Milky Way, Whiteside, MO July 7, 2018 References: http://www.seasky.org/astronomy/astronomy-calendar-2021.html http://www.asteroidoccultation.com/2021-BestEvents.htm https://in-the-sky.org/newscalyear.php?year=2021&maxdiff=7 https://www.go-astronomy.com/solar-system/event-calendar.htm https://www.photopills.com/articles/astronomical-events-photography- guide#step1 https://www.timeanddate.com/eclipse/

All Photos by Mark Jones Unless noted

Southern Cross May 6, 2018 Tulum, MX Full Events 2021 Largest Apr 27 2021: diameter: 33.7’; 345,572km May 26, 2021: diameter: 33.4’; 358,014km; Eclipse Smallest Oct 20, 2021: diameter: 29.7’; 402,517km; Eclipse Image below shows the apparent size difference between largest and smallest dates

Canon DSLR FL=300mm Full Moon Events 2021 May 26 – Lunar Eclipse- partial from STL Partial Start 4:23am, Alt=9 deg moon set 5:43am, 80% covered Aug 22 - Blue Moon Nov 19 – Lunar Eclipse – Almost total from STL Partial Start 1:19am, Alt=61 deg Max Partial 3:05am, Alt=42 deg Partial End 4:49am, Alt=23 deg

Total Lunar Eclipse, Oct 8 2014 Canon DSLR, Celestron C-8 Other Moon Events 2021 V Lunar-X on the Moon (Start Times)

• Mar 20 – 16:01 Alt=54° • May 18 – 17:34 Alt=65° • Jul 16 – 17:00 Alt=42° • Sep 13 – 16:09 Alt=15° X • Nov 11 – 18:03 Alt=32° Lunar V also seen at same Sun angles Yellow=Favorable Moon Conditions Other Moon Events 2021 Lunar V - Visible at the same time just north of the X. 14-mile-wide (23 km) Ukert

Lunar X - crater edges north of Werner visible on the morning terminator

Lunar L – Visible about an hour past the X’s peak time and scan southward along the terminator just beyond Stofler Crater

https://astronomy.com/magazine/2018/11/o bserve-shadow-play--on-the-moon

Photo: Steven Bellavia Solar Eclipses 2021 None visible from STL Next visible solar eclipse from STL Oct 14, 2023 – Partial/Annular Eclipse

If you want to travel to Canada (1000 miles) you can witness a sunrise annular eclipse June 10, 2021 2021 Meteor Showers

• January 3 Quadrantids; ZHR=40 (FM+4days) • April 22 Lyrids; ZHR=20 (FQ+2days) • May 4 Eta Aquarids; ZHR=60 (LQ+1day) • July 27 Delta Aquarids; ZHR=20 (FM+4days) • Aug 12 Perseids; ZHR=60 (FQ-3days) • Oct 21 Orionids; ZHR=20 (FM+1day) • Nov 17 Leonids; ZHR=20 (FM-2days) • Dec 14 Geminids; ZHR=120 (FQ+4days)

Yellow=Favorable Moon Conditions Perseid Meteor, Aug 11, 2016, Belle, MO Oppositions 2021

• Jupiter – Aug 19 14 (dia=49.9 arc-sec) Top to Bottom: Relative sizes of • Saturn – Aug 2 (dia=18.6 arc-sec) • Uranus – Nov 4 (dia=3.8 arc-sec) Venus

• – Sep 14 (dia=2.4 arc-sec) • Venus SC – Mar 26 (9.7 arc-sec) Jupiter • Venus GEE – Oct 29 (25 arc-sec) • Mars – SC Oct 8 (dia=3.6 arc-sec) Saturn • Yellow=Favorable Conditions Uranus • SC= Superior Conjunction • QEE= Greatest East Neptune

• = Increase or decrease in size since 2020 Images from Stellarium Venus 2021 • Jan 1 – Morning object, 10.7 arc-seconds, mag = -3.93 • Mar 26 – SC, 9.7 arc-seconds • Oct 29 - Venus GEE – 25 arc-seconds, mag = -4.41 • Images below are at same magnification as Jupiter and show the apparent size difference between largest and smallest • SC= Superior Conjunction

Venus – Jan 1 Venus – Mar 26 (SC) Venus – Oct 29 (GEE)

Images from Stellarium Mars 2021 Mars – Jan 1

• Jan 1 – 10 arc-seconds in diameter, mag = - 0.22 • Mar 1 - 6.3 arc-seconds, mag = + 0.92 • Jun 1 – 4.2 arc-seconds, mag = + 1.74 • Oct 8 – SC, 3.6 arc-seconds • Dec 31 – 4.0 arc-seconds, mag = + 1.54 (morning sky) Mars – Mar 1

• SC= Superior Conjunction

Mars – Oct 8 (SC)

Images from Stellarium Jupiter 2021 • Jan 1 – 32.9 arc-seconds, mag = -1.95 • Aug 19 - Jupiter at opposition, 49.1 arc-seconds, mag= -2.88 • Image below shows the apparent size difference between largest and smallest dates

Jan 1 Aug 19 (Opp)

Images from Stellarium Saturn 2021

• Jan 1 – 15.2 arc-seconds (35.5 arc-sec rings), mag = + 0.62 • Aug 2 - Saturn Opposition – 18.6 arc-seconds (43.4 arc-sec rings), mag = + 0.18 • Images below are at same magnification as Jupiter and show the apparent size difference between largest and smallest

Jan 1 Aug 2 (Opp)

Images from Stellarium Uranus 2021

• Jan 1 – 3.6 arc-seconds, mag = + 5.72 • Nov 4 - Uranus opposition, 3.8 arc-seconds, mag = + 5.65 • Jupiter at same magnification

Jupiter Uranus – Nov 4 (Opp)

Images from Stellarium Neptune 2021

• Jan 1 – 2.3 arc-seconds, mag = + 7.92 • Sep 14 - Neptune opposition, 2.4 arc-sec, mag = +7.82 • Jupiter at same magnification

Neptune – Sep 14 (Opp) Jupiter

Images from Stellarium Oppositions 2021 Mar 4 Mag=6.2 Apr 4 9 Virgo Mag=9.5 Jul 18 6 Hebe Aquila Mag=8.4 Sep 11 Pisces Mag=8.6 Nov 27 1 Taurus Mag=7.2

Moon Pluto 1000 km Relative sizes

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 TNO Oppositions 2021 Mag=17.1 Mar 27 136472 Makemake Coma Berenices 52AU Mag=17.3 Apr 17 136108 Haumea Bootes 49AU Mag=14.9 Jul 18 134340 Pluto Sagittarius 33AU Mag=18.7 Oct 17 136199 Eris Cetus 94AU

Relative sizes Lunar 2021 DATE NAME MAG % ILL GENERAL AREA e USA, e Canada, 16-May-21 ZC1170 κ Gem 3.6m 23+ Caribbean 1-Nov-21 ZC1702 ν Vir 4.0m 15- w USA, w Canada

e USA, e Canada, w 24-Dec-21 ZC1484 η Leo 3.5m 78- Europe, nw Africa

Beta Scorpi and Moon 9-21-2020 Lunar Occultations 2021

• May 16 – Moon occults Kappa Gem, mag=4.1 • Evening Sky • Starts 20:32 (8:32pm) • End 21:35 (9:35am)

Images from Stellarium Lunar Occultations 2021

• Nov 1 – Moon occults v Virginis, mag=3.4 • Evening Sky • Starts 6:57 (6:57am) • End 8:11 (8:11am)

Images from Stellarium Lunar Occultations 2021

• Dec 24 – Moon occults Eta Leonis, mag=3.4 • Evening Sky • Start: before moonrise • End: 21:45 (9:45pm), Alt=8 deg

Images from Stellarium Lunar Conjunctions 2021 May 15 23:47 Moon-Mars: 1.6° S Jun 12 1:44 Moon-Venus: 1.6° S Nov 07 23:21 Moon-Venus: 1.1° S Dec 06 18:48 Moon-Venus: 1.9° N

Moon/Mars – 10-2-2020 Moon/Saturn/Jupiter – 10-2-2020 Lunar Conjunctions 2021

• May 15 – Moon 1.5o from Mars • In Gemini • Evening Sky • 11:30pm

Images from Stellarium Lunar Conjunctions 2021

• Jun 11 – Moon 2.5o from Venus • In Gemini • Evening Sky • 9:30pm, 4o above horizon

Images from Stellarium Lunar Conjunctions 2021

• Nov 7 – Moon 3.5o from Venus • In Sagittarius • Evening Sky • 6:30pm, 12o above horizon

Images from Stellarium Lunar Conjunctions 2021

• Dec 6 – Moon 2.5o from Venus • In Sagittarius • Evening Sky • 5:30pm, 15o above horizon

Images from Stellarium Planet Conjunctions 2021

Jan 19 22:00 Mars-Uranus: 1.7° S Feb 11 6:45 Venus-Jupiter: 1.5° S Feb 23 1:38 Mercury-Saturn: 4° N Mar 04 23:11 Mercury-Jupiter: 0.3° N May 28 22:01 Mercury-Venus: 0.4° N Jul 13 8:17 Venus-Mars: 0.5° N Aug 18 22:03 Mercury-Mars: 0.1° N

Jupiter/Saturn 12-20-2020 Planet Conjunctions 2021

• Jan 19 – Mars and Uranus • Evening sky • 10pm • 35o above horizon

Images from Stellarium Planet Conjunctions 2021

• Feb 11 – Venus and Jupiter • 1 ½ deg • Morning sky – Very difficult • 6:45am • 2o above horizon • Mercury, Saturn, Jupiter and Venus all within 7 degrees!!

Images from Stellarium Planet Conjunctions 2021

• Feb 23 – Jupiter, Saturn, Mercury before sunrise • In Capricornus • Morning Sky • 6:00am, 5o above horizon

Images from Stellarium Planet Conjunctions 2021

• Mar 4 – Jupiter, Saturn, Mercury before sunrise • Jupiter and Mercury ½ deg apart • In Capricornus • Morning Sky • 5:45am, 5o above horizon

Images from Stellarium Planet Conjunctions 2021

• May 28 – Venus, Mercury after sunset • Venus and Mercury 1/3 deg apart • Evening Sky • 8:45pm, 8o above horizon

Images from Stellarium Planet Conjunctions 2021

• Jul 13 – Venus, Mars after sunset • Venus and Mercury 1/2 deg apart • Evening Sky • 9:45pm, 3o above horizon

Images from Stellarium Planet Conjunctions 2021

• Aug 18 – Mars and Mercury after sunset • Mars and Mercury 5 arc-minutes apart !! • Evening Sky • 8:30pm, 1o above horizon • Difficult Viewing

Images from Stellarium Deep Sky Conjunctions 2021 Mar 02 17:32 Mars-Pleiades: 2.6° S Apr 26 21:15 Mars-M35: 0.5° S May 03 22:01 Mercury-Pleiades: 2.2° S Jun 23 0:21 Mars-Beehive: 0.3° S Jul 02 21:45 Venus-Beehive: 0.1° N Jul 21 16:21 Venus-: 1.1° N Jul 29 9:09 Mars-Regulus: 0.6° N Oct 16 8:24 Venus-Antares: 1.5° N

Venus/Pleiades Venus/Hyades 3-31-2020 7-10-2020 Deep Sky Conjunctions 2021

• Mar 2 & 3 – Mars and Pleiades • 2 ½ deg • Evening Sky • 8:30pm

Images from Stellarium Deep Sky Conjunctions 2021

• Apr 26 – Mars and M35 • 1 deg • Evening Sky • 9:30pm

Images from Stellarium Deep Sky Conjunctions 2021

• May 3 – Mercury and Pleiades • 2 ½ deg • 5 degrees above horizon • Evening Sky • 9 pm

Images from Stellarium Deep Sky Conjunctions 2021

• Jun 23 – Mars and Bee Hive Cluster • 0 deg ! • 15 degrees above horizon • Evening Sky • 9pm

Images from Stellarium Deep Sky Conjunctions 2021

• Jul 2 – Venus and Bee Hive Cluster • 1.5 deg ! • 1 degrees above horizon • Evening Sky • 10pm • Very difficult

Images from Stellarium Deep Sky Conjunctions 2021

• Jul 21 – Venus and Regulus (and Mars) • 1 deg ! • 5 degrees above horizon • Evening Sky • 9:30pm

Images from Stellarium Deep Sky Conjunctions 2021

• Jul 29 – Mars and Regulus • >1 deg apart • 5 degrees above horizon • Evening Sky • 9 pm • Difficult

Images from Stellarium Deep Sky Conjunctions 2021

• Oct 16 – Venus and Antares • 1 ¼ deg • 15 degrees above horizon • Evening Sky • 9:30pm

Images from Stellarium Asteroid Occultations 2021

Event Asteroid Ast Mag Star Star Mag dM D A Visibility Comments Date/Time

, TYC 6892- 0.29m 9.2s USA, close double 29 Oct 2021 (6) Hebe mag 9.8 mag10.7 02:24 UT 00307-1 39° Mexico star (200) , 2.70m 8.2s close double 03 Dec 2021 Dyname mag 13.4 HIP 53071 mag8.5 USA star 10:15 UT ne 74° E USA, 14 Dec 2021 (22) 0.58m mag 10.3 YC 2441-00670-1 mag10.7 W , 09:26 UT Kalliope 14.7s 69° Canada

Source: http://www.asteroidoccultation.com/ Asteroid On 2021 Oct 29 UT, the 200.1 km diameter asteroid (6) Hebe will occult a 10.7 mag star in the Sagittarius for observers along a path across USA, Mexico. STL just outside of path The combined light of the asteroid and the star will drop by 0.29 mag to 9.43 mag (the combined of the asteroid and the close companion star) for at most 9.2 seconds. http://www.asteroidoccultation.com/2021_10/1029_6_71660_Summary.txt Asteroid Occultation On 2021 Dec 03 UT, the 130.2 km diameter asteroid (200) Dynamene will occult a 8.5 mag star in the constellation Leo for observers along a path across USA. STL in path ! The combined light of the asteroid and the star will drop by 2.70 mag to 11.07 mag (the combined magnitude of the asteroid and the close companion star) for at most 8.2 seconds. http://www.asteroidoccultation.com/2021_12/1203_200_71996.htm Asteroid Occultation On 2021 Dec 14 UT, the 169.1 km diameter asteroid (22) Kalliope will occult a 10.7 mag star in the constellation Gemini for observers along a path across E USA, W Canada. STL just outside of path The combined light of the asteroid and the star will drop by 0.58 mag to 10.27 mag (the magnitude of the asteroid) for at most 14.7 seconds.. http://www.asteroidoccultation.com/2021_12/1214_22_72132.htm