DEWPOINT and VAPOR PRESSURE DEFICIT EQUATIONS from Tetens

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DEWPOINT AND VAPOR PRESSURE DEFICIT EQUATIONS From Tetens Formula, the relation between temperature and the partial pressure of water vapor: e(millibars) = 6.1078 exp( (17.269*T) / (237.3+T) ) where, e is saturated vapor pressure in millibars T is temperature in degrees C and the equation for relative humidity: Rh=(ea/es)*100 where, ea is the actual vapor pressure or vapor pressure at dewpoint temperature es is the saturation vapor pressure or vapor pressure at air temperature it can be shown that: Dew point temperature = Tdew = (237.3*X) / (17.269‐X) where X=ln(Rh/100)+((17.269*Tair)/(237.3+Tair)), and Tair is air temperature Tdew is dew point temperature And, Vapor Pressure Deficit = es‐ea = es‐(Rh*es/100) at any instant. ******************************** DEFINITIONS: SATURATION VAPOR PRESSURE: water evaporating and condensing through the air‐water interface yields zero net transport. Ideal gas law to sat vap pr: e = pRT e=vapor pressure in millibars p=vapor density in mass/unit volume (g/cubic meter) T=absolute temperature (degrees Kelvin) R=vapor gas constant If we use the universal gas constant for R, the formula becomes e = 1.61pRT which becomes p = 0.622e/RT This is known as VAPOR DENSITY or ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY of the atmosphere. RELATIVE HUMIDITY is the ratio of the vapor density (or pressure) to the saturation vapor density (or pressure) at the same temperature. ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ APPROXIMATIONS: For saturated vapor pressure in temperature range 25‐55 deg Fahrenheit: e == 6.11 + 0.339(D‐32) e = sat vap pr in millibars D = dew point temperature in Fahrenheit For saturated vapor pressure in temperature range 25‐55 deg Fahrenheit: e == 0.18 + 0.01(D‐32) e = sat vap pr in inches of mercury D = dew point temperature in Fahrenheit Relative humidity can be approximated from air and dew point by rh = 100 ((112 ‐ 0.1T + D) / 112 + 0.9T)**8 T = temperature D = dew point (Range of valid temperatures is unknown). Dew point can be approximated in temp range ‐40 to 50 deg C by T ‐ D = (14.55+0.114T)*x + ((2.5+0.007T)*x)**3 + ((15.9+0.117T)*x)**14 T = temperature D = dewpt x = complement of relative humidity in decimal form, ie. x = 1.0 ‐ (rh/100) .

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