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MARGINAL NOTES Ministry of s- Miller LOCATION: , Ingram, Pense, Armstrong, Hilliard, Natural ^ , ^ and Townships are in the District of Timiskaming Dr. J. K. Reynolds Deputy Minister between Latitudes 47049© and 470 51© North and Longitudes 790 31© and 790 53© West. and Earlton are the prin Ontario cipal communities, and in addition there are several smaller MARTER TP. communities, e.g., at the southern boundary of the ONTARIO GEOLOGICAL SURVEY map-area, and Tomstown, Hilliardton, and Heaslip within the map-area. PRELIMINARY MAP R1220

Excellent access is provided to all but the northeastern part GEOLOGICAL SERIES of Pense Township: by highways 11, 571, 562, 640, and 569, by the Ontario Northland Railway main line and the spur line from Earlton junction towards Elk Lake, by lot and conces EVANTUREL TOWNSHIP sion line roads in the townships, all of which are subdivided, and by the Englehart and Blanche Rivers. 17,390,000 DISTRICT OF TIMISKAMING Scale: 1:15,840 or 1 inch to !4 mile MINERAL EXPLORATION: Because of the extensive cover of soil and flat-lying Paleozoic and Proterozoic rocks over NTS Reference: 31M/13W ODM-GSC Aeromagnetic Map: 515G, 1494G the Early Precambrian rocks, which are the most favourable ODM Geological Compilation Map: 2205 for metals other than the silver-cobalt assemblage, exploration has been confined mainly to Pense Township, where most of OMNR-OGS1977 the exposures of Early Precambrian rocks occur. Exploration has been carried out on showings of silver, Parts of this publication may be quoted if credit is given to the Ontario Ministry of Natural blue clay 141 Resources, Division of Mines, Geological Branch and the material is properly referenced. lead, and copper associated with Nipissing Diabase, particu msnd larly in Ingram Township.

GENERAL GEOLOGY: Present in the map-area are rocks of f blue clay 150 Early Precambrian (Archean), Middle Precambrian, and : msnd 45 Paleozoic ages. grvl 3 The Early Precambrian rocks include: Pontiac-type meta- sedimentary schists and gneisses, Keewatin-type metavolcanics intruded by small bodies of granitic syenite and ultramafic rock, and one dike of Diabase (in Pense Town ship). The Middle Precambrian rocks consist of Cobalt Group sedimentary rocks and Nipissing "Diabase" complex intrusive rocks. Flat-lying Paleozoic rocks consisting of Ordovician and cylindroidal Silurian limestone, shale, and sandstone underlie the central joints part of the Englehart-Earlton area. The map-area is at the heart of the Little Clay Belt farm soil 3 land, which has been developed mainly on silt and clay that msnd,silt 19 were deposited on the bottom of Pleistocene pro-glacial Lake muck 39 blue clay 160 Barlow-Ojibway between about 10,300 and 8,700 years clay 76 hpan 4 Before Present. clay.bldr 27 grvl 1 hpan 1 msnd,clay,bldr 10 STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY: The Englehart-Earlton area .17 contains two main sets of faults, the northwest-striking Lake INDEX MAP Scale : 1:1,013,760 or l inch to 16 miles Timiskaming Rift Valley faults (Lovell and Caine 1970) and north-striking faults. The emplacement of a Matachewan Diabase dike in Pense Township, concession III, lot 10 may have been controlled by a fault of the latter set. LEGEND

Most of the farmland is contained in down-dropped rift PHANEROZOIC blocks bounded by the Lake Timiskaming West Shore Fault CENOZOIC Zone and the Blanche River Fault Zone. QUATERNARY Part of the course of Evanturel Creek and part of the PLEISTOCENE AND RECENT flow north along a distinct set of lineaments Till, varved clay, sand, gravel, peat roughly parallel to the Onaping-Matachewan Diabase faults. These lineaments probably mark the extension of the fault UNCONFORMITY zone under the Munro Esker near . Englehart©s blue clay 118 municipal water supply is derived from wells in the fault zone, Imsn 32 PALEOZOIC and Earlton©s wells are less than 2.5 km (iy2 miles) east of shale 80 SILURIAN (LOWER AND MIDDLE) the fault zone. l msn 17 o Thornloe (Clinton) Formation 13 Limestone, dolostone, sandstone The Early Precambrian rocks (in Pense and Brethour Wabi Formation Township) dip steeply and are generally wrapped around 17.380,000 the nose of the (domical) granitic batholith to the east in 12 Limestone, shale the adjoining part of Quebec province. ^c lay, qsnd 70 The Middle Precambrian rocks are essentially flat-lying 81 DISCONFORMITY OR PARACONFORMITY except at the edges of basins, or where rendered plastic by ORDOVICIAN (MIDDLE AND UPPER) adjacent Nipissing Diabase intrusions, or in minor dragfolds muck along faults. fsnd 42 brown cylindroida LISKEARD GROUP "blue clay b02 oints The gently,westward dipping Paleozoic rocks are largely Dawson Point, Farr, Bucke, Guigues Formations Imsn 105 red clay 25 11 11 Limestone, shale, sandstone covered by muskeg, particularly in Armstrong. blue clay 115 snds 98 Imsn ft UNCONFORMITY ECONOMIC GEOLOGY: The only major mineral production PRECAMBRIAN has been of sand, gravel, and limestone used for road fill and - brown clay 3 LATE PRECAMBRIAN other types of construction material. blue clay 114 MAFIC INTRUSIVE ROCKS (KEWEENAWAN) Judging from present indications, the best exploration Imsn © 35 10_ 10 Augite and olivine diabase potential for base metals is in the minor felsic metavolcanics shale 41 Imsn 2 MIDDLE PRECAMBRIAN and interbedded carbonaceous (amorphous graphite)© iron MAFIC INTRUSIVE ROCKS (NIPISSING) formation interbedded with the (Pontiac-type) metasedimen- 9 Unsubdivided tary schists. In these rocks sulphide mineralization including 9a Transition rock (varied texture diabase),minor granophyre and aplite sphalerite and chalcopyrite have been found in Pense Township. 8a Quartz diabase (diorite) Occurrences of the silver-cobalt mineral assemblage have 8b Hypersthene diabase (including norite) been found in the map-area, as in Ingram Township near Lake. These occurrences are in quartz-carbonate Mallard blue pi a y 85 INTRUSIVE CONTACT veins in the Nipissing Diabase, and some have a considerable variety of minerals present e.g., galena, sphalerite, and chalco HURONIAN SUPERGROUP pyrite in addition to the typical silver-cobalt types. COBALT GROUP Limestone outcropping in the map-area as hills, such as Gowganda Formation the Silurian limestone ridges southeast and north of Earlton Firstbrook Member and the hillside quarry on the escarpment west of Earlton 7 Argillite (boulders) KAP-KIG-IWAN t airport, so far as is known are not of the Ordovician type, Coleman Member that is metallurgically reactive and therefore useful in pulp PROVINCIAL PARK l mills and mine mills, and for neutralizing acidic . BOUNDARY l 6a Conglomerate Perhaps, however, the reactive Ordovician limestone underlies \ 6b Quartzitic arkose, greywacke 6c Argillite some of the Silurian bedrock of the map-area. red clay\93 muck 2 grey clay 111 hpan red clay 28 For information on the properties see Division of Mines grvl S UNCONFORMITY Miscellaneous Paper 69by H.L. Lovell. O grvl 5 T A blue clay 96 119 EARLY PRECAMBRIAN (ARCHEAN) MAFIC INTRUSIVE ROCKS (MATACHEWAN) msn 5 Diabase \ brown clay 3 \ muck 2 SELECTED.REFERENCES shale brown clay 18 FELSIC INTRUSIVE ROCKS (ALGOMAN) Imsn blue clay 114 yellow clay 15 clay 18 Imsn 36 blue clay 8 blue clay 95 Boissoneau, A.N. blue clay 75 hpan,bldr 105 4a Granitic rocks © - shale 4O qsnd 29 4b Syenite 1965: Algoma, Sudbury, Timiskaming, and Nipissing Imsn 30 snds 115 shale 122 Surficial Geology; Ontario Dept. Lands and For shale 45 12 \ INTRUSIVE CONTACT ests, Map No. S465, scale 1 inch to 8 miles. Sur Imsn 2 blue clay 82 msnd 13 \ ficial Geology 1962 to 1963. AND Imsn 48 \ MAFIC TO ULTRAMAFIC INTRUSIVE ROCKS (HAILEYBURIAN) Burrows, A.G., and Hopkins, P.E. POSSIBLE EXTRUSIVE 1922: Blanche River Area; Ontario Dept. Mines, Vol.31, J 3a Serpentinite pt.3, 22p. Accompanied by Map 31 b. 3b Gabbro and diorite

Card, K.D., Church, W.R., Franklin, J.M., Frarey, M.J., iJtue-Giav 100 INTRUSIVE CONTACTOR DISCONFORMITY Robertson, J.A., West, G.F., and Young, G.M. boundary grvl bld\ 25 1972: The Southern Province; p.335-380 in Variations in ImsrA 21 MAFIC AND INTERMEDIATE METAVOLCANICS (KEEWATIN) Tectonic Styles in Canada; Edited by R.A. Price 2a Mafic to intermediate tuffs and flows and chlorite schist and R.J.W. Douglas, Geol. Assoc. Canada, special 2b Iron formation, magnetite cherty tuff, carbonaceous sulphide-bearing paper no.11, 688p. schists and pyroclastics

Chagnon,Jean, Y. UNCONFORMITY OR CONTACT METAMORPHIC ZONATION 1968: Quinze Lake-Barriere Lake Area, Temiscaminque METASEDIMENTS (PONTIAC) County; Quebec Dept. Natural Resources, Geol. red clay 12 Rept. 134, 101 p. Accompanied by 1 map, scale 1 blue clay 82 1 Unsubdivided inch to 1 mile or 1:63,360. msnd 13 1a Quartz-biotite schist, gneiss Hoffman, D.W., Wicklund, R.E., and Richards, N.R. Imsn 48 1 b Mica-quartz-feldspar slate, greywacke 1955: Soil Survey of New Liskeard-Englehart Area; Rept. GEOLOGICAL AND SYMBOLS No.21 of the Ontario Soil Survey, 90p. Accompan ied by 1 map, scale 1 inch to 1 mile. tf Glacial striae. Jointing; (horizontal, inclined, vertical). Hriskevich, M.E. 9" Glacial fluting. Drumlin. Sheet of the muck 2 ? © Tmuck 2 Drill hole; (vertical, inclined). 1952: Petrology of the Nipissing Diabase ~) Area of bedrock outcrop. Cobalt Area of Ontario; unpubl. Ph.D. thesis, blue clay 128 Gravel pit. Princeton University, New Jersey. qsnd 220 / J Bedding, top unknown; Magnetic attraction. 1968: Petrology of the Nipissing Diabase Sill of the Co grvl 12 ^ l (inclined, vertical). balt Area, Ontario, Canada; Geol. Soc. Amer. jxJ Bedding, top indicated by Water well, bedrock Bull., Vol.79, No.10, p.1387-1404. *—l arrow; (inclined, vertical, m iintersected. overturned). Hume, G.S. Water well bedrock not red clay 7 *jr| Schistosity; (horizontal, intersected. 1917: Paleozoic Rocks of Lake Timiskaming Area; Geol. lue day 78 ^ l inclined, vertical). Surv. Canada, Sum. Rept. for 1916, p.188-192. Irrvsn 34 Contour lines. Height above 1920: The Stratigraphy and Geologic Relations of the ^ J Geological boundary, sea level in feet. *—l position interpreted. Paleozoic Outlier of Lake Timiskaming; Amer. J. Sci., Ser.4, Vol.50, p.293, 309. ^\ Fault; (assumed). 1925: The Paleozoic Outlier of Lake Timiskaming, Ontario and Quebec; Geol. Surv. Canada, Mem. METAL AND MINERAL REFERENCES 145, 129p. Ag ...... Silver hem ...... Hematite Jambor, J.L. asb ...... Asbestos mag ...... Magnetite 1971a: The Nipissing Diabase; Geol. Surv. Canada, pre bn ...... Bornite po ...... Pyrrhotite print, 66p. carb ...... Carbonate py ...... Pyrite Co ...... Cobalt qcv ...... Quartz-carbonate vein Chloritic Alteration; Geol. Surv. Canada, 1971b: Spotted cp...... Chalcopyrite qv...... Quartz vein preprint, 66p. gf...... Graphite sp...... Sphalerite 1971c: Geology of the Cobalt-Gowganda Region, Geol. gn...... Galena Surv. Canada, preprint, 32p. 1971d: Origin of the Silver Veins of the Cobalt-Gowganda WATER WELL ABBREVIATIONS Region; Geol. Surv. Canada, preprint, 15p. (in feet) 1971e: Distribution of Some Minor Elements in the bldr ...... Boulder hpan...... Hard pan Diabase of the Cobalt-Gowganda Reigon; Nipissing cgl ...... Conglomerate Imsn ...... Limestone Geol. Surv. Canada, preprint, 49p. csnd ...... Coarse-grained sand msnd...... Medium-grained sand 1971f: The Nipissing Diabase; p.34-76 in The Silver- fsnd ...... Fine-grained sand qsnd ...... Quicksand Arsenide Deposits of the Cobalt-Gowganda Region, grvl...... Gravel snds ...... Sandstone Ontario, The Canadian Mineralogist, Vol.11, pt.1, 429p. PROPERTY LIST (for P.1220-PJ225) Lovell, H.L., and Caine, T.W. (now mostly Crown Land)- 1970: Lake Timiskaming Rift Valley; Ontario Dept. Armstrong Township (P.1223) Pense Township (P.1222) Mines, MP39, 16p. (1) Belanger, P. (6)* Armstrong-Cummings Brethour Township (P.1225) (7) Canadian Nickel Company Limited Lovell, H.L, and Frey, E.D. (2) Brethour Tp. concession l lot 10 (8) Gereghty, G.J. and Waddell, L.A. 1976: Geology of the New Liskeard Area, District of (3) Dominion Gulf Company (9) Mines Limited, The Timiskaming; Ontario Div. Mines, GR 144, 34p. Ingram Township (P.1221) (10) Johnston, R.F. Wabi River Mining Syndicate Accompanied by Maps 2300 and 2301, scale 1 (4) Marshall, F.D. and Marshall, J.A. (11) Explorations Ltd. inch to Vi mile (1:31,680). (5) Peerless Canadian Ontario Water Resources Commission SOURCES OF INFORMATION 1972: Water Well Records for Ontario, Northern Area; Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Water Re blue clay 76 w L Geology by H.L. Lovell, 1972. Geology is not tied to surveyed lines. sources Bull. 2-9, 617p. msn 27 Assessment work and additional reports on file at Kirkland Lakte Resident Geologist©s office. Base-maps derived from maps of the Forest Resources Inventory, Division of Lands, Ministry Petruk, William of Natural Resources, with modifications by H.L. Lovell. 1968: The Ore Deposits of the Cobalt-Gowganda Area Topography transferred from Natural Topographic Series areas 31M/13W, 31M/13E, in Ontario; Canada Dept. Energy, Mines and 31M712W,and 31M/12E. Water well data from the Ontario Water Resources Commission (Ministry of the Environ Resources, MS PP 68-38, 45p. ment), 1972. 1971: General Characteristics of the Deposits; p.77- Burrows, A.G. and Hopkins, P.E., Blanche River Area, ODM Ann. Rept., Vol.31, Part 3, 107 in The Silver-Arsenide Deposits of the Cobalt- blue clay 1922 and ODM Map 31b, 1922. Gowganda Region, Ontario, The Canadian Miner hpan 5 Dominion Dept. of Agriculture, Map 21, Soil map of the New Liskeard-Englehart Area, alogist, Vol.11, pt.1,429p. msn 21 1955. Magnetic declination, approximately 90QO©W, 1975. Thomson, Robert This map is published with the permission of E.G. Pye, Director, Geological Branch, Division 1957: Cobalt Camp, p.377-388 in Structural Geology of of Mines, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources. Canadian Ore Deposits, Sixth Commonwealth Mining and Metallurgical Congress, Vol.2, CI M. Issued 1977 Ontario Dept. Mines 1965: Casey and Harris Townships; Information from this publication may be quoted if credit is given to the Ontario Ministry GR36, 77p. and 3 maps. ARMSTRONG TP., R 1223 of Natural Resources, Division of Mines, Geological Branch. It is recommended that refer 1968: Proterozoic Rocks Intersected by a 7,000-foot ence to this map be made in the following form: Drill Hole in Henwood Township, District of Timiskaming; Ontario Dept. Mines OFR5019, Lovell, H.L. 16p. plus core log from 7,000 to 7,662 feet. 1977: Evanturel Township, District of Timiskaming; Ontario Geological Survey Prelim. Map P. 1220, Geol. Ser., scale 1:15,840 or 1 inch to ©/4 mile. Geology, 1972.

Metric Conversion Factor 1 foot - 0.3048 m.