CAS - EU Skills LMI Jan 2010

The Energy and Utilities Sector Energy & Utility Skills is the Sector Skills Council for the Energy and Utilities Sector

Contents

UK, England and English Regions 1. The Energy & Utility Sector 2. Electricity 3. Gas 4. Waste Management 5. Water

1. The Energy & Utility Sector

1.1 Sector information – a brief description of what the sector covers at UK level

The energy and utility sector covers the following broad industries of the UK economy:  Electricity Including the generation, transmission, regional distribution and metering aspects of the industry  Gas Including the distribution of gas through the mains and the fitting/maintenance of gas equipment within the customers’ property  Waste Management Including the collection, transport, treatment and final management of waste and recyclables  Water Including the supply of clean water to customers and the collection and treatment of waste water

The number of people employed across the sector and in each industry is shown in the table below: UK England Electricity 77,500 56,000 Gas (Transmission & Distribution) 22,000 18,500 Gas (Utilisation) 123,700 105,800 Waste Management 141,000 110,000 Water 166,500 139,500 Total 530,700 429,800 Source: Energy & Utility Skills’ Labour Market Investigations of Electricity (2004), Water (2004) and Waste Management (2006), Annual Business Inquiry (2004) and Census of Population (2001). NOTE: The totals of some rows and columns may not add up to 100% due to rounding. * Denotes numbers are suppressed to maintain confidentiality.

Examples of occupations at each level which are relevant to the energy and utility sector are: 1. Managers and Senior Officials – e.g. production managers, functional managers, etc. These provide strategic direction and co-ordination to the business and/or are responsible for operate of specific functions. Significant knowledge and experience is needed.

1 2. Professionals – e.g. chemists, biochemists, physicists, civil engineers, mechanical engineers, electrical engineers, chemical engineers, design engineers, Waste Managers etc. These employees are highly skilled (degree or equivalent) in a particular field of expertise and often apply extensive theoretical knowledge. 3. Associate Professionals and Technical – e.g. electrical technicians, engineering technicians, building and civil engineering technicians, draughtspersons, etc. These roles require experience and knowledge of principles and practices necessary to assume operational responsibility and to give technical support to Professionals and Managers and Senior Officials. 4. Administrative and Secretarial – e.g. secretaries, receptionists, credit controllers, book-keepers, stock control clerks, telephonists, etc. A good standard of general education is required, while certain occupations require further additional vocational training or professional occupations to a well-defined standard. 5. Skilled Trades – e.g. welders, pipe fitters, tool makers, production and maintenance fitters, electrical fitters, telecomms engineers, lines repairers and cable jointers, plumbers, vehicle technicians etc. These roles involve performing complex physical duties that normally require a degree of initiative, manual dexterity and other practical skills. The main tasks of these occupations require experience with, and understanding of, the work situation, the materials worked with and the requirements of the structures, machinery and other items produced. Most occupations in this major group have a level of skill commensurate with a substantial period of training, often provided by means of work-based training programme. 6. Personal Service – involves the provision of a service to customers, whether in a public protective or personal care capacity. There are no occupations in this group which are relevant to the energy and utility sector. 7. Sales and Customer Service – e.g. telephone salespersons, call centre operators, customer care occupations, etc. These occupations require the knowledge and experience necessary to sell goods and services, accept payment in respect of sales, and provide information to potential clients and additional services to customers after the point of sale. 8. Process, Plant and Machine Operatives – e.g. energy plant operatives, substation attendant, water and sewage plant operatives, sewerman, turncock, riggers, HGV/ lorry/ tanker drivers, mobile machine drivers, refuse collection vehicle drivers, mobile plant operators etc. These roles require the knowledge and experience necessary to operate and monitor industrial plant and equipment and to drive and assist in the operation of various transport vehicles and other mobile machinery. Most occupations in this group do not specify that a particular standard of education should have been achieved but will usually have an associated period of formal experience related training. Some occupations require licences issued by statutory or professional bodies. 9. Elementary – e.g. labourers, recycling operative, refuse collector, etc. These occupations require the knowledge and experience necessary to perform mostly routine tasks, often involving the use of simple hand-held tools and, in some cases, requiring a degree of physical effort. Most do not require formal educational qualifications but will usually have an associated short period of formal experience- related training.

2 2. Power (industry formerly referred to as Electricity)

2.1 A brief description of what the sub-sector covers at UK level

The power industry covers the activities associated with the production, transmission and distribution of electricity. Essentially, the industry starts at the point of production and ends at (and including) the meter on the customers’ property. The means of production and the fuel used to generate electricity can vary – whether generated by conventional methods (e.g. gas- fired power stations) or by renewable resources (e.g. wind or wave power). Activities which are undertaken prior to production (e.g. raw materials extraction, manufacture of plant and equipment, etc.) or take place past the meter (i.e. inside of the customers’ property) lie outside of the industry’s remit.

 Production of electricity Operation of generation facilities that produce electricity from gas, coal-fired and hydroelectric power stations and various renewable sources.

The operation of nuclear power stations is outside of our remit and is the responsibility of Cogent SSC. However, there will be some overlap between the occupations employed in nuclear power stations and those employed in other areas of electricity generation, particularly in terms of connecting to the national grid.

 Transmission of electricity The operation of high voltage transmission networks that convey electricity from the generation facility to the distribution networks. This is primarily the operation and maintenance of the national grid network.  Distribution and trade of electricity (SIC 40.13) The operation of regional distribution networks that convey electricity from the high voltage transmission network to the consumer. Also included is the retail sale of electricity to the customer, otherwise known as “supply”.

The number of people employed across the sector and in each industry is shown in the table below:

UK England Electricity 77,500 56,000 Generation 18,000 13,500 Distribution and Transmission 28,500 20,500 Supply 21,500 15,500 Corporate Functions 6,500 4,500 Estimated Additional Self-Employed 3,000 2,000 Source: Energy & Utility Skills Labour Market Investigation of the UK Electricity Industry, 2004 NOTE: The totals of some rows and columns may not add up to 100% due to rounding. * Denotes numbers are suppressed to maintain confidentiality.

2.2 Information on careers available and new emerging jobs, transferability of skills career paths and opportunities for progression

There are careers in two specific areas of electricity:  Generation – the operation and maintenance of power station apparatus  Distribution & Transmission – the installation and maintenance of the network that supplies electricity from power stations to homes, industry and businesses.

Jobs available in the Generation Sector include:  Control and Instrumentation Engineer  Operations Technician  Maintenance Technician  Electrical Engineer  Supervisor

3 Jobs in the Transmission and Distribution Sector include:  Overhead Line Worker  Cable Jointer  Electrical Fitter  Electrical Engineer  Supervisor

Jobs in the Supply Sector include:  Meter Operative  Meter Technician  Supervisor

Many of the jobs in the electricity industry are highly skilled and in demand in a wide range of engineering, science and technology based industries. There is an increasing need for skilled people to work in UK engineering and technology businesses, so that the UK can compete successfully in the world economy.

A handout is available outlining pathways, progression etc and can be found by following the link: http://www.euskills.co.uk/download.php?id=498

2.3 Information on pay scales in the sector Starting salaries for young people and graduates entering the electricity industry range from £16,000 to £25,000. Upon completion of training these salaries can increase to between £26,000 and £40,000, depending upon the occupation.

Average basic salaries (excluding overtime and bonuses) for a selection of occupations found in the electricity industry include: Electrical Engineer £42,000 Civil Engineer £38,000 Design Engineer £37,000 Mechanical Engineer £35,000 Overhead Linesworker £33,000 Electrical/Engineering Technician £30,000 Cable Jointer £24,000 Meter Fixer £21,000

Salaries can vary between employers and locations within the UK.

2.4 Information on entry requirements, application processes (e.g. Apprenticeships)

The best way to start a career is to apply directly to an employer and secure employment or work experience with them. This can be supplemented with training such as an S/NVQ or college based qualifications that could lead to a nationally recognised qualification. An apprenticeship in the industry is a great opportunity to achieve a recognised qualification, gain experience and develop transferable skills.

Details of Apprenticeships in the Sector can be found at the following link: http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=204

It is worth noting that National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs) will not be required as part of Apprenticeships from August 2010. For additional information on Apprenticeships please contact Helen White, Apprenticeship Manager on 0845 0777034 or [email protected]

Additional information may be found at the following link: http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=211

4 2.5 Qualifications

Summary of Electricity Qualifications available Title of Qualification Summary of Qualification Link CABWI Level 2 This qualification has been designed for those working http://www.accreditedqual Utilities Control in Utilities Control Centre Operations. To achieve the ifications.org.uk/qualificati Centre Operations award candidates must complete three mandatory on/10015917.seo.aspx units which cover co-ordinate communications for operational activities on utility networks and assets; contribute to the handling of incidents and resources; and contribute to an effective and safe working environment. Candidates must also complete one optional unit from each of the optional groups.

CABWI Level 2 in This qualification is designed for those working in http://www.accreditedqual Utilities Metering Utilities Metering Operations. Candidates are required ifications.org.uk/qualificati Operations to complete two mandatory units which cover: ensure on/Q1053270.seo.aspx your own actions reduce risks to health and safety: and solve problems for customers. Candidates must also complete three optional units from two optional groups, one of which must be taken from Group B1. Group B1 contains units which cover: carry out meter reading activities; remove install and commission meters; and conduct metering surveys. Group B2 contains units which include: rectify minor metering installation defects; and conduct ancillary operations for metering purposes.

CABWI Level 4 in This qualification has been designed for those working http://www.accreditedqual Utilities Network in Utilities Network Planning and Management, ifications.org.uk/qualificati Planning and seeking to minimise the performance of utilities on/1002301X.seo.aspx Management networks. To achieve the award candidates must complete six mandatory units which include develop a strategy for operating, maintaining and developing the utility network and assets; evaluate and determine options for operating, maintaining and developing the utility network and assets; plan and implement operational, maintenance and development activities on the utility network and assets. Candidates must also complete one unit from each of the two optional groups.

City & Guilds Level 2 This qualification has been designed for those working http://www.accreditedqual Electricity System in Engineering System Technology Engineering ifications.org.uk/qualificati Technology Support. To achieve the award candidates must on/10029564.seo.aspx Engineering Support complete six mandatory units which cover contribute to effective working relationships; develop yourself in the work role; implement safe access systems; minimise risks to life, property and the environment; prepare the work area for distribution and transmission engineering activities; and prepare the work area for distribution and transmission engineering activities. Candidates must also complete a minimum of eleven optional units from four optional groups.

5 City & Guilds Level 2 This qualification has been designed for those working http://www.accreditedqual Engineering in Engineering Technology Maintenance Support. To ifications.org.uk/qualificati Technology achieve the award candidates must complete two on/10029576.seo.aspx Maintenance Support mandatory units which cover the contribution to effective working relationships; and the preparation and reinstatement of the work area after engineering activities. Candidates must also complete one unit from the first optional group, and two units from the second optional group.

City & Guilds Level 2 The qualification aims to assess learners against http://www.accreditedqual NVQ in Engineering operating complex systems within the electricity ifications.org.uk/qualificati Technology generation process. The qualification enforces safety on/Q1054408.seo.aspx Operations Support aspects of the job as well as various types of systems to allow for breadth.

City & Guilds Level 3 This qualification has been designed for those working http://www.accreditedqual NVQ in Electrical in Engineering System Technology Engineering. To ifications.org.uk/qualificati System Technical achieve the award candidates must complete four on/10029552.seo.aspx Engineering mandatory units which cover contribute to effective working relationships; develop yourself in the work role; implement safe access systems; and 6inimize risks to life, property and the environment. Candidates must also complete a minimum of eleven optional units from three optional groups. Candidates may complete a maximum of ten units from the third optional group.

City & Guilds Level 3 This qualification has been designed for those working http://www.accreditedqual NVQ IN Engineering in Engineering Technology Maintenance Support. To ifications.org.uk/qualificati Technology achieve the award candidates must complete three on/10029588.seo.aspx Maintenance mandatory units which cover contribute to effective working relationships; develop yourself in the work role; and implement safe access systems for generation maintenance. Candidates must also complete two units from the first optional group, and at least four units from the second optional group.

City & Guilds Level 3 This qualification is designed to provide suitable http://www.accreditedqual in Engineering training and knowledge to enable learners to take up a ifications.org.uk/qualificati Technology position within the Electricity Generation and Supply on/Q1054409.seo.aspx Operations industry.

City & Guilds Level 3 This qualification has been designed for those working http://www.accreditedqual NVQ in Revenue in Revenue Protection. To achieve the award ifications.org.uk/qualificati Protection candidates must complete three mandatory units on/10029527.seo.aspx which cover information on Revenue theft to other parties; respond to revenue loss on an account; and contribute to the effectiveness of investigation teams. Candidates must also complete four optional units from six, including access to and analysis of data to assess revenue lost through illegal use of supplies; collation and presentation of evidence for use in formal proceedings; gathering and storing evidence of revenue theft.

City & Guilds Level 3 This award is aimed at candidates who are following http://www.accreditedqual Certificate in Advanced/Foundation Modern Apprenticeship ifications.org.uk/qualificati Electrical Technology programmes, require evidence towards the on/10031984.seo.aspx Engineering underpinning knowledge of the N/SVQ.

6 Edexcel Level 3 The Award is designed to meet the needs of multi-role http://www.accreditedqual BTEC National engineering technicians and equip them with the skills, ifications.org.uk/qualificati Award in Engineering knowledge and understanding required for success in on/50017615.seo.aspx a range of engineering occupations. These include the design, manufacture, installation and maintenance of engineering equipment and systems and provides progression to BTEC Higher Nationals or to undergraduate degree qualifications in engineering.

Edexcel Level 3 The BTEC National Certificate in Electrical/Electronic http://www.accreditedqual BTEC in National Engineering is designed to equip individuals with the ifications.org.uk/qualificati Certificate in practical skills, knowledge and understanding required on/50016313.seo.aspx Electrical/Electronic for success in a range of electrical and electronic Engineering occupations. These include the design, installation, operation and maintenance of complex electrical/electronic engineering products and systems. The qualification also enables progression to BTEC Higher Nationals or undergraduate degree qualifications and professional occupations in electrical/electronic engineering and related fields.

Edexcel Level 3 The qualification is designed to meet the needs of http://www.accreditedqual BTEC National dual-skilled technicians with the practical skills, ifications.org.uk/qualificati Certificate in knowledge and understanding required for success in on/50017603.seo.aspx Engineering a range of mechanical and engineering occupations. It will allow progression to BTEC Higher Nationals or to undergraduate degree qualifications and professional occupations in engineering.

Edexcel Level 3 The BTEC National Certificate Operations and http://www.accreditedqual BTEC National Maintenance Engineering is designed to equip ifications.org.uk/qualificati Certificate in individuals with the practical skills, knowledge and on/50015564.seo.aspx Operations and understanding required for success in a range of Maintenance operations and maintenance occupations. These Engineering include the installation, operation and maintenance of complex engineering systems and plant currently used throughout the engineering industries. The qualifications also enable progression to BTEC Higher Nationals or undergraduate degree qualifications and professional occupations in plant and process engineering and related fields.

Edexcel Level 3 The BTEC National Diploma in Electrical/Electronic http://www.accreditedqual BTEC National Engineering is designed to equip individuals with the ifications.org.uk/qualificati Diploma in Electrical / practical skills, knowledge and understanding required on/50016325.seo.aspx Electronic for success in range of electrical and electronic Engineering occupations. These include the design, installation, operation and maintenance of complex electrical/electronic engineering products and systems. The qualification also enables progression to BTEC Higher Nationals or undergraduate degree qualifications and professional occupations in electrical/electronic engineering and related fields.

Edexcel Level 3 in This is designed to meet the needs of dual-skilled http://www.accreditedqual BTEC National engineering technicians and equip individuals with the ifications.org.uk/qualificati Diploma in practical skills, knowledge and understanding required on/50017494.seo.aspx Engineering for success in a range of mechanical and electronic / electronic engineering occupations.

7 Energy & Utility Skills are also currently involved in the development of Diplomas. A Diploma is a new English qualification aiming to provide young people (14-19) with the skills and knowledge they need to progress into employment, training or further and higher education. The Diplomas are being introduced in September 2008, and all young people should have access to them from September 2013. For further details please visit the link below: http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=205

2.6 Data on employment and labour market trends and forecasts

Gender The figure below shows the proportion of employees who are female within each occupational group in the electricity industry and compares them to the England average.

Proportion of female employees by occupation (England) 90

c 60 r o f k r o 50 W

f England o

e EU Skills

g 40 a Electricity t n

e Gas (Upstream) c r Waste Management e 30 P Water

0 Managers & Professionals Associate Admin & Skilled Trades Sales & Process, Plant & Elementary Senior Officials Professional & Secretarial Customer Machine Technical Service Operatives Occupational Group Source: Census of Population, 2001. In general terms, there is a strong gender bias within the electricity industry, with high concentrations of female workers in administrative and secretarial, sales and customer service roles. Around 20% of managerial employees are female, compared to around 34% across the UK economy. Females make up 67% of the workforce within the administrative and secretarial occupations but only 12% of professionals and 27% of associate professionals.

Within electricity generation companies, it is estimated that just 10% of the workforce are female.

8 Age The figure below shows the age profile of the workforce currently employed in the electricity industry in England.

Age Profile of Workforce in the Electricity Industry (England) 35

25 e c r o f England k r

o 20 EU Skills W

f Electricity o

e Gas (Upstream) g a

n Gas (Downstream) e c

r Waste Management e

P Water 10

0 16-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 64+ Age Group Source: Census of Population, 2001 and CORGI Register. In general terms, the age profile of the electricity industry is similar to that of the whole UK workforce, although it does employ slightly fewer 16-24 year olds and more 35-54 year olds. This is likely to be a reflection of the industry’s restriction in terms of under 18 year olds working on generation, transmission and distribution systems and its desire to recruit a more experienced and mature individual into, what can be, dangerous roles and situations.

There is evidence which suggests that in some of the higher-level technical and engineering occupations there is an issue related to the high number of workers who are due to retire within the next 10-to-15 years, and for whom replacements may be difficult to find in sufficient numbers.

The future Over the next decade the total number of people employed in the electricity industry is forecast to remain fairly stable. With a number of power stations (fuelled by gas, coal and nuclear) are coming towards the end of their operational lives, new facilitates will be built to replace them. Add to this the need to actually increase the amount of electricity generated to need the future demands of the UK as a whole, the employment prospects within the industry are bright.

As well as extensive investment in power stations, new workers will need to the recruited to replace and upgrade the overhead lines transmission and distribution networks. This is a key element of the future success of the electricity industry, especially as a growing number of renewable energy plants will need to be connected to these networks – many of them in remote locations or off-shore.

Forecasts made by Oxford Economics suggest that around 2,000 new workers per year will be required by the electricity industry between 2008 and 2017 and that 34% of these will be graduates.

The occupations where demand for new recruits will be largest include:

9  Unit Operator/Controller (Level 3) (Generation) Responsibility for the operation of plant, equipment at ‘unit level’. Controls and directs resources to configure and operate plant processes, equipment and instrumentation to sustain and maintain commercial supply.

 Cable Jointers (Level 3) (Distribution) Undertake routine cable jointing activities such as repair, replacement and termination.

 Electrical Fitters (Level 3) (Distribution) Carries out activities such as fault investigation, whilst also controlling and directing resources.

 Overhead Linesperson (Level 3) (Transmission and Distribution) Conducts routine overhead line activities such as condition assessment, fault repair, maintenance, quality assurance, refurbishment and dismantlement.

 Resource Team Leaders (Level 3) (Distribution) Management of day-to-day resources within the infrastructure to enable works to continue in an effective and efficient manner.

 Project Manager/Engineer (Levels 4&5) (Distribution) Delivers complex very high value network/infrastructure projects incorporating the responsibility for internal resource, quality assurance and a variety of external factors relating to resource, finance, 3rd parties, regulatory and/or other considerations.

 Meter Fixers1 (Level 3) (Metering) Install and change whole current single phase and 3 phase meters.

2.7 Skill shortages

The main skill shortages that exist in the electricity industry at the moment are:  Cable Jointers/ Overhead Linespersons  Control and Instrumentation Engineers  Design Engineers  Electrical Engineers  Civil Engineers  Mechanical Engineers  Project Managers/ Engineers

Due to the lack of graduates and other suitably skilled people looking for employment opportunities in the electricity industry and the significant capital investment programmes that are currently underway and being planned, it is highly unlikely that these skills shortages will be resolved any time soon.

The shortage of cable jointers and overhead linespersons is particularly severe at the moment due to (i) the age profile of the existing workforce means that many workers will retire over the next ten years and (ii) a major renewal programme of the electricity transmission and distribution network is underway and will last for several years.

1 Install/ change whole current single phase and 3 phase meters.

10 2.8 Information on opportunities for adults changing career direction

GENERATION: Generation of electricity refers to the operation and maintenance of power station apparatus. Operators work in gas, oil or coal-fired, nuclear or hydro-electric power stations or wind farms. They can work directly with the machinery or remotely from a control room. Their duties include;  diagnosing faults and resolving them  maintaining safety procedures and environmental good practice  handling materials required for the generation system  carrying out routine testing  following contingency plans, eg isolating or shutting down a system.

Maintenance crews carry out repairs on mechanical, electrical or control and instrumentation equipment. They may strip down or rebuild machinery, eg turbines, pumps or transformers, or remove it to a workshop. At other times, they can install new equipment or replace faulty wiring and components. Skills and Interests

To become an electricity generation worker you should;  have a methodical approach to fault finding  be able to understand technical drawings and manuals  have a practical aptitude for mechanical processes  have a mature and responsible attitude  be able to work as part of a team and also act on your own initiative  have good communication skills  be safety conscious and environmentally aware

Training and Qualifications You will be trained on the job with some formal instruction in a training centre. S/NVQs that are available for this area of the industry are:

 S/NVQ Engineering Technology Operations Level 1, 2 and 3  S/NVQ Engineering Technology Maintenance Level 2 and 3

TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION: Electricity distribution workers install and maintain the network that supplies electricity from power stations to homes, industry and businesses. There are three main occupational areas;  overhead lines and pylon work  underground cable work  substation work.

Transmission and Distribution workers conduct repairs in high and low voltage environments. Their duties include;  carrying out preventative maintenance and switching operations  installing and dismantling equipment, eg transmission cables  assembling or removing components  adjusting and configuring electrical systems  inspecting, testing and diagnosing faults.

Skills and Interests To be an electricity transmission or distribution worker you should;  be able to apply yourself practically  be physically fit  be patient, mature and responsible  have a basic knowledge of physics and maths to understand the principles of electricity transmission and distribution  have good communication skills  have the ability to solve problems  have the ability to work on your own without supervision

11  have knowledge of safety regulations.

Training and Qualifications You will be trained on the job with some formal instruction in a training centre. S/NVQs available for this area of the industry are:  S/NVQ Electricity Systems Technology Engineering Level 2 and 3  S/NVQ Electricity Systems Technology Engineering Level 2 and 3

SUPPLY: The electricity supply industry refers to the supply, installation, operation and maintenance of electricity meters. Training is normally done “in house” with an electricity distribution company.

What do I do next? Please contact a customer service advisor at Energy & Utility Skills on 0845 077 9922 for further careers guidance for the electricity industry or visit our website www.euskills.co.uk.

Further Steps: Contact regional electricity companies or large electrical contractors in your area to secure a work placement or employment.

Additional information is available on a handout which can be found at the following link: http://www.euskills.co.uk/download.php?id=498

2.9 Information on points of entry or transfer into a sector from another area sector.

The best way to start a career is to apply directly to an employer and secure employment or work experience with them. This can be supplemented with training such as an S/NVQ or college based qualifications that could lead to a nationally recognised qualification. An apprenticeship in the industry is a great opportunity to achieve a recognised qualification, gain experience and develop transferable skills.

Additional information can be obtained from the handout which can be found at: http://www.euskills.co.uk/download.php?id=501

2.10 Job profiles

Energy & Utility Skills hold details of various jobs in the Sector including the following.

Position Link to information Cable Jointer http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=229 Electrical Fitter http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=230 Overhead Lineworker http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=231

Additional Careers information can be found on the Energy & Utility Skills website by visiting http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=212

12 2.11 Case studies

Person Employer Link to information Terry Cochrane Scottish Power http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=288 Apprentice Electrical Fitter Oliver Shakespere E.On http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=293 Apprentice Overhead Lineworker

Eamonn Maynes Northern Ireland http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=295 Apprentice Cable Electricity Jointer

2.12 FAQs

The majority of enquiries that come in to Energy & Utility Skills are processed by our Business Support function. Each member of the team has a portfolio of information which contains information designed to answer incoming enquiries. The information for the Electricity sector can only be reached via an internal link on our website therefore a hard copy of the details have been included with the paper copy of this submission.

Q) What training is available in the electricity sector? A) The following is a list of recognised trainers used in the sector

Training Provider Contact Details AFAQ-ETA 185 Park Street 020 7922 1630 Bankside www.afaq-eta.com London SE1 9DY Aztec Technical Service Unit 251 Central Park 01275 892002 Petherton Road www.aztec.uk.com Hengrove Bristol BS14 9BZ Briantea Ltd 10 Kingfisher Close 01509 416966 Barrow Upon Soar Loughborough LE12 8AX C & G Services (Europe) Station House 0800 7312989 Bristol Road www.cgserv.com Stonehouse Gloucestershire GL10 3RB Empower Training Services Limited 0115 9832900 Ratcliffe-on-Soar www.empower-training.co.uk Nottingham NG11 0EG

13 Develop Derby Training Centre 01332 253500 Acsot Drive www.develop-solutions.co.uk Derby DE24 8GW

E A Technology Capenhurst technology Park 0151 339 4181 Capenhurst www.eatechnology.com Chester CH1 6ES

Gill Payne Partnership Ltd Po Box 400 01472 752679 High Street www.gillpayne.com Laceby North East Lincolnshire DN37 7XB Electricity Training Providers – Independent

Training Provider Contact Details KeFax Ltd Centrefield 01623 422099 The Broadway www.kefax.co.uk Mansfield NG18 2RL Sterling Power Training Utility Management Centre 0121 5854100 Belfont Trading Estate www.sterling-power.co.uk Mucklow Hill Halesowen West Midlands B62 8DR The Faraday Centre Ltd Middlesborough 01642 467236 Flagship Training Ltd Portsmouth 023 9233 9000

RWE Npower Generation and Renewables 01793 877777 Swindon TQ Training Services Ltd Northamptonshire 01604 684950

Electricity Training Providers – Transmission and Distribution

Training Provider Contact Details

14 CE Electric UK 98 Aketon Road 01977 605825 Castleford www.ce-electricuk.com WF10 5DS Distribution EDF Energy Atlantic house 020 7242 9050 Henson Road www.edfenergy.com Crawley Distribution RH10 1QQ National Grid National Grid House 0845 612 0277 Warwick Technology Park www.nationalgrid.com Gallows Hill Transmission and Distribution Warwick CV34 6DA

Electricity Training Providers – Transmission and Distribution

Training Provider Contact Details Northern Ireland Electricity 17 Dunrod Road 028 90825405 Nutts Corner www.nie.co.uk Crumlin Transmission and Distribution County Antrim Scottish & Southern Energy Westacott Way 0118 953 4730 Littlewick Green www.scottish-southern.co.uk Maidenhead Transmission and Distribution SL6 3QB ScottishPower Learning Dealain House 01236 727721 Napier Road www.scottishpower.com Wardpark North Transmission and Distribution Cumbernauld Glasgow G68 0DF United Utilities United Utilities Training Centre, 01925 234 000 Deans Lane, www.unitedutilities.com Hoscar Distribution Nr. Ormskirk L40 4BL Western Power Distribution Training Centre 01823 286 901 Venture Way www.westernpower.co.uk Priorswood Industrial Estate Distribution Taunton TA2 8DG Central Networks 01332 393605 West Midlands Distribution

Q) Which areas of the Power industry are Energy & Utility Skills responsible for?

15 A)Generation of electricity from coal, gas and an increasing range of renewable energy sources, transmission onto the national grid, and distribution from the transmission substation up to the meter and supply (metering) to the customer.

Q) What Schemes are available in the Sector? A) Energy & Utility Skills support many schemes in the Power sector including:

 Basic Electrical Safety Competence (BESC)  National Grid Electrical Contractor  Plant for Utilities Scheme  SF6 Gas Handling  Utility Excavations  Utility Network Construction Supervisor  SHEA (Electricity)

Full details of these courses can be found at http://www.eusr.co.uk/schemes

2.13 Sources of additional information, web-links etc

To start a career in the industry it is recommended that you contact a local electricity distribution company or a transmission company. Details of these companies can be found on Energy Networks website.

Learn more about the electricity industry by viewing the following websites:  The IET Power Academy is an Engineering Scholarship Fund for students that would like to study Electrical Engineering at Cardiff, Imperial College London, Strathclyde, Manchester, Southampton or Queens University Belfast.  The Association of Electricity Producers (AEP) is the leading trade association for the UK electricity market.  Scenta is a portal for science, engineering and technology (SET) careers information.  RIG Energy are a specialist engineering recruitment agency  Utility Job Search is a job site dedicated to the candidates in the UK utilities industry  Just Utilities is a job site advertising vacancies in the utility industry

Additional information on Apprenticeships can be obtained from http://www.apprenticeships.org.uk/Be-An-Apprentice/Other-Questions.aspx

2.14 Electricity – Regional Information

2.14.1 Electricity – East Midlands

16 In total, some 3,500 people are employed within the electricity industry in the East Midlands region in approximately 50 companies; which makes this region the second smallest in England in terms of the number of people employed in the electricity industry. Industry Employees Business Units Electricity 3,500 50

The age and gender profiles of the electricity workforce in the East Midlands are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in Yorkshire and Humber‘s electricity workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

2.15.2 Electricity – East of England In total, some 5,500 people are employed within the electricity industry in the East of England region in approximately 80 companies; which makes this region the fourth largest in England in terms of the number of people employed in the electricity industry. Industry Employees Business Units Electricity 5,500 80

Many of the electricity industry’s contractors/ supply chain are based in the East of England region, making it strategically important to the industry.

The age and gender profiles of the electricity workforce in the East of England are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

2.15.3 Electricity – London In total, some 4,000 people are employed within the electricity industry in the London region in approximately 100 companies. Industry Employees Business Units Electricity 4,000 100

The age and gender profiles of the electricity workforce in London are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

2.15.4 Electricity – North East In total, some 6,000 people are employed within the electricity industry in the North East region in a very small number of companies. Industry Employees Business Units Electricity 6,000 <50

The age and gender profiles of the electricity workforce in the North East are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

2.15.5 Electricity – North West

17 In total, some 5,000 people are employed within the electricity industry in the North West region in approximately 90 companies; which makes this region the third smallest in England in terms of the number of people employed in the electricity industry. Industry Employees Business Units Electricity 5,000 90

The age and gender profiles of the electricity workforce in the North West are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

2.15.6 Electricity – South East In total, some 7,500 people are employed within the electricity industry in the South East region in approximately 120 companies; which makes this region the second largest in England in terms of the number of people employed in the electricity industry. Industry Employees Business Units Electricity 7,500 120

The age and gender profiles of the electricity workforce in the South East are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

2.15.7 Electricity – South West In total, some 7,000 people are employed within the electricity industry in the South West region in approximately 90 companies. Industry Employees Business Units Electricity 7,000 90

The age and gender profiles of the electricity workforce in the South West are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

2.15.8 Electricity – West Midlands In total, some 11,500 people are employed within the electricity industry in the West Midlands region in approximately 75 companies; which makes this region the largest in England in terms of the number of people employed in the electricity industry. Industry Employees Business Units Electricity 11,500 75

The age and gender profiles of the electricity workforce in the West Midlands are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

2.15.9 Electricity – Yorkshire and the Humber

18 In total, some 6,000 people are employed within the electricity industry in the Yorkshire and Humber region in approximately 70 companies. Industry Employees Business Units Electricity 6,000 70

The age and gender profiles of the electricity workforce in Yorkshire and Humber are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

19 3. Gas

3.1 A brief description of what the sub-sector covers at UK level

The term “beach to burner” aptly summarises the breadth of this industry as it primarily covers the activities associated with the distribution of gas and the fitting/maintenance of gas equipment within the customers’ property. However, it excludes the extraction of natural gas. The gas industry can be split into two sub-sectors: Transmission & Distribution and Utilisation.

Transmission & Distribution This consists of the transportation of gas from the beach terminals through the National Transmission System, into the Local Distribution System, and then up to, and including, the main control valve adjacent to the customers’ property. This sub-sector also covers the storage and re-gasification of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), following its importation. Also covered is the manufacture and distribution of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) and other bottled gases and the operation and maintenance of network infrastructure (e.g. pipe laying, repair, maintenance and storage).

There are other areas of the industry which are of interest, for example the wholesale of solid, liquid and gaseous fuels and related products in terms of the sale and distribution of LPG. Similarly, we have an interest in the wholesale of chemical products.

Utilisation This area consists of all activities which take place on the customers’ side of the main control valve (including the meter). The major element of this sub-sector is gas fitters/installers (i.e. Gas Safe registered gas installers).

The number of people employed across the sector and in each industry is shown in the table below: UK England Gas (Transmission & Distribution) 22,000 18,500 40.21, Manufacture of gas 6,500 6,000 40.22, Distribution and trade of gaseous fuels 12,500 11,500 through mains Estimated Additional Self-Employed 1,000 500 Gas (Utilisation) 123,700 105,800 Gas Safe registered gas operatives 123,700 105,800 Source: Annual Business Inquiry (2004) and Census of Population (2001) NOTE: The totals of some rows and columns may not add up to 100% due to rounding. * Denotes numbers are suppressed to maintain confidentiality.

The following information is available: Skills and Interests To be a gas network operative you should:  have a keen interest in and aptitude for practical tasks  be able to read technical instructions and follow diagrams  be both logical and methodical  be polite, friendly and professional  have drive and determination  be aware of safe working practices  be able to work alone or as part of a team  be committed to self development.

20 Occupations The 4 main occupations in the network area of the industry are:  Operatives – Assistant to a Team Leader (under instruction)  Team Leader Main Layer – Installing and maintaining main gas pipe work.  Team Leader Service Layer – Installing and maintaining pipe work from a main gas pipe to the meter.  Technician – Controls resources and involved with complex technical jobs

3.3 Information on pay scales in the sector

Starting salaries for young people and graduates entering the gas industry range from £16,000 to £25,000. Upon completion of training these salaries can increase to between £26,000 and £40,000, depending upon the occupation.

Average basic salaries (excluding overtime and bonuses) for a selection of occupations found in the gas industry include: Civil Engineer £38,000 Commercial Gas Engineer £30,000 Pipe Fitters £33,000 Emergency Services Engineer £30,000 Mains Layer £30,000 Operatives £24,000

3.4 Information on entry requirements, application processes (e.g. Apprenticeships) Training and Qualifications

To demonstrate knowledge and practical competence the training that you will need to undertake with an employer will lead to completion of S/NVQ Gas Network Operations (City & Guilds scheme number 6029) at either Level one or Level two. New entrants to the industry will normally begin an S/NVQ at Level 1 and can progress onto higher levels as part of their career development.  Gas Network Operations Level 1 - Operative  Gas Network Operations Level 2 (Service laying) - Team Leader  Gas Network Operations Level 2 (Main laying) - Team Leader  Gas Network Operations Level 3 - Technician  Gas Network Engineering Management Level 4. - Front Line Management

Do I have to find an employer for the course? You need to secure employment with a company working in the gas networks industry to gain necessary work experience to complete the S/NVQ.

What do I do next? Please contact a customer service advisor at Energy & Utility Skills on 0845 077 9922 for further careers guidance for the gas networks industry or visit our website www.euskills.co.uk.

Further Steps: Contact gas network companies in your area to secure a work placement or employment. Additional information can be found on careers, getting started in the industry, career pathways and progression on a electronic handout which is available by following the link to http://www.euskills.co.uk/download.php?id=499

An Apprenticeship in the gas industry is a great opportunity to achieve a nationally recognised qualification, gain work experience and develop transferable skills.

21 Details of Apprenticeships in the Sector can be found at the following link: http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=204

It is worth noting that National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs) will not be required as part of Apprenticeships from August 2010. For additional information on Apprenticeships please contact Helen White, Apprenticeship Manager on 0845 077 7034 or [email protected]

Additional information is available on a handout to be found at http://www.euskills.co.uk/download.php?id=499

Energy & Utility Skills are also currently involved in the development of Diplomas. A Diploma is a new English qualification aiming to provide young people (14-19) with the skills and knowledge they need to progress into employment, training or further and higher education. The Diplomas are being introduced in September 2008, and all young people should have access to them from September 2013. For further details please visit the link below: http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=205

3.5 Qualifications

Summary of Gas Qualifications available Title of Summary of Qualification Link Qualification Level 2 Utilities This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqual Control Centre working in Utilities Control Centre Operations. To ifications.org.uk/qualificati Operations achieve the award candidates must complete three on/10015917.seo.aspx mandatory units which cover co-ordinate communications for operational activities on utility networks and assets; contribute to the handling of incidents and resources; and contribute to an effective and safe working environment. Candidates must also complete one optional unit from each of the optional groups.

Level 2 Utilities This qualification is designed for those working in Metering Utilities Metering Operations. Candidates are http://www.accreditedqual Operations required to complete two mandatory units which ifications.org.uk/qualificati cover: ensure your own actions reduce risks to on/Q1053270.seo.aspx health and safety: and solve problems for customers. Candidates must also complete three optional units from two optional groups, one of which must be taken from Group B1. Group B1 contains units which cover: carry out meter reading activities; remove install and commission meters; and conduct metering surveys. Group B2 contains units which include: rectify minor metering installation defects; and conduct ancillary operations for metering purposes.

22 Level 4 Utilities This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqual Network Planning & working in Utilities Network Planning and ifications.org.uk/qualificati Management Management, seeking to minimize the performance on/1002301X.seo.aspx of utilities networks. To achieve the award candidates must complete six mandatory units which include develop a strategy for operating, maintaining and developing the utility network and assets; evaluate and determine options for operating, maintaining and developing the utility network and assets; plan and implement operational, maintenance and development activities on the utility network and assets. Candidates must also complete one unit from each of the two optional groups.

Level 1 Gas This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqual Network Operations working in Gas Network Operations. To achieve ifications.org.uk/qualificati the award candidates must complete eight on/10020421.seo.aspx mandatory units which include assist in locating and avoiding supply apparatus and sub-structures; working under supervision excavate hole and trenches in ground and pavement structures; assist in preparing for re-instatement of excavation and pavement surfaces; working under supervision, contribute to an efficient and effective work environment; and working under supervision, contribute to Health, Safety and Environment in the workplace. Candidates must also complete one optional unit from a choice of two.

Level 2 Domestic This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqual Natural Gas working in Domestic Natural Gas Installation. To ifications.org.uk/qualificati Installation achieve the award candidates must complete five on/10019157.seo.aspx mandatory units which cover install natural gas systems and components; commission and decommission natural gas systems; maintain a safe working environment for all natural gas related work; establish, maintain and develop effective working relationships with others for all natural gas related work; and apply gas safety measures to domestic natural related work activities.

Level 2 Domestic This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqual Natural Gas working in Domestic Natural Gas Installation and ifications.org.uk/qualificati Installation & Maintenance. To achieve the award candidates on/10019169.seo.aspx Maintenance (ACS) must complete six mandatory units which cover install natural gas systems and components; commission and decommission natural gas systems; service and maintain natural gas systems and components; maintain a safe working environment for all natural gas related work; and establish, maintain and develop effective working relationships with others for all natural gas related work. These qualifications have been developed to align with the ACS and upon completion will give eligibility for registration on Gas Safe Register

23 Level 2 Domestic This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqual Natural Gas working in Domestic Natural Gas Maintenance. To ifications.org.uk/qualificati Maintenance achieve the award candidates must complete five on/10019170.seo.aspx mandatory units which cover commission and decommission natural gas systems; service and maintain natural gas systems and components; maintain a safe working environment for all natural gas related work; establish, maintain and develop effective working relationships with others for all natural gas related work; and apply gas safety measures to domestic natural gas related work activities.

Level 2 Gas This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqual Network Operations working in Gas Network Operations – Mainlaying. ifications.org.uk/qualificati – Mainlaying To achieve the award candidates must complete on/10020445.seo.aspx nine mandatory units which include locate and avoid supply apparatus and sub-structures during gas network operations (mainlaying); excavate holes and trenches in ground and pavement structures to access the gas network (mainlaying); re-instate excavation and pavement surfaces after gas network operations (mainlaying); and contribute to an efficient and effective work environment during gas network operations (mainlaying). Candidates must also complete four optional units from three optional groups.

Level 2 Gas This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqual Network Operations working in Gas Network Operations – ifications.org.uk/qualificati Servicelaying Servicelaying. To achieve the award candidates on/10020433.seo.aspx must complete nine mandatory units which include locate and avoid supply apparatus and sub- structures during gas network operations (servicelaying); excavate holes and trenches in ground and pavement structures to access the gas network (servicelaying); re-instate excavation and pavement surfaces after gas network operations (servicelaying); and contribute to an efficient and effective work environment during gas network operations (servicelaying). Candidates must also complete four optional units from three optional groups.

Level 3 Domestic This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqual Natural Gas working in Domestic Natural Gas Installation. To ifications.org.uk/qualificati Installation achieve the award candidates must complete nine on/10019182.seo.aspx mandatory units which include design natural gas systems; plan the work activities for natural gas systems and components; commission and decommission natural gas systems; maintain a safe working environment for all natural gas related work; apply gas safety measures to domestic natural gas related work; install complex natural gas systems and components; specify programmes for working on natural gas systems; and specify programmes for working on natural gas systems.

24 Level 3 Domestic This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqual Natural Gas working in Domestic Natural Gas Installation and ifications.org.uk/qualificati Installation & Maintenance. To achieve the award candidates on/10019194.seo.aspx Maintenance (ACS) must complete ten mandatory units which include design natural gas systems; specify programmes for working on natural gas systems; plan the work activities for natural gas systems and components; install complex natural gas systems and components; commission and decommission natural gas systems; and service and maintain complex natural gas systems and components. These qualifications have been developed to align with the Accredited Certification Scheme-ACS; for gas operatives and upon completion will give eligibility for registration on Gas Safe Register.

Level 3 Domestic This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqual Natural Gas working in Domestic Natural Gas Maintenance. To ifications.org.uk/qualificati Maintenance achieve the award candidates must complete nine on/10019200.seo.aspx mandatory units which include design natural gas systems; specify programmes for working on natural gas systems; plan the work activities for natural gas systems and components; commission and decommission natural gas systems; service and maintain complex natural gas systems and components; maintain a safe working environment for all natural gas related work; and establish, maintain and develop effective working relationships with others for all natural gas related work.

Level 3 Gas This very specific and specialist gas award is http://www.accreditedqual Emergency Service unique to a certain group of gas engineers primarily ifications.org.uk/qualificati Operations (ACS) working for gas utility companies nation wide in on/50015382.seo.aspx areas that cover matters of critical gas health and safety situations.

They have to cover incidents and gas related call outs that require rapid determination of factors that can relate to life and death situations culminating in rapid actions to minimize the risk to life and people in the close vicinity of these real or potential gas leakage situations.

Level 3 Gas This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqual Network Operations working in Gas Network Operations – Craft. To ifications.org.uk/qualificati – Craft achieve the award candidates must complete on/10020457.seo.aspx twelve mandatory units which include locate and avoid supply apparatus and sub-structures in diverse situations; excavate holes and trenches in ground and pavement structures in diverse situations; re-instate excavation and pavement surfaces in diverse situations; contribute to an efficient and effective work environment in diverse situations; and contribute to health, safety and environment in the workplace in diverse situations. Candidates must also complete a total of five optional units from three optional groups.

25 Level 4 Gas This qualification provides an industry standard for http://www.accreditedqual Network Gas Engineering Managers. It is an NVQ based ifications.org.uk/qualificati Engineering directly on NOS, developed on the basis of on/1003349X.seo.aspx Management research by the SSB (EU Skills).

OU Level 4 This qualification has been designed as a high http://www.accreditedqual Engineering level inspection award which recognises the ifications.org.uk/qualificati Surveying, Systems responsibility, integrity and personal authority on/10031133.seo.aspx or Services vested in an Engineer Surveyor. The level 4 award has been equated to the membership requirements of an Incorporated Engineer for the Professional Engineering Institutions. The qualification recognises the common functionality between surveying engineering equipment, systems or services and provides a qualification for engineers involved in one or more of these areas of activity, ensuring the fitness of purpose and their conformity with safety and statutory regulations. The qualification also has wider application to engineers responsible for the management and compliance of engineering equipment, Systems or Services with health, safety and environmental and other legislative or regulatory frameworks.

OU Level 4 No description available contact awarding body for http://www.accreditedqual Pipelines (Oil & details ifications.org.uk/qualificati Gas) Engineering on/10033488.seo.aspx Management

City & Guilds Level This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqual 2 Certificate in working/starting out in the Domestic Natural Gas ifications.org.uk/qualificati Domestic Natural Installation and Maintenance sub sector of the gas on/10047852.seo.aspx Gas Installation and Industry. To achieve the Certificate learners must Maintenance complete units which include: specify programmes for working on natural gas systems; plan the work activities for natural gas systems and components; install natural gas systems and components; commission and decommission natural gas systems; and service and maintain natural gas systems and components.

City & Guilds Level This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqual 3 Certificate in working in the Domestic Natural Gas Installation ifications.org.uk/qualificati Complex Domestic and Maintenance sub sector of the gas Industry. To on/10047864.seo.aspx Natural Gas achieve the Certificate at Level 3 learners must Installation and complete units which include: design of systems: Maintenance specify programmes for working on complex natural gas systems; plan the work activities for complex natural gas systems and components; install complex natural gas systems and components; commission and decommission natural gas systems; and service and maintain natural gas systems and components. This qualification has been developed to align with the Accredited Certification Scheme-ACS; for gas operatives in terms of underpinning knowledge and gas safety requirements.

26 City & Guilds Level This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqual 3 Certificate in Gas working in the Natural Gas Emergency Service ifications.org.uk/qualificati Emergency Service Provsiosn-ESP sub sector of the gas Industry. on/10047876.seo.aspx Operations This qualification has been developed to align with the Accredited Certification Scheme-ACS; for gas operatives in terms of underpinning knowledge and gas safety requirements. Combined with the gas NVQ-ESP this qualification upon successful completion will give learners eligibility for Gas Safe Register standard gas operative national registration (legal requirement). The main advantage of this is that learners do not have to be double assessed against further external gas safety assessments; these are combined in the national GAS NVQs and VRQs.

Gender The figure below shows the proportion of employees who are female within each occupational group in the gas (Transmission & Distribution) industry and compares them to the England average. No data is available on the number of females working in the gas (Utilisation) industry. 90

80 e c r o f k

r 70 o W

f o 60 e g a t n

e 50 c r England e

P EU Skills 40 Electricity Gas (Trans & Dist) 30 Waste Management Water

0 Managers & Professionals Associate Admin & Skilled Trades Sales & Process, Plant & Elementary Senior Officials Professional & Secretarial Customer Machine Technical Service Operatives Occupational Group Source: Census of Population, 2001. In general terms, there is a strong gender bias within the gas (Transmission & Distribution) industry, with high concentrations of female workers in administrative and secretarial, sales and customer service roles. Around 25% of managerial employees are female, compared to around 34% across the UK economy. Females make up 67% of the workforce within the administrative and secretarial occupations but only 17% of professionals and 25% of associate professionals.

Age Profile of Workforce in the Gas Industry (England) 35

e 30 c r o f k r o

a England t

n 20 e EU Skills c r

e Electricity P Gas (Trans & Dist) 15 Gas (Utilisation) Waste Management Water 10

0 16-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 64+ Age Group Source: Census of Population, 2001 and CORGI Register. The gas (Transmission & Distribution) industry has a slightly younger age profile than both the UK and EU Skills sector averages. One reason for this may be the high proportion of admin/ secretarial and sales and customer service occupations that are employed by this industry.

However, there is evidence which suggests that in some of the higher-level technical and engineering occupations there is an issue related to the high number of workers who are due to retire within the next 10-to-15 years, and for whom replacements may be difficult to find in sufficient numbers.

The age profile of the gas (Utilisation) industry is significantly older than average, with almost half of the workforce being aged over 45 years and just one-quarter aged under 34 years old.

The future In 2002 the three companies that distribute gas around England (National Grid, Wales West Utilities and Northern Gas Networks) started a 30-year programme to replace all of the old iron gas mains that are within 30 metres of a property. This is a huge investment programme for the industry which will replace in the region of 3,000km of pipeline each year through to 2032.

Forecasts made by Oxford Economics suggest that around 600 new workers per year will be required by the gas (Utilisation) industry between 2008 and 2017 and that 18% of these will be graduates.

28 The occupations where demand for new recruits will be largest include:  Emergency – First Call Operatives (Level 3) The role includes a response to emergency calls and first line investigation.

 Repair Team Leaders (Level 3) Their main responsibility is to repair damaged mains and services.

 Operations First Line Managers (Level 3) Responsible for the cost-efficient operation of gas supply within the local work team. Health & safety and environmental issues are key factors.

 Maintenance Craftpersons (Level 3) Responsible for the technical aspects of installation and maintenance at craft level.

3.7 Skill shortages

In 2007, the Gas Distribution Network’s worked with us to develop a dynamic workforce planning model enabling the industry to gain a national 15 year view of recruitment and training needs across key technical and engineering skill sets. The outputs of the model were instrumental in securing long term investment in skill development through the regulatory process.

The main skill shortages that exist in the gas (Transmission & Distribution) industry at the moment are for gas engineers, both at Chartered level (NVQ level 4) and maintenance/ installation levels (NVQ level 3).

Due to the lack of graduates and other suitably skilled people looking for employment opportunities in the gas (Transmission & Distribution) industry and the significant capital investment programme that is currently underway, it is highly unlikely that these skills shortages will be resolved any time soon.

These skills shortages are particularly severe at the moment due to (i) the age profile of the existing workforce means that many workers will retire over the next ten years and (ii) the workforce requirements of the 30-year iron gas mains replacement programme which started in 2002.

The industry has now committed to updating the workforce planning model during the financial year 2010/11, and to providing a far more comprehensive view of the sector as a whole by engaging with contractor organisations to assess the impact of planned investment on their workforce requirements. Similar to the exercise undertaken in 2007, this will provide crucial information on the volume of apprentices and new trainees needed on a regional basis, potentially identifying key areas of focus for IAG providers There are currently no skills shortages identified in the gas (Utilisation) industry.

3.8 Information on opportunities for adults changing career direction

The best way to start a career in the gas industry is to apply to an employer in the industry and secure employment or work experience with them. The work experience element is essential for working in the gas industry but this can be supplemented by relevant training such as an S/NVQ or off-the-job college based qualifications; such as a Technical Certificate that may lead to a nationally recognised qualification.

Additional information can be found on careers, getting started in the industry, career pathways and progression on a electronic handout which is available by following the link to http://www.euskills.co.uk/download.php?id=499.

29 3.9 Information on points of entry or transfer into a sector from another area sector.

The best way to start a career in the gas industry is to apply to an employer in the industry and secure employment or work experience with them. The work experience element is essential for working in the gas industry but this can be supplemented by relevant training such as an S/NVQ or off-the-job College based qualifications. For example, a Technical Certificate may lead to a nationally recognised qualification. An Apprenticeship in the gas industry is a great opportunity to achieve a nationally recognised qualification and gain work experience.

3.10 Job profiles

Position Link to information Gas Service Engineer http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=233 Gas Network Engineer http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=234 Network Operative http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/gas-job-profiles/network-operative- transmission-distribution/ Technician http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/gas-job-profiles/technician-transmission- distribution/ Engineering Assistant http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/gas-job-profiles/engineering-assistant- transmission-distribution/ Network Officer http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/gas-job-profiles/network-officer- transmission-distribution/ Network Operations Manager http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/gas-job-profiles/network-operations- manager-transmission-distribution/

3.11 Case studies

Name Employer Position Link to information Ivan Bell – Phoenix Commercial http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=294 Commercial Natural Operations Director Operations Gas Director Chris Black - Scottish Apprentice Gas http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php? Apprentice Gas Service Engineer pageID=408 Gas Service Engineer Paula Smith - Scottish Apprentice http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php? Apprentice Gas pageID=289

3.12 FAQs

The majority of enquiries that come in to Energy & Utility Skills are processed by our Business Support function. Each member of the team has a portfolio of information which contains information designed to answer incoming enquiries. The information for the Gas sector can only be reached via an internal link on our website therefore a hard copy of the detailed information has been included with the paper copy of this submission.

Q) What jobs are available in the Gas Sector? Many of the jobs in the gas industry are highly skilled and are in huge demand in a wide range of engineering, science and technology based industries. There is an increasing need for skilled people to work in UK engineering and technology businesses so that the UK can

30 compete successfully in the world economy. We then provide details of the role of Gas Service Engineer and Gas Network Engineer.

Q) What Apprenticeships are available in the Gas Sector? An Apprenticeship in the gas industry will involve you undertaking one of the following NVQ's with an employer:  Domestic Natural Gas Installation and Maintenance Level 2 or Level 3  Domestic Natural Gas Installation Level 3  Domestic Natural Gas Maintenance Level 3  Domestic Natural Gas Emergency Service Operations Level 3  Gas Network Operations Level 2 or Level 3

It is worth noting that National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs) will not be required as part of Apprenticeships from August 2010. For additional information on Apprenticeships please contact Helen White, Apprenticeship Manager on 0845 077 7034 or [email protected]

You will be given the chance to develop expertise and knowledge through on-the-job assessment as well gaining vital skills such as team work and problem solving. You will learn new skills at both the training centre and on-the-job as well as completing a Technical Certificate in the same subject plus achieving key skills. You need to be employed to be able to undertake an Apprenticeship. Energy & Utility Skills do not recruit Apprentices for the sector however we can give you information on what next steps you can take such as lists of employers offering apprenticeships. Energy & Utility Skills can provide this information by region i.e. England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.

Q) What courses are available in the Gas sector? Energy & Utility Skills run the following schemes for the sector:  SHEA Gas  Multi Layered Pipe  Network Construction Operations (Gas)  Plant for Utilities Schemes  Safe Control of Operations  Safe Control of Operations (NI)  Utility Safety Health & Environmental Awareness (Gas)  Cross Country Pipelines Health & Safety Passport  Utility Excavations  Utility Network Construction Supervisors

Details of the schemes can be found by using the following link http://www.eusr.co.uk/schemes

Learn more about the gas industry by viewing the following websites:

 Institute of Gas Engineers and Managers (IGEM) independent body serving the gas industry.  Ofgem Regulates the electricity and gas markets in Great Britain  CORGI The CORGI team provides technical expertise and support for its members  Scenta is a portal for science, engineering and technology (SET) careers information.  City & Guilds offers learners over 500 qualifications in 28 industry areas  RIG Energy are a specialist engineering recruitment agency  Utility Job Search is a job site dedicated to the candidates in the UK utilities industry  Just Utilities is a job site advertising vacancies in the utility industry

3.14 Gas – Regional Information

31 3.14.1 Gas – East Midlands In total, around 1,000 people are employed in the gas (Transmission & Distribution) industry in the East Midlands region in a very small number of companies.

Just over 12,000 workers are also employed in the gas (Utilisation) industry in 5,700 companies. Industry Employees Business Units Gas (Transmission & 1,000 <50 Distribution) Gas (Utilisation) 12,200 5,700

The age and gender profiles of the gas workforce in the East Midlands are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the East Midlands’ gas workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

3.15.2 Gas – East of England In total, around 2,500 people are employed in the gas (Transmission & Distribution) industry in the East of England region in a very small number of companies.

Almost 10,000 workers are also employed in the gas (Utilisation) industry in 4,300 companies. Industry Employees Business Units Gas (Transmission & 2,500 <50 Distribution) Gas (Utilisation) 9,700 4,300

Many of the gas industry’s contractors/ supply chain are based in the East of England region, making it strategically important to the industry.

The age and gender profiles of the gas workforce in the East of England are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in Yorkshire and Humber‘s gas workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

3.15.3 Gas – London In total, around 1,500 people are employed in the gas (Transmission & Distribution) industry in the London region in a very small number of companies.

Just over 11,000 workers are also employed in the gas (downstream) industry in 5,200 companies. Industry Employees Business Units Gas (Transmission & 1,500 <50 Distribution) Gas (Utilisation) 11,100 5,200

The age and gender profiles of the gas workforce in London are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

32 The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in London‘s gas workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

3.15.4 Gas – North East In total, around 1,000 people are employed in the gas (Transmission & Distribution) industry in the North East region in a very small number of companies.

The age and gender profiles of the gas workforce in the North East are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the North East’s gas workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

3.15.5 Gas – North West In total, around 1,500 people are employed in the gas (Transmission & Distribution) industry in the North West region in a very small number of companies.

The age and gender profiles of the gas workforce in the North West are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the North West’s gas workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

3.15.6 Gas – South East In total, around 3,500 people are employed in the gas (Transmission & Distribution) industry in the South East region in a very small number of companies.

The age and gender profiles of the gas workforce in the South East are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the South East’s gas workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

3.15.7 Gas – South West

33 In total, around 1,500 people are employed in the gas (Transmission & Distribution) industry in the South West region in a very small number of companies.

The age and gender profiles of the gas workforce in the South West are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the South West’s gas workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

3.15.8 Gas – West Midlands In total, around 4,000 people are employed in the gas (Transmission & Distribution) industry in the West Midlands region in a very small number of companies.

Around 11,000 workers are also employed in the gas (Utilisation) industry in 4,400 companies. Industry Employees Business Units Gas (Transmission & 4,000 <50 Distribution) Gas (Utilisation) 11,000 4,400

The age and gender profiles of the gas workforce in the West Midlands are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the West Midlands’ gas workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

3.15.9 Gas – Yorkshire and the Humber In total, around 2,000 people are employed in the gas (Transmission & Distribution) industry in the Yorkshire and Humber region in a very small number of companies.

Around 11,000 workers are also employed in the gas (Utilisation) industry in 4,400 companies. Industry Employees Business Units Gas (Transmission & 2,000 <50 Distribution) Gas (Utilisation) 11,000 4,400

The age and gender profiles of the gas workforce in Yorkshire and Humber are very similar to those seen across England as a whole. The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in Yorkshire and Humber‘s gas workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

34 4. Waste Management

4.1 A brief description of what the sub-sector covers at UK level This industry is primarily concerned with the collection, transport, treatment and final management of waste and recyclables. Once waste is generated from other sectors of the economy, it is collected and passed through a series of processes which result in either valuable or non-valuable outputs which exit the sector in an appropriate manner. Non- valuable outputs, which consist of materials that are unsuitable for recovery and reuse, are either sent to landfill or incinerated to produce energy, heat or power. Valuable outputs (such as paper, glass, plastics, metals, etc.), once they have been dismantled and sorted, then leave the waste management sector and can be remade/recycled into a new product; this process is considered to be outside of the waste management sector because it is essentially a manufacturing operation.

As with the process of remaking/recycling of waste materials into new products, there are other, sometimes indistinct boundary lines between this sector and other areas of the economy, particularly in the production of electricity and gas. Energy-from-waste plants (or Energy Recovery Facilities) are becoming increasingly common as the drive away from landfill continues. This process results in the production of electricity, heat or power and is becoming to be regarded as part of the renewable energy agenda. Technologies used such as Pyrolysis, Incineration etc have been taken into account with the provision of the information here. Also, a common by-product of landfill sites is the production of methane gas which can be tapped and used, primarily on-site. However, as energy-from-waste plants and landfill sites are primarily concerned with the handling of waste rather than the production of electricity, heat, power or gas, they are considered part of the waste management sector.

The number of people employed across the sector and in each industry is shown in the table below: UK England Waste Management 141,000 110,000 Integrated Waste Management Companies 29,000 22,500 Public Waste Collection, Disposal Authorities 60,000 47,000 and LAWDCs SMEs – Collection, Processing and Disposal 45,000 35,000 Support Services - Consultants 1,000 500 - Contractors 3,000 2,500 - Plant/Equipment 2,000 1,500 Others, including Regulators 500 * Source: Energy & Utility Skills Labour Market Investigation of the UK Waste Management Industry, 2006 NOTE: The totals of some rows and columns may not add up to 100% due to rounding. * Denotes numbers are suppressed to maintain confidentiality.

A basic introduction to the Sector can be found by visiting the following link http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=218

35 4.2 Information on careers available and new emerging jobs, transferability of skills career paths and opportunities for progression

Energy & Utility Skills provide information on the following job roles:  Recycling Officer - http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=236  Recycling Operative - http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=237  Refuse Operative - http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=238  Waste Management Officer - www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=239  Transfer Station Labourer - www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=240  Energy from Waste Engineer - http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/waste-management- job-profiles/energy-from-waste-engineer/  Environmental Engineer - http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/waste-management-job- profiles/environmental-engineer/  Landfill Gas Technician - http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/waste-management-job- profiles/landfill-gas-technician/  Energy from Waste Plant Operator - http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/waste- management-job-profiles/energy-from-waste-plant-operator/

The roles on the careers section of the Energy & Utility website are constantly reviewed to ensure the needs of the industry are met and as such are updated on a regular basis to reflect changes in technology and terminology.

The format of the added roles differs from previous entries. This will be discussed with employers in November 2009 as part of ongoing consultation with industry.

Each of the links to these roles contains additional information on starting in the role, training, progression and salary information. Many jobs in the waste management industry are with Local Authorities or private waste management companies so we also provide information on this at the following link - http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=241

4.3 Information on pay scales in the sector

Starting salaries for people entering the waste management industry range from £16,000 to £25,000. Graduates entering a company’s graduate programme can start on as much as £21,000. Upon completion of training these salaries can increase to between £26,000 and £35,000, depending upon the occupation.

Average basic salaries (excluding overtime and bonuses) for a selection of occupations found in the waste management industry include: Recycling/Refuse Disposal Manager £31,000 Environmental Engineer £30,000 Energy from Waste Engineer £30,000 Assistant Waste Manager £29,000 Recycling Officer £28,000 Landfill Gas Technician £20-25,000 Materials Buyer £18,000 Refuse Operatives £18,000 Energy from Waste Plant Operator £15,000

36 4.4 Information on entry requirements, application processes (e.g. Apprenticeships) Additional information on Waste Management, including 14-19 Diplomas, Research Reports, Training Providers and Apprenticeships can be found by following the link to http://www.euskills.co.uk/waste/index.php?pageID=419

The best way to start a career in the industry is to apply to an employer; these include your Local Authority and private waste management companies. An employer may then support you with the relevant training such as S/NVQ. Entry requirements to jobs in the waste management industry range from no formal qualifications, through to Higher National Certificates (HNCs) and Degrees.

Throughout any career in the waste management industry you will be provided with the necessary on and off-the-job training, including refresher training and new skills training, to enable you to carry out your job competently. You can also become a member of the Chartered Institution of Wastes Management (CIWM).

Energy & Utility Skills is currently formalising Apprenticeships at Levels 2 and 3 in Waste Management and Waste Engineering. It is hoped that both will become available towards the end of 2009. The generic homepage for Apprenticeships can be found via the following link: http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=211

4.5 Qualifications

Summary of Waste Qualifications available Title of Summary of Qualification Link Qualification City & Guilds Level No details available – contact awarding body http://www.accreditedqualifi 1 NVQ in Recycling for details cations.org.uk/qualification/ Operations 10060406.seo.aspx

City & Guilds Level The purpose and aim of this qualification is to http://www.accreditedqualifi 1 in Waste provide a nationally recognised qualification at cations.org.uk/qualification/ Management this level for new entrants to the sector; the Q1051037.seo.aspx Operations waste management industry

City & Guilds Level No description available – contact awarding http://www.accreditedqualifi 2 NVQ in Recycling body for details cations.org.uk/qualification/ Operations 10060418.seo.aspx

City & Guilds Level Derived from units developed by the lead http://www.accreditedqualifi 2 NVQ in Waste body for the waste management industry, this cations.org.uk/qualification/ Management qualification comprises six mandatory units in: Q1051038.seo.aspx Operations contributing to the maintenance of organisation's work and a healthy and safe working environment, maintain working relationships, maintain information systems. Candidates must also complete four optional units to complete this award.

City & Guilds Level The aim of the qualification is to provide the http://www.accreditedqualifi 3 NVQ in the candidate with recognition of their cations.org.uk/qualification/ Management of competence in the recycling environment Q1051038.seo.aspx Recycling relating to the individuals job role Operations

37 City & Guilds Level This qualification was designed for those http://www.accreditedqualifi 3 NVQ in Waste working in Waste Management Operations: cations.org.uk/qualification/ Management Civic Amenity. To achieve the award 10022296.seo.aspx Operations: Civic candidates must complete seven mandatory Amenity Site units which cover the reception of civic amenity wastes; control the movement, sorting and storage of civic amenity wastes; monitor procedures to control risks to health and safety; control work activities on a civic amenity site; control the transfer of recovered and waste materials from civic amenity sites; ensure protection of the environment on civic amenity sites; and create effective working relationships.

City & Guilds Level This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqualifi 3 Waste working in Waste Management Operations: cations.org.uk/qualification/ Management Closed Landfill. To achieve the award 10022302.seo.aspx Operations: Closed candidates must complete seven mandatory Landfill units which include site operations on closed landfill sites; control maintenance of other engineering operations; support the efficient use of resources; ensure protection of the environment on closed landfill sites; and create effective working relationships. Candidates must also complete one optional unit

City & Guilds Level This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqualifi 3 NVQ in Waste working in Waste Management Operations: cations.org.uk/qualification/ Management Inert Waste. To achieve the award candidates 10022284.seo.aspx Operations: Inert must complete four mandatory units which Waste cover monitor procedures to control risks to health and safety; control maintenance and other engineering ops.

City & Guilds Level Derived from units developed by the lead http://www.accreditedqualifi 3 in Waste body for the waste management industry, this cations.org.uk/qualification/ Management qualification comprises 7 mandatory units to Q1051039.seo.aspx Supervision be completed in: meet waste management requirements, efficient use of resources, develop and maintain effective working relationships to achieve these objectives, manage information, ensure compliance with health and safety legislation, deal with emergencies. Candidates must also complete two optional units to achieve this award.

City & Guilds Level The aim of the qualification is to provide the http://www.accreditedqualifi 4 Management of candidate with recognition of their cations.org.uk/qualification/ Recycling competence in the Recycling environment 50014584.seo.aspx Operations relating to the individuals job role

City & Guilds Level The aim of the qualification is to provide the http://www.accreditedqualifi 4 NVQ in the candidate with recognition of their cations.org.uk/qualification/ Management of competence in the Recycling environment 5001464X.seo.aspx Recycling relating to the individuals job role Operations: Small Scale Operations

38 City & Guilds Level This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqualifi 4 NVQ in Waste working in Waste Management Operations: cations.org.uk/qualification/ Management Managing Incineration. To achieve the award 10022272.seo.aspx Operations: candidates must complete 11 mandatory units Managing which include control the reception of Incineration hazardous waste; control site operations on a waste incineration facility; control maintenance of other engineering operations; control improvements to waste management operations and create effective working relationships. Candidates must also complete one optional unit. Candidates may complete the additional unit although this is not a requirement for the award.

City & Guilds Level This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqualifi 4 in Waste working in Waste Management Operations: cations.org.uk/qualification/ Management Managing Landfill Hazardous Waste. 10022211.seo.aspx Operations: Candidates must complete 7 mandatory units Managing Landfill which include monitor procedures to control Hazardous Waste risks to health and safety; control maintenance and engineering operations; and ensure protection of the environment on landfill sites. Candidates must also complete five optional units from five optional groups.

City & Guilds Level This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqualifi 4 NVQ in Waste working in Waste Management Operations: cations.org.uk/qualification/ Management Managing Landfill Non-Hazardous Waste. 10022223.seo.aspx Operations: Candidates must complete seven mandatory Managing Landfill units which include monitor procedures to Non-Hazardous control risks to health and safety; control Waste maintenance and other engineering operations; control improvements to waste management operations; and ensure protection of the environment on landfill sites. Candidates must also complete five optional units from five optional groups. Candidates may complete the additional unit although this is not a requirement for the award.

City & Guilds Level This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqualifi 4 NVQ in Waste working in Waste Management Operations: cations.org.uk/qualification/ Management Managing Transfer Hazardous Waste. To 10022259.seo.aspx Operations: achieve the award candidates must complete Managing Transfer eight mandatory units which include control Hazardous Waste the reception of hazardous waste; control the movement, sorting and storage of hazardous wastes; monitor procedures to control risks to health and safety; control maintenance and other engineering operations; and control improvements to waste management operations. Candidates must also complete four optional units from four optional groups. Candidates may complete the additional unit although this not a requirement for the award.

39 City & Guilds Level This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqualifi 4 NVQ in Waste working in Waste Management Operations: cations.org.uk/qualification/ Management Managing Transfer Non-hazardous Waste. To 10022260.seo.aspx Operations: achieve the award candidates must complete Managing Transfer eight mandatory units which include control Non Hazardous the reception of non-hazardous waste; control Waste the movement, sorting and storage of non- hazardous wastes; monitor procedures to control risks to health and safety; control maintenance and other engineering operations; and control improvements to waste management operations. Candidates must also complete four optional units from four optional groups. Candidates may complete the additional unit although this is not a requirement for the award.

City & Guilds Level This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqualifi 4 NVQ in Waste working in Waste Management Operations: cations.org.uk/qualification/ Management Managing Treatment Hazardous Waste. To 10022235.seo.aspx Operations: achieve the award candidates must complete Managing eight mandatory units which include control Treatment the reception of hazardous waste; control the Hazardous Waste movement, sorting and storage of hazardous wastes; monitor procedures to control risks to health and safety; control maintenance and other engineering operations; and control improvements to waste management operations. Candidates must also complete four optional units from four optional groups. Candidates may complete the additional unit although this not a requirement for the award.

City & Guilds Level This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqualifi 4 NVQ in Waste working in Waste Management Operations: cations.org.uk/qualification/ Management Managing Treatment Non-Hazardous Waste. 10022247.seo.aspx Operations: To achieve the award candidates must Managing complete eight mandatory units which include Treatment of Non – control the reception of non-hazardous waste; Hazardous Waste control the movement, sorting and storage of non- hazardous wastes; monitor procedures to control risks to health and safety; control maintenance and other engineering operations; and control improvements to waste management operations. Candidates must also complete four optional units from four optional groups. Candidates may complete the additional unit although this is not a requirement for the award.

WAMITAB Level 1 This qualification is designed for those http://www.accreditedqualifi in Cleaning and providing cleaning and support services cations.org.uk/qualification/ Support Services including street cleansing services. 10023227.seo.aspx Candidates must complete three mandatory units which cover maintain service delivery; ensure your own actions reduce risks to health and safety; and work as a member of a team. Candidates must also complete three optional units from a choice of seven.

40 WAMITAB Level 1 This new qualification will replace the http://www.accreditedqualifi Recycling recycling options that are currently included in cations.org.uk/qualification/ Operations the Waste Management Operations NVQ 10061666.seo.aspx Level 1. This qualification will be more appropriate to recycling operatives and more accurately reflect the scope of their job roles. Additionally this qualification will provide a structured development pathway for recycling operatives which will lead to improved motivation of staff and help to reduce the high levels of turnover in this occupation. This new qualification provides option routes, through a mix of mandatory and option units, to qualify employees in every part of this functional area. It reflects the full range of activities and responsibilities carried out by recycling operatives in the public, private and community sectors and covers the full range of tasks that are carried out in materials recycling and processing.

WAMITAB Level 1 This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqualifi NVQ in Waste working in Waste Management Operations. cations.org.uk/qualification/ Management To achieve the award candidates must 10027774.seo.aspx Operations complete five units which cover contribute to the maintenance of a healthy and safe working environment; comply with emergency procedures; work in a team; contribute to the maintenance of the quality of the organisation's work; and maintain effective working relationships. Candidates must also complete three optional units.

WAMITAB Level 2 The qualification is aimed at Street Cleaning http://www.accreditedqualifi NVQ in Cleaning personnel who are required to use driver or cations.org.uk/qualification/ and Support pedestrian controlled vehicles or other 10023215.seo.aspx Services (Highways equipments for cleansing of highways and and Land) land. The qualifications provides flexibility in choice of Option Units to meet the particular requirements of the employee in accordance with employer needs

41 WAMITAB Level 2 This new qualification will replace the http://www.accreditedqualifi Recycling recycling options that are currently included in cations.org.uk/qualification/ Operations the Waste Management Operations NVQ 10061678.seo.aspx Level 2. This qualification will be more appropriate to recycling operatives and more accurately reflect the scope of their job roles. Additionally this qualification will provide a structured development pathway for recycling operatives which will lead to improved motivation of staff and help to reduce the high levels of turnover in this occupation. This new qualification provides option routes, through a mix of mandatory and option units, to qualify employees in every part of this functional area. It reflects the full range of activities and responsibilities carried out by recycling operatives in the public, private and community sectors and the full range of tasks that are carried out in materials recycling and processing.

WAMITAB Level 2 This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqualifi NVQ in Waste working in Waste Management Operations. cations.org.uk/qualification/ Management To achieve the award candidates must 10027816.seo.aspx Operations complete six mandatory units which cover promote and maintain quality of the organisations’ work; contribute to the maintenance of a healthy and safe working environment; develop and maintain effective working relationships; comply with emergency procedures; work in a team; and maintain information systems to support work. Candidates must also complete four optional units.

WAMITAB Level 3 Recycling materials is at the heart of http://www.accreditedqualifi NVQ in the sustainable development policy and practice cations.org.uk/qualification/ Management of across the UK and Europe. The recycling 5001299X.seo.aspx Recycling industry is in a period of rapid growth and Operations extends from the community sector to very large multi-national organisations with employees in both the public/private sectors. This new qualification covers the functions required to ensure effective management of recycling operations. It is suitable for those moving into first line management posts within this occupational area.

42 WAMITAB Level 3 This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqualifi NVQ in Waste working in Waste Management Operations: cations.org.uk/qualification/ Management Civic Amenity. To achieve the award 10026484.seo.aspx Operations: Civic candidates must complete seven mandatory Amenity Site units which cover control the reception of civic amenity wastes; control the movement, sorting and storage of civic amenity wastes; monitor procedures to control risks to health and safety; control work activities on a civic amenity site; control the transfer of recovered and waste materials from civic amenity sites; ensure protection of the environment on civic amenity sites; and create effective working relationships. Candidates must also complete one optional unit.

WAMITAB Level 3 This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqualifi NVQ in Waste working in Waste Management Operations: cations.org.uk/qualification/ Management Closed Landfill. To achieve the award 10026496.seo.aspx Operations: Closed candidates must complete seven mandatory Landfill units which include control site operations on closed landfill sites; control maintenance of other engineering operations; support the efficient use of resources; ensure protection of the environment on closed landfill sites; and create effective working relationships. Candidates must also complete one optional unit. Candidates may complete the additional unit although this not a requirement for the award.

WAMITAB Level 3 This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqualifi NVQ in Waste working in Waste Management Operations: cations.org.uk/qualification/ Management Inert Waste. To achieve the award candidates 10026502.seo.aspx Operations: Inert must complete four mandatory units covering Waste risks to health and safety, control maintenance, control improvements to waste management operations and create effective working relationships. Candidates must also complete six optional units from six optional groups. Candidates may complete the additional unit although it is not a requirement for the award

WAMITAB Level 3 This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqualifi NVQ in Waste working in Waste Management Supervision. cations.org.uk/qualification/ Management To achieve the award candidates must 10027828.seo.aspx Supervision complete seven mandatory units which include maintain activities to meet waste management requirements; support the efficient use of resources on waste management facilities; develop and maintain effective working relationships on waste management facilities; lead the work of teams and individuals to achieve objectives; manage information for action on waste management facilities; and ensure compliance with health and safety protection of the environment and other legislation. Candidates must also complete two optional units.

43 WAMITAB Level 4 Recycling materials is at the heart of http://www.accreditedqualifi NVQ in the sustainable development policy and practice cations.org.uk/qualification/ Management of across the UK and Europe. The recycling 50012988.seo.aspx Recycling industry is in a period of rapid growth and Operations extends from the community sector to very large multi-national organisations with employees in both the public and private sectors. This new qualification covers functions required for effective management of medium to large recycling facilities.

City & Guilds Level The aim of the qualification is to provide the http://www.accreditedqualifi 4 NVQ in the candidate with recognition of their cations.org.uk/qualification/ Management of competence in the Recycling environment 5001464X.seo.aspx Recycling relating to the individuals job role Operations: Small Scale Operations

WAMITAB Level 4 This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqualifi NVQ in Managing working in Managing Waste Collection cations.org.uk/qualification/ Waste Collections Operations. To achieve the award candidates 10027841.seo.aspx Operations must complete ten mandatory units which include control the collection of wastes; ensure compliance with operating procedures; maintain effective response to waste collection emergencies; control working operations for waste collection and transport; control improvements in waste collection operations; ensure protection of the environment in waste collection; and recommend, monitor and control the use of resources on waste management facilities. Candidates must also complete three optional units.

WAMITAB Level 4 This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqualifi NVQ in Waste working in Waste Management Operations: cations.org.uk/qualification/ Management Managing Incineration. To achieve the award 10026538.seo.aspx Operations: candidates must complete eleven mandatory Managing units including the control of reception of Incineration hazardous waste; control site operations on a waste incineration facility; control maintenance of other engineering operations; control improvements to waste management operations; and create effective working relationships. Candidates must also complete one optional unit. Candidates may complete the additional unit although this is not a requirement for the award

44 WAMITAB Level 4 This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqualifi NVQ in Waste working in Waste Management Operations: cations.org.uk/qualification/ Management Managing Landfill Hazardous Waste. 1002654X.seo.aspx Operations: Candidates must complete seven mandatory Managing Landfill units which include monitor procedures to Hazardous Waste control risks to health and safety; control maintenance and other engineering operations; control improvements to waste management operations; and ensure protection of the environment on landfill sites. Candidates must also complete five optional units from five optional groups. Candidates may also complete the additional unit although this not a requirement for the award.

WAMITAB Level 4 This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqualifi NVQ in Waste working in Waste Management Operations: cations.org.uk/qualification/ Management Managing Landfill Non-Hazardous Waste. 10026551.seo.aspx Operations: Candidates must complete seven mandatory Managing Landfill units which include monitor procedures to Non-Hazardous control risks to health and safety; control Waste maintenance and other engineering operations; control improvements to waste management operations; and ensure protection of the environment on landfill sites. Candidates must also complete five optional units from five optional groups. Candidates may complete the additional unit although this is not a requirement for the award.

WAMITAB Level 4 This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqualifi NVQ in Waste working in Waste Management Operations: cations.org.uk/qualification/ Management Managing Transfer Hazardous Waste. To 10026563.seo.aspx Operations: achieve the award the candidates must Managing Transfer complete eight mandatory units which include Hazardous Waste control the reception of hazardous waste; control the movement, sorting and storage of hazardous wastes; monitor procedures to control risks to health and safety; control maintenance and other engineering operations; and control improvements to waste management operations. Candidates must also complete four optional units from four optional groups. Candidates may complete the additional unit although this is not a requirement for the award

45 WAMITAB Level 4 This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqualifi Waste working in Waste Management Operations: cations.org.uk/qualification/ Management Managing Transfer Non-hazardous Waste. To 10026575.seo.aspx Operations: achieve the award candidates must complete Managing Transfer eight mandatory units which include control of Hazardous the reception of non-hazardous waste; control Waste the movement, sorting and storage of non- hazardous wastes; monitor procedures to control risks to health and safety; control maintenance and other engineering operations; and control improvements to waste management operations. Candidates must also complete four optional units from four optional groups. Candidates may complete the additional unit although this is not a requirement for the award.

WAMITAB Level 4 This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqualifi NVQ in Waste working in Waste Management Operations: cations.org.uk/qualification/ Management Managing Treatment Hazardous Waste. To 10026587.seo.aspx Operations: achieve the award candidates must complete Managing eight mandatory units which include control Treatment the reception of hazardous waste; control the Hazardous Waste movement, sorting and storage of hazardous wastes; monitor procedures to control risks to health and safety; control maintenance and other engineering operations; and control improvements to waste management operations. Candidates must also complete four optional units from four optional groups. Candidates may complete the additional unit although this not a requirement for the award.

City & Guilds Level This qualification has been designed for those http://www.accreditedqualifi 4 NVQ in Waste working in Waste Management Operations: cations.org.uk/qualification/ Management Managing Treatment Non-Hazardous Waste. 10022247.seo.aspx Operations: To achieve the award candidates must Managing complete eight mandatory units which include Treatment Non – control the reception of non-hazardous waste; Hazardous Waste control the movement, sorting and storage of non- hazardous wastes; monitor procedures to control risks to health and safety; control maintenance and other engineering operations; and control improvements to waste management operations. Candidates must also complete four optional units from four optional groups. Candidates may complete the additional unit although this is not a requirement for the award.

WAMITAB Level 3 The qualification aims to support the move http://www.accreditedqualifi Award in the away from heavy reliance on landfill and cations.org.uk/qualification/ Principles and incineration within the UK, towards a culture 5001691X.seo.aspx Practices of of resource management and efficiency Sustainable Waste Management

WAMITAB Level 4 This is aimed at providing professionals within http://www.accreditedqualifi Award in Waste the waste industry with a detailed cations.org.uk/qualification/ Treatment understanding of the practical aspects of 50016921.seo.aspx Technologies advanced treatment processes

46 4.6 Data on employment and labour market trends and forecasts

Gender The figure below shows the proportion of employees who are female within each occupational group in the waste management industry and compares them to the England average.

c 60 r o f k r o 50 W

f England o

e EU Skills

0 Managers & Professionals Associate Admin & Skilled Trades Sales & Process, Plant & Elementary Senior Officials Professional & Secretarial Customer Machine Technical Service Operatives Occupational Group Source: Census of Population, 2001. In general terms, there is a strong gender bias within the waste management industry, with high concentrations of female workers in administrative and secretarial, sales and customer service roles. Around 18% of managerial employees are female, compared to around 34% across the UK economy. Females make up 72% of the workforce within the administrative and secretarial occupations but only 15% of professionals and 31% of associate professionals.

Age The figure below shows the age profile of the workforce currently employed in the electricity industry in England.

47 Age Profile of Workforce in the Waste Management Industry (England) 35

o 20 EU Skills W

f Electricity o

P Water 10

0 16-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 64+ Age Group Source: Census of Population, 2001 and CORGI Register. The waste management industry has a considerably older workforce than the UK average.

There seems to be two main contributory factors behind the under-representation of young people in the industry, firstly, the poor image that the industry has among this age group leads many of them to reject it as an attractive long-term career option, and secondly, from an employer’s perspective it can be a difficult and costly exercise in gaining adequate insurance to cover young people working in what can be a dangerous environment, leading them to seek a more experienced and mature employee.

It should be noted, however, that treating the waste management industry as one homogeneous industry in terms of age profile can be misleading. For example, in some specialist recycling and treatment operations, where the workforce is generally skewed towards associate professional occupations, the average age of the workforce is somewhat younger.

The future Forecasts made by Oxford Economics suggest that around 9,000 new workers per year will be required by the waste management industry between 2008 and 2017 and that 16% of these will be graduates.

The main source of this demand for new workers is the recycling industry. With landfill coming to an end, and significant advances being made in alternative waste disposal methods (e.g. recycling, incineration, energy from waste, etc.), new workers will be needed to design, operate and maintain these facilities. Although many of the new jobs will not require graduate-level skills, there will be strong demand for people with science and environmental skills and knowledge.

48 The occupations where demand for new recruits will be largest include:  Kerb-side Collector (Level 2) Essentially a manual handling role and part of a collection team.

 Sorter, Picker, Refurbisher (Level 2) This is normally a manual occupation and involves the abstraction of selected materials from mixed waste.

 Refuse/ Recycling Collection Drivers (Level 3) Manages safely and effectively the on-site operation of the refuse collection vehicle and crew.

 Environmental Technicians (Level 4) This specialist role involves the sampling, testing and analysis of materials on sites that do or may present a hazard risk.

 Mechanical/ Instrumentation/ Electrical Engineers (Level 3) Responsible for the installation, checking and repair of electrical and electronic systems

4.7 Skill shortages

The main skill shortages that exist in the waste management industry at the moment are for:  Logistics managers  Environmental scientists, technicians and engineers  Electrical fitters and engineers  Mechanical engineers

Due to the lack of graduates and other suitably skilled people looking for employment opportunities in waste management and recycling industry and the significant levels of research and development activity that the industry is undertaking in terms of identifying new methods to dispose of waste materials it is highly unlikely that these skills shortages will be resolved any time soon.

These skills shortages are particularly severe at the moment due to (i) the age profile of the existing workforce means that many workers will retire over the next ten years and (ii) the workforce requirements of the 30-year iron gas mains replacement programme which started in 2002.

The best way to start a career in the industry is to apply to an employer; these include your Local Authority and private waste management companies. An employer may then support you with the relevant training such as S/NVQ. Entry requirements to jobs in the waste management industry range from no formal qualifications, through to Higher National Certificates (HNCs) and Degrees.

This area has been covered in the section above in terms of accessing the sector etc

49 4.10 Job profiles

Energy & Utility Skills hold the details of the following roles in the careers section of the website:

Position Link to information Recycling Officer http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=236 Recycling Operative http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=237 Refuse Operative http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=238 Waste Management Operative http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=239 Transfer Station Labourer http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=240 Energy from Waste Engineer http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/waste-management-job- profiles/energy-from-waste-engineer/ Environmental Engineer http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/waste-management-job- profiles/environmental-engineer/ Landfill Gas Technician http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/waste-management-job- profiles/landfill-gas-technician/ Energy from Waste Plant http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/waste-management-job- Operator profiles/energy-from-waste-plant-operator/

4.11 Case studies

Person Employer Link to information David Beadle Norfolk http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=298 – Managing Environmental Director Waste Services Jason Bratt – Newport Waste http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=290 Recycling savers Operative Andy Firman – AJF Waste http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=296 Managing Management Director Anna Wardell - Bromsgrove http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=287 Waste Policy & District Council Promotions Manager Becca Silver – Cardiff City http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=285 Refuse Council Operative

4.12 FAQs

The majority of enquiries that come in to Energy & Utility Skills are processed by our Business Support function. Each member of the team has a portfolio of information which contains information designed to answer incoming enquiries. Common questions are listed below:

Q) What Apprenticeships are available in the Waste Sector? A) There are no Apprenticeship schemes currently available – however Energy & Utility Skills will be launching the Waste Management Apprenticeship (working title) in September 2010. For further information please contact Helen White, Apprenticeship Manager on 0845 0777034 or [email protected]

Q) Who is Streetsafe Sam? A) A series of interactive Health and Safety CDs have been designed to raise awareness of the potential hazards faced whilst working in the waste management industry. The programme features a character called Streetsafe Sam and is designed to show the dangers encountered

50 within the sector. The CD's are being produced in partnership with ESA, other stakeholders, and a Working Group of representatives from waste management companies. Further details on this excellent initiative can be found at http://www.euskills.co.uk/waste/index.php? pageID=91

Q) What Schemes are available in the Waste industry? Energy & Utility Skills runs the following scheme:  SHEA (Waste Management)

4.13 Sources of additional information, web-links etc Further information on Apprenticeships can be obtained from http://www.apprenticeships.org.uk/Be-An-Apprentice/Other-Questions.aspx and http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=211

A comprehensive list of careers links can be found at http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=214

This list contains other external sources such as Connexions etc and covers all nations (England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland). Other companies include:

 Chartered Institute of Waste Management (CIWM)  Chartered Institute of Water and Environmental Management (CIWEM)  Environmental Services Association (ESA)  Local Authority Recycling Advisory Committee (LARAC)  Wastewatch  Waste Recycling Group (WRG)  Environment Agency  Waste Management Industry Training & Advisory Board (WAMITAB)  Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA)

4.14 Waste Management – Regional Information

4.14.1 Waste Management – East Midlands In total, some 13,500 people are employed within the waste management industry in the East Midlands region in approximately 560 companies. Industry Employees Business Units Waste Management 13,500 560

The age and gender profiles of the waste management workforce in the East Midlands are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the East Midlands’ waste management workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

2.15.2 Waste Management – East of England In total, some 7,000 people are employed within the waste management industry in the East of England region in approximately 590 companies. Industry Employees Business Units Waste Management 7,000 590

The age and gender profiles of the waste management workforce in the East of England are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the East of England’s waste management workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

2.15.3 Waste Management – London

51 In total, some 15,500 people are employed within the waste management industry in the London region in approximately 460 companies. Industry Employees Business Units Waste Management 15,500 460

The age and gender profiles of the waste management workforce in London are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in London‘s waste management workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

2.15.4 Waste Management – North East In total, some 7,000 people are employed within the waste management industry in the North East region in a very small number of companies. Industry Employees Business Units Waste Management 7,000 210

The age and gender profiles of the waste management workforce in the North East are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the North East’s waste management workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

2.15.5 Waste Management – North West In total, some 17,500 people are employed within the waste management industry in the North West region in approximately 750 companies. Industry Employees Business Units Waste Management 17,500 750

The age and gender profiles of the waste management workforce in the North West are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the North West‘s waste management workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

2.15.6 Waste Management – South East In total, some 17,500 people are employed within the waste management industry in the South East region in approximately 650 companies. Industry Employees Business Units Waste Management 17,500 650

The age and gender profiles of the waste management workforce in the South East are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the South East‘s waste management workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

2.15.7 Waste Management – South West In total, some 10,000 people are employed within the waste management industry in the South West region in approximately 490 companies. Industry Employees Business Units Waste Management 10,000 490

52 The age and gender profiles of the waste management workforce in the South West are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the South West‘s waste management workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

2.15.8 Waste Management – West Midlands In total, some 12,000 people are employed within the waste management industry in the West Midlands region in approximately 620 companies. Industry Employees Business Units Waste Management 12,000 620

The age and gender profiles of the waste management workforce in the West Midlands are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the West Midlands’ waste management workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

2.15.9 Waste Management – Yorkshire and the Humber In total, some 10,000 people are employed within the waste management industry in the Yorkshire and Humber region in approximately 620 companies. Industry Employees Business Units Waste Management 10,000 620

The age and gender profiles of the waste management workforce in Yorkshire and Humber are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in Yorkshire and Humber‘s waste management workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

53 5. Water

5.1 A brief description of what the sub-sector covers at UK level The water industry is made up of the regulated water utility companies, non-regulated subsidiary water utility companies (e.g. involved in construction, engineering, consultancy, laboratory services, etc.) and the supply chain (e.g. contractors, manufacturers, suppliers, etc.). Together they are responsible for the supply of clean water to customers up to and including the internal stop valve on the customers’ property and the collection and treatment of waste water (collected through both public sewers and private drains).

Other relevant aspects of the industry include steam and hot water supply and construction of water projects (e.g. marinas, dams, etc.).

The number of people employed across the sector and in each industry is shown in the table below: UK England Water 166,500 139,500 Water Companies and Utilities (Regulated) 37,000 28,500 Support Services - Consultants 15,000 12,500 - Contractors 30,000 23,500 - Plant/Equipment 30,000 25,500 Regulators 6,000 4,000 Others 14,000 12,500 Water Utilities Owned 28,000 27,500 (non-Regulated) Estimated Additional Self-Employed 6,500 5,500 Source: Energy & Utility Skills Labour Market Investigation of the UK Water Industry, 2004 NOTE: The totals of some rows and columns may not add up to 100% due to rounding. * Denotes numbers are suppressed to maintain confidentiality.

Overall, roles in the sector tend to fall into 4 categories:  Plant Operative  Technician/Supervisor  Higher Technician and Management  Specialist Professional

As the individual becomes more qualified and experienced there will be plenty of opportunities to develop their career. Many of the jobs in the water industry are highly skilled and are in huge demand in a wide range of engineering, science and technology based industries. There is an increasing need for skilled people to work in UK engineering and technology businesses in order for the UK to compete successfully in the world economy.

The training and jobs are covered on a leaflet which can found at: http://www.euskills.co.uk/download.php?id=501

Details of sector progression can be obtained at the following links: http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=344 http://www.euskills.co.uk/download.php?id=501

54 5.3 Information on pay scales in the sector

Starting salaries for young people and graduates entering the water industry range from £16,000 to £25,000. Upon completion of training these salaries can increase to between £26,000 and £40,000, depending upon the occupation.

Average basic salaries (excluding overtime and bonuses) for a selection of occupations found in the water industry include: Civil Engineer £38,000 Mechanical Engineer £35,000

5.4 Information on entry requirements, application processes (e.g. Apprenticeships)

Entry requirements to jobs in the water industry range from no formal qualifications through to Higher National Certificates (HNCs) and Degrees. Some companies offer Apprenticeships, which are a great opportunity to achieve a nationally recognised qualification, gain work experience and develop transferable skills. Training is usually provided on the job, under the supervision of experienced staff. Some companies offer Apprenticeships, which are a great opportunity to achieve a nationally recognised qualification, gain work experience and develop transferable skills.

Details of entry requirements and starting a career in the Sector can be found at the following links: http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=341 http://www.euskills.co.uk/download.php?id=501

A list of companies providing Apprenticeships in the Sector can be found at the following link: http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=211

5.5 Qualifications

Title of Qualification Summary of Qualification Link CABWI Level 1 This NVQ is designed to provide a route to http://www.accredited Network Construction qualification for individuals working as assistant qualifications.org.uk/q Operations (Water) operatives on the water distribution network, ualification/50015758. undertaking activities related to mainlaying and seo.aspx servicelaying. They assist with construction operations on the water network, which involves contributing to the location and avoidance of utilities apparatus and sub-structures, assisting with excavations and network construction operations, including the assembly of components, jointing of pipes and operation of powered equipment. Throughout these activities, candidates are expected to ensure that they follow safe working practices and contribute to health, safety and environment in the workplace, including hygiene.

55 CABWI Level 2 NVQ in This qualification has been designed for those working http://www.accredited Distribution Control in Distribution Control. To achieve the award qualifications.org.uk/q candidates must complete four mandatory units which ualification/10024864. cover operate safely on the distribution network; seo.aspx address and resolve customers' utility-related enquiries; carry out valve operations on the distribution network; and determine the exact location of water loss (acoustic listening techniques). Candidates must also complete three optional units from a choice of five.

CABWI Level 2 in The Level 2 NVQ in Leakage Detection is designed to http://www.accredited Leakage Detection allow candidates working in water leakage detection to qualifications.org.uk/q demonstrate their operational competence in the ualification/50036142. workplace. This covers a specific job role, whose seo.aspx focus is to identify the location of leaks on the water supply network, so that water companies and their contractors can work to minimise the amount of water lost from the supply. For a full NVQ, the candidate must achieve four mandatory units, which cover reducing risks to health and safety, assessing the configuration of a metered area of the water network, tracing the route of water pipes and locating surface fittings, and determining the location of water loss.

CABWI Level 2 NVQ in The NVQ is designed for candidates working as http://www.accredited Network Construction operatives on the water network, who undertake qualifications.org.uk/q Operations: Mainlaying mainlaying activities. This involves location and ualification/5001593X (Water) avoidance of underground apparatus, signing and .seo.aspx guarding the work site, excavation, polyethylene pipe jointing on water mains, installation of products and assets, and replacement of components on water mains. Candidates must be able to operate powered tools and equipment, and must follow safe working practices throughout their activities, while contributing to health, safety, environment and hygiene in the workplace. Candidates may also select from a variety of optional units, covering both technical and soft skills, as appropriate to their job role, to complement the mandatory requirements of the award.

CABWI Level 2 NVQ in The NVQ is designed for candidates working as http://www.accredited Network Construction operatives on the water network, who undertake qualifications.org.uk/q Operations: servicelaying activities. This involves location and ualification/50015928. Servicelaying (Water) avoidance of underground apparatus, signing and seo.aspx guarding the work site, excavation, installation of products and assets, and replacement of components on water services. Candidates must be able to operate powered tools and equipment, and must follow safe working practices throughout their activities, while contributing to health, safety, environment and hygiene in the workplace. Candidates may also select from a variety of optional units, covering both technical and soft skills, as appropriate to their job role, to complement the mandatory requirements of the Level 2 NVQ in Network Construction Operations (Water) (Servicelaying).

56 CABWI Level 2 NVQ in This NVQ is designed to allow candidates working in http://www.accredited Operating Process sludge treatment operations to demonstrate their qualifications.org.uk/q Plant: Sludge operational competence in the workplace. The award ualification/50029034. has two core mandatory units, covering Health & seo.aspx Safety in the working environment and developing productive working relationships. They must undertake three mandatory units, covering sampling, testing, and receiving and storing sludge for processing, and will then select one unit in maintaining the quality of sludge treatment operations, according to the size of treatment plant and number and complexity of treatment processes in which they are involved. To complete a full award, candidates must select one further unit, covering either the use of chemicals and reagents or plant and equipment maintenance.

CABWI Level 2 NVQ in This NVQ is designed to allow candidates working in http://www.accredited Operating Process waste water treatment operations to demonstrate their qualifications.org.uk/q Plant: Waste Water operational competence in the workplace. The award ualification/50028741. has two core mandatory units, covering Health & seo.aspx Safety in the working environment and developing productive working relationships. They must undertake three mandatory units, covering sampling, testing, and the plant and equipment maintenance, and will then select one unit in maintaining the quality of waste water treatment operations, according to the size of treatment plant and number and complexity of treatment processes in which they are involved. To complete a full award, candidates must select one further unit, covering either the use of chemicals and reagents or receiving and storing sludge for processing.

CABWI Level 2 NVQ in This NVQ is designed to allow candidates working in http://www.accredited Operating Process water treatment operations to demonstrate their qualifications.org.uk/q Plant: Water operational competence in the workplace. The award ualification/50029046. has two core mandatory units, covering Health & seo.aspx Safety in the working environment and developing productive working relationships. They must undertake three mandatory units, covering sampling, testing, and the use of chemicals and reagents, and will then select one unit in maintaining the quality of water treatment operations, according to the size of treatment plant and number and complexity of treatment processes in which they are involved. To complete a full award, candidates must select one further unit.

CABWI Level 2 Utilities This qualification has been designed for those working http://www.accredited Control Centre in Utilities Control Centre Operations. To achieve the qualifications.org.uk/q Operations award candidates must complete three mandatory ualification/10015917. units which cover co-ordinate communications for seo.aspx operational activities on utility networks and assets; contribute to the handling of incidents and resources; and contribute to an effective and safe working environment. Candidates must also complete one optional unit from each of the optional groups.

57 CABWI Level 2 NVQ in This qualification is designed for those working in http://www.accredited Utilities Metering Utilities Metering Operations. Candidates are required qualifications.org.uk/q Operations to complete two mandatory units which cover: ensure ualification/Q1053270 your own actions reduce risks to health and safety: .seo.aspx and solve problems for customers. Candidates must also complete three optional units from two optional groups, one of which must be taken from Group B1. Group B1 contains units which cover: carry out meter reading activities; remove install and commission meters; and conduct metering surveys. Group B2 contains rectify minor metering installation defects; and conduct ancillary operations for metering purposes.

CABWI Level 3 NVQ in The NVQ is designed for candidates who work as http://www.accredited Controlling Process technical supervisory personnel within the water, qualifications.org.uk/q Operations waste water or sludge treatment industries. The award ualification/50036440. covers the skills required to ensure that the treatment seo.aspx processes and the performance of related assets and equipment are monitored and maintained to suitable standards in a highly regulated industry.

CABWI Level 3 NVQ in This qualification is designed for those working in http://www.accredited Leakage Control operational leakage control activities on the water qualifications.org.uk/q supply network. Candidates must complete five ualification/50036270. mandatory units which cover reducing risks to health seo.aspx and safety; determining leakage detection methods and techniques in response to water loss; programming, deploying and collecting data from data-logging equipment; evaluating data to identify potential leakage; and using and confirming the performance of measuring equipment on the distribution network. They must also achieve one optional unit from a choice of four, subject to the activities that they cover in their workplace. This could cover technical activities such as step-testing or establishing the integrity of a discrete area on the distribution network, the supervisory skills needed to provide leadership for their team, or the customer service skills required to resolve leakage-related issues with customers.

CABWI Level 3 NVQ in Need to contact the Awarding Body (CABWI) directly http://www.accredited Maintain Water Supply for details on this qualification qualifications.org.uk/q (Network) ualification/10033828. seo.aspx

CABWI Level 3 NVQ in The NVQ is designed for candidates who work as http://www.accredited Managing & Controlling supervisors or managers within the water, waste water qualifications.org.uk/q Process Operations or sludge treatment industries. The award covers the ualification/50036282. skills required to ensure that the treatment processes seo.aspx and the performance of related assets and equipment are monitored and maintained to suitable standards in a highly regulated industry. It also covers the management skills required to provide leadership for a team, and to allocate and monitor the progress of the work for which the candidate has responsibility.

58 CABWI Level 3 NVQ in The NVQ is designed for candidates who supervise or http://www.accredited Network Construction manage construction operations on on the water qualifications.org.uk/q Operations (Water) network (either mainlaying, servicelaying or both). ualification/50015746. Mandatory activities for a full award include: carrying seo.aspx out operational risk assessments and planning for network construction activities; ensuring that their own actions reduce risks to Health and Safety and aim to protect the environment; implementing water network installation and construction methods and procedures, and monitoring the installation and construction process; locating and avoiding underground apparatus; and monitoring signing, lighting and guarding and excavation activities in the highway.

CABWI Level 4 NVQ in This qualification has been designed for those working http://www.accredited Utilities Network in Utilities Network Planning and Management, qualifications.org.uk/q Planning and seeking to optimise the performance of utilities ualification/1002301X Management networks. To achieve the award candidates must .seo.aspx complete six mandatory units which include develop a strategy for operating, maintaining and developing the utility network and assets; evaluate and determine options for operating, maintaining and developing the utility network and assets; plan and implement operational, maintenance and development activities on the utility network and assets. Candidates must also complete one unit from each of the two optional groups.

City & Guilds Level 2 This specific and specialist Award for the water sector http://www.accredited Award in Water (Sludge) is unique to water sector qualifications.org.uk/q Engineering (Sludge engineers/operatives primarily working for water ualification/50034571. Works) (QCF)* sector utility companies and their contractors seo.aspx nationwide, as well as covering the main job roles and tasks, this qualification also caters for and covers matters of water health and safety situations. Learners have to cover incidents and water related issues that require rapid determination of factors that culminate in rapid actions to minimise the risk to life.

City & Guilds Level 2 This is a specific and specialist Award for the water http://www.accredited Award in Water sector and is unique to water sector qualifications.org.uk/q Engineering (Waste engineers/operatives primarily working for water ualification/50033918. Water – Simple Works) sector utility companies and their contractors seo.aspx (QCF)* nationwide, as well as covering the main job roles and tasks, this qualification also caters for and covers matters of critical water health and safety situations. They have to cover incidents and water related issues that require rapid determination of factors that can relate to health and safety as well as environmental factors, culminating in rapid actions to minimise the risk to life.

59 City & Guilds Level 2 This specific and specialist Award for the water sector http://www.accredited Award in Water is unique to water sector engineers/operatives qualifications.org.uk/q Engineering (Medium primarily working for water sector utility companies ualification/5003442X Works) (QCF)* and their contractors nationwide, as well as covering .seo.aspx the main job roles and tasks, this qualification also caters for and covers matters of water health and safety situations.

Learners have to cover incidents and water related issues that require rapid determination of factors that culminate in rapid actions to minimise the risk to life.

City & Guilds Level 2 This very specific and specialist Certificate with for the http://www.accredited Award in Water water sector is unique to water sector qualifications.org.uk/q Engineering (Simple engineers/operatives primarily working for water ualification/5003392X Works) (QCF)* sector utility companies and their contractors .seo.aspx nationwide, as well as covering the main job roles and tasks, this qualification also caters for and covers matters of water health and safety situations. Learners have to cover incidents and water related issues that require rapid determination of factors that culminate in rapid actions to minimise the risk to life.

City & Guilds Level 2 The aim and purpose of this qualification is to provide http://www.accredited Certificate for Water a competence based qualification that links directly qualifications.org.uk/q Sector Competent with the water sector registration passport scheme ualification/50036129. Operator – Sludge that allows all water sector operatives to work legally. seo.aspx Complex Works (QCF)* All units are based on current NOS and NVQ units. This qualification also allows evidence from other Water QCF awards and certificates to be used as progression or evidence towards gaining these competence based QCF qualifications.

City & Guilds Level 2 The aim and purpose of this qualification is to provide http://www.accredited Certificate for Water a competence based qualification that links directly qualifications.org.uk/q Sector Competent with the water sector registration passport scheme ualification/50035447. Operator – Sludge that allows all water sector operatives to work legally. seo.aspx Simple Works (QCF)* All units are based on current NOS and NVQ units. This qualification also allows evidence from other Water QCF awards and certificates to be used as progression or evidence towards gaining these competence based QCF qualifications.

City & Guilds Level 2 The aim and purpose of this qualification is to provide http://www.accredited Certificate for Water a competence based qualification that links directly qualifications.org.uk/q Sector Competent with the water sector registration passport scheme ualification/50035484. Operator – Water that allows all water sector operatives to work legally. seo.aspx Complex Works (QCF)* All units are based on current NOS and NVQ units. This qualification also allows evidence from other Water QCF awards and certificates to be used as progression or evidence towards gaining these competence based QCF qualifications

City & Guilds Level 2 The aim and purpose of this qualification is to provide http://www.accredited Certificate for Water a competence based qualification that links directly qualifications.org.uk/q Sector Competent with the water sector registration passport scheme ualification/50035460. Operator – Water that allows all water sector operatives to work legally. seo.aspx Medium Works (QCF)* All units are based on current NOS and NVQ units. This qualification also allows evidence from other Water QCF awards and certificates.

60 City & Guilds Level 2 The aim and purpose of this qualification is to provide http://www.accredited Certificate for Water a competence based qualification that links directly qualifications.org.uk/q Sector Competent with the water sector registration passport scheme ualification/50035411. Operator – Water that allows all water sector operatives to work legally. seo.aspx Simple Works (QCF)* All units are based on current NOS and NVQ units. This qualification also allows evidence from other Water QCF awards and certificates to be used as progression or evidence towards gaining these competence based QCF qualifications.

City & Guilds Level 2 This qualification will provide assessment and http://www.accredited Certificate in Water certification for water industry employees that qualifications.org.uk/q Engineering (QCF)* underpin the knowledge requirements of the Level 2 ualification/50016982. NVQs in the water sector and provides a Vocationally seo.aspx Related Qualification-VRQ for the Water Sector Apprenticeship framework at this level. This certificate will qualify water sector employees in the following pathway (endorsed) routes: 1. Water Networks (Network Construction Operations) 2. Water Networks (Leakage) 3. Water Networks (Distribution Control) 4. Water Supply Operations 5. Waste Water Operations

City & Guilds Level 2 For Water/Waste Water Operatives: In Complex http://www.accredited Certificate in Water Works qualifications.org.uk/q Engineering (Complex ualification/50035290. Works) (QCF)* This very specific and specialist Certificate for the seo.aspx water sector is unique to water sector engineers/operatives primarily working for water sector utility companies and their contractors nationwide, as well as covering the main job roles and tasks, this qualification also caters for and covers matters of critical water health and safety situations. Learners have to cover incidents and water related issues that require rapid determination of factors that can relate to life and death situations, culminating in rapid actions to minimise the risk to life.

City & Guilds Level 2 The main purpose and aim of this qualification is to http://www.accredited Certificate in Water provide the water sector with a recognised accredited qualifications.org.uk/q Engineering (Medium national qualification for this specific area of the sector ualification/50036257. Works) (QCF)* at this level (QCF). seo.aspx

This Qualification Provides a Level 2 Certificate for Water processing workers in the water sector for medium works in two pathways: 1. Waste Water 2. Water

City & Guilds Level 2 This very specific and specialist Certificate with http://www.accredited Certificate in Water endorsed pathways for the water sector and is unique qualifications.org.uk/q Engineering (Simple to water sector engineers/operatives primarily working ualification/50034820. Works) (QCF)* for water sector utility companies and their contractors seo.aspx nationwide, as well as covering the main job roles and tasks, these qualifications also cater for and cover matters of critical water health and safety situations. They have to cover incidents and water related issues that require rapid determination of factors that can relate to life and death situations, culminating in rapid actions to minimise the risk to life.

61 City & Guilds Level 2 The aim and purpose of this qualification is to provide http://www.accredited Diploma for Water a competence based qualification that links directly qualifications.org.uk/q Sector Competent with the water sector registration passport scheme ualification/50036117. Operator – Sludge that allows all water sector operatives to work legally. seo.aspx Complex Works (QCF)* All units are based on current NOS and NVQ units. This qualification also allows evidence from other Water QCF awards and certificates to be used as progression or evidence towards gaining these competence based QCF qualifications.

City & Guilds Level 2 The aim and purpose of this qualification is to provide http://www.accredited Diploma for Water a competence based qualification that links directly qualifications.org.uk/q Sector Competent with the water sector registration passport scheme ualification/50035381. Operator – Waste that allows all water sector operatives to work legally. seo.aspx Water Complex Works All units are based on current NOS and NVQ units. (QCF)* This qualification also allows evidence from other Water QCF awards and certificates to be used as progression or evidence towards gaining these competence based QCF qualifications.

City & Guilds Level 2 The aim and purpose of this qualification is to provide http://www.accredited Diploma for Water a competence based qualification that links directly qualifications.org.uk/q Sector Competent with the water sector registration passport scheme ualification/50035393. Operator – Waste that allows all water sector operatives to work legally. seo.aspx Water Simple Works All units are based on current NOS and NVQ units. (QCF)* This qualification also allows evidence from other Water QCF awards and certificates to be used as progression or evidence towards gaining these competence based QCF qualifications.

City & Guilds Level 2 The aim and purpose of this qualification is to provide http://www.accredited Diploma for Water a competence based qualification that links directly qualifications.org.uk/q Sector Competent with the water sector registration passport scheme ualification/50035381. Operator – Water that allows all water sector operatives to work legally. seo.aspx Complex Works (QCF)* All units are based on current NOS and NVQ units. This qualification also allows evidence from other Water QCF awards and certificates to be used as progression or evidence towards gaining these competence based QCF qualifications.

City & Guilds Level 2 The aim and purpose of this qualification is to provide http://www.accredited Diploma for Water a competence based qualification that links directly qualifications.org.uk/q Sector Competent with the water sector registration passport scheme ualification/5003540X Operator – Water that allows all water sector operatives to work legally. .seo.aspx Medium Works (QCF)* All units are based on current NOS and NVQ units. This qualification also allows evidence from other Water QCF awards and certificates to be used as progression or evidence towards gaining these competence based QCF qualifications.

62 City & Guilds Level 3 This qualification will provide assessment and http://www.accredited Diploma in Water certification for water industry employees that qualifications.org.uk/q Engineering (QCF)* underpin the knowledge requirements of NVQs in the ualification/50016556. water sector and provides a Vocationally Related seo.aspx Qualification for the Water Sector Apprenticeship framework.

This diploma will qualify water sector employees in the following pathway (endorsed) routes: 1. Waste Water Treatment Operations 2. Water Treatment Operations 3. Water Network 4. Sewerage

* for details on the QCF please refer to http://www.euskills.co.uk/water/index.php? pageID=464

Gender The figure below shows the proportion of employees who are female within each occupational group in the water industry and compares them to the England average. 90

c 60 r o f k r o 50 W

f England o

e EU Skills

0 Managers & Professionals Associate Admin & Skilled Trades Sales & Process, Plant & Elementary Senior Officials Professional & Secretarial Customer Machine Technical Service Operatives Occupational Group Source: Census of Population, 2001. In general terms, there is a strong gender bias within the water industry, with high concentrations of female workers in administrative and secretarial, sales and customer service roles. Around 21% of managerial employees are female, compared to around 34% across the UK economy. Females make up 70% of the workforce within the administrative and secretarial occupations but only 18% of professionals and 22% of associate professionals.

Age Profile of Workforce in the Water Industry (England) 35

o 20 EU Skills W

f Electricity o

P Water 10

0 16-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 64+ Age Group Source: Census of Population, 2001 and CORGI Register. The water industry employs relatively few 16-24 year-olds and a higher proportion of 35- 54 year-olds. The reason for this is likely to be the industry’s relatively high need for managers, professionals and associate professionals.

The future The asset owning water companies are primarily responsible for operating, maintaining and constructing the water and wastewater plants and networks. They are supported significantly in maintenance and construction areas by consultants and contractors. Consequently across the industry is significant demand for STEM based skills.

The water industry continues to contract-out major elements of its activities and so is becoming increasingly reliant upon the supply chain. This is being driven by the need to achieve cost savings for customers.

The industry will remain subject to continued high levels of capital investment in order to meet the needs of ever more stringent environmental pressures. The industry recognises its significant role in maintaining a sustainable environment and it will need to develop new and innovative working practices if it is to operate in a more sustainable and carbon neutral manner - this will place an even greater demand for STEM skills (science, technology, engineering and maths), particularly at higher levels.

Investment in the water and sewerage infrastructure will continue to be a major driver of labour demand in the water industry over the next decade and beyond.

64 Forecasts made by Oxford Economics suggest that around 3,000 new workers per year will be required by the water industry between 2008 and 2017 and that 31% of these will be graduates.

The occupations where demand for new recruits will be largest include:  Network Construction Operatives2 (Level 2) Assist with construction activities relating to mainlaying and servicelaying.

 Network/ Process Technician (Level 3) Responsible for the day-to-day operation and optimisation of treatment processes.

 Mechanical/ Electrical Technicians (Level 3) Responsible for installing, maintaining, fault finding and calibrating a wide range of electrical plant, control systems and instrumentation.

 Leakage Technician (Level 3) Undertakes leakage detection on water mains networks.

 Incorporated and Chartered Engineers (Levels 4&5) Design overall schemes, such as sewer improvement schemes or flood defence programmes, and associated structures such as pumping stations, pipework and earthworks.

5.7 Skill shortages

The main skill shortages that exist in the water industry at the moment are for:  Network Construction Operatives  Mechanical Technicians  Electricians  Leakage Control Technicians  Design Engineers  Incorporated and Chartered Engineers

Due to the lack of graduates and other suitably skilled people looking for employment opportunities in the water it is unlikely that these shortages will be resolved any time soon and will affect the supply chain (contractors, consultancies, etc) just as much as the water companies.

These skills shortages are particularly severe at the moment due to (i) the age profile of the existing workforce means that many workers will retire over the next ten years and (ii) the workforce requirements of the major mains replacement programmes and continued efforts to reduce leakage rates.

Also, the water industry is under continued pressure to operate in a more sustainable and carbon-neutral manner, not least because of evermore stringent environmental regulations. Therefore, individuals with good STEM (science, technology, engineering and maths) skills are key to the future of the water industry.

The best way in to the water industry is to apply to an employer directly and secure employment or work experience with them. Many water companies use contractors or consultants to undertake work on their behalf. Entry requirements range from no formal qualifications through to Higher National Certificates (HNCs) and Degrees.

2 Mains and Service Layers, Network District Inspector, Leakage Inspector, Trunk Mains Inspector

65 The following websites will provide additional information on employers and contractors in the water industry:

Water UK – www.water.org.uk Society of British Water and Wastewater Industries – www.sbwwi.co.uk Additional information can be found on a handout by using the following link: http://www.euskills.co.uk/download.php?id=501

Entry requirements range from no formal qualifications through to Higher National Certificates (HNCs) and Degrees. Some companies offer Apprenticeships, which are an excellent opportunity to achieve a nationally recognised qualification and gain work experience at the same time. Training will normally be supplied by an experienced worker on the job.

The following link provides details on entry requirements to the sector http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=341

5.10 Job profiles

Position Link to information Leakage Operative http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=242 Sewerage Operative http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=243 Water Network Operative http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=244 Water Quality Sampling Officer http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/water-job-profiles/water- quality-sampling-officer/ Environmental Technician http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/water-job- profiles/environmental-technician/ Mechanical Technician http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/water-job- profiles/mechanical-technician/

5.11 Case studies

Person Employer Link to information Hannah Barratt - Severn Trent http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=292 Apprentice Neil Legowski - Scottish Water http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=409 Apprentice Scott Clavering – Scottish Water http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=286 Apprentice Leakage Field Technician Jane Youding – Wessex Water http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/a-day-in-the-life-of/case- Scientist studies/jane-youdan-wessex-water/

Sam Payne – Bristol Water http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/a-day-in-the-life-of/case- Trainee studies/sam-payne-bristol-water/ Engineering Technician

66 5.12 FAQs The majority of enquiries that come in to Energy & Utility Skills are processed by our Business Support function. Each member of the team has a portfolio of information which contains information designed to answer incoming enquiries. Details of the most common enquiries are listed below:

Q) Which schemes are currently running in the water industry? A) Energy & Utility Skills have a number of schemes available including the following:  Confined Spaces (Water)  Leakage Detection & Control  National Water Hygiene  Network Construction Operations (Water)  Plant for Utilities Scheme  Scottish Water – Distributed Operations Maintenance Strategy  Utility Excavations  Utility Network Construction Supervisors  Utility Safety Health and Environmental Awareness (Water)

Details of all the courses available can be found at http://www.eusr.co.uk/schemes? status=0&type=0&industry=1475&submit3.x=30&submit3.y=10

Energy & Utility Skills have a number of sources that provide additional information. Additional information on Apprenticeships can be obtained from http://www.apprenticeships.org.uk/Be-An-Apprentice/Other-Questions.aspx

Water UK – www.water.org.uk Society of British Water and Wastewater Industries – www.sbwwi.co.uk

5.14 Water – Regional Information

5.14.1 Water – East Midlands In total, some 18,500 people are employed within the water industry in the East Midlands region in approximately 320 companies. Industry Employees Business Units Water 18,500 320

The age and gender profiles of the water workforce in the East Midlands are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the East Midlands water workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

5.15.2 Water – East of England In total, some 13,000 people are employed within the water industry in the East of England region in approximately 210 companies. Industry Employees Business Units Water 13,000 210

The age and gender profiles of the water workforce in the East of England are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the East of England water workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

67 5.15.3 Water – London In total, some 15,000 people are employed within the water industry in the London region in approximately 120 companies. Industry Employees Business Units Water 15,000 120

The age and gender profiles of the water workforce in London are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the London water workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

5.15.4 Water – North East In total, some 9,000 people are employed within the water industry in the North East region in approximately 70 companies. Industry Employees Business Units Water 9,000 70

The age and gender profiles of the water workforce in the North East are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the North East water workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

5.15.5 Water – North West In total, some 21,000 people are employed within the water industry in the North West region in approximately 280 companies. Industry Employees Business Units Water 21,000 280

The age and gender profiles of the water workforce in the North West are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the North West water workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

5.15.6 Water – South East In total, some 16,000 people are employed within the water industry in the South East region in approximately 270 companies. Industry Employees Business Units Water 16,000 270

The age and gender profiles of the water workforce in the South East are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the South East water workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

5.15.7 Water – South West In total, some 12,000 people are employed within the water industry in the South West region in approximately 300 companies. Industry Employees Business Units Water 12,000 300

68 The age and gender profiles of the water workforce in the South West are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the South West water workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

5.15.8 Water – West Midlands In total, some 21,500 people are employed within the water industry in the West Midlands region in approximately 210 companies. Industry Employees Business Units Water 21,500 210

The age and gender profiles of the water workforce in the West Midlands are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the West Midlands water workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

5.15.9 Water – Yorkshire and the Humber In total, some 13,500 people are employed within the water industry in the Yorkshire and Humber region in approximately 220 companies. Industry Employees Business Units Water 13,500 220

The age and gender profiles of the water workforce in Yorkshire and Humber are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.

The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the Yorkshire and Humber water workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.