Visionäre Entwürfe Von Future Systems Und Archigram Yesterday’S Future Visionary Designs by Future Systems and Archigram

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Visionäre Entwürfe Von Future Systems Und Archigram Yesterday’S Future Visionary Designs by Future Systems and Archigram ZUKUNFT VON GESTERN VISIONÄRE ENTWÜRFE VON FUTURE SYSTEMS UND ARCHIGRAM YESTERDAY’S FUTURE VISIONARY DESIGNS BY FUTURE SYSTEMS AND ARCHIGRAM Herausgegeben von Edited by PHILIPP STURM, PETER CACHOLA SCHMAL PRESTEL DAM MUNICH · LONDON · NEW YORK DEUTSCHES ARCHITEKTURMUSEUM 6 FUTURE SYSTEMS, DAS BAUKO-LEHRBUCH FUTURE SYSTEMS, THE BUILDING UND DIE FANTASTEN VON ARCHIGRAM CONSTRUCTION TEXTBOOK AND THE PETER CACHOLA SCHMAL VISIONARIES OF ARCHIGRAM PETER CACHOLA SCHMAL „Die ursprüngliche Idee für eine Arbeit kommt manchmal einfach so, und wenn die erste Idee gut ist, ist man auf dem richtigen “The initial idea for a job comes to me literally just like that Weg. Es ist kein Zeichen von Kreativität, wenn man fünfundsech- sometimes, and if that first idea is good then you are on the right zig Ideen für ein Problem hat. Das ist reine Energieverschwen- track. It’s not a sign of creativity to have sixty-five ideas for one dung. Ich glaube auch nicht, dass man irgendwo speziell hin- problem. It’s just a waste of energy. I also don’t think you need gehen muss, um kreativ zu sein. Die Leute sagen das nur als to go anywhere particular to be creative; people just use that as Entschuldigung.“ 1 – Jan Kaplick ´y, 2002 an excuse.” 1–Jan Kaplick ´y, 2002 Jan Kaplick ´y war einer der Helden in meinem Architektur- Jan Kaplick ´y was one of my heroes when I was studying studium an der TH Darmstadt in den 1980er-Jahren. Den glei- architecture at the Technische Hochschule Darmstadt in the chen Jahren, in denen die Postmoderne der jüngeren Architek- 1980s. Those were the years in which the Postmodernism of ten die älteren, strengen Modernisten erschreckte – während wir younger architects was scaring the older strict Modernists– Studenten von den technoiden Gebilden, Hightechkonstruk- while we students were excited by the technoid structures tionen und -fügungen von Norman Foster, Richard Rogers und and high-tech designs of Norman Foster, Richard Rogers Renzo Piano begeistert waren. Auch den wunderbaren Model- and Renzo Piano. We also admired the wonderful models of len von Thom Mayne zollten wir Respekt, die präcomputer- Thom Mayne; we were amazed by the pre-computer precision haften Präzisierungen des jungen Daniel Libeskind erstaunten of the young Daniel Libeskind; and we copied the style uns und wir kopierten den Stil der filmhaften SciFi-Träume des of the cinema-like sci-fi dreams of the young Neil Denari. jungen Neil Denari. Zaha Hadid kam nach ihrem Gewinn des Zaha Hadid came to give a lecture after winning the Hong Hongkong-Peak-Wettbewerbs (1983) zu einem Vortrag, der Kong Peak competition (1983); the anarchic and glamorous anarchisch-glamouröse Wolf D. Prix raunte von geistigen Blitz- Wolf D. Prix muttered about lightning design ideas; and entwürfen und wir beobachteten, wie aus den technoiden Kon- we watched how in the second half of the 1980s, technoid struktionen in der zweiten Hälfte der 1980er-Jahre langsam structures gradually became deconstructions that later changed Dekonstruktionen wurden, die sich später in Blobs wandelten. to blobs. Bei Jan Kaplick ´y und Amanda Levete von Future Systems waren Biomorphic shapes were already there in the projects of Jan die biomorphen Formen schon da gewesen, allerdings nicht aus Kaplick ´y and Amanda Levete, though not created out of free freien Formen geschaffen wie später. Vielmehr suggerierten sie forms as they were later. Instead, in dissected, precise Rapido- in aufgeschnittenen, präzisen Rapidographen-Zeichnungen, dass graph drawings they suggested that these were no mere fan- diese keine Fantasien, sondern ingenieurhafte Überlegungen mit tasies but rather engineer-worthy deliberations with altogether rational herstellbaren Tragwerken zeigen sollten. Für die respekt- rational, producible support systems. For our respect-infusing einflößenden Übungen im Oberstufenfach Baukonstruktion exercises in the upper-level construction course we studied studierten wir die Isometrien im Detail, maßen die einzelnen their isometric renderings in detail, measured the individual Tragglieder nach und hielten sie für plausibel, lernten aus den structural elements and found them plausible, learned from the Anschlüssen von Hauptträgerebenen und Nebenträgerlagen, way main structural levels were linked to secondary ones, the den Punktauflagern und Hüllen in folgenden Future-Systems- minimal point bearings contact and shells in subsequent Future Projekten: House for a Helicopter Pilot 01 015, Shelter 139, Systems projects: House for a Helicopter Pilot 01 015, Shelter Lunar Base 136 oder Une Petite Maison 023. Future Systems 139, Lunar Base 136 and Une Petite Maison 023. Future Systems war unser eigentliches Bauko-Lehrbuch. Genauere Details gab was our real construction textbook. More precise details were es dann bei Fosters Sainsbury Centre for Visual Arts (1978) then provided by Foster’s Sainsbury Centre for Visual Arts in Norwich oder der legendären Hong Kong & Shanghai (1978) in Norwich or the legendary Hong Kong & Shanghai Bank (1986) in Hongkong, unserer geliebten Kathedrale Bank (1986) in Hong Kong, our favourite cathedral of high-tech 01 der Hightechgotik. Heute wundert es mich nicht zu hören, Gothic. Today it does not surprise me to learn that Jan Kaplick ´y Future Systems, House for a Helicopter Pilot, 1979 dass Jan Kaplick ´y auch an diesen Projekten beteiligt war und was also involved in these projects, and was even on the Future Systems, House for a Helicopter Pilot, 1979 beim Wettbewerb des Centre Pompidou im Team von Renzo Renzo Piano and Richard Rogers team in the competition for Piano und Richard Rogers mit an Bord war, aber leider als the Centre Pompidou, but unfortunately as a Czech “illegal tschechischer „illegal alien“ nicht mit nach Paris reisen und dort alien” was unable go to Paris with them and work there. Which arbeiten konnte. Was uns wieder zur Jetztzeit zurückbringt. brings us back to the present. 7 Seinen Durchbruch hatte der traurig dreinblickende Londoner The sad-looking Czech had his breakthrough late – very late. Tscheche spät, sehr spät. 1999 wurde sein Lord’s Media Centre In 1999 his Lord’s Media Centre 221 at London’s Lord’s Cricket 221 im Londoner Lord’s Cricket Ground fertiggestellt – als Ground was completed – when Kaplick ´y was sixty-two years Kaplick ´y immerhin 62 Jahre alt war. Vier Jahre später folgte old, no less. Four years later came the huge Selfridges das Selfridges-Kaufhaus in Birmingham, zur Hochzeit der Blob- department store in Birmingham, at the height of the blob bewegung, die den frühen analogen Propheten inzwischen ein- movement, which had meanwhile caught up with the early geholt hatte mit ihren Computern und exotischen Programmen. analogue pioneer with their computers and exotic softwares. Kaplick ´y ging es dabei gar nicht ums Bauen, seiner jüngeren Part- Kaplick ´y was unconcerned with building, but his younger nerin Amanda Levete dagegen schon, wie sie später erzählte: partner Amanda Levete certainly was, as she later related: „Jan wäre glücklich gewesen ohne Bauen. Er wusste, dass er “Jan would have been happy not to build. He knew his place seinen Platz in der Geschichte sicher hatte durch seine Zeich- in history was assured through his drawings. He couldn’t bear nungen. Er hielt es nicht aus, die echten Bauten zu besichtigen. to visit the actual buildings. At Selfridges’ opening, he stormed Bei der Eröffnung von Selfridges floh er, weil das fertige Bau- off because the finished structure wasn’t as pure as the original werk nicht so pur war wie der Originalentwurf. Ich schätze die work. I don’t devalue the power of conceptual thinking, but for Kraft konzeptionellen Denkens nicht gering, aber für mich ist me the thrill of architecture is to see your ideas realised. To das Spannende an der Architektur zu sehen, wie eigene Ideen struggle against the problems out there and overcome them.” 2 realisiert werden. Gegen Probleme da draußen anzukämpfen und sie zu überwinden.“ 2 The precise drawings and collages we are now able to display at the Deutsches Architekturmusem (DAM) thanks to generous Die präzisen Zeichnungen und Collagen, die wir nun im Deut- loans from Kaplick ´y’s later wife Elisˇka Kaplick ´y Fuchsová meant schen Architekturmuseum (DAM) dank der großzügigen Leih- all the world to him. And here Kaplick ´y’s talent is juxtaposed gaben seiner späteren Frau Elisˇka Kaplick ´y Fuchsová ausstellen to that of Peter Cook of Archigram, the 1960s British pop können, waren sein Ein und Alles. Und da trifft sich Kaplick ´ys architecture group whose collages were collected in DAM from Talent mit dem Talent von Peter Cook von Archigram, der the beginning. Cook was almost the same age as Kaplick ´y; britischen Pop-Architektengruppe der 1960er-Jahre, deren he was born in 1936, Kaplick ´y a year later. Both of them built Collagen im DAM von Anfang an gesammelt wurden. Cook under their own names only very late. And as building archi- ist fast im selben Jahr wie Kaplick ´y geboren, 1936 der erste, tects both experienced their breakthroughs with later icons of ein Jahr später der andere. Beide haben erst sehr spät unter biomorphic architecture. For Cook it was his Kunsthaus Graz eigenem Namen gebaut. Beide haben als bauende Architek- (2003), from the same time as Kaplick ´y’s Selfridges. In contrast ten einen Durchbruch erlebt mit späteren Ikonen der biomor- to Kaplick ´y, who tragically died a short time later, Cook had phen Architektur, bei Cook war es das Kunsthaus Graz (2003), the great good fortune to become a building architect in his zeitgleich mit Kaplick ´ys Selfridges. Im Gegensatz zu Kaplick ´y, third career, after stints as an Archigram activist and a university der kurze Zeit danach tragischerweise verstarb, hat Cook das professor. With younger partners in the CRAB office he is große Glück gehabt, in seiner dritten Karriere nach Archigram- currently realising ever larger projects around the world. Yet Aktivist und Universitätsprofessor noch ein bauender Architekt there is something else he shares with Jan Kaplick ´y.
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