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ANNUAL REVIEW 2015–16

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Tim Peake is announced as ESA astronaut at the Science Museum, 2013 Dara Ó Briain, Brian Cox and Chris Hadfield host the Principia liftoff on live TV, 2015 Live from space, Tim gives a thumbs-up to our museum visitors When 3000 schoolchildren counted down to launch Tim Peake’s mission in the Science Museum last December the noise, observed the BBC’s science editor on TV, was ‘louder than a Soyuz at full I saw the wonderful pictures throttle’. It was one of our biggest ever public events, from the Science Museum in attracting 11,000 visitors throughout the 12-hour day. London and thought that was incredible, Former Apache helicopter pilot Tim Peake’s mission absolutely phenomenal support had begun three years earlier when Science Museum TIM PEAKE SPEAKING LIVE IN SPACE Trustee David Willetts, then science minister, overturned the space policy that arose from what he called the misconceived British belief that human space flight ‘is an expensive luxury’. This paved the way to a press conference in the museum in May 2013 when Peake was unveiled as the ‘first official British astronaut’ for the European Space Agency, selected from 8000 candidates, on ‘a momentous day’, as the prime minister put it.

Peake returned to the museum last November to announce the countdown. ‘It’s a huge privilege to sit here,’ he said, adding that he hoped some of the children inspired by his Principia mission would be among the first people on Mars.

As Peake was subsequently launched from Baikonur in Kazakhstan, 3.8 million viewers looked on as BBC Stargazing Live was presented from the museum by Brian Cox and Dara Ó Briain (and later nominated for a BAFTA). In all, 11,000 people celebrated at the museum that day, including the director general of the BBC Tony Hall; science minister Jo Johnson; plus four cosmonauts and astronauts – Russia’s Alexei Leonov, Britain’s Helen Sharman, Denmark’s Andreas Mogensen and Canada’s Chris Hadfield.

Leonov, the first spacewalker, remarked on how many in the museum had been moved to cry with joy, just as the Soviet people were when Yuri Gagarin inaugurated human space flight in April 1961. And during his first press conference from space, Peake said: ‘I saw the wonderful pictures from the Science Museum in London and thought that was incredible, absolutely spectacular and phenomenal support.’

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OUR FIVE WORLD-BEATING MUSEUMS I’m thrilled we’re breaking Science Museum, London (SM) records yet again in National Railway Museum, York (NRM) Manchester, Bradford, York and Museum of Science and Industry, Manchester (MSI) National Media Museum, Bradford (NMeM) Shildon. In London the Science National Railway Museum, Shildon (NRM) Museum recorded its highest recorded attendances in its history SUPPORT OUR MUSEUMS IAN BLATCHFORD Visit sciencemuseum.org.uk/donate or for DIRECTOR, SCIENCE MUSEUM GROUP corporate membership and patrons see page 57

Museums can d​rive economic growth, as well as inspire and enrich lives, so it’s great to see the National Railway Museum is at the cultural heart of this exciting regeneration proposal in York TO MARS THE RT HON. JOHN WHITTINGDALE SECRETARY OF STATE, DEPARTMENT FOR CULTURE, MEDIA AND SPORT AND BEYOND!

SMG ANNUAL REVIEW 2015–16 Building a brand new gallery Our critically acclaimed Cosmonauts © 2016 The Board of Trustees of the Science Museum exhibition, visited by 140,000 people, saw for contemporary science in the spiritual and the actual collide in the Edited by David Johnson Manchester’s Museum of Science with generous input from staff at SMG final gallery. There, a ‘golden man’ rested and Industry is a fantastic way and its many bloggers in the neon-blue space adorned with the of showing how much the city founding father of rocketry Konstantin Designed by Steve Lancefield Tsiolkovsky’s most famous quotation: continues to contribute to science Project managers, Sinead Carroll and Sasha Unsworth ‘Earth is the cradle of humanity, but one SIR RICHARD LEESE cannot live in a cradle for ever.’ LEADER OF MANCHESTER CITY COUNCIL Copy editor, Lawrence Ahlemeyer The Russians had sent this life-size, Main photography from group resources: gold-painted, tissue-equivalent phantom Museum of Science and Industry National Media Museum mannequin to the far side of the Moon By 2021 we will have invested National Railway Museum/Pictorial Collection to test for radiation, and the Science Science & Society Picture Library Museum team spotted it lying forlornly £7.5 million in world-class Science Museum Library & Archives on the floor of a Moscow polytechnic Science Museum Photographic Studio galleries and bold events to ensure museum. Senior curator Doug Millard Daily Herald Archive/National Media Museum the National Media Museum says: ‘I knelt down to read the label and remains Bradford’s leading With thanks for additional photographs by: I was absolutely astonished that we were Tim Anderson, Charlotte Arliss, Kasim Asim, Ed Bartholomew, looking at something that had flown cultural attraction BBC Television, Peter Byrne (Press Association), K Campbell- in space.’ In our blue room the face of Payne, Dan Clarkson, Craig Connor (North News and Pictures), LORD GRADE Richard Doughty, Benjamin Ealovega, Chris Foster, Government Art the mannequin, that of the first man SMG TRUSTEE AND CHAIR, NATIONAL MEDIA MUSEUM ADVISORY BOARD Collection, Jennie Hills, Stephen Iles, David Johnson, Leo Johnson, in space, Yuri Gagarin, gazed upwards Paul Kingston (North News), Christina Korp, Philippe Levy, Jason towards a red light – the ‘cosmist’ Lock, Barry Macdonald, Andreas Mogensen, Roscosmos, Duncan dream destination of Mars. Soar, Paul Thompson, Wellcome Images, Virgin Trains East Coast, Kira Zumkley The Science Museum always Printed by Go Agency, using sustainable paper – Cocoon Silk 100, fascinated me and I think that which is produced from 100% post-consumer recycled, FSC really helped me make my career certified pulp. Less energy and water are consumed and fewer

CO2 emissions are produced during manufacturing, compared and educational choices with the production of virgin fibre paper. FSC recycled certification, TIM PEAKE NAPM 100% recycled certification, ISO 14001, Process Chlorine FIRST BRITISH ESA ASTRONAUT Free (PCF) and PAS 2020:2009 Level 3.

Cover image­ – The Science Museum’s heroine on its poster for the blockbuster exhibition Cosmonauts: Birth of the Space Age. Modelled on Mother Russia depicted by the Soviet artist Irakli Toidze in his poster In the Name of Peace (1959), which was published soon after the Soviet Union had launched the first satellite, Sputnik, and the dog Laika into Earth orbit, triggering a competitive ‘space race’ between the USA and USSR. The original poster was on loan from The Memorial Museum of Cosmonautics 1

CONTENTS SMG ANNUAL REVIEW 2015–16 Cosmonauts is both a record and an example The increase in visitors to the Science Museum of the importance of soft power and cultural Group’s museums shows the public has a real relations in maintaining dialogue between peoples appetite for knowledge and innovation, which bodes at times of heightened political tensions well for culture and the economy

ALEXANDRA SMIRNOVA CO-CURATOR ON COSMONAUTS SIR VENKI RAMAKRISHNAN NOBELIST PRESIDENT OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY

HIGHLIGHTS ON OTHER PAGES APPENDIX 6 SMG is the place to be Our five museums in profile 4 Joint welcome from SMG chair and director 8 Funds to rehouse Blythe House store 54 SMG financial summary and visit numbers A spectacular year for quality and impact 9 Thought leadership role for railways 56 Our generous supporters and how to give 10 Cosmonauts blockbuster breaks records 22 Leonardo full of surprises 58 Who’s who behind our family of museums 16 York welcomes Scotsman back in steam 24 Growing loyalty among partners 59 Science Museum (SM), London 18 Moving up a gear in Manchester 34 Widescreen festival reveals secrets 60 National Railway Museum (NRM), York and Shildon 20 Dramatic new improvements in Bradford 35 Manchester’s cutting-edge festival 61 Museum of Science and Industry (MSI), Manchester 36 A stream of digital initiatives 62 National Media Museum (NMeM), Bradford 26 Special section on SMG Learning 42 Breaking ground in photography 63 Science Museum at Wroughton and Blythe House Driving career aspirations in STEM 43 New broom peps up Shildon 38 A sparkling venue for scholars to meet 48 Entrepreneurial treat for gamers Back cover Flying Scotsman reborn 44 Uniting the group’s care for collections 50 Science Museum celebrates greats Inside front Tim Peake’s space adventure 52 Introducing the expert volunteer 64 What we lent out Inside back How we acquire and why

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Opposite: Dame Mary Archer and Ian Blatchford in the Ada Lovelace exhibition, The Science Museum Group is before Margaret Carpenter’s 1836 portrait of Lord Byron’s daughter who anticipated now a beacon of British culture. the computer age I hope the message is widely Below this: The late Dame Zaha Hadid before her own concept for the Mathematics circulated and understood gallery which opens later this year at the Science Museum SIR CRISPIN TICKELL DIPLOMAT, ENVIRONMENTALIST, ACADEMIC

BLASTOFF FOR BRAVURA, QUALITY AND FUN SMG chairman Mary Archer and group director Ian Blatchford survey the dynamism across this alliance of national museums, which is reaching more people than ever and restoring science to the heart of culture

It has been a remarkable year for the The numbers were impressive too. toughest negotiations and research, The government went even further by chosen the National Railway Museum as Science Museum Group and this Review Total visits across the group exceeded the Science Museum really would be announcing a £150 million investment in the venue for the launch of the National celebrates the exhibitions, gallery 5.5 million and more than 600,000 opening its ground-breaking rehousing the collections of our group, as Infrastructure Commission. developments, acquisitions, education people came in educational groups. It Cosmonauts exhibition on the birth of well as those of the British Museum and projects and research achievements that was exciting to see the Science Museum the space age. It was a world-class Victoria and Albert Museum. This means The third moment was the noisiest: played their part in making it so. For us, reach the highest recorded attendance collaboration with landmark objects that we can move collections from Blythe being engulfed by 3000 schoolchildren, the quality and strategic impact count as in its history, while the public responded that had never been seen outside House in London to a state-of-the-art and a large broadcasting team from the much as volume, and the past year saw to the greater science focus at the Russia, and was greeted with critical home at Wroughton in Wiltshire. Both the BBC, to watch Tim Peake’s launch on us both break new ground and reach National Media Museum with an acclaim and record audiences. stability of our revenue funding and this his Principia journey to the International more people. 11% increase in attendance. major capital grant were secured in the Space Station. Our mission to inspire felt There can be little doubt that this kind context of tough public spending choices. very powerful indeed when surrounded We tested new kinds of events, from pop- Within these 12 months of intense activity of bold, internationally minded thinking by boys and girls from the most diverse up interactive festivals at the Museum of we feel that three exceptional moments was one of the compelling reasons The second defining moment was the backgrounds, all counting down live on Science and Industry in Manchester, to were both wonderful in their own right why the government acknowledged pleasure of steaming out of King’s national television as the rocket engines thought leadership debates at the National and stand out as broader metaphors for the importance of national museums Cross station on the inaugural run of the fired up. We were joined that day by the Railway Museum, and interactive style and aspiration. through a flat cash settlement in the restored Flying Scotsman, with a mixture first man to walk in space, cosmonaut which opens at the Science Museum festivals at the National Media Museum. 2015 Comprehensive Spending Review. of relief and joy. The refurbishment of Alexei Leonov. He made the touching in December, have blazed a trail for an Our museums in Manchester and York First we recall standing late one night We have long argued that sustaining the world’s most famous locomotive has remark that it was so wonderful to see imaginative approach to presenting lie at the heart of civic developments, in the Science Museum watching, with public investment in our group achieves been protracted and costly, but as we all these young people so proud of their maths as central to the rhythm of our emphasising our crucial role in urban astonishment and anxiety, as Vostok 6, remarkable benefits by inspiring watched the thousands of people waving fellow countryman. lives. A maths graduate before she regeneration and the cultural life of the capsule that made Valentina hundreds of thousands of young people and cheering every mile from London embarked on architecture, and a potent great cities. The opening of the new Dana Tereshkova the first woman in space, and their families. We are doing our to York, it was clear that this locomotive At the time of writing our buoyant mood role model for many, Dame Zaha exuded Research Centre and Library in London was craned with exquisite care into the utmost too to raise the profile of British commands a special place in national was tempered by the untimely death restlessness, ambition, determination also provided tangible evidence of our building. It was the happy realisation science and engineering, and place affection. And we were delighted that the of Dame Zaha Hadid. Her glorious and fun. We hope that this Annual Review commitment to excellence in scholarship. that after almost five years of the science at the heart of culture. chancellor of the exchequer should have design for our new Mathematics gallery, conveys something of that spirit too.

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1 China’s deputy prime minister Madame Peng makes a state visit to the Museum of Science and Industry where director Sally MacDonald and Manchester’s lord mayor Paul Murphy show SMG IS THE her weaving in action in the Textiles gallery 2 Chancellor George Osborne and entrepreneur James Dyson meeting Imperial College undergraduates who will work in the Science PLACE TO BE Museum’s former Post Office Building, now the Dyson School of Engineering Our museums again 3 Formula 1 driver Jenson Button visits the Science Museum’s Flight gallery to launch the prove to be magnets for Santander Cycles Summer of Cycling competition distinguished guests, 4 Dame Anne Glover, former chief scientific adviser from China’s first lady to to the president of the European Commission, delivers the keynote speech at the Science England’s chief medical Museum director’s annual dinner in 2015 officer, Jenson Button 5 Musical VIPs visit the Cosmonauts exhibition (left to right): Alexandra Smirnova (curator), and Valery Gergiev Ian Blatchford (director, SMG), Valery Gergiev (conductor and general director of St 1 Petersburg’s Mariinsky Theatre), Peter Charow (vice-president Russia, BP), Caroline González- Pintado (CEO of the Mariinsky)

6 Chief medical officer for England Professor Dame Sally Davies joins a Cravings discussion Above: Buzz Aldrin on his way to the Science with Roger Highfield, psychologist Charles Museum with Brian Cox and Roger Highfield, Spence and chef Jozef Youssef director of external affairs 7 Pop culturalist Sir Christopher Frayling with special effects guru Douglas Trumbull who gave the keynote speech at the National Media I really enjoyed my Museum’s Widescreen Weekend

conversation with 8 As sponsors of the new Mathematics gallery, Prof Brian Cox today at MathWorks stakeholders enjoy a behind-the- scenes tour of the Science Museum and meet Science Museum. Hey – curator David Rooney, third from right

let’s do it again some time! 9 In Professor Roger Kneebone’s Time Travelling THEREALBUZZ BUZZ ALDRIN, ASTRONAUT Operating Theatre, Alex Cope (left) and Laura 2 3 Coates were among a dozen distinguished surgeons simulating operations at Science Museum education events

10 At the Science Museum’s Kraszna-Krausz exhibition and Book Awards 2015 reception, philanthropist Michael G Wilson meets David Goldblatt (Fellowship award winner) and legendary newspaper editor Sir Harold Evans (Outstanding Contribution award winner)

11 Television traveller Michael Portillo enjoys Flying Scotsman’s inaugural run from London to York in February

12 Paul Kirkman, NRM director, shows Rachael 5 Maskell, MP for York Central, over his museum

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The renaissance in modern rail was once again the focus as locomotive legends of British engineering in the museum’s Great Hall provided a fitting backdrop FINDING A HOME FOR 320,000 OBJECTS RAIL’S RENAISSANCE IN THE to the chancellor’s launch of the new National Infrastructure Commission also in October. One of its first priorities NORTHERN POWERHOUSE will be to oversee infrastructure improvements to connect northern cities.

The National Railway Museum cemented and no city big enough to counter the Labour peer Lord Adonis, who will chair its place at the heart of the debate about gravitational pull of London. Unless, that the new commission, said at another what role rail can play in creating the is, you start thinking about the stretch NRM event: ‘Without big improvements to government’s Northern Powerhouse, a of northern cities from Lancashire into its transport and energy systems, Britain vision launched by the chancellor George Yorkshire as a single entity – the will grind to a halt. We will provide firm Osborne at the Museum of Science and Northern Powerhouse. recommendations on major projects, Industry in June 2015. strategic direction and investment.’ The expert panel brought together insights In a special Thought Leadership event in from close to home with international VIEW THIS http://tinyurl.com/jzb2fko October, 50 invited guests from the rail perspectives from the Netherlands and industry and beyond joined a discussion Germany, where there is a longer history which the host, BBC Newsnight anchor of joining up regions without an obvious Evan Davis, described as ‘an evening single central city. David Hoggarth, of many ideas vigorously debated’. The newly appointed director of Rail North, evening focused on how we can deliver highlighted the vital importance of Below: Speakers at the Thought Leadership event included Martin Husmann of Verkehrsverbund Rhein- modern connectivity in a region with connectivity offered by potential new Ruhr, Joost Ravoo of Netherlands Rail and David largely 19th-century infrastructure northern and trans-Pennine rail services. Hoggarth of Rail North, with Evan Davis in the chair

The chancellor’s spending review last We know that only a portion of our December not only signalled a flat cash collections will ever be displayed at any settlement for the Science Museum one time. But we can reach more people The outcome will Group but an additional major strategic if our stored collections are better known be of real benefit for investment that has far-reaching and can be accessed in many different the public, our collections consequences ­– namely, a share of the ways, including large-scale digitisation. and the group £150 million earmarked for ourselves, the V&A and the British Museum to find The timing could not be better. Jack Kirby KAREN LIVINGSTONE DIRECTOR OF MASTERPLAN AND ESTATES alternatives to storing objects at Blythe from the Museum of Science and Industry House in west London. was already leading a significant review into how we register and care for the It is a credit to the case made by all our As a storage facility it belongs in the last collection – from a group perspective museums that at a time of widespread century and is in a state of poor repair. rather than as individual museums – which reductions in public funding we are in any case demands modernisation of our embarking on serious investment in SMG will benefit from £40 million which storage facilities in Wroughton [see page Wroughton in order to support our wider – with some additional fundraising – 44]. And SMG digital director John Stack ambitions as the world’s biggest group will put us in a strong position both has recently completed a strategy for of science museums. to improve care for our world-class increasing online access to our collections collections at Wroughton, the former for a global audience. The digitisation of airfield in Wiltshire, and to build a new key items among about 320,000 small Above: PhD candidate Rachel Boon leads a behind- the-scenes tour of Blythe House for corporate model for storage that is appropriate, objects moving from Blythe House will members of the museum. On the table, Robert sustainable and accessible. give a huge impetus to this task. Hooke type compound microscope (17th century)

8 9 RETURN TO CONTENTS PAGE COSMONAUTS FALL TO EARTH IN LONDON The most remarkable exhibition in the Science Museum’s history revealed space hardware never before seen in public – and the fortitude that ensured the first person to explore space was a Russian

Four years in the making, Cosmonauts: architect of the Soviet space programme, Birth of the Space Age was quite simply Sergei Korolev, and the astonishing a blockbuster like no other exhibition in influence of the cosmist movement and I think you will leave the Science Museum’s illustrious history. early innovators such as Konstantin the Cosmonauts It quickly became a destination for Tsiolkovsky. exhibition with a different pioneering cosmonauts and astronauts view of humanity’s place led by Valentina Tereshkova, Alexei The Science Museum’s team also Leonov and Buzz Aldrin. Their glowing had to overcome significant logistical in the cosmos reviews were matched by the responses challenges during the tortuous journey PROFESSOR BRIAN COX PHYSICIST, TV PRESENTER from the diverse and knowledgeable taken by the largest objects. The majestic audience of 140,000 who visited during LK3 lunar lander, for example, had to the six-month run. The critics were won be dismantled then transported by road western world. Addressing the multiple over too: ‘colossal’, said the Telegraph; from Moscow to Helsinki, by sea to challenges involved – legal, political and ‘triumph against all the odds’, said the the UK and painstakingly manoeuvred security, among others – it reveals the Independent; ‘gripping’, said the Observer; through the museum and hoisted up importance of many of the space objects while Nature talked of being ‘uplifted, to the first floor to be reassembled by themselves as well as demonstrating transported, taken out of this world’. rigging experts and Russian engineers. how the Science Museum has helped to maintain a dialogue with Russia even A tour de force such as Cosmonauts can SMG director Ian Blatchford, who was during the most testing times.’ be achieved only through vision and recently awarded the Pushkin medal, determination, along with enormous Russia’s highest cultural honour for a VIEW THIS blog.sciencemuseum.org.uk/ support from an array of partners and foreign citizen, says that there is a wider from-moscow-to-the-museum an army of volunteers. message, one about the central role of museums in international diplomacy: First came the foresight to assemble ‘The experience of working with Russia’s the most remarkable and monumental cultural, industrial and political sectors collection of Russian spacecraft and has contributed not only to the loan of Opposite: The LK3 lunar lander, one of the artefacts ever to be seen outside Russia material of historic significance to the showpieces of Cosmonauts since its Sputnik satellite triggered Science Museum’s exhibition, but more This page: Conservator Emily Yates preparing a Sputnik for display… Vostok 6 arrives at the Science the space race in 1957. Then came the broadly changes perceptions about Museum... Model of the 1958 Sputnik-3 satellite, conviction to describe the dream of the Russia and its space programme in the which some say inspired the television Daleks CONTINUED 10 11 RETURN TO CONTENTS PAGE

We’ve been struck by the number of AN EPIC INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION Russians who’ve been coming, including many who have made the journey from Russia

DOUG MILLARD SENIOR CURATOR OF COSMONAUTS

It took years of shuttle diplomacy by The leadership of deputy prime Significant and thoughtful support and celebrated with a series of events, merchandise the museum has ever SMG director Ian Blatchford and the minister Olga Golodets proved Key organisations provided funding for including a concert by Public Service produced generated three times as Science Museum team, under the expert essential, as was the assistance I believe these stories Cosmonauts, including BP, Art Russe and Broadcasting, interview with Oscar much profit as forecast. guidance of senior curator Doug Millard, of Russian ambassador in the UK will inspire a new the Blavatnik Family Foundation. From winner Alfonso Cuarón, space comedy to identify and secure the remarkable Alexander Yakovenko and his colleague generation to take steps the outset, BP, the exhibition’s principal with Robin Ince, Q&A between Buzz Mystical undertow spacecraft, equipment and artefacts Mikhail Shvydkoy, special envoy of the towards the further sponsor, was wholly encouraging and Aldrin and Brian Cox, and a Royal Society Key exhibits on show in London had for the Cosmonauts exhibition. The LK3 president of the Russian Federation for demonstrated its ongoing belief in public event featuring Helen Sharman never been seen by Russian citizens and lunar lander, an official secret in Russia, international cultural cooperation with development of humanity the importance of increasing public and Lord Rees. some had been declassified so that they even had to be declassified. the ministry of foreign affairs. OLGA GOLODETS DEPUTY PRIME MINISTER OF THE engagement with science and technology. could travel. Many more revealed the RUSSIAN FEDERATION To underline the exhibition’s significance, In a dedicated Cosmonauts shop, the extraordinary roots of space exploration Blatchford and Russian curator Natalia it was sponsored by The Times newspaper most successful range of exhibition in 19th-century Russia. Senior curator Sidlina explained in the Science Museum Doug Millard said: ‘We wanted this Group Journal: ‘The curators had to exhibition to be more than a parade venture well beyond the museum of technology, a far broader cultural sector and private collections. The treatment. For example, many Russians content team found itself in uncharted saw space in terms of philosopher Nikolai territory in its search for original Fedorov’s mystical idea of “cosmism”, space equipment. The sealed doors of which envisaged man’s resurrection and laboratories at technical universities, ancestral revival through the medium studios of forgotten artists and of space.’ warehouses of classified enterprises had to open to enable them to identify and negotiate prospective loans.’

The enterprise demanded strong Clockwise: Michael Bird, director of British collaboration between the Science Council Russia, Ian Blatchford and Russian Museum, the State Museum Exhibition This page: Valentina Tereshkova opens Cosmonauts ministers Dmitry Livanov and Veniamin Kaganov... – left to right, Russian ambassador Alexander Cosmonaut Alexei Leonov generously promoted Centre ROSIZO and the Federal Yakovenko, Ian Blatchford, Dame Mary Archer, the exhibition, here interviewed by Ian Blatchford… Space Agency in Russia, Roscosmos, Russian deputy PM Olga Golodets, UK ambassador Sergei Krikalev with senior curator Doug Millard... to the Russian Federation Sir Tim Barrow and BP Ian Blatchford receives the Pushkin medal from embracing 24 crucial partners and chief executive Bob Dudley... Russian ambassador president Vladimir Putin... Dame Mary Archer 18 different lenders. celebrates Cosmonauts at an embassy reception shows VIP guests a Soyuz capsule CONTINUED 12 13 RETURN TO CONTENTS PAGE

The who’s who of space explorers If you and I went into space together, this would be drawn to our Cosmonauts exhibition the best proof of British–Russian cooperation Buzz Aldrin OUR GALAXY OF COSMONAUTS Charlie Bolden VALENTINA TERESHKOVA TO SMG DIRECTOR IAN BLATCHFORD Chris Hadfield Claudie Haigneré Don Johnson Sergei Krikalev Aleksandr Lazutkin Alexei Leonov Andreas Mogensen Tim Peake Helen Sharman Valentina Tereshkova

Over the past year our IMAX auditorium visitor to the exhibition has a special was the place to be for space fans of all personal reason for being there. ages, and tickets sold out in record time Russians of a certain age have a tear to hear from an extraordinary array of in their eye as they contemplate their distinguished space pioneers including past. This is an experience I shall Alexei Leonov, Valentina Tereshkova, never forget.’ Buzz Aldrin, Chris Hadfield, Aleksandr Lazutkin, Helen Sharman, Sergei Our visitors were equally impressed: Krikalev and Claudie Haigneré. ‘The volunteers are so knowledgeable and helpful’ (Elaine King)... ‘A wonderful Cosmonaut Leonov, twice Hero of the volunteer called Sheila brought the Soviet Union and the first man to walk exhibition alive for our children. She in space, joined us to announce the was patient and informative and truly forthcoming Cosmonauts exhibition to inspired our 7-year-old son’ (visitor the UK press, and then, with the help via feedback form)... ‘The volunteers of chalk and blackboard, gave a vivid were amazing – passionate and able to personal account of his first spacewalk the first civilian and still the only woman Volunteers surprise with expertise convey their knowledge to a wide range to a spellbound audience. Afterwards, ever to have flown a solo mission. At the A volunteer team of 114 people gave their of audiences’ (via feedback form). One of Stephen Hawking and the chairman of official press preview the charismatic Dr This exhibition has got support to the Cosmonauts exhibition, those who rang to express their delight the board of trustees, Dame Mary Archer, Tereshkova wowed the gathered press to be a blockbuster, contributing 5833 hours of their time as with the volunteers was Andy Green, presented Leonov with an honorary with her humour and stories from her this is going to be a once- guides roving the gallery. Some were world land speed record-holder. fellowship of the Science Museum. In historic mission. She also asked to be in-a-lifetime experience retired professionals within relevant return, Leonov presented Professor launched into space with the director, disciplines such as physics, medicine An experiment for volunteers – page 52 Hawking with a portrait he had sketched Ian Blatchford, and was reunited with HELEN SHARMAN BRITISH COSMONAUT or teaching, who often spontaneously SPEAKING AT THE EXHIBITION OPENING of him that day. Vostok 6, the actual 2.6-tonne spacecraft addressed a circle of visitors. Some Clockwise: Sergei Krikalev at the Cosmonauts press launch… Tim Peake eagerly helped promote that carried her into and back from orbit compiled research during the exhibition the exhibition... Likewise, NASA administrator Our distinguished guest of honour at in 1963. She called it: ‘My lovely one, my Clockwise: Alexei Leonov presents Stephen Hawking – a copy of which we have sent to our Charlie Bolden gave a lecture, Danish astronaut with a portrait he had drawn... Valentina Tereshkova Andreas Mogensen tweeted a selfie and British the exhibition’s opening was Valentina best and most beautiful friend, my best during her talk to the IMAX audience… Buzz Aldrin partners in Moscow. One volunteer, astronaut Helen Sharman met legions of young Tereshkova, the first woman in space, and most beautiful man.’ demonstrates gravity at the Science Museum Stephen, reported: ‘It seems that each space enthusiasts

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Clockwise: Virgin Trains East Coast managing director David Horne and NRM director Paul Kirkman unveil the new name for locomotive 43238… George Osborne visiting NRM to launch The National Railway Museum is a Yorkshire the National Infrastructure Commission... Ian Giles as George Stephenson in In Fog and Falling Snow... treasure and its ambitious expansion plans Playing Trains features work by illustrator Sam Usher... Destination Stations exhibition... would make it the best museum of its kind The NRM’s annual dinner in Station Hall SIR GARY VERITY CHIEF EXECUTIVE, WELCOME TO YORKSHIRE Beneath: Vintage still from York’s Aesthetica Short Films Festival

40 YEARS AS ONE OF YORK’S STAR ATTRACTIONS The National Railway Museum celebrates a milestone in our heritage and unveils bold new plans

The nation has delighted in the return to steam of Flying Scotsman, but National Railway Museum director Paul Kirkman is equally proud of the museum’s other achievements over the past year as it celebrated its 40th birthday. ‘While Years 1975–2015. David Horne said: ‘It Scotsman is undeniably special, the seemed only fitting that we dedicate one teams here in York and in Shildon have of our locomotives to mark four decades grown our audiences in many wonderfully of this amazing national institution.’ diverse ways in 2015,’ he says. Looking to the future, the potential The award-winning collaboration transformation of York’s biggest between the museum and York Theatre brownfield site offers the greatest Royal breathed life into railway stories opportunity for the museum since that for new audiences, from the iconic 1975 opening. The area, known as York childhood favourite The Railway Children Central and already dubbed the future to the forgotten rags-to-riches story ‘King’s Cross of the North’, was awarded of York’s ‘Railway King’ in In Fog and month one of Eurostar’s iconic first- Enterprise Zone status in the chancellor’s Falling Snow. The versatility of the treasures from key lenders to track the In July the York museum opened its generation trains was also unveiled, autumn statement and plans for its museum’s art gallery helped boost architectural development of Britain’s improved Miniature Railway Ride. Bigger along with a display celebrating a new redevelopment were put to a public this year’s temporary exhibitions. For railway stations over time. Highlights and better than before, the new ride chapter of contemporary railway history. consultation in January 2016. Kirkman Playing Trains it became a play space included never-before-exhibited takes visitors past railway objects in the says: ‘York Central is the most important where children explored railways big architectural plans such as London re-landscaped South Yard. Our eager To celebrate its 40th birthday, the thing to happen to the museum yet. It has and small. With Destination Stations, Bridge, Euston and Glasgow Central volunteers have had a huge role in its museum joined forces with Virgin the potential to deliver a new city centre dramatic lighting and design captured from Network Rail’s archives, alongside success, giving rides to 50,000 people Trains East Coast. Before an audience and a transformed National Railway the impact of Britain’s most a stunning model of the award-winning since it reopened. In October the Great of supporters at York station, managing Museum would be its cultural heart.’ recognisable rail landmarks. redesigned London King’s Cross from Hall was plunged into darkness as its director David Horne and Paul Kirkman architects John McAslan + Partners, famous engines took centre stage, recognised 40 years of Britain’s national Shildon’s highlights – page 43 Destination Stations juxtaposed striking and fascinating plans of Waterloo transformed by lighting for Locos in railway history showcased in the North images and artefacts from the museum’s (Grimshaw Architects) and Newcastle a Different Light as part of the annual by unveiling a newly named locomotive, VIEW THIS world-class collection with rarely seen Central (Ryder Architecture). Illuminating York festival. In the same No. 43238 National Railway Museum 40 blog.nrm.org.uk/gresley-overhaul-2

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The MSI has long championed the creativity of science, consistently putting on events that inspire

SIMON CHAPLIN DIRECTOR OF CULTURE & SOCIETY, WELLCOME TRUST

graphene to encapsulate the museum’s heritage and contemporary purpose.

Highlights have included the museum’s exhibition, The Innovation Race: Manchester’s Makers Join the World. The museum won the Lever Prize – awarded by the North West Business Leadership Team – for a collaboration with Liverpool’s FACT (Foundation for Art and Creative Technology), exploring the interaction between art and science; and also triumphed at the Manchester Evening News’s City Life Awards, winning the Best Event category for the Manchester Science Festival’s adult ball pool.

Behind the scenes, the first major element of the museum’s Masterplan – a new special exhibition gallery – is ‘This is the year we moved up a gear now almost fully funded, thanks to in Manchester,’ said SMG chairman significant investment of £1.8 million Dame Mary Archer, ‘with the Museum of from the Wellcome Trust. The investment MANCHESTER GROWS IN Science and Industry reasserting itself was welcomed by the leader of as an internationally significant museum Manchester City Council, Sir Richard with a serious purpose. Given the scale Leese, as ‘a coup for both the museum INTERNATIONAL INFLUENCE of our ambition, visitors can expect to and the city’. He added: ‘Building a new the city has contributed, and continues The museum has appointed award- see fresh fruits of the team’s work over gallery for contemporary science in the to contribute, to science nationally and winning architects Carmody Groarke to many years.’ vaults of one of the most important and globally. This new gallery will further design this landmark exhibition space, historic buildings in Manchester is such enhance our reputation for putting which will open in late 2018. As director Sally MacDonald enters a fantastic way of showing how much science at the heart of our cultural life.’ her second year at the helm, she So with big plans and a growing audience, is pleased to note that annual visit the future is looking bright for a museum numbers exceeded 700,000, boosted firmly rooted at the heart of the Northern by increases in both general visits and Powerhouse. school bookings. But her sights are set on the future: ‘As an integral part of Manchester Science Festival – page 35 making Manchester a great European VIEW THIS City of Science, the next 12 months offer msimanchester.org.uk/collection more opportunities to expand our impact across the region while developing our first major home-grown temporary exhibition, about graphene, and pushing ahead with the Masterplan.’ Opposite: Lates evenings for adults on themes of Graphene (top) and Cravings with visitors game for The past 12 months have plenty to indulgence (beneath) commend them. The growing band of This page: Recording Radio 4’s The Infinite Monkey visitors has responded well to MSI’s Cage at MSI, Brian Cox and guest Jon Culshaw... new visual identity featuring a steel Geoffrey Piper of NWBLT and Jo Wright of FACT present MSI director Sally MacDonald with the hexagon, which references both historic Lever Prize for exploring the interaction between engineering and the structure of arts and science

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Watching the political censorship of culture in many parts of the world, I’m convinced of the vital importance of museums like the National Media Museum which cherish our heritage

SAMIRA AHMED NMEM ADVISORY BOARD MEMBER AND BROADCASTER

Clockwise: Liz West beneath her installation An Additive Mix during the Light Fantastic exhibition... DJing for the Make Some Noise festival... A young visitor learns how to make a UV torch... Artists in residence Noise Orchestra creating soundscapes… Museum director Jo Quinton-Tulloch at the opening of Drawn By Light

FESTIVALS BRING NEW Every area in the public programme vastly improved IMAX cinema which is has been electrified by the new focus: winning a younger audience and helping the summer exhibition, Light Fantastic to drive income. AUDIENCES TO BRADFORD – Adventures in the Science of Light, housed a striking new art installation The planned investment of £7.5 million that literally illuminated the scientific in the National Media Museum by 2021 Emphasis on light and sound attracts all the family principles that underpin the formulation is already improving its overall fabric, of white light. It also brought record from the IMAX upgrade to the new audiences to the museum. £1.5 million interactive gallery, due The past 12 months have seen the surprising history of optics could not have to open in March 2017, which will National Media Museum in Bradford had a more appropriate setting than the Widescreen Weekend – the festival explore the science of light, sound and make a deft but decisive step towards home of the world’s greatest treasury of of cinema technology – pushed its perception. The new Treasures galleries fulfilling its promise to begin using its still and moving image technologies. own barriers to bring two science- will tell the complete history of the ‘age collections and programme to create an fiction pioneers to Bradford. Douglas of the image’, cementing our new inspiring home for the culture of science The £1 million investment from Bradford Trumbull, who created the visual effects mission to explore the science and and technology. Three contemporary Council is also helping the museum to for 2001, laid out his revolutionary vision culture of light and sound technologies science festivals – themed around light, dramatically improve the way it serves for the future of cinema [see page 34], and their impact on our lives. forensics and sound – have brought schools in the region, enabling it to react and Paul Franklin gave a masterclass new family audiences into the museum, to their individual needs and combat in the real science behind the Oscar- IMAX auditorium receives overhaul – page 48 while playing host to the British Science long-term shortfalls in the number of winning special effects he created for Festival Fringe has put the museum in students who go on to pursue careers Interstellar. In total we attracted 460,000 the shop window for serious science. in science, technology, engineering and visits this year – an annual increase VIEW THIS Professor Jim Al-Khalili’s lecture on the maths (STEM). of 11%. In part this resulted from the nationalmediamuseum.org.uk/collection/onthisday

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Leonardo visualised machines with a brilliance that no-one else had ever done, and drew them with a presence and potency that no-one else had ever done

PROFESSOR MARTIN KEMP ART HISTORIAN

observed natural phenomena and The models date from a 1952 exhibition the work of architect-engineers at the Royal Academy, originated by LEONARDO AS around him to make advances and a Science Museum associate curator efficiencies in mechanical processes. to celebrate the quincentenary of It was this unique approach to Leonardo’s birth. CROWD-PLEASING GENIUS observation and understanding through drawing that sets him apart from his Leonardo was inspired by nature and contemporaries. to be as interested in bat wings as cogs Leonardo da Vinci: The Mechanics of Genius beneath the stories is no less exciting, was a radical departure in his day. The opened in February to great fanfare. as the Science Museum’s new exhibition Originally produced as a collaboration exhibition, supported by Airbus, also ‘Spectacular,’ remarked the Guardian, makes abundantly clear’. between Cité des Sciences in Paris, looks at what today is called biomimicry while the Daily Telegraph noted that this a Universcience site, and the Museo in modern robotics and aeronautics, ‘ambitious interactive exhibition’ viewed The exhibition explores how the ultimate Nazionale della Scienza e della such as the winglets of an Airbus A380 the ‘great polymath from a scientific … Renaissance figure created hundreds of Tecnologia Leonardo da Vinci in Milan, being inspired by the upward curl of an perspective’ and predicted that it would drawings to understand scientific and the internationally acclaimed exhibition eagle’s feathers. be one of the most popular exhibitions engineering concepts across a variety made its UK debut in London. of 2016. of disciplines. Kemp said they were VIEW TRAILER https://youtu.be/Kca2QhvL5aU ‘thrilling’ and showed how, more than his Here, the Science Museum shared its The world’s leading Leonardo scholar contemporaries, Leonardo was capable own historical link to Leonardo. Curated Professor Martin Kemp lit up the of ‘mental sculpture’ to visualise complex by keeper emeritus Jim Bennett, launch event with a compelling speech, mechanisms and motions. a small display opened the larger Clockwise: The Mechanics of Genius features 3D saying that despite the many legends exhibition with three models from the models based on Leonardo’s concepts... Curator Jim Bennett... Leading Leonardo scholar Professor that surround the genius who created Generating ideas for machines of war, Science Museum’s collection (including Martin Kemp... Introducing Leonardo to Science Mona Lisa and Vitruvian Man, ‘the reality flight and manufacturing, Leonardo the amusingly named ‘boring machine’). Museum visitors

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RETURN TO CONTENTS PAGE GROWING SUPPORT FROM DIVERSE FUNDING PARTNERS Loyalty is crucial to investing in SMG’s future

‘Shared goals and museum plans developments in Wonder Materials: Graphene where the guest speaker was the Looking forward to our forthcoming that inspire.’ These two factors, says and Beyond. MSI has plans for many more chairman of Network Rail, Professor medicine galleries, we are delighted that SMG development director Sue Fisher, temporary exhibitions as work begins Richard Parry-Jones CBE. Guests at the Wellcome Trust has agreed to lie at the heart of all of the funding on its new special exhibition gallery the Science Museum’s dinner, including award the Science Museum £10 million partnerships that make possible ‘the supported by the Wellcome Trust. John Whittingdale MP in his first public towards them, with £500,000 for project extraordinary ambition that reverberates engagement as secretary of state for development. And the Heritage Lottery through our plans for all the museums In York, the joint commitment of culture, media and sport and Airbus Fund has earmarked £8 million in in the group’. We are fortunate to rolling-stock companies Angel Trains, UK’s president Paul Kahn, heard from funding, of which £400,000 has been enjoy the long-term support of many Porterbrook and Eversholt is key to Professor Anne Glover CBE, former chief received in development funding. partners, such as BP, the engine behind NRM’s new Young Engineers programme. scientific adviser to the president of the our Enterprising Science programme. And in London, we are delighted to have European Commission. VIEW THIS group.sciencemuseum.org.uk/finance/ But even with established partners, a significant support from Samsung and funding-with-dcms spark around a particular exhibition MathWorks for Mathematics: The David More than 600 guests attended the or programme can further deepen our and Claudia Harding Gallery, named in launch of the Manchester Science relationship. And so it proved again this honour of the Hardings’s extraordinary Festival, which also announced the city’s Opposite: MSI director Sally MacDonald tries the year. ‘Cosmonauts tells the story of the gift of £5 million to the Science Museum. designation as European City of Science, adults-only ball pool during Manchester Science Russian space programme as never past headline festival sponsors Siemens Festival with broadcaster Michael Mosley and Juergen Maier, CEO Siemens before,’ remarked Bob Dudley, group Among the most enjoyable ways of plc and the University of Salford as lead This page: Dame Mary Archer entertains guests chief executive of BP, whose support was thanking our many benefactors are the education sponsor. from Nobelists to chief scientists at the Science fundamental to the exhibition’s success. annual dinners we stage in York and Museum annual dinner (main picture), where guests London. Paul Kirkman and Mary Kenny, During the festival, business, civic and also included (top row) Paul Khan, chief executive of Airbus UK, with Mrs Khan... Damon and Sandra A host of significant new partners have of sponsors Eversholt Rail, welcomed academic leaders attended a Thought de Laszlo... Michelle Lamprecht and Sham Ahmed joined SMG this year. In Manchester, 500 guests to the rail industry Leadership breakfast hosted by Siemens of MathWorks, with Charlotte Webb, SM head of corporate relationships... Right: SMG director Ian Haydale Limited is enabling us to explore networking event of the year in June CEO Juergen Maier. Guests discussed Blatchford’s table with secretary of state John one of the most remarkable scientific to celebrate NRM’s 40th anniversary, productivity potential in the UK. Whittingdale to his left

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Nobody should doubt the serious contribution SMG is making to the nation’s future prosperity Extra funding boosts STEM in by enthralling record numbers of children Manchester and Bradford Contemporary science has exploded IAN BLATCHFORD DIRECTOR AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OF THE SCIENCE MUSEUM GROUP this year at the Museum of Science and Industry and National Media Museum thanks to £300,000 of funding from two government departments for a series of pop-up programmes featuring STEM subjects such as light, wearable tech, SOLVE PROBLEMS AND HELP CHANGE LIVES forensic science and graphene. Each hands-on festival had bespoke schools days, a family weekend and an adult Lates The informal learning sector plays a crucial role in driving career aspirations in STEM and evening, hitting all three target audiences the Science Museum Group aims to be its national centre of excellence. In the past year and attracting around 27,000 visitors. 458,000 people visited the Science Museum in booked education groups – ­more than any The National Media Museum developed other museum in the UK – while a further147,000 visited our other museums in booked festivals with 40 local scientists and from lower socioeconomic groups, Schools blast off with Tim Peake groups. SMG is a significant part of the solution to the UK’s skills shortage partner organisations to involve local building relationships with Bradford The role of SMG Learning is to ignite communities, focusing on girls and those schools and colleges, and participating curiosity in science. Nothing said this in British Science Week. The Make Some more loudly than the Science Museum’s One of the highlights this year for to find out about herd health.’ More Noise and Light Fantastic festivals each live televised launch for astronaut Tim Felicity Paynter and her contemporary than 1200 visitors took part, with many attracted more than 4000 visitors. Peake in December [see inside front cover], science team at the Science Museum tweeting their headlines or presenting when 70 different on-site events across was the What’s Your Angle? festival, them on camera. MSI continues to run its popular monthly 12 hours ran seamlessly from family held in partnership with the London contemporary science Pi programme, activities into a Lates for adults. Mathematical Society to celebrate their The Evening Exchange, linked to the Platform for Investigation, supported by 150th anniversary. museum’s Ada Lovelace exhibition, Siemens. Natalie Ireland, MSI head of piloted a new programme of free learning, said: ‘Pi is a portable learning Felicity said: ‘Visitors were transported participatory events. Over three pod that welcomes researchers to deliver Left: Evening Exchange at the Science Museum into a busy 24-hour newsroom to explore consecutive Fridays these explored lively STEM-based activities. Diverse encouraged participants to combine music ways that researchers are using maths computer programming beyond themes have included nuclear reaction, and maths to solve problems and change lives. mathematics, and invited adult visitors the science of strokes, emotions and Above: Adults try out spacesuits on Tim Peake Day… Lazer Disco at National Media Museum… They could uncover the secrets of an to write their own interactive fiction, Top: Make Some Noise festival at the National antimicrobial resistance.’ During the 11-day Researchers from London’s University of Media Museum archaeological dig, learn how best to compose music using mathematics Manchester Science Festival alone a total Roehampton ask visitors to Live Science ‘How surf a wave and even dress up as a cow and create their own inventions. Above: What’s Your Angle was a celebration of maths of 6670 visitors attended Pi events. much do you like to eat?’

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Outreach targets new audiences From Hong Kong to Gibraltar, the Outreach team has been busy igniting curiosity in science in the UK and across the globe. The team has worked with many different clients – from schools, to the British Council and Butlin’s – delivering shows and workshops to tens of thousands of people. Dr Kenny Webster, the Science Museum’s head of learning operations, emphasises that the focus of the Outreach team is to target under-represented audiences: ‘With projects like the Days at the Museum we have been able to involve schools that have high levels of free- school-meal entitlement and turn their pupils into museum visitors.’

Clockwise: Enterprising Science schools visit to the Science Museum… At Antenna Live, the Cowriter Robot learning system from France helps children improve their handwriting… Families attend a Building Bridges event… Transforming Practice conference for teachers at the Science Museum

TURNING STEM RESEARCH Changing primary school perceptions In 2015 the Science Museum hosted the Google-funded Day at the Museum INTO INFLUENCE (above) for 12 primary schools, giving 600 children a day of activities with museum staff, collections and Under its new director Tom O’Leary, 11- to 12-year-olds and their families local scientists. Building on our SMG Learning is continuing to pursue from diverse backgrounds through 20 experience with the Enterprising two large research-to-practice schools in our London partner boroughs Science and Building Bridges projects, Enterprising Science and and Reading. Through our research projects, the Field Trip Days aimed Building Bridges. These are significantly partnership with Sheffield Hallam to challenge stereotypes about the influencing our thinking and gathering University, the first phase of the project image of scientists and careers in evidence for the roles of museums and has provided evidence that regular and science. The children began to see science centres in STEM education. extended experiences have a longer- scientists as everyday men and Enterprising Science, a partnership with lasting impact on student attitudes to women, to recognise the skills they King’s College London and BP, is focused science than simpler one-off events. need and how these relate to careers on understanding what shapes people’s outside research and academia. One attitudes towards science, with the aim Findings from both projects are shaping student commented on meeting a of helping young people find science SMG’s teacher engagement and researcher: ‘We didn’t know she useful, so that it enhances their lives and training courses. This year the Science was a researcher... she didn’t look improves opportunities. Museum hosted the first Transforming like a researcher... just like a Practice conference, which explored normal person.’ The Building Bridges project, similarly the implications of this research for the focused on STEM and supported by informal learning sector with 80 museum VIEW THIS BG Group, continues to work with and STEM practitioners. tinyurl.com/hpd4hsl

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During Tomorrow’s Engineers Week To maglevs and beyond the National Railway Museum invited The National Railway Museum’s action- KS3 school students to workshops and packed new interactive science show, HOW TO FIRE UP demonstrations with engineers from Need for Speed, introduces school groups the Institute of Civil Engineers, Institute aged 7–11 to the science of speed and of Mechanical Engineers, Institute of the world’s most celebrated locomotive, TEENAGE ENGINEERS Electrical and Technical Engineers and Flying Scotsman. The show moves Institute of Materials, Minerals and chronologically through the development Mining. NRM’s learning manager Kirsten of rail transport, exploring faster and Berry said: ‘The museum is developing faster engines, through steam, diesel its STEM programme and discussing and electric to maglevs and beyond. the future of rail engineering through our Future Engineers events in the Early Birds and Night Owls year ahead.’ Following the success of the autism- friendly Early Birds programme for families, To coincide with the NRM’s partnership the Science Museum has piloted a similar with York Theatre Royal, we ran a event, Night Owls, for those aged 16–25 summer of activities called From to explore the museum free from crowds. Steam to Stage. Themed around on-site performances of The Railway Children, VIEW THIS tinyurl.com/jgurxmb activities included a ‘make and take’ about set and costume design, and From top: Students at Tomorrow’s Engineers Week Twaddle Train – a performance for hosted at National Railway Museum… Hands-on summer workshop at Manchester’s Museum of families based on overheard train Science and Industry… A graphene weekender for stories submitted over social media. schools in the Pi Platform for Investigation at MSI

Make ’n’ do proves hugely popular The Museum of Science and Industry encouraged visitors to ‘Imagine It, Make It, Move It’ in a vibrant summer programme of workshops, demonstrations and shows, all linked to the theme of making. Construct a Crane workshops illustrated engineering skills with the huge cranes used on the Castlefield site in 1912, while the fun, interactive science show Inventors Wanted brought home the science behind innovation.

MSI also produced its first MakeFest where a host of inventors, artists, hackers, crafters, coders and makers ran workshops and drop-in sessions showing off their skills. Hugely popular with visitors of all ages, it embraced traditional crafts and the latest innovations – all with a DIY element.

Explosive new show for Manchester With a thumping 35% increase in the Museum of Science and Industry’s booked education groups in 2015, the learning team has launched a new show titled Explosions: A Blast from the Past where CSI meets Cluedo. It aims to illuminate the science behind bangs. Schools can also book a full-day learning experience for older pupils devoted to the concept of sound waves.

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Being taken around by torchlight was an interesting and entertaining way to experience the museum

ASTRONIGHTS CAMPER

Astronights in jimjams Sharing science with Europe Building on the success of Science Night As part of Manchester’s term as sleepovers for children, Astronights for European City of Science (ECOS), the adults was launched this January. The MSI learning team has been helping WEIRDNESS response was eye-opening as the Science develop the Great Science Share as a Museum welcomed 200 campers for a schools project in hubs across Greater unique evening when they expressed Manchester. Annie Keane, ECOS AND WONDER their creativity in workshops, played programme director, introduced the the role of curators and explored our initiative at the Manchester Science collections behind the scenes. They were Festival launch as a way of creating a AT LATES also treated to delicious food. After they buzz about the STEM ventures young enjoyed the freedom to explore an empty people have been working on over the museum in their pyjamas, feedback year. This summer’s concluding event Twenty-six adult Lates events were held from campers was so enthustiatic that is expected to involve 60% of schools across the four SMG museums over the Astronights have become a fixture. across the region. past year and 50,000 visitors took part. The format, which promotes science and STEMNET goes from strength to strength participation by adults, has gone from The graphene-themed Lates at MSI saw with chief medical officer Dame Sally In Greater Manchester the Museum of strength to strength by partnering with hundreds of adults create graphene Davies, molecular gastronomist Jozef Science and Industry continues to run leading institutions such as the Royal jewellery, inspired by this wonder Youssef and experimental psychologist the UK’s most successful STEMNET Society who collaborated on The Next material’s flexibility. The Cravings Lates Charles Spence, all chaired by Roger programme. The team works with all Big Thing in Science. The National Media for the Manchester Science Festival and Highfield, director of external affairs. 164 state-funded high schools across Museum was transformed into a crime another at the Science Museum created the city’s ten boroughs where 1113 STEM scene for its CSI-themed Lates where weird bazaars of tastes, smells and ambassadors delivered 1400 STEM This page: A forest of candy at the Science Museum’s activities, reaching 20,000 young people. 500 visitors became detectives and could flavours that aroused, tempted and Cravings Lates... Visitors design spacecraft at a space- attend an unsettlingly realistic forensic even disgusted taste buds throughout themed Lates event in the National Media Museum The team also supports the STEM clubs autopsy on a murder victim. This spring these busy evenings, complete with Opposite: Students try reverse engineering in running at 66% of Manchester schools. the National Railway Museum held its ‘chilli busking’ and ‘toast modelling’. a STEMNET event at MSI… The National Media Museum staged CSI-themed events for all first Lates on a Roaring Twenties theme, The London highlight was a panel generations… At the Science Museum’s Astronights VIEW THIS which drew on sharing group expertise. discussion on Controlling Our Cravings for adults sleeping bags are essential accessory manchestersciencecity.com

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The ninth Manchester Science Festival the festival were two new exhibitions: (MSF) recorded its highest level of visitor Cravings, a Northwest version of attendance last autumn with almost the Science Museum’s original, and 120,000 people taking part in this 11-day Evaporation, a sculptural celebration of city-wide celebration of contemporary the world’s seas and oceans, created science. It is proudly produced by the by artist Tania Kovats, which Nancy Museum of Science and Industry with Durrant of The Times found ‘wonderful’. headline sponsorship from Siemens plc Renowned composer Jonathan Dove as part of its Curiosity Project. Launched created a new piece inspired by Kovats’s in conjunction with the announcement work, performed live from the heart of the city’s designation as European of the gallery during the festival’s City of Science 2016, MSF 2015 was opening weekend. hailed by the Manchester Evening News as ‘truly wonderful’. Experiments, debates, comedy, theatre, music, drones, a food-themed Lates More than 600 VIPs including SMG event and a recording of Radio 4’s The BRADFORD: A NEW chairman Dame Mary Archer and Infinite Monkey Cage with Brian Cox A truly wonderful celebrated ‘gastronaut’ Stefan Gates entertained the festival audience. But it attended the official launch at the was a white box, filled with 81,000 white region-wide festival WINDOW ONTO REALITY museum. Linking to the opening of balls, that helped the festival to trend of science that introduced all on social media. Jump In!, the festival’s ages to cutting-edge ideas adults-only ball pool, tempted Cox, MANCHESTER EVENING NEWS Dame Mary Archer and the University of ON THE 2015 SCIENCE FESTIVAL Douglas Trumbull – one of the grandees on NMeM’s Pictureville screen. While spectacle. His aim is to remove any sense Manchester’s Dame Nancy Rothwell to of science-fiction film-making, director increased frame rates have been a of a screen and create an image which cast aside their inhibitions and ‘jump in of Silent Running and the special effects talking point for some recent high- the audience can perceive as reality. for science’, celebrating the themes of guru behind 2001 – delivered the keynote profile film releases, Trumbull’s system creativity and playfulness. speech at this year’s Widescreen goes far beyond what the industry is Clockwise: Tania Kovats and Jonathan Dove in the Weekend at the National Media Museum currently contemplating. In the face of Above: Douglas Trumbull revealing his secrets to VIEW THIS Evaporation exhibition... Cravings explained at MSI... tinyurl.com/jphy8cb and ‘gastronaut’ Stefan Gates demonstrating in Bradford. advances in downloading, streaming the Bradford audience and digital technologies, he argued, Below: Paul Franklin entertains a packed Pictureville with stories of the making of Interstellar, Drawing on his extensive knowledge of cinema has to reinvent itself once again which won him a second Oscar for Best Visual the film industry, Trumbull outlined his to offer audiences a unique storytelling Effects – his first was for Inception vision for the next steps in the evolution of cinema presentation. Having travelled the world exploring and comparing projection systems, he has come to the conclusion that increasing on-screen frame rates – the number of individual images passing in front of the eye each second – could revolutionise the way audiences experience cinema.

‘I discovered that by changing the frame rate dramatically – to 120 frames per second and using 4K cameras and 4K projectors available off the shelf and running them at 60 frames per second, which is standard on most of them, a completely new cinematic effect emerges, which is like a window onto reality.’ VIEW THIS nationalmediamuseum.org.uk/ Trumbull demonstrated his unique widescreen-weekend MAGI process, including 3D imagery,

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VIEW THIS sciencemuseum.org.uk/online_science/games group.sciencemuseum.org.uk hirethesciencemuseum.com flyingscotsman.org.uk DIGITAL HERE, blog.nrm.org.uk THERE AND msimanchester.org.uk EVERYWHERE Interactive experiences underpin everything we do

From interactive exhibits to mobile reworking audiences’ digital experiences Museum of Science and Industry, Flying digital archive was developed to enable Play Awards; in October a gallery provocative statements on society’s role games and from websites to social before, during and after their visits; Scotsman, the Science Museum Group visitors to view letters, documents and version was installed at MATLAB Expo at in controlling eating behaviour. This has media, the Science Museum Group scaling up our commitment to digitisation and Science Museum event hire. The technical drawings, and to explore Silverstone; and in December it travelled been a very popular digital interactive with has a long history of innovative digital of the collection and creating open museums’ blogs were relaunched Lovelace’s interest in Charles Babbage’s to the Franklin Institute in Philadelphia, more than 83,000 plays and counting. initiatives. Building on this, 2015 saw its resources that audiences can reuse; with bold images and multimedia. The innovations in computing and their later United States. first digital director John Stack aiming to interpreting the stories behind the blogs will provide a platform for telling collaborations. Visitors could zoom ‘embolden our ambition to make digital a collections; establishing a digital the behind-the-scenes stories of our in and examine the documents A number of bespoke digital pieces were part of everything we do’. culture throughout the organisation; museums’ work and for the voices of on a 32-inch, high-resolution touch created for the Cravings exhibition in and ensuring that such initiatives are those working in the group. screen, in unprecedented detail. Antenna, including the Kandinsky Salad Recognising that digital technologies underpinned by a robust technical Film, a triptych video at the start of the continue rapidly to transform audience infrastructure. To promote Cosmonauts, as for It’s been a lively year for the Rugged exhibition that shows how chef Charles Opposite: Craving Commander, a digital interactive behaviour and afford our museums most major exhibitions, a series of Rovers game from the Engineering Your Michel created a salad inspired by a for exhibition visitors... and Rugged Rovers, now enjoying success as a downloadable app new ways to fulfil their missions, the A large-scale overhaul of the group’s online videos introduced its themes, Future exhibition with downloads of the Wassily Kandinsky painting. Also on offer This page: Recently overhauled web pages showing group launched a new multi-year websites is well under way. New personalities and background. For the app exceeding 170,000. In June it was a was Craving Commander, a quick-fire quiz SMG’s online diversity from a new group website on digital strategy. This has five ambitions: websites have been launched for the Ada Lovelace exhibition an interactive gold winner at the prestigious Serious that asks visitors to approve or reject all platforms (top) to MSI’s new look (centre)

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The benefit that these new spaces provide to SMG SCHOLARSHIP: fulfilling our research ambitions is incalculable A NEW PLACE FOR EXCHANGING IDEAS IAN BLATCHFORD SMG DIRECTOR

Research fellow Stuart Butler Robert Bud at the Centre’s inaugural conference Research fellow Barry Murnane

The increased commitment to from the UK, Europe and America, The latest event in the museum’s scholarship seen within the Science explored many fascinating aspects of the exploration of science, technology Museum Group under its director Ian power of objects, our museums’ role in and music was October’s promenade Blatchford was marked early in 2016 culture and the relationship of science conference Objects at an Exhibition. by the opening of the stunning Dana and technology to the arts. A joint enterprise between the Research Centre and Library in London. museum, NMC recordings and the Welcoming visiting fellows to the Aurora Orchestra, it featured six new An elegant reading room, designed Science Museum commissioned pieces inspired by by award-winning Coffey Architects, The museum’s fellowship and objects and spaces in the museum. provides a calm space where our associateship programme is thriving. The composers included Barry Guy, growing community of scholars and Dr Barry Murnane is the first TORCH- Thea Musgrave and David Sawer. students can pursue research into our Science Museum fellow, a scheme under collections, and access our library and which members of Oxford University’s archive collections. Research fellows and humanities faculty come to work at students collaborate on the floor above, the museum. Barry is contributing to exchanging insights and mutual guidance research for the new medical galleries, arising from the several dozen projects focused on the history of respiratory now under way. medicine. Another fellow is Stuart Butler, with us in the Research Centre The Research Centre marked its opening for two years, studying the history of with a major conference, bringing civilian nuclear power in Britain as part together scholars to discuss the current of a major EU-funded project. Our own state and future potential of research Dr Robert Bud is completing a second and how it transforms all areas of fellowship funded by the Arts and our museums’ activities, including Humanities Research Council (AHRC), understanding collections and audiences this time exploring the history of the idea and how to care for the objects we hold. of applied science. This project included Clockwise: The Aurora Orchestra at the Objects at More than 50 speakers, including SMG a major conference on science and an Exhibition conference... Nuclear power in Britain as focus of Stuart Butler’s research… National Background: The new Dana staff and students, research associates modernism, held in conjunction with the Media Museum curator Colin Harding at the Research Centre and Library and collaborators, and senior academics Institute of Historical Research. Research Centre inaugural conference CONTINUED 38 39 RETURN TO CONTENTS PAGE

collaboration with Wellcome Collection, archivists, genealogists and even a singer drawing on his research into high-voltage explored the fascinating lives of railway electricity to inform the development of workers across history in Work, Rest and In Manchester MSI has an upcoming exhibition. Play: Exploring the Extended Railway explored new ways of SMG SCHOLARSHIP: Family. The conference was organised working with its local In Manchester, the Museum of Science in partnership with family history event academic and student and Industry has explored new ways of organisers Your Fair Ladies. MORE AWARDS FOR THE GROUP working with its local academic and communities student communities, notably participating NRM has made key appointments TIM BOON HEAD OF RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HISTORY in the University of Manchester’s to develop the museum’s research REALab which asked partners to set programme. Dr Oliver Betts, research challenges for postgraduate fellow, is taking an active role in building researchers. The interdisciplinary academic partnerships and advising on team which responded to the museum’s research input to NRM’s Masterplan. brief won first prize and has gone on Angélique Bonamy, associate curator of to produce a consultation report. film and sound, is doing exciting work, exploring the museum’s little-known Conferences and events have driven moving image and sound recordings. forward research collaborations at all our museums; at the National Railway VIEW THIS Museum in York, expert historians, sciencemuseum.org.uk/arr

Opposite: The NRM’s Work, Rest and Play Doctoral research students are pursuing welcome the Royal Society and the Royal study of the National Media Museum’s conference... Manchester research student studies across the Science Museum Geographical Society to our consortium, Daily Herald archive of around 3 million Paul Coleman Group; a total of 24 studentships have in addition to BT Archives. Several of the images. This is a rare relic of Fleet Clockwise, this page: NRM head curator Andrew been awarded under the first tranche of successful projects will draw on material Street photographic practice, still kept McLean’s book Flying Scotsman: Speed, Style, Service... Medical research in a soundproof room funding from the Arts and Humanities from these collections. in the working order employed by the in 1969, from the Daily Herald archive, subject of Research Council, and we have already newspaper, which closed in 1964. Paul Rebecca Smith’s research... At NRM research agreed the first six in our second three- Current students include Rebecca Smith, Coleman in Manchester contributed fellow Dr Oliver Betts and associate curator of film and sound, Angélique Bonamy… Science Museum year award. Under this new award we who is undertaking the first in-depth to the Spark of Life study day held in research student Jacob Ward who is studying 20th- century telecommunications

The Science Museum Group Journal has recently published its fifth issue online. With a combination of articles and comment pieces written by external researchers as well as SMG staff and students, the e-journal is rapidly establishing itself as the ideal place to publish scholarship on the role of museums, the histories of objects and approaches to studying audiences. In a new departure, this issue included pre-publication of some of the provocative plenary presentations from the inaugural conference.

VIEW THIS journal.sciencemuseum.ac.uk

40 41 RETURN TO CONTENTS PAGE LIGHTHOUSE KEEPER TURNS STATIONMASTER

who was astonished to learn that he and his family were the lucky guests, said of Locomotion: ‘It is a great attraction for the Northeast. We love all the activities at the museum, there’s always something different happening. The museum keeps the children interested in our heritage.’

The first Stockton and Darlington Railway Conference attracted speakers and delegates from throughout the UK, and marked the first step on an exciting ride towards the 200th anniversary of the In January 2015 Gary Campbell blew Diversification introduced an inaugural S&DR in 2025. the whistle at the Shildon platform of Steampunk event that brought in a whole the National Railway Museum, after new audience, as well as a Diamond Looking back on his first year, Gary said: three years at the Museum of Scottish Deltic event supported by Locomotion ‘With the shift from the sound of the PHOTOGRAPHIC DAZZLERS Lighthouses in Fraserburgh as its Models that celebrated 60 years of the foghorn and the flicker of the light to the informal ‘principal lighthouse keeper’, post-steam icon. sound of the whistle and the smell of the by kick-starting a year full of exciting smoke well under way, I’m confident that ACROSS THE GROUP developments, major events and Locomotion celebrated the National a certain green locomotive will complete significant milestones. Locomotion, Railway Museum’s 40th anniversary at its my transformation into a stationmaster Setting the lead among the UK’s dedicated gallery spaces the museum jointly run by SMG and highlight Autumn Steam Gala, followed in 2016!’ Durham County Council, welcomed soon after by the arrival of its landmark to the team new expert education and 2 millionth visitor, 11 short years after VIEW THIS nrm.org.uk/planavisit/events/shildon-train-rides volunteer development professionals, opening – an incredible achievement for Two of the Guardian’s top ten photography IMAX film Everest we displayed images and the museum’s ever-popular public a museum initially expected to attract exhibitions of 2015 were created by the from our collection of Edmund Hillary programme is flourishing as a result. 40,000 annual visitors. Simon Chambers, Science Museum Group. Gathered Leaves and Tenzing Norgay in 1953 when they Clockwise: Locomotive 777 provides a passenger service at the Steampunk event... Volunteer working took the top spot, whilst Revelations: became the first people to stand on the on the 2HAP in the Shildon workshops... New Experiments in Photography followed roof of the world. manager Gary Campbell amid the Shildon collection in third place. Revelations drew on Science Museum and National Media This spring the vibrant annual Wellcome Museum collections to showcase the Image Awards, showcasing the best huge influence of scientific endeavour in science image-making, went on From top: Alec Soth speaks at the opening of on the visual arts. As London’s leading show simultaneously at the Science Gathered Leaves... Rarely seen photographs of Frank Sinatra were given a showing in Bradford... photographic gallery, Media Space at Museum and at MSI and science centres False-coloured cryogenic scan of human stem the Science Museum hosted Gathered elsewhere. These astonishing images cell from this year’s stunning Wellcome Image Awards exhibition Leaves, the first major UK show by one are chosen from all disciplines, among of the world’s restlessly experimental the most exciting showing the inside photographers, Alec Soth. His renowned of a human stem cell; bacteria on a ‘unselfies’ led to a takeover of the Media one-atom-thick slice of graphene; a Space Instagram channel for a week and premature baby receiving light therapy; undoubtedly advanced the museum’s and two intriguing views inside the reputation for innovation in digital media. human eye.

In December, the National Media Museum At the National Railway Museum, published some rarely seen images of locomotive enthusiasts were invited Frank Sinatra to mark the showman’s outside opening hours to capture their centenary. These gems from the Daily own pictures of the world-famous Flying Herald archive were revealed showing Scotsman while the locomotive itself the many sides of ‘The Sultan of Swoon’. was displayed in light steam to create an VIEW THIS To mark the release of the gripping new authentic atmosphere. wellcomeimageawards.org/2016

42 43 RETURN TO CONTENTS PAGE THE GROUP UNITES ITS COLLECTIONS As newly appointed group head of collections services, Jack Kirby tells of significant improvements to the care of SMG collections

This year the Science Museum Group brought together teams that were previously separately managed into a new national collections services department. Comprising all the people who conserve, care for, document and digitise objects, the new department symbolises the group’s bold decision to manage its wide-ranging collections as one for the first time.

Working in closer collaboration across the group is enabling and increasing sharing of skills and experience. As the three northern museums develop their Masterplan projects, the experience of the Science Museum conservation team in delivering large capital projects is helping colleagues to plan the extensive work rolling up their sleeves. This help meant that goes into moving and re-presenting that the team could concentrate on fragile objects in new exhibitions and galleries. objects such as anatomical waxes, which were carefully supported using clingfilm, Exhibitions and Masterplan projects drive for the first time in decades to make up plaster of Paris and bandages for their most tasks for collections services. The the Automaton Lathe, which will be a move down six storeys of the museum. highlight of the year was undoubtedly highlight of our Robots exhibition in 2017. Cosmonauts, where legally and Each year thousands of items are lent to logistically complex loans from Russia As part of the Science Museum’s other museums for display [see page 64], were skilfully negotiated, and creative Masterplan, the team tackled the and ensuring that these remain in solutions found to the challenge of extraordinary challenge of packing and good condition is paramount. The bringing large and sometimes hazardous moving 6500 objects from the former National Media Museum’s conservator items into the Science Museum. Already medical galleries. The whole museum repaired a tear in an early negative on attention has turned to the future, with joined in to help, with 150 people from tour in the exhibition Captain Linnaeus extensive cleaning and preparation of 300 trustees and patrons to explainers and Tripe: Photographer of India and Burma, metal pieces that will be reassembled security staff receiving special training then 1852–1860. The skilled repair meant that the 157-year-old image was seen in Washington DC, New York and London.

At the Science Museum, a loan from the Wellcome medical collection to the Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Vastu Sangrahalaya in Mumbai, India meant the team of object registrars had to ensure that the legal conditions of export were met.

Opposite: Touring abroad, photograph of a ruined temple in India, taken by Linnaeus Tripe in 1854... Conservators Sophie Oelman and Jerrod Seifert preparing the ‘rose engine’ lathe for display in the forthcoming Robots exhibition This page: Conservator Kate Perks helping install the Cosmonauts spacesuits display... Natasha Logan and Mayuko Kai removing objects during the major decant from the Science Museum’s former medical galleries CONTINUED 44 45 RETURN TO CONTENTS PAGE

NEW DIRECTION FOR COLLECTIONS

The digitisation programme will lead to the group’s collection being more accessible both to staff and online visitors

JACK KIRBY GROUP HEAD OF COLLECTIONS SERVICES

Safety is the first priority across the vehicle for measuring a locomotive’s Most of the group’s activity is focused on Science Museum Group, and historical speed. Built in York in 1905, the car stabilising the condition of objects, but science collections often contain authenticated the record-breaking occasionally restoration is appropriate. hazardous materials that would be 100 mph run of Flying Scotsman in 1934, Here the team at Locomotion, the avoided or subject to licensing today. as well as the unsurpassed 125.88 mph National Railway Museum at Shildon, The group’s expertise in this area is set in 1938 by fellow Gresley-designed comes into its own. Staff and volunteers recognised as leading best practice, with locomotive Mallard. are restoring the legendary 1960s Deltic the collections hazards adviser involved in a partnership project to create an e-learning tool for museums.

In Manchester’s Museum of Science locomotive King’s Own Yorkshire Light such as 3D scanning and rendering will and Industry a year-long project has Infantry, affectionately known as ‘KOYLI’. enable visitors to explore star objects been completed to reassess 16,000 The locomotive featured in NRM’s close up. objects (97% of the relevant collection) Scotsman season before operating on for hazards such as asbestos and heritage railway lines. New head of collections explosives. Specialist contractors have Meanwhile, Tilly Blyth has been appointed made objects safer where necessary, In the digital sphere, expectations of head of collections and principal curator while retaining as much original both museum visitors and specialist for the Science Museum. Tilly joined the Opposite: Painting the roof cooler of ‘KOYLI’ in the material as possible to preserve an researchers are rising: people expect museum in 2004 as curator of computing, NRM workshops... SMG touring exhibitions include artefact’s integrity. The overall result to be able to find images of the group’s before becoming keeper of technologies Collider, launched by curator Harry Cliff at the ArtScience Museum, Singapore, and the George is a collection that is ready for use by objects online. Looking forward, plans and engineering in 2012. Most recently, III collection Science and Splendour in South Korea future exhibitions and researchers. are being drawn up for an extensive she was the lead curator for Information which included this 18th-century silver microscope programme of digitisation that will Age, our biggest and most ambitious new by George Adams (this page above) In York the National Railway Museum support a new collections online gallery to date, as well as editor of the This page: The NRM’s refurbished 1905 dynamometer car... Newly digitised postcard for G L has focused conservation on the interface. While most artefacts will have accompanying book, Information Age: Six Temple at Hendon, from the Penn-Gaskell Collection dynamometer car, a special railway a traditional photograph, technologies Networks that Changed Our World. illustrating the development of international air post

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Truly glorious. Seeing fully grown men and women getting over-excited was both heart-warming and infectious

NORTHERN SOUL WEBSITE REVIEWING PLAY IT!

Highlight at Locomotionmodels.com: Exclusive Edition Bachmann Diamond FRESH LEASE Deltic models of DP1 in east coast main line livery and KOYLI in BR blue, from £130 – to link with the Diamond OF LIFE FOR Deltics event at Locomotion in ENTERPRISES October 2015. From gaming to iconic Soviet art, the group is bursting with entrepreneurs

‘This year Enterprises has launched the region’s biggest screen and luxury Our Flying Scotsman retail range drove over Easter and a similar event follows some exciting new projects,’ says seating. A new record was achieved e-commerce sales up 135% and revenue at the Science Museum. Michelle Lockhart, commercial director, when audiences for The Force Awakens up 120% compared with the previous ‘from the upgrade of our IMAX cinema totalled 19,000 to make ours the best year. Visitors to the National Railway The events team had great success at at the National Media Museum to our performing Picturehouse in the country Museum also packed our Countess of York the NRM with their Christmas packages new improved Miniature Railway Ride at for Star Wars sales. café for Flying Scotsman afternoon teas. and exclusive nights, selling 4690 covers, the National Railway Museum which has The carriage, built in 1956 and restored while the Science Museum hosted 200 taken 50,000 passengers through the cinema film ever, showing on Europe’s To celebrate the Science Museum’s in lavish style, receives appreciative commercial events across the year which collection in the re-landscaped South only 15/70 IMAX screen. More than blockbuster exhibition Cosmonauts, reviews on TripAdvisor – and is currently were attended by 30,000 guests. Yard. We also began work on the design 26,000 people attended, netting £339,000 the retail team produced a beautiful ranked 15 out of 657 restaurants in York. to convert the fourth and fifth floors of at the box office, plus another £35,000 catalogue, exclusive prints and a the Science Museum into a new dedicated in popcorn and drinks sales. Batman v selection of limited-edition merchandise Enterprises has hosted ever more corporate events space.’ Superman followed over Easter. for a bespoke shop and online range. This hands-on activities, notably when Opposite, from top: Retro gaming in Play It! at included replicas of the first Sturmanskie the Museum of Science and Industry MSI... NRM’s improved Miniature Railway Ride... Significant successes of the year were In Bradford, our IMAX enjoyed a £780,000 watches – the first watch in space worn mounted its first live retro and interactive Christmas party at NRM as a corporate hire screenings of the new Star Wars episode upgrade – thanks to a loan from the by Yuri Gagarin and the first spacewalk gaming event, Play It! A collection of 120 This page, clockwise: Afternoon tea in the The Force Awakens in the group’s two Department for Culture, Media and watch worn by Alexei Leonov. The playable consoles told the evolutionary Countess of York café... Bespoke souvenirs and cakes in the Cosmonauts shop and café at the IMAX cinemas. In London it proved the Sport – which created state-of-the-art Cosmonauts shop took £624,000, making tale of gaming and drew 13,000 visitors. Science Museum... Star Wars: The Force Awakens, Science Museum’s most successful digital projection, high-spec sound, triple the original profit forecast. By popular demand, Play It! returned a hit in both SMG IMAX cinemas

48 49 RETURN TO CONTENTS PAGE

Exciting things are happening at the FINE MINDS Science Museum in London but we’re equally ambitious ON SHOW for our own Northern Powerhouse — our The Science Museum this museums in Manchester, year celebrated three Bradford, York and Shildon cultural giants and the DAME MARY ARCHER CHAIRMAN OF SMG TRUSTEES acquisition of an exquisite collection

What makes science tick The marriage of the oldest horological collection in the world and the world’s greatest science museum was a time for royal celebration. And Princess Anne obliged by formally opening the Clockmakers’ Museum in its new home, a second-floor gallery granted on a 30-year lease by the Science Museum.

This collection of more than 1000 Einstein’s remarkable legacy watches, 80 clocks, 25 marine A century after Einstein published chronometers, fine sundials and his general theory of relativity, the examples of hand engraving maps a story museum celebrated his achievements of innovation from 1600 to the present in Einstein’s Legacy: How Albert Einstein day. It was assembled by London’s Changed the Way We See the World. This Worshipful Company of Clockmakers display explored his influence through and located in the Guildhall until its fascinating scientific and cultural enforced closure in 2014. Prime among artefacts, while two films explored how its treasures are a four-month-duration his general theory of relativity for ever long-case clock by the father of English altered the way we see the universe. watchmaking, Thomas Tompion; and the fifth marine timekeeper completed in Pioneer ahead of her time 1770 by John Harrison – the last in the A free exhibition celebrated the series he made while attempting to win Clockwise: The Princess Royal touring the Cameron the revolutionary bicentenary of another pioneering the famous £20,000 Longitude Prize. Clockmakers’ Museum with curator Sir George An exhibition in the Virgin Media Victorian, Ada Lovelace, champion of the White... Albert Einstein sculpted by Jacob Epstein... The Ada Lovelace display of calculating machines... Studio celebrated the bicentenary of computer. Lead curator Dr Tilly Blyth VIEW THIS Media Space assistant Lizzie Bracegirdle with the pioneering Victorian photographer noted that ‘the exhibition revealed how clockmakers.org Iago portrait by Julia Margaret Cameron Julia Margaret Cameron and included Ada’s determination, knowledge and the only existing print of the iconic unbridled vision enabled her to anticipate portrait Iago. Cameron’s portraits of the computer age a century ahead of influential artistic and literary friends, her time’. Lovelace’s portraits, letters acquaintances and family members and notes, including the first published including Alfred Tennyson, Thomas algorithm for the Analytical Engine, Carlyle, William Holman Hunt and were displayed alongside the calculating several striking photographs of her machines with which she worked. niece Julia Jackson, mother of Virginia Difference Engine No. 1, a prototype built Woolf, both revolutionised photography c. 1832 by Charles Babbage, was shown and immortalised the Victorian age. with the Analytical Engine, which was the Describing this founding figure of focus of Lovelace’s work and imagination. modern photographic portraiture, A digital display featured drawings and SMG’s head of photography Kate Bush letters from the Science Museum’s said: ‘Her closely framed faces, bold, Babbage archive, the British Library expressive and minimal, are as and the Bodleian Library. A series of radical and visionary as the woman accompanying evening events explored who created them.’ how technology can fuel the art.

50 51 RETURN TO CONTENTS PAGE

Volunteers offer extraordinary potential to improve our visitors’ experience

JUDITH MCNICOL SMG DIRECTOR OF PEOPLE AND CULTURE

Volunteers across SMG, clockwise: The experts who excelled during Cosmonauts at SM… Widescreen Weekend team at NMeM… Veterans at NRM in York… MSI’s GEC archives in Manchester

Priceless feedback in Manchester At the Museum of Science and Industry volunteers played a key role in festivals throughout the year, supporting Light Fantastic, MakeFest and Play It! events, as well as across the city during Manchester Science Festival.

Penelope Hill, Manchester Science Cosmonauts exhibition volunteers Festival coordinator, said: ‘Our volunteers ‘It was fantastic to hear so many play a hugely important role as the public great stories from the visitors and face of the festival. Their interactions touching to see how emotional with the audience provide us with some were when they recalled, for priceless feedback about events and the LEADING ROLE FOR THE example, waving to Yuri Gagarin Festival experience.’ in Hammersmith as he drove by ’– Shivani Patel, Cosmonauts In addition, MSI’s Inspiring Futures EXPERT VOLUNTEER engagement volunteer project continues to be a huge success. Its focus on health and wellbeing has helped the museum create more diverse, When it comes to harnessing the passion expertise with visitors by wandering forum that brings staff and volunteers accessible volunteering opportunities and energy of volunteers, this has been through the exhibition [see page 15]. together – one of many new initiatives and saw the team finish runners-up in a record year for volunteering across the across the Science Museum Group the Spirit of Manchester Awards. Science Museum Group. During the past Yet director of people and culture designed to improve and grow year 850 volunteers contributed 71,930 Judith McNicol feels there is potential volunteer involvement. Widescreen comes into its own hours of their time, skills, knowledge and for volunteers to make an even bigger Volunteer opportunities continue to grow enthusiasm to help us improve the visitor contribution to our success: ‘Cosmonauts Veteran takes charge of Scotsman at the National Media Museum. This year experience, care for the collection and gave us a glimpse of how volunteers offer New roles were developed for volunteers a new team was recruited for Widescreen help out behind the scenes. extraordinary potential to improve our at the National Railway Museum ahead Weekend, which ran successfully as a visitors’ experience of our museums. of the Flying Scotsman season, when stand-alone event for the first time, as In London the launch of Cosmonauts: Birth With a new group-wide strategy in place, more than 60 volunteers helped with well as at the CSI: Bradford and Light of the Space Age provided the catalyst more volunteers will be delivering tours, diverse duties from communications Fantastic contemporary science festivals. for the most ambitious volunteering supporting school visits, maintaining our and educational visits to the historic project to date. A total of 114 volunteers historic engines or surveying the inaugural run between London and York. VIEW THIS from 21 countries and a diverse range art collection.’ Rob Tibbits has been a volunteer at the sciencemuseum.org.uk/about-us/support-us/ of backgrounds, including doctors, NRM since the museum opened, and was volunteering journalists and engineers, provided nrm.org.uk/NRM/GetInvolved/Volunteer This year saw the launch in Manchester given the privilege of being train manager msimanchester.org.uk/work-with-us 5833 hours of their time sharing their and York of Volunteering for All, a new on board Scotsman for the big event. nationalmediamuseum.org.uk/getinvolved/Volunteer

52 53 RETURN TO CONTENTS PAGE FIVE WORLD-BEATING MUSEUMS FINANCIAL OVERVIEW: GROUP FINANCIAL SUMMARY 2015–16 STRENGTH THROUGH NEW INCOME SOURCES Income 2015–16 (£m) Expenditure 2015–16 (£m) Grant in Aid Fundraising Trading income Trading costs Jonathan Newby, SMG deputy director and chief operating officer (pictured), Grants, donations Care for and research into collections and sponsorship on the growth in visitors and other revenues Science education and communication Rental income Visitor services Other income Capital expenditure including Sale of Post collection additions Office Building

Income in 2015–16 received a significant and Our core government funding fell again in real Our success in generating commercial income exceptional boost from the sale of the Post Office terms in 2015–16, however the autumn statement together with the generosity of our supporters Building. SMG was given permission by DCMS and in November 2015 set out a more stable funding has enabled us to continue to balance our budgets HM Treasury to retain the proceeds of this sale, environment for the museums sector over the without compromising on either visitor experience which will be used for infrastructure improvement course of this parliament. Whilst we will experience or the care of our collections. This has required a over the coming years, as well as enabling the a cut in real terms over the coming years, the continued focus on cost reduction strategies, and construction of a new interactive gallery at the funding settlement provides a strong foundation on we will continue to seek efficiencies in every area National Media Museum in Bradford. which to plan for the future. of our operations over the coming years in order to deliver the optimum experience for our visitors We have continued to benefit hugely from We have maintained our focus on income generation across all our museums. our generous supporters – sponsors, trusts, during 2015–16. Excluding exceptional income from foundations and individuals – who have together the sale of the Post Office Building, self-generated These figures are extracted from management made possible the wide range of programmes income represented 47% of total incoming resources accounts at 31 March 2016 and were published prior to across our museums in 2015–16, from the opening this year. Profit from our commercial activities statutory accounting adjustments and external audit. of Cosmonauts to the relaunch of Flying Scotsman. increased slightly. This income was supplemented In particular, our visitors have made a huge by ticket income from our paid-for exhibitions, The full Annual Report and Accounts is published in difference, with record income from on-site especially Cosmonauts and Leonardo, and from our July each year and is available on our website: donations exceeding £3 million. international exhibition touring programme. http://group.sciencemuseum.org.uk

Jonathan Newby: behind him, the exclusive posters commissioned for the Cosmonauts shop

The chancellor announced the outcome 3.3 million. Focus on the STEM agenda SMG concluded several significant of the latest Comprehensive Spending and on exhibitions has driven growth at commercial deals in the past year. In Review in his autumn statement in both the National Media Museum and April 2015 we completed the sale of the SMG VISIT NUMBERS 2015–16 November 2015, and it was greeted with the National Railway Museum. Post Office Building to Imperial College much relief in the heritage and cultural London and the proceeds will be used to Total number of visits to the museums Science NRM Museum of National NRM All Science sector. As we had feared a further round More visitors tend to create more income fund much-needed infrastructure work Museum York Science and Media Shildon Museum Industry Museum Group of deep and potentially very damaging from our commercial activities, and the across the estate. This original home of cuts, the flat-cash settlement for the next year delivered a strong performance. the Meteorological Office in Exhibition Outturn 2014–15 3,348,000 727,000 680,000 414,000 167,000 5,337,000 four years was better than even the most SMG Enterprises delivered a profit Road had been used mostly for office Outturn 2015–16 3,419,000 750,000 707,000 460,000 213,000 5,549,000 optimistic of us had expected. It was good contribution to the group of £3.0 million, accommodation. At our large-object news indeed, and a real recognition of the which was a significant year-on- store in Wroughton, Wiltshire, which is wider economic impact that museums year improvement. Retail sales were a 550-acre former Second World War Visits in education groups Science NRM Museum of National NRM All Science and galleries have in the UK. However, particularly strong, boosted by the huge airfield, we have built a 61-megawatt Museum York Science and Media Shildon Museum Industry Museum Group adjusted for inflation, it is still a cut in success of the Cosmonauts shop, which solar array in partnership with Swindon real terms and comes after a period yielded £624,000. Locomotion Models, Borough Council and British Solar Outturn 2014–15 452,000 40,000 65,000 33,000 5,000 595,000 of near unprecedented reductions in which is managed out of the National Renewables, which will deliver significant Outturn 2015–16 458,000 30,000 73,000 30,000 7,000 605,000 government funding in recent years. The Railway Museum at Shildon, also and much-needed income for many years better-than-hoped-for settlement does brought successful new products to to come. Long may the sun shine! Information is sourced through both internal and periodic independent visitor surveys. Any anomalies in totals arise from roundings. not mean we are out of the woods yet, but market last year, while the upgraded the immediate future looks much less miniature railway at York has beaten Sadly we have said goodbye to two THE YEAR’S HIGHLIGHTS The National Railway Museum (York and Shildon) SMG’s digital audience: The group also bleak and much more stable. its first-year target. colleagues who have played vital roles in enjoyed increases at both locations and achieved a recorded its best ever year for website visits, ushering in the biggest transformation The Science Museum Group attracted a total of total of 963,000 visits during the year (+8%). with 12.47 million sessions in 2015–16. The 5,549,000 visits during the past year (+4%), among methodology for reporting web visits has Further reason to be optimistic is that The exhibition touring team has also of the group since it was established. which 605,000 people (+6%) visited in booked The Museum of Science and Industry also changed so year-on-year comparison is visit numbers continue to increase continued to build on its successful My predecessor as deputy director of education groups. achieved a record with 707,000 visits (+4%) which not possible. and 2015–16 saw another record year business model by extending the the Science Museum, Jean Franczyk, included 73,000 in education groups, itself a 12% The Science Museum enjoyed 3,419,000 visits annual increase. According to research by Google and London across the Science Museum Group international tours of Collider and is becoming the director of the Chicago (+2%) – the highest attendance in the museum’s & Partners, the mayor’s official promotional with more than 5.5 million visits to our Science and Splendour. Botanic Garden and Sue Fisher, director history – and welcomed 458,000 visitors in The National Media Museum saw a strong rise company for the city, the Science Museum education groups, of which 390,000 were to 460,000 attendances (+11%), including 30,000 was the most googled museum on the planet five museums. The Science Museum in of development, is moving to Ampleforth children and young people, a new record for visits to hands-on events in a nine-day partnership during summer 2015. London set its own record with Outside of our pure museum business, College. We wish them both well. a UK museum. with Horrible Science books.

54 55 RETURN TO CONTENTS PAGE FIVE WORLD-BEATING MUSEUMS OUR GENEROUS SUPPORTERS O

We extend our grateful thanks to all those individuals, families and organisations that have chosen to support the work of the Science Museum Group

Lord Rees of Ludlow Craftmaster Paints Alan E Moore CBE SCIENCE MUSEUM Sir Martin Smith and Lady Smith OBE Dellner Ltd Wick Moorman NATIONAL MEDIA MUSEUM SCIENCE MUSEUM FOUNDATION ESG Raymond Price Corporate supporters Newton Circle Eurostar International Limited Richard Robertson Corporate supporters The Science Museum Foundation was set up in Accenture Lord Archer and Dame Mary Archer Eversholt Rail Ltd Andrew Scott CBE British Kinematograph Sound and Television Society 2012 to support the fundraising efforts of the group. Airbus Group Bridget and David Jacob Ffestiniogg & Welsh Highland Railways Phil and Caroline Swallow Laser Hotline We are grateful to the following for their continued ARM Mr and Mrs Michael G Wilson First TransPennine Express Joe Tonks Media Servicing Limited involvement and support: Bayer plc Friends of the National Railway Museum Mrs Sandra Turnbull Virgin Media BG Group plc Galileo Circle GB Railfreight Ltd John Woodhouse Donors Bionic Yarn Lord Borwick of Hawkshead Grand Central Railway Company Ltd Individuals Lord Borwick of Hawkshead Bloomberg Philanthropies Dr Ann Coxon Great Western Railway Rocket Circle Tom March, Cinerama aficionado Mr and Mrs Donald Brydon BP The de Laszlo Foundation Hornby plc William R Adam The David and Claudia Harding Foundation BT Andreas J Goss John McAslan + Partners David and Patricia Buck Trusts, foundations and government Edwina Dunn Citadel Christopher and Judy Hurrion Knorr-Bremse Rail Systems UK Ian Clatworthy Arts Council England Lord Rees of Ludlow Danone Steve Mobbs and Pauline Thomas Linbrooke Services Frank Clough British Film Institute Sir Martin Smith and Lady Smith OBE ghd Pi Capital McKinsey & Company John F Dixon City of Bradford Metropolitan District Council Mr and Mrs Michael G Wilson GlaxoSmithKline Lawrence and Alice Staden Mechan Ltd Connor Egan Department for Business, Innovation & Skills Google Mott MacDonald C H Emeleus Department for Culture, Media & Sport Trustees Grant Thornton Einstein Circle Network Rail LNE&EM Route The Flour Mill Japan Foundation London Mr Adrian Beecroft The Institution of Engineering and Technology Sir John and Lady Chisholm Northern Rail Edward Arthur Gale The Morrisons Foundation Lord Borwick of Hawkshead King Mr Andrew Eland and Dr Pascale Hazel Omnicom Engineering Ltd Mr Rod Giddins All those who wish to remain anonymous Mr Donald Brydon CBE MathWorks Mr and Mrs Simon Godwin Porterbrook Richard Harper Professor Richard Clegg ReAgent Hipolit and Hieronim Hodges Pulsar Light Dick Lane Mr Howard Covington Samsung Andrew Jackson Rail Media Group Derek Langslow CBE Mr Bob Cowell Shell Dr Kartar Lalvani OBE REPTA Stephen Middleton Ms Edwina Dunn Siemens plc Dr Sara Levene Ricardo Rail Peter J C Mosse FRSA Mr Michael Hoffman Smiths Group plc Renato Lulia Jacob Ryder Architecture David J P Nevell Lord Rees of Ludlow Statoil Paul Murray Science City York Ian Robinson Sir Martin Smith URENCO Sean Phelan and Audrey Mandela Shepherd Group Chris Taylor Mr Michael G Wilson OBE Virgin Media Clive Richards OBE Siemens Transportation Systems Ltd Nigel Wall Winton Capital Management Thales UK Dean Welbourn Wire Broadcast Ltd Brunel Circle Virgin Trains Rodney Wilson Toby Anstruther Wabtec Rail Ltd Individuals Mr Ian Blatchford West Coast Railways Bridget and David Jacob Iain Bratchie West Japan Railway Company Dr Sara Levene David and Patricia Buck MUSEUM OF SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY Hans K Rausing Mr and Mrs Mark Chapman Individuals Simon and Kate Reid Steve Clarke B Holdsworth Corporate supporters Dr Martin Schoernig Dr John L Collins Nigel Holland Civil Engineering Contractors Mr and Mrs Michael G Wilson John and Elaine Elkington Dorothy Manfield Association North West All those who wish to remain anonymous Mr and Mrs Andrew Griffith Elizabeth Manfield Electricity North West Ltd GRoW Annenberg Foundation Miss Lorna G Newman Haydale Limited Trusts, foundations and government Fiona Kumar Bhardwaj Oliver-Jones family Manchester Science Partnerships Arts and Humanities Research Council George and Angela Loudon Mr Peter Shears North West Business Leadership Team Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Alan and Virginia Lovell All those who wish to remain anonymous Renold plc Research Council Andrew and Joanne McGowan Siemens plc The Charles Hayward Foundation Lesley and Arthur I Miller Trusts, foundations and government United Utilities Dana and Albert R Broccoli Foundation Alexandra Papadakis The Sylvia and Colin Shepherd Charitable Trust University of Salford The de Laszlo Foundation Guy Reid West Yorkshire Combined Authority Waters Corporation Department for Business, Innovation & Skills Dr Neil Reid Friends of the National Libraries Marcin Jerzy Roth Legacies Trusts, foundations and government Heritage Lottery Fund Mr and Mrs R A Saldanha Roger Emerson Alzheimer’s Research UK Horizon 2020 European Union Funding for Dr Martin Schoernig Mr Christopher J King Department for Business, Innovation & Skills Research & Innovation Ian and Helen Simm Kenneth W Lovett Department for Culture, Media & Sport The Ironmongers’ Company Chris Swinson OBE Margaret Cecilia Scott Engineering and Physical The Keniston-Cooper Charitable Trust Mr David A Trapnell Sciences Research Council The Leathersellers’ Company Charitable Fund Nigel Wilkins Patrons Friends of the Museum of Science and The Leverhulme Trust Paul and Justine Williams Industry in Manchester Lloyd’s Register Foundation Dame Fiona Woolf Mallard Circle Players of People’s Postcode Lottery The Lord Leonard Wolfson and Michael Harry Sacher Charitable Trust Wellcome Trust Lady Estelle Wolfson Foundation Tom and Marie Spence (USA) The Zochonis Charitable Trust Parasol Foundation Trust All those who wish to remain anonymous The Science Museum director’s annual dinner where we thank our supporters Players of People’s Postcode Lottery NATIONAL RAILWAY MUSEUM Scotsman Circle Royal Academy of Engineering Dr Ian M Holland Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851 Corporate supporters Ian Macbeth The Vandervell Foundation Abellio Group Mr Harry Medcalf Individual philanthropists play a unique role as Trusts, foundations and lottery bodies provide Wellcome Trust Alstom Transport UK Neil Millington SUPPORTING THE SCIENCE MUSEUM GROUP transformational donors and enjoy special access to essential and substantial support for our new gallery The Wolfson Foundation Ambersphere William N Smith bring them closer to our museums, collections and developments, exhibitions, learning programmes Angel Trains Ltd Francis Townend The financial support of our visitors and partners programmes. and wider public engagement. Patrons Arriva UK Trains Ltd provides critical funding for the museums’ core Arup Group Ltd Duchess Circle priorities and future plans. We are grateful to all Corporate supporters partner with us across a Visitor giving provides an opportunity for all our Honorary Atkins plc Derek Arrand those who have kindly made a donation to support range of activities including gallery and exhibition visitors to support our museums. Mr and Mrs Donald Brydon Atlantic Container Line Cryptair Ltd the work of the Science Museum Group. sponsorships. Howard Covington Bachmann Industries Europe plc M R Darbyshire For further information, please contact us on Edwina Dunn Bombardier Transportation UK Ltd Mr D A Fagan There are a number of different ways to become Patrons support the work of the museums through 020 7942 4041 or e-mail David and Claudia Harding Central Japan Railway Company Keith John Kellett a supporter: their annual donations and enjoy special access to [email protected] Mercedes and Michael Hoffman Colas Rail Tom Kolisch our museums, collections and programmes.

56 57 RETURN TO CONTENTS PAGE FIVE WORLD-BEATING MUSEUMS THE BIGGEST MUSEUM ALLIANCE IN SCIENCE SCIENCE MUSEUM, LONDON

Professor Molly Stevens Professor Helen Storey MBE

National Railway Museum Advisory Board Chairman: Mr Simon Linnett (Trustee)

Mr Philip Benham Mr David Brown, from January 2016 Rt Hon. Lord Faulkner of Worcester (Trustee and observer) Mr Bryan Gray CBE Professor Ludmilla Jordanova (Trustee) Dr Ellen McAdam, from September 2015 Professor Clive Roberts, from June 2015 Dr Gill Samuels CBE (Trustee), until August 2015 Mr Adrian Shooter CBE Ms Sarah Tanburn, until June 2015 Mr Anton Valk CBE (Trustee) Mr Christian Wolmar

Museum of Science and Industry Advisory Board Chairman: Dr Gill Samuels CBE (Trustee), until August 2015 SMG chairman Dame Mary Archer presenting Science Museum fellowships to businessman and donor David Harding and to American-British Nobelist neuroscientist Professor John O’Keefe Professor Russell G Foster CBE (Trustee), from September 2015

SCIENCE MUSEUM GROUP OBJECTIVES the prime minister through DCMS. The Professor Colin Bailey The Science Museum Group (SMG) is devoted to director of SMG, as chief executive officer, is Dr Maria Balshaw the history and contemporary practice of science, responsible to the Board of Trustees, and as Mr Michael Emmerich medicine, technology, industry and media accounting officer is accountable to DCMS for Rt Hon. Lord Faulkner of Worcester throughout which the common bond is human compliance with the Management Statement (Trustee and observer) ingenuity. Our collections form an enduring and Financial Memorandum. Clare Hudson, from April 2015 record of scientific, technological and medical Mr Steve Johnson change since the 18th century. SMG incorporates All those named in this page held office during Sir Richard Leese CBE the Science Museum, its library and archive and the year under review, 2015­–16 Professor Andy Miah, from March 2016 Star exhibit: Handley Page HP39 Gugnunc aeroplane (1929), which will hang as a centrepiece in the new Mathematics gallery the Wellcome Collection of the History of Medicine Rt Hon. Baroness Morris, from December 2015 Dr Erinma Ochu in South Kensington; the National Railway Museum Chairman Director: Ian Blatchford AUDIENCES Almagest, letters written by Sir Humphry in York and Shildon; the Museum of Science and Dame Mary Archer DBE Professor David A Phoenix CBE (Trustee), Industry in Manchester; and the National Media from April 2015 Science Museum The museum attracts about 3.4 million Davy and Charles Babbage’s drawings for Museum in Bradford. Our two major collections Members Exhibition Road visits a year, half in family groups and his calculating engines. stores are located at Wroughton in Wiltshire and Mr Howard Covington, until April 2016 National Media Museum Advisory Board London SW7 2DD 1 in 13 in education groups, typically Blythe House in West Kensington. Mr Matthew d’Ancona Chairman: Lord Grade of Yarmouth CBE (Trustee) Professor Dame Athene Donald DBE www.sciencemuseum.org.uk 450,000 per year (more than 40% BAME). The museum has pioneered interactive Our strategic objectives across SMG are to Rt Hon. Lord Faulkner of Worcester Ms Samira Ahmed, from May 2015 Our recent blockbuster exhibitions have science interpretation for more than aspire to the highest international museum Miss Sharon Flood Ms Yvonne Baker, from May 2015 OBJECTIVES attracted independent adult visitors in 80 years and the new Dana Research standards in the care and preservation of Professor Russell G Foster CBE Mr Pierre Brahm, until May 2015 collections, scholarship, programming, Mr Andreas J Goss Professor Brian Cantor As the home of human ingenuity the growing numbers. The Science Museum Centre and Library reinforces our learning and advocacy for our subject areas; Lord Grade of Yarmouth CBE Baroness Margaret Eaton DBE, from May 2015 Science Museum has a mission to make is a must-see London destination, with research ambitions, while the Antenna strengthen our core narratives and deliver Professor Ludmilla Jordanova Professor Elizabeth Edwards, from May 2015 sense of the science that shapes our a third of general admissions from and Who Am I? galleries are flagships for dynamic gallery displays; implement clear Mr Simon Linnett Ms Kersten England, from September 2015 lives. This commitment drives everything overseas. We are the most googled cutting-edge science. Such distinguished audience strategies that focus on providing Professor Averil Macdonald OBE Professor Russell G Foster CBE (Trustee) life-enhancing experiences; extend our reach Professor David A Phoenix OBE Mr Philippe Garner we do. Through our world-class museum in the world, with 40% of our figures as Nobel laureates, ministers and nationally and internationally; be an organisation Dr Gill Samuels CBE (Trustee), until August 2015 Ms Suzan Hemingway, until June 2015 collections of original historic objects, website traffic coming from abroad. Oscar winners appear in museum events that is extrovert, entrepreneurial, efficient and Mr Anton Valk CBE Mrs Sally Joynson, from May 2015 galleries, interactive experiences and that include monthly adults only Lates dedicated to the development of great people. Rt Hon. Lord Willetts Mr Matt Locke, until May 2015 Dame Fiona Woolf CBE Professor Averil Macdonald (Trustee), our learning programmes we aim to HIGHLIGHTS evenings and in our IMAX auditorium THE CHARITY until April 2015 be the leading international museum The Science Museum traces its origins enhanced to host live productions, as The Board of Trustees of the Science Museum OUR DISTINGUISHED ADVISERS Baroness Manzoor, until September 2015 championing the understanding, from the Great Exhibition of 1851 when well as 3D and 70 mm films. Dr Annette Nabavi was established under the National Heritage Act Science Museum Advisory Board enjoyment and prestige of science its world-class collections of original 1983. SMG is an exempt charity under the Second Chairman: Mr Howard Covington (Trustee), Ms Carolyn Reynolds, until December 2015 Schedule of the Charities Act 1994. until April 2016 Ms Gillian Reynolds MBE in modern society. To help create a artefacts began amassing to represent FUTURE AMBITIONS Rt Hon. Lord Willetts (Trustee), from April 2016 Dr Gill Samuels CBE (Trustee and observer), scientifically literate society and inspire the history of science, technology, This year: impressive new temporary The Science Museum Group comprises: until August 2015 the next generation, our Strategic engineering and medicine. Among our exhibitions about robots, big data and the Science Museum, London Mr Matthew d’Ancona (Trustee), from April 2015 National Railway Museum, York and Shildon Ms Jane Atkinson Ambitions focus on four core themes: key exhibits are Arkwright’s prototype medical innovations of the First World Museum of Science and Industry, Manchester Dr Sarah Caddick NEW FELLOWS OF THE SCIENCE MUSEUM climate science and sustainability, spinning machine (1769), Stephenson’s War, plus the opening of two important National Media Museum, Bradford Professor Dame Athene Donald DBE (Trustee) David Harding: in appreciation of his medicine, informatics and the science of steam engine Rocket (1829), Cooke and new galleries, Mathematics: The David SCMG Enterprises Ltd Dr Marcus du Sautoy distinguished contribution to the advancement data, and understanding the universe. Wheatstone’s telegraph (1837), the Pilot and Claudia Harding Gallery, designed by Mr Malcolm Garrett of science education, research and philanthropy. BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE Dr Lucie Green Professor John O’Keefe: in appreciation of his This ten-year strategy, implemented in ACE computer (1950) and the Apollo Zaha Hadid Architects, and our exciting SCIENCE MUSEUM GROUP Sir Tim Hunt, until February 2016 distinguished contribution to the advancement 2012, includes a commitment to focus on 10 capsule that went into lunar orbit in new interactive gallery for the young. Our The Board of Trustees of the Science Museum is Sir Paul Nurse, from March 2016 of world science through research and advocacy. the urgent choices faced by society and 1969. Our library and archive collections Masterplan continues to transform the responsible for the whole of the Science Museum Professor Michael J Reiss Alexei Arkipovich Leonov: in appreciation of his Group. The Trustees, who may number between Dr Gill Samuels CBE (Trustee), until August 2015 distinguished contribution to the advancement the fundamental science and technology include rare and significant items such as museum, and will repurpose one-third 12 and 20, are appointed by and are responsible to Professor Simon J Schaffer of human space exploration. that underpin them. the first Latin translation of Ptolemy’s of our floor space.

58 59 RETURN TO CONTENTS PAGE FIVE WORLD-BEATING MUSEUMS NATIONAL RAILWAY MUSEUM, YORK AND SHILDON MUSEUM OF SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY, MANCHESTER

Star exhibit: Rocket replica, photographed in 1996 at a cavalcade that formed part of NRM’s 21st anniversary celebrations Star exhibit: Replica of the Baby or SSEM computer, the world’s first stored-program computer, which ran its first program in 1948

Director: Paul Kirkman first passenger railway of 1825. Shildon is items include coins and medals, railway Director: Sally MacDonald also committed to growing our audience Manchester Science Festival. Each National Railway Museum known as the ‘cradle of the railways’. uniforms and costumes, equipment, Museum of Science and Industry of independent adults. October half term it attracts the best Leeman Road documents, records, artwork, Liverpool Road, Castlefield scientists from Manchester and beyond York YO26 4XJ AUDIENCES photographs and even a lock of Robert Manchester M3 4FP HIGHLIGHTS to showcase current research and www.nrm.org.uk Our museum in York appeals successfully Stephenson’s hair. Twenty-seven of the www.mosi.org.uk We care for a globally important heritage promote the region’s rich heritage of to family groups, who make up about locomotives in the collection are in full site comprising five listed buildings, two innovation. OBJECTIVES half of our visitors. More than two-thirds working order, maintained by an army OBJECTIVES of them listed Grade 1. This site was the The National Railway Museum’s vision of our audience are non-enthusiasts, of eager volunteers and apprentices at The Museum of Science and Industry is original terminus of the world’s first FUTURE AMBITIONS is to be the prime showcase in the world including our growth audience of adult both York and Shildon. Manchester’s most visited museum. We inter-city railway and our characteristic We aim to remain an essential and for the huge impact railways and their nostalgia-seekers. A large proportion of aim to inspire visitors through ideas that 1830 Warehouse epitomises distinctive cultural venue in the heart technology have had in the past and will visitors come from outside the Yorkshire FUTURE AMBITIONS change the world, from the Industrial Manchester’s 19th-century reputation as of the city and a significant centre for have in the future on people, the economy, and Humber region, many from overseas. The museum’s highly anticipated Revolution to today and beyond. We pride ‘the warehouse of the western world’. science discovery and learning. To this society and the environment in Britain and Scotsman season illustrates the history ourselves on being uniquely placed to tell end, we have created a long-term the wider world. We focus on appealing HIGHLIGHTS of the locomotive and train service. this story through our historic location on Key objects in the collection include Masterplan which includes the creation boldly to non-specialist audiences, The NRM is a world authority on railway An exhibition at our York site will tell the site of the oldest surviving passenger the models used by John Dalton to of our new special exhibition gallery showcasing the modern railway industry, history and preservation, and holds the forgotten story of First World War railway station, right in the heart of a demonstrate his atomic theory, laying opening in 2018. This ambitious project creating new public spaces and galleries the world’s largest collection of 70,000 ambulance trains, which transported the city steeped in scientific discovery and the foundations of modern chemistry; will transform the vaults of our historic and responding to developments in the railway artefacts from 300 years of sick and injured to hospitals across Europe. innovation. We combine this landmark parts from the world’s first viaduct and 1830 Warehouse into a venue museum’s surroundings. railway history. Locomotives and other feature with our vibrant, year-round commercially available computer, the for world-class contemporary science rail vehicles in the collection include Sans We continue our award-winning contemporary science programme Ferranti Mark I; and one of the world’s exhibitions located in the most significant The NRM comprises a main museum Pareil, a competitor in the 1829 Rainhill partnership with York Theatre Royal created to inspire, surprise and enlighten largest collections of working steam mill part of our site – the 1830 complex. in York housed in inspiring historic Trials won by Rocket; the famous Flying with a theatrical interpretation of our our audiences of all ages. engines, which visitors can see in action buildings and a second museum in Scotsman; the elegantly streamlined Ambulance Trains exhibition. Other in the Power Hall. There are also daily This transformation will also enable us Shildon, County Durham. The NRM in world steam speed record-holder collaborations include working AUDIENCES demonstrations from spinning to to continue our relationship with major Shildon is operated in partnership with Mallard; the only Japanese bullet train alongside the rail industry and Families continue to be our largest weaving on original machines in the STEM-focused organisations, such Durham County Council and houses outside Japan; a giant Chinese steam budding young engineers as part of group of visitors, while almost 1 in 10 museum’s Textiles gallery. as the Wellcome Trust and Siemens plc, some of the National Collection in a new locomotive; and a world-class collection our new Future Engineers event. Our visits are made in educational groups. to help build and further develop our building. A charismatic 19th-century site of royal trains, among them Queen Masterplan focuses on the Great Hall Our aim is to inspire the next generation One of the flagship events in our cultural reputation and the city’s as a globally also features the former workshop of Adelaide’s saloon (the oldest preserved and opportunities presented by the of scientists, engineers, designers, calendar, enlivening science for people significant place for science innovation Timothy Hackworth, built for the world’s railway carriage in Europe). Other development of York Central. chemists and entrepreneurs. We are of all ages, is the 11-day multi-venue and understanding.

60 61 RETURN TO CONTENTS PAGE FIVE WORLD-BEATING MUSEUMS NATIONAL MEDIA MUSEUM, BRADFORD SCIENCE MUSEUM GROUP STORE, WROUGHTON

The Science Museum Group’s collection contains a superb range of large objects available for both exhibitions and research. Huge artefacts are stored at and brought out for display from a site of equally impressive scale, a 545-acre former airfield at Wroughton in Wiltshire.

Star exhibit: The Kodak No. 1 This year one of the largest objects camera (1889) used roll film and conserved at Wroughton has been the produced photographs such as this, Woman in a Rowing Boat, about 1890. Gugnunc biplane that will feature in the new Mathematics gallery. The plane was moved into a specially created dehumidification tent to dry out moisture inside it, ensuring that there will be no sudden changes that could damage its fragile surfaces once installed in the Science Museum.

The group’s new strategy for collection services [see page 44] designates Wroughton as a national hub that enables At Wroughton: Simulated image highlights the scale of the solar park the collection to be accessed and used across and beyond the museums. currently located at Blythe House in energised, it will put four times as much London as well as replacing some electricity into the National Grid as we Following the chancellor’s spending existing facilities. use as a group, while providing a reliable review in December and the income stream. We are also looking at announcement of strategic government The year also saw the construction of the potential to raise further income Director: Jo Quinton-Tulloch cinemas and about 9% are from BAME of photographs from 1911 to the mid- investment in storage, Wroughton will a solar park in the centre of the airfield through Wroughton by providing storage National Media Museum backgrounds. Increasing numbers 1960s – a fascinating record of local be further developed to rehouse objects by British Solar Renewables. When to other museums there. Pictureville of visitors have been attracted by the and international events. Bradford BD1 1NQ vastly improved IMAX cinema which is www.nationalmediamuseum.org.uk attracting a younger audience to the Europe’s first IMAX theatre opened museum and helping to drive income. right here in the museum in 1983, and OBJECTIVES we house two other cinemas which can BLYTHE HOUSE COLLECTIONS STORE, LONDON At the National Media Museum we HIGHLIGHTS display the widest range of film formats. explore the science and culture of image The National Media Museum is situated The Pictureville cinema boasts the only Behind the preparations for the Science solution for the storage of our collection, and sound technologies, and their impact in the heart of Bradford, UNESCO City of permanent, regularly programmed Museum’s forthcoming major galleries and offering only very limited access on our lives. The museum’s specialism Film. Traditional and interactive galleries Cinerama installation in Europe, a on mathematics and medicine lies for researchers. in image and sound technologies draws located across seven floors investigate magnet for enthusiasts worldwide. Blythe House, the group’s small-object in particular on its unrivalled collections and celebrate the technologies that sit store at Olympia in London. Here, Following the chancellor’s announcement in the development of photography, film behind film, photography, television, FUTURE AMBITIONS curators select artefacts for display, of £150 million for the three museums and television. Our objective is to become animation and new media. The next phase of development will be photographers digitise them and to relocate storage from Blythe House a dynamic and inclusive museum, a major £1.8 million interactive gallery, conservators prepare them. to facilities fit for the 21st century, internationally recognised for its world- The museum is home to more than expected to open in March 2017. This plans are being drawn up to move class collections and for using them in 3 million items of historical significance is being designed in partnership with Highlights of the past year for the about 320,000 of our objects. As well meaningful and inspiring ways. in its national collections of photography, leading agency Ab Rogers Design and busy team of conservators included as carefully packing the many fragile cinematography and television. Pivotal will be the museum’s first new gallery the meticulous cleaning of 300 pieces artefacts, the need to handle every one AUDIENCES world firsts include the Leeds-made in more than five years. Then the of an Automaton Lathe that will be provides an efficient opportunity to The largest single section of our audience camera used by Louis Augustin Le Treasures galleries will provide a worthy reassembled for a future exhibition on digitise the collection. comes as part of a family group and Prince in 1888 to make the earliest showcase for the extraordinary and robots, alongside thousands of objects continues to grow. The museum is an moving pictures in Britain; Kodak No. 1, earliest examples of technology in our decanted from the former medicine Nobody is pretending that photographing important attraction and resource for the American-made camera that collection. They will also draw on the galleries at the Science Museum. and moving objects on this scale will be communities in Yorkshire – especially enabled mass photography from 1889; wider SMG collection to broaden that anything other than a giant undertaking, Bradford District and Leeds – and the and John Logie Baird’s apparatus used story to cover sound, as well as other The group currently shares a third of but the outcome – enabling greater majority of visitors come from the region. to produce the first true television light-based technologies. Together, Blythe House with the V&A and the access to the collection online and for

Almost a fifth of our 460,000 visitors pictures in Soho in 1925. We also house these new permanent galleries will At Blythe: Conservation intern Louise Stewart working British Museum. It is, however, an ageing researchers – will be a boon for the come to watch a film in one of our the Daily Herald archive, a vast collection give the museum a new lease of life. on an object for display in the Wounded exhibition facility that is not a sustainable long-term public, our collections and SMG.

62 63 RETURN TO CONTENTS PAGE WHAT WE LENT OUT In 2015–16 the Science Museum Group loaned 2745 objects to 159 different venues To: National Football Museum, To: STEAM – Museum of in the UK and 154 objects to another 31 Manchester, UK the Great Western Railway, overseas. Here’s where ten ended up Model 14T3 black-and- Swindon, UK white television (1952), by No. 3440 City of Truro, a 4-4-0 Ferranti Ltd, on long-term steam locomotive designed Sources: loan since 2012. This model by William Dean and built by SM – Science Museum, London was launched at a time when the Great Western Railway at NRM – National Railway Museum, York and Shildon MSI – Museum of Science and Industry, Manchester television sets were becoming Swindon, 1903. A new addition NMeM – National Media Museum, Bradford much more popular in Britain, to our long-term loan of 1000 in the run-up to the Queen’s objects to this museum. coronation. Source: NRM Source: MSI

To: Fundación Mapfre, Madrid, To: Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj To: Ironbridge Gorge Museum To: Arlington Court and the Spain and George Eastman Vastu Sangrahalaya (CSMVS), Trust, Telford, UK National Trust Carriage House, Rochester, USA Mumbai, India Making Embankment, Museum, Barnstaple, UK Fantasia (1957), by Alvin Polychrome devil mask Bugbrooke (1837), a wash Early Punch carriage (date Langdon Coburn, photographic (1770–1920), representing drawing by John Cooke unknown). An unusual design print loaned to the exhibition a red-faced devil wearing Bourne from a collection of believed to have been built Alvin Langdon Coburn. Coburn a headdress adorned with views on the construction of for a country doctor. Part of a was a key figure at the cobras, used in Kolam, a type the London & Birmingham long-term loan of 17 objects. beginning of the avant-garde of folk drama performed in Railway. Loaned to To Check Source: SM photography movement and Sri Lanka. Loaned to Medicine the Tide of Prejudice: John one of the most important and Healing in India. Cooke Bourne and the London photographers of the first Source: SM & Birmingham Railway. half of the 20th century. Source: NRM Source: NMeM

To: JCII Camera Museum, To: The Louvre, Paris, France To: Royal College of Physicians, To: National Maritime Museum, Tokyo, Japan Coalbrookdale by Night London, UK London, UK Talbot mousetrap camera (1801), oil painting by Philippe John Dee’s crystal (1582), Morland’s calculating (c. 1835), an example of the Jacques de Loutherbourg. maker unknown. Used for machine (1666), with stylus experimental devices William This archetypal image of clairvoyance and to treat and leather case, made by Henry Fox Talbot used in the Industrial Revolution disease. Loaned to Scholar, Humphrey Adamson and developing photography, depicting flames from open Courtier, Magican: The Lost engraved ‘Samuel Morland, loaned to The History of the coke hearths was loaned to Library of John Dee. Inventor, 1666’. Loaned to British Camera. A Brief History of the Future. Source: SM Samuel Pepys: Plague, Fire, Source: NMeM Source: SM Revolution. Source: SM

64 RETURN TO CONTENTS PAGE WHAT WE COLLECTED AND WHY Hadrian Ellory-van Dekker, Science Museum head of collections and chief curator, explains

What to acquire? Or, what not to demonstrating the social impact Caddow quilt (1886) Pixelvision video camera (1988) Soviet Railways leaflets BioSure HIV self-testing kit (2015) acquire? This remains a continual of cinema in South Africa in A hand-woven decorative cotton Developed by toy company Fisher and handbills (1963) Manufactured by BioSure, Nazeing, dilemma for curators – particularly the 1920s. And a humble quilt quilt, made to commemorate the Price, the PXL-2000 black-and-white Collected by British Railways Essex. The first over-the-counter at a time when the future celebrating a romantic engagement engagement or wedding of John camcorder gained popularity with employee James Collin when he self-testing kit to go on sale in the sustainability of growing public in Manchester in the 19th century and Mary Lomax. The recipients amateur and underground film- visited Moscow in 1964. The imagery UK following the controversial collections is a necessary topic for shows that new technologies did came from a family of weavers makers in the 1990s. The grainy, and style make an interesting legalisation of self-testing in 2014. discussion and action. However, the not immediately displace traditional and the quilt shows that the use of low-resolution, trailing images contrast with the launch of British Science Museum Group remains manufacturing. Here is a small traditional hand-weaving continued give a dream-like quality which has Rail’s new corporate identity in 1965. committed to building a world- selection of the objects chosen this even after mechanisation. become something of a cult. leading collection that captures the year that epitomise our endeavours. landmarks of Britain’s industrial and scientific past and the infinite challenges of the present.

Across the group, we believe passionately in the unique power of objects to connect with history’s turning points, such as this key 19th-century map of the night sky (right). A major strength is reflecting breakthroughs, with acquisitions this year including the UK’s first HIV self-testing kit. Our collection is set in an international context through items such as photographs

Shadow Biped robot (1987–97) right Designed by David Buckley and made by the Shadow Robotics Project Group, London. Intended as a project to attract members to the group, it was one of the first biped robots built outside Japan. Acquired for the 2017 Robots exhibition.

Uranographia, sive astrorum descriptio (1801) far right First edition of one of the most important illustrated celestial atlases showing stars visible to the unaided eye, mapped by the German director of the Berlin Observatory, Johann Elert Bode, who also named the planet Uranus. RETURN TO CONTENTS PAGE

You get the sight, the sound, the smell, the heat – a A RAILWAY spectacle touching all your senses. When it is running like COLOSSUS that, a steam locomotive is alive IS REBORN ANDREW MCLEAN NRM HEAD CURATOR

This year marked the long-awaited return of the legendary steam locomotive Flying Scotsman to the tracks after a decade-long restoration project. The 1923 locomotive, the sole survivor of the A3 class designed by Sir Nigel Gresley, roared up the east coast main line to its York home in February. As the UK’s oldest main-line working locomotive, Scotsman sported the British Railways green livery and the number 60103 it carried at retirement from regular service in 1963. Its eagerly anticipated inaugural run, a thank you to all those who made the restoration possible, kicked off the National Railway Museum’s Scotsman season – a homage to this most famous of all steam engines, which was the first to record an authenticated speed of 100 mph in 1934.

Buying Flying Scotsman for the nation at a cost of £2.3 million turned out to be the easy part. A restoration expected to last 18 months when it began in 2006 turned out to require replacement of nearly every vital part, including the boiler, all built to original specifications. ‘Anything else’, said engineering manager Simon Holroyd, ‘just wouldn’t be Flying Scotsman. You would have lost its heritage.’

The most complicated engineering jigsaw puzzle of recent times finally reached completion in the Bury workshop of Riley & Son (E) Ltd. The last lap of this complex project included the boiler being craned onto the icon’s frames in August. Next, the modern equipment that is needed for running on Britain’s main- line tracks was fitted by electrical engineer Mandy Sharpe.

In the final weeks of 2015 the fire was lit for the first time and Scotsman roared back to life. News crews have followed its every move since.

National Railway Museum head curator Andrew McLean summed up the steam giant’s appeal. ‘You can’t fly on Concorde now. You can’t cross the Atlantic on the original Queen Mary. But you will be able to travel on a train hauled by Flying Scotsman.’

VIEW THIS flyingscotsman.org.uk Renovation of Flying Scotsman in the Bury workshop of Riley & Son… brought into the age of technology by electrical engineer Mandy Sharpe... and crewed on the east coast main line by professionals who were loving it