The Psalmists' Use of the Exodus Motif

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

The Psalmists' Use of the Exodus Motif The Psalmists’ Use of the Exodus Motif A Close Reading and Intertextual Analysis of Selected Exodus Psalms Thesis Submitted for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy by David Emanuel Submitted to the Senate of the Hebrew University December 2007 This work was written under the supervision of Professor Yair Zakovitch CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS .............................................................................................................................................. VIII INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................................................... 1 RESEARCH IN RELATED FIELDS ................................................................................................................................. 3 General Psalms Research ................................................................................................................................... 3 Inner-Biblical Interpretation and Allusion ......................................................................................................... 6 Juxtapositional Interpretation ............................................................................................................................ 8 METHODOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS .................................................................................................................... 10 SCOPE AND STRUCTURE ......................................................................................................................................... 17 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................. 17 Structure ........................................................................................................................................................... 18 CHAPTER 1: PSALM 78 ........................................................................................................................................ 21 STRUCTURE ............................................................................................................................................................ 21 CLOSE READING ..................................................................................................................................................... 24 MEANING ............................................................................................................................................................... 94 DATE ...................................................................................................................................................................... 96 SOURCES ................................................................................................................................................................ 98 Process of Selection ........................................................................................................................................ 100 ALLUSIONS ........................................................................................................................................................... 101 Desert Provision ............................................................................................................................................. 101 The Song of the Sea ......................................................................................................................................... 105 The Plagues .................................................................................................................................................... 107 JUXTAPOSITION .................................................................................................................................................... 110 Psalm 77—78 .................................................................................................................................................. 110 Psalm 78—79 .................................................................................................................................................. 112 Psalm 77—79 .................................................................................................................................................. 113 CHAPTER 2: PSALM 105 .................................................................................................................................... 115 STRUCTURE .......................................................................................................................................................... 115 CLOSE READING ................................................................................................................................................... 118 MEANING ............................................................................................................................................................. 156 DATE .................................................................................................................................................................... 157 SOURCES .............................................................................................................................................................. 159 Process of Selection ........................................................................................................................................ 161 ALLUSIONS ........................................................................................................................................................... 162 Israel in Egypt ................................................................................................................................................. 162 The Plagues .................................................................................................................................................... 163 The Wilderness Wandering ............................................................................................................................. 167 JUXTAPOSITION .................................................................................................................................................... 170 Psalm 104–105 ............................................................................................................................................... 170 CHAPTER 3: PSALM 106 .................................................................................................................................... 173 STRUCTURE .......................................................................................................................................................... 173 CLOSE READING ................................................................................................................................................... 177 MEANING ............................................................................................................................................................. 220 DATE .................................................................................................................................................................... 221 SOURCES .............................................................................................................................................................. 223 Process of Selection ........................................................................................................................................ 225 ALLUSIONS ........................................................................................................................................................... 226 Deliverance from Egypt .................................................................................................................................. 226 Cravings in the Desert .................................................................................................................................... 227 Dathan’s Rebellion ......................................................................................................................................... 229 Refusal of Land ............................................................................................................................................... 230 Golden Calf ..................................................................................................................................................... 232 Baal Peor ........................................................................................................................................................ 234 Waters of Meribah .......................................................................................................................................... 236 Reordering ...................................................................................................................................................... 237 JUXTAPOSITION .................................................................................................................................................... 240 Psalms 105—106 ............................................................................................................................................ 240 Psalms 106—107 ...........................................................................................................................................
Recommended publications
  • Expository Preaching from the Book of Joshua
    EXPOSITORY PREACHING FROM THE BOOK OF JOSHUA BSOT8301 Expository Preaching from the Old Testament Doctor of Ministry Seminar New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary Fall Trimester August 31-September 2, 2020 Dr. Preston L. Nix Professor of Evangelism and Evangelistic Preaching Occupying the Roland Q. Leavell Chair of Evangelism Director of the Leavell Center for Evangelism and Church Health Director of Supervised Ministry Office: The Leavell Center for Evangelism and Church Health E-mail: [email protected] Phone: 504-816-8820 Dr. Jim Parker Professor of Biblical Interpretation E-mail: [email protected] Phone: 205-307-9831 Mission Statement New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary and Leavell College prepare servants to walk with Christ, proclaim His truth, and fulfill His mission. Core Value Focus The seminary has five core values: Doctrinal Integrity, Spiritual Vitality, Mission Focus, Characteristic Excellence, and Servant Leadership. The core value focus for this academic year is Mission Focus: “We are not here merely to get an education or to give one. We are here to change the world by fulfilling the Great Commission and the Great Commandments through the local church and its ministries.” Curriculum Competencies All graduates of NOBTS are expected to have at least a minimum level of competency in each of the following areas: Biblical Exposition, Christian Theological Heritage, Disciple Making, Interpersonal Skills, Servant Leadership, Spiritual and Character Formation, and Worship Leadership. The curriculum competency addressed in this seminar is Biblical Exposition. Seminar Description This seminar offers a practical study of the Book of Joshua. Using the components of sound biblical exegesis and exposition, the focus of the seminar is to prepare the participants for careful study and effective expository preaching of the biblical text.
    [Show full text]
  • JOSHUA: the LORD IS SALVATION Joshua’S Call Joshua 1:1-18 Layne Lebo June 12, 2016
    JOSHUA: THE LORD IS SALVATION Joshua’s Call Joshua 1:1-18 Layne Lebo June 12, 2016 Today, we’re beginning our summer sermon series that will carry us through the end of August. Summer tends to be a very disjointed time at McBIC. People’s travel and vacation schedules, along with our church scaling back on some of our normal activities make it a challenge to stay connected during summer. Personally, I’m in the midst of a 5-week stretch where between vacation and some business trips I I’ll be spending time in North Carolina, Nashville, Kansas and Orlando. Realizing how disjointed things can get in June, July and August, we typically preach a summer-long series on a book of the Bible. That way, in the midst of people coming and going and a variety of people preaching, we have the constant of staying in one book of the Bible. To help you stay connected we’ve put together a simple bookmark that lists scriptures you can read whether you’re at home or on vacation that keep you in step with the passages we’re preaching on this summer. This summer we’ll be walking through the Old Testament Book of Joshua. Joshua is the 6th book in the Bible—coming immediately after the books known as the Pentateuch or the Law. Bible scholars aren’t sure who the author of Joshua is. It appears that parts of the book were written by Joshua himself, but other portions were likely passed along through generations of Jewish people as oral history.
    [Show full text]
  • Numbers 11 • I Want It My
    Numbers 11 • I Want It My Way Introduction It’s truthful but not a happy thing to report that the behavior of the Israelites between Egypt and Canaan is often duplicated in the congregations of today’s churches. It doesn’t matter what the pastor says or does, “something” is always “wrong” or “not quite right” with the music, the order of service, too much time on one thing and not enough on another, the color of the fabric on the chairs, and so on and so forth. When such complaints are boiled down one discovers that what is really being said is, “I want it MY way.” Not content to be in the presence of God or to participate as a member of a larger group, the complainant is upset with anything that does not focus entirely on them according to their personal preference and desire. For some it’s not enough that God provides the leadership and means because it isn’t presented in the way that they’d like. They’re obsessed with the form at the expense of the content. 1Now the people became like those who [Read v.1-3] complain of adversity in the hearing of the LORD; and when the LORD heard it, Q: What exactly does it mean when someone is “like those who complain of His anger was kindled, and the fire of the adversity”? Lord burned among them and consumed A: They have no legitimate grounds for complaint; they’re just emotionally 2 some of the outskirts of the camp.
    [Show full text]
  • The Book of Psalms “Bless the Lord, O My Soul, and Forget Not All His Benefits” (103:2)
    THE BOOK OF PSALMS “BLESS THE LORD, O MY SOUL, AND FORGET NOT ALL HIS BENEFITS” (103:2) BOOK I BOOK II BOOK III BOOK IV BOOK V 41 psalms 31 psalms 17 psalms 17 psalms 44 psalms 1 41 42 72 73 89 90 106 107 150 DOXOLOGY AT THESE VERSES CONCLUDES EACH BOOK 41:13 72:18-19 89:52 106:48 150:6 JEWISH TRADITION ASCRIBES TOPICAL LIKENESS TO PENTATEUCH GENESIS EXODUS LEVITICUS NUMBERS DEUTERONOMY ────AUTHORS ──── mainly mainly (or all) DAVID mainly mainly mainly DAVID and KORAH ASAPH ANONYMOUS DAVID BOOKS II AND III ADDED MISCELLANEOUS ORIGINAL GROUP BY DURING THE REIGNS OF COLLECTIONS DAVID HEZEKIAH AND JOSIAH COMPILED IN TIMES OF EZRA AND NEHEMIAH POSSIBLE CHRONOLOGICAL STAGES IN THE GROWTH AND COLLECTION OF THE PSALTER 1 The Book of Psalms I. Book Title The word psalms comes from the Greek word psalmoi. It suggests the idea of a “praise song,” as does the Hebrew word tehillim. It is related to a Hebrew concept which means “the plucking of strings.” It means a song to be sung to the accompaniment of stringed instruments. The Psalms is a collection of worship songs sung to God by the people of Israel with musical accompaniment. The collection of these 150 psalms into one book served as the first hymnbook for God’s people, written and compiled to assist them in their worship of God. At first, because of the wide variety of these songs, this praise book was unnamed, but eventually the ancient Hebrews called it “The Book of Praises,” or simply “Praises.” This title reflects its main purpose──to assist believers in the proper worship of God.
    [Show full text]
  • BE CONTENT! (Scripture: Numbers 11:18-20)
    BE CONTENT! (Scripture: Numbers 11:18-20) Numbers 11:18-20 18Then you shall say to the people, [f] Consecrate yourselves for tomorrow, and you shall eat meat; for you have wept in the hearing of the Lord, saying, Who will give us meat to eat? For it was well with us in Egypt.” Therefore, the Lord will give you meat, and you shall eat. 19You shall eat, not one day, nor two days, nor five days, nor ten days, nor twenty days, 20but for a whole month, until it comes out of your nostrils and becomes loathsome to you, because you have despised the Lord who is among you, and have wept before Him, saying, Why did we ever come up out of Egypt?” ’ ” Introduction: After a yearlong rest, now the Israelites were ready to move from Sinai Mountain. But before we can talk about their journey, I would like to bring an interesting verse to your attention. Numbers 10:29,30. 29Then Moses said to Hobab the son of Reuel the Midianite, Moses father-in-law, We are setting out to the place of which the LORD said, I will give it to you. Come with us and we will do you good, for the LORD has [g]promised good concerning Israel.” 30But he said to him, I will not come, but rather will go to my own land and relatives.” Who is this Hobab? Is it the same father-in-law Jethro that was mentioned in Exodus 18? Some scholars think that this person may be one of the sons in laws of Jethro.
    [Show full text]
  • Psalms Psalm
    Cultivate - PSALMS PSALM 126: We now come to the seventh of the "Songs of Ascent," a lovely group of Psalms that God's people would sing and pray together as they journeyed up to Jerusalem. Here in this Psalm they are praying for the day when the Lord would "restore the fortunes" of God's people (vs.1,4). 126 is a prayer for spiritual revival and reawakening. The first half is all happiness and joy, remembering how God answered this prayer once. But now that's just a memory... like a dream. They need to be renewed again. So they call out to God once more: transform, restore, deliver us again. Don't you think this is a prayer that God's people could stand to sing and pray today? Pray it this week. We'll pray it together on Sunday. God is here inviting such prayer; he's even putting the very words in our mouths. PSALM 127: This is now the eighth of the "Songs of Ascent," which God's people would sing on their procession up to the temple. We've seen that Zion / Jerusalem / The House of the Lord are all common themes in these Psalms. But the "house" that Psalm 127 refers to (in v.1) is that of a dwelling for a family. 127 speaks plainly and clearly to our anxiety-ridden thirst for success. How can anything be strong or successful or sufficient or secure... if it does not come from the Lord? Without the blessing of the Lord, our lives will come to nothing.
    [Show full text]
  • Numbers 11:1-35 Chavurah Shalom Saturday 11/18/17 Vv. 1-3 Complaint at Taberah Our Parashah for This Week Begins with the Patter
    Numbers 11:1-35 Chavurah Shalom Saturday 11/18/17 Vv. 1-3 Complaint at Taberah Our Parashah for this week begins with the pattern of life that will plague Israel throughout their wilderness journeys: Complaint, Divine Judgment, Naming the Place based upon the incident of the complaint. The nature of the complaint seems to be the lack of sumptuous food they were used to back in Egypt. It is as if they were complaining about the journey, the Goodness of God, and His provisions for them in the journey. Rather than look to God, or looking forward to a land flowing with milk and honey, they looked back to the bondage they had just left. Luke 9:62 But Jesus said to him, “No one, after putting his hand to the plow and looking back, is fit for the kingdom of God.” Specifically our text lists fish, leeks, onions, and garlic. These are items that we use to give our food more flavor. Our text simply begins with a complaint, and nothing is spelled out in the first three verses as to the nature of the complaint. Many scholars separate this issue from the following one concerning the manna verses the fish and vegetables of Egypt. Whatever the complaint, ADONAI answers with fire, here a deadly fire. The fiery presence of God always evokes fear, but does not always result in death. At this time, Israel is confronted with the Fiery Presence of God as both a repre- sentation of His Holiness, and also of His Judgment. The JPS Torah Commentary suggested it was lightning.
    [Show full text]
  • The Exodus As Negotiation of Identity and Human Dignity Between Memory and Myth
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Stellenbosch University SUNScholar Repository Page 1 of 6 Original Research The Exodus as negotiation of identity and human dignity between memory and myth Author: The rendition of the exodus in the Old Testament is an excellent example of cultural memory Hendrik L. Bosman1 – a remembered past that resulted in collective memories that maintained the actuality or relevance of the past, without getting bogged down in the never ending agonising about the Affiliation: 1Department of Old and supposed ‘historical factuality’ of the past. In the Old Testament the exodus was remembered New Testaments, Faculty in diverging ways in different contexts and the ongoing need for identity and the influence of Theology, University of of trauma were but two factors that influenced the manner in which the exodus was recalled. Stellenbosch, South Africa Despite unfavourable connotations it is again suggested that the exodus functioned as a Note: founding myth in the evolving of Israelite and early Jewish identity. Such a heuristic goal This article is a revised will be less interested in establishing historically or archaeologically verifiable truth claims version of a paper delivered and more interested in how the memory of the exodus shaped identity and enabled human during the SBL International dignity in subsequent contexts of human suffering and oppression up to the present day. Conference held in Amsterdam in July 2012. The financial support provided by the Hope Project of Introduction the Faculty of Theology at Stellenbosch University is The interpretation of the book of Exodus in Africa and other post-colonial contexts has been an gratefully acknowledged.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter Iii Malachi's Eschatological Figures
    CHAPTER III MALACHI’S ESCHATOLOGICAL FIGURES: AN EXAMINATION OF MAL.3:1-5; 4:5-6 Ralph L. Smith argues that the Book of Malachi deals with four primary theological themes: covenant, cult (worship), ethical conduct (justice and morality) and the future.1 It is certain that the Book of Malachi contains a number of theological ideas such as God‟s covenantal love, His covenant, the ideal priesthood, the universalistic perspective,2 and the eschatological promises. The word “covenant” occurs six times in the book. O‟Brien argues, “Malachi employs much of the terminology, theme and form of the covenant lawsuit.” 3 In other words, the Book is a kind of the covenant lawsuit. Malachi, as the prophet and representative of the Lord, confronts the priests of Israel for their defilement, reminding them of a faithful priest--a messenger of the Lord--who rebukes the people of Israel for their unbelieving hypocritical worship and unethical conduct, requests them to restore true worship, and proclaims a message of hope by predicting the forerunner of the Lord who prepares the way before the Lord comes. Malachi is commissioned by God to participate in a divine dialogue between Him and His rebellious people who comprise the remnant of Israel. The time of Malachi is the era of covenant breach. The priests violate the covenant of Levi (2:1-9), and the people break the 1 Ralph L. Smith, “The Shape of Theology in the Book of Malachi,” Southwestern Journal of Theology, no. 30 (1987) 24-27. 2 Pieter A. Verhoef, The Books of Haggai and Malachi, New International Commentary on the Old Testament, ed.
    [Show full text]
  • Deuteronomy 202 1 Edition Dr
    Notes on Deuteronomy 202 1 Edition Dr. Thomas L. Constable TITLE The title of this book in the Hebrew Bible was its first two words, 'elleh haddebarim, which translate into English as "these are the words" (1:1). Ancient Near Eastern suzerainty treaties began the same way.1 So the Jewish title gives a strong clue to the literary character of Deuteronomy. The English title comes from a Latinized form of the Septuagint (Greek) translation title. "Deuteronomy" means "second law" in Greek. We might suppose that this title arose from the idea that Deuteronomy records the law as Moses repeated it to the new generation of Israelites who were preparing to enter the land, but this is not the case. It came from a mistranslation of a phrase in 17:18. In that passage, God commanded Israel's kings to prepare "a copy of this law" for themselves. The Septuagint translators mistakenly rendered this phrase "this second [repeated] law." The Vulgate (Latin) translation, influenced by the Septuagint, translated the phrase "second law" as deuteronomium, from which "Deuteronomy" is a transliteration. The Book of Deuteronomy is, to some extent, however, a repetition to the new generation of the Law that God gave at Mt. Sinai. For example, about 50 percent of the "Book of the Covenant" (Exod. 20:23— 23:33) is paralleled in Deuteronomy.2 Thus God overruled the translators' error, and gave us a title for the book in English that is appropriate, in view of the contents of the book.3 1Meredith G. Kline, "Deuteronomy," in The Wycliffe Bible Commentary, p.
    [Show full text]
  • Exodus at a Glance
    Scholars Crossing The Owner's Manual File Theological Studies 11-2017 Article 2: Exodus at a Glance Harold Willmington Liberty University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/owners_manual Part of the Biblical Studies Commons, Christianity Commons, Practical Theology Commons, and the Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons Recommended Citation Willmington, Harold, "Article 2: Exodus at a Glance" (2017). The Owner's Manual File. 44. https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/owners_manual/44 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Theological Studies at Scholars Crossing. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Owner's Manual File by an authorized administrator of Scholars Crossing. For more information, please contact [email protected]. EXODUS AT A GLANCE This book describes Israel’s terrible bondage in Egypt, its supernatural deliverance by God, its journey from the Red Sea to the base of Mt. Sinai as led by Moses, the giving of the Law, the terrible sin of worshiping the golden calf, and the completion of the Tabernacle. BOTTOM LINE INTRODUCTION HOW ODD OF GOD TO CHOOSE THE JEWS! THE STORY OF HOW HE SELECTED THEM PROTECTED THEM, AND DIRECTED THEM. FACTS REGARDING THE AUTHORS OF THIS BOOK 1. Who? Moses. He was the younger brother of Aaron and Miriam (Ex. 6:20; Num. 26:59) who led his people Israel out of Egyptian bondage (Ex. 5-14) and gave them the law of God at Mt. Sinai (Ex. 20). 2. What? That books of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy.
    [Show full text]
  • What Is the Dominant Theme of the Book of Deuteronomy? by Flora Richards-Gustafson, Demand Media
    Education Menu ☰ What Is the Dominant Theme of the Book of Deuteronomy? by Flora Richards-Gustafson, Demand Media Deuteronomy is the fifth book of the Torah and of the Bible’s Old Testament. When translated from the Greek Septuagint, the word “Deuteronomy” means “second law,” as in Moses’ re­telling of God’s laws. The dominant theological theme in this book is the renewal of God’s covenant and Moses’ call to obedience, as evident in Deuteronomy 4: 1, 6 and 13; 30: 1 to 3 and 8 to 20. Sponsored Link 5,000 Flyers - Only $98 Print 5,000 Flyers for Just $98! Superior Quality & Timely Delivery. overnightprints.com / Flyers People throughout the Bible refer to the Laws of Moses. Summary of Deuteronomy The accounts in Deuteronomy occur in Moab, 40 days before the Related Articles Israelites enter the Promised Land, Canaan. At 120 years old, What Is the Falling Action of "Percy Moses knew that he would soon die, so he took the opportunity to Jackson and the Titan's Curse"? issue a call to obedience and review God’s covenants. Moses recounts the experiences of the past 40 years in the wilderness, What Is the Falling Action of the Book restates the Ten Commandments, and gives the Israelites "Frindle?" guidelines to follow regarding different aspects of life. He tells the Books of the Old Testament in the people that he will die before they enter the Promised Land and English Order appoints Joshua to take his place. Moses gave the Israelites three reasons to renew their obedience to God: God’s history of What Is the Climax of the Book "Rascal?" goodness to his people, the goodness of God’s laws, and God’s unconditional promises of blessings for the future.
    [Show full text]