Biologie Studijní Obor: Ekologická a Evoluční Biologie
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22 3 259 263 Mikhailov Alopecosa.P65
Arthropoda Selecta 22(3): 259263 © ARTHROPODA SELECTA, 2013 Tarentula Sundevall, 1833 and Alopecosa Simon, 1885: a historical account (Aranei: Lycosidae) Tarentula Sundevall, 1833 è Alopecosa Simon, 1885: èñòîðè÷åñêèé îáçîð (Aranei: Lycosidae) K.G. Mikhailov Ê.Ã. Ìèõàéëîâ Zoological Museum MGU, Bolshaya Nikitskaya Str. 6, Moscow 125009 Russia. Çîîëîãè÷åñêèé ìóçåé ÌÃÓ, óë. Áîëüøàÿ Íèêèòñêàÿ, 6, Ìîñêâà 125009 Ðîññèÿ. KEY WORDS: Tarentula, Alopecosa, nomenclature, synonymy, spiders, Lycosidae. ÊËÞ×ÅÂÛÅ ÑËÎÂÀ: Tarentula, Alopecosa, íîìåíêëàòóðà, ñèíîíèìèÿ, ïàóêè, Lycosidae. ABSTRACT. History of Tarentula Sundevall, 1833 genus Lycosa to include the following 11 species (the and Alopecosa Simon, 1885 is reviewed. Validity of current species assignments follow the catalogues by Alopecosa Simon, 1885 is supported. Reimoser [1919], Roewer [1954a], and, especially, Bonnet [1955, 1957, 1959]): ÐÅÇÞÌÅ. Äàí îáçîð èñòîðèè ðîäîâûõ íàçâà- Lycosa Fabrilis [= Alopecosa fabrilis (Clerck, 1758)], íèé Tarentula Sundevall, 1833 è Alopecosa Simon, L. trabalis [= Alopecosa inquilina (Clerck, 1758), male, 1885. Îáîñíîâàíà âàëèäíîñòü íàçâàíèÿ Alopecosa and A. trabalis (Clerck, 1758), female], Simon, 1885. L. vorax?, male [= either Alopecosa trabalis or A. trabalis and A. pulverulenta (Clerck, 1758), according Introduction to different sources], L. nivalis male [= Alopecosa aculeata (Clerck, 1758)], The nomenclatorial problems concerning the ge- L. barbipes [sp.n.] [= Alopecosa barbipes Sundevall, neric names Tarantula Fabricius, 1793, Tarentula Sun- 1833, = A. accentuata (Latreille, 1817)], devall, 1833 and Alopecosa Simon, 1885 have been L. cruciata female [sp.n.] [= Alopecosa barbipes Sun- discussed in the arachnological literature at least twice devall, 1833, = A. accentuata (Latreille, 1817)], [Charitonov, 1931; Bonnet, 1951]. However, the arach- L. pulverulenta [= Alopecosa pulverulenta], nological community seems to have overlooked or ne- L. -
Arachnids (Excluding Acarina and Pseudoscorpionida) of the Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge, Oklahoma
OCCASIONAL PAPERS THE MUSEUM TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY NUMBER 67 5 SEPTEMBER 1980 ARACHNIDS (EXCLUDING ACARINA AND PSEUDOSCORPIONIDA) OF THE WICHITA MOUNTAINS WILDLIFE REFUGE, OKLAHOMA JAMES C. COKENDOLPHER AND FRANK D. BRYCE The Wichita Mountains are located in eastern Greer, southern Kiowa, and northwestern Comanche counties in Oklahoma. Since their formation more than 300 million years ago, these rugged mountains have been fragmented and weathered, until today the highest peak (Mount Pinchot) stands only 756 meters above sea level (Tyler, 1977). The mountains are composed predominantly of granite and gabbro. Forests of oak, elm, and walnut border most waterways, while at elevations from 153 to 427 meters prair ies are the predominant vegetation type. A more detailed sum mary of the climatic and biotic features of the Wichitas has been presented by Blair and Hubbell (1938). A large tract of land in the eastern range of the Wichita Moun tains (now northeastern Comanche County) was set aside as the Wichita National Forest by President McKinley during 1901. In 1905, President Theodore Roosevelt created a game preserve on those lands managed by the Forest Service. Since 1935, this pre serve has been known as the Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge. Numerous papers on Oklahoma spiders have been published (Bailey and Chada, 1968; Bailey et al., 1968; Banks et al, 1932; Branson, 1958, 1959, 1966, 1968; Branson and Drew, 1972; Gro- thaus, 1968; Harrel, 1962, 1965; Horner, 1975; Rogers and Horner, 1977), but only a single, comprehensive work (Banks et al., 1932) exists covering all arachnid orders in the state. Further additions and annotations to the arachnid fauna of Oklahoma can be found 2 OCCASIONAL PAPERS MUSEUM TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY in recent revisionary studies. -
SEXUAL CONFLICT in ARACHNIDS Ph.D
MASARYK UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY AND ZOOLOGY SEXUAL CONFLICT IN ARACHNIDS Ph.D. Dissertation Lenka Sentenská Supervisor: prof. Mgr. Stanislav Pekár, Ph.D. Brno 2017 Bibliographic Entry Author Mgr. Lenka Sentenská Faculty of Science, Masaryk University Department of Botany and Zoology Title of Thesis: Sexual conflict in arachnids Degree programme: Biology Field of Study: Ecology Supervisor: prof. Mgr. Stanislav Pekár, Ph.D. Academic Year: 2016/2017 Number of Pages: 199 Keywords: Sexual selection; Spiders; Scorpions; Sexual cannibalism; Mating plugs; Genital morphology; Courtship Bibliografický záznam Autor: Mgr. Lenka Sentenská Přírodovědecká fakulta, Masarykova univerzita Ústav botaniky a zoologie Název práce: Konflikt mezi pohlavími u pavoukovců Studijní program: Biologie Studijní obor: Ekologie Vedoucí práce: prof. Mgr. Stanislav Pekár, Ph.D. Akademický rok: 2016/2017 Počet stran: 199 Klíčová slova: Pohlavní výběr; Pavouci; Štíři; Sexuální kanibalismus; Pohlavní zátky; Morfologie genitálií; Námluvy ABSTRACT Sexual conflict is pervasive in all sexually reproducing taxa and is especially intense in carnivorous species, because the interaction between males and females encompasses the danger of getting killed instead of mated. Carnivorous arachnids, such as spiders and scorpions, are notoriously known for their cannibalistic tendencies. Studies of the conflict between arachnid males and females focus mainly on spiders because of the frequent occurrence of sexual cannibalism and unique genital morphology of both sexes. The morphology, in combination with common polyandry, further promotes the sexual conflict in form of an intense sperm competition and male tactics to reduce or avoid it. Scorpion females usually mate only once per litter, but the conflict between sexes is also intense, as females can be very aggressive, and so males engage in complicated mating dances including various components considered to reduce female aggression and elicit her cooperation. -
Distribution of Spiders in Coastal Grey Dunes
kaft_def 7/8/04 11:22 AM Pagina 1 SPATIAL PATTERNS AND EVOLUTIONARY D ISTRIBUTION OF SPIDERS IN COASTAL GREY DUNES Distribution of spiders in coastal grey dunes SPATIAL PATTERNS AND EVOLUTIONARY- ECOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF DISPERSAL - ECOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF DISPERSAL Dries Bonte Dispersal is crucial in structuring species distribution, population structure and species ranges at large geographical scales or within local patchily distributed populations. The knowledge of dispersal evolution, motivation, its effect on metapopulation dynamics and species distribution at multiple scales is poorly understood and many questions remain unsolved or require empirical verification. In this thesis we contribute to the knowledge of dispersal, by studying both ecological and evolutionary aspects of spider dispersal in fragmented grey dunes. Studies were performed at the individual, population and assemblage level and indicate that behavioural traits narrowly linked to dispersal, con- siderably show [adaptive] variation in function of habitat quality and geometry. Dispersal also determines spider distribution patterns and metapopulation dynamics. Consequently, our results stress the need to integrate knowledge on behavioural ecology within the study of ecological landscapes. / Promotor: Prof. Dr. Eckhart Kuijken [Ghent University & Institute of Nature Dries Bonte Conservation] Co-promotor: Prf. Dr. Jean-Pierre Maelfait [Ghent University & Institute of Nature Conservation] and Prof. Dr. Luc lens [Ghent University] Date of public defence: 6 February 2004 [Ghent University] Universiteit Gent Faculteit Wetenschappen Academiejaar 2003-2004 Distribution of spiders in coastal grey dunes: spatial patterns and evolutionary-ecological importance of dispersal Verspreiding van spinnen in grijze kustduinen: ruimtelijke patronen en evolutionair-ecologisch belang van dispersie door Dries Bonte Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor [Ph.D.] in Sciences Proefschrift voorgedragen tot het bekomen van de graad van Doctor in de Wetenschappen Promotor: Prof. -
196 Arachnology (2019)18 (3), 196–212 a Revised Checklist of the Spiders of Great Britain Methods and Ireland Selection Criteria and Lists
196 Arachnology (2019)18 (3), 196–212 A revised checklist of the spiders of Great Britain Methods and Ireland Selection criteria and lists Alastair Lavery The checklist has two main sections; List A contains all Burach, Carnbo, species proved or suspected to be established and List B Kinross, KY13 0NX species recorded only in specific circumstances. email: [email protected] The criterion for inclusion in list A is evidence that self- sustaining populations of the species are established within Great Britain and Ireland. This is taken to include records Abstract from the same site over a number of years or from a number A revised checklist of spider species found in Great Britain and of sites. Species not recorded after 1919, one hundred years Ireland is presented together with their national distributions, before the publication of this list, are not included, though national and international conservation statuses and syn- this has not been applied strictly for Irish species because of onymies. The list allows users to access the sources most often substantially lower recording levels. used in studying spiders on the archipelago. The list does not differentiate between species naturally Keywords: Araneae • Europe occurring and those that have established with human assis- tance; in practice this can be very difficult to determine. Introduction List A: species established in natural or semi-natural A checklist can have multiple purposes. Its primary pur- habitats pose is to provide an up-to-date list of the species found in the geographical area and, as in this case, to major divisions The main species list, List A1, includes all species found within that area. -
Araneae) Parasite–Host Association
2006. The Journal of Arachnology 34:273–278 SHORT COMMUNICATION FIRST UNEQUIVOCAL MERMITHID–LINYPHIID (ARANEAE) PARASITE–HOST ASSOCIATION David Penney: Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK. E-mail: [email protected] Susan P. Bennett: Biological Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK. ABSTRACT. The first description of a Mermithidae–Linyphiidae parasite–host association is presented. The nematode is preserved exiting the abdomen of the host, which is a juvenile Tenuiphantes species (Araneae, Linyphiidae), collected from the Isle of Mull, UK. An updated taxonomic list of known mer- mithid spider hosts is provided. The ecology of known spider hosts with regard to the direct and indirect life cycles of mermithid worms suggests that both occur in spiders. Keywords: Aranimermis, Isle of Mull, Linyphiidae, Mermithidae, Nematoda Nematode parasites of spiders are restricted to an updated and taxonomically correct list in Table the family Mermithidae but are not uncommon 1. Here we describe the first Mermithidae–Liny- (Poinar 1985, 1987) and were first reported almost phiidae parasite–host association and discuss the two and a half centuries ago (Roesel 1761). How- ecology of known spider hosts with regard to the ever, given the difficulty of identifying and rearing life cycles of mermithid worms. post-parasitic juvenile mermithids, they have re- This paper concerns three spider specimens, one ceived inadequate systematic treatment (Poinar with a worm in situ and two that are presumed to 1985). In addition, the complete life history is have been parasitized, but from which the worms known for only one species of these spider parasites have emerged and are lost. -
Causes and Consequences of External Female Genital Mutilation
Causes and consequences of external female genital mutilation I n a u g u r a l d i s s e r t a t i o n Zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doktors der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. Nat.) der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Greifswald Vorgelegt von Pierick Mouginot Greifswald, 14.12.2018 Dekan: Prof. Dr. Werner Weitschies 1. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Gabriele Uhl 2. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Klaus Reinhardt Datum der Promotion: 13.03.2019 Contents Abstract ................................................................................................................................................. 5 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 6 1.1. Background ............................................................................................................................. 6 1.2. Aims of the presented work ................................................................................................ 14 2. References ................................................................................................................................... 16 3. Publications .................................................................................................................................. 22 3.1. Chapter 1: Securing paternity by mutilating female genitalia in spiders .......................... 23 3.2. Chapter 2: Evolution of external female genital mutilation: why do males harm their mates?.................................................................................................................................. -
Arthropods in Linear Elements
Arthropods in linear elements Occurrence, behaviour and conservation management Thesis committee Thesis supervisor: Prof. dr. Karlè V. Sýkora Professor of Ecological Construction and Management of Infrastructure Nature Conservation and Plant Ecology Group Wageningen University Thesis co‐supervisor: Dr. ir. André P. Schaffers Scientific researcher Nature Conservation and Plant Ecology Group Wageningen University Other members: Prof. dr. Dries Bonte Ghent University, Belgium Prof. dr. Hans Van Dyck Université catholique de Louvain, Belgium Prof. dr. Paul F.M. Opdam Wageningen University Prof. dr. Menno Schilthuizen University of Groningen This research was conducted under the auspices of SENSE (School for the Socio‐Economic and Natural Sciences of the Environment) Arthropods in linear elements Occurrence, behaviour and conservation management Jinze Noordijk Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of doctor at Wageningen University by the authority of the Rector Magnificus Prof. dr. M.J. Kropff, in the presence of the Thesis Committee appointed by the Doctorate Board to be defended in public on Tuesday 3 November 2009 at 1.30 PM in the Aula Noordijk J (2009) Arthropods in linear elements – occurrence, behaviour and conservation management Thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen NL with references, with summaries in English and Dutch ISBN 978‐90‐8585‐492‐0 C’est une prairie au petit jour, quelque part sur la Terre. Caché sous cette prairie s’étend un monde démesuré, grand comme une planète. Les herbes folles s’y transforment en jungles impénétrables, les cailloux deviennent montagnes et le plus modeste trou d’eau prend les dimensions d’un océan. Nuridsany C & Pérennou M 1996. -
Using Distribution Patterns of Five Threatened Invertebrates in a Highly
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION 133 (2006) 490– 499 available at www.sciencedirect.com journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/biocon Using distribution patterns of five threatened invertebrates in a highly fragmented dune landscape to develop a multispecies conservation approach D. Maesa,*, D. Bonteb aDivision of Species Ecology and Populations, Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Kliniekstraat 25, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium bGhent University, Department of Biology, Terrestrial Ecology Unit, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: We analysed the patterns of occupancy of five threatened invertebrates in a highly frag- Received 27 March 2006 mented dynamic grey dune landscape. During two years (2003–2004), 133 dune patches Received in revised form between Nieuwpoort (Belgium) and Bray-Dunes (France) varying in area, connectivity, 26 July 2006 eolian sand dynamics and trampling disturbance were sampled for five focal species: Accepted 13 August 2006 two spiders (Alopecosa fabrilis and Xysticus sabulosus), two butterflies (Issoria lathonia and Available online 2 October 2006 Hipparchia semele) and one grasshopper (Oedipoda caerulescens). Overall diversity was highest in large and well connected patches that were characterised by high eolian sand dynamics Keywords: and an intermediate trampling intensity. Patch occupancy differed greatly among species: Alopecosa fabrilis all species significantly occurred more often in large and connected patches. High tram- Belgium pling intensity (by cattle and/or tourists) negatively affected the two ground dwelling spi- Conservation ders, but not the grasshopper or the butterfly species. High eolian sand dynamics Dynamic grey dunes positively affected the presence of the spider X. sabulosus, the grasshopper O. caerulescens Spatial distribution and the butterfly H. -
Versatilidad Predadora De Las Arañas Lobo (Araneae, Lycosidae) Y Su Efecto Sobre Insectos De Importancia Económica En Soja
Versatilidad predadora de las arañas lobo (Araneae, Lycosidae) y su efecto sobre insectos de importancia económica en soja Universidad de la República Programa de Desarrollo de Ciencias Básicas, Biología (PEDECIBA, Biología) Tesis de Maestría en Ciencias Biológicas, Opción Zoología. “VERSATILIDAD PREDADORA DE LAS ARAÑAS LOBO (ARANEAE, LYCOSIDAE) Y SU EFECTO SOBRE INSECTOS DE IMPORTANCIA ECONÓMICA EN SOJA”. Lic. Mariángeles Lacava Orientadora: Dra. Carmen Viera Montevideo Uruguay, 2014. 1 Versatilidad predadora de las arañas lobo (Araneae, Lycosidae) y su efecto sobre insectos de importancia económica en soja A mis padres, por brindarme todo su apoyo incondicional. A Monono, por haber sido un particular y gran abuelo. A mis hermanos y numerosos primos, por darme todas sus buenas energías. A mi compañero por todo su apoyo incondicional. 2 Versatilidad predadora de las arañas lobo (Araneae, Lycosidae) y su efecto sobre insectos de importancia económica en soja Índice Agradecimientos………………………………………………………………………...……4 Resúmenes de congresos…………………………………………………………………..5 Introducción general………………………………………………………………………...7 Capítulo 1…………………………………………………………………………………….11 Introducción………………………………………………………………………………..12 Materiales y métodos…………………………………………………………………….16 Resultados ………………………………………………………………………..……….21 Discusión………………………………………………………………………………...…29 Capítulo 2……………………………………………………………………………………..32 Introducción……………………………………………………………………………….33 Materiales y métodos…………………………………………………………………….37 Resultados …………………………………………………………………………………41 Discusión…………………………………………………………………………………...47 -
Araneae, Lycosidae)
1996 . The Journal of Arachnology 24:186—200 PATTERN AND DURATION OF COPULATION IN WOLF SPIDERS (ARANEAE, LYCOSIDAE) Gail E. Stratton'' 4, Eileen A. Hebets 2.5 , Patricia R. Miller3 and Gary L. Miller2: 'Albion College, Albion, Michigan 49221 USA ; University of Mississippi , University, Mississippi 38677 USA ; and Northwest Mississippi Community College , Senatobia, Mississippi 38668 US A ABSTRACT . The temporal patterns of insertion of male palps, expansion of the hematodocha an d duration of copulation are reported for 10 species of Schizocosa Chamberlin 1904, three species of Ra- bidosa Roewer 1955, one species of Gladicosa Brady 1986, one species of Hogna Simon 1885, two species of Isohogna Roewer 1960, one species of Trochosa C.L. Koch 1848, one species of Geolycosa Montgomery 1904, two species of Arctosa C.L. Koch 1848, three species of Alopecosa Simon 1885 and six species of Pardosa C.L. Koch 1847 . In all species of Schizocosa examined so far, males showed a pattern composed of a series of insertions with one palp followed by a switch to the opposite side and a separate series of insertions with the other palp . During each insertion there was a single expansion of the hematodocha . These copulations generally lasted from 1—4 hours . Males of Gladicosa bellamyi (Gertsch Wallace 1937) and Hogna georgicola (Walckenaer 1837) likewise showed a series of insertions on one side followed by insertions on the other side, with a single expansion of the hematodocha wit h each insertion . Males of Arctosa littoralis (Hentz 1844), A. sanctaerosae Gertsch Wallace 1935 and Geolycosa rogersi Wallace 1942 each copulated by alternating palps with a single insertion and singl e expansion of the hematodocha. -
Conservation of Arthropod Natural Enemies in Broccoli with Relay Strip-Cropping
AN ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION OF Daniel M. McGrath for the degree of Doctor of Philosophyin Entomology presented on February 15, 2000. Title: Conservation ofArthropod Natural Enemies in Broccoli with Relay Strip-Cropping Redacted for privacy Abstract approved: Relay strip-cropping combines two vegetation management tactics,under- sowing and strip-management. In this study conductedfrom 1994 though 1997, a cover crop seed-mixture containing oats (Avena sativa L.var. "Monida"), common vetch ( Vicia sativa L.), red clover (Tr4foliumpratense L.), annual ryegrass (Lolium multflorum Lam.), and buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentumMoench) was broadcast over established broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.) 32days after planting. The broccoli was planted, under-sown, and harvestedin sections alternated with strips of cover crop. Thecover crop relay provided tillage and pesticide refuges for beneficial insects without taking landout of broccoli production. Relay strip- cropping increased the abundance and diversity of groundbeetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae), spiders (Araneae), harvestmen (Opiliones: Phalangiidae),lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), and damsel bugs (Heteroptera: Nabidae)in the cropping system; however, this did not always result inincreased natural enemies in the broccoli. Arthropod species varied significantly in theirpropensity to leave the non-crop vegetation andmove into the broccoli. Movement of the lady beetle Coccinella septempunctata L. from thecover crop strips into the broccoli may have depressed aphid populations in 1996. Thenon-crop vegetation may have served as a sink rather than a source for Nabis species and appeared to reduce their density in the broccoli growing nearby. Therewas no evidence that background vegetation surrounding the broccoli reduced colonization by winged aphids.The density of the cabbage flea beetle Phyllotreta crucferae Goezewas lower in the broccoli relay compared with the clean-tilled broccoli.