DOCSLIB.ORG

Forest Hydrology and Watershed

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Forest Hydrology and Watershed Forest Hydrology and Watershed Edited by Fan-Rui Meng, Qiang Li, M. Altaf Arain and Michael Pisaric Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Forests www.mdpi.com/journal/forests Forest Hydrology and Watershed Forest Hydrology and Watershed Special Issue Editors Fan-Rui Meng Qiang Li M. Altaf Arain Michael Pisaric MDPI • Basel • Beijing • Wuhan • Barcelona • Belgrade Special Issue Editors Fan-Rui Meng Qiang Li M. Altaf Arain University of New Brunswick University of Victoria McMaster University Canada Canada Canada Michael Pisaric Brock University Canada Editorial Office MDPI St. Alban-Anlage 66 4052 Basel, Switzerland This is a reprint of articles from the Special Issue published online in the open access journal Forests (ISSN 1999-4907) from 2018 to 2019 (available at: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/forests/special issues/Hydrology Watershed). For citation purposes, cite each article independently as indicated on the article page online and as indicated below: LastName, A.A.; LastName, B.B.; LastName, C.C. Article Title. Journal Name Year, Article Number, Page Range. ISBN 978-3-03921-385-6 (Pbk) ISBN 978-3-03921-386-3 (PDF) c 2019 by the authors. Articles in this book are Open Access and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. The book as a whole is distributed by MDPI under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons license CC BY-NC-ND. Contents About the Special Issue Editors ..................................... vii Preface to ”Forest Hydrology and Watershed” ............................. ix Tayierjiang Aishan, Florian Betz, Um¨ ut ¨ Halik, Bernd Cyffka and Aihemaitijiang Rouzi Biomass Carbon Sequestration Potential by Riparian Forest in the Tarim River Watershed, Northwest China: Implication for the Mitigation of Climate Change Impact Reprinted from: Forests 2018, 9, 196, doi:10.3390/f10020196 ...................... 1 Xu-dong Huang, Ling Wang, Pei-pei Han and Wen-chuan Wang Spatial and Temporal Patterns in Nonstationary Flood Frequency across a Forest Watershed: Linkage with Rainfall and Land Use Types Reprinted from: Forests 2018, 9, 339, doi:10.3390/f9060339 ....................... 16 Liangliang Duan and Tijiu Cai Quantifying Impacts of Forest Recovery on Water Yield in Two Large Watersheds in the Cold Region of Northeast China Reprinted from: Forests 2018, 9, 392, doi:10.3390/f9070392 ....................... 36 Yoshitaka Oishi Evaluation of the Water-Storage Capacity of Bryophytes along an Altitudinal Gradient from Temperate Forests to the Alpine Zone Reprinted from: Forests 2018, 9, 433, doi:10.3390/f9070433 ....................... 54 Yiping Hou, Mingfang Zhang, Shirong Liu, Pengsen Sun, Lihe Yin, Taoli Yang, Yide Li, Qiang Li and Xiaohua Wei The Hydrological Impact of Extreme Weather-Induced Forest Disturbances in a Tropical Experimental Watershed in South China Reprinted from: Forests 2018, 9, 734, doi:10.3390/f9120734 ....................... 68 Qinli Yang, Shasha Luo, Hongcai Wu, Guoqing Wang, Dawei Han, Haishen Lu ¨ and Junming Shao Attribution Analysis for Runoff Change on Multiple Scales in a Humid Subtropical Basin Dominated by Forest, East China Reprinted from: Forests 2019, 10, 184, doi:10.3390/f10020184 ..................... 89 Krysta Giles-Hansen, Qiang Li and Xiaohua Wei The Cumulative Effects of Forest Disturbance and Climate Variability on Streamflow in the Deadman River Watershed Reprinted from: Forests 2019, 10, 196, doi:10.3390/f9040196 ......................107 Na Liu, Guang Bao, Yu Liu and Hans W. Linderholm Two Centuries-Long Streamflow Reconstruction Inferred from Tree Rings for the Middle Reaches of the Weihe River in Central China Reprinted from: Forests 2019, 10, 208, doi:10.3390/f10030208 .....................123 Zhipeng Xu, Wenfei Liu, Xiaohua Wei, Houbao Fan, Yizao Ge, Guanpeng Chen and Jin Xu Contrasting Differences in Responses of Streamflow Regimes between Reforestation and Fruit Tree Planting in a Subtropical Watershed of China Reprinted from: Forests 2019, 10, 212, doi:10.3390/f10030212 .....................137 v Ruibo Zhang, Bakytbek Ermenbaev, Tongwen Zhang, Mamtimin Ali, Li Qin and Rysbek Satylkanov The Radial Growth of Schrenk Spruce (Picea schrenkiana Fisch. et Mey.) Records the Hydroclimatic Changes in the Chu River Basin over the Past 175 Years Reprinted from: Forests 2019, 10, 223, doi:10.3390/f10030223 .....................152 Siyi Tan, Hairong Zhao, Wanqin Yang, Bo Tan, Kai Yue, Yu Zhang, Fuzhong Wu and Xiangyin Ni Forest Canopy Can Efficiently Filter Trace Metals in Deposited Precipitation in a Subalpine Spruce Plantation Reprinted from: Forests 2019, 10, 318, doi:10.3390/f10040318 .....................163 Ziyi Liang, Fuzhong Wu, Xiangyin Ni, Bo Tan, Li Zhang, Zhenfeng Xu, Junyi Hu and Kai Yue Woody Litter Increases Headwater Stream Metal Export Ratio in an Alpine Forest Reprinted from: Forests 2019, 10, 379, doi:10.3390/f10050379 .....................176 vi About the Special Issue Editors Fan-Rui Meng, Dr., started his career with a Bachelor and Master Degrees in Forest Engineering from Northeast Forestry University in Harbin, China. He then completed his Ph.D. in forest ecology from the University of New Brunswick, Canada. In 1997, Dr. Meng joined the Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Management as Industrial Research Chair, and served as the Research Director for the Noranda/Avenor Forest Watershed Management and Conservation Research Centre and later on Bowater/Nexfor Forest Watershed Research Centre. Qiang Li, Dr., is a postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Civil Engineering at the University of Victoria, Canada. He obtained his Ph.D. degree at the University of British Columbia, Okanagan, Canada in 2018. He completed his Master’s studies at the University of New Brunswick, Canada in 2013. His finished his BSE in electrical engineering at Xi’an Jiaotong University City College in 2010. His research interests include forest change and climate change impacts on hydrological processes, surface water and groundwater interactions, and global water sustainability. M. Altaf Arain, Dr., is a professor in the School of Geography and Earth Science at McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. He is also the Director of the McMaster Centre for Climate Change. He is also associate member of the McMaster Department of Civil Engineering and United Nations University. He was the president of the Canadian Geophysical Union (CGU)— Biogeosciences Section—from 2009 to 2012. He graduated from the Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, at the University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA. He has expertise in both micrometeorological measurements and land-surface atmosphere interaction modeling. Michael Pisaric, Dr., is a Professor and current Chair of the Department of Geography and Tourism Studies at Brock University, Ontario, Canada. He received his Ph.D. from Queen’s University in Kingston (Ontario) in 2001. Michael employs a number of paleoecological techniques to carry out his research, including lake-sediment analysis (fossil pollen, stomata and charcoal) and dendrochronology. He has carried out research in a number of regions throughout the world, including Siberia, western Canada and Montana (USA). He currently has ongoing research projects in Northwest Territories, Yukon, and Southern Ontario. vii Preface to ”Forest Hydrology and Watershed” Qiang Li 1, Fan-Rui Meng 2, M. Altaf Arain 3 and Michael F.J. Pisaric 4 1 Department of Civil Engineering, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada 2 Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Management, University of New Brunswick, 28 Dineen Drive. Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada 3 School of Geography and Earth Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada 4 Department of Geography and Tourism Studies Brock University 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada Hydrological processes in forested watersheds are influenced by environmental, physiological, and biometric factors such as precipitation, radiation, temperature, species type, leaf area, and extent and structure of forest ecosystems. Over the past two centuries, forest coverage and forest structures have been impacted globally by anthropogenic activities, for example, forest harvesting, and conversion of forested landscapes for plantations and urbanization [1–3]. In addition, climate change since the industrial revolution has resulted in profound impacts on forest ecosystems due to higher carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration or CO2 fertilization, warmer temperatures, changes in frequency and intensity of extreme weather events and natural disturbances. As a result, hydrological processes in forested watersheds have been altered by these natural and anthropogenic factors and these changes are expected to accelerate due to future changing climatic conditions. Hence, understanding how various environmental, physiological, and physical drivers interactively influence hydrological and biogeochemical processes in forest ecosystems is critical for sustainable water supply in forested watersheds. About 21% of the global population depends on water sources that originate in forested catchments, where forest coverage larger than 30% [4]. Furthermore, there are knowledge gaps in our understanding of mechanism of hydrological and hydrochemical cycles in forested
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences
    ISSN: 0975-8585 Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences Population Studies of Hedysarum theinum Krasnob. At the Ivanovsky Mountain Range of The Kazakh Altai Mountains. Alevtina Nikolaevna Danilova*, Yuri Andreevich Kotukhov, Olga Alexandrovna Anufrieva, and Serik Argynbekovich Kubentayev. Republican state enterprise "Altai Botanical Garden" of the Committee of Science, Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan 071300, Republic of Kazakhstan, East Kazakhstan Region, Ridder, Ermakova str., 1 ABSTRACT The current paper represents ecological, biological, and resource studies of Hedysarum theinum Krasnob. at the Ivanovsky Mountain Range of the Kazakh Altai Mountains. We have provided a phytocoenotic description of the species’ habitat, and determined the ontogenesis, age composition of the coenopopulations, numbers, presence of pests and pathogenic organisms, as well as the seasonal rhythm of development of sweetvetch. We have found that Hedysarum theinum inhabits large territories of the Ivanovsky Mountain Range and undergoes excessive anthropogenic impact. The species does not form industrial reserves and may serve as a source of raw materials for the local pharmacy chain. Within the coenopopulations, the species acts as dominant or subdominant. The sweetvetch coenopopulations from different sites of the Ivanovsky Mountain Range have similar age composition with uniform age spectra: in all cases the absolute maxima account for mature reproductive individuals. The populations of this species have normal age distributions lacking certain stages, they are dominated by mature generative plants, the numbers of juvenile and premature individuals are low, whereas senile plants are completely absent. Seed productivity undergoes substantial fluctuations over the years, also depending on the altitude of the species’ habitat and climatic conditions during the vegetative period, while almost all altitudinal belts are marked by relatively high seed productivity.
    [Show full text]
  • A Study of Policies and Legislation Affecting Payments for Watershed Services in China
    A study of policies and legislation affecting payments for watershed services in China Changjin Sun and Chen Liqiao January 2006 The views represented in this document do not necessarily represent those of the institutions involved, nor do they necessarily represent official UK Government and/or DFID policies. A review of watershed environmental services in China Contacts: Changjin Sun and Chen Liqiao, Chinese Research Center of Ecological and Environmental Economics Beijing • Tel: 010-8481 4391 • Fax: 010-8482 6362 • Email: [email protected]; [email protected] Forestry and Land Use, Natural Resources Group, International Institute for Environment and Development, 3 Endsleigh Street, London WC1H 0DD, UK • Tel: +44 (0)20 7388 2117 • Fax: +44 (0)20 7388 2826 • Email: [email protected] Citation: Sun, Changjin and Chen Liqiao (2006) A study of policies and legislation affecting payments for watershed services in China. Research Center of Ecological and Environmental Economics Beijing, and International Institute for Environment and Development, London, UK. Developing markets for watershed protection services and improved livelihoods Based on evidence from a range of field sites the IIED project, ‘Developing markets for watershed services and improved livelihoods’ is generating debate on the potential role of markets for watershed services. Under this subset of markets for environmental services, downstream users of water compensate upstream land managers for activities that influence the quantity and quality of downstream water. The project purpose is to increase understanding of the potential role of market mechanisms in promoting the provision of watershed services for improving livelihoods in developing countries. The project is funded by the UK Department for International Development (DFID).
    [Show full text]
  • Transforming Payments for Environmental Services in China: Moving from State Control to Equitable Market Mechanisms
    1 Transforming payments for environmental services in China: moving from state control to equitable market mechanisms A diagnostic country study contributing to the international project: Developing markets for watershed protection services and improved livelihoods1 Workplan for July 2004 to September 2005 Executive Summary The overall purpose of the project is to: “increase the understanding of the potential role of market mechanisms in promoting the provision of watershed services for improving livelihoods in developing countries.” The work plan for China’s diagnostic study was developed at a preparatory workshop held in Beijing on May 10, 2004, which was attended by principal project partners and other stakeholders. China’s context of payment for environmental services (PES) was reviewed in the workshop. It was agreed that different and complex PES schemes exist in China, which are either initiated by the central government or by local communities. The outputs and the activities for the diagnostic study were developed in the workshop. The diagnostic study has been formulated with four broad outputs with the long-term vision of transforming payments for environmental services from state control to markets. These outputs are: • review of macro-economic policy and legislation that impact on PES, • five case studies that will improve the understanding of market or decentralized projects payments for environmental services, • feasibility studies for further options from selected case studies, and • dissemination of information through seminars, workshops and exchange visits for selected stakeholders. The College of Humanities and Development (COHD) of China Agricultural University (CAU) will coordinate the project implementation together with other partners, including the Institute of Agricultural Economics (IAE), the World Agroforestry Center (ICRAF) and the Research Center for Ecological and Environmental Economics (RCEEE).
    [Show full text]
  • Изменение Размеров И Состояния Ледников Казахстана За 60 Лет (1955–2015 Гг.) © 2018 Г
    Лёд и Снег · 2018 · Т. 58 · № 2 Ушёл из жизни Евгений Николаевич Вилесов – один из старейших гляциологов Республики Казахстан, активный член Гляциологической ассоциации. В последние годы он преподавал в Казахском Национальном университете им. аль-Фараби (Алматы), но продолжал гляциологические исследования и опубликовал несколько монографий о ледниках Казахстана. Совсем недавно Евгений Николаевич прислал для публикации нашего журнала свою статью, которая оказалась последней в его творчестве. Мы публикуем эту статью, доработанную Г.А. Носенко. УДК 551.324 (035.3) doi: 10.15356/2076-6734-2018-2-159-170 Изменение размеров и состояния ледников Казахстана за 60 лет (1955–2015 гг.) © 2018 г. Е.Н. Вилесов Казахский национальный университет им . альФараби, Алматы, Республика Казахстан Changes in the size and condition of the glaciers in Kazakhstan for the last 60 years (1955–2015) Е.N. Vilesov AlFarabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan Received August 15, 2017 Accepted December 20, 2017 Keywords: ablation, accumulation, glacial runoff, glacier dynamics, inventory of glaciers, Kazakhstan, mass balance. Summary In 1960–70s, a complete Inventory of the Kazakhstan glaciers had been prepared in the framework of the All‑Union Glacier Inventory Program. All the morphometric parameters of the glaciers together with area and linear dimensions of them, and the absolute heights of characteristic points were determined from the 1:100 000 scale topographic maps and aerial photography of 1955–1956. In the late 1970‑s and in 1990, new inventories of glaciers of the Zailiysky and Dzungarian Alatau were prepared by the same procedure from the 1:25 000 scale topographic maps and aerial photography. Since the beginning of the 20th century, satel‑ lite images and GIS technologies were used for this purpose.
    [Show full text]
  • Climate Change Impacts on Central Asian Water Resources
    Adv. Geosci., 32, 77–83, 2012 www.adv-geosci.net/32/77/2012/ Advances in doi:10.5194/adgeo-32-77-2012 Geosciences © Author(s) 2012. CC Attribution 3.0 License. Climate change impacts on Central Asian water resources M. Malsy, T. Aus der Beek, S. Eisner, and M. Florke¨ Center for Environmental Systems Research, University of Kassel, Wilhelmshoher¨ Allee 47, 34109 Kassel, Germany Correspondence to: M. Malsy ([email protected]) Received: 31 January 2012 – Revised: 28 August 2012 – Accepted: 11 October 2012 – Published: 13 December 2012 Abstract. Central Asia is in large parts dominated by low water management strategies (O’Hara, 2000), and many precipitation and, consequentially, by low water availability. more (EDB, 2009; Lioubimtseva and Henebry, 2009). Therefore, changes of natural water resources induced by cli- Within this integrated model study the hydrological and mate change are of high interest. The aim of this study is to water use model WaterGAP3 (Water – Global Assessment analyse the potential impact of climate change on Central and Prognosis) is applied to all river basins located in Kaza- Asian water resources until the end of the 21st century and to khstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, point out the main affected regions. Thus, simulations with Southern Russia, North-Western China, and Mongolia in five the large-scale hydrology model WaterGAP3 for the base- arc minutes spatial resolution (∼ 6×9 km per grid cell). Fur- line and scenario periods were performed with outputs from thermore, an overview of the Central Asian water resources three General Circulation Models (GCMs: ECHAM5, IPSL- of the last three decades is given.
    [Show full text]
  • Malus Sieversii Belongs to the Rose Family, Rosaceae (Making It Related to Other Fruit Trees, Including Apricots, Plums, Cherries and Almonds)
    | REPORT © Georgy Georgy Lazkov - Malus sieversii – wild apple wild FAUNA & FLORA INTERNATIONAL’S М a l u s s i e v e r s i i – w i l d a p p l e : s p e c i e s s t a t u s review and action plan for its conservation in Childukhtaron a n d D a s h t i j u m r e s e r v e s , T a j i k i s t a n |PREPARED BY: Gulazor Miravalova, FFI Intern David Gill, Programme Manager, Central Asia, FFI Mario Boboev, Director of Kulob Botanical Garden Rasima Sabzalieva, Project Assistant, FFI Tajikistan April 2020 Мalus sieversii – wild apple: species status review and action plan for its conservation in Childukhtaron and Dashtijum reserves, Tajikistan Written by: Gulazor Miravalova, FFI Intern Edited by: David Gill, Programme Manager, Central Asia, FFI Mario Boboev, Director of Kulob Botanical Garden Rasima Sabzalieva, Project Assistant, FFI Tajikistan Photo credit: Mario Boboev April 2020 2 Table of contents 1. SPECIES DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................... 4 1.1.TAXONOMY .................................................................................................................... 4 1.2 STATUS .......................................................................................................................... 4 1.3. BIOLOGY/ DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................. 4 2. CURRENT DISTRIBUTION............................................................................................. 6 2.1.GLOBAL ........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Assessment of Snow, Glacier and Water Resources in Asia
    IHP/HWRP-BERICHTE Heft 8 Koblenz 2009 Assessment of Snow, Glacier and Water Resources in Asia Assessment of Snow, Glacier and Water Resources in Asia Resources Water Glacier and of Snow, Assessment IHP/HWRP-Berichte • Heft 8/2009 IHP/HWRP-Berichte IHP – International Hydrological Programme of UNESCO ISSN 1614 -1180 HWRP – Hydrology and Water Resources Programme of WMO Assessment of Snow, Glacier and Water Resources in Asia Selected papers from the Workshop in Almaty, Kazakhstan, 2006 Joint Publication of UNESCO-IHP and the German IHP/HWRP National Committee edited by Ludwig N. Braun, Wilfried Hagg, Igor V. Severskiy and Gordon Young Koblenz, 2009 Deutsches IHP/HWRP - Nationalkomitee IHP – International Hydrological Programme of UNESCO HWRP – Hydrology and Water Resource Programme of WMO BfG – Bundesanstalt für Gewässerkunde, Koblenz German National Committee for the International Hydrological Programme (IHP) of UNESCO and the Hydrology and Water Resources Programme (HWRP) of WMO Koblenz 2009 © IHP/HWRP Secretariat Federal Institute of Hydrology Am Mainzer Tor 1 56068 Koblenz • Germany Telefon: +49 (0) 261/1306-5435 Telefax: +49 (0) 261/1306-5422 http://ihp.bafg.de FOREWORD III Foreword The topic of water availability and the possible effects The publication will serve as a contribution to the of climate change on water resources are of paramount 7th Phase of the International Hydrological Programme importance to the Central Asian countries. In the last (IHP 2008 – 2013) of UNESCO, which has endeavored decades, water supply security has turned out to be to address demands arising from a rapidly changing one of the major challenges for these countries. world. Several focal areas have been identified by the The supply initially ensured by snow and glaciers is IHP to address the impacts of global changes.
    [Show full text]
  • The Legacy of Tiananmen: 20 Years of Oppression, Activism and Hope Chrd
    THE LEGACY OF TIANANMEN: 20 YEARS OF OPPRESSION, ACTIVISM AND HOPE CHRD Chinese Human Rights Defenders (CHRD) Web: Hhttp://crd-net.org/H Email: [email protected] THE LEGACY OF TIANANMEN: 20 YEARS OF OPPRESSION, ACTIVISM AND HOPE Chinese Human Rights Defenders June 1, 2009 Twenty years since the Tiananmen massacre, the Chinese government refuses to accept responsibility, much less apologize or offer compensation, for killing, injuring, imprisoning and persecuting individuals for participating in peaceful protests. The number of the victims, and their names and identities, remain unknown. Families continue to be barred from publicly commemorating and seeking accountability for the death of their loved ones. Activists are persecuted and harassed for independently investigating the crackdown or for calling for a rectification of the government’s verdict on the pro‐democracy movement. Many individuals continue to suffer the consequences of participating in the pro‐democracy movement today. At least eight individuals remain imprisoned in Beijing following unfair trials in which they were convicted of committing “violent crimes”. Those who were released after long sentences have had difficulty re‐integrating into society as they suffer from continued police harassment as well as illnesses and injuries resulting from torture, beatings and mistreatment while in prison. Many of those injured have had to pay for their own medical expenses and continue to struggle as the physical and psychological scars leave them unable to take care of themselves or to work. Some who took part in the protests still find it difficult to make ends meet after they were dismissed from comfortable jobs or expelled from universities after 1989.
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of Tree-Ring Chronologies in Coniferous Forests of Southeastern Kazakhstan
    OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences Original Research Paper Analysis of Tree-Ring Chronologies in Coniferous Forests of Southeastern Kazakhstan 1Ainur Utebekova, 2Bagila Maisupova, 1Bulkair Mambetov, 1Daniyar Dosmanbetov, 2Nurzhan Kelgenbayev and 3Talgat Abzhanov 1Kazakh National Agrarian University, Almaty, Kazakhstan 2Kazakh Research Institute of Forestry and Agroforestry, Almaty, Kazakhstan 3S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan Article history Abstract: The aim of the present research was to study the spatial and Received: 18-09-2020 temporal patterns in the growth response of spruce to climate change at Revised: 04-02-2021 different altitudes (upper, middle and lower) of mountainous terrain in Accepted: 04-02-2021 Southern Kazakhstan. The analysis of the climatic response of the generalized chronologies was carried out by calculating the correlation Corresponding Author: Ainur Utebekova coefficients (Rs) between the growth indices and monthly precipitations Kazakh National Agrarian and air temperatures for the period during which the influence of climatic University, Almaty, factors on the annual radial increment of wood was possible. This is Kazakhstan especially important in cases where there are no assumptions about the Email: [email protected] possible influence of climatic factors on the growth of woody plants in specific conditions. According to the research, correlation and response analysis shows that the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) from July 2015 to June 2016 was the main factor limiting the radial growth of Schrenk spruce. The PDSI showed markedly prolonged and rapid hydration from 1980 to 2005 but declined after 2005. There have been three particularly dry years over the past decade (2008, 2014 and 2015).
    [Show full text]
  • A Visualization Quality Evaluation Method for Multiple Sequence Alignments
    2011 5th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE 2011) Wuhan, China 10 - 12 May 2011 Pages 1 - 867 IEEE Catalog Number: CFP1129C-PRT ISBN: 978-1-4244-5088-6 1/7 TABLE OF CONTENTS ALGORITHMS, MODELS, SOFTWARE AND TOOLS IN BIOINFORMATICS: A Visualization Quality Evaluation Method for Multiple Sequence Alignments ............................................................1 Hongbin Lee, Bo Wang, Xiaoming Wu, Yonggang Liu, Wei Gao, Huili Li, Xu Wang, Feng He A New Promoter Recognition Method Based On Features Optimal Selection.................................................................5 Lan Tao, Huakui Chen, Yanmeng Xu, Zexuan Zhu A Center Closeness Algorithm For The Analyses Of Gene Expression Data ...................................................................9 Huakun Wang, Lixin Feng, Zhou Ying, Zhang Xu, Zhenzhen Wang A Novel Method For Lysine Acetylation Sites Prediction ................................................................................................ 11 Yongchun Gao, Wei Chen Weighted Maximum Margin Criterion Method: Application To Proteomic Peptide Profile ....................................... 15 Xiao Li Yang, Qiong He, Si Ya Yang, Li Liu Ectopic Expression Of Tim-3 Induces Tumor-Specific Antitumor Immunity................................................................ 19 Osama A. O. Elhag, Xiaojing Hu, Weiying Zhang, Li Xiong, Yongze Yuan, Lingfeng Deng, Deli Liu, Yingle Liu, Hui Geng Small-World Network Properties Of Protein Complexes: Node Centrality And Community Structure
    [Show full text]
  • China's Role in the Chemical and Biological Disarmament Regimes
    ERIC CRODDY China’s Role in the Chemical and Biological Disarmament Regimes ERIC CRODDY Eric Croddy is a Senior Research Associate at the Chemical and Biological Weapons Nonproliferation Program, Center for Nonproliferation Studies, Monterey Institute of International Studies. He is the author of Chemical and Biological Warfare: A Comprehensive Survey for the Concerned Citizen (New York: Copernicus Books, 2001). odern China has been linked with the prolif- least—and with considerable diplomatic effort—China eration of nuclear, chemical, and missile weap- broadcasts its commitment to both the CWC and the Mons technology to states of proliferation con- BWC. cern, and its compliance with arms control and disarma- Few unclassified publications analyze the role that CBW ment is seen as key to the effectiveness of weapons of have played in Chinese military strategy, nor is much in- 1 mass destruction (WMD) nonproliferation efforts. In this formation available on Beijing’s approach to negotiating context, the answer to Gerald Segal’s question, “Does CBW disarmament treaties. This is not surprising: China 2 China really matter?” is most definitely, “Yes.” In the is an extremely difficult subject for study where sensitive realm of chemical and biological weapons (CBW), military matters are concerned. A 1998 report by Dr. Bates Beijing’s role is closely linked to its view of the multilat- Gill, Case Study 6: People’s Republic of China, published eral disarmament regimes for CBW, namely the Chemi- by the Chemical and Biological Arms Control Institute, cal Weapons Convention (CWC) and the Biological and was the first to seriously address the issue of China and Toxin Weapons Convention (BWC), and of related mul- CBW proliferation.
    [Show full text]
  • Genetic Diversity and Evolution in Lactuca L. (Asteraceae)
    Genetic diversity and evolution in Lactuca L. (Asteraceae) from phylogeny to molecular breeding Zhen Wei Thesis committee Promotor Prof. Dr M.E. Schranz Professor of Biosystematics Wageningen University Other members Prof. Dr P.C. Struik, Wageningen University Dr N. Kilian, Free University of Berlin, Germany Dr R. van Treuren, Wageningen University Dr M.J.W. Jeuken, Wageningen University This research was conducted under the auspices of the Graduate School of Experimental Plant Sciences. Genetic diversity and evolution in Lactuca L. (Asteraceae) from phylogeny to molecular breeding Zhen Wei Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of doctor at Wageningen University by the authority of the Rector Magnificus Prof. Dr A.P.J. Mol, in the presence of the Thesis Committee appointed by the Academic Board to be defended in public on Monday 25 January 2016 at 1.30 p.m. in the Aula. Zhen Wei Genetic diversity and evolution in Lactuca L. (Asteraceae) - from phylogeny to molecular breeding, 210 pages. PhD thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen, NL (2016) With references, with summary in Dutch and English ISBN 978-94-6257-614-8 Contents Chapter 1 General introduction 7 Chapter 2 Phylogenetic relationships within Lactuca L. (Asteraceae), including African species, based on chloroplast DNA sequence comparisons* 31 Chapter 3 Phylogenetic analysis of Lactuca L. and closely related genera (Asteraceae), using complete chloroplast genomes and nuclear rDNA sequences 99 Chapter 4 A mixed model QTL analysis for salt tolerance in
    [Show full text]