1503 through a large series of monkeys. Two hours after inocu- destruction of the cells of the anterior cornu, and small lation the infected monkey was exposed to the bites of about haemorrhages in the anterior and posterior cornu. 300 stomoxys recently collected in Washington. Thereafter These results, in confirmation of those announced by Dr. until death, on Oct. 8th, this animal was exposed daily Rosenau, would seem to demonstrate conclusively that polio- for about two hours to the bites of the same flies, plus myelitis may be transmitted to monkeys through the agency additional fresh stomoxys added from time to time as caught. of the stable fly (Stomoxys calcitrans). It remains for further This monkey (No. 242) developed characteristic complete work to decide whether this is the usual or the only method paralysis on the afternoon of Oct. 7th and died at 2 A. M. of transmission in nature. on Oct. 8th. Another monkey (rhesus No. 246), similarly inoculated on Oct. 5th, was then exposed daily to the bites of the same flies, beginning on Oct. 7th. This monkey developed paralysis on the morning of Oct. 9th, soon becoming completely paralysed and dying that Clinical Notes: from to the afternoon. Thus, Oct. 4th 9th, inclusive, AND flies used had access to two monkeys inoculated with polio- MEDICAL, SURGICAL, OBSTETRICAL, myelitis, first, rhesus No. 242, then rhesus No. 246. THERAPEUTICAL. It may be noted that the incubation period in both these monkeys was very short-four days from inoculation to the development of paralysis. A CASE OF APPENDIX ABSCESS IN A HERNIAL SAC. Oct. two fresh No. 243 Beginning 4th, monkeys (rhesus BY H. W. WEBBER, M.S., M.D. LOND., F.R C.S. EDIN., and Java No. were for about two hours 241) exposed daily SURGEON TO THE SOUTH DEVON AND EAST CORNWALL HOSPITAL, to the bites of these same flies ; and beginning Oct. 5th a PLYMOUTH. third fresh monkey (rhesus No. 244) was similarly exposed. All three of these animals subsequently developed sym- THE of the in a hernial sac is not ptoms of poliomyelitis, as follows : Java No. 241 was presence appendix uncommon, and it has even been found on the left side, but found completely paralysed on the morning of Oct. 12th, an abscess as far as I can and died a few hours later. At necropsy tubercles were appendix is, ascertain, decidedly found in the lungs, liver, and spleen. Rhesus No. 244 rare. The following are the notes of the case. A man, 80 was admitted on 29th, showed paralysis of the hind legs on the same day aged years, Sept. 1912, with a in the 12th), but was, nevertheless, to the bites painful, tender, elongated swelling right groin, (Oct. exposed again his 99° F. and 82. He had been of the from 10 A.M. till 2 P.M. At 3 P.M. the temperature being pulse stomoxys ill for three with in the and animal, being almost completely paralysed, was chloro- days pain right inguinal region the of a from the external formed. At tubercles were found in the development swelling extending necropsy downwards to the scrotum. lungs, liver, and spleen ; however, apparently not ring On admission he was anaesthetised and an sufficient to have been the cause of death. Rhesus immediately incision made into the which was found to be No. 243, which had appeared well on the morning of swelling, of nature, downwards to and Oct. 13th, was found at 4 o’clock that afternoon to have a inflammatory extending partial paralysis of the right hind leg. The following apparently involving the testicle. On deepening the incision two or three drachms of thick were found. the hind and fore were almost com- pus morning legs right leg The nature of the condition of not pletely paralysed. By 3.30 P.M. the neck also was pai alysed things being apparent, and the intercostal muscles somewhat affected. The animal it was decided to remove the testicle and cord with the them and on was then chloroformed. At necropsy the internal organs thickening involving complete, dissecting up the cord it was found that the was in the appeared normal, except the spinal cord, which was oedema- appendix present middle of the mass and was the source of the Its base tous, the grey matter being congested. Sections of the cord, pus. divided and in caecum in examined, showed well-marked lesions was, therefore, inverted the the histologically typical usual mass testicle of round-cell infiltration, foci of manner, the inflammatory and removed, poliomyelitis, perivascular and the canal closed with mattress sutures. dense infiltration in the grey matter of the anterior horn, and inguinal catgut A was inserted and out the destruction of some of the motor neurons. The drainage-tube brought through histologic scrotum. The of the wound was somewhat examination of the cords of Nos. 241 and 244 has healing delayed monkeys by the infection of the tissues which had taken not been but it it believed, on the clinical necessarily yet completed, but was Oct. 21st. evidence, that they died from poliomyelitis. place, finally completed by To summarise, three monkeys exposed daily to the bites of Plymouth. several hundred which at the same time were stomoxys, A CASE OF KELOID OF THE EYELIDS ASSOCIATED allowed daily to bite two intracerebrally inoculated monkeys, developed quite typical symptoms of poliomyelitis eight, IN ITS ONSET WITH MEASLES. seven, and nine days respectively from the date of their first BY JAMES ALEXANDER WILSON, M.D. GLASG., .exposure. ASSISTANT SURGEON, OPHTHALMIC DEPARTMENT, ROYAL INFIRMARY, In order to confirm the diagnosis of poliomyelitis in rhesus GLASGOW. No. 243, 1 c. c. of an emulsion of the cord of this monkey was injected intracerebrally on Oct. 14th into a healthy A BOY, aged 4 years, was admitted to Belvidere Fever monkey (rhesus No. 250). This animal recovered promptly Hospital on March 14th, 1912, suffering from measles. The from the operation and remained apparently quite well illness is said to have begun on the 6th with the usual till the morning of Oct. 17th, when a partial paralysis symptoms-sneezing, sore eyes, &c. Dr. J. J. Sinclair, of the right fore leg was noted, progressing somewhat resident assistant physician, reports: "The condition on during the day. On the morning of Oct. 18th both fore admission was as follows :-Left eye : eyelids greatly swollen, legs were completely paralysed and the hind legs weak. so that they could only be opened with difficulty. Both In the afternoon of the same day the right hind leg eyelids and the upper part of the cheek were raw, as if was completely paralysed, the left very weak, and the neck from the application of an irritant. The conjunctiva was paralysed. The monkey died at 10.30 P.M., and was imme- chemotic and there was a purulent discharge. The right diately placed on ice until necropsy could be made at 9 A. M. on eye showed the same condition, but it was less marked." Oct. 19th. At the necropsy there was found some congestion On April 9th there is a note as follows: I I For the past of the lower lobe of both lungs, most marked on the left three or four days the patient has opened the right eye side, upon which the animal had been lying after paralysis voluntarily. The left eye is still kept closed and no proper developed. The meninges of the cord were markedly con- view can be obtained ; the conjunctiva, however, is con- gested. On section, the cord appeared oedematous and the gested and some opacity of the cornea is seen." The grey matter congested, showing minute haemorrhages. The patient seems to have progressed favourably, and on dis- site of inoculation appeared normal except for a slight clot. missal the parent was recommended to seek advice at an " Cultures from this site have shown no growth. The other eye hospital." organs were normal in appearance. Histologic examination The boy was brought to the Ophthalmic Institution on of the cord showed lesions characteristic of poliomyelitis, July lst, 1912, and came under my care. There is a hori- intense congestion and perivascular infiltration, foci of zontal band 1 inch in length along the right upper lid. It is round-cell infiltration here and there in the grey matter, red, raised, and looks like a scar produced by a recent burn. 1504

There are one or two small round patches on the right cheek and one on the right ear just behind the meatus externus. The left eyelids are much worse than the right. There is a Societies. red, fleshy-looking band which begins at the inner canthus Medical and curves outwards in the upper lid. It sends three short arms upwards into the eyebrow, and there is some ROYAL SOCIETY OF MEDICINE. irregular scarring at the outer part of the lid. On the lower lid there is a band 11 inches long extending from the cheek upwards and outwards to the outer canthus, connecting SECTION OF THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE. with the scarring on the upper lid. There is also a band Election of Oeers.-1 DowmS’icrz-e llaa2cseritof William - Py.—CoMiMMs/?’William Osler, Bart. Vice-Presidents : Sir T. Clifford Allbutt, K.C.B., Dr. Richard Caton, Sir William S. Church, Bart., K. C. B., Sir Henry Morris, Bart., and Sir Ronald Ross, K.C.B. Honorary Secretaries : Dr. Raymond Crawfurd and Mr. D’Arcy Power. The following were elected Members of Council: Sir Francis Champneys, Bart., Dr. S. G. Clippingdale, Dr. J. D. Comrie, Mr. Alban Doran, Dr. David Forsyth, Dr. James Galloway, Dr. Leonard G. Guthrie,. Mr. E. Muirhead Little, Dr. R. 0. Moon, Sir Shirley F. Murphy, Dr. J. A. Nixon, Mr. Herbert S. Pendlebury, Dr. H. D. Rolleston, Dr. F. M. Sandwith, and Dr. A. F. Voelcker. Sir FRANCIS CHAMPNEYS inducted Sir WILLIAM OSLER into the chair, who opened the proceedings with a few words upon the objects of the section and afterwards read his paper on a Down Survey Manuscript of William. Petty. He said : Sir William Petty (born 1623, died 1687), for a short time professor of anatomy in the University of- Oxford and Vice-Principal of Brasenose College, has out- lived the somewhat slender reputation he had in the pro- fession, and yet in one particular he deserves to be held in remembrance among us for his share in Graunt’s ’’ Bills of Mortality of the City of London " (1661), the first work of- the kind in English, and for his observation on the- Dublin Bills of Mortality " (1683). As a political economist his praise is in the schools. In the Treatise on Taxes anct- " Heprodndioll of photograph of the patient. Contributions (1662), the " Discourse on Political Arithmetic" (1690), the "Political Anatomy of Ireland,"" which curves round the inner canthus and connects the and in certain minor tracts students find the beginning’s of bands on the upper and lower lids. These bands are some- that science in these islands. Before Petty no one had what lumpy and draw the surrounding skin towards them. tried accurately to estimate the money value of the indi- The upper lid is thickened, contracted, and slightly everted, vidual life to the nation, the importance of the division of so th Lt theie is difficulty in raising it to get a good view of labour, and the real nature of wealth. Let me quote one- the eyeball. There is a white opacity on the lower part of sentence from " Verbum Sapienti " (from the 1691 edition, the cornea and some discharge from the conjunctiva. No p. 14) :- active treatment has been but the condition is very adopted, For Money is but the Fat of the Body-Politick, whereof too much. improving. It is probable that this unusual condition dothI as often hinder its Agility, as too little makes it sick. Tis true,- was caused by the inflammation of the eyes that accom- that as Fat lubricates the motion of the Muscles, feeds in want of tills uneven and beautifies the so doth on structures irritated and Victuals, up cavities, Body; panies measles, acting already Money in the State quicken its Action, feeds from Abroad in time of- abraded. Dearth at home; evens accounts by reason of its divisibility, and beautities the whole, although more particularly the particular persons Glasgow. who have it in plenty. You will not wonder that the Cambridge University Press- his economic works in 1899 C. H. THE HOUSING AND TOWN PLANNING ACT AT reprinted (edited by Hull) when hear the extract from Lord Edmund YEOYIL.-Under the and Town Act the you following Housing Planning Fitzmaurice’s "Life." 1895 :- Yeovil town council is building- 150 houses, at an esti- mated cost of .620,000 ; 50 houses will be erected In the " Treatise on Taxes," with an eye still fixed in the same direc- nearly tion, he begins by pointing out that the only legitimate public charges- this 50 more and the remainder later on. year, in 1913, of the State are, its defence by land and sea, so as to secure peace at There will be three types of houses, one type being let at home and abroad and honourable vindication from injury by foreign the maintenance of the chief of the State in 5s. weekly, another type at 4s. a week, and the third variety nations; becoming splendour, and of the administration, in all its branches, in a state of will consist of blocks of tenements. Each block will have efficiency ; " the pastorage of soul by salaried ministers of religion;" the- four Hats, with two rooms in each, and offices, staircases, charge of schools and universities, the endowment of which, in his- opinion ought to be a concern of the State, and the distribution of in common. Each house contains a room, " living scullery, whose emoluments ought not to be according to the fond conceits of three while is a of coal-store, and bedrooms, there piece parents and friends," and of which one of the principal aims should be- garden at the back. The cost of each house is .E136 16s. 8d. the discovery of Nature in all its operations ; " the maintenance of the and in his "the can Ten of the 5s. weekly houses are completed, and four of the orphans, aged, theimpotent," for, opinion, poor lay up nothing against the time of their impotency and want of work, flats are nearly ready. Several tenants are waiting for them. when we think it is just to limit the wages of the poor"; and the The Yeovil town council is to be congratulated on the under- improvement of roads, navigable rivers, bridges, harbours, and the taking. The Right Hon. John Burns, President of the means of communication, and the development of mines and collieries.. L)cal Government Board, recently visited Yeovil. and in Bnt Petty has a third claim to remembrance as the author the presence of a large gathering formally opened the first of the famous Down Survey of Ireland-which" stands cottage. to-day, with the accompanying books of distribution, the