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A WAY FORWARD with IRAN? Options for Crafting a U.S. Strategy
A WAY FORWARD WITH IRAN? Options for Crafting a U.S. Strategy THE SOUFAN CENTER FEBRUARY 2021 A WAY FORWARD WITH IRAN? OPTIONS FOR CRAFTING A U.S. STRATEGY A WAY FORWARD WITH IRAN? Options for Crafting a U.S. Strategy THE SOUFAN CENTER FEBRUARY 2021 Cover photo: Associated Press Photo/Photographer: Mohammad Berno 2 A WAY FORWARD WITH IRAN? OPTIONS FOR CRAFTING A U.S. STRATEGY CONTENTS List of Abbreviations 4 List of Figures 5 Key Findings 6 How Did We Reach This Point? 7 Roots of the U.S.-Iran Relationship 9 The Results of the Maximum Pressure Policy 13 Any Change in Iranian Behavior? 21 Biden Administration Policy and Implementation Options 31 Conclusion 48 Contributors 49 About The Soufan Center 51 3 A WAY FORWARD WITH IRAN? OPTIONS FOR CRAFTING A U.S. STRATEGY LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS BPD Barrels Per Day FTO Foreign Terrorist Organization GCC Gulf Cooperation Council IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency ICBM Intercontinental Ballistic Missile IMF International Monetary Fund IMSC International Maritime Security Construct INARA Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act INSTEX Instrument for Supporting Trade Exchanges IRGC Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps IRGC-QF Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps - Qods Force JCPOA Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action MBD Million Barrels Per Day PMF Popular Mobilization Forces SRE Significant Reduction Exception 4 A WAY FORWARD WITH IRAN? OPTIONS FOR CRAFTING A U.S. STRATEGY LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Iran Annual GDP Growth and Change in Crude Oil Exports 18 Figure 2: Economic Effects of Maximum Pressure 19 Figure 3: Armed Factions Supported by Iran 25 Figure 4: Comparison of Iran Nuclear Program with JCPOA Limitations 28 5 A WAY FORWARD WITH IRAN? OPTIONS FOR CRAFTING A U.S. -
DEPARTMENTAL OFFICES, FOIA Log July 1 - September 30, 2020 Requestor Organization Request # Short Description Request Type
DEPARTMENTAL OFFICES, FOIA Log July 1 - September 30, 2020 Requestor Organization Request # Short Description Request Type Napolio, Nicholas University of Southern 2020-07-004 Consultation from TTB-2020-02-038_The requester is seeking copies of all Memoranda of FOIA California Understanding entered into by the TTB and any other agency or bureau in the federal government Mooney, Ethan 2020-07-010 #CARES requesting a list of all incorporated and LLC businesses and the amount of funds FOIA they received under the Cares Act (the COVID-19 relief bill) Wack, Kevin American Banker 2020-07-013 I request that the Treasury Office of Inspector General and the Office of the Comptroller of FOIA the Currency review and reconsider redactions in the publicly available version of Audit Report OIG-06-034 Real Bird, Emery Native American 2020-07-020 #CARES Complete list of eligible entities that received money distributed to Indian Tribal FOIA Finance Officers Governments under Section 601(a) of the Social Security Act, as amended by Section 5001 Association of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) Wessel, David Brookings Institution 2020-07-025 Emails and other written communication between Secretary Mnuchin and counselor Dan FOIA Kowalski referring to "Opportunity Zones" between December 15, 2017 and July 1, 2018 Merle, Renae The Washington Post 2020-07-029 Consultation from U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission _Request No. 19-01432-FOIA- FOIA 19-01432-FOIA. email records that were sent or received by Chairman Clayton, -
Annual Report 2018
2018Annual Report Annual Report July 1, 2017–June 30, 2018 Council on Foreign Relations 58 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10065 tel 212.434.9400 1777 F Street, NW, Washington, DC 20006 tel 202.509.8400 www.cfr.org [email protected] OFFICERS DIRECTORS David M. Rubenstein Term Expiring 2019 Term Expiring 2022 Chairman David G. Bradley Sylvia Mathews Burwell Blair Effron Blair Effron Ash Carter Vice Chairman Susan Hockfield James P. Gorman Jami Miscik Donna J. Hrinak Laurene Powell Jobs Vice Chairman James G. Stavridis David M. Rubenstein Richard N. Haass Vin Weber Margaret G. Warner President Daniel H. Yergin Fareed Zakaria Keith Olson Term Expiring 2020 Term Expiring 2023 Executive Vice President, John P. Abizaid Kenneth I. Chenault Chief Financial Officer, and Treasurer Mary McInnis Boies Laurence D. Fink James M. Lindsay Timothy F. Geithner Stephen C. Freidheim Senior Vice President, Director of Studies, Stephen J. Hadley Margaret (Peggy) Hamburg and Maurice R. Greenberg Chair James Manyika Charles Phillips Jami Miscik Cecilia Elena Rouse Nancy D. Bodurtha Richard L. Plepler Frances Fragos Townsend Vice President, Meetings and Membership Term Expiring 2021 Irina A. Faskianos Vice President, National Program Tony Coles Richard N. Haass, ex officio and Outreach David M. Cote Steven A. Denning Suzanne E. Helm William H. McRaven Vice President, Philanthropy and Janet A. Napolitano Corporate Relations Eduardo J. Padrón Jan Mowder Hughes John Paulson Vice President, Human Resources and Administration Caroline Netchvolodoff OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS, Vice President, Education EMERITUS & HONORARY Shannon K. O’Neil Madeleine K. Albright Maurice R. Greenberg Vice President and Deputy Director of Studies Director Emerita Honorary Vice Chairman Lisa Shields Martin S. -
A New #Metoo Result: Rejecting Notions of Romantic Consent with Executives
Texas A&M University School of Law Texas A&M Law Scholarship Faculty Scholarship 1-2019 A New #MeToo Result: Rejecting Notions of Romantic Consent with Executives Michael Z. Green Texas A & M University School of Law, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.tamu.edu/facscholar Part of the Labor and Employment Law Commons Recommended Citation Michael Z. Green, A New #MeToo Result: Rejecting Notions of Romantic Consent with Executives, 23 Emp. Rts. & Emp. Pol'y J. 115 (2019). Available at: https://scholarship.law.tamu.edu/facscholar/1389 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Texas A&M Law Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Scholarship by an authorized administrator of Texas A&M Law Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A NEW #METOO RESULT: REJECTING NOTIONS OF ROMANTIC CONSENT WITH EXECUTIVES BY MICHAEL Z. GREEN* I. INTRODUCTION: #METOO AND THE GROWING DEBATE ON LEGAL CONSENT......................................... ..... 116 II. #METOO AND THE VILE USE OF POWER-DIFFERENTIAL BY EXECUTIVE HARASSERS ........................... ...... 121 III. #METOO BACKLASH AND CLAIMS OF UNCERTAINTY ABOUT WORKPLACE CONSENT ...................................... 126 A. Increasing "Unwelcome" Sexual Harassment Claims as a Result of #MeToo. ........................... ..... 126 B. Resulting Backlash Based on Consent and Unfair Process.......130 C. Dating at Work Being Unnecessarily Regulated........................135 D. Duplicitous Responses Based on Politics ......... ....... 136 E. The Aziz Ansari Experience. .......................... 139 F. Women as the Violators....................... 144 G. Much More Ado Than Should Be Due in the Workplace........... 145 IV. #METoo AND THE BACKBONE TO COME FORWARD DESPITE EXECUTIVE RETALIATION ............................... -
7-26-18 2019 Frederick Speaker Series Lineup
Media Contact: Barbara Hiller Manager of Marketing, Weinberg Center for the Arts 301-600-2868 | [email protected] FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE 2019 Frederick Speaker Series Lineup Announced FREDERICK, MD, July 26, 2018 — Entering its seventh year, the Frederick Speaker Series has developed a reputation for bringing world-class speakers to the Frederick community. The 2019 lineup includes; Pulitzer Prize winning journalist, Ronan Farrow, actress and LGBT advocate, Laverne Cox, actor and literacy advocate, Levar Burton and international bestselling author, Neil Gaiman. All series events are held at the Weinberg Center for the Arts. Tickets for all four speakers will go on sale to Weinberg Center members on Thursday, August 9 at 10:00 AM and to the general public on Thursday, August 16 at 10:00 AM. Tickets may be purchased online at weinbergcenter.org, by calling the Weinberg Center Box Office at 301-600-2828, or in person at 20 W. Patrick Street in Frederick, Maryland. For more information about becoming a Weinberg Center member and gaining early access to tickets, please visit weinbergcenter.org/support#membership. A separately-ticketed meet-and-greet reception will take place immediately following each presentation. These exclusive events provide a chance for fans to meet the speakers, take pictures, and obtain autographs. All proceeds from the meet-and-greet receptions will benefit children’s programs at Frederick County Public Libraries. Ronan Farrow | Thursday, February 28, 2019 at 7:30 PM Born in 1987 to actress Mia Farrow and filmmaker Woody Allen, Ronan Farrow achieved early notoriety as a child prodigy, skipping grades and starting college at age 11. -
A FAILURE of INITIATIVE Final Report of the Select Bipartisan Committee to Investigate the Preparation for and Response to Hurricane Katrina
A FAILURE OF INITIATIVE Final Report of the Select Bipartisan Committee to Investigate the Preparation for and Response to Hurricane Katrina U.S. House of Representatives 4 A FAILURE OF INITIATIVE A FAILURE OF INITIATIVE Final Report of the Select Bipartisan Committee to Investigate the Preparation for and Response to Hurricane Katrina Union Calendar No. 00 109th Congress Report 2nd Session 000-000 A FAILURE OF INITIATIVE Final Report of the Select Bipartisan Committee to Investigate the Preparation for and Response to Hurricane Katrina Report by the Select Bipartisan Committee to Investigate the Preparation for and Response to Hurricane Katrina Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.gpoacess.gov/congress/index.html February 15, 2006. — Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union and ordered to be printed U. S. GOVERNMEN T PRINTING OFFICE Keeping America Informed I www.gpo.gov WASHINGTON 2 0 0 6 23950 PDF For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512-1800; DC area (202) 512-1800 Fax: (202) 512-2250 Mail: Stop SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-0001 COVER PHOTO: FEMA, BACKGROUND PHOTO: NASA SELECT BIPARTISAN COMMITTEE TO INVESTIGATE THE PREPARATION FOR AND RESPONSE TO HURRICANE KATRINA TOM DAVIS, (VA) Chairman HAROLD ROGERS (KY) CHRISTOPHER SHAYS (CT) HENRY BONILLA (TX) STEVE BUYER (IN) SUE MYRICK (NC) MAC THORNBERRY (TX) KAY GRANGER (TX) CHARLES W. “CHIP” PICKERING (MS) BILL SHUSTER (PA) JEFF MILLER (FL) Members who participated at the invitation of the Select Committee CHARLIE MELANCON (LA) GENE TAYLOR (MS) WILLIAM J. -
Malley As Iran Envoy: Hawks and Progressives Spar Over Possible Nomination
Malley as Iran Envoy: Hawks and Progressives Spar over Possible Nomination Reports that Robert Malley, lead Iran negotiator under Obama, is being considered for envoy position sparks outrage from conservatives By Ali Harb Region: USA Global Research, January 28, 2021 Theme: Intelligence Middle East Eye 26 January 2021 All Global Research articles including the E-Book can be read in 27 languages by activating the “Translate Website” drop down menu on the top banner of our home page (Desktop version). *** Despite deep divisions plaguing American politics, the Republican pushback against President Joe Biden’s cabinet nominees has been relatively quiet. Days into the new administration, the Senate confirmed Biden’s secretaries of state, treasury and defence, as well as intelligence chief with bipartisan support as other nominees undergo routine hearings. A fight may be looming, however, over the potential nominationRobert of Malley, an outspoken proponent of diplomacy, as the administration’s envoy for Iran. Malley, an Obama-era diplomat, leads the International Crisis Group think tank, which focuses on preventing and resolving violent conflicts. His possible appointment has faced an early backlash from conservatives and earned the praise of advocates of the Iran nuclear deal. Sina Toossi, a senior research analyst at the National Iranian American Council (NIAC), said a well-funded and coordinated “network” of anti-Iran hawks that has been smearing advocates of diplomacy with Tehran has “drawn the line” on Malley. “Rob Malley was the Obama administration’s chief nuclear negotiator – someone has experience negotiating with the Iranians, who is an actual diplomat,” Toossi told MEE. “These attacks are part of a broader effort against diplomacy with Iran, against reversing Trump’s disastrous approach towards Iran.” Backlash The chatter, opposition and praise for Malley started last week when Jewish Insider reported that he was being considered for the position of special envoy for Iran. -
In the United States District Court for the District of Columbia
Case 1:18-cv-00479 Document 1 Filed 02/28/18 Page 1 of 11 IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA DEMOCRACY FORWARD FOUNDATION, 1333 H St. NW Washington, DC 20005, Plaintiff, Case No. v. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF STATE, 2201 C St. NW Washington, D.C. 20520, UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, 245 Murray Lane, S.W. Washington, D.C. 20528, and UNITED STATES CITIZENSHIP AND IMMIGRATION SERVICES, 111 Massachusetts Ave., NW MS 2260 Washington, DC 20529, Defendants. COMPLAINT FOR INJUNCTIVE RELIEF 1. Plaintiff Democracy Forward Foundation brings this action under the Freedom of Information Act, 5 U.S.C. § 552 (“FOIA”), against Defendants, U.S. Department of State (“DOS”), U.S. Department of Homeland Security (“DHS”), and U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (“USCIS”), to compel Defendants to produce documents in compliance with FOIA. Case 1:18-cv-00479 Document 1 Filed 02/28/18 Page 2 of 11 JURISDICTION AND VENUE 2. This Court has jurisdiction over this action pursuant to 5 U.S.C. § 552(a)(4)(B) and 28 U.S.C. § 1331. 3. Venue is proper under 5 U.S.C. § 552(a)(4)(B) and 28 U.S.C. § 1391(e). 4. Because Defendants have failed to comply with the applicable time limit provisions in FOIA, Plaintiff is deemed to have exhausted its administrative remedies pursuant to 5 U.S.C. § 552(a)(6)(C)(i). PARTIES 5. Plaintiff Democracy Forward Foundation is a not-for-profit organization incorporated under the laws of the District of Columbia, and based in Washington, D.C. -
Ronan Farrow PULITZER-WINNING B
RONAN FARROW PULITZER-WINNING b. December 19, 1987 JOURNALIST “We are grappling, as a culture, with our collective failure to … treat men and women equally …” Ronan Farrow is an American investigative journalist. In 2017 the 7,000-word story he He won a Pulitzer broke in The New Yorker was the first to expose rape and sexual assault allegations against media titan Harvey Weinstein. The revelations ignited the #MeToo movement, Prize for his reporting a global reckoning on sexual predation and abuse of power. on sexual assault Farrow was born in New York City, the son of the actress Mia Farrow and the filmmaker allegations against Woody Allen. He entered Bard College at age 11 and graduated at 15—the youngest Harvey Weinstein. student ever to do so. He earned his J.D. from Yale Law School in 2009. The same year, he joined the Obama Administration as special adviser for humanitarian and NGO affairs in Afghanistan and Pakistan. In 2011 Farrow founded the State Department’s Office of Global Youth Issues, serving under Secretary of State Hillary Clinton. He left government to pursue his doctorate at Oxford University as a Rhodes Scholar. Farrow left Oxford to pursue journalism full-time. He had been writing for major publications such as The Wall Street Journal, The LA Times and The Atlantic. For The Wall Street Journal in 2006, he was among the first to report on the role of Chinese investments in fueling the Darfur conflict. His piece helped spark a major international divestment campaign. Farrow has since worked as an investigative reporter and television commentator and has served as an anchor for MSNBC and NBC. -
Iran's Foreign and Defense Policies
Iran’s Foreign and Defense Policies Updated May 8, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R44017 SUMMARY R44017 Iran’s Foreign and Defense Policies May 8, 2019 Iran’s national security policy is the product of many overlapping and sometimes competing factors such as the ideology of Iran’s Islamic revolution, perception of threats Kenneth Katzman to the regime and to the country, long-standing national interests, and the interaction of Specialist in Middle the Iranian regime’s factions and constituencies. Iran’s leadership: Eastern Affairs x Seeks to deter or thwart U.S. or other efforts to invade or intimidate Iran or to bring about a change of regime. x Has sought to take advantage of opportunities of regional conflicts to overturn a power structure in the Middle East that it asserts favors the United States, Israel, Saudi Arabia, and other Sunni Muslim Arab regimes. x Seeks to enhance its international prestige and restore a sense of “greatness” reminiscent of ancient Persian empires. x Advances its foreign policy goals, in part by providing material support to regional allied governments and armed factions. Iranian officials characterize the support as helping the region’s “oppressed” and assert that Saudi Arabia, in particular, is instigating sectarian tensions and trying to exclude Iran from regional affairs. x Sometimes disagrees on tactics and strategies. Supreme Leader Ali Khamene’i and key hardline institutions, such as the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), oppose any compromises of Iran’s national security core goals. Iran’s elected president, Hassan Rouhani, and Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif support Iran’s integration into regional and international diplomacy. -
U.S.-Iran Tensions and Implications for U.S. Policy
U.S.-Iran Tensions and Implications for U.S. Policy Updated July 29, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45795 SUMMARY R45795 U.S.-Iran Tensions and Implications for July 29, 2019 U.S. Policy Kenneth Katzman Since May 2019, U.S.-Iran tensions have escalated. The Trump Administration, following its Specialist in Middle 2018 withdrawal from the 2015 multilateral nuclear agreement with Iran (Joint Comprehensive Eastern Affairs Plan of Action, JCPOA), has taken several steps in its campaign of applying “maximum pressure” on Iran. Iran and Iran-linked forces have targeted commercial ships and infrastructure Kathleen J. McInnis in U.S. partner countries. U.S. officials have stated that Iran-linked threats to U.S. forces and Specialist in International interests, and attacks on several commercial ships in May and June 2019, have prompted the Security Administration to send additional military assets to the region to deter future Iranian actions. However, Iran’s downing of a U.S. unmanned aerial aircraft might indicate that Iran has not been deterred, to date. Clayton Thomas Analyst in Middle Eastern President Donald Trump has said he prefers a diplomatic solution over moving toward military Affairs confrontation, including a revised JCPOA that encompasses not only nuclear issues but also broader U.S. concerns about Iran’s support for regional armed factions. During May-June 2019, the Administration has placed further pressure on Iran’s economy. By expanding U.S. sanctions against Iran, including sanctioning its mineral and petrochemical exports, and Supreme Leader Ali Khamene’i. Iranian leaders have refused to talk directly with the Administration, and Iran has begun to exceed some nuclear limitations stipulated in the JCPOA. -
Iran Case File (April 2019)
IRAN CASE FILE July 2020 RASANAH International Institute for Iranian Studies, Al-Takhassusi St. Sahafah, Riyadh Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. P.O. Box: 12275 | Zip code: 11473 Contact us [email protected] +966112166696 The Executive Summary .............................................................4 Internal Affairs .........................................................................7 The Ideological File ......................................................................... 8 I. Supporters of Velayat-e Faqih and the Call to End the US Presence in Iraq .......................................................................... 8 II. Coronavirus Amid Muharram Gatherings in Najaf ............................ 9 The Political File ............................................................................12 I. The Bill to Hold Rouhani Accountable and the Conservatives’ Call for Him to Be Deposed .......................................12 II. The Supreme Leader Saves Rouhani From Interrogation and Rejects His Ouster .....................................................13 The Economic File ..........................................................................16 I. History of Economic Relations Between Iran and China .....................16 II. The Nature and Provisions of the 25-year Partnership Agreement ..... 17 III. Prospects of the Long Term Iranian-Chinese Partnership .................18 The Military File............................................................................ 20 Arab Affairs ............................................................................25