies in a. the international implications. b. the need for labor. c. the individual’s freedom of choice. d. government collusion. PTS: 1 REF: p. 330 OBJ: Identify the key distinction between human trafficking and human smuggling.

3. Acknowledging the severe and dangerous nature of drug-assisted sexual assaults, the Drug-Induced Rape Prevention and Punishment Act, signed in 1996, allows courts to impose prison sentences up to ______on anyone who distributes an illicit drug to someone intending to commit sexual assault. a. 5 years c. 20 years b. 10 years d. Life PTS: 1 REF: p. 335 OBJ: Explain what evidence to seek in date rape cases.

4. The largest number of people illegally trafficked into the United States are from a. Mexico and Central America. c. east Asia and the Pacific. b. eastern Europe and Russia. d. South America. PTS: 1 REF: pp. 328-329 OBJ: Identify the key distinction between human trafficking and human smuggling.

5. When arriving at the scene of a rape case, officers should look for a. evidence of a struggle. c. semen and bloodstains. b. stained or torn clothing. d. all of these choices. PTS: 1 REF: p. 334 OBJ: Describe what type of evidence is often obtained in sex offense investigations.

6. The element of sexual assault most difficult to prove in court is a. the act of sexual intercourse. b. that the act was committed with a person other than a spouse. c. that the act was committed without the consent of the victim. d. that the act was committed against the victim’s will and by force. PTS: 1 REF: p. 333 OBJ: Identify the elements of sexual assault. 7. In what type of interview do you carefully question the victim about the rapist’s behavior, analyze the behavior to ascertain the motivation underlying the assault and then compile a profile of the individual likely to have committed the crime? a. sexual predator profile c. latent sexuality probe b. victim’s behavioral interview d. behavior-oriented interview PTS: 1 REF: p. 340 OBJ: Define blind reporting and its advantages.

8. A common “date rape” drug is a. aspirin. c. Rohypnol. b. morphine. d. mescaline. PTS: 1 REF: p. 335 OBJ: Explain what evidence to seek in date rape cases.

9. The pleasure of complete domination over another person is what drives the a. masochist. c. sadist. b. exhibitionist. d. voyeur. PTS: 1 REF: p. 331 OBJ: Describe how sex offenses are classified.

10. Statutory rape is a. sexual intercourse under threat of force. b. the rape of a spouse. c. any sex act that violates a state statute, regardless of mutual consent. d. sexual intercourse with a minor. PTS: 1 REF: p. 331 OBJ: Define the elements of rape and how it is classified.

11. In a sexual assault case, it is best that the interviewer of the victim a. always be a male officer. b. always be a female officer. c. be an officer who is the same gender as the victim. d. be a police officer with the proper training and attitude. PTS: 1 REF: pp. 338-339 OBJ: Define blind reporting and its advantages.

12. Rapists are often divided into two categories: ______rapists and ______rapists. a. anger, pleasure c. pain, pleasure b. anger, power d. aggravated, simple PTS: 1 REF: pp. 341-342 OBJ: Define blind reporting and its advantages.

13. The main side effect of Rohypnol is a. nausea. c. drowsiness. b. amnesia. d. aggression. PTS: 1 REF: p. 335 OBJ: Explain what evidence to seek in date rape cases. 14. Sexual penetration refers to an intrusion into a victim’s a. anal opening. c. mouth. b. genital opening. d. any of these choices. PTS: 1 REF: p. 331 OBJ: Describe how sex offenses are classified.

15. Certain offenders are likely to be obsessed with keeping trophies and recordings of their assaults, and therefore any search warrant applications in such cases should include photographs, records, scripts, letters, diaries, audiotapes, videotapes and newspaper reports of the crime. These offenders are called a. serial killers. c. mass murderers. b. sexual sadists. d. lone wolf killers. PTS: 1 REF: p. 341 OBJ: Define blind reporting and its advantages.

16. The success of blind reporting hinges on a. whether trust can be established between the victim and the investigator. b. whether the victim is willing to prosecute. c. the investigator’s willingness to accept a blind report. d. whether the victim is willing to commit immediately to an investigation. PTS: 1 REF: p. 338 OBJ: Define blind reporting and its advantages.

17. What method has been used with sexual offenders in 16 states amid widespread controversy? a. medical castration c. civil commitment b. chemical castration d. the death penalty PTS: 1 REF: p. 344 OBJ: Explain whether recent laws have reduced or increased the penalties for sexual assault and why.

18. The Supreme Court has clarified its limitation on civil commitments, saying that there must be a. proof of physical or chemical castration. b. proof of an offender’s serious difficulty in controlling his behavior. c. a statement under oath that the offender promises not to reoffend. d. concurrent registration for life of any sex offender. PTS: 1 REF: p. 344 OBJ: Explain whether recent laws have reduced or increased the penalties for sexual assault and why.

19. Which law finally required states to release any relevant information about registered sex offenders necessary to maintain and protect public safety, and allows disclosure of information collected under a state registration program for any purpose permitted under the laws of the state? a. Jacob’s Law c. Jon Benet Ramsey Law b. Megan’s Law d. Little Lindbergh Law PTS: 1 REF: pp. 344-345 OBJ: Define which three federal statutes form the basis for sex offender registries.

20. In April 1998, what did the Supreme Court decide in regard to constitutional challenges that claimed that the Sexual Offender Registration and Notification Act’s notification requirements represented an unconstitutional added punishment? a. They agreed and overturned them. b. They rejected the argument and retained the laws. c. They decided to compromise and only register those offenders who voluntarily agreed to be listed as a term of their parole. d. They disagreed and resentenced all sex offenders to a “life” parole. PTS: 1 REF: p. 346 OBJ: Define which three federal statutes form the basis for sex offender registries.

21. What type of reporting allows sexual assault victims to retain their anonymity and confidentiality while sharing critical information with law enforcement, and also permits victims to gather legal information from law enforcement without having to commit immediately to an investigation? a. third-party reporting c. blind reporting b. ex parte reporting d. self-reporting PTS: 1 REF: p. 338 OBJ: Define blind reporting and its advantages.

22. A “date rape” drug that can be found in an odorless, colorless liquid form or as a pill or white powder and that has psychological effects including confusion, depression, anxiety, sleeplessness, drug craving and paranoia is called MDMA or a. marijuana. c. Ecstasy. b. heroin. d. mescaline. PTS: 1 REF: p. 335 OBJ: Explain what evidence to seek in date rape cases.

23. A “date rape” drug that is found in a white powder form and that can cause hallucinations, lost sense of time and identity, distorted perceptions of sight and sound, feeling out of control, impaired motor function, breathing problems, convulsions, vomiting, out-of-body experiences, memory problems, a dream-like feeling, numbness and loss of coordination is a. Ecstasy. c. alpha-omega. b. peyote. d. ketamine. PTS: 1 REF: p. 335 OBJ: Explain what evidence to seek in date rape cases.

24. Which of the following is not a sex offense? a. incest b. bigamy c. child molestation, sodomy and rape d. pornography PTS: 1 REF: p. 330 OBJ: Describe how sex offenses are classified.

25. Incest is sexual intercourse with a(n) a. brother, sister or parent. c. blood relative. b. first cousin. d. animal. PTS: 1 REF: p. 331 OBJ: Describe how sex offenses are classified.

TRUE/FALSE

26. Sexual assaults are among the easiest cases to investigate because victims usually know their attackers. PTS: 1 REF: p. 333 OBJ: Outline the special challenges that exist in investigating sex offenses. 27. Sexual penetration does not occur until semen is produced in the victim’s body.

PTS: 1 REF: p. 331 OBJ: Describe how sex offenses are classified.

28. When investigating the scene of a sexual assault, it is best to set up a command center at the victim’s home to ensure that she feels safe.

PTS: 1 REF: p. 334 OBJ: Outline the special challenges that exist in investigating sex offenses.

29. The only difference between single and serial murderers of prostitutes is the number of victims they have killed.

PTS: 1 REF: p. 327 OBJ: Identify the key distinction between human trafficking and human smuggling.

30. Recent research has shown that most victims of human trafficking were used for commercial sex acts.

31. As a safety feature, newly produced Rohypnol pills turn blue when added to liquids, but older pills, which are still available, have no color.

PTS: 1 REF: p. 335 OBJ: Explain what evidence to seek in date rape cases.

32. Emergency medical personnel can contribute valuable information to the investigation of a sexual assault because they are frequently the earliest responders to the scene of the crime.

PTS: 1 REF: p. 334 OBJ: Describe what type of evidence is often obtained in sex offense investigations.

33. Making obscene phone calls is a crime.

34. Today, all states have enacted laws requiring sex offenders to register within their states to help law enforcement agencies manage offenders released from secure confinement.

PTS: 1 REF: p. 345 OBJ: Define which three federal statutes form the basis for sex offender registries.

35. GPS technology is now being used to protect victims of sexual assault by providing information as to the victim’s whereabouts in the event that the attacker attempts another assault.

PTS: 1 REF: p. 346 OBJ: Define which three federal statutes form the basis for sex offender registries. 36. A victim who consents to a sexual act but who has an emotional disturbance, mental illness or retardation, or who is attacked while on drugs or unconscious, is still considered giving “true consent” which negates a criminal act.

PTS: 1 REF: p. 333 OBJ: Identify the elements of sexual assault.

37. Rohypnol is one of the newest drugs to be used in date rape crimes and its effects are still not fully understood by scientists.

38. In most sex offenses, victims know their attackers.

PTS: 1 REF: p. 326 OBJ: Identify the elements of sexual assault.

39. Police should not accept blind reporting because it limits their investigation of the crime.

PTS: 1 REF: p. 338 OBJ: Define blind reporting and its advantages.

40. Because of right-to-privacy issues, the Supreme Court has rejected legislation by states that adopted policies of flagging driver’s-license and vehicle registration files of registered sex offenders as a means of keeping law enforcement authorities informed of address changes, vehicle information and personal data.

PTS: 1 REF: p. 346 OBJ: Define which three federal statutes form the basis for sex offender registries.

41. The civil commitment of sex offenders has been ruled unconstitutional.

PTS: 1 REF: p. 344 OBJ: Explain whether recent laws have reduced or increased the penalties for sexual assault and why.

42. Pre-assaultive behavior of rapists may include having fantasies about successful sexual relationships and the planning of an attack.

PTS: 1 REF: pp. 342-343 OBJ: Define blind reporting and its advantages.

43. Digital penetration is a form of sexual penetration.

44. Police should allow professional medical personnel to obtain the personal details of a sexual attack.

PTS: 1 REF: pp. 338-339 OBJ: Outline the special challenges that exist in investigating sex offenses. COMPLETION

45. The characteristic of excessive force may identify a rapist as a ______.

PTS: 1 REF: pp. 341-342 OBJ: Describe how sex offenses are classified.

46. Additional evidence in date rape cases may include the presence of ______in the victim’s system.

47. Rapists are classified as ______rapists and ______rapists.

48. The police may use ______to trace obscene phone calls if given a signed affidavit from the victim stating the facts related to the calls.

49. ______exposure is the act of revealing one’s genitals to another person to such an extent as to shock the other’s sense of decency.

50. ______abuse involves fettering, binding or otherwise physically restraining, whipping or torturing for sexual gratification.

51. Rape is often classified as either forcible or ______.

PTS: 1 REF: p. 331 OBJ: Define the elements of rape and how it is classified.

52. ______reporting allows victims to gather information from law enforcement without having to commit to an investigation.

53. Sex ______means the recruitment, harboring, transportation, provision or obtaining of a person for the purpose of a commercial sex act in which a commercial sex act is induced by force, fraud or coercion.

54. The three most common date rape drugs are Rohypnol, GHB and ______.

PTS: 1 REF: p. 335 OBJ: Explain what evidence to seek in date rape cases. SHORT ANSWER

55. Describe the role of medical personnel in the process of investigating a sexual assault.

PTS: 1 REF: pp. 336-338 OBJ: Outline the special challenges that exist in investigating sex offenses.

56. What type of information should officers attempt to gain when interviewing the victim of a date rape?

PTS: 1 REF: pp. 338-340 OBJ: Explain what evidence to seek in date rape cases.

57. What special considerations should be made in dealing with the victim of a sexual assault?

PTS: 1 REF: pp. 333-334 OBJ: Describe what type of evidence is often obtained in sex offense investigations.

58. Discuss the issue of human trafficking and how it differs from smuggling.

PTS: 1 REF: pp. 328-330 OBJ: Identify the key distinction between human trafficking and human smuggling.

59. What important steps should responding officers carry out when they first arrive at the scene of a sexual assault?

PTS: 1 REF: p. 334 OBJ: Outline the special challenges that exist in investigating sex offenses.

60. What are some of the concerns that victims of sexual assault have in facing a jury?

PTS: 1 REF: p. 343 OBJ: Clarify what is generally required to obtain a conviction in sexual assault cases.