International Migration Report 2009: a Global Assessment

E c o n o m i c &

s r i a f f A l a i c o S

International Migration Report 2009:

A Global Assessment

United Nations This page is intentionally left blank

ST/ESA/SER.A/316 December 2011

Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division

International Migration Report 2009: A Global Assessment

United Nations

DESA

The Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat is a vital interface between global policies in the economic, social and environmental spheres and national action. The Department works in three main interlinked areas: (i) it compiles, generates and analyses a wide range of economic, social and environmental data and information on which States Members of the United Nations draw to review common problems and take stock of policy options; (ii) it facilitates the negotiations of Member States in many intergovernmental bodies on joint courses of action to address ongoing or emerging global challenges; and (iii) it advises interested Governments on the ways and means of translating policy frameworks developed in United Nations conferences and summits into programmes at the country level and, through technical assistance, helps build national capacities.

Note

The designations employed in this report and the material presented in it do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

Symbols of United Nations documents are composed of capital letters combined with figures.

This publication has been issued without formal editing.

Suggested citation:

United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2011). International Migration Report 2009: A Global Assessment (United Nations, ST/ESA/SER.A/316).

PREFACE

The Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) of the United Nations Secretariat is responsible for providing the international community with up-to-date and objective information on population and development. The Population Division provides guidance to the United Nations General Assembly, the Economic and Social Council and the Commission on Population and Development on population and development issues. The Division also undertakes regular studies on population levels, trends and dynamics, including trends of international migration, changes in population policies and the interrelationships between population and development.

In the area of international migration, the Population Division estimates the global number of international migrants at regular intervals, monitors levels, trends and policies of international migration, and collects and analyses information on the relationship between international migration and development. The Migration Section also convenes the interagency coordination meeting on international migration and organizes expert group meetings. As part of its monitoring activities, the Migration Section within the Population Division maintains the United Nations Global Migration Database, which contains the most complete set of statistics on international migrants enumerated in the countries or areas of the world and classified by country of birth or citizenship, sex and age. On behalf of DESA, the Migration Section participates in the interagency Global Migration Group (GMG). The Section also services the intergovernmental process on international migration and development at the General Assembly and acts within the Secretariat as the focal point for the State-led Global Forum on Migration and Development (GFMD).

This report presents information on international migration levels, trends and legal instruments for major areas, regions and countries of the world. The data for the international migrant stock are taken from the publication Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2008 Revision. The estimates on the total population, net migration and the projected population up to 2050 are based on World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. For the first time, data on international migration flows for a selected group of countries are included in the analysis. The data come from the dataset International Migration Flows to and from Selected Countries: The 2008 Revision. The analysis of the ratification status of migration-related legal instruments for Member States of the United Nations and the International Labour Organization (ILO) is based on information from the United Nations Treaty Section which can be accessed at treaties.un.org. For more information on the data and methodology used for calculating the various indicators used in this report, please see the above-mentioned publications.

Responsibility for this report rests with the Population Division. Preparation of this publication was facilitated by the ongoing work of the regional commissions, the specialized agencies and other relevant bodies of the United Nations, in particular the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The Population Division is also grateful to the Statistics Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs for its continuing cooperation.

For further information about this publication, please contact the Population Division, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA by telephone (+1 212) 963-3179, fax (+1 212) 963-2147 or email ([email protected]). More information on the activities of the Population Division in the area of international migration can be found at www.unmigration.org.

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CONTENTS Page

Preface ...... iii Explanatory notes ...... xii Classification of countries or areas by major areas and region of the world ...... xiv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... xvii

PART ONE. INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION LEVELS, TRENDS AND LEGAL INSTRUMENTS

I. INTERNATIONAL MIGRANT STOCK ...... 1 II. INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION FLOWS—SELECTED COUNTRIES ...... 7 III. NET INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION ...... 16 IV. LEGAL INSTRUMENTS ON INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION ...... 28

PART TWO. INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND DEVELOPMENT AT THE UNITED NATIONS

V. RESOLUTIONS OF THE UNITED NATIONS GENERAL ASSEMBLY AND THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL ...... 35 A. 61/208 International migration and development ...... 35 B. 61/515 Summary of the High-level Dialogue on International Migration and Development: Note by the President of the General Assembly ...... 37 C. 62/270 Global Forum on Migration and Development ...... 41 D. 63/225 International migration and development ...... 43 E. Resolution 2006/2 on International migration and development...... 46

PART THREE. INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION PROFILES

VI. DEFINITIONS AND SOURCES ...... 53 VII. PROFILES BY MAJOR AREA, REGION AND SPECIAL GROUP ...... 57 World ...... 58 More developed regions ...... 59 Less developed regions ...... 60 Least developed countries ...... 61 Less developed regions, excluding least developed countries ...... 62 Sub-Saharan Africa ...... 63 Africa ...... 64 Eastern Africa ...... 65 Middle Africa ...... 66 Northern Africa ...... 67 Southern Africa ...... 68 Western Africa ...... 69 Asia ...... 70 Central Asia ...... 71 Eastern Asia ...... 72

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South-Eastern Asia ...... 73 Southern Asia ...... 74 Western Asia ...... 75 Europe ...... 76 Eastern Europe ...... 77 Northern Europe ...... 78 Southern Europe ...... 79 Western Europe ...... 80 Latin America and the Caribbean ...... 81 Caribbean ...... 82 Central America ...... 83 South America ...... 84 Northern America ...... 85 Oceania ...... 86 Australia and New Zealand ...... 87 Melanesia ...... 88 Micronesia ...... 89 Polynesia ...... 90

VIII. PROFILES BY COUNTRY OR AREA ...... 91 Afghanistan ...... 92 Albania ...... 93 Algeria ...... 94 American Samoa ...... 95 Andorra ...... 96 Angola ...... 97 Anguilla ...... 98 Antigua and Barbuda ...... 99 Argentina ...... 100 Armenia ...... 101 Aruba ...... 102 Australia ...... 103 Austria ...... 104 Azerbaijan ...... 105 Bahamas ...... 106 Bahrain ...... 107 Bangladesh ...... 108 Barbados ...... 109 Belarus ...... 110 Belgium ...... 111 Belize ...... 112 Benin ...... 113 Bermuda ...... 114 Bhutan ...... 115 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) ...... 116 Bosnia and Herzegovina ...... 117 Botswana ...... 118

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Brazil ...... 119 British Virgin Islands ...... 120 Brunei Darussalam ...... 121 Bulgaria ...... 122 Burkina Faso ...... 123 Burundi ...... 124 Cambodia ...... 125 Cameroon ...... 126 Canada ...... 127 Cape Verde...... 128 Cayman Islands ...... 129 Central African Republic ...... 130 Chad ...... 131 Channel Islands ...... 132 Chile ...... 133 China ...... 134 China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region ...... 135 China, Macao Special Administrative Region ...... 136 Colombia ...... 137 Comoros ...... 138 Congo ...... 139 Cook Islands...... 140 Costa Rica ...... 141 Côte d’Ivoire ...... 142 Croatia ...... 143 Cuba ...... 144 Cyprus ...... 145 Czech Republic ...... 146 Democratic People’s Republic of Korea ...... 147 Democratic Republic of the Congo ...... 148 Denmark ...... 149 Djibouti ...... 150 Dominica ...... 151 Dominican Republic ...... 152 Ecuador ...... 153 Egypt ...... 154 El Salvador ...... 155 Equatorial Guinea ...... 156 Eritrea ...... 157 Estonia ...... 158 Ethiopia ...... 159 Faeroe Islands ...... 160 Falkland Islands (Malvinas) ...... 161 Fiji ...... 162 Finland ...... 163 France ...... 164 French Guiana ...... 165 French Polynesia ...... 166 Gabon ...... 167

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Gambia ...... 168 Georgia ...... 169 Germany ...... 170 Ghana ...... 171 Gibraltar ...... 172 Greece ...... 173 Greenland ...... 174 Grenada ...... 175 Guadeloupe ...... 176 Guam ...... 177 Guatemala ...... 178 Guinea ...... 179 Guinea-Bissau ...... 180 Guyana ...... 181 Haiti ...... 182 Holy See ...... 183 Honduras ...... 184 Hungary ...... 185 Iceland ...... 186 India ...... 187 Indonesia ...... 188 Iran (Islamic Republic of) ...... 189 Iraq ...... 190 Ireland ...... 191 Isle of Man ...... 192 Israel ...... 193 Italy ...... 194 Jamaica ...... 195 Japan ...... 196 Jordan ...... 197 Kazakhstan ...... 198 Kenya ...... 199 Kiribati ...... 200 Kuwait ...... 201 Kyrgyzstan ...... 202 Lao People’s Democratic Republic...... 203 Latvia ...... 204 Lebanon ...... 205 Lesotho ...... 206 Liberia ...... 207 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya ...... 208 Liechtenstein ...... 209 Lithuania ...... 210 Luxembourg ...... 211 Madagascar ...... 212 Malawi ...... 213 Malaysia ...... 214 Maldives ...... 215

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Mali ...... 216 Malta ...... 217 Marshall Islands ...... 218 Martinique ...... 219 Mauritania ...... 220 Mauritius ...... 221 Mayotte ...... 222 Mexico ...... 223 Micronesia (Federated States of) ...... 224 Monaco ...... 225 Mongolia ...... 226 Montenegro ...... 227 Montserrat ...... 228 Morocco ...... 229 Mozambique ...... 230 Myanmar ...... 231 Namibia ...... 232 Nauru ...... 233 Nepal ...... 234 Netherlands ...... 235 Netherlands Antilles ...... 236 New Caledonia ...... 237 New Zealand ...... 238 Nicaragua ...... 239 Niger ...... 240 Nigeria ...... 241 Niue ...... 242 Northern Mariana Islands ...... 243 Norway ...... 244 Occupied Palestinian Territory ...... 245 Oman ...... 246 Pakistan ...... 247 Palau ...... 248 Panama ...... 249 Papua New Guinea ...... 250 Paraguay ...... 251 Peru ...... 252 Philippines ...... 253 Pitcairn ...... 254 Poland ...... 255 Portugal ...... 256 Puerto Rico...... 257 Qatar ...... 258 Republic of Korea ...... 259 Republic of Moldova ...... 260 Réunion ...... 261 Romania ...... 262 Russian Federation ...... 263 Rwanda ...... 264

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Saint Helena ...... 265 Saint Kitts and Nevis ...... 266 Saint Lucia ...... 267 Saint Pierre et Miquelon ...... 268 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines ...... 269 Samoa ...... 270 San Marino ...... 271 Sao Tome and Principe ...... 272 Saudi Arabia...... 273 Senegal ...... 274 Serbia ...... 275 Seychelles ...... 276 Sierra Leone ...... 277 Singapore ...... 278 Slovakia ...... 279 Slovenia ...... 280 Solomon Islands ...... 281 Somalia ...... 282 South Africa ...... 283 Spain ...... 284 Sri Lanka ...... 285 Sudan ...... 286 Suriname ...... 287 Swaziland ...... 288 Sweden ...... 289 Switzerland ...... 290 Syrian Arab Republic ...... 291 Tajikistan ...... 292 Thailand ...... 293 The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia ...... 294 Timor-Leste...... 295 Togo ...... 296 Tokelau ...... 297 Tonga ...... 298 Trinidad and Tobago ...... 299 Tunisia ...... 300 Turkey ...... 301 Turkmenistan ...... 302 Turks and Caicos Islands ...... 303 Tuvalu ...... 304 Uganda ...... 305 Ukraine ...... 306 United Arab Emirates ...... 307 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland ...... 308 United Republic of Tanzania ...... 309 United States of America ...... 310 United States Virgin Islands ...... 311 Uruguay ...... 312 Uzbekistan...... 313

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Vanuatu ...... 314 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) ...... 315 Viet Nam ...... 316 Wallis and Futuna Islands ...... 317 Western Sahara ...... 318 Yemen ...... 319 Zambia ...... 320 Zimbabwe ...... 321

ANNEX

I. STATE PARTIES TO LEGAL INSTRUMENTS RELEVANT TO INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION ...... 325

EXPLANATORY NOTES

The following symbols are used in the tables shown in this report:

Two dots (..) indicate that data are not available or are not separately reported. Three dots (…) indicate that the treaty was not ratified. An em dash (—) indicates that the amount is nil or negligible. A hyphen (-) indicates that the item is not applicable. A minus sign (-) before a figure indicates a decrease. A full stop (.) is used to indicate decimals. Use of a hyphen (-) between years, for example, 1995-2000, signifies the full period involved, from 1 July of the first year to 1 July of the second year.

Due to rounding, the numbers and percentages displayed in tables may not add up to the corresponding totals.

The terms “more developed” and “less developed” regions are used for statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgment as to the developmental stage of a particular country or area. Where appropriate, the term “country” may refer to a territory or area.

More developed regions are comprised of all countries of Europe, Northern America, Australia/New Zealand and Japan. The term “developed countries” refers to countries in the more developed regions.

Less developed regions are comprised of all countries of Africa, Asia (excluding Japan) and Latin America and the Caribbean, as well as Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. The term “developing countries” is used to designate countries in the less developed regions.

The group of least developed countries, as defined by the Committee for Development Policy (CDP), a subsidiary body of the United Nations Economic and Social Council, currently comprises 48 countries: Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sudan, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Vanuatu, Yemen, Zambia.

The designation sub-Saharan Africa refers to countries in Africa except Algeria, Egypt, the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Morocco, Tunisia and Western Sahara.

Countries and areas are grouped geographically into six major areas: Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, Northern America and Oceania. These are further divided into 21geographical regions.

Country names and the composition of geographical areas follow those of “Standard country or area codes for statistical use” (ST/ESA/STAT/SER.M/49/Rev.3), available at: http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49.htm.

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The following abbreviations have been used:

DESA Department of Economic and Social Affairs EEA European Economic Area EU European Union GDP gross domestic product GFMD Global Forum on Migration and Development GMG Global Migration Group ILO International Labour Organization IMF International Monetary Fund IOM International Organization for Migration UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNRWA United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East USSR Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

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CLASSIFICATION OF COUNTRIES OR AREAS BY MAJOR AREA AND REGION OF THE WORLD

Africa

Eastern Africa Middle Africa Northern Africa Western Africa Burundi Angola Algeria Benin Comoros Cameroon Egypt Burkina Faso Djibouti Central African Republic Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Cape Verde Eritrea Chad Morocco Côte d'Ivoire Ethiopia Congo Sudan Gambia Kenya Democratic Republic of the Tunisia Ghana Madagascar Congo Western Sahara Guinea Malawi Equatorial Guinea Guinea-Bissau Mauritius1 Gabon Liberia Mayotte Sao Tome and Principe Mali Mozambique Southern Africa Mauritania Réunion Botswana Niger Rwanda Lesotho Nigeria Seychelles Namibia Saint Helena2 Somalia South Africa Senegal Uganda Swaziland Sierra Leone United Republic of Tanzania Togo Zambia Zimbabwe

Asia

Central Asia South-Eastern Asia Southern Asia Western Asia Kazakhstan Brunei Darussalam Afghanistan Armenia Kyrgyzstan Cambodia Bangladesh Azerbaijan Tajikistan Indonesia Bhutan Bahrain Turkmenistan Lao People's Democratic India Cyprus Uzbekistan Republic Iran (Islamic Republic of) Georgia Malaysia Maldives Iraq Myanmar Nepal Israel Philippines Pakistan Jordan Singapore Sri Lanka Kuwait Thailand Lebanon Timor-Leste Occupied Palestinian Viet Nam Territory Eastern Asia Oman China3 Qatar China, Hong Kong Special Saudi Arabia Administrative Region4 Syrian Arab Republic China, Macao Special Turkey Administrative Region5 United Arab Emirates Democratic People's Republic of Yemen Korea Japan Mongolia Republic of Korea

1 Including Agalega, Rodrigues and Saint Brandon. 2 Including Ascension and Tristan da Cunha. 3 For statistical purposes, the data for China do not include Hong Kong and Macao, Special Administrative Regions (SAR) of China. 4 As of 1 July 1997, Hong Kong became a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China. 5 As of 20 December 1999, Macao became a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China.

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CLASSIFICATION OF COUNTRIES (continued)

Europe

Eastern Europe Northern Europe Southern Europe Western Europe Belarus Channel Islands6 Albania Austria Bulgaria Denmark Andorra Belgium Czech Republic Estonia Bosnia and Herzegovina France Hungary Faeroe Islands Croatia Germany Poland Finland7 Gibraltar Liechtenstein Republic of Moldova Iceland Greece Luxembourg Romania Ireland Holy See8 Monaco Russian Federation Isle of Man Italy Netherlands Slovakia Latvia Malta Switzerland Ukraine Lithuania Montenegro Norway9 Portugal Sweden San Marino United Kingdom of Great Serbia Britain and Northern Slovenia Ireland10 Spain The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia11

Latin America and the Caribbean

Caribbean Central America South America Anguilla Belize Argentina Antigua and Barbuda Costa Rica Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Aruba El Salvador Brazil Bahamas Guatemala Chile Barbados Honduras Colombia British Virgin Islands Mexico Ecuador Cayman Islands Nicaragua Falkland Islands (Malvinas) Cuba Panama French Guiana Dominica Guyana Dominican Republic Paraguay Grenada Peru Guadeloupe Suriname Haiti Uruguay Jamaica Venezuela (Bolivarian Martinique Republic of) Montserrat Netherlands Antilles Puerto Rico Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Trinidad and Tobago Turks and Caicos Islands United States Virgin Islands

6 Refers to Guernsey and Jersey. 7 Including Åland Islands. 8 Refers to Vatican City State. 9 Including Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands. 10Also referred to as United Kingdom. 11Also referred to as TFYR Macedonia.

CLASSIFICATION OF COUNTRIES (continued)

Northern America Bermuda Canada Greenland Saint Pierre et Miquelon United States of America

Oceania

Australia/New Zealand Melanesia Micronesia Polynesia Australia12 Fiji Guam American Samoa New Zealand New Caledonia Kiribati Cook Islands Papua New Guinea Marshall Islands French Polynesia Solomon Islands Micronesia (Federated States of) Niue Vanuatu Nauru Pitcairn Northern Mariana Islands Samoa Palau Tokelau Tonga Tuvalu Wallis and Futuna Islands

12 Including Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands and Norfolk Islands.

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The International Migration Report 2009: A Global Assessment, prepared by the Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, is the third in a series which presents information on international migration levels and trends and the status of ratification of international legal instruments relevant to international migration as well as related indicators for major areas, regions and countries of the world.

International migration has moved to the forefront of the national and international agenda. The United Nations system is addressing the various dimensions of this topic. The United Nations Secretariat has focused on the collection, analysis and dissemination of information on the levels and trends of international migration. Other parts of the United Nations system have been concerned with issues such as migrant rights, human trafficking and the social and economic integration of migrants. In addition, specialized agencies have focused on topics related to their expertise and mandates, such as labour migration, refugee protection and remittance flows.

Since 2006, several initiatives have been launched at the global level to enhance the benefits and to address the challenges posed by international migration. In 2006, the General Assembly convened the High-level Dialogue on International Migration and Development, the first high-level event in the United Nations exclusively devoted to international migration. Participants recognized that international migration, development and human rights were intrinsically interconnected. They also affirmed that, provided that international migration was supported by appropriate policies, it could be a positive force for development in both countries of origin and destination. Following a proposal by the Secretary-General at that meeting, the Global Forum on Migration and Development (GFMD) was subsequently created. By 2010, Belgium, the Philippines, Greece and Mexico had hosted the Global Forum on Migration and Development. This informal, non-binding, voluntary and State-led process fosters practical cooperation between Governments in order to maximize the developmental benefits of international migration and to reduce its negative impacts. It does not produce normative decisions or negotiated outcomes. The Special Representative of the Secretary-General on International Migration and Development, appointed in early 2006, is the main link between the United Nations and the Global Forum process.

In response to the 2005 report of the Global Commission on International Migration (GCIM), the Secretary-General established the Global Migration Group (GMG) in early 2006. This inter-agency group brings together heads of agencies to promote the wider application of all relevant international and regional instruments and norms in relation to migration. The group promotes the adoption of more coherent, comprehensive and better coordinated approaches to international migration. As of 2011, the Group consisted of 16 members which has organized joint meetings, produced joint publications and provided support to the Global Forum.

Since 1994, international migration and development is addressed in the General Assembly’s Second Committee every two years. Human rights of migrants are a recurrent item on the agenda of the Assembly’s Third Committee. In its resolution 61/208 of 20 December 2006, reproduced in the back of this publication, the General Assembly took note of the summary of the High-level Dialogue on International Migration and Development by the President of the General Assembly, welcomed the heightened awareness achieved by the High-level Dialogue on the topic and decided to consider, at its sixty-third session, possible options for appropriate follow-up. It also took note with interest of the establishment of the Global Migration Group in 2006. Two years later, the General Assembly decided in its resolution 63/225 of 19 December 2008 to hold another High-level Dialogue during its sixty-eighth session in 2013 and decided that the focus and modalities of this High-level Dialogue would be decided during its sixty-seventh session.

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In 2006, during its thirty-ninth session, the Commission on Population and Development also addressed international migration and development. Among many other points raised, the Commission acknowledged the important contribution made by migrants and migration to development in countries of origin and destination. It also recognized the need for Member States to consider the multidimensional aspects of international migration and development in order to identify appropriate ways and means of maximizing the development benefits and minimizing the negative impacts. The Commission also requested the Secretary-General to continue his substantive work on international migration and development.

This report is a direct response to Member States’ request to provide information and analysis on international migration levels and trends for countries, regions and for the world as a whole. The many questions arising from growing concerns about international migration, however, have few clear answers largely because of the lack of accurate and up-to-date information on international migration. The Division is also working with its counter parts at the international level and countries to raise awareness in this regard and encourages the collection, tabulation and dissemination of international migration data that is accessible, comparable, timely and reliable.

The number of indicators in this report is larger in comparison with the previous issue (United Nations, ESA/P/WP.209), and includes data by sex when possible. For many countries, there is sufficient information to provide a reasonable basis for the estimation of migrants stocks. For some countries, however, information is limited or unavailable, and in such cases, imputations were made. Furthermore, data on citizenship, if available, are used for estimating the numbers of international migrants in the absence of data on place of birth.

In addition to estimates on the migrant stock, numbers of refugees and workers’ remittances, population data by sex, are listed. In the Annex, a separate table shows whether a country is party to international instruments such as the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol, both relating to the status of refugees, the Convention concerning Migration for Employment (Revised 1949) (No. 97), the Convention concerning Migrations in Abusive Conditions and the Promotion of Equality of Opportunity and Treatment of Migrant Workers (Supplementary Provisions) (No. 143) and the 1990 International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrants and Members of Their Families. The table also lists the ratification status of the 2000 Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children and the 200 Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air.

Key findings:

1. By 2010, the estimated number of international migrants was 214 million, an increase of 58 million since 1990. International migrants represented 3.1 per cent of the total world population in 2010 (table 1).

2. In 2010, more developed regions hosted 60 per cent of the total migrant stock. The growth in the international migrant stock in more developed regions has been slowing recently and the growth rate of the migrant stock for less developed regions surpassed the growth rate for more developed regions for the first time in 2005-2010.

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TABLE 1. ESTIMATED NUMBER OF INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS AND THEIR PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION BY DEVELOPMET GROUP AND MAJOR AREA, 1990-2010

International migrants as Number of international Percentage distribution of percentage of the migrants (millions) international migrants population Development group and major area 1990 2010 1990 2010 1990 2010 World ...... 155.5...... 213.9 100.0 100.0 2.9 3.1 More developed regions ...... 82.4 127.7 53.0 59.7 7.2 10.3 Less developed regions ...... 73.2 86.2 47.0 40.3 1.8 1.5 Least developed countries ...... 11.1 11.5 7.1 5.4 2.1 1.3 Africa ...... 16.0...... 19.3 10.3 9.0 2.5 1.9 Asia ...... 50.9...... 61.3 32.7 28.7 1.6 1.5 Europe ...... 49.4...... 69.8 31.8 32.6 6.9 9.5 Latin America and the Caribbean ...... 7.1 ...... 7.5 4.6 3.5 1.6 1.3 Northern America ...... 27.8 50.0. 17.9 23.4 9.8 14.2 Oceania...... 4.4 ...... 6.0 2.8 2.8 16.2 16.8

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2008 Revision (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2008).

3. In 2010, the largest number of international migrants lived in Europe (70 million), followed by Asia (61 million) and Northern America (50 million). There were 19 million international migrants living in Africa, seven in Latin America and the Caribbean and six in Oceania. Oceania had the highest percentage of international migrants relative to the total population (16.8 per cent), followed by Northern America (14.2 per cent) and Europe (9.5 per cent). In Africa, Asia and Latin America and the Caribbean, international migrants accounted for less than 2 per cent of the total population.

4. A relatively small number of countries hosted most of the world’s international migrants in 2010. Ten countries with the largest number of international migrants accounted for 52 per cent of the global migrant stock. Twenty per cent of all international migrants were residing in the United States alone (42.8 million) (table 2).

TABLE 2. TEN COUNTRIES WITH THE HIGHEST NUMBER OF INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS IN 2010

International migrants as

a percentage of Cumulative Migrant stock country’s a percentage of percentage Rank Country or area (thousands) population world’s migrants

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5. In 2010, the number of refugees was estimated at 16.3 million representing 8 per cent of the total migrant stock in the world. Eighty-six per cent of all refugees in the world, or 14 million, were residing in less developed regions. Asia hosted by far the largest number of refugees (10.9 million), followed by Africa (2.6 million), Europe (1.6 million), Northern America (0.7 million), Latin America and the Caribbean (0.5 million) and Oceania (0.1 million).

6. The increase in the global refugee population was concentrated in less developed regions between 2000 and 2010. Asia experienced a 23 per cent increase, whereas Europe’s refugee population declined by 36 per cent and Africa’s by 28 per cent. The large increase in refugees in Latin America and the Caribbean was due to the recent inclusion of persons in refugee-like situations in several countries in the regions, which the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) had previously not reported as refugees.

7. Female migrants represented almost half of the total international migrant stock in 2010. This situation has changed very little over the last 20 years. In developed countries, women and girls accounted for 51.5 per cent of all international migrants in 2010, as were 45.3 per cent in developing countries.

8. In 2010, female migrants outnumbered male migrants in Europe, followed by Oceania, Northern America and Latin America and the Caribbean. Men continued to outnumber women in Africa and Asia.

9. International migration flows to traditional countries of immigration, such as Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the United States, increased between 1980 and 2008.The United States admitted the largest number of immigrants in the world, with an average of about 1.1 million permanent residence permits issued per year between 2005 and 2008. This was followed by Canada with 250,000 foreigners and 145,000 foreigners and citizens admitted to Australia over the same period. For New Zealand, the annual inflow of foreigners stood at 60,000 between 2005 and 2008. Over the last 30 years, immigrants from less developed countries accounted for a growing share of immigrants to Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the United States.

10. Since the 1980, most countries in Europe have experienced increasing immigration. In addition to countries in Europe that have attracted immigrants for some time, such as France, Germany and the United Kingdom, former countries of emigration, such as Italy and Spain, have become preferred destinations for immigrants from other parts of Europe as well as from developing countries.

11. Inflows to Europe increased in the late 1980s and 1990s in part due to the fall of the Berlin wall and the collapse of communism in Eastern and Central Europe which resulted in travel restrictions being lifted for these countries. Germany was the country most affected by emigration from Eastern Europe with ethnic Germans moving to Germany in the early 1990s. By 2000, the inflow from that region had declined. The dissolution of the former USSR also led to significant movement of populations between successor states. The civil war in the former Yugoslavia generated large outflows of refugees and asylum seekers between 1990 and 1994.

12. Countries in Northern Europe that used to have low levels of immigration in the past experienced an increase since the mid-2000s, especially due to the arrival of asylum seekers and refugees.

13. Between 1980 and 2008, the majority of immigrants to Europe came from developed countries, especially other European countries. In absolute numbers, the inflow of immigrants from less developed countries was high in France, Germany and the United Kingdom. The numbers increased for France and the United Kingdom between 1990 and mid-2000, but not for Germany. The number of immigrants to Italy and Spain from less developed regions also increased. However, immigration from less developed regions began to stall or decline in mid-2000.

14. Between 1950 and 2010, the more developed regions have been gaining population due to positive net migration, whereas the less developed regions have been losing population due to negative net migration. Northern America (1.3 million annually for 2000-2010) and Europe (1.5 million annually) are the major areas currently gaining the most from net immigration, whereas Asia (1.3 million annually) and Latin America and the Caribbean (1.1 million annually) are losing the most (table 3).

TABLE 3. ANNUAL NET MIGRATION BY DEVELOPMENT GROUP AND MAJOR AREA, ESTIMATES AND MEDIUM VARIANT PROJECTION, 1950-2050

1950- 1960- 1970- 1980- 1990- 2000- 2010- Development group or major area 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2050 Annual net migration (thousands) More developed regions ...... 20 646 1 147 1 507 2 697 2 943 2 401 Less developed regions ...... - 20 - 646 - 1 147 - 1 507 - 2 697 - 2 943 - 2 401 Least developed countries ...... - 104 - 156 - 473 - 850 - 124 - 395 - 447 Africa ...... - 137 - 241 - 296 - 274 - 402 - 521 - 444 Asia ...... 146 23 - 361 - 473 - 1 502 - 1 286 - 1 247 Europe ...... - 447 27 355 448 952 1 505 964 Latin America and the Caribbean ...... - 67 - 316 - 426 - 784 - 725 - 1 099 - 647 Northern America ...... 418 398 675 984 1 591 1 286 1 273 Oceania ...... 85 109 53 99 86 115 100 Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. Extended Dataset: Disk 1. (United Nations publication, Sales No. 09.XII.6).

15. For 2000-2010, the United States followed by Spain and Italy were the top net immigration countries, whereas Mexico, China and Pakistan were the top net emigration countries. For the future, the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom are projected to be leading the group of net immigration countries and Mexico, China and India the group of net emigration countries.

16. During 2010-2050, the net number of international migrants to more developed regions is projected to be 96 million or an average of 2.4 million annually. For the developed world, such a level of net migration largely offsets the expected excess of deaths over births. Despite continued positive net migration, however, the surplus in deaths is projected to dominate population change starting by 2040-2050 leading to overall population decline. For developing countries, the 96 million net emigrants projected for 2010-2050, or 2.4 million annually, represent scarcely 4 per cent of the expected population growth. Thus, net migration will have little effect on overall population change in less developed countries.

17. Assuming no migration in the future, the population of developed countries is projected to be 10 per cent smaller in 2050 than for the medium variant projection which assumes that current (2000-2010) net migration levels remain constant. Given the little effect net migration has on

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developing countries, their population is projected to be only 2 per cent higher under a zero- migration scenario.

18. The dependency ratio, or the ratio of the young and old population to the working-age population, will increase under the zero migration-scenario for more developed regions. For every 10 working adults, there were 4.8 dependent persons in 2010 rising to 7.1 dependent persons in 2050 assuming that current migration trends will continue. Under the zero-migration scenario, the dependency ratio will increase to 7.6 dependent persons per 10 working adults. There will hardly be any change in dependency ratios for the less developed regions under the zero-migration scenario.

19. The status of ratification for international instruments related to international migration, such as those focusing on human rights and those addressing migrant worker rights, varies by Member States. Instruments designed to protect refugees and to prevent and prosecute migrant smuggling and human trafficking have been ratified by more than two-thirds of Member States by 2009, whereas instruments protecting the rights of migrant workers have been ratified by less than one- third of Member States, none of which are high-immigration countries.

20. By July 2009, 144 countries or 75 per cent of United Nations Member States had signed the 1951 Refugee Convention and the 1967 Refugee Protocol. The 2000 protocol relating to human trafficking and the 2000 protocol relating to migrant smuggling, although close to ten years old, had been ratified by 131 countries (68 per cent) and 119 countries (60 per cent) respectively. While the trend for the 2000 Human Trafficking Protocol continued to rise, the 2000 Migrant Smuggling Protocol was falling behind. Lastly, the 1990 Migration Workers Convention, close to 20 years old, had only been ratified by 41 countries or 22 per cent of United Nations Member States.

21. The countries having ratified the 1990 International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrants and Members of Their Families collectively hosted 15.3 million international migrants in 2010, about seven per cent of the global migrant population. None of the States Parties to the 1990 Convention were major migrant receiving countries, and only five of them hosted more than one million international migrants.

______

REFERENCE

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). International Migration Report 2006: A Global Assessment. (United Nations database, ESA/P/WP.209).

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PART ONE:

INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION LEVELS, TRENDS AND LEGAL INSTRUMENTS This page is intentionally left blank

I. INTERNATIONAL MIGRANT STOCK

A. DATA CONSIDERATIONS

The international migrant stock is a mid-year estimate of the number of people living in a country or area other than the one in which they were born. Most of the statistics used to estimate the international migrant stock were obtained from population censuses. Additionally, population registers and nationally representative surveys provided information on the number and composition of international migrants. The estimates have been published in Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2008 Revision (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2008).

B. GLOBAL TRENDS

In 2010, the number of international migrants in the world was estimated at 214 million, an increase of 35 million since 2000 and 58 million since 1990. International migrants represented 3.1 per cent of the total world population, 10.3 per cent of the population in the more developed regions and 1.5 per cent of the population in the less developed regions (table 4). The more developed regions experienced the largest increase in migrant stock between 1990 and 2010 (45 million or 55 per cent). In 2010, almost 60 per cent of all international migrants were living in the more developed regions compared to 53 per cent in 1990. In the less developed regions, the migrant stock increased by 13 million (18 per cent) from 1990 to 2010.

TABLE 4. ESTIMATED NUMBER OF INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS AND THEIR PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION AND SHARE IN THE TOTAL POPULATION, 1990-2010

Number of international Percentage distribution of International migrants as migrants (millions) international migrants percentage of the population Development group and major area 1990 2000 2010 1990 2000 2010 1990 2000 2010 World ...... 155.5 178.5 213.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 2.9 2.9 3.1 More developed regions ...... 82.4 104.4 127.7 53.0 58.5 59.7 7.2 8.7 10.3 Less developed regions ...... 73.2 74.1 86.2 47.0 41.5 40.3 1.8 1.5 1.5 Least developed countries ...... 11.1 10.9 11.5 7.1 6.1 5.4 2.1 1.6 1.3 Africa ...... 16.0 17.1 19.3 10.3 9.6 9.0 2.5 2.1 1.9 Asia ...... 50.9 51.9 61.3 32.7 29.1 28.7 1.6 1.4 1.5 Europe...... 49.4 57.6 69.8 31.8 32.3 32.6 6.9 7.9 9.5 Latin America and the Caribbean .... 7.1 6.5 7.5 4.6 3.6 3.5 1.6 1.2 1.3 Northern America ...... 27.8 40.4 50.0 17.9 22.6 23.4 9.8 12.7 14.2 Oceania ...... 4.4 5.0 6.0 2.8 2.8 2.8 16.2 16.1 16.8

Europe hosted the largest number of international migrants in the world (70 million) in 2010, representing one-third of the global total. The second largest number of international migrants were in Asia (61 million), followed by Northern America (50 million), Africa (19 million), Latin America and the Caribbean (7 million) and Oceania (6 million).

Oceania had the highest percentage of international migrants relative to the total population (16.8 per cent), followed by Northern America (14.2 per cent) and Europe (9.5 per cent). In Africa, Asia and

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 1 International Migration Report 2009

Latin America and the Caribbean international migrants accounted for less than 2 per cent of the total population.

A relatively small number of countries hosted most of the world’s international migrants (table 5). In 2010, the ten countries with the largest number of international migrants accounted for 52 per cent of the total international migrant stock; 20 countries hosted two-thirds of all international migrants. In 2010, 20 per cent of all international migrants were residing in the United States of America alone (42.8 million), followed by the Russian Federation (12.3 million) and Germany (10.8 million). Overall, 64 countries hosted more than half a million international migrants in 2010, compared to 57 in 1990.

TABLE 5. TWENTY COUNTRIES OR AREAS WITH THE HIGHEST NUMBERS OF INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS IN 2010

International migrants as

a percentage of Migrant stock country’s a percentage of Cumulative Rank Country or area (thousands) population world’s migrants percentage

1. United States of America ...... 42 813 13.5 20.0 20.0 2. Russian Federation ...... 12 270 8.7 5.7 25.7 3. Germany ...... 10 758 13.1 5.0 30.8 4. Saudi Arabia ...... 7 289 27.8 3.4 34.2 5. Canada ...... 7 202 21.3 3.4 37.5 6. France ...... 6 685 10.7 3.1 40.7 7. United Kingdom ...... 6 452 10.4 3.0 43.7 8. Spain ...... 6 378 14.1 3.0 46.7 9. India ...... 5 436 0.4 2.5 49.2 10. Ukraine ...... 5 258 11.6 2.5 51.7 11. Australia ...... 4 711 21.9 2.2 53.9 12. Italy ...... 4 463 7.4 2.1 56.0 13. Pakistan ...... 4 234 2.3 2.0 57.9 14. United Arab Emirates ...... 3 293 70.0 1.5 59.5 15. Kazakhstan ...... 3 079 19.5 1.4 60.9 16. Jordan ...... 2 973 45.9 1.4 62.3 17. Israel ...... 2 940 40.4 1.4 63.7 18. China, Hong Kong SAR ...... 2 742 38.8 1.3 65.0 19. Côte d'Ivoire ...... 2 407 11.2 1.1 66.1 20. Malaysia ...... 2 358 8.4 1.1 67.2

Between 2000 and 2010, nine countries gained over one million international migrants, accounting for 67 per cent of the overall increase in the migrant stock over the last 10 years: United States (8.0 million), Spain (4.6 million), Italy (2.3 million), Saudi Arabia (2.2 million), the United Kingdom (1.7 million), Canada (1.6 million), the Syrian Arab Republic (1.3 million) and Jordan and the United Arab Emirates with one million each (table 6).

2 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 TABLE 6. COUNTRIES ACCOUNTING FOR 75 PER CENT OF THE GROWTH IN INTERNATIONAL MIGRANT STOCK IN THE WORLD, 2000-2010

Increase in migrant stock (2000-2010)

As percentage of the increase in Cumulative Rank Country of area Absolute (thousands) total migrant stock percentage

1. United States of America ...... 7 999 23 23 2. Spain ...... 4 625 13 36 3. Italy ...... 2 342 7 42 4. Saudi Arabia ...... 2 152 6 48 5. United Kingdom ...... 1 662 5 53 6. Canada ...... 1 647 5 58 7. Syrian Arab Republic ...... 1 282 4 61 8. Jordan ...... 1 045 3 64 9. United Arab Emirates ...... 1 007 3 67 10. South Africa ...... 841 2 69 11. Qatar ...... 835 2 72 12. Malaysia ...... 804 2 74 13. Germany ...... 777 2 76

The number of countries with more than one million inhabitants where international migrants constituted more than 10 per cent of the population rose from 29 in 1990 to 38 in 2010. Countries with the highest proportion of international migrants in 2010 were mostly located in Western Asia with Qatar (87 per cent), the United Arab Emirates (70 per cent) and Kuwait (69 per cent) leading this group of countries due to the high level of international labour migration relative to total population (figure 1).

Figure 1. Countries or areas with the highest proportion of international migrants in 2010 among those with at least one million inhabitants

Qatar 87 United Arab Emirates 70 Kuwait 69 Jordan 46 Occupied Palestinian Territory 44 Singapore 41 Israel 40 China, Hong Kong SAR 39 Oman 28 Saudi Arabia 28

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Percentage Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2008 Revision (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2008).

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 3 International Migration Report 2009 In 2010, the number of refugees was estimated at 16.3 million, up from 15.6 million in 2000 but down from 18.5 million in 1990 (table 7). The proportion of refugees among all international migrants had declined from 12 per cent in 1990 to 9 per cent in 2000 and 8 per cent in 2010. Asia hosted the largest number of refugees— 10.9 million or 66 per cent of all refugees in the world in 2010. This was followed by Africa with 2.6 million refugees or 16 per cent, Europe with 1.6 million or 10 per cent, Northern America with 730,000 refugees, Latin America and the Caribbean with 530,000 refugees and Oceania with 59,000 refugees.

TABLE 7. ESTIMATED REFUGEE STOCK AT MID-YEAR AND THEIR SHARE IN THE INTERNATIONAL MIGRANT STOCK, 1990, 2000 AND 2010

Estimated number of Refugees as a percentage Percentage distribution refugees of the international of refugees (millions) migrant stock Development group and major area

1990 2000 2010 1990 2000 2010 1990 2000 2010 World ...... 18.5 15.6 16.3 11.9 8.8 7.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 More developed regions ...... 2.0 3.2 2.4 2.4 3.1 1.9 10.9 20.4 14.5 Less developed regions ...... 16.5 12.4 14.0 22.5 16.8 16.2 89.1 79.6 85.5 Least developed countries ...... 4.8 3.1 2.1 43.2 28.0 18.6 26.0 19.5 13.1 Africa ...... 5.4 3.6 2.6 33.5 21.0 13.3 63.1 60.1 72.4 Asia ...... 9.9 8.8 10.9 19.5 17.0 17.7 28.0 21.7 14.5 Europe ...... 1.3 2.5 1.6 2.7 4.3 2.3 29.0 22.9 15.7 Latin America and the Caribbean ...... 1.2 0.0 0.5 16.8 0.8 7.1 17.9 10.5 7.8 Northern America ...... 0.6 0.6 0.7 2.1 1.6 1.5 3.2 4.1 4.4 Oceania ...... 0.1 0.1 0.1 2.5 1.5 1.0 0.6 0.5 0.4

Eighty-five per cent of all refugees were living in less developed regions in 2010 (table 7). Growth in the global refugee population between 2000 and 2010 was also concentrated in the less developed regions. Asia experienced a 23 per cent increase, whereas Europe’s refugee population declined by 36 per cent and Africa’s by 28 per cent. The large increase in refugees in Latin America and the Caribbean, from 50,000 in 2005 to over half a million in 2010, was due to the recent inclusion of persons in refugee-like situations in several countries in the region, which were previously not reported as refugees by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR).

Although over the last 20 years the more developed regions gained the most international migrants, the annual growth rate of the international migrant stock in more developed regions had been declining, whereas the growth rate of the less developed regions had been steadily increasing (figure 2). In 2010, the growth rate for the less developed regions surpassed the rate for the more developed regions for the first time.

4 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Figure 2: International migrant stock - average annual rate of change by development group, 1990-1995 to 2005-2010

3.0

2.0

1.0

0.0

-1.0

Average annual rate of change (percentage) change of rate annual Average 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

More developed regions Less developed regions

Globally, female migrants constituted almost half of the total international migrant stock in 2010 (table 8). This situation has changed little over the last 20 years. About 51.5 per cent of all international migrants in the more developed regions were women in 2010, as were 45.3 per cent in less developed regions. Since 2000, both the more and less developed regions showed a declining trend in the proportion of women.

TABLE 8. FEMALE MIGRANTS AS A PERCENTAGE OF THE INTERNATIONAL MIGRANT STOCK BY DEVELOPMENT GROUP, 1990-2010

Percentage female

Development group 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

World ...... 49.1 49.3 49.4 49.2 49.0 More developed regions ...... 52.0 51.7 51.8 51.6 51.5 Less developed regions ...... 45.9 46.1 46.1 45.6 45.3 Least developed countries ...... 46.7 47.6 47.4 47.4 47.4

There is more variation in the sex distribution of the migrant stock at the level of major areas. For some time, most migrants in Europe have been female, whereas male migrants have outnumbered female migrants in Asia and Africa (figure 3). In Latin America and the Caribbean and Oceania, women have accounted for a growing share of the migrant stock recently, and have represented 50 per cent or more of the total migrant stock since 2000. In Northern America, the proportion of female migrants declined from 51.2 per cent in 1990 to 50.1 per cent in 2010.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 5 International Migration Report 2009 Figure 3: Female migrants as percentage of the international migrant stock by major area, 1990-2010

53 52 51 50 49 48

47 Percentage 46 45 44 43 Africa Asia Europe Latin America Northern Oceania and the America Caribbean 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

Between 2005 and 2010, the global migrant stock grew from 195 million to 214 million, an increase of 19 million international migrants. About 47 per cent of the 19 million were female. Thus, the migrant stock grew primarily due to male rather than female migrants. Male migrants particularly outnumbered female migrants in Asia, Africa and Northern America. In Oceania, followed at some distance by Europe and Latin America and the Caribbean, the net change in the migrant stock was due to female migrants. Assuming that current migration trends continue, the proportion of women in the international migrant stock at the global level is expected to continue to decrease, albeit slowly, for the foreseeable future.

______REFERENCE

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2008 Revision (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2008).

6 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009

II. INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION FLOWS – SELECTED COUNTRIES

A. DATA CONSIDERATIONS

International migration flow data are essential to the analysis of international migration levels and trends because they document movements shortly after they have occurred whereas stock data document the cumulative effects of movements. While more recent, and thus more relevant for policy purposes, flow data are affected by limitations imposed by data availability, quality and comparability. Most data on international migration flows are available for relatively few developed countries beginning in the 1980s; few countries have complete data sets, and the data collected often suffer from definitional inconsistencies between countries as they are derived from administrative, not statistical, sources. The following section discusses international migration flows to and from developed countries.1 The data have been published in International Migration Flows To and From Selected Countries: The 2008 Revision (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Flow/ Rev.2008).

B. TRENDS IN INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION FLOWS

The scale and nature of international migration flows in developed countries, especially in Europe, has changed significantly since the 1970s. Between 1945 and 1973, all highly industrialized countries in Western Europe engaged in temporary labour recruitment which ended with the oil crisis of 1973-1974. This period was followed by new complex migration patterns accompanied by a rise in numbers of people migrating. International migration became increasingly global in nature, with more countries becoming countries of origin, destination or transit. Former emigration countries changed to countries of immigration while family reunion and refugee and asylum-seeker movements added another dimension to the flows. By 2000, most developed countries had become countries of immigration. The following sections discuss migration levels and trends in traditional countries of immigration and in countries of Europe.

1. Traditional countries of immigration

Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the United States are among the few countries in the world with immigration programmes intended to attract permanent settlement. Although the number of international migrants in these countries grew between 1980 and 2008, the increase was not continuous. Changes in admission policies affected overall levels (figure 4a and 4b). In general, immigrants from less developed countries accounted for a growing share of immigrants to these traditional countries of immigration. In the United States, they consistently accounted for more than 80 per cent of all immigrants, and in Canada their share increased from 60 per cent in 1980-1984 to 80 per cent in 2005- 2008. Although immigrants from less developed countries were numerically less important in Australia and New Zealand, their share rose from 38 per cent in 1980-1984 to 54 per cent in 2000-2004 in Australia, and increased from 20 per cent to 38 per cent in New Zealand in 2005-2008.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 7 International Migration Report 2009 Figure 4a. Average annual immigration to traditional settlement countries, 1980-1984 to 2005-2008

1 200

1 000

800

600 Thousands 400

200

0 1980- 1985- 1990- 1995- 2000- 2005- 1984 1989 1994 1999 2004 2008

Australia Canada New Zealand United States

Figure 4b. Immigration from less developed regions to traditional settlement countries, 1980-1984 to 2005-2008

40 Percentage 30

10 Australia Canada New United Zealand States 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 2005-2008

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2010). International Migration Flows to and from Selected Countries: The 2008 Revision (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Flow/Rev.2008).

NOTE: Data for Canada, New Zealand and United States refer to foreign citizens. For Australia, the data include both, Australian and foreign citizens. For Australia, the data by origin from less developed regions refer to 1980-2005. The data for the United States between 1989 and 1994 include regularization under the Immigration Reform and Control Act. Data for New Zealand and the United States refer to fiscal years.

8 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 The United States continues to admit the largest number of immigrants in the world, with an average of about 1.1 million permanent residence permits issued per year between 2005 and 2008. This was significantly higher than the annual number of 630,000 reported in the 1980s, and the 980,000 reported in the 1990s. Between 1989 and1994, 2.7 million immigrants were regularized under the 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) (United Nations, 2004). Latin America and the Caribbean accounted for 42 per cent of the inflow to the United States in the 2000s, followed closely by Asia with 35 per cent. By country, Mexicans accounted for 17 per cent of the intake in 2008 alone, followed by China with 7 per cent. The inflow from Europe constituted on average 13 per cent in the 2000s. Immigration from Central and Eastern Europe to the United States contributed to the recent increase in the share of Europeans among all international migrants.

In Canada, immigration levels doubled from 126,000 foreign citizens annually in the 1980s to 220,000 foreign citizens in the 1990s and peaked at 240,000 between 2000 and 2008. Immigrants from Asia have generally constituted very high proportions of Canada’s immigrant admissions, accounting for about 60 per cent in the 2000s, followed by Europe with 16 per cent. While the number of permits granted to persons originating from Europe and Northern America has been more or less stable since the 1990s, the annual admission of Asian immigrants increased significantly. For 2000-2008, the average annual inflow from Asia (146,000) was more than three times higher than for 1980-1984 (49,000). Persons from China obtained the largest number of residence permits (30,000 in 2008), accounting for 12 per cent of all permits, followed by India and the Philippines.

Immigration of both Australian and foreign citizens to Australia stood at about 94,000 persons annually in 1980-1984. Over the next five years this increased to 120,000 persons before falling back to levels below one-hundred thousands through the 1990s. For the period 2000-2008, immigration to Australia again reached 120,000 persons annually and stood at 160,000 immigrants by 2008. In the past, mostly British immigrants had dominated, and in later years this gave way to a more ethnically diverse mix of immigrants. For the period 2000-2004, the majority of permanent arrivals to Australia came from Asia, accounting for 40 per cent of the total arrivals. Annual immigration levels from Europe had declined since the 1980s, when they stood at 39,000, to 19,000 in the period 2000-2004. In recent years, the largest number of arrivals to Australia was reported for persons from New Zealand, followed by the United Kingdom, Singapore and China. Taken together, these countries accounted for half of all annual permanent arrivals. The top five destination countries of outflows from Australia in recent years were New Zealand, the United Kingdom, United States, China, Hong Kong SAR and Singapore, in order of importance. Australia’s net migration was positive during the period 1980-2005, but due to increasing emigration, the gains in the 2000s were not as high as in the late 1980s and early 1990s.

For New Zealand, the number of long-term and permanent immigrants increased steadily from 21,000 foreigners annually in the 1980s to 39,000 in the 1990s. By 2000-2008, the annual intake of foreigners in New Zealand stood at 60,000. In the 1980s, New Zealand was losing population because the emigration of citizens was higher than the immigration of foreigners. By the 1990s, New Zealand was still losing citizens, but this was offset by the increasing number of foreign immigrants. Thus, on a net basis, net migration became positive. The average annual net gain in foreigners and citizens therefore stood at 12,000 annually for 1990-2008. Since the late 1980s the majority of foreign immigrants to New Zealand came from Asia, followed by Europe and Oceania. By country, the largest group of foreigners originated in the United Kingdom, then Australia, China and India.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 9 International Migration Report 2009 2. International migration in Europe

During the 1950s and 1960s, countries in Western Europe, such as France, Germany or the United Kingdom, recruited migrants from Greece, Italy, Portugal, Spain and Turkey through guestworker programmes to meet the labour demand created by post-war reconstruction. Following the increase in oil prices in the 1970s and subsequent worldwide economic recession, the labour-recruiting countries ended their guestworker programmes, but labour migrants were generally permitted to stay and reunite with families in the countries of destination. By the late 1970s and early 1980s immigration levels had fallen, and net migration in some of these countries had become negligible or negative (e.g. Germany or the United Kingdom) (figures 5 and 6). Subsequently, immigration rose again, and levels were particularly high during the 1990s. In Germany, for example, the average annual intake in foreigners stood at 946,000 million in 1990-1994 compared to 554,000 immigrating foreigners five years earlier. In Belgium, the annual intake of foreigners increased from 40,000 in 1985-1989 to 54,000 by 1990-1994 and in the Netherlands from 57,000 to 81,000 over the same period.

Figure 5. Average annual immigration, 1980-1984 to 2005-2008

1 000

800

600

400 Thousands

200

0 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 2005-2008 Belgium France Germany Italy Netherlands Spain United Kingdom

NOTE: Data for Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands and Spain refer to foreign citizens. For the United Kingdom, the data include both, British and foreign citizens. For Belgium, Germany, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, data refer to 1980-2007, for France to 1994- 2007, for Italy to 1995-2006 and for Spain to 1983-2008.

Economic prosperity combined with declining fertility in former labour-sending countries such as Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain caused labour shortages, transforming them into countries of destination for immigrants from other parts of Europe as well developing countries (Castles and Miller, 2009). These changes in flows directed toward Southern Europe began in the 1990s and intensified in the 2000s. In Italy, for example, the number of foreign immigrants admitted annually doubled from 125,000 in 1995- 1999 to 260,000 in 2000-2004. Spain experienced a more significant annual increase, from 8,000 foreign immigrants in 1985-1989 to 449,000 immigrants in 2000-2004 which increased further to 775,000 by 2005-2008. However, immigration declined in Italy since 2005 and in Spain since 2008.

10 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Figure 6. Average annual net migration, 1980-1984 to 2005-2008

700

500

300 Thousands 100

-100 1980- 1985- 1990- 1995- 2000- 2005- 1984 1989 1994 1999 2004 2008 Belgium Germany Italy Netherlands Spain United Kingdom

NOTE: Data for Belgium, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands and Spain refer to foreign citizens. For the United Kingdom the data include both, British and foreign citizens. For Belgium, Germany, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, data refer to 1980-2007, for Italy to 1995-2006 and for Spain to 2002-2008.

Countries in Northern Europe with low levels of immigration in the past have experienced an increase since mid-2000 due to the arrival of asylum seekers and refugees (figure 7). In Norway, for example, the number of foreign immigrants almost doubled from 31,000 in 2005 to 59,000 in 2008. In Sweden, where levels had been higher than in Norway, the number of immigrants, including foreigners and citizens, increased from 65,000 in 2005 to 101,000 in 2008.

Figure 7: Immigration to countries in Northern Europe, 2000-2008

110

Thousands 30

-10 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Denmark Finland Iceland Norway Sweden

NOTE: Data for Finland and Sweden refer to citizens and foreigners combined. Data for Denmark, Iceland and Norway refer to foreign citizens.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 11 International Migration Report 2009 Belgium, Denmark, Iceland, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Switzerland and more recently Germany reported an increased outflow (figure 8). The highest numbers were reported for Germany, with 154,000 citizens emigrating annually between 2005 and 2007. In the Netherlands, emigration of citizens stood at 76,000 over the same period. The data reported for these countries indicate that citizens often emigrated to neighbouring countries and to Northern America.

Figure 8. Average annual emigration of citizens, 1980-1984 to 2005-2008

160 140 120 100 80

60 Thousands 40 20 0 1980- 1985- 1990- 1995- 2000- 2005- 1984 1989 1994 1999 2004 2008 Belgium Denmark Germany Iceland Netherlands Norway Spain Switzerland

NOTE: For Belgium, Germany, the Netherlands and Switzerland, the data for the last period refer to 2005-2007, for Denmark to 1980-2008, for Iceland and Norway to 1986-2008, for Spain to 2002-2008 and Switzerland to 1991-2007.

European migration patterns were also affected by an inflow of immigrants from Central and Eastern Europe in the late 1980s and 1990s, as former Communist regimes disintegrated and lifted restrictions on travel abroad. Germany was the country most affected by emigration from the Eastern. Between 1985 and 1989, Germany recorded an annual inflow of 264,000 citizens, increasing to 386,000 during 1990-1994. Sixty-three per cent, or 167,000 originated from Eastern Europe in 1985-1989, falling to 54 per cent, or 210,000, by 1990-1994. German citizens from Central and Eastern Europe were mostly ethnic Germans (Aussiedler) who had the right to German citizenship upon entering the country. By 2000, the inflow from that region had declined.

Easing of emigration restrictions from the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) also led to significant movement of populations between successor states; the Russian Federation became an important country of immigration, with ethnic Russians leaving or being expelled from former parts of the Soviet Union. There was also an increase in emigration of Jews from the successor states to Israel and the United States. In addition, the dissolution of the former Yugoslavia triggered flows of refugees and asylum seekers, and between 1990 and 2000, countries in Western Europe received more than two million asylum applications from citizens of Central and Eastern European countries (United Nations, 2004). Data for Croatia show that following the war, the number of emigrants declined sharply in 2000. By the mid- to late-1990s, the Baltic States and Poland had become net emigration countries, whereas Croatia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia and Slovenia experienced positive net migration.

12 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Over the period 1980-2008, the majority of immigrants to Europe came from developed countries, especially other European countries (figure 9). This is true of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Iceland, Luxembourg, Norway, Sweden and Switzerland, where the share of immigrants from more developed regions was continuously over 50 per cent. As compared with 2000- 2004, the share of immigrants from more developed regions increased in 2005-2008 in Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Iceland, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. The opposite was true in Finland, France, Luxembourg and Sweden.

Figure 9. Immigrants originating in more developed regions, 1980-1984 to 2005-2008

100

40 Percentage

Italy Spain Austria Finland France Iceland Norway Sweden Belgium Denmark Germany LuxembourgNetherlands Switzerland United Kingdom

1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 2005-2008

NOTE: For Belgium, Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, the data refer to 1980-2007. For Austria, the data refer to 1996-2007, for Denmark, Finland and Sweden to 1980-2008, for France to 1994-2007, for Iceland and Norway to 1986- 2008, for Italy to 1995-2006, for Spain to 1983-2008 and for Switzerland to 1991-2007. For Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Spain and Switzerland, the data refer to foreigners. For Finland, Sweden and the United Kingdom, the data refer to both, foreigners and citizens of the respective countries.

Focusing on the countries where the inflow of immigrants from less developed regions was high in recent years, one can see that the numbers increased for France and the United Kingdom over time, but not for Germany (figure 10). The number of immigrants to Italy (since 1996) and Spain (since 2000) from less developed regions also increased, reaching levels similar to those observed in France or the United Kingdom. However, for all of these countries, immigration from less developed regions began to stall or decline in mid-2000. With regard to the major areas of origin of immigrants from less developed regions, Latin America and the Caribbean was the main source for Spain. In 2008, 213,000 immigrants from that major area arrived in Spain, comprising 30 per cent of all immigrants and surpassing the number from Europe (180,000). Inflows from Africa were highest in France with 836,000 in 2007. In Italy and Spain, between 15 and 20 per cent of immigrants originated in Africa in 2000. Since 1990, inflows from Africa increased significantly in France, Italy and Spain. Since 2000, immigration from less developed regions

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 13 International Migration Report 2009 more than doubled in Finland, Luxemburg and Sweden. In Sweden, the increase was primarily due to the inflow of immigrants from Iraq. Since 1990, Germany and the Netherlands saw the greatest decrease in immigrants from less developed regions. In 2007, the number of Turkish immigrants to Germany reached its lowest level since 1983. Similarly, France and the Netherlands saw a drop in immigration of Moroccans, traditionally a numerically important immigrant group.

Figure 10: Countries in Europe with high levels of immigration from less developed regions, 1990-2008

450

400

350

300

250

200 Thousands

150

100

0 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008

France Germany Italy Spain United Kingdom

NOTE: For France, Germany, Italy and Spain, the data refer to foreigners. For the United Kingdom the data include both, British and foreign citizens For Germany and the United Kingdom, the data refer to 1990-2007. For France, the data refer to 1994- 2007, for Italy to 1995-2006, for Spain to 1990-2008.

14 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 With the enlargement of the European Union (EU) in 2004 it was expected that migration from the new member states2 to other EU member states and the European Economic Area (EEA) would increase. Except for Ireland, Sweden and the United Kingdom, all other member states temporarily restricted the free movement of people originating in new member states. Over time, the data confirm increased inflows from the new member states to older member states, namely Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden and Spain. Compared to 2003, annual inflows of immigrants grew by more than 30 per cent in Austria, Belgium, Denmark and Sweden. While most of these countries saw the largest increase in immigrants from Poland, the largest increase in flows to Finland came from Estonia. In Norway, immigration from Poland rose during 2004-2008 to comprise one-fifth of all immigrants. Immigration flow data by country of origin for the United Kingdom were not available, but Poland reported high levels of emigration to the United Kingdom in 2006. In Germany, an important destination for Polish emigrants since the mid-1980s, inflows from Poland grew again from 2004 onwards, with an annual average number of immigrations of 146,000 arrivals and annual net gains of 43,000 during the period 2005-2007.

Following the 2007 enlargement of the EU3, the number of immigrants from Bulgaria and Romania to other EU Member increased, especially to Austria, Belgium, Germany, the Netherlands, Slovakia and Sweden. In 2007, Germany recorded a significant increase in the net gain of immigrants from these two countries. Large inflows from Romania were also reported by Italy and Spain, from Bulgaria only by Spain. Generally, following the enlargement of the EU, new Member States at first experienced high levels of emigration to other EU Member States, but these levels later declined.

______

NOTES

1 The 29 countries included in the analysis are: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Israel, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom and the United States of America. For some countries, data are only available for some years within the 1980-2008 period. 2 On 1 May 2004, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia became members of the European Union. 3 On 1 January 2007, Bulgaria and Romania became members of the European Union.

______

REFERENCES

Castles, Stephen and Mark J. Miller (2009). The age of migration. International population movements in the modern world. 4th Edition. New York, London: The Guilford Press.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (2004). World Economic and Social Survey 2004: International Migration. Sales No. E.04.II.C.3.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). International Migration Flows to and from Selected Countries: The 2008 Revision (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Flow/Rev.2008).

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 15 International Migration Report 2009

III. NET INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION

A. DATA CONSIDERATIONS

Net international migration for a given country refers to the difference between the number of immigrants and the number of emigrants. If more people immigrate to a country than emigrate from it, the country gains population from positive net migration. When more people emigrate than immigrate, the country loses population through negative net migration.

This chapter focuses on net international migration for all countries in the world for the period 1950-2050. The data come from the 2008 Revision of the World Population Prospects (United Nations publication, Sales No. 09.XII.6). In this publication, net migration is often derived as a residual when estimating and projecting population, not accounted for by natural change (births minus deaths) between two successive enumerations of the population. Estimates refer to the period 1950-2010 and projections to the period 2010-2050. Given the volatility of international migration flows, it is impossible to accurately project future migration levels and trends and their impact on population change and population structures. However, population projections including different migration scenarios can help assess the likely impact international migration might have on future populations. For the medium projection variant, it is therefore assumed for the future that recent trends will continue for countries currently (2000-2010) experiencing stable trends in international migration flows. Governments’ views on international migration as well as estimates of undocumented and irregular migration flows affecting a country are also taken into account. For countries affected by refugee flows, it is assumed that refugees generally return to their country of origin within the next one or two projection periods. If a country experiences international migration and refugee movements, both are considered simultaneously in order to capture the overall effect on net migration levels and trends in the future. This chapter is based on an analysis of 196 countries with an estimated population of 100,000 inhabitants or more in 2009.

Analyzing net migration alone masks the simultaneous flows of immigration and emigration. Countries with net immigration or net emigration will be characterized as overall receiving or sending countries even though they might also have lost or gained population due to migration in the opposite direction during the time under consideration. Thus countries experiencing net emigration may also experience high immigration while countries experiencing net immigration might be affected by significant emigration. At the global level, population grows or declines due to natural change and international migration is necessarily zero. Whenever the world’s constituent countries are divided into groups of mutually exclusive units—such as more developed regions and less developed regions—net migration flows to one group cancel out net migration flows from the other.

B. GLOBAL TRENDS

For the period 1950-2010, the more developed regions gained population due to positive net migration, whereas less developed regions lost population due to negative net migration (figure 11). Net migration numbers increased steadily in the more developed regions, reaching an all-time high of 2.9 million annually between 2000 and 2010. The average net migration in the more developed regions projected for the next 40 years is about 2.4 million persons annually.

16 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Figure 11. Annual net international migration flows by development group, estimates and medium variant projection, 1950-1960 to 2040-2050

4 000

3 000

2 000

1 000 More developed regions 0 Less developed regions - 1 000

- 2 000

- 3 000 Annual net migration (thousands) migration net Annual

- 4 000 1950-1960 1960-1970 1970-1980 1980-1990 1990-2000 2000-2010

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. Extended Dataset: Disk 1. (United Nations publication, Sales No. 09.XII.6).

Northern America and Europe were the major areas currently gaining the most from net immigration, whereas Asia and Latin America and the Caribbean were losing the most (table 10). From 1950 to 2010, Northern America and Oceania were the only areas that consistently added population due to international migration, whereas Africa and Latin America and the Caribbean consistently lost population due to the same cause. Europe’s negative net migration balance of the 1950s turned positive since the 1960s. Asia, on the other hand, experienced positive net migration in the 1950s and 1960s but then lost population due to net emigration starting in the 1970s. As explained earlier, for the future it is assumed that refugees will return to their countries of origin within one or two projection periods and recent migration levels and trends will be held constant through the projection period.

TABLE 10. ANNUAL NET MIGRATION PER DECADE, BY DEVELOPMENT GROUP AND MAJOR AREA, ESTIMATES AND MEDIUM VARIANT PROJECTION, 1950-2050

1950- 1960- 1970- 1980- 1990- 2000- 2010- 2020- 2030- 2040- 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

Development group and major area Annual net migration (thousands)

More developed regions ...... 20 646 1 147 1 507 2 697 2 943 2 491 2 362 2 374 2 378 Less developed regions ...... -20 -646 -1 147 -1 507 -2 697 -2 943 -2 491 -2 362 -2 374 -2 378 Least developed countries ...... -104 -156 -473 -850 -124 -395 -324 -489 -488 -489 Africa ...... -137 -241 -296 -274 -402 -521 -431 -451 -446 -447 Asia ...... 146 23 -361 -473 -1 502 -1 286 -1 247 -1 229 -1 254 -1 256 Europe ...... -447 27 355 448 952 1 505 1 046 930 937 944 Latin America and the Caribbean -67 -316 -426 -784 -725 -1 099 -746 -619 -611 -613 Northern America ...... 418 398 675 984 1 591 1 286 1 280 1 268 1 273 1 270 Oceania ...... 85 109 53 99 86 115 98 101 101 101

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 17 International Migration Report 2009 Focusing on the number of countries per major area with positive or negative net migration confirms that Northern America and Europe were the two areas in which the majority of countries experienced positive net migration, at least since 1950 for the United States and since 1970 for Europe (figure 12). In Latin America and the Caribbean, the majority of countries experienced negative net migration over the last 60 years, followed by Africa and Asia. In Asia, however, 54 per cent (1950-1960) and 52 per cent (1960-1970) of all countries had positive net migration, which then turned negative from the 1970s to the 1990s. By 2000-2010, half of all countries in Asia were net immigration countries. Except for 2000-2010, the majority of countries in Oceania were net emigration countries.

Figure 12. Countries per major area with positive net migration, 1950-1960 to 2000-2010

100 90 80 70 60 50 40

Percentage 30 20 10 0 Africa Asia Europe Latin America Northern Oceania and the America Caribbean

1950-1960 1960-1970 1970-1980 1980-1990 1990-2000 2000-2010

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). World Population Prospects: The Revision. Extended Dataset: Disk 1. (United Nations publication, Sales No. 09.XII.6).

These regional trends mask substantial variation at the country level. Between 1950 and 2010, Northern America added 892 thousand people annually to its population stock due to net migration. The United States gained the most, with three million between 1950-1960 which increased to 10.7 million by 2000-2010 (table 11). Europe gained 473 thousand persons annually, over 62 per cent of which was accounted for by France and Germany. In Oceania, annual net migration stood at 91 thousands in 1950- 2010, with Australia’s net migration increasing from 0.8 million in 1950-1960 to 1.2 million in 1980- 1990. In Latin America and the Caribbean, having lost 569 thousand persons annually over the last 60 years, Mexico’s net outflow was by far the highest. In Asia, net migration was positive between 1950 and 1970 and subsequently became negative. China followed by India accounted for most of the net outflow since the 1970s. In Africa, the net loss between 1950 and 2010 stood at 312 thousands annually with Egypt and Morocco having the highest net emigration over that period.

For 2000-2010, the United States followed by Spain and Italy were the top net immigration countries, whereas Mexico, China and Pakistan were the top net emigration countries (table 11). By 2040- 2050, the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom were projected to be leading the group of net immigration countries and Mexico, China and India the group of net emigration countries.

18 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 TABLE 11. COUNTRIES AND AREAS WITH THE HIGHEST AND THE LOWEST LEVEL OF NET MIGRATION, ESTIMATES AND MEDIUM VARIANT PROJECTION, 1950-1960, 1980-1990, 2000-2010 AND 2040-2050 ESTIMATES AND MEDIUM VARIANT PROJECTION, 1980-19 90, 2000-2010 AND 2040-2050 A. Net immigration countries (in thousands)

Rank Country or area 1950-1960 Rank Country or area 1980-1990

1. United States of America ...... 3 064 1. United States of America ...... 8 620 2. Kazakhstan ...... 1 640 2. Pakistan ...... 2 940 3. France ...... 1 151 3. Saudi Arabia ...... 2 450 4. Canada ...... 1 120 4. Russian Federation ...... 2 014 5. Germany ...... 996 5. Germany ...... 1 848 6. Australia...... 793 6. Iran (Islamic Republic of) ...... 1 737 7. Brazil ...... 549 7. Ethiopia ...... 1 379 8. Argentina ...... 522 8. Canada ...... 1 219 9. Israel ...... 454 9. Australia ...... 1 156 10. China, Hong Kong SAR 375 10. Republic of Korea ...... 842 Rank Country or area 2000-2010 Rank Country or area 2040-2050 1. United States of America ...... 10 728 1. United States of America ...... 10 560 2. Spain ...... 4 254 2. Canada ...... 2 147 3. Italy ...... 3 400 3. United Kingdom ...... 1 745 4. Canada ...... 2 139 4. Italy ...... 1 500 5. United Kingdom ...... 1 895 5. Spain ...... 1 472 6. Afghanistan ...... 1 805 6. Germany ...... 1 100 7. Thailand ...... 1 711 7. France ...... 1 000 8. Germany ...... 1 480 8. Australia ...... 1 000 9. South Africa ...... 1 400 9. China, Hong Kong SAR ...... 600 10. France ...... 1 261 10. Japan ...... 540 B. Net emigration countries (in thousands) Rank Country or area 1950-1960 Rank Country or area 1980-1990 1. Russian Federation ...... - 1 328 1. Afghanistan ...... -4 873 2. Spain ...... - 777 2. Mexico...... -3 872 3. Italy ...... - 763 3. Mozambique ...... -1 673 4. Algeria ...... - 722 4. Somalia ...... -1 464 5. Dem. People's Republic of Korea ...... - 686 5. Viet Nam ...... -1 462 6. Portugal ...... - 631 6. Kazakhstan ...... -1 006 7. United Kingdom ...... - 577 7. Egypt ...... - 994 8. Belarus ...... - 564 8. Iraq ...... - 830 9. Puerto Rico ...... - 470 9. Bangladesh ...... - 815 10. China ...... - 435 10. Nigeria ...... - 763 Rank Country or area 2000-2010 Rank Country or area 2040-2050 1. Mexico ...... - 5 132 1. Mexico...... - 3 222 2. China ...... - 3 789 2. China ...... - 3 043 3. Pakistan ...... - 2 655 3. India ...... - 2 543 4. India ...... - 2 540 4. Philippines ...... - 1 750 5. Philippines ...... - 1 800 5. Pakistan ...... - 1 554 6. Indonesia ...... - 1 730 6. Indonesia ...... - 1 534 7. Myanmar ...... - 1 500 7. Bangladesh ...... - 1 504 8. Iran (Islamic Republic of) ...... - 1 493 8. Egypt ...... - 800 9. Zimbabwe ...... - 1 400 9. Nigeria ...... - 600 10. Bangladesh ...... - 1 270 10. Sri Lanka ...... - 600

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 19 International Migration Report 2009 The net migration averages of the last 60 years mask variation in migration patterns over time resulting from political events and economic and social changes in countries. As table 12 shows, in 148 of 196 countries net migration changed sign or became zero at least once since 1950. Among these 148 countries, 14 countries in Europe became recent net immigration countries—including Spain and Italy, which from 1950-1960 had been among the top ten net emigration countries. Also in this group are countries that experienced repatriation of ethnic groups, such as Japanese returning from Latin America and other parts of Asia to Japan, and ethnic Russians returning to the Russian Federation from the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) after its disintegration in 1991.

TABLE 12. NUMBER OF COUNTRIES OR AREAS, BY NET MIGRATION STATUS AND BY MAJOR AREA, 1950-2010

Number of countries or areas

Recent net Major area Net immigration Net emigration immigration Other

World ...... 15 33 26 122 Africa ...... 1 5 6 43 Asia ...... 5 7 4 34 Europe ...... 4 3 14 19 Latin America and the Caribbean ... 2 17 1 17 Northern America ...... 2 — — — Oceania ...... 1 1 1 9

NOTE: Net immigration: countries that consistently showed positive net migration; net emigration: countries that consistently showed negative net migration; recent net immigration: countries that showed consistently positive net migration over the period 1985-2010 but that had negative or zero net migration at least once before 1985; other: countries whose net migration had changed sign or had been zero at least once since 1950.

In 48 countries, net migration was consistent, either negative or positive, from 1950-2010. Of these 48, 15 experienced continuous positive net migration since 1950, including traditional immigration countries, such as the United States and Canada, and labour-importing countries in Asia, such as Brunei Darussalam, Qatar, Singapore and the United Arab Emirates. For 33 countries, net migration had been consistently negative since 1950; the majority of these located in less developed regions, especially Asia and Latin America and the Caribbean.

C. CONTRIBUTION OF INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION TO POPULATION CHANGE

Over time, a population grows and declines due to natural increase (births minus deaths) and net migration (immigrants minus emigrants). Migration affects population change directly by adding to or subtracting from the population in countries of destination and origin. It also affects population indirectly by impacting, for example, mortality and fertility in the respective countries. Given the age selectivity of migration, it also affects the age structure of the population in countries of origin and destination. The following paragraphs focus on the direct impact of net migration as compared to natural change on population growth and decline.

In 1950-1960, the population in both more and less developed regions was primarily growing due to natural increase (figure 13). By 1990-2000, growth in more developed regions was for the first time dominated by net migration. Less developed regions, however, were still growing due to a surplus of births over deaths (natural increase). Following the projection assumptions defined earlier, the population of more developed regions is projected to decline by 2040-2050; the rate of natural increase will have become negative and will no longer be offset by positive net migration. Continued

20 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 growth at lower rates is projected for the less developed regions, but net migration will remain negligible and the population will continue to grow primarily due to natural increase.

Figure 13: Contribution of natural increase and net migration to net population change by development group, 1950-1960 to 2040-2050

(millions) 120 More developed regions

100

-20

-40 1950- 1960- 1970- 1980- 1990- 2000- 2010- 2020- 2030- 2040- 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

Net change Natural increase Net migration

(millions) 900 Less developed regions

700

500

300

100

-100 1950- 1960- 1970- 1980- 1990- 2000- 2010- 2020- 2030- 2040- 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 Net change Natural increase Net migration

In both Northern America and Oceania net migration played a positive and important role in population growth over the last 60 years, a trend that is expected to continue (figure 14). By 2030-2040, net migration in Northern America will, for the first time, contribute more to population growth than natural increase. From then on, net migration will drive population growth in Northern America. In Europe, net migration kept population growth weakly positive since 1990-2000. By 2020-2030, Europe’s

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 21 International Migration Report 2009 population growth will be negative. Despite continued positive net migration, the surplus of deaths over births is projected to dominate population change, leading to population decline in Europe.

Figure 14: Contribution of natural increase and net migration to net population change by major area, 1950-1960 to 2040-2050

600 (millions) 300 (millions) Africa Asia 500

200 400

300 100 200

100 0 1950-1960-1970-1980-1990-2000-2010-2020-2030-2040- 0 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 1950-1960-1970-1980-1990-2000-2010-2020-2030-2040- -100 -100 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

(millions) (millions) 100 70 Europe Latin America 80 and the Caribbean 50 60 30 40 10 20

-10 0

-30 -20 1950-1960-1970-1980-1990-2000-2010-2020-2030-2040- 1950-1960-1970-1980-1990-2000-2010-2020-2030-2040- 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

40 (millions) (millions) Northern America 5 Oceania

30 4

3 20

2 10 1

0 0 1950- 1960- 1970- 1980- 1990- 2000- 2010- 2020- 2030- 2040- 1950- 1960- 1970- 1980- 1990- 2000- 2010- 2020- 2030- 2040- 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

Net change Natural increase Net migration

22 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Between 1950-2010, the populations of Africa, Asia and Latin America and the Caribbean continued to grow due to natural increase, however, at a declining rate. Negative net migration was more than offset by natural increase, which will remain the major factor behind population growth in these major areas in the future.

At the country level, the contribution of international migration to population change varies considerably. For the majority of countries, low levels of net migration characterized the past and are expected to have little effect on population change in the future. However, in some countries of the more developed regions with low fertility and low mortality levels, population change will increasingly be due to net international migration.

Over the period 2000-2010, the population increased in 180 countries (table 13). The majority of these, 150 countries in all, grew due to natural increase, and 30 countries grew due to net migration. There was population decline in only 16 countries, in 10 of which population decline occurred because deaths outnumbered births. Twenty of the 30 countries experiencing population growth primarily due to net migration were located in Europe and seven in Asia. Among the 20 countries in Europe were countries in Northern Europe, such as Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and the United Kingdom, countries in Southern Europe with Greece, Italy and Spain or countries in Western Europe such as Austria, Belgium and Switzerland. Among the seven countries in Asia were labour-importing countries, such as Qatar, Singapore and United Arab Emirates. Middle-income countries in Asia, such as Indonesia and Thailand were still growing primarily due to natural increase. The majority of countries in Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean and Oceania grew due to natural increase. In Northern America, natural increase drove population growth in one country, the United States, whereas net migration was the main cause of population growth in another country, Canada. With one exception, Georgia, all 16 countries experiencing population decline in 2000-2010 were located in Europe.

TABLE 13. NATURAL INCREASE AND NET MIGRATION AS SOURCES OF POPULATION GROWTH OR DECLINE, BY MAJOR AREA, 2000-2010

Population growth primarily Population decline due to primarily due to

Natural Natural population Net population Net Major area change migration Total change migration Total

World ...... 15...... 0 30 180 10 6 16 Africa ...... 54...... 1 55 — — — Asia ...... 4...... 2 7 49 — 1 1 Europe ...... 5 ...... 20 25 10 5 15 Latin America and the Caribbean ...... 36 .... 1 37 — — — Northern America ...... 1 1 2 — — — Oceania ...... 12 ...... — 12 — — —

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. Extended Dataset: Disk 1 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.09.XII.6).

NOTE: Countries where natural increase contributes to more than 50 per cent of the total population change are defined as countries growing primarily due to natural increase. The same logic applies to countries growing primarily due to net migration.

The impact of international migration on population growth or decline can also be assessed by comparing the results of the 2010-2050 population projection of the medium variant with those obtained by projecting the population with zero international migration. In other words, the zero migration scenario illustrates the effect natural population change alone would have on future population growth since migration is set to zero starting in 2010. Comparing the projected population of the medium variant with those of the zero migration scenario helps assess the relative impact continued international migration is

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 23 International Migration Report 2009 expected to have on population change in development groups, major areas and countries. Table 14 presents a comparison of these two types of projection results for 2050. As expected, the zero-migration scenario produces a smaller population for more developed regions and a higher one for less developed regions. But the magnitude of the differences in relative terms is revealing: in the more developed regions, zero migration during 2010-2050 is projected to reduce the population by 10 per cent by 2050, whereas in the less developed regions it will increase the population by almost 2 per cent. This comparison confirms the importance of international migration for population growth in the more developed regions.

TABLE 14. PROJECTED POPULATION, BY DEVELOPMENT GROUP AND MAJOR AREA, MEDIUM VARIANT PROJECTION AND ZERO-MIGRATION SCENARIO, 2050

Population in 2050 (millions) Difference between zero- migration Difference as Zero-migration scenario and percentage of Development group and major area Medium variant scenario medium variant medium variant

World ...... 9 150 9 150 0.5 0.0 More developed regions ...... 1 275 1 145 -130 -10.2 Less developed regions ...... 7 875 8 005 131 1.7 Least developed countries ...... 1...... 672 1 697 25 1.5 Africa ...... 1 998 2 024 25 1.3 Asia ...... 5 231 5 297 66 1.3 Europe ...... 691 640 -51 -7.4 Latin America and the Caribbean ...... 729...... 766 36 5.0 Northern America ...... 448 . 378 -70 -15.6 Oceania ...... 51 46 -6 -10.8

At the level of the major areas, the largest differences between the 2050 population in the medium variant and the zero-migration scenario are found for Northern America and Oceania. Without any international migration, the projected population of Northern America in 2050 is projected to be 16 per cent smaller, and that for Oceania 11 per cent smaller than according to the medium variant. The potential reduction of the population of Europe is more modest, about 7 per cent, resulting from lower levels of international migration projected for that major area than for Northern America and Oceania. The impact of international migration is considerably lower in all other major areas. The 2050 population of Latin America and the Caribbean is projected to be 5 per cent higher when projected without migration, that of Asia and Africa 1.3 per cent higher when projected under the medium variant.

Similar comparisons can be made for individual countries. Table 15 presents countries with more than one million inhabitants in 2050. Most countries for which emigration is projected to be responsible for reducing significantly the size of the population in 2050 have small populations. By 2050 the most populous country in the group is projected to be Mexico, with a projected population of 129 million that would be nearly 15 per cent higher with no migration. The second populous country in this group is Sri Lanka, with a 2050 population of about 22 million that would be about 16 per cent higher under the zero- migration scenario.

24 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 TABLE 15. PROJECTED POPULATION FOR COUNTRIES AND AREAS WITH THE LARGEST PERCENTAGE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE MEDIUM VARIANT PRJOECTION AND THE ZERO-MIGRATION SCENARIO, 2050

Population in 2050 (thousands) Difference between zero-migration Difference as Medium Zero-migration scenario and medium percentage Rank Country or area variant scenario variant of medium variant*

A. Countries and areas with greater projected growth under zero-migration scenario 1. Jamaica ...... 2 683 ...... 3 716 1 033 38.5 2. Republic of Moldova...... 2 734...... 3 266 532 19.4 3. Georgia ...... 3 267 ...... 3 896 629 19.2 4. Albania ...... 3 303 ...... 3 846 542 16.4 5. Nicaragua ...... 8 143 ...... 9 479 1 336 16.4 6. Sri Lanka ...... 21 705 ...... 25 149 3 444 15.9 7. Trinidad and Tobago ...... 1 278...... 1 476 198 15.5 8. Mexico ...... 128 964 ...... 148 414 19 450 15.1 9. El Salvador ...... 7 882 ...... 8 917 1 035 13.1 10. Armenia...... 3 018 ...... 3 405 387 12.8 11. Lesotho ...... 2 491 ...... 2 807 316 12.7 12. Dominican Republic...... 13 441...... 15 040 1 599 11.9 13. Kyrgyzstan ...... 6 882 ...... 7 654 772 11.2

B. Countries and areas with less projected growth under zero-migration scenario

1. China, Hong Kong SAR ...... 8 623 ...... 5 698 -2 925 -33.9 2. United Arab Emirates ...... 8 253 ...... 5 631 -2 622 -31.8 3. Qatar...... 2 316 ...... 1 666 -651 -28.1 4. Canada ...... 44 414 ...... 33 429 -10 984 -24.7 5. Kuwait ...... 5 240 ...... 3 955 -1 285 -24.5 6. Cyprus ...... 1 175 ...... 904 -271 -23.1 7. Australia ...... 28 724 ...... 23 170 -5 554 -19.3 8. Switzerland ...... 8 514 ...... 6 970 -1 543 -18.1 9. Singapore ...... 5 221 ...... 4 279 -942 -18.0 10. Spain ...... 51 260 ...... 42 719 -8 541 -16.7 11. Ireland ...... 6 295 ...... 5 249 -1 045 -16.6 12. Norway ...... 5 947 ...... 5 021 -925 -15.6 13. United Kingdom ...... 72...... 365 61 713... -10 652 -14.7 14. United States of America ...... 403 932 ...... 344 720 -59 211 -14.7 15. Bahrain ...... 1 277 ...... 1 091 -186 -14.6 16. Greece ...... 10 939 ...... 9 391 -1 548 -14.2 17. Sweden ...... 10 571 ...... 9 105 -1 466 -13.9 18. Austria ...... 8 515 ...... 7 355 -1 160 -13.6 19. Italy ...... 57 066 ...... 49 355 -7 711 -13.5 20. Slovenia...... 1 954 ...... 1 733 -222 -11.3 21. Czech Republic ...... 10...... 294 9 148.... -1 146 -11.1 22. New Zealand ...... 5 349 4...... 800 -548 -10.3

NOTE: Only countries with a population of more than 1 million inhabitants in 2050 and with absolute differences of at least 10 per cent are included. Countries and areas ranked by difference as percentage of medium variant. * Increase (+) or decrease (-).

Table 15 also shows countries whose populations are projected to increase significantly due to international migration. Again, most of the countries in the list have small populations. The most populous country in the group is the United States, projected at 404 million in 2050, which would be 15 per cent lower in the absence of immigration. The most significant reductions in total population under the zero migration scenario are projected for China, Hong Kong SAR, the United Arab Emirates and Qatar, all of which heavily depend on immigration to sustain their population size.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 25 International Migration Report 2009 Given the age selectivity of migration, migration also affects the age and sex composition of a population. The dependency ratio is a commonly used measure of potential social and economic support needs. The total dependency ratio is calculated as the ratio of the dependent population (under 15 years of age and 65 years or older) to the working-age population (15 to 64 years of age). Table 16 presents dependency ratios for the medium variant projection and the zero migration scenario in order to approximate the impact of migration on the future age structure. In general, the higher this ratio, the more people each potential worker needs to support.

According to the medium variant, the dependency ratio is projected to increase in the developed regions over the next 40 years from 48 to 71 (table 16). In other words, for every 10 working adults, there were 4.8 dependent persons in 2010 and 7.1 dependent persons in 2050. Assuming no migration, the dependency ratio will increase to 76 in more developed regions in 2050 with 7.6 dependent persons per 10 working adults. By major area, Northern America, followed by Europe and Oceania would be most affected if there were no international migration and would all experience an increase in dependency ratios.

TABLE 16. DEPENDENCY RATIO UNDER THE MEDIUM VARIANT PROJECTION AND ZERO-MIGRATION SCENARIO, 2050

Dependency ratio in 2050 Difference between Difference as Dependency zero-migration percentage of ratio in Medium Zero-migration scenario and medium Development group and major area 2010 variant scenario medium variant variant

World ...... 53 56 56 — — More developed regions ...... 48 71 76 4.5 6.4 Less developed regions ...... 54 54 54 -0.3 -0.5 Least developed countries ...... 76 53 52 -0.2 -0.5 Africa ...... 78 52 52 -0.2 -0.4 Asia ...... 49 54 54 -0.1 -0.3 Europe...... 46 74 77 3.3 4.5 Latin America and the Caribbean ..... 53 58 56 -1.2 -2.2 Northern America ...... 49 64 69 5.6 8.8 Oceania ...... 54 61 63 2.5 4.2

At the country level, the impact of migration on the age structure of populations becomes even more evident (table 17). Overall, international migration reduces dependency ratios in labour-recruiting countries, such as the oil-exporting countries in Western Asia. Also, countries of immigration in Northern America, Oceania or Europe, such as Australia, Canada, Italy, Greece and Spain are projected to have higher dependency ratios when migration is set to zero. In general, however, the changes in the dependency ratios are fairly modest for countries in which populating ageing is more advanced. For example, in the case of Japan, a country with the second highest median age in the world in 2050, the dependency ratio under the medium variant would change very little from a high of 96 in 2050 to 99 under the zero-migration scenario. Thus, international migration can play a role in modifying population decline or reductions of the working-age population, but it cannot reverse the trend of population ageing.

26 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 TABLE 17. COUNTRIES AND AREAS WITH THE GREATEST INCREASE IN DEPENDENCY RATIO UNDER ZERO-MIGRATION SCENARIO, 2050

Dependency ratio in 2050

Zero- Increase (zero-migration Population in 2010 Dependency Medium migration scenario minus medium Rank Country or area (thousands) ratio in 2010 variant scenario variant)

1. United Arab Emirates ...... 4 707 ...... 25 37 104 67.1 2. Qatar ...... 1 508 ...... 20 38 95 56.9 3. China, Hong Kong SAR ...... 7 069 ...... 32 78 108 29.5 4. Kuwait ...... 3 051 ...... 34 57 79 21.7 5. Switzerland ...... 7 595 48...... 72 88 16.5 6. Spain ...... 45 317 ...... 47 87 98 10.6 7. Canada ...... 33 890 ...... 44 70 80 10.3 8. Greece ...... 11 183 ...... 48 82 92 10.2 9. Austria ...... 8 387 ...... 48 77 86 9.0 10. Italy ...... 60 098 ...... 53 88 96 8.4 11. United Kingdom ...... 61 899...... 51 ... 65 73 8.2 12. Australia ...... 21 512 ...... 49 68 75 7.5 13. Slovenia ...... 2 025 ...... 43 80 87 7.3 14. Ireland ...... 4 589 ...... 47 69 76 6.7

NOTE: Only countries with a population of more than 1 million inhabitants in 2010 are included.

______REFERENCE

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (2009). World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. Extended Dataset: Disk 1. (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.09.XII.6.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 27 International Migration Report 2009

IV. LEGAL INSTRUMENTS ON INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION

The international normative framework on international migration is based on (a) human rights instruments adopted by the General Assembly and (b) migrant worker rights instruments adopted by the International Labour Organization (ILO). These instruments have been ratified in varying degrees by Member States (figure 15). Instruments designed to protect refugees and to prevent and prosecute migrant smuggling and human trafficking have been ratified by more than two-thirds of Member States by 2009, whereas instruments protecting the rights of migrant workers have been ratified by less than one-third of Member States.

Figure 15: Status of ratification of legal instruments related to international migration by Member States, 1950-2009a

160

140

120

100

40 NumberMemberof State 20

0 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

Refugee Convention 1951 Refugee Protocoll 1967 Migrant Worker Convention 1990 ILO Convention Migration for Employment 1949 ILO Convention Migrant Workers 1975 Human Trafficking Protocol 2000 Migrant Smuggling Protocol 2000

Source: United Nations Treaty Collection; see http://treaties.un.org (as of 1 July 2009). a Of Member States of the United Nations (192) or of them International Labour Organization (183).

The 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol, both relating to the Status of Refugees, are the central elements in the international regime of refugee protection, and central to the activities of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). The 1951 Convention defines the term “refugee”, enumerates the rights of refugees, and establishes the legal obligation of States regarding refugee protection. The Convention prohibits the expulsion or forcible return of persons accorded refugee status: no refugee should be returned in any manner to any country or territory in which his or her life or freedom would be threatened (non-refoulement). The 1967 Protocol extended the application of the 1951 Convention to persons who became refugees after 1 January 1951, without any geographic limitation. By mid-2009, the 1951 Convention and its 1967 Protocol had each been ratified by 144 Member States, and 141 States were Parties to both instruments (table 18). The 147 States that had ratified either the 1951 Convention or the 1967 Protocol collectively hosted 6.2 million refugees in 2008, 41 per cent of the global refugee population. This includes 4.7 million Palestinian refugees who fall under the mandate of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA). If they were excluded, the proportion of refugees hosted by States Parties would increase to 59 per cent.

28 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 TABLE 18. STATUS OF RATIFICATION OF INTERNATIONAL LEGAL INSTRUMENTS RELATED TO INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION

Parties to United Nations Year instruments entered Instrument into force Number Percentagea

Refugees 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees 1954 144 75 1967 Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees 1967 145` 75

Migrant workers 1949 ILO Convention concerning Migration for Employment (Revised) (No. 1952 49 27 97) 1975 ILO Convention concerning Migrations in Abusive Conditions and the 1978 23 13 Promotion of Equality of Opportunity and Treatment of Migrant Workers (Supplementary Provisions) (No. 143) 1990 International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant 2003 41 21 Workers and Members of Their Families

Smuggling and trafficking 2000 Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, 2003 131 68 Especially Women and Children 2000 Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air 2004 119 62

Source: United Nations Treaty Collection; see http://treaties.un.org (as of 1 July 2009). a Of Member States of the International Labour Organization (183) or the United Nations (192).

The ILO has adopted two legally-binding instruments that specifically address migrant workers; the Convention concerning Migration for Employment (Revised 1949) (No. 97), and the Convention concerning Migrations in Abusive Conditions and the Promotion of Equality of Opportunity and Treatment of Migrant Workers (Supplementary Provisions) (No. 143). Both have been complemented by non-binding recommendations. The 1949 Convention concerning Migration for Employment covers recruitment and working conditions’ standards for migrant workers. It establishes the principle of equal treatment of migrant workers and nationals with regard to laws, regulations and administrative practices that concern living and working conditions, remuneration, social security, employment taxes and access to justice. The 1975 Convention was the first multilateral attempt to address irregular migration and to call for sanctions against “traffickers”. It emphasizes that Member States are obliged to respect the basic human rights of all migrant workers, including irregular migrants. It also provides that lawfully present migrant workers and their families should not only be entitled to equal treatment but also to equality of opportunity, e.g. equal access to employment and occupation, trade union and cultural rights and individual and collective freedoms. As of 1 July 2009, 49 ILO Member States out of 183 had ratified ILO Convention No. 97; 23 Member States had ratified No. 143; 17 Member States had ratified both instruments, representing 9 per cent of ILO Member States and hosting five per cent of all international migrants worldwide (11 million) in 2010.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 29 International Migration Report 2009 The 1990 International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrants and Members of Their Families is the third and most comprehensive international treaty on migrant worker rights. It establishes international definitions for categories of migrant workers and formalizes the responsibility of States in upholding the rights of migrant workers and members of their families. The Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights monitors the implementation of the convention and works to further its ratification. As of mid-2009, 41 States (out of a total of 192 United Nations Member States) had ratified the convention. They collectively hosted 15.3 million international migrants in 2010, about seven per cent of the global migrant population. None of the States Parties to the 1990 Convention were major migrant receiving countries, and only five of them hosted more than one million international migrants. Overall, 82 countries had ratified at least one of the three instruments regarding migrant workers. Together they hosted 32 per cent of the world migrant population in 2010, 69 millions in absolute figures.

The two protocols seeking to stem irregular migration concern human trafficking and migrant smuggling. They supplement the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime. The 2000 Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children took effect in 2003 and had been ratified by 131 countries as of 1 July 2009. The Protocol defines human trafficking as the acquisition of people by improper means, such as force, fraud or deception, with the aim of exploiting them. The Protocol aims to prevent and combat trafficking in persons, to protect and assist victims of such trafficking, in particular women and children, and to promote cooperation among States Parties. The 2000 Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air took effect in 2004 and had been ratified by 119 countries as of 1 July 2009. As set out in the Protocol, smuggling of migrants involves the procurement for financial or other material benefit of the illegal entry of a person into a State of which the person is not a national or permanent resident. The Protocol is an effective tool for combating and preventing the smuggling of human cargo. It reaffirms that migration in itself is not a crime, and that migrants may be victims in need of protection. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) assists Member States in implementing the Protocols. The rapid increase in the ratification of the human trafficking and the migrant smuggling protocols indicates the growing concern of Member States about irregular migration and its detrimental effects.

Table 19 and figure 16 show the status of ratification for the above-mentioned conventions and protocols by development group and major area. For the 1951 Convention and its 1967 Protocol, both relating to the status of refugees, the rate of ratification is low in Asia with 40 per cent and in Oceania with 50 per cent, while the remaining areas show ratification rates above 80 per cent for at least one of the two instruments. Ratification rates of the protocol relating to human trafficking and of the protocol relating to migrant smuggling are highest for Member States in Northern America (100 per cent) and Europe (84 and 86 per cent). Overall, the three instruments relating to migrant rights’ protection show lower ratification rates compared to the other migration-related instruments in all major areas. Latin America and the Caribbean has the highest ratification rate for at least one migrant rights’ instrument, whereas Northern America has not ratified any of these three instruments.

30 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 TABLE 19. DISTRIBUTION OF STATES PARTIES TO LEGAL INSTRUMENTS RELATED TO INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION BY DEVELOPMENT GROUP AND MAJOR AREA

ILO conventions States parties to United Nations instruments

1990 2000 2000 1949 Migration 1975 Migrant Migrant Human Migrant 1951 1967 for Employment Workers Workers Trafficking Smuggling Refugee Refugee Development group and major area No. 097 No. 143 Convention Protocol Protocol Convention Protocol

World……………………………….. 49 23 41 131 119 144 144 More developed regions…………. 17 11 2 41 40 46 46 Less developed regions………….. 32 12 39 90 79 98 98 Least developed countries…….. 5 5 10 27 24 39 38 Africa……………………………….. 10 7 16 36 33 48 48 Asia…………………………………. 7 4 8 27 21 19 19 Europe………………………………. 16 11 2 37 36 42 41 Latin America and the Caribbean…... 15 1 15 26 24 27 27 Northern America…………………... — — — 2 2 1 2 Oceania……………………………... 1 — — 3 3 7 7

Source: United Nations Treaty Collection; see http://treaties.un.org (as of 1 July 2009).

Figure 16: Distribution of States parties to international instruments related to international migration by major area 100

Percentage 40

0 Africa Asia Europe Latin America and Northern America Oceania the Caribbean

1951 Refugee Convention 1967 Refugee Protocol 1949 Migration for Employment ILO No. 097 2000 Human Trafficking Protocol 2000 Migrant Smuggling Protocol 2000 Migrant Smuggling Protocol

1975 Migrant Workers ILO No. 143

Source: United Nations Treaty Collection; see http://treaties.un.org (as of 1 July 2009).

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 31 International Migration Report 2009 This page is intentionally left blank

PART TWO:

INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND DEVELOPMENT AT THE UNITED NATIONS

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V. RESOLUTIONS OF THE UNITED NATIONS GENERAL ASSEMBLY AND THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL

A. 61/208 International migration and development

The General Assembly, Recalling its resolutions 49/127 of 19 December 1994, 50/123 of 20 December 1995, 52/189 of 18 December 1997, 54/212 of 22 December 1999, 56/203 of 21 December 2001, 58/208 of 23 December 2003, 59/241 of 22 December 2004 and 60/227 of 23 December 2005 on international migration and development, and 60/206 of 22 December 2005 on the facilitation and reduction of the cost of transfer of migrant remittances, Recalling also the 2005 World Summit Outcome,1 Recalling further its resolution 57/270 B of 23 June 2003 on the integrated and coordinated implementation of and follow-up to the outcomes of the major United Nations conferences and summits in the economic and social fields, Recalling its resolution 60/265 of 30 June 2006 on the follow-up to the development outcome of the 2005 World Summit, including the Millennium Development Goals and the other internationally agreed development goals, Reaffirming the Universal Declaration of Human Rights,2 and recalling the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, 3 the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women4 and the Convention on the Rights of the Child,5 Recalling the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families,6 Recalling also Commission on Population and Development resolution 2006/2 of 10 May 2006,7 Acknowledging the important nexus between international migration and development and the need to deal with the challenges and opportunities that migration presents to countries of origin, transit and destination, and recognizing that migration brings benefits as well as challenges to the global community, Acknowledging also the important contribution provided by migrants and migration to development, as well as the complex interrelationship between migration and development, Reaffirming the resolve expressed by Heads of State and Government to take measures to ensure respect for and protection of the human rights of migrants, migrant workers and members of their families,8 Noting the efforts of Member States, relevant United Nations bodies, organizations, funds and programmes and international and intergovernmental organizations, including the International Organization for Migration, in respect of convening events at the national, regional and international levels with a view to advancing the dialogue on the issue of international migration and development,

1 See resolution 60/1. 2 Resolution 217 A (III). 3 United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 660, No. 9464. 4 Ibid., vol. 1249, No. 20378. 5 Ibid., vol. 1577, No. 27531. 6 Ibid., vol. 2220, No. 39481. 7 See Official Records of the Economic and Social Council, 2006, Supplement No. 5 (E/2006/25), chap. I, sect. B. 8 See resolutions 55/2 and 60/1.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 35 International Migration Report 2009 Noting with interest the offer of the Government of Belgium to convene a state-led initiative, the Global Forum on Migration and Development, in 2007, 1. Takes note of the report of the Secretary-General;9 2. Welcomes the convening of the High-level Dialogue on International Migration and Development in New York on 14 and 15 September 2006, and the high level and broad participation that provided an opportunity to discuss the multidimensional aspects of international migration and development; 3. Takes note of the summary of the High-level Dialogue by the President of the General Assembly;10 4. Welcomes the heightened awareness achieved by the High-level Dialogue on the issue, and decides to consider, at its sixty-third session, possible options for appropriate follow-up to the High-level Dialogue; 5. Also welcomes the ongoing efforts of Governments in the area of regional and interregional cooperation and regional consultative processes, where they exist, on migration, and encourages consideration of development dimensions in such processes, towards facilitating the dialogue and the exchange of information and experiences, fostering coordination at the regional and national levels, building common understanding, promoting cooperation, contributing to capacity - building and strengthening partnerships among countries of origin, transit and destination; 6. Takes note with interest of the establishment of the Global Migration Group; 7. Calls upon all relevant bodies, agencies, funds and programmes of the United Nations system and other relevant intergovernmental, regional and subregional organizations, within their respective mandates, to continue to address the issue of international migration and development, with a view to integrating migration issues, including a gender perspective and cultural diversity, in a more coherent way within the broader context of the implementation of internationally agreed development goals, including the Millennium Development Goals and respect for human rights; 8. Recalls its resolution 55/93 of 4 December 2000, by which it proclaimed 18 December International Day of the Migrant, and invites Member States and intergovernmental and non- governmental organizations to include in the observance of International Day of the Migrant the developmental dimension of international migration, as highlighted by the High-level Dialogue on International Migration and Development held in New York, by sharing experiences and best practices on, inter alia, how to maximize the benefits of international migration and reduce its negative impacts; 9. Requests the Secretary-General to submit a report to the General Assembly at its sixty- third session on the implementation of the present resolution; 10. Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its sixty-third session the sub-item entitled “International migration and development”.

83rd plenary meeting 20 December 2006

9 A/60/871. 10 A/61/515.

36 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 B. 61/515 Summary of the High-level Dialogue on International Migration and Development: Note by the President of the General Assembly

I. Format and participation

1. In accordance with paragraph 11 of General Assembly resolution 60/227 of 23 December 2005, the President of the sixty-first session of the General Assembly has the honour to transmit herewith the summary of the first High-level Dialogue on International Migration and Development that the General Assembly conducted on 14 and 15 September 2006 at United Nations Headquarters. 2. The High-level Dialogue was opened by the President of the General Assembly. Her statement was followed by statements from the Secretary-General and the President of the Economic and Social Council. The Dialogue included four plenary meetings at which statements were made by high-level officials of 127 Member States, including 1 Vice-President, 47 ministers and 40 vice- ministers. Representatives of 1 Observer State and 10 intergovernmental entities and organizations having received a standing invitation to participate as observers in the sessions and the work of the Assembly also made statements. 3. Four interactive round tables were held during the afternoon of 14 September and the morning of 15 September. Participants in the round tables included 162 high-level representatives of Member States, officials of 16 United Nations agencies, funds and programmes, the Executive Secretaries of 2 United Nations regional commissions, the Director-General of the International Organization for Migration (IOM) and representatives of 12 non-governmental organizations, civil society and private sector entities. 4. Each round table considered a different topic. Round table 1 focused on the effects of international migration on economic and social development and was chaired by Tarja Filatov, Minister of Labour of Finland. Round table 2 discussed measures to ensure respect for and protection of the human rights of all migrants, and to prevent and combat smuggling of migrants and trafficking in persons, and had Francisco Laínez, Minister for Foreign Affairs of El Salvador, as chair. Round table 3 considered the multidimensional aspects of international migration and development, including remittances, and was chaired by Kastriot Sulka, Deputy Minister of Labour, Welfare and Equal Opportunities of Albania. Round table 4 discussed ways of promoting the building of partnerships and capacity-building and the sharing of best practices at all levels, including the bilateral and regional levels, for the benefit of countries and migrants alike, and was chaired by Jean-François Ndongou, Minister, Deputy to the Minister of State, Minister for Foreign Affairs, Cooperation, Francophonie and Social Integration of Gabon. 5. At the afternoon plenary meeting on 15 September, summaries of the deliberations conducted in the round tables were presented orally by the chairpersons of the round tables. After all the statements in the plenary were made, the President of the General Assembly delivered a closing statement.

II. Key issues

6. The High-level Dialogue on International Migration and Development demonstrated the strong commitment of Member States, United Nations entities, observers, non-governmental organizations, civil society and the private sector to examining the relationship and synergies between international migration and development. There was general consensus that the High-level Dialogue presented a unique opportunity to identify ways and means to maximize the developmental benefits of international migration and to reduce its negative impacts.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 37 International Migration Report 2009 7. Participants stressed the global character of international migration. They affirmed that international migration was a growing phenomenon, both in scope and in complexity, affecting virtually all countries in the world. They agreed that international migration could be a positive force for development in both countries of origin and countries of destination, provided that it was supported by the right set of policies. 8. Participants noted that international migrants contributed to development in both developing and developed countries. In some countries, migrants were essential in meeting labour shortages. A number of participants also underscored the social and cultural contributions of migrants. Some countries reported on their long experience in receiving and integrating international migrants. Other countries had only recently become migrant receiving countries. Many participants mentioned how their countries had benefited from the emigration of their citizens and from the financial and other contributions that migrant communities had made to the development of their countries. The role of migrant entrepreneurs in reinvigorating urban areas was mentioned. 9. Participants felt that it was essential to address the root causes of international migration to ensure that people migrated out of choice rather than necessity. They observed that people often had to migrate because of poverty, conflict, human rights violations, poor governance or lack of employ ment. There was widespread support for incorporating international migration issues in national development plans, including poverty reduction strategies. Participants noted that international migration could contribute to the achievement of the internationally agreed development goals, including the Millennium Development Goals, but cautioned against viewing international migration by itself as a long-term development strategy. The need to generate jobs with decent working conditions and to ensure that sustainable livelihoods were possible in all countries was emphasized. 10. Participants recognized that international migration, development and human rights were intrinsically interconnected. Respect for the fundamental rights and freedoms of all migrants wa s considered essential for reaping the full benefits of international migration. Many noted that some vulnerable groups, such as migrant women and children, needed special protection. Governments were called upon to ratify and implement the core human rights conventions and other relevant international instruments, including the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families. Participants underlined the need for concerted efforts on the part of Governments to combat xenophobia, discrimination, racism and the social exclusion of migrant populations. 11. Participants emphasized that the social consequences of international migration deserved urgent attention. The integration of international migrants in receiving countries required mutual adaptation and acceptance by both the host society and the migrants themselves. It was important to combat all types of intolerance. Information campaigns about the positive contribution of international migrants to the host society and about the rights and responsibilities of international migrants were deemed useful. 12. Participants acknowledged that remittances were the most tangible benefit of international migration for countries of origin. They noted that the volume of remittances had increased markedly in recent years. While remittances benefited millions of families of migrants, participants believed that their development potential could be enhanced by appropriate measures. These encompassed increasing competition among money-transfer companies and banks to reduce transfer fees, improving the access to banking services, including credit, of migrants and their families and expanding financial literacy in countries of origin. There was consensus that remittances were private flows and should not be considered a substitute for official development assistance, direct foreign investment or debt relief. Some participants warned about the potentially negative consequences of remittances, including the culture of dependency that they might foster at both the household and national levels. 13. Participants agreed that migrant communities had significant potential to contribute to the development of their countries of origin. A number of countries had taken measures to strengthen ties with their nationals abroad and to encourage highly skilled workers in the direction of return and circular migration. Several participants noted that, through co-development projects, migrant

38 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 entrepreneurs had been agents of development in their countries of origin. The role of international migrants in transferring know-how, skills, technology, expertise and new ways of thinking to their countries of origin was also underscored. 14. Participants also focused on ways of minimizing the negative consequences of highly skilled emigration from developing countries. The outflow of highly skilled workers from the health and education sectors was of particular concern, since it compromised the delivery of services in countries of origin. Participants urged the implementation of measures to retain highly skilled workers by, among other things, ensuring equitable pay and decent working conditions. The promotion of return, even on a temporary basis, of skilled workers to their countries of origin was also recommended. Some participants noted that their countries had adopted or were about to adopt codes of conduct barring the active recruitment of health workers from developing countries affected by labour shortages in the health and education sectors. A number of participants suggested that cooperative arrangements could be made to train skilled workers in developing countries and others argued for different mechanisms for compensation. 15. Participants remarked that labour migration was crucial for the world economy. In some countries, the labour market was highly dependent on foreign workers. In others, temporary labour migration allowed for the filling of specific labour needs. Participants noted that the relatively high participation of women in labour migration had prompted some countries to re-examine their labour migration regulations and procedures to ensure that they were gender sensitive and that they offered adequate protection for female migrants. 16. Participants noted that about half of all international migrants were female. Women, like men, migrated in order to improve their livelihoods. For many women migration was a means of empowerment. The entrepreneurial potential of female migrants deserved support, and the contribution of migrant women to development in both countries of origin and those of destination had to be recognized. However, migration also entailed risks that were often more serious for women than for men, especially when women were relegated to undesirable low-paying jobs. It was important, therefore, to adopt policies that addressed the particular circumstances and experiences of female migrants and reduced their vulnerability to exploitation and abuse. Women and girls who were victims of trafficking were entitled to special protection. 17. Participants expressed concern about the increase in irregular migration and the exploitation and abuse of migrants in an irregular situation. There was general consensus that trafficking in persons and the smuggling of migrants, especially women and children, should be combated with urgency at the national, bilateral, regional and global levels. Some participants noted that restrictive migration policies contributed to an increase in irregular migration and argued for an increase in legal avenues for migration and for the regularization of migrants in an irregular situation. Participants suggested that information campaigns highlighting the dangers involved in migrating without authorization could help in reducing irregular flows. Although effective border control was considered necessary by many participants, there was recognition that security and control measures alone would not eliminate irregular migration. Hence, there was a call for migration policies that could produce a better balance between unmet labour demand and the inflows of workers from abroad. Participants also underscored that measures to control irregular migration should not prevent persons fleeing persecution and other vulnerable populations from seeking international protection. 18. Most participants considered that national strategies to address the impact of international migration on development should be complemented by strengthened bilateral, regional and multilateral cooperation. They considered that such cooperation was needed to promote legal, safe and orderly migration, reduce irregular migration and improve the chances of reaping the full benefits of international migration. The proliferation of regional consultative processes was seen by participants as proof that cooperation was particularly effective at the regional level. Many participants provided examples of regional mechanisms that, through improved dialogue and better mutual understanding, had led to practical measures to address migration issues.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 39 International Migration Report 2009 19. Participants also recognized the usefulness of bilateral agreements and cited examples of those addressing labour migration, the portability of pensions, the readmission of nationals or the fight against trafficking in persons and the smuggling of migrants. Many participants considered that regional and bilateral initiatives had to be complemented by initiatives at the global level, noting that the United Nations was a natural venue for such initiatives. Participants also mentioned the work of the Global Commission on International Migration, whose report provided useful guidance, the International Agenda for Migration Management, produced by the Berne Initiative, and the annual dialogue on migration policy sponsored by IOM.

III. Follow-up to the High-level Dialogue

20. Nearly all Member States participating in the High-level Dialogue expressed an interest in the continuation of global dialogue on international migration and development. There was widespread support for the proposal of the Secretary-General to create a global forum as a venue for discussing issues related to international migration and development in a systematic and comprehensive way. 21. Many participants stressed that, if established, the forum should foster practical, evidence- based measures to enhance the benefits of international migration and minimize its negative effects. The forum, participants noted, should be informal, voluntary and led by Member States operating in a transparent and open manner. It would not produce negotiated outcomes or normative decisions, but it would promote closer cooperation among Governments. 22. A number of participants cautioned that the proposed forum should avoid duplicating existing structures and ongoing activities in other entities. If established, the forum was expected to rely on the existing expertise in the United Nations system and other international organizations. It would build on the experiences of regional consultative processes and work closely with the recently established Global Migration Group. The precise relationship between the forum and the United Nations was the subject of some debate. One proposal was to link the forum to the United Nations through the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on International Migration and Development, Peter Sutherland. 23. A few participants argued that adequate means to address international migration issues already existed in different entities or structures, including in the United Nations system. They favoured the use of existing institutions, including IOM and the Global Migration Group, to continue addressing the international migration and development nexus. Some participants considered that dialogue could be more effective at the regional level than at the global level, perhaps enhanced by a periodic meeting of the chairs of the regional processes. 24. The Government of Belgium offered to host the first meeting of the global forum in 2007, an offer that was generally welcomed. The Secretary-General stated that, should Member States deem it useful, he was ready to establish a voluntary trust fund to support the activities of the forum. His decision to extend the mandate of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on International Migration and Development received wide support.

40 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 C. 62/270 Global Forum on Migration and Development

The General Assembly, Recalling that the 2005 World Summit Outcome acknowledged the important nexus between international migration and development and the need to deal with the challenges and opportunities that migration presents and reaffirmed the resolve to take measures to ensure respect for and protection of the human rights of migrants, migrant workers and members of their families,1 Considering that the summary of the High-level Dialogue on International Migration and Development, held in New York on 14 and 15 September 2006, as contained in a note by the President of the General Assembly,2 underlined the close link between migration, development and human rights, as well as the fact that respect for the human rights and fundamental freedoms of all migrants was essential for taking advantage of the positive aspects of international migration, Recalling its resolutions 61/208 of 20 December 2006 on international migration and development and 62/156 of 18 December 2007 on the protection of migrants, Stressing the need to promote a comprehensive and coherent discussion on all aspects of the phenomenon of migration, taking into account its importance on the global agenda, Recognizing the need for Member States to consider the multidimensional aspects of international migration and development, in order to identify appropriate ways and means of dealing with the challenges and opportunities that international migration presents, Recalling the important contribution provided by migrants and migration to development, as well as the interrelationship between migration and development, and the importance of including the perspective of the human rights of migrants as a priority matter in relevant debates and discussions that are held in the United Nations system, Considering that the report of the Secretary-General of 18 May 2006 on international migration and development, prepared pursuant to General Assembly resolutions 59/241 of 22 December 2004 and 60/227 of 23 December 2005, highlighted the fact that, within the United Nations system, there is no entity mandated to systematically address all matters related to international migration,3 Recalling that Member States participating in the High-level Dialogue on International Migration and Development expressed interest in continuing the dialogue on migration and development, and that there was widespread support for the proposal of the Secretary-General to create a global forum to address, in depth and in a systematic manner, all topics related to international migration and development, Taking note of the summary report of the first meeting of the Global Forum on Migration and Development, held in Brussels from 9 to 11 July 2007 under the auspices of the Government of Belgium,4 and the generous offer of the Government of the Philippines to host the second meeting, from 27 to 30 October 2008, in Manila, Noting with appreciation that the convening of the first meeting of the Global Forum on Migration and Development has already resulted in the establishment of official focal points on migration and development at the national level, Recognizing that the Global Forum on Migration and Development currently functions under the Guiding Principles of the Forum of 2007 and as a State-led initiative, and that it should be strengthened

1 See resolution 60/1, paras. 61 and 62. 2 A/61/515. 3 See A/60/871. 4 A/C.2/62/2, annex.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 41 International Migration Report 2009 with the aim of addressing the multidimensional aspects of international migration and development with a comprehensive approach, 1. Recognizes that exchanges of information and expertise, consultation and closer cooperation between the Global Forum on Migration and Development and the United Nations could have a positive impact, and in this regard: (a) Welcomes the transmission to the Secretary-General by the Government of Belgium of the summary report of the first meeting of the Global Forum on Migration and Development, circulated as a document of the General Assembly,4 and invites organizers of subsequent meetings of the Forum to continue this practice; (b) Requests the Secretary-General to include in his report called for in resolution 61/208 an evaluation of the existing cooperation mechanisms on migration and development and to make it available to the Global Forum on Migration and Development, at its second meeting, in 2008; (c) Encourages Member States to participate actively in, and the organizations that are members of the Global Migration Group, within their respective areas of expertise, to contribute and to provide technical support to the Global Forum on Migration and Development; (d) Notes that the Global Forum on Migration and Development, through its Steering Group, maintains links with the Secretary-General, notably through his Special Representative on International Migration and Development; 2. Takes note with interest of the agenda prepared for the discussions of the Global Forum on Migration and Development, and the title of the second meeting of the Global Forum, “Protecting and empowering migrants for development”, and particularly welcomes the inclusion of the topic of the human rights of migrants; 3. Requests the Secretary-General to submit to the General Assembly at its sixty-third session a report on the implementation of the present resolution.

109th plenary meeting 20 June 2008

42 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 D. 63/225 International migration and development

The General Assembly, Recalling its resolutions 58/208 of 23 December 2003, 59/241 of 22 December 2004, 60/227 of 23 December 2005, 60/206 of 22 December 2005 on the facilitation and reduction of the cost of transfer of migrant remittances, 62/156 of 18 December 2007 on the protection of migrants, 62/270 of 20 June 2008 on the Global Forum on Migration and Development and 61/208 of 20 December 2006 on international migration and development, Recalling also the 2005 World Summit Outcome1 and its resolution 60/265 of 30 June 2006 on the follow-up to the development outcome of the 2005 World Summit, including the Millennium Development Goals and the other internationally agreed development goals, and taking note of the Doha Declaration on Financing for Development, adopted on 2 December 2008,2 Recalling further its resolution 57/270 B of 23 June 2003 on the integrated and coordinated implementation of and follow-up to the outcomes of the major United Nations conferences and summits in the economic and social fields, Reaffirming the Universal Declaration of Human Rights,3 and recalling the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights,4 the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights,4 the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, 5 the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women,6 and the Convention on the Rights of the Child,7 Recalling the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families,8 and the invitation to Member States that have not yet done so to consider signing and ratifying or acceding to the Convention, Recalling also the importance of the decent work agenda of the International Labour Organization, including for migrant workers, and the eight fundamental Conventions of the International Labour Organization, Recalling further Commission on Population and Development resolution 2006/2 of 10 May 2006,9 Bearing in mind the summary by the President of the General Assembly of the 2006 High- level Dialogue on International Migration and Development,10 Acknowledging that the High-level Dialogue on International Migration and Development provided a useful opportunity to address constructively the issue of international migration and development and heightened awareness of the issue, Acknowledging also the important nexus between international migration and development and the need to deal with the challenges and opportunities that migration presents to countries of origin, transit and destination, and recognizing that migration brings benefits as well as challenges to the global community,

1 See resolution 60/1. 2 A/CONF.212/L.1/Rev.1. 3 Resolution 217 A (III). 4 See resolution 2200 A (XXI), annex. 5 United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 660, No. 9464. 6 Ibid., vol. 1249, No. 20378. 7 Ibid., vol. 1577, No. 27531. 8 Ibid., vol. 2220, No. 39481. 9 See Official Records of the Economic and Social Council, 2006, Supplement No. 5 (E/2006/25), chap. I, sect. B. 10 A/61/515.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 43 International Migration Report 2009 Acknowledging further the important contribution provided by migrants and migration to development, as well as the complex interrelationship between migration and development, Recognizing that remittance flows constitute sources of private capital and that remittances have increased over time, complement domestic savings and are instrumental in improving the well- being of recipients, 1. Takes note of the report of the Secretary-General;11 2. Encourages efforts by Member States and the international community to promote a balanced, coherent and comprehensive approach to international migration and development, particularly by building partnerships and ensuring coordinated action to develop capacities, including for the management of migration; 3. Emphasizes that respect for the human rights and fundamental freedoms of all migrants is essential for reaping the benefits of international migration; 4. Recognizes with appreciation the important contribution made by migrants and migration to development in countries of origin and destination; 5. Takes note of the Global Forum on Migration and Development, which held its first meeting in Brussels from 9 to 11 July 2007, and its second meeting in Manila from 27 to 30 October 2008, as an informal, voluntary, open, State-led initiative, and also takes note of the generous offer of the Government of Greece to host the third meeting of the Global Forum, to be held in Athens on 4 and 5 November 2009, as well as the offers of other Governments to hold subsequent meetings of the Forum; 6. Invites the countries of origin and destination, in accordance with domestic legislation, to undertake appropriate measures to facilitate the contribution of migrants and migrant communities to the development of their countries of origin; 7. Recognizes the need for Member States to continue considering the multidimensional aspects of international migration and development in order to identify appropriate ways and means of maximizing the development benefits and minimizing the negative impacts; 8. Reaffirms that there is a need to address and promote conditions for cheaper, faster and safer transfers of remittances in both source and recipient countries and, as appropriate, to encourage opportunities for development-oriented investment in recipient countries by beneficiaries that are willing and able to undertake such action, bearing in mind that remittances cannot be considered a substitute for foreign direct investment, official development assistance, debt relief or other public sources of financing for development; 9. Reiterates the need to consider how the migration of highly skilled persons and those with advanced education affects the development efforts of developing countries; 10. Acknowledges the need to analyse the impact of certain forms of temporary migration, circular migration and return migration on the development of countries of origin, transit and destination, as well as on migrants themselves; 11. Urges Member States and relevant international organizations to incorporate a gender perspective in all policies and programmes on international migration in order to, inter alia, reinforce the positive contributions that migrant women can make to the economic, social and human development of their countries of origin and their host countries, and to strengthen the protection of women migrants from all forms of violence, discrimination, trafficking, exploitation and abuse by promoting their rights and welfare, while recognizing in this regard the importance of joint and

11 A/63/265 and Corr.1.

44 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 collaborative approaches and strategies at the bilateral, regional, interregional and international levels; 12. Requests all Member States, in accordance with their relevant international obligations and commitments, to promote cooperation at all levels in addressing the challenge of undocumented or irregular migration so as to foster a secure, regular and orderly process of migration; 13. Calls upon all relevant bodies, agencies, funds and programmes of the United Nations system, and other relevant intergovernmental, regional and subregional organizations, including the Global Migration Group, within their respective mandates, to continue to address the issue of international migration and development, with a view to integrating migration issues, including a gender perspective and cultural diversity, in a more coherent way, within the context of the implementation of the internationally agreed development goals, including the Millennium Development Goals, and with respect for human rights; 14. Calls upon the United Nations system and other relevant international organizations and multilateral institutions to enhance their cooperation in the development of methodologies for the collection and processing of statistical data on international migration and the situation of migrants in countries of origin, transit and destination and to assist Member States in their capacity-building efforts in this regard; 15. Encourages the United Nations system and other relevant international organizations to support developing countries in their efforts to address migration issues within their respective development strategies in the context of the implementation of the internationally agreed development goals, including the Millennium Development Goals; 16. Decides to hold, within existing resources, a High-level Dialogue on International Migration and Development during its sixty-eighth session, in 2013, the focus and modalities of which will be decided upon at its sixty-seventh session; 17. Also decides to convene, within existing resources, at its sixty-fifth session, in 2011, a one-day informal thematic debate on international migration and development; 18. Further decides to include in the provisional agenda of its sixty-fifth session the sub- item entitled “International migration and development”; 19. Invites the regional commissions to examine regional aspects of international migration and development and to provide inputs, in accordance with respective mandates and within existing resources, to the report of the Secretary-General on this item; 20. Requests the Secretary-General to submit to the General Assembly at its sixty-fifth session a report on the implementation of the present resolution.

72nd plenary meeting 19 December 2008

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 45 International Migration Report 2009 E. Resolution 2006/2 on International migration and development

The Commission on Population and Development, Recalling the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development adopted at Cairo,1 in particular chapter X on international migration, and the key actions for the further implementation of the Programme of Action,2 in particular section II.C on international migration, Recognizing that the implementation of the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development and the key actions for its further implementation is integrally linked to global efforts to eradicate poverty and achieve sustainable development and that the achievement of the goals of the Programme of Action is consistent with and makes an essential contribution to the achievement of the internationally agreed development goals, including the Millennium Development Goals, Recalling the relevant provisions on international migration contained, inter alia, in the Copenhagen Declaration on Social Development,3 the Programme of Action of the World Summit for Social Development,4 the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action5 and their periodic reviews, and the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action adopted by the World Conference against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance on 8 September 2001,6 Recalling also the 2005 World Summit Outcome of 16 September 2005,7 Recalling further General Assembly resolution 57/270 B of 23 June 2003 on the integrated and coordinated implementation of and follow-up to the outcomes of the major United Nations conferences and summits in the economic and social fields, Recalling all General Assembly resolutions relevant to international migration and development, Recalling also General Assembly resolutions 58/208 of 23 December 2003, 59/241 of 22 December 2004 and 60∕227 of 23 December 2005, which are relevant to the setting up and organizing of the High-level Dialogue on International Migration and Development which will be held during the sixty- first session of the Assembly and which will discuss the overall theme of the multidimensional aspects of international migration and development in order to identify appropriate ways and means to maximize the development benefits and minimize the negative impacts, Reaffirming the resolve expressed by the Heads of State and Government8 to take measures to ensure respect for and protection of the human rights of migrants, migrant workers and members of their families, Recalling the Universal Declaration of Human Rights,9 the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination,10 the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women11 and the Convention on the Rights of the Child,12

1 See Report of the International Conference on Population and Development, Cairo, 5-13 September 1994 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.95.XIII.18). 2 See General Assembly resolution S-21/2 of 2 July 1999, annex, and Official Records of the General Assembly, Twenty-first Special Session, Supplement No. 3 (A/S-21/5/Rev.1) and A/S-21/PV.9. 3 Report of the World Summit for Social Development, Copenhagen, 6-12 March 1995 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.96.IV.8), chap. I, resolution 1, annex I. 4 Ibid., annex II. 5 Report of the Fourth World Conference on Women, Beijing, 4-15 September 1995 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.96.IV.13), chap. I, resolution 1, annexes I and II. 6 See A/CONF.189/12 and Corr.1, chap. I. 7 See General Assembly resolution 60/1. 8 See the United Nations Millennium Declaration, as contained in General Assembly resolution 55/2 of 8 September 2000, and the 2005 World Summit Outcome. 9 General Assembly resolution 217 A (III).

46 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Recalling also the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families,13 which entered into force in July 2003, Recalling further the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and the supplementing protocols thereto, namely, the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, and the Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air,14 Acknowledging the important nexus between international migration and development and the need to deal with the challenges and opportunities that migration presents to countries of origin, transit and destination and recognizing that migration brings benefits as well as challenges to the global community, Bearing in mind that policies and initiatives on the issue of migration, including those that refer to the orderly management of migration, should promote holistic approaches that take into account the causes and consequences of the phenomenon, as well as the full respect of the human rights and fundamental freedoms of migrants, Recognizing that remittance flows constitute one of the important aspects of international migration, Noting that the proportion of women and girls among international migrants amounted to nearly 50 per cent in 2005 and deeply concerned about the risks that women and girls, including women migrant workers, are exposed to in the context of migration, such as gender-based discrimination, multiple aggravated forms of discrimination, violence, including sexual violence, migrant smuggling, trafficking in persons, commercial sexual exploitation and economic exploitation, sexual abuse and other forms of abuse, Recognizing that the increasing feminization of international migration requires greater gender sensitivity in all policies and efforts related to the subject of international migration, Recognizing also the impact of migration on the effectiveness of public services, and the need to address, as appropriate, the shortages of workers, including health and education workers, giving appropriate attention to enhancing the capacity of developing countries in this regard, Noting the efforts of Member States, relevant United Nations bodies, organizations, funds and programmes, and international and intergovernmental organizations, including the International Organization for Migration, in respect of convening events at the national, regional and international levels with a view to advancing the dialogue on the issue of international migration and development, Taking note of the reports of the Secretary-General on world population monitoring15 and on the monitoring of population programmes,16 both focusing on international migration and development, and taking note also of the report of the Secretary-General on the flow of financial resources for assisting in the implementation of the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development,17 Taking note also of the report of the Global Commission on International Migration entitled “Migration in an interconnected world: new directions for action”,18 including its contribution to the

10 General Assembly resolution 2106 A (XX), annex. 11 General Assembly resolution 34/180, annex. 12 United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 1577, No. 27531. 13 General Assembly resolution 45/158, annex. 14 General Assembly resolution 55/25, annexes I to III. 15 E/CN.9/2006/3. 16 E/CN.9/2006/4. 17 E/CN.9/2006/5. 18 Geneva, Global Commission on International Migration, October 2005.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 47 International Migration Report 2009 debate on international migration and development, and taking note further of the report as an input for consideration at the High-level Dialogue, 1. Reaffirms the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development1 and the key actions for its further implementation;2 2. Acknowledges the important contribution made by migrants and migration to development in countries of origin and destination; 3. Recognizes the need for Member States to consider the multidimensional aspects of international migration and development in order to identify appropriate ways and means of maximizing the development benefits and minimizing the negative impacts; 4. Requests States to effectively promote and protect the human rights and fundamental freedoms of all migrants regardless of their immigration status, especially those of women and children, in conformity with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights9 and the international instruments to which they are party; 5. Reaffirms the responsibility of Governments to safeguard and protect the rights of migrants against illegal or violent acts, in particular acts of racial discrimination and crimes perpetrated with racist or xenophobic motivation by individuals or groups, and urges them to reinforce measures in this regard; 6. Recognizes that trafficking in persons and smuggling of migrants continue to pose a serious challenge to humanity and require a concerted international response, and to that end urges all States to devise, enforce and strengthen effective measures to prevent, combat and eliminate all forms of trafficking in persons, to counter the demand for trafficked victims and to protect the victims, in particular women and children subjected to forced labour, or sexual or commercial exploitation, violence or sexual abuse; 7. Requests all Member States, in accordance with their relevant international obligations and commitments, to promote cooperation at all levels in addressing the challenge of undocumented or irregular migration so as to foster a secure, regular and orderly process of migration; 8. Calls upon States that have not yet done so to enact domestic legislation and to take further effective measures to combat and prosecute international trafficking in persons and smuggling of migrants; 9. Reaffirms the right of Governments to enforce their migration laws, consistent with their international obligations; 10. Invites Governments, with the assistance of the international community, where appropriate, to seek to make the option of remaining in one’s own country viable for all people, in particular through efforts to achieve sustainable development, leading to a better economic balance between developed and developing countries; 11. Calls upon States to facilitate family reunification in an expeditious and effective manner, with due regard for applicable laws, as such reunification has a positive effect on the integration of migrants; 12. Recognizes the importance of public awareness of opportunities, limitations and rights in the event of migration; 13. Urges Member States and relevant international organizations to incorporate a gender perspective in all policies and programmes on international migration in order to, inter alia, reinforce the positive contributions that migrant women can make to the economic, social and human development of their countries of origin and their host countries as well as to strengthen protection of women migrants from all forms of violence, discrimination, trafficking, exploitation and abuse, by promoting their rights

48 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 and welfare, while recognizing in this regard the importance of joint and collaborative approaches and strategies at the bilateral, regional, interregional and international levels; 14. Reiterates the need to consider how the migration of highly skilled persons and those with advanced education impacts the development efforts of developing countries; 15. Acknowledges the need to analyse the impact of certain forms of temporary migration and return migration; 16. Reaffirms that there is a need to address and to promote conditions for cheaper, faster and safer transfers of remittances in both source and recipient countries and, as appropriate, to encourage opportunities for development-oriented investment in recipient countries by beneficiaries that are willing and able to undertake such action; 17. Invites the countries of origin and destination, in accordance with domestic legislation, to undertake appropriate measures to facilitate the contribution of migrants and migrant communities to the development of their countries of origin; 18. Recalls the commitments contained in the 2001 Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS19 to develop and begin to implement national, regional and international strategies that would facilitate access to HIV/AIDS prevention programmes for migrants and mobile workers, including the provision of information on health and social services;20 19. Invites Governments to set up or, where they already exist and where necessary, to strengthen relevant institutions and mechanisms for, inter alia, data collection, analysis, the subsequent elaboration of policies, programmes and projects, and their monitoring and evaluation, including by improving skills and increasing resources, with a view to their providing timely, reliable and disaggregated information, including, inter alia, sex- and age-specific information, on international migration flows in countries of origin, transit and destination and their effects on development, and in this regard invites the international community to provide financial and technical assistance to developing countries; 20. Invites relevant international organizations and multilateral institutions to enhance their cooperation on methodologies for the collection and processing of statistical data on international migration and the situation of migrants; 21. Encourages efforts by Member States and the international community to promote a balanced and comprehensive approach to international migration and development, particularly by building partnerships and ensuring coordinated action to develop capacities, including for the management of migration; 22. Invites Governments, where appropriate, to consider the linkages between international migration and development in policy formulation by, inter alia, promoting, through a comprehensive approach at the national level, collaboration and coordination among the governmental authorities in charge of international migration, and those focusing on development or development cooperation, and other relevant policy areas; 23. Recognizes the need to take concrete actions to strengthen bilateral, regional and international cooperation and dialogue in the area of international migration and development and, where appropriate, to develop and implement national policies and cooperative strategies to ensure that migration contributes to the development of both countries of origin and countries of destination; 24. Urges the relevant United Nations bodies, organizations, funds and programmes, and other relevant intergovernmental organizations working on international migration, including the International

19 General Assembly resolution S-26/2, annex. 20 Ibid., para. 50.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 49 International Migration Report 2009 Organization for Migration, to enhance within their respective mandates the coordination of their activities, and to strengthen cooperation and collaboration; 25. Requests the Secretary-General to continue his substantive work on international migration and development and, in collaboration with other relevant international organizations, funds and programmes, to continue assessing the progress made in achieving the goals and objectives on international migration and development set out in the outcomes of major United Nations conferences and summits; 26. Looks forward to the High-level Dialogue on International Migration and Development to be held during the sixty-first session of the General Assembly; 27. Recommends in this regard that the Economic and Social Council transmit the report of the Commission on its thirty-ninth session to the High-level Dialogue.

50 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009

PART THREE:

INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION PROFILES

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VI. DEFINITIONS AND SOURCES

International migrants

Total (thousands): The estimated total number of international migrants, both sexes combined, as of 1 July of the years indicated, in thousands. The basic data used to estimate the number of international migrants was obtained mostly from population censuses. For 179 countries or areas, the estimate shown corresponds to the number of persons born in a country other than that in which they lived, that is, the foreign-born population. For a further 42 countries or areas where information on place of birth was not available, the estimate shown corresponds to the number of foreigners. For the remaining 9 countries or areas, no information on the number of foreign-born or foreign persons was available; the estimates were imputed using a model.

The coverage of refugees in population censuses is uneven. In countries where refugees have been resettled, granted refugee status and allowed to integrate, they are normally covered by the population census as any other migrant. In such cases, there is no reason to make a special provision for the consideration of refugees in estimating the international migrant stock. However, in many places, refugees are required to reside in camps and other designated areas. In most countries in which refugees are maintained segregated from the rest of the population, it is unlikely that population censuses cover them. Furthermore, when refugee flows occur rapidly in situations of conflict, it is uncommon for a population census to take place soon after and to reflect the newly arrived refugee population. Consequently, for many countries hosting large refugee populations, the refugee statistics reported by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) are the only source of information on persons who are recognized as refugees or find themselves in refugee-like situations.

In order to ensure that the estimates of the international migrant stock reflect properly the numbers of refugees, the refugee figures reported by UNHCR and the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) were added to the estimates of the international migrant stock for most developing countries. In doing so, care was taken to estimate refugee stocks at mid-year (1 July) from the UNHCR data, which usually refer to the end of the year.

For developed countries, where most refugees have been admitted for resettlement and are routinely included in population counts, be it by censuses or population registers, no such adjustment was made. Nor was any adjustment made to reflect the number of asylum-seekers.

For more information on the data and methodology for estimating the international migrant stock, see: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2008 Revision (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Rev.2008).

Males (thousands): The total number of male migrants as of 1 July of the years indicated, in thousands.

Females (thousands): The total number of female migrants as of 1 July of the years indicated, in thousands.

Percentage of female migrants: The number of females as a percentage of the total international migrant stock.

Percentage of total migrant stock: The number of international migrants living in the country as a percentage of the total migrant stock in the world.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 53 International Migration Report 2009 Migrants as a percentage of the total population: The number of international migrants as a percentage of the total population of the country where they live.

Annual rate of change: The estimated exponential annual rate of change of the international migrant stock.

Annual rate of change excluding refugees: The estimated exponential annual rate of change of the international migrant stock excluding refugees.

Net migration of foreign born (thousands): An estimate of the net gain in the migrant stock between two periods accounting for the effects of mortality.

Refugees

Total (thousands): The total number of persons who are recognized as refugees under the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees and its 1967 Protocol or under the 1969 Organization of African Unity Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa; those granted refugee status in accordance with the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) Statute; those granted humanitarian status or temporary protection by the State in which they find themselves; those in refugee-like situations; and Palestinian refugees registered with UNRWA. Sources: UNHCR (2009). 2008 Global Trends: Refugees, Asylum-seekers, Returnees, Internally Displaced and Stateless Persons. See: www.unhcr.org/statistics. UNRWA (2009). UNRWA in figures, figures as of 31 December 2008. See: www.unrwa.org.

Percentage of international migrants: The number of refugees as a percentage of all international migrants in the country where they live.

Percentage of total refugee population: The number of refugees living in the country over the total number of refugees in the world.

Annual rate of change: The estimated exponential annual rate of change of the number of refugees.

54 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Remittances

Total (millions of current US dollars): The main source of data used by the World Bank is the Balance of Payments Statistics of the International Monetary Fund (IMF). For countries that do not report data on remittances in the Balance of Payment Statistics of the IMF, or that report only certain types of remittances, the World Bank uses alternative estimates provided by World Bank country desks or data from central banks. Remittances are defined as the sum of three types of transactions. “Workers' remittances” are current private transfers from migrants staying in a country for a year or longer to households in another country. Usually they are transfers between members of the same family residing in different countries. If migrants are staying in a country for less than a year, their entire income in the host country is recorded as “compensation of employees”. “Migrants' transfers” are related to the transfer of household effects and financial assets that arise at the time when a migrant changes her or his country of residence. They are not transactions between two different parties. Regional aggregates were calculated by the United Nations Population Division.

Percentage of gross domestic product: The percentage of gross domestic product (GDP) attributable to remittances.

Sources: World Bank (2009). Migration and Development Brief No. 10. See: www.worldbank.org/prospects/migrationandremittances. International Monetary Fund (2009). World Economic Outlook Database - April 2009. See: www.imf.org/external/data.htm. Central Intelligence Agency (2009). The World Factbook 2009. See: www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world- factbook/index.html.

Population

Total (thousands): De facto population, both sexes combined, as of 1 July of the years indicated, in thousands.

Males (thousands): De facto male population as of 1 July of the years indicated, in thousands.

Females (thousands): De facto female population as of 1 July of the years indicated, in thousands.

Annual rate of change per 1,000 population: The estimated annual exponential rate of change in population size, including change due to migration, expressed in per thousand population.

Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population: The estimated annual exponential rate of change in population size due to births and deaths, expressed in per thousand population. It does not include change due to international migration.

Total net migration (thousands—annual average): Net average annual number of international migrants during the period, that is, the average annual number of immigrants minus the average annual number of emigrants defined as individuals born in a country other than that to which they arrive or from which they depart, including both citizens and non-citizens, in thousands.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 55 International Migration Report 2009 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population: The net number of international migrants during the period divided by the average population of the country, expressed in per thousand population.

Percentage of total population: The total population of a country as a percentage of the total population in the world.

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant)

Total population (thousands) with migration: De facto projected total population for 2050 according to the official United Nations medium variant projection, in thousands.

Total population (thousands) without migration: De facto projected total population for 2050 according to the official United Nations medium variant projection, assuming zero net international migration for each country or area for the period 2010-2050, in thousands.

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. Extended Dataset: Disk 1. Sales No. E.09.XII.6. See: www.unpopulation.org.

States parties to United Nations legal instruments (as of 1 July 2009)

The United Nations instruments listed in the Annex of this report are: the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees; the 1967 Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees; and the 1990 International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of their Families. In addition, two Protocols relevant to international migration supplement the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, namely: the 2000 Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children and the 2000 Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air. Ratification includes acceptance, approval, accession or succession. Ratification is the act whereby a State indicates its consent to being bound to a treaty if the parties intend to show their consent by such an act. The table in the Annex indicates whether a State has ratified the relevant international instrument and, if so, the year of ratification.

Source: United Nations Treaty Collection. See: http://treaties.un.org (as of 1 July 2009).

56 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009

VII. PROFILES BY MAJOR AREA, REGION AND SPECIAL GROUP World

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 155 518 165 969 178 499 195 245 213 944 Males (thousands) 79 132 84 208 90 242 99 171 109 149 Females (thousands) 76 386 81 761 88 256 96 074 104 795 Percentage of female migrants 49. 1 49. 3 49. 4 49. 2 49. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.9 2.9 2.9 3. 0 3. 1 Annual rate of change 1. 3 1. 5 1. 8 1. 8 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 5 2. 0 2. 2 1. 7 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 15 142 17 670 22 050 24 360

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 18 481 18 498 15 646 13 852 16 346 Percentage of international migrants 11. 9 11. 1 8. 8 7. 1 7. 6 Percentage of total refugee population 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 Annual rate of change 0. 0 -3. 3 -2. 4 3. 3

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 68 502 101 561 131 519 270 504 380 050 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 3 0. 3 0. 4 0. 6 0. 7

Population Total (thousands) 5 290 452 5 713 073 6 115 367 6 512 276 6 908 688 Males (thousands) 2 665 038 2 879 035 3 082 319 3 282 865 3 482 894 Females (thousands) 2 625 413 2 834 038 3 033 048 3 229 412 3 425 794 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 15. 4 13. 6 12. 6 11. 8 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 15. 4 13. 6 12. 6 11. 8 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) — — — — Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population — — — — Percentage of total population 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 9 149 984 9 150 481

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 250,000 5.0 2.5 4.5 200,000 2.0 4.0 150,000 1.5 3.5 100,000 3.0 1.0 Thousands Percentage 50,000 0.5

2.5 of change Rate

0 2.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens. b Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees. c Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

58 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 More developed regions

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 82 355 94 123 104 434 117 188 127 711 Males (thousands) 39 571 45 462 50 340 56 696 61 975 Females (thousands) 42 784 48 662 54 094 60 492 65 736 Percentage of female migrants 52. 0 51. 7 51. 8 51. 6 51. 5 Percentage of total migrant stock 53. 0 56. 7 58. 5 60. 0 59. 7 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 7.2 8.0 8.7 9. 6 10. 3 Annual rate of change 2. 7 2. 1 2. 3 1. 7 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 3 2. 3 2. 5 1. 8 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 14 884 13 808 16 544 14 715

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 2 010 3 871 3 198 2 528 2 371 Percentage of international migrants 2. 4 4. 1 3. 1 2. 2 1. 9 Percentage of total refugee population 10. 9 20. 9 20. 4 18. 3 14. 5 Annual rate of change 13. 1 -3. 8 -4. 7 -1. 3

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 35 500 46 524 53 537 98 732 134 457 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3

Population Total (thousands) 1 147 345 1 174 680 1 194 967 1 216 550 1 237 228 Males (thousands) 556 199 569 832 579 848 590 494 601 110 Females (thousands) 591 146 604 848 615 119 626 056 636 118 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 4. 7 3. 4 3. 6 3. 4 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 2. 4 1. 2 0. 9 1. 2 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 2719. 1 2675. 3 3186. 3 2700. 5 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 2. 4 2. 3 2. 7 2. 2 Percentage of total population 21. 7 20. 6 19. 5 18. 7 17. 9

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 1 275 243 1 145 074

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 140,000 11.0 3.0 120,000 10.0 2.5 100,000 2.0 80,000 9.0 1.5 60,000 8.0 40,000 1.0 Thousands 7.0 Percentage

20,000 of change Rate 0.5 0 6.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 59 International Migration Report 2009 Less developed regions

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 73 163 71 845 74 065 78 057 86 232 Males (thousands) 39 561 38 746 39 903 42 476 47 174 Females (thousands) 33 602 33 100 34 162 35 582 39 059 Percentage of female migrants 45. 9 46. 1 46. 1 45. 6 45. 3 Percentage of total migrant stock 47. 0 43. 3 41. 5 40. 0 40. 3 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.8 1.6 1.5 1. 5 1. 5 Annual rate of change -0. 4 0. 6 1. 1 2. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 2 1. 5 1. 6 1. 6 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 064 4 486 6 116 10 283

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 16 471 14 627 12 447 11 324 13 975 Percentage of international migrants 22. 5 20. 4 16. 8 14. 5 16. 2 Percentage of total refugee population 89. 1 79. 1 79. 6 81. 7 85. 5 Annual rate of change -2. 4 -3. 2 -1. 9 4. 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 33 002 55 037 77 983 171 772 245 593 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 9 1. 0 1. 2 1. 6 1. 7

Population Total (thousands) 4 143 107 4 538 393 4 920 400 5 295 726 5 671 460 Males (thousands) 2 108 839 2 309 203 2 502 471 2 692 371 2 881 784 Females (thousands) 2 034 267 2 229 190 2 417 929 2 603 355 2 789 676 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 18. 2 16. 2 14. 7 13. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 18. 8 16. 7 15. 3 14. 2 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -2719. 1 -2675. 3 -3186. 3 -2700. 5 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 7 -0. 6 -0. 6 -0. 5 Percentage of total population 78. 3 79. 4 80. 5 81. 3 82. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 7 874 742 8 005 407

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 100,000 4.0 2.5 80,000 3.5 2.0 3.0 60,000 1.5 2.5 1.0 40,000 2.0 0.5 Thousands 20,000 Percentage

1.5 of change Rate 0.0 0 1.0 -0.5 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

60 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Least developed countries

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 11 119 12 721 10 884 10 908 11 531 Males (thousands) 5 929 6 661 5 728 5 741 6 060 Females (thousands) 5 190 6 060 5 156 5 167 5 472 Percentage of female migrants 46. 7 47. 6 47. 4 47. 4 47. 4 Percentage of total migrant stock 7. 1 7. 7 6. 1 5. 6 5. 4 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.1 2.1 1.6 1. 4 1. 3 Annual rate of change 2. 7 -3. 1 0. 0 1. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 4 1. 9 1. 8 1. 8 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 2 250 -1141 542 1 090

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 4 805 5 585 3 052 2 336 2 145 Percentage of international migrants 43. 2 43. 9 28. 0 21. 4 18. 6 Percentage of total refugee population 26. 0 30. 2 19. 5 16. 9 13. 1 Annual rate of change 3. 0 -12. 1 -5. 3 -1. 7

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 3 555 4 040 6 060 11 907 17 334 Percentage of gross domestic product 2. 3 2. 7 3. 4 3. 9 4. 1

Population Total (thousands) 524 764 599 098 676 929 761 846 854 696 Males (thousands) 261 804 298 755 337 496 379 959 426 567 Females (thousands) 262 960 300 344 339 433 381 888 428 129 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 26. 5 24. 4 23. 6 23. 0 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 26. 1 25. 1 24. 3 23. 4 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 220. 5 -469. 0 -474. 7 -314. 6 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 0. 4 -0. 8 -0. 7 -0. 4 Percentage of total population 9. 9 10. 5 11. 1 11. 7 12. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 1 672 414 1 697 457

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 13,000 4.0 3.0 12,500 3.5 2.0 12,000 3.0 1.0 11,500 0.0 2.5 11,000 -1.0 10,500 2.0 Thousands Percentage -2.0

1.5 of change Rate 10,000 -3.0 9,500 1.0 -4.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 61 International Migration Report 2009 Less developed regions, excluding least developed countries

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 62 044 59 124 63 181 67 149 74 701 Males (thousands) 33 632 32 085 34 175 36 734 41 114 Females (thousands) 28 412 27 039 29 006 30 415 33 587 Percentage of female migrants 45. 8 45. 7 45. 9 45. 3 45. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 39. 9 35. 6 35. 4 34. 4 34. 9 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.7 1.5 1.5 1. 5 1. 6 Annual rate of change -1. 0 1. 3 1. 2 2. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 1 1. 4 1. 6 1. 6 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -1186 5 627 5 574 9 193

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 11 666 9 042 9 396 8 989 11 830 Percentage of international migrants 18. 8 15. 3 14. 9 13. 4 15. 8 Percentage of total refugee population 63. 1 48. 9 60. 1 64. 9 72. 4 Annual rate of change -5. 1 0. 8 -0. 9 5. 5

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 29 447 50 997 71 923 159 865 228 259 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 8 0. 9 1. 1 1. 6 1. 6

Population Total (thousands) 3 618 343 3 939 294 4 243 472 4 533 880 4 816 763 Males (thousands) 1 847 036 2 010 448 2 164 975 2 312 412 2 455 216 Females (thousands) 1 771 307 1 928 846 2 078 496 2 221 467 2 361 547 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 17. 0 14. 9 13. 2 12. 1 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 17. 8 15. 4 13. 9 12. 6 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -2939. 6 -2206. 3 -2711. 6 -2385. 9 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 8 -0. 6 -0. 6 -0. 5 Percentage of total population 68. 4 69. 0 69. 4 69. 6 69. 7

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 6 202 328 6 307 950

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 80,000 4.0 2.5 70,000 3.5 2.0 60,000 1.5 3.0 50,000 1.0 40,000 2.5 0.5 30,000 2.0 0.0 Thousands 20,000 Percentage -0.5

1.5 of change Rate 10,000 -1.0 0 1.0 -1.5 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

62 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Sub-Saharan Africa

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 14 967 16 847 15 991 16 539 18 007 Males (thousands) 8 008 8 850 8 461 8 737 9 505 Females (thousands) 6 960 7 996 7 530 7 802 8 501 Percentage of female migrants 46. 5 47. 5 47. 1 47. 2 47. 2 Percentage of total migrant stock 9. 6 10. 2 9. 0 8. 5 8. 4 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.9 2.8 2.4 2. 2 2. 1 Annual rate of change 2. 4 -1. 0 0. 7 1. 7 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 8 3. 3 1. 9 2. 4 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 2 673 34 1 346 2 245

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 5 179 6 147 3 388 2 660 2 377 Percentage of international migrants 34. 6 36. 5 21. 2 16. 1 13. 2 Percentage of total refugee population 28. 0 33. 2 21. 7 19. 2 14. 5 Annual rate of change 3. 4 -11. 9 -4. 8 -2. 3

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 1 780 3 205 4 623 9 406 18 615 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 6 1. 0 1. 3 1. 5 2. 2

Population Total (thousands) 518 053 593 183 674 842 764 328 863 314 Males (thousands) 257 033 294 447 335 211 380 230 430 132 Females (thousands) 261 021 298 736 339 631 384 098 433 182 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 27. 1 25. 8 24. 9 24. 4 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 27. 3 26. 1 25. 3 24. 8 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -148. 6 -212. 1 -318. 9 -360. 5 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 3 -0. 4 -0. 5 -0. 5 Percentage of total population 9. 8 10. 4 11. 0 11. 7 12. 5

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 1 753 272 1 769 641

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 20,000 4.0 4.0 3.5 3.0 15,000 3.0 2.0 10,000 2.5 1.0 2.0 0.0 Thousands 5,000 Percentage

1.5 of change Rate -1.0 0 1.0 -2.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 63 International Migration Report 2009 Africa

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 15 973 17 921 17 062 17 736 19 263 Males (thousands) 8 595 9 481 9 095 9 445 10 253 Females (thousands) 7 378 8 441 7 967 8 291 9 010 Percentage of female migrants 46. 2 47. 1 46. 7 46. 7 46. 8 Percentage of total migrant stock 10. 3 10. 8 9. 6 9. 1 9. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.5 2.5 2.1 1. 9 1. 9 Annual rate of change 2. 3 -1. 0 0. 8 1. 7 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 7 3. 1 1. 9 2. 4 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 2 764 51 1 491 2 327

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 5 350 6 363 3 575 2 895 2 568 Percentage of international migrants 33. 5 35. 5 21. 0 16. 3 13. 3 Percentage of total refugee population 29. 0 34. 4 22. 9 20. 9 15. 7 Annual rate of change 3. 5 -11. 5 -4. 2 -2. 4

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 8 973 10 201 11 231 22 481 36 853 Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 8 2. 0 1. 9 2. 3 2. 8

Population Total (thousands) 638 729 726 285 819 462 921 073 1 033 043 Males (thousands) 317 784 361 439 407 922 458 922 515 266 Females (thousands) 320 945 364 845 411 540 462 151 517 777 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 25. 7 24. 1 23. 4 22. 9 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 26. 2 24. 7 23. 9 23. 5 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -352. 7 -451. 2 -510. 5 -532. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 6 -0. 6 -0. 6 -0. 6 Percentage of total population 12. 1 12. 7 13. 4 14. 1 15. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 1 998 466 2 023 588

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 25,000 4.0 4.0 20,000 3.5 3.0 3.0 15,000 2.0 2.5 1.0 10,000 2.0 0.0 Thousands 5,000 Percentage

1.5 of change Rate -1.0 0 1.0 -2.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

64 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Eastern Africa

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 5 950 5 347 5 220 5 124 5 034 Males (thousands) 3 104 2 745 2 657 2 590 2 538 Females (thousands) 2 846 2 602 2 563 2 534 2 496 Percentage of female migrants 47. 8 48. 7 49. 1 49. 4 49. 6 Percentage of total migrant stock 3. 8 3. 2 2. 9 2. 6 2. 4 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.1 2.4 2.1 1. 8 1. 5 Annual rate of change -2. 1 -0. 5 -0. 4 -0. 4 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 6 2. 5 0. 4 0. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -247 176 184 152

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 3 315 2 187 1 639 1 465 1 281 Percentage of international migrants 55. 7 40. 9 31. 4 28. 6 25. 5 Percentage of total refugee population 17. 9 11. 8 10. 5 10. 6 7. 8 Annual rate of change -8. 3 -5. 8 -2. 2 -2. 7

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 244 578 1 085 1 726 2 901 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 4 1. 0 1. 6 1. 9 2. 3

Population Total (thousands) 192 959 219 874 252 710 287 413 327 186 Males (thousands) 95 406 108 694 124 986 142 393 162 427 Females (thousands) 97 553 111 180 127 724 145 020 164 759 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 26. 1 27. 8 25. 7 25. 9 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 28. 0 27. 2 26. 6 26. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -393. 9 131. 1 -255. 9 -323. 9 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -2. 0 0. 6 -1. 0 -1. 1 Percentage of total population 3. 6 3. 8 4. 1 4. 4 4. 7

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 711 430 716 933

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 6,200 4.0 4.0 6,000 3.5 3.0 5,800 5,600 3.0 2.0 5,400 1.0 2.5 5,200 0.0 5,000 2.0 Thousands 4,800 Percentage -1.0

1.5 of change Rate 4,600 -2.0 4,400 1.0 -3.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 65 International Migration Report 2009 Middle Africa

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 1 456 2 651 1 392 1 567 1 615 Males (thousands) 742 1 316 715 806 832 Females (thousands) 714 1 335 677 761 783 Percentage of female migrants 49. 0 50. 4 48. 6 48. 6 48. 5 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 9 1. 6 0. 8 0. 8 0. 8 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.0 3.1 1.4 1. 4 1. 3 Annual rate of change 12. 0 -12. 9 2. 4 0. 6 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 0 -2. 3 1. 6 1. 7 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 279 -1086 254 136

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 447 1 694 539 642 609 Percentage of international migrants 30. 7 63. 9 38. 7 41. 0 37. 7 Percentage of total refugee population 2. 4 9. 2 3. 4 4. 6 3. 7 Annual rate of change 26. 7 -22. 9 3. 5 -1. 1

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 23 19 28 101 195 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 2

Population Total (thousands) 72 813 86 424 98 060 113 185 128 909 Males (thousands) 35 939 42 718 48 520 56 085 63 950 Females (thousands) 36 873 43 706 49 539 57 100 64 960 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 34. 3 25. 3 28. 7 26. 0 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 30. 7 28. 5 28. 4 26. 2 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 277. 7 -297. 2 24. 3 -30. 2 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 3. 8 -3. 4 0. 2 -0. 3 Percentage of total population 1. 4 1. 5 1. 6 1. 7 1. 9

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 272 969 274 344

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 3,000 4.0 15.0 2,500 3.5 10.0 2,000 3.0 5.0 1,500 2.5 0.0 1,000 2.0 -5.0 Thousands Percentage

500 1.5 of change Rate -10.0 0 1.0 -15.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

66 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Northern Africa

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 2 278 2 186 1 925 1 836 2 010 Males (thousands) 1 242 1 203 1 075 1 039 1 138 Females (thousands) 1 037 983 850 797 872 Percentage of female migrants 45. 5 45. 0 44. 2 43. 4 43. 4 Percentage of total migrant stock 1. 5 1. 3 1. 1 0. 9 0. 9 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.5 1.3 1.1 0. 9 0. 9 Annual rate of change -0. 8 -2. 5 -0. 9 1. 8 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 0 1. 0 1. 8 2. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -9 -192 -34 220

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 1 071 916 590 379 401 Percentage of international migrants 47. 0 41. 9 30. 7 20. 6 19. 9 Percentage of total refugee population 5. 8 5. 0 3. 8 2. 7 2. 5 Annual rate of change -3. 1 -8. 8 -8. 9 1. 1

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 7 255 7 342 7 249 14 091 20 007 Percentage of gross domestic product 3. 9 3. 6 2. 8 3. 9 4. 1

Population Total (thousands) 147 767 163 943 179 525 195 444 212 921 Males (thousands) 74 363 82 501 90 273 98 171 106 883 Females (thousands) 73 404 81 442 89 252 97 273 106 037 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 20. 8 18. 2 17. 0 17. 1 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 22. 3 19. 8 18. 6 17. 8 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -237. 8 -284. 4 -298. 0 -144. 5 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 6 -1. 7 -1. 7 -0. 7 Percentage of total population 2. 8 2. 9 2. 9 3. 0 3. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 321 077 329 897

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 2,500 3.0 3.0 2,000 2.5 2.0 2.0 1,500 1.0 1.5 0.0 1,000 1.0 -1.0 Thousands 500 Percentage

0.5 of change Rate -2.0 0 0.0 -3.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 67 International Migration Report 2009 Southern Africa

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 1 444 1 296 1 246 1 505 2 163 Males (thousands) 886 779 733 870 1 227 Females (thousands) 557 517 513 636 936 Percentage of female migrants 38. 6 39. 9 41. 2 42. 2 43. 3 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 9 0. 8 0. 7 0. 8 1. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.4 2.7 2.4 2. 7 3. 7 Annual rate of change -2. 2 -0. 8 3. 8 7. 3 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -3. 2 0. 2 3. 8 7. 4 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -101 -2 321 738

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 42 99 35 42 45 Percentage of international migrants 2. 9 7. 6 2. 8 2. 8 2. 1 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 2 0. 5 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3 Annual rate of change 17. 2 -20. 6 3. 7 1. 4

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 776 674 705 1 223 1 535 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 7 0. 4 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5

Population Total (thousands) 41 980 47 240 51 387 55 041 57 968 Males (thousands) 20 689 23 209 25 209 27 047 28 557 Females (thousands) 21 292 24 031 26 178 27 994 29 411 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 23. 6 16. 8 13. 7 10. 4 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 20. 1 16. 1 11. 3 8. 0 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 155. 7 33. 7 127. 4 134. 4 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 3. 7 0. 7 2. 5 2. 4 Percentage of total population 0. 8 0. 8 0. 8 0. 8 0. 8

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 67 388 68 065

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 2,500 5.0 8.0 2,000 4.5 6.0 4.0 1,500 4.0 3.5 2.0 1,000 3.0 0.0 Thousands 500 Percentage

2.5 of change Rate -2.0 0 2.0 -4.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

68 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Western Africa

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 4 845 6 441 7 279 7 703 8 440 Males (thousands) 2 621 3 438 3 915 4 140 4 518 Females (thousands) 2 224 3 003 3 364 3 563 3 923 Percentage of female migrants 45. 9 46. 6 46. 2 46. 3 46. 5 Percentage of total migrant stock 3. 1 3. 9 4. 1 3. 9 3. 9 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.6 3.1 3.1 2. 9 2. 8 Annual rate of change 5. 7 2. 4 1. 1 1. 8 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 6 5. 4 2. 4 2. 2 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 842 1 155 766 1 082

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 476 1 467 772 366 231 Percentage of international migrants 9. 8 22. 8 10. 6 4. 8 2. 7 Percentage of total refugee population 2. 6 7. 9 4. 9 2. 6 1. 4 Annual rate of change 22. 5 -12. 8 -14. 9 -9. 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 675 1 588 2 164 5 340 12 216 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 9 2. 2 2. 6 3. 0 4. 7

Population Total (thousands) 183 210 208 805 237 781 269 990 306 058 Males (thousands) 91 387 104 317 118 934 135 226 153 449 Females (thousands) 91 824 104 487 118 848 134 763 152 609 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 26. 2 26. 0 25. 4 25. 1 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 26. 9 26. 1 25. 8 25. 6 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -154. 3 -34. 3 -108. 4 -167. 9 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 8 -0. 2 -0. 5 -0. 6 Percentage of total population 3. 5 3. 7 3. 9 4. 1 4. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 625 601 634 350

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 10,000 5.0 6.0 8,000 4.5 5.0 4.0 6,000 4.0 3.5 3.0 4,000 3.0 2.0 Thousands 2,000 Percentage

2.5 of change Rate 1.0 0 2.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 69 International Migration Report 2009 Asia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 50 876 48 768 51 915 55 128 61 324 Males (thousands) 27 782 26 661 28 204 30 342 33 978 Females (thousands) 23 093 22 107 23 711 24 786 27 346 Percentage of female migrants 45. 4 45. 3 45. 7 45. 0 44. 6 Percentage of total migrant stock 32. 7 29. 4 29. 1 28. 2 28. 7 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.6 1.4 1.4 1. 4 1. 5 Annual rate of change -0. 8 1. 3 1. 2 2. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 2 1. 2 1. 6 1. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -1498 3 764 3 802 6 769

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 9 922 8 159 8 820 8 385 10 870 Percentage of international migrants 19. 5 16. 7 17. 0 15. 2 17. 7 Percentage of total refugee population 53. 7 44. 1 56. 4 60. 5 66. 5 Annual rate of change -3. 9 1. 6 -1. 0 5. 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 18 141 32 439 47 849 98 512 145 200 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 4 0. 4 0. 6 0. 9 1. 1

Population Total (thousands) 3 178 810 3 448 034 3 698 296 3 936 536 4 166 741 Males (thousands) 1 628 298 1 766 256 1 894 173 2 015 864 2 132 626 Females (thousands) 1 550 512 1 681 778 1 804 122 1 920 672 2 034 116 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 16. 3 14. 0 12. 5 11. 4 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 16. 7 14. 4 12. 9 11. 6 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -1572. 8 -1432. 0 -1495. 9 -1075. 7 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 5 -0. 4 -0. 4 -0. 3 Percentage of total population 60. 1 60. 4 60. 5 60. 4 60. 3

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 5 231 485 5 297 198

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 70,000 4.0 2.5 60,000 3.5 2.0 50,000 3.0 1.5 40,000 1.0 2.5 30,000 0.5 20,000 2.0 Thousands Percentage 0.0

1.5 of change Rate 10,000 -0.5 0 1.0 -1.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

70 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Central Asia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 6 628 5 815 5 182 5 060 4 970 Males (thousands) 2 971 2 606 2 313 2 262 2 226 Females (thousands) 3 657 3 210 2 869 2 798 2 744 Percentage of female migrants 55. 2 55. 2 55. 4 55. 3 55. 2 Percentage of total migrant stock 4. 3 3. 5 2. 9 2. 6 2. 3 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 13.1 10.9 9.4 8. 7 8. 1 Annual rate of change -2. 6 -2. 3 -0. 5 -0. 4 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -2. 8 -2. 4 -0. 5 -0. 1 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -599 -426 50 84

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 53 74 73 8 Percentage of international migrants — 0. 9 1. 4 1. 4 0. 2 Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 3 0. 5 0. 5 0. 0 Annual rate of change — 6. 8 -0. 4 -44. 8

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 117 131 967 2 629 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 3 0. 3 1. 2 1. 9

Population Total (thousands) 50 411 53 400 55 362 58 114 61 349 Males (thousands) 24 737 26 280 27 247 28 549 30 093 Females (thousands) 25 674 27 120 28 115 29 565 31 256 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 11. 5 7. 2 9. 7 10. 8 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 20. 6 15. 1 13. 4 13. 5 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -473. 7 -426. 1 -209. 0 -160. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -9. 4 -8. 0 -3. 8 -2. 8 Percentage of total population 1. 0 0. 9 0. 9 0. 9 0. 9

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 79 076 84 266

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 7,000 14.0 0.0 6,000 13.0 -0.5 5,000 12.0 -1.0 4,000 11.0 3,000 10.0 -1.5 2,000 9.0 -2.0 Thousands Percentage

1,000 8.0 of change Rate -2.5 0 7.0 -3.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 71 International Migration Report 2009 Eastern Asia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 4 484 5 083 5 716 6 185 6 485 Males (thousands) 2 287 2 514 2 691 2 820 2 920 Females (thousands) 2 197 2 569 3 025 3 366 3 565 Percentage of female migrants 49. 0 50. 5 52. 9 54. 4 55. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 2. 9 3. 1 3. 2 3. 2 3. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.3 0.4 0.4 0. 4 0. 4 Annual rate of change 2. 5 2. 3 1. 6 0. 9 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 7 2. 5 1. 6 1. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 697 747 600 461

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 303 295 299 304 304 Percentage of international migrants 6. 8 5. 8 5. 2 4. 9 4. 7 Percentage of total refugee population 1. 6 1. 6 1. 9 2. 2 1. 9 Annual rate of change -0. 5 0. 2 0. 4 -0. 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 1 247 3 284 8 501 23 330 36 448 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 3 0. 4

Population Total (thousands) 1 336 700 1 411 675 1 472 444 1 520 717 1 563 951 Males (thousands) 685 250 724 877 756 963 782 678 805 489 Females (thousands) 651 449 686 798 715 481 738 039 758 462 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 10. 9 8. 4 6. 5 5. 6 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 11. 0 8. 5 6. 7 5. 8 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -168. 0 -108. 1 -374. 2 -291. 5 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 3 -0. 2 Percentage of total population 25. 3 24. 7 24. 1 23. 4 22. 6

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 1 600 005 1 609 999

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 7,000 3.0 3.0 6,000 2.5 2.5 5,000 2.0 2.0 4,000 1.5 3,000 1.5 2,000 1.0 1.0 Thousands Percentage

1,000 0.5 of change Rate 0.5 0 0.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

72 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 South-Eastern Asia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 3 060 3 552 4 838 5 624 6 715 Males (thousands) 1 590 1 832 2 463 2 860 3 384 Females (thousands) 1 470 1 720 2 375 2 764 3 331 Percentage of female migrants 48. 0 48. 4 49. 1 49. 1 49. 6 Percentage of total migrant stock 2. 0 2. 1 2. 7 2. 9 3. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.7 0.7 0.9 1. 0 1. 1 Annual rate of change 3. 0 6. 2 3. 0 3. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 7 5. 6 3. 8 3. 6 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 561 1 363 890 1 212

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 210 130 311 151 167 Percentage of international migrants 6. 9 3. 6 6. 4 2. 7 2. 5 Percentage of total refugee population 1. 1 0. 7 2. 0 1. 1 1. 0 Annual rate of change -9. 7 17. 5 -14. 4 2. 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 2 946 8 537 10 306 25 785 31 893 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 8 1. 3 1. 7 2. 9 2. 5

Population Total (thousands) 439 591 479 834 517 193 554 079 589 615 Males (thousands) 218 753 238 788 257 348 275 643 293 372 Females (thousands) 220 838 241 046 259 845 278 437 296 243 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 17. 5 15. 0 13. 8 12. 4 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 18. 4 15. 7 14. 3 12. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -393. 9 -353. 8 -292. 0 -293. 3 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 9 -0. 7 -0. 6 -0. 5 Percentage of total population 8. 3 8. 4 8. 5 8. 5 8. 5

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 765 966 784 539

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 8,000 3.0 7.0 7,000 2.5 6.0 6,000 5.0 5,000 2.0 4.0 4,000 1.5 3.0 3,000 1.0 Thousands 2,000 Percentage 2.0

0.5 of change Rate 1,000 1.0 0 0.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 73 International Migration Report 2009 Southern Asia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 20 196 16 272 15 669 13 847 14 304 Males (thousands) 11 141 8 958 8 635 7 636 7 925 Females (thousands) 9 055 7 314 7 035 6 211 6 379 Percentage of female migrants 44. 8 44. 9 44. 9 44. 9 44. 6 Percentage of total migrant stock 13. 0 9. 8 8. 8 7. 1 6. 7 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.7 1.2 1.1 0. 9 0. 8 Annual rate of change -4. 3 -0. 8 -2. 5 0. 6 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 2 -1. 0 -0. 9 -0. 8 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -3220 -83 -1363 841

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 6 907 3 753 3 780 2 496 3 397 Percentage of international migrants 34. 2 23. 1 24. 1 18. 0 23. 8 Percentage of total refugee population 37. 4 20. 3 24. 2 18. 0 20. 8 Annual rate of change -12. 2 0. 1 -8. 3 6. 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 5 572 11 605 17 748 34 124 56 605 Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 1 1. 9 2. 5 2. 8 3. 3

Population Total (thousands) 1 200 043 1 332 535 1 462 960 1 592 522 1 719 123 Males (thousands) 621 737 688 818 754 941 820 466 884 078 Females (thousands) 578 306 643 717 708 019 772 056 835 045 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 20. 9 18. 7 17. 0 15. 3 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 21. 3 19. 1 17. 5 15. 6 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -485. 2 -582. 5 -834. 7 -575. 1 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 4 -0. 4 -0. 6 -0. 4 Percentage of total population 22. 7 23. 3 23. 9 24. 5 24. 9

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 2 414 606 2 450 953

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 25,000 3.0 1.0 20,000 2.5 0.0 2.0 15,000 -1.0 1.5 -2.0 10,000 1.0 -3.0 Thousands 5,000 Percentage

0.5 of change Rate -4.0 0 0.0 -5.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

74 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Western Asia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 16 508 18 046 20 509 24 413 28 850 Males (thousands) 9 793 10 751 12 103 14 765 17 523 Females (thousands) 6 715 7 295 8 407 9 648 11 327 Percentage of female migrants 40. 7 40. 4 41. 0 39. 5 39. 3 Percentage of total migrant stock 10. 6 10. 9 11. 5 12. 5 13. 5 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 10.9 10.6 10.8 11. 6 12. 4 Annual rate of change 1. 8 2. 6 3. 5 3. 3 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 2 2. 7 3. 3 2. 7 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 062 2 164 3 625 4 170

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 2 502 3 928 4 356 5 361 6 993 Percentage of international migrants 15. 2 21. 8 21. 2 22. 0 24. 2 Percentage of total refugee population 13. 5 21. 2 27. 8 38. 7 42. 8 Annual rate of change 9. 0 2. 1 4. 2 5. 3

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 8 376 8 896 11 163 14 306 17 626 Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 8 1. 6 1. 5 1. 1 1. 0

Population Total (thousands) 152 066 170 590 190 336 211 104 232 702 Males (thousands) 77 821 87 494 97 674 108 529 119 592 Females (thousands) 74 245 83 097 92 662 102 575 113 110 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 23. 0 21. 9 20. 7 19. 5 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 23. 3 21. 7 19. 6 18. 4 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -52. 0 38. 5 214. 0 244. 3 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 3 0. 2 1. 1 1. 2 Percentage of total population 2. 9 3. 0 3. 1 3. 2 3. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 371 833 367 441

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 35,000 13.0 4.0 30,000 12.5 3.5 3.0 25,000 12.0 20,000 2.5 11.5 15,000 2.0 1.5 10,000 11.0 Thousands Percentage 1.0

10.5 of change Rate 5,000 0.5 0 10.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 75 International Migration Report 2009 Europe

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 49 401 54 718 57 639 64 399 69 819 Males (thousands) 23 352 26 026 27 208 30 609 33 282 Females (thousands) 26 049 28 691 30 431 33 790 36 537 Percentage of female migrants 52. 7 52. 4 52. 8 52. 5 52. 3 Percentage of total migrant stock 31. 8 33. 0 32. 3 33. 0 32. 6 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 6.9 7.5 7.9 8. 8 9. 5 Annual rate of change 2. 0 1. 0 2. 2 1. 6 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 5 1. 3 2. 5 1. 8 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 7 427 5 292 9 205 8 098

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 1 318 3 005 2 487 1 912 1 593 Percentage of international migrants 2. 7 5. 5 4. 3 3. 0 2. 3 Percentage of total refugee population 7. 1 16. 2 15. 9 13. 8 9. 7 Annual rate of change 16. 5 -3. 8 -5. 3 -3. 6

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 31 198 39 685 46 973 91 033 125 429 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 4 0. 4 0. 5 0. 6 0. 7

Population Total (thousands) 720 989 727 361 726 568 729 421 732 759 Males (thousands) 346 781 350 109 349 618 350 928 352 809 Females (thousands) 374 209 377 252 376 950 378 493 379 950 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 1. 8 -0. 2 0. 8 0. 9 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 0. 3 -1. 4 -1. 5 -0. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 1080. 7 822. 6 1668. 7 1340. 6 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 1. 5 1. 1 2. 3 1. 8 Percentage of total population 13. 6 12. 7 11. 9 11. 2 10. 6

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 691 048 640 032

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 80,000 10.0 3.0 70,000 9.5 2.5 60,000 9.0 50,000 8.5 2.0 40,000 8.0 1.5 30,000 7.5 1.0 Thousands 20,000 7.0 Percentage

10,000 6.5 of change Rate 0.5 0 6.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

76 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Eastern Europe

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 22 351 21 542 20 944 20 991 21 046 Males (thousands) 9 716 9 316 8 970 8 968 8 992 Females (thousands) 12 634 12 227 11 974 12 023 12 054 Percentage of female migrants 56. 5 56. 8 57. 2 57. 3 57. 3 Percentage of total migrant stock 14. 4 13. 0 11. 7 10. 8 9. 8 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 7.2 7.0 6.9 7. 1 7. 2 Annual rate of change -0. 7 -0. 6 0. 0 0. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 7 -0. 6 0. 1 0. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 266 519 1 212 1 194

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 36 33 67 25 35 Percentage of international migrants 0. 2 0. 2 0. 3 0. 1 0. 2 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 4 0. 2 0. 2 Annual rate of change -1. 6 13. 8 -19. 9 6. 9

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 3 635 4 102 21 513 37 582 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 5 0. 6 1. 3 1. 5

Population Total (thousands) 310 332 309 804 304 088 296 912 291 485 Males (thousands) 146 967 146 730 143 643 139 575 136 649 Females (thousands) 163 365 163 075 160 445 157 338 154 835 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -0. 3 -3. 7 -4. 8 -3. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population -1. 2 -4. 2 -4. 9 -3. 7 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 270. 7 152. 0 25. 5 -10. 2 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 0. 9 0. 5 0. 1 -0. 0 Percentage of total population 5. 9 5. 4 5. 0 4. 6 4. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 239 961 237 388

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 22,500 9.0 0.2 8.5 22,000 0.0 8.0 21,500 -0.2 7.5 21,000 7.0 -0.4 Thousands Percentage 20,500 -0.6

6.5 of change Rate

20,000 6.0 -0.8 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 77 International Migration Report 2009 Northern Europe

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 6 680 7 211 7 982 9 413 10 657 Males (thousands) 3 180 3 406 3 745 4 415 5 005 Females (thousands) 3 500 3 805 4 237 4 998 5 652 Percentage of female migrants 52. 4 52. 8 53. 1 53. 1 53. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 4. 3 4. 3 4. 5 4. 8 5. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 7.3 7.7 8.5 9. 8 10. 8 Annual rate of change 1. 5 2. 0 3. 3 2. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 1 2. 0 3. 4 2. 7 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 812 1 068 1 739 1 589

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 223 402 458 493 467 Percentage of international migrants 3. 3 5. 6 5. 7 5. 2 4. 4 Percentage of total refugee population 1. 2 2. 2 2. 9 3. 6 2. 9 Annual rate of change 11. 8 2. 6 1. 5 -1. 1

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 2 821 4 005 5 975 10 758 14 453 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 2 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3

Population Total (thousands) 92 121 93 261 94 359 96 439 98 909 Males (thousands) 44 827 45 376 45 978 47 164 48 538 Females (thousands) 47 294 47 885 48 381 49 275 50 370 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 2. 5 2. 3 4. 4 5. 1 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 2. 2 1. 0 1. 3 2. 1 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 23. 3 121. 6 296. 3 285. 8 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 0. 3 1. 3 3. 1 3. 0 Percentage of total population 1. 7 1. 6 1. 5 1. 5 1. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 112 524 97 868

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 12,000 11.0 4.0 10,000 10.5 3.5 10.0 3.0 8,000 9.5 2.5 6,000 9.0 2.0 4,000 8.5 1.5 Thousands 8.0 Percentage 1.0

2,000 of change Rate 7.5 0.5 0 7.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

78 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Southern Europe

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 4 139 5 965 7 256 11 294 14 664 Males (thousands) 1 955 2 833 3 493 5 616 7 318 Females (thousands) 2 184 3 132 3 763 5 678 7 346 Percentage of female migrants 52. 8 52. 5 51. 9 50. 3 50. 1 Percentage of total migrant stock 2. 7 3. 6 4. 1 5. 8 6. 9 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.9 4.2 5.0 7. 5 9. 5 Annual rate of change 7. 3 3. 9 8. 8 5. 2 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 4. 3 5. 3 10. 1 5. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 972 1 510 4 247 3 771

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 31 869 611 262 162 Percentage of international migrants 0. 7 14. 6 8. 4 2. 3 1. 1 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 2 4. 7 3. 9 1. 9 1. 0 Annual rate of change 67. 0 -7. 0 -17. 0 -9. 6

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 13 615 14 101 16 320 24 407 32 141 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 7 0. 7 0. 8 0. 7 0. 8

Population Total (thousands) 142 549 143 698 145 119 149 711 153 778 Males (thousands) 69 629 70 068 70 744 73 172 75 327 Females (thousands) 72 920 73 630 74 375 76 540 78 451 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 1. 6 2. 0 6. 2 5. 4 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 1. 2 0. 3 0. 4 0. 5 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 56. 9 239. 6 859. 3 738. 7 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 0. 4 1. 7 5. 9 4. 9 Percentage of total population 2. 7 2. 5 2. 4 2. 3 2. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 153 654 135 179

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 16,000 10.0 12.0 14,000 9.0 10.0 12,000 8.0 10,000 7.0 8.0 8,000 6.0 6.0 6,000 5.0 4.0 Thousands 4,000 4.0 Percentage

2,000 3.0 of change Rate 2.0 0 2.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 79 International Migration Report 2009 Western Europe

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 16 231 19 999 21 457 22 701 23 453 Males (thousands) 8 500 10 472 11 000 11 610 11 968 Females (thousands) 7 731 9 528 10 457 11 090 11 485 Percentage of female migrants 47. 6 47. 6 48. 7 48. 9 49. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 10. 4 12. 1 12. 0 11. 6 11. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 9.2 11.1 11.7 12. 2 12. 4 Annual rate of change 4. 2 1. 4 1. 1 0. 7 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 7 1. 9 1. 4 0. 9 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 4 377 2 195 2 007 1 544

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 1 028 1 700 1 352 1 133 930 Percentage of international migrants 6. 3 8. 5 6. 3 5. 0 4. 0 Percentage of total refugee population 5. 6 9. 2 8. 6 8. 2 5. 7 Annual rate of change 10. 1 -4. 6 -3. 5 -4. 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 14 762 17 944 20 576 34 355 41 254 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 4 0. 3 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5

Population Total (thousands) 175 986 180 598 183 001 186 358 188 587 Males (thousands) 85 356 87 935 89 252 91 018 92 294 Females (thousands) 90 630 92 663 93 749 95 340 96 294 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 5. 2 2. 6 3. 6 2. 4 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 1. 1 0. 9 1. 0 0. 6 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 729. 9 309. 4 487. 6 326. 3 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 4. 1 1. 7 2. 7 1. 8 Percentage of total population 3. 3 3. 2 3. 0 2. 9 2. 7

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 184 908 169 597

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 25,000 13.0 5.0 12.5 20,000 12.0 4.0 15,000 11.5 3.0 11.0 10,000 10.5 2.0 Thousands 10.0 Percentage 5,000 1.0 9.5 of change Rate 0 9.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

80 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Latin America and the Caribbean

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 7 130 6 234 6 471 6 869 7 480 Males (thousands) 3 587 3 125 3 232 3 431 3 735 Females (thousands) 3 544 3 108 3 239 3 439 3 746 Percentage of female migrants 49. 7 49. 9 50. 0 50. 1 50. 1 Percentage of total migrant stock 4. 6 3. 8 3. 6 3. 5 3. 5 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.6 1.3 1.2 1. 2 1. 3 Annual rate of change -2. 7 0. 7 1. 2 1. 7 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 7 0. 9 1. 2 0. 3 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -723 386 549 769

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 1 197 101 50 37 529 Percentage of international migrants 16. 8 1. 6 0. 8 0. 5 7. 1 Percentage of total refugee population 6. 5 0. 5 0. 3 0. 3 3. 2 Annual rate of change -49. 4 -14. 3 -5. 9 53. 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 5 781 13 438 20 157 50 398 63 435 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 5 0. 7 0. 9 1. 9 1. 8

Population Total (thousands) 442 310 482 265 521 228 556 512 588 649 Males (thousands) 219 858 239 284 258 212 275 175 290 636 Females (thousands) 222 452 242 982 263 016 281 337 298 013 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 17. 3 15. 5 13. 1 11. 2 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 18. 8 17. 1 15. 2 13. 1 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -686. 0 -764. 1 -1148. 6 -1049. 1 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 6 -1. 6 -2. 2 -1. 9 Percentage of total population 8. 4 8. 4 8. 5 8. 5 8. 5

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 729 184 765 594

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 8,000 4.0 2.0 7,000 3.5 6,000 1.0 3.0 5,000 0.0 4,000 2.5 3,000 2.0 -1.0 Thousands 2,000 Percentage -2.0 1,000 1.5 of change Rate 0 1.0 -3.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 81 International Migration Report 2009 Caribbean

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 1 057 1 140 1 233 1 319 1 379 Males (thousands) 557 594 635 678 707 Females (thousands) 500 546 598 640 672 Percentage of female migrants 47. 3 47. 9 48. 5 48. 6 48. 7 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 7 0. 7 0. 7 0. 7 0. 6 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.1 3.1 3.2 3. 3 3. 3 Annual rate of change 1. 5 1. 6 1. 3 0. 9 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 6 1. 6 1. 4 0. 9 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 111 122 117 95

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 7 3 2 1 1 Percentage of international migrants 0. 6 0. 3 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change -15. 4 -12. 2 -15. 9 -2. 8

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 747 1 731 3 514 5 931 7 278 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 8 1. 4 2. 2 2. 7 2. 9

Population Total (thousands) 34 384 36 640 38 650 40 566 42 312 Males (thousands) 17 101 18 205 19 169 20 103 20 954 Females (thousands) 17 283 18 435 19 481 20 463 21 357 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 12. 7 10. 7 9. 7 8. 4 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 15. 9 14. 0 12. 5 11. 4 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -111. 8 -123. 8 -111. 6 -124. 6 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -3. 3 -3. 4 -2. 9 -3. 1 Percentage of total population 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 49 491 54 983

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 1,600 5.0 2.0 1,400 4.5 1,200 1.5 1,000 4.0 800 3.5 1.0 600 3.0 Thousands 400 Percentage 0.5

200 2.5 of change Rate 0 2.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

82 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Central America

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 1 834 929 1 093 1 341 1 547 Males (thousands) 908 466 549 672 773 Females (thousands) 926 463 545 669 774 Percentage of female migrants 50. 5 49. 8 49. 8 49. 9 50. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 1. 2 0. 6 0. 6 0. 7 0. 7 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.6 0.7 0.8 0. 9 1. 0 Annual rate of change -13. 6 3. 3 4. 1 2. 9 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 4. 7 4. 3 4. 6 2. 6 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -867 181 266 229

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 1 162 81 40 18 38 Percentage of international migrants 63. 4 8. 7 3. 7 1. 3 2. 4 Percentage of total refugee population 6. 3 0. 4 0. 3 0. 1 0. 2 Annual rate of change -53. 3 -14. 0 -16. 2 14. 8

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 3 786 6 238 10 796 32 191 39 356 Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 3 1. 8 1. 7 3. 7 3. 9

Population Total (thousands) 112 363 124 004 135 171 144 288 153 115 Males (thousands) 55 838 61 493 66 920 71 175 75 361 Females (thousands) 56 525 62 511 68 250 73 113 77 755 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 19. 7 17. 2 13. 1 11. 9 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 23. 3 20. 6 18. 2 16. 1 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -427. 6 -430. 1 -721. 4 -634. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -3. 8 -3. 5 -5. 3 -4. 4 Percentage of total population 2. 1 2. 2 2. 2 2. 2 2. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 196 844 219 629

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 2,000 3.0 10.0 2.5 1,500 5.0 2.0 0.0 1,000 1.5 1.0 -5.0 Thousands 500 Percentage -10.0

0.5 of change Rate

0 0.0 -15.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 83 International Migration Report 2009 South America

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 4 240 4 164 4 145 4 210 4 554 Males (thousands) 2 122 2 065 2 048 2 080 2 254 Females (thousands) 2 118 2 099 2 096 2 129 2 300 Percentage of female migrants 50. 0 50. 4 50. 6 50. 6 50. 5 Percentage of total migrant stock 2. 7 2. 5 2. 3 2. 2 2. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.4 1.3 1.2 1. 1 1. 2 Annual rate of change -0. 4 -0. 1 0. 3 1. 6 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 3 -0. 0 0. 3 -0. 6 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 33 83 166 445

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 29 17 8 18 491 Percentage of international migrants 0. 7 0. 4 0. 2 0. 4 10. 8 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 2 0. 1 0. 0 0. 1 3. 0 Annual rate of change -9. 9 -16. 2 17. 1 65. 8

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 1 248 5 469 5 847 12 276 16 800 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 2 0. 4 0. 4 0. 8 0. 7

Population Total (thousands) 295 562 321 621 347 407 371 658 393 221 Males (thousands) 146 918 159 586 172 122 183 897 194 320 Females (thousands) 148 644 162 036 175 285 187 761 198 901 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 16. 9 15. 4 13. 5 11. 3 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 17. 4 16. 0 14. 4 12. 0 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -146. 6 -210. 2 -315. 6 -290. 6 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 5 -0. 7 -0. 9 -0. 8 Percentage of total population 5. 6 5. 6 5. 7 5. 7 5. 7

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 482 850 490 983

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 4,600 3.0 2.0 4,500 2.5 1.5 4,400 2.0 1.0 4,300 1.5 4,200 0.5 4,100 1.0 0.0 Thousands Percentage

4,000 0.5 of change Rate -0.5 3,900 0.0 -1.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

84 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Northern America

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 27 774 33 595 40 395 45 597 50 042 Males (thousands) 13 593 16 534 20 005 22 626 24 966 Females (thousands) 14 181 17 061 20 390 22 971 25 076 Percentage of female migrants 51. 1 50. 8 50. 5 50. 4 50. 1 Percentage of total migrant stock 17. 9 20. 2 22. 6 23. 4 23. 4 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 9.8 11.2 12.7 13. 6 14. 2 Annual rate of change 3. 8 3. 7 2. 4 1. 9 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 8 3. 8 2. 5 1. 8 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 6 687 7 770 6 377 5 760

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 583 797 640 544 726 Percentage of international migrants 2. 1 2. 4 1. 6 1. 2 1. 5 Percentage of total refugee population 3. 2 4. 3 4. 1 3. 9 4. 4 Annual rate of change 6. 2 -4. 4 -3. 2 5. 8

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 1 170 2 179 2 835 2 890 2 972 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Population Total (thousands) 282 688 300 073 318 654 335 175 351 659 Males (thousands) 138 798 147 396 156 842 165 214 173 646 Females (thousands) 143 890 152 677 161 812 169 961 178 013 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 11. 9 12. 0 10. 1 9. 6 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 7. 0 6. 4 6. 0 6. 0 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 1440. 8 1742. 0 1352. 5 1219. 9 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 5. 1 5. 8 4. 2 3. 6 Percentage of total population 5. 3 5. 3 5. 2 5. 1 5. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 448 464 378 282

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 60,000 15.0 5.0 50,000 14.0 4.0 40,000 13.0 3.0 30,000 12.0 20,000 11.0 2.0 Thousands Percentage 1.0

10,000 10.0 of change Rate

0 9.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 85 International Migration Report 2009 Oceania

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 4 365 4 733 5 016 5 516 6 015 Males (thousands) 2 223 2 381 2 497 2 719 2 935 Females (thousands) 2 142 2 352 2 518 2 797 3 080 Percentage of female migrants 49. 1 49. 7 50. 2 50. 7 51. 2 Percentage of total migrant stock 2. 8 2. 9 2. 8 2. 8 2. 8 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 16.2 16.3 16.1 16. 4 16. 8 Annual rate of change 1. 6 1. 2 1. 9 1. 7 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 8 1. 2 1. 9 1. 8 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 485 407 626 637

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 110 74 74 78 59 Percentage of international migrants 2. 5 1. 6 1. 5 1. 4 1. 0 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 6 0. 4 0. 5 0. 6 0. 4 Annual rate of change -8. 0 0. 0 1. 2 -5. 5

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 3 239 3 619 2 475 5 191 6 161 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 9 0. 8 0. 5 0. 6 0. 6

Population Total (thousands) 26 926 29 054 31 160 33 559 35 838 Males (thousands) 13 520 14 550 15 552 16 762 17 913 Females (thousands) 13 405 14 503 15 608 16 798 17 926 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 15. 2 14. 0 14. 8 13. 1 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 12. 0 11. 2 10. 7 10. 4 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 90. 1 82. 6 133. 9 96. 4 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 3. 3 2. 8 4. 3 2. 9 Percentage of total population 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 51 338 45 786

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 7,000 18.0 2.5 6,000 17.5 2.0 5,000 17.0 4,000 1.5 16.5 3,000 1.0 2,000 16.0 Thousands Percentage 0.5 1,000 15.5 of change Rate 0 15.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

86 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Australia and New Zealand

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 4 105 4 448 4 713 5 193 5 674 Males (thousands) 2 078 2 221 2 329 2 541 2 748 Females (thousands) 2 027 2 227 2 383 2 652 2 925 Percentage of female migrants 49. 4 50. 1 50. 6 51. 1 51. 6 Percentage of total migrant stock 2. 6 2. 7 2. 6 2. 7 2. 7 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 20.0 20.4 20.5 21. 2 22. 0 Annual rate of change 1. 6 1. 2 1. 9 1. 8 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 8 1. 2 2. 0 1. 9 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 455 383 601 613

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 103 64 67 70 49 Percentage of international migrants 2. 5 1. 4 1. 4 1. 3 0. 9 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 6 0. 3 0. 4 0. 5 0. 3 Annual rate of change -9. 6 1. 2 0. 6 -6. 9

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 3 132 3 509 2 355 3 729 4 478 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 9 0. 8 0. 5 0. 4 0. 4

Population Total (thousands) 20 477 21 804 23 039 24 505 25 815 Males (thousands) 10 191 10 831 11 412 12 158 12 821 Females (thousands) 10 286 10 972 11 627 12 348 12 994 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 12. 6 11. 0 12. 3 10. 4 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 7. 7 6. 5 6. 1 6. 0 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 102. 7 101. 6 148. 8 110. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 5. 0 4. 7 6. 5 4. 5 Percentage of total population 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 34 073 27 970

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 6,000 22.0 2.5 5,000 21.5 2.0 4,000 21.0 1.5 3,000 20.5 2,000 20.0 1.0 Thousands Percentage 0.5

1,000 19.5 of change Rate

0 19.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 87 International Migration Report 2009 Melanesia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 91 98 98 105 111 Males (thousands) 51 55 55 58 61 Females (thousands) 41 43 43 47 49 Percentage of female migrants 44. 4 43. 9 44. 0 44. 5 44. 6 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.7 1.6 1.4 1. 3 1. 3 Annual rate of change 1. 4 0. 1 1. 2 1. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 9 1. 0 0. 8 1. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 9 3 9 8

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 7 10 6 9 10 Percentage of international migrants 8. 1 10. 3 6. 4 8. 4 9. 1 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 1 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 Annual rate of change 6. 1 -9. 4 6. 8 2. 7

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 35 62 68 722 791 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 5 0. 6 0. 7 5. 0 4. 3

Population Total (thousands) 5 489 6 204 7 010 7 871 8 778 Males (thousands) 2 834 3 183 3 576 4 006 4 463 Females (thousands) 2 655 3 022 3 434 3 865 4 314 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 24. 5 24. 4 23. 2 21. 8 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 25. 5 25. 7 24. 2 22. 5 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -6. 1 -8. 7 -7. 4 -5. 9 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 1 -1. 4 -1. 1 -0. 7 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 15 632 15 907

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 120 4.0 1.6 100 3.5 1.4 1.2 80 3.0 1.0 60 2.5 0.8 40 2.0 0.6 Thousands Percentage 0.4

20 1.5 of change Rate 0.2 0 1.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

88 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Micronesia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 111 124 137 145 151 Males (thousands) 62 69 76 80 83 Females (thousands) 49 55 61 65 68 Percentage of female migrants 43. 9 44. 3 44. 6 44. 8 45. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 26.6 26.6 27.5 27. 0 26. 4 Annual rate of change 2. 2 1. 9 1. 2 0. 9 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 2 1. 9 1. 2 0. 9 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 15 15 10 9

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — — — — 0 Percentage of international migrants — — — — 0. 0 Percentage of total refugee population — — — — 0. 0 Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 5 7 7 7 7 Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 5 1. 5 1. 4 1. 2 1. 0

Population Total (thousands) 417 466 497 537 573 Males (thousands) 216 238 249 267 284 Females (thousands) 202 228 248 271 289 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 22. 0 12. 9 15. 6 13. 0 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 24. 3 22. 4 19. 1 16. 7 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -1. 0 -4. 6 -1. 8 -2. 1 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -2. 5 -9. 9 -3. 6 -3. 9 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 802 850

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 160 29.0 2.5 140 28.5 120 2.0 28.0 100 1.5 80 27.5 60 27.0 1.0 Thousands 40 Percentage 0.5 20 26.5 of change Rate 0 26.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 89 International Migration Report 2009 Polynesia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 58 63 68 73 79 Males (thousands) 33 35 37 40 42 Females (thousands) 26 28 31 34 37 Percentage of female migrants 44. 1 44. 3 45. 0 45. 9 46. 8 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 10.7 10.9 11.1 11. 4 11. 8 Annual rate of change 1. 7 1. 5 1. 5 1. 6 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 7 1. 5 1. 5 1. 6 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 6 6 6 7

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — — — — — Percentage of international migrants — — — — — Percentage of total refugee population — — — — — Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 67 41 45 733 885 Percentage of gross domestic product 2. 1 1. 0 1. 2 12. 1 12. 3

Population Total (thousands) 543 580 614 646 672 Males (thousands) 281 299 316 331 344 Females (thousands) 262 281 298 315 328 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 13. 2 11. 5 10. 0 8. 1 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 23. 0 21. 0 19. 1 16. 6 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -5. 5 -5. 7 -5. 7 -5. 6 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -10. 1 -9. 8 -9. 3 -8. 7 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 831 1 059

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 100 13.0 1.7 80 12.5 1.7 12.0 1.6 60 1.6 11.5 40 1.5 11.0 Thousands Percentage 1.5 20

10.5 of change Rate 1.4 0 10.0 1.4 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

90 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009

VIII. PROFILES BY COUNTRY OR AREA Afghanistan

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 58 70 76 86 91 Males (thousands) 33 40 43 49 51 Females (thousands) 25 31 33 38 40 Percentage of female migrants 43. 6 43. 6 43. 6 43. 6 43. 6 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.5 0.4 0.4 0. 4 0. 3 Annual rate of change 3. 9 1. 6 2. 6 1. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -2. 5 8. 0 2. 6 1. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 17 11 16 11

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 0 19 — 0 0 Percentage of international migrants 0. 0 27. 6 — 0. 0 0. 0 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 1 — 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change 133. 1 — — 4. 6

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 12 580 18 084 20 536 24 507 29 117 Males (thousands) 6 527 9 374 10 639 12 694 15 079 Females (thousands) 6 054 8 709 9 896 11 813 14 038 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 72. 6 25. 4 35. 4 34. 5 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 29. 2 29. 2 28. 1 26. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 653. 3 -73. 5 161. 0 200. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 51. 9 -4. 1 7. 8 8. 2 Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3 0. 4 0. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 73 938 71 274

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 100 3.0 10.0 80 2.5 8.0 2.0 6.0 60 4.0 1.5 40 2.0 1.0 Thousands Percentage 0.0 20

0.5 of change Rate -2.0 0 0.0 -4.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a Estimated number of foreign-born persons. b Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees. c Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

92 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Albania

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 66 71 77 83 89 Males (thousands) 31 33 36 39 42 Females (thousands) 35 38 41 44 47 Percentage of female migrants 53. 7 53. 5 53. 1 53. 1 53. 1 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.0 2.3 2.5 2. 7 2. 8 Annual rate of change 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 4 2. 0 2. 1 1. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 7 7 8 8

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 4 2 0 0 Percentage of international migrants — 5. 4 2. 9 0. 1 0. 1 Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change — -11. 0 -74. 4 4. 3

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 427 598 1 290 1 468 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 17. 2 16. 4 15. 8 13. 7

Population Total (thousands) 3 289 3 134 3 068 3 111 3 169 Males (thousands) 1 687 1 579 1 525 1 539 1 563 Females (thousands) 1 602 1 555 1 543 1 571 1 606 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -9. 7 -4. 3 2. 8 3. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 16. 7 13. 0 9. 3 8. 5 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -84. 7 -53. 4 -20. 0 -15. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -25. 7 -17. 1 -6. 5 -4. 8 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 3 303 3 846

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 100 4.0 2.5 3.5 80 2.0 3.0 60 1.5 2.5 40 2.0 1.0 Thousands Percentage 20 0.5

1.5 of change Rate

0 1.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a Estimated number of foreign citizens. b Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees. c Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 93 International Migration Report 2009 Algeria

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 274 299 250 242 242 Males (thousands) 150 164 137 133 133 Females (thousands) 124 135 113 109 109 Percentage of female migrants 45. 2 45. 2 45. 2 45. 2 45. 2 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.1 1.1 0.8 0. 7 0. 7 Annual rate of change 1. 7 -3. 6 -0. 6 -0. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -2. 4 -2. 4 5. 9 5. 8 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 31 -43 -3 4

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 169 206 167 132 94 Percentage of international migrants 61. 7 68. 9 67. 0 54. 3 38. 9 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 9 1. 1 1. 1 0. 9 0. 6 Annual rate of change 3. 9 -4. 1 -4. 8 -6. 7

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 352 1 120 790 2 060 2 120 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 6 2. 7 1. 4 2. 0 1. 6

Population Total (thousands) 25 283 28 265 30 506 32 855 35 423 Males (thousands) 12 736 14 257 15 392 16 583 17 882 Females (thousands) 12 547 14 008 15 114 16 271 17 540 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 22. 3 15. 3 14. 8 15. 1 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 22. 7 16. 2 15. 7 15. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -10. 0 -28. 0 -28. 0 -28. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 4 -1. 0 -0. 9 -0. 9 Percentage of total population 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 49 610 50 665

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 350 3.0 8.0 300 2.5 6.0 250 2.0 4.0 200 2.0 1.5 150 0.0 100 1.0 Thousands Percentage -2.0

0.5 of change Rate 50 -4.0 0 0.0 -6.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

94 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 American Samoa

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 21 23 25 27 28 Males (thousands) 11 12 13 14 14 Females (thousands) 10 11 12 13 14 Percentage of female migrants 47. 5 47. 9 48. 2 48. 6 49. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 45.2 43.7 43.2 42. 3 41. 4 Annual rate of change 1. 6 1. 6 1. 3 1. 3 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 6 1. 6 1. 3 1. 3 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 2 2 2 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 47 53 58 63 69 Males (thousands) 24 27 29 32 35 Females (thousands) 23 26 28 31 34 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 22. 2 18. 3 16. 9 17. 5 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 29. 7 26. 2 23. 7 20. 5 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 4 -0. 4 -0. 4 -0. 2 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -7. 9 -8. 3 -7. 1 -3. 2 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 107 114

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 30 46.0 2.0 25 45.0 1.5 20 44.0 15 1.0 43.0 10 Thousands 42.0 Percentage 0.5

5 of change Rate

0 41.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 95 International Migration Report 2009 Andorra

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 39 44 42 50 56 Males (thousands) 21 23 22 26 29 Females (thousands) 18 21 20 24 26 Percentage of female migrants 46. 5 46. 9 47. 6 47. 4 47. 3 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 73.7 68.3 63.5 63. 1 64. 4 Annual rate of change 2. 6 -1. 0 3. 5 2. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 6 -1. 0 3. 5 2. 1 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 6 -1 9 7

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 53 65 66 80 87 Males (thousands) 28 34 35 42 45 Females (thousands) 25 31 32 38 41 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 40. 7 5. 3 36. 6 16. 6 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 5. 0 4. 3 4. 0 3. 3 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 2. 1 0. 1 2. 4 1. 1 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 39. 6 1. 0 35. 8 13. 8 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 137 80

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 60 74.0 4.0 50 72.0 3.0 40 70.0 2.0 30 68.0 1.0 20 66.0 0.0 Thousands Percentage

10 64.0 of change Rate -1.0 0 62.0 -2.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

96 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Angola

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 34 38 46 56 65 Males (thousands) 18 20 23 27 31 Females (thousands) 15 18 23 29 35 Percentage of female migrants 45. 9 47. 6 49. 3 51. 1 53. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.3 0.3 0.3 0. 3 0. 3 Annual rate of change 2. 2 4. 1 3. 9 3. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 4. 5 4. 5 4. 5 4. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 7 11 13 13

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 12 11 13 14 13 Percentage of international migrants 36. 5 28. 8 27. 3 24. 9 19. 2 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Annual rate of change -2. 5 3. 1 2. 1 -2. 1

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 10 661 12 539 14 280 16 618 18 993 Males (thousands) 5 251 6 179 7 038 8 192 9 362 Females (thousands) 5 410 6 360 7 242 8 426 9 631 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 32. 4 26. 0 30. 3 26. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 29. 9 27. 7 28. 0 25. 8 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 28. 6 -24. 0 35. 0 16. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 2. 7 -1. 9 2. 5 1. 0 Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 42 267 42 197

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 70 3.0 5.0 60 2.5 4.0 50 2.0 40 3.0 1.5 30 2.0 20 1.0 Thousands Percentage 1.0 10 0.5 of change Rate 0 0.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 97 International Migration Report 2009 Anguilla

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 2 3 4 5 6 Males (thousands) 1 2 2 2 3 Females (thousands) 1 2 2 3 3 Percentage of female migrants 51. 1 52. 0 53. 0 54. 0 55. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 28.2 32.8 36.4 37. 3 39. 2 Annual rate of change 6. 3 4. 5 4. 5 3. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 6. 3 4. 5 4. 5 3. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 1 1 1

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 8 10 11 14 15 Males (thousands) 4 5 6 7 8 Females (thousands) 4 5 6 7 8 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 32. 5 24. 2 40. 6 24. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 17. 3 9. 1 10. 2 10. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 1 0. 2 0. 4 0. 2 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 16. 4 16. 1 33. 6 14. 6 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 20 19

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 7 40.0 7.0 6 38.0 6.0 5 36.0 5.0 4 4.0 34.0 3 3.0 2 32.0 Thousands Percentage 2.0

30.0 of change Rate 1 1.0 0 28.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

98 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Antigua and Barbuda

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 12 14 16 18 21 Males (thousands) 6 6 7 8 9 Females (thousands) 6 7 9 10 12 Percentage of female migrants 52. 0 53. 0 54. 0 55. 1 56. 2 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 19.4 20.3 20.6 21. 8 23. 6 Annual rate of change 2. 8 2. 8 2. 8 2. 8 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 8 2. 8 2. 8 2. 8 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 2 2 3 3

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 13 3 10 22 24 Percentage of gross domestic product 3. 3 0. 6 1. 5 2. 5 2. 2

Population Total (thousands) 62 68 77 84 89 Males (thousands) 30 33 36 39 42 Females (thousands) 32 35 41 44 47 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 19. 2 24. 7 15. 9 11. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 9. 7 12. 3 13. 0 11. 7 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 6 0. 9 0. 2 — Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 10. 0 13. 2 3. 1 — Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 112 112

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 25 24.0 2.8 20 23.0 2.8 2.8 15 22.0 2.8 10 21.0 2.8 Thousands Percentage 2.8 5 20.0 Rate of change Rate 2.8 0 19.0 2.8 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 99 International Migration Report 2009 Argentina

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 1 650 1 588 1 540 1 494 1 449 Males (thousands) 788 744 718 696 676 Females (thousands) 862 844 822 798 774 Percentage of female migrants 52. 2 53. 2 53. 4 53. 4 53. 4 Percentage of total migrant stock 1. 1 1. 0 0. 9 0. 8 0. 7 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 5.1 4.6 4.2 3. 9 3. 6 Annual rate of change -0. 8 -0. 6 -0. 6 -0. 6 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 8 -0. 5 -0. 6 -0. 6 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -12 -1 -1 -2

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 12 11 2 3 3 Percentage of international migrants 0. 7 0. 7 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change -1. 9 -30. 9 4. 7 1. 4

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 56 86 432 607 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 0 0. 0 0. 2 0. 2

Population Total (thousands) 32 498 34 772 36 939 38 732 40 666 Males (thousands) 15 974 17 074 18 127 18 995 19 947 Females (thousands) 16 524 17 697 18 812 19 736 20 719 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 13. 5 12. 1 9. 5 9. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 12. 8 11. 6 10. 0 9. 6 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 24. 0 17. 3 -20. 0 6. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 0. 7 0. 5 -0. 5 0. 2 Percentage of total population 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 50 943 50 601

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 1,700 6.0 0.0 1,650 5.5 1,600 -0.2 5.0 1,550 -0.4 1,500 4.5 1,450 4.0 -0.6 Thousands 1,400 Percentage -0.8 1,350 3.5 of change Rate 1,300 3.0 -1.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

100 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Armenia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 659 682 574 493 324 Males (thousands) 271 280 236 202 133 Females (thousands) 388 402 338 290 191 Percentage of female migrants 58. 9 58. 9 58. 9 58. 9 58. 9 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 4 0. 4 0. 3 0. 3 0. 2 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 18.6 21.1 18.7 16. 1 10. 5 Annual rate of change 0. 7 -3. 4 -3. 1 -8. 4 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -9. 0 -7. 7 -1. 5 -0. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 43 -86 -64 -153

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 261 288 227 59 Percentage of international migrants — 38. 4 50. 2 46. 2 18. 2 Percentage of total refugee population — 1. 4 1. 8 1. 6 0. 4 Annual rate of change — 2. 0 -4. 8 -26. 9

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 65 87 498 846 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 5. 1 4. 6 10. 2 9. 2

Population Total (thousands) 3 545 3 223 3 076 3 065 3 090 Males (thousands) 1 719 1 529 1 446 1 431 1 440 Females (thousands) 1 825 1 694 1 630 1 634 1 650 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -19. 0 -9. 4 -0. 7 1. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 10. 5 4. 9 5. 8 6. 5 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -100. 0 -45. 0 -20. 0 -15. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -28. 2 -14. 0 -6. 5 -4. 9 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 3 018 3 405

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 800 22.0 2.0 700 20.0 0.0 600 500 18.0 -2.0 400 16.0 -4.0 300 14.0 -6.0 Thousands 200 Percentage

100 12.0 of change Rate -8.0 0 10.0 -10.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 101 International Migration Report 2009 Aruba

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 14 21 29 33 34 Males (thousands) 6 9 13 15 15 Females (thousands) 8 11 16 18 19 Percentage of female migrants 55. 5 54. 9 55. 1 55. 2 55. 4 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 22.8 25.8 32.5 33. 1 31. 9 Annual rate of change 7. 2 7. 1 2. 5 0. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 7. 2 7. 1 2. 5 0. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 7 9 5 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 4 8 14 13 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 3 0. 4 0. 6 0. 5

Population Total (thousands) 63 80 91 101 107 Males (thousands) 31 40 44 48 51 Females (thousands) 32 41 47 53 56 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 47. 9 24. 1 21. 7 12. 2 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 11. 1 8. 9 6. 1 4. 5 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 2. 6 1. 3 1. 5 0. 8 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 41. 6 16. 2 16. 4 7. 9 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 106 106

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 40 34.0 8.0 35 32.0 7.0 30 6.0 30.0 25 5.0 20 28.0 4.0 15 26.0 3.0 Thousands 10 Percentage 2.0

24.0 of change Rate 5 1.0 0 22.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

102 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Australia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 3 581 3 854 4 027 4 336 4 711 Males (thousands) 1 817 1 930 1 996 2 129 2 290 Females (thousands) 1 764 1 924 2 031 2 207 2 421 Percentage of female migrants 49. 3 49. 9 50. 4 50. 9 51. 4 Percentage of total migrant stock 2. 3 2. 3 2. 3 2. 2 2. 2 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 21.0 21.3 21.0 21. 3 21. 9 Annual rate of change 1. 5 0. 9 1. 5 1. 7 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 7 0. 9 1. 5 1. 8 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 368 276 410 486

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 98 60 63 64 46 Percentage of international migrants 2. 7 1. 6 1. 6 1. 5 1. 0 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 5 0. 3 0. 4 0. 5 0. 3 Annual rate of change -9. 8 0. 9 0. 5 -6. 9

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 2 370 1 651 1 903 2 990 3 828 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 7 0. 4 0. 5 0. 4 0. 4

Population Total (thousands) 17 091 18 118 19 171 20 395 21 512 Males (thousands) 8 519 9 012 9 509 10 131 10 695 Females (thousands) 8 572 9 106 9 662 10 264 10 817 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 11. 7 11. 3 12. 4 10. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 7. 5 6. 3 5. 9 5. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 74. 2 93. 1 128. 2 100. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 4. 3 5. 1 6. 7 4. 9 Percentage of total population 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 28 724 23 170

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 5,000 23.0 2.0 4,000 22.5 1.5 22.0 3,000 21.5 1.0 2,000 21.0 Thousands 1,000 Percentage 0.5

20.5 of change Rate

0 20.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 103 International Migration Report 2009 Austria

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 793 989 997 1 156 1 310 Males (thousands) 368 467 478 564 649 Females (thousands) 425 522 518 592 661 Percentage of female migrants 53. 6 52. 8 52. 0 51. 2 50. 5 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 5 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 10.3 12.5 12.4 14. 0 15. 6 Annual rate of change 4. 4 0. 1 3. 0 2. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 4. 6 -0. 1 3. 6 2. 4 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 227 44 195 194

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 37 38 49 20 28 Percentage of international migrants 4. 7 3. 8 4. 9 1. 7 2. 1 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 3 0. 1 0. 2 Annual rate of change 0. 2 5. 2 -18. 3 7. 3

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 635 1 012 1 441 2 941 2 965 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 4 0. 4 0. 7 1. 0 0. 8

Population Total (thousands) 7 671 7 936 8 005 8 232 8 387 Males (thousands) 3 671 3 828 3 871 4 001 4 093 Females (thousands) 3 999 4 108 4 133 4 231 4 294 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 6. 8 1. 7 5. 6 3. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 0. 8 0. 1 0. 2 -0. 1 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 46. 8 13. 0 44. 0 32. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 6. 1 1. 6 5. 5 3. 9 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 8 515 7 355

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 1,400 16.0 5.0 1,200 15.0 4.0 1,000 14.0 3.0 800 13.0 600 2.0 400 12.0 1.0 Thousands Percentage

200 11.0 of change Rate 0.0 0 10.0 -1.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

104 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Azerbaijan

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 361 525 348 255 264 Males (thousands) 158 228 150 109 113 Females (thousands) 203 296 198 145 151 Percentage of female migrants 56. 2 56. 5 56. 9 57. 0 57. 1 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 3 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 5.0 6.7 4.3 3. 0 3. 0 Annual rate of change 7. 5 -8. 2 -6. 2 0. 7 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -4. 2 -4. 2 1. 0 1. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 174 -163 -84 16

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 233 111 6 2 Percentage of international migrants — 44. 4 31. 9 2. 3 0. 9 Percentage of total refugee population — 1. 3 0. 7 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change — -14. 8 -59. 0 -17. 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 3 57 693 1 287 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 1 1. 1 5. 2 4. 1

Population Total (thousands) 7 212 7 784 8 121 8 453 8 934 Males (thousands) 3 529 3 804 3 956 4 117 4 371 Females (thousands) 3 683 3 980 4 165 4 336 4 563 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 15. 3 8. 5 8. 0 11. 1 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 18. 3 11. 7 10. 4 12. 2 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -23. 1 -25. 5 -20. 0 -10. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -3. 2 -3. 3 -2. 5 -1. 2 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 10 579 11 017

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 600 7.0 10.0 500 6.0 5.0 400 5.0 300 0.0 4.0 200 Thousands 3.0 Percentage -5.0

100 of change Rate

0 2.0 -10.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 105 International Migration Report 2009 Bahamas

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 27 28 30 32 33 Males (thousands) 14 15 15 16 17 Females (thousands) 13 14 15 15 16 Percentage of female migrants 48. 5 48. 5 48. 5 48. 5 48. 5 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 10.5 10.1 9.8 9. 7 9. 7 Annual rate of change 1. 1 1. 1 1. 1 1. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 1 1. 0 1. 2 1. 1 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 2 2 2 2

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 0 0 — — Percentage of international migrants — 0. 0 0. 3 — — Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 0 — — Annual rate of change — 64. 4 — —

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 256 281 305 325 346 Males (thousands) 127 139 150 160 169 Females (thousands) 129 142 155 166 177 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 19. 1 16. 1 13. 1 12. 1 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 17. 6 14. 7 11. 9 10. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 1. 6 1. 4 1. 3 1. 2 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 455 432

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 40 12.0 1.2 35 11.5 30 1.2 11.0 25 1.1 20 10.5 15 10.0 1.1 Thousands 10 Percentage 1.0 5 9.5 of change Rate 0 9.0 1.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

106 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Bahrain

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 173 206 239 278 315 Males (thousands) 124 145 166 190 212 Females (thousands) 49 61 74 89 104 Percentage of female migrants 28. 5 29. 8 30. 8 31. 9 32. 9 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 35.1 35.7 36.8 38. 2 39. 1 Annual rate of change 3. 5 3. 0 3. 0 2. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 6 3. 0 3. 0 2. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 35 36 41 40

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 1 — 0 — 0 Percentage of international migrants 0. 6 — 0. 0 — 0. 0 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 — 0. 0 — 0. 0 Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 493 578 650 728 807 Males (thousands) 286 337 374 418 463 Females (thousands) 207 241 276 309 344 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 31. 7 23. 6 22. 5 20. 8 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 22. 5 18. 2 16. 7 15. 5 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 4. 9 3. 3 4. 0 4. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 9. 9 5. 7 6. 2 5. 5 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 1 277 1 091

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 350 40.0 4.0 300 39.0 3.5 3.0 250 38.0 200 2.5 37.0 150 2.0 1.5 100 36.0 Thousands Percentage 1.0

35.0 of change Rate 50 0.5 0 34.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 107 International Migration Report 2009 Bangladesh

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 882 1 006 988 1 032 1 085 Males (thousands) 759 867 851 889 935 Females (thousands) 122 139 137 143 150 Percentage of female migrants 13. 9 13. 9 13. 9 13. 9 13. 9 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6 0. 5 0. 5 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.8 0.8 0.7 0. 7 0. 7 Annual rate of change 2. 6 -0. 4 0. 9 1. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 9 0. 9 0. 9 0. 9 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 162 16 73 80

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 0 84 22 21 27 Percentage of international migrants 0. 0 8. 3 2. 2 2. 0 2. 5 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 5 0. 1 0. 1 0. 2 Annual rate of change 140. 9 -26. 8 -1. 1 5. 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 779 1 202 1 968 4 314 6 562 Percentage of gross domestic product 2. 6 3. 2 4. 3 7. 5 9. 7

Population Total (thousands) 115 632 128 086 140 767 153 122 164 425 Males (thousands) 58 949 65 069 71 294 77 483 83 134 Females (thousands) 56 683 63 017 69 473 75 639 81 292 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 20. 5 18. 9 16. 8 14. 2 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 21. 3 19. 7 17. 8 15. 0 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -100. 0 -110. 0 -140. 0 -114. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 9 -0. 9 -1. 0 -0. 7 Percentage of total population 2. 2 2. 2 2. 3 2. 4 2. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 222 495 232 332

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 1,200 3.0 3.0 1,000 2.5 2.5 2.0 800 2.0 1.5 600 1.5 1.0 400 1.0 0.5 Thousands Percentage 0.0

200 0.5 of change Rate -0.5 0 0.0 -1.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

108 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Barbados

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 21 23 25 26 28 Males (thousands) 9 9 10 10 11 Females (thousands) 12 13 15 16 17 Percentage of female migrants 58. 1 58. 8 59. 4 60. 1 60. 7 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 8.2 8.9 9.7 10. 4 10. 9 Annual rate of change 1. 4 1. 4 1. 4 1. 4 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 4 1. 4 1. 4 1. 4 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 2 2 2 3

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 38 53 102 140 140 Percentage of gross domestic product 2. 2 2. 8 4. 0 4. 5 3. 8

Population Total (thousands) 260 258 252 253 257 Males (thousands) 125 124 122 123 125 Females (thousands) 135 134 130 131 132 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -1. 3 -5. 0 1. 3 2. 6 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 6. 4 4. 4 3. 6 3. 6 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -2. 0 -2. 4 -0. 6 -0. 3 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -7. 7 -9. 3 -2. 4 -1. 0 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 237 250

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 30 11.0 1.4 25 10.5 1.4 1.4 20 10.0 1.4 15 9.5 1.4 10 9.0 1.4 Thousands Percentage 1.4

5 8.5 of change Rate 1.4 0 8.0 1.4 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 109 International Migration Report 2009 Belarus

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 1 249 1 185 1 124 1 107 1 090 Males (thousands) 572 543 515 507 499 Females (thousands) 677 642 609 600 591 Percentage of female migrants 54. 2 54. 2 54. 2 54. 2 54. 2 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 8 0. 7 0. 6 0. 6 0. 5 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 12.2 11.5 11.2 11. 3 11. 4 Annual rate of change -1. 1 -1. 1 -0. 3 -0. 3 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 3 -0. 8 -0. 3 -0. 3 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -10 -2 43 43

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 15 0 1 1 Percentage of international migrants — 1. 3 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change — -75. 2 14. 1 -1. 6

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 29 139 255 354 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 2 1. 3 0. 8 0. 8

Population Total (thousands) 10 260 10 270 10 054 9 816 9 588 Males (thousands) 4 808 4 821 4 708 4 577 4 456 Females (thousands) 5 451 5 449 5 346 5 239 5 132 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 0. 2 -4. 3 -4. 8 -4. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 0. 2 -4. 3 -5. 2 -4. 7 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) — — 4. 0 — Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population — — 0. 4 — Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 7 275 7 372

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 1,300 13.0 0.0 1,250 12.5 -0.2 1,200 12.0 -0.4 -0.6 1,150 11.5 -0.8 1,100 11.0 Thousands Percentage -1.0

1,050 10.5 of change Rate -1.2 1,000 10.0 -1.4 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

110 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Belgium

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 892 916 879 882 975 Males (thousands) 480 487 456 451 493 Females (thousands) 411 429 423 431 481 Percentage of female migrants 46. 1 46. 8 48. 2 48. 9 49. 4 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 6 0. 6 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 9.0 9.1 8.6 8. 5 9. 1 Annual rate of change 0. 5 -0. 8 0. 1 2. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 5 -0. 7 0. 1 2. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 59 -2 37 125

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 26 26 18 14 17 Percentage of international migrants 2. 9 2. 8 2. 0 1. 6 1. 8 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Annual rate of change -0. 1 -7. 3 -4. 2 3. 5

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 3 583 4 937 4 005 7 242 8 557 Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 8 1. 7 1. 7 1. 9 1. 9

Population Total (thousands) 9 933 10 084 10 193 10 415 10 698 Males (thousands) 4 850 4 931 4 987 5 097 5 240 Females (thousands) 5 083 5 153 5 206 5 318 5 458 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 3. 0 2. 2 4. 3 5. 3 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 1. 3 0. 9 0. 5 1. 6 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 17. 0 12. 3 39. 2 40. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 1. 7 1. 2 3. 8 3. 8 Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 11 493 10 377

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 1,000 11.0 2.5 980 10.5 2.0 960 940 10.0 1.5 920 1.0 9.5 900 0.5 880 9.0 Thousands 860 Percentage 0.0

8.5 of change Rate 840 -0.5 820 8.0 -1.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 111 International Migration Report 2009 Belize

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 30 38 36 41 47 Males (thousands) 16 20 19 20 22 Females (thousands) 14 18 18 21 24 Percentage of female migrants 46. 1 47. 4 48. 9 50. 5 52. 1 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 16.0 17.5 14.5 14. 4 15. 0 Annual rate of change 4. 7 -1. 0 2. 2 2. 8 Annual rate of change excluding refugees - 3. 0 3. 0 3. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 9 -1 5 7

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 30 9 2 1 0 Percentage of international migrants 100. 0 22. 9 5. 7 1. 7 0. 9 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change -24. 8 -28. 9 -22. 3 -9. 4

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 18 14 22 46 75 Percentage of gross domestic product 4. 4 2. 4 2. 6 4. 1 5. 9

Population Total (thousands) 190 220 252 282 313 Males (thousands) 96 111 127 142 158 Females (thousands) 94 109 125 140 155 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 29. 8 26. 5 23. 1 20. 6 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 30. 7 27. 3 23. 8 21. 3 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 1 -0. 9 -0. 8 -0. 7 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 506 516

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 50 18.0 5.0 17.5 40 4.0 17.0 3.0 30 16.5 2.0 16.0 20 15.5 1.0 Thousands 15.0 Percentage 0.0 10 14.5 of change Rate -1.0 0 14.0 -2.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

112 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Benin

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 76 146 134 188 232 Males (thousands) 40 78 72 101 126 Females (thousands) 36 69 62 86 106 Percentage of female migrants 47. 4 46. 9 46. 4 46. 0 45. 5 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.6 2.6 2.0 2. 4 2. 5 Annual rate of change 13. 0 -1. 8 6. 8 4. 3 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 5. 4 5. 4 5. 4 5. 4 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 74 -6 59 51

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 1 47 4 18 9 Percentage of international migrants 0. 9 32. 2 3. 0 9. 4 4. 0 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 3 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 Annual rate of change 85. 5 -49. 4 29. 7 -12. 9

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 101 100 87 173 224 Percentage of gross domestic product 5. 5 4. 6 3. 7 4. 0 4. 0

Population Total (thousands) 4 795 5 723 6 659 7 868 9 212 Males (thousands) 2 354 2 846 3 322 3 956 4 651 Females (thousands) 2 441 2 878 3 338 3 912 4 560 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 35. 4 30. 3 33. 3 31. 5 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 31. 3 31. 2 30. 5 30. 3 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 21. 0 -5. 9 19. 8 10. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 4. 4 -1. 0 3. 0 1. 3 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 21 982 22 091

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 250 4.0 15.0 200 3.5 10.0 3.0 150 2.5 5.0 100 2.0 Thousands 50 Percentage 0.0

1.5 of change Rate

0 1.0 -5.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 113 International Migration Report 2009 Bermuda

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 16 17 18 19 20 Males (thousands) 8 8 9 9 10 Females (thousands) 8 9 9 10 10 Percentage of female migrants 51. 8 51. 7 51. 7 51. 7 51. 7 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 26.2 27.1 28.1 29. 3 30. 7 Annual rate of change 1. 2 1. 2 1. 2 1. 2 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 2 1. 2 1. 2 1. 2 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 2 2 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 60 61 63 64 65 Males (thousands) 29 30 31 31 32 Females (thousands) 31 32 32 33 33 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 5. 4 4. 6 4. 1 2. 5 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 5. 4 4. 6 4. 1 2. 5 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) — — — — Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population — — — — Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 63 63

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 25 31.0 1.2 20 30.0 1.2 1.2 15 29.0 1.2 10 28.0 1.2 Thousands Percentage 1.2 5 27.0 Rate of change Rate 1.2 0 26.0 1.2 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

114 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Bhutan

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 24 28 32 37 40 Males (thousands) 19 23 26 30 33 Females (thousands) 4 5 6 7 7 Percentage of female migrants 18. 5 18. 5 18. 5 18. 5 18. 5 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 4.3 5.4 5.7 5. 7 5. 7 Annual rate of change 3. 0 3. 0 3. 0 1. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 0 3. 0 3. 0 1. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 5 6 6 4

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 549 509 561 650 708 Males (thousands) 281 259 285 342 373 Females (thousands) 267 250 277 308 335 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -15. 2 19. 6 29. 3 17. 3 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 23. 1 19. 6 17. 7 14. 3 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -20. 2 0. 0 7. 0 2. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -36. 8 0. 1 12. 5 3. 1 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 1 013 1 004

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 50 7.0 3.5 40 6.5 3.0 6.0 2.5 30 2.0 5.5 20 1.5 5.0 Thousands Percentage 1.0 10

4.5 of change Rate 0.5 0 4.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 115 International Migration Report 2009 Bolivia (Plurinational State of)

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 60 70 89 114 146 Males (thousands) 30 35 46 59 76 Females (thousands) 29 34 43 55 70 Percentage of female migrants 49. 1 49. 1 48. 6 48. 1 47. 7 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.9 0.9 1.1 1. 2 1. 5 Annual rate of change 3. 1 4. 9 4. 9 4. 9 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 0 5. 1 4. 9 4. 9 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 12 22 28 35

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 0 1 0 1 1 Percentage of international migrants 0. 4 1. 0 0. 4 0. 5 0. 4 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change 22. 1 -14. 0 8. 2 2. 5

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 5 7 127 346 927 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 1 0. 1 1. 5 3. 6 7. 1

Population Total (thousands) 6 671 7 484 8 317 9 182 10 031 Males (thousands) 3 304 3 717 4 138 4 575 5 003 Females (thousands) 3 366 3 767 4 179 4 607 5 028 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 23. 0 21. 1 19. 8 17. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 25. 8 23. 6 22. 1 19. 8 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -20. 0 -20. 0 -20. 0 -20. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -3. 0 -2. 7 -2. 4 -2. 2 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 14 908 16 085

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 160 3.0 6.0 140 2.5 5.0 120 100 2.0 4.0 80 1.5 3.0 60 1.0 2.0 Thousands 40 Percentage

20 0.5 of change Rate 1.0 0 0.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

116 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Bosnia and Herzegovina

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 56 73 96 35 28 Males (thousands) 27 35 46 18 14 Females (thousands) 29 38 50 18 14 Percentage of female migrants 52. 6 52. 3 51. 6 49. 8 50. 3 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.3 2.2 2.6 0. 9 0. 7 Annual rate of change 5. 4 5. 4 -20. 1 -4. 7 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 5. 4 -10. 2 -17. 1 0. 2 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 19 25 -58 -6

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — — 52 16 9 Percentage of international migrants — — 54. 1 46. 6 31. 8 Percentage of total refugee population — — 0. 3 0. 1 0. 1 Annual rate of change — — -23. 1 -12. 3

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. .. 1 595 2 043 2 700 Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. 35. 2 19. 0 18. 3

Population Total (thousands) 4 308 3 332 3 694 3 781 3 760 Males (thousands) 2 129 1 616 1 780 1 819 1 809 Females (thousands) 2 179 1 716 1 913 1 962 1 951 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -51. 4 20. 6 4. 7 -1. 1 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 2. 6 4. 5 1. 4 -0. 6 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -205. 0 56. 4 12. 4 -2. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -47. 6 16. 9 3. 3 -0. 5 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 3 008 3 058

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 120 3.0 10.0 100 2.5 5.0 80 2.0 0.0 -5.0 60 1.5 -10.0 40 1.0 Thousands Percentage -15.0

20 0.5 of change Rate -20.0 0 0.0 -25.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a Estimate based on imputation. b Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees. c Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 117 International Migration Report 2009 Botswana

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 28 39 56 80 115 Males (thousands) 17 23 32 45 62 Females (thousands) 11 16 24 36 53 Percentage of female migrants 39. 6 40. 5 42. 4 44. 3 46. 3 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.0 2.5 3.2 4. 4 5. 8 Annual rate of change 7. 0 7. 2 7. 2 7. 2 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 7. 7 6. 5 7. 3 7. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 12 18 27 38

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 1 0 2 3 3 Percentage of international migrants 4. 4 1. 0 4. 3 3. 7 2. 4 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change -23. 1 36. 8 4. 1 -1. 1

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 86 59 26 125 141 Percentage of gross domestic product 2. 5 1. 3 0. 5 1. 4 1. 3

Population Total (thousands) 1 352 1 550 1 723 1 839 1 978 Males (thousands) 665 765 853 915 989 Females (thousands) 687 785 869 924 988 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 27. 4 21. 1 13. 1 14. 5 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 25. 4 18. 3 10. 8 12. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 2. 8 4. 6 4. 0 3. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 2. 1 2. 9 2. 3 1. 6 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 2 758 2 667

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 140 6.0 8.0 120 5.0 7.5 100 80 4.0 7.0 60 3.0 6.5 40 Thousands Percentage 2.0 6.0 20 of change Rate 0 1.0 5.5 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

118 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Brazil

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 799 731 685 686 688 Males (thousands) 426 390 366 368 369 Females (thousands) 372 341 318 318 319 Percentage of female migrants 46. 6 46. 6 46. 5 46. 4 46. 3 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 5 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 3 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.5 0.5 0.4 0. 4 0. 4 Annual rate of change -1. 8 -1. 3 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 7 -1. 3 0. 0 -0. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -48 -28 18 18

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 5 2 3 3 21 Percentage of international migrants 0. 7 0. 3 0. 4 0. 5 3. 0 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 Annual rate of change -18. 3 3. 5 5. 8 36. 1

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 573 3 315 1 649 3 540 4 382 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 1 0. 4 0. 3 0. 4 0. 3

Population Total (thousands) 149 570 161 692 174 174 186 075 195 423 Males (thousands) 74 305 80 111 86 090 91 780 96 199 Females (thousands) 75 266 81 581 88 084 94 294 99 224 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 15. 6 14. 9 13. 2 9. 8 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 15. 8 15. 1 13. 5 10. 0 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -36. 8 -42. 0 -45. 8 -45. 8 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 2 -0. 3 -0. 3 -0. 2 Percentage of total population 2. 8 2. 8 2. 8 2. 9 2. 8

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 218 512 220 432

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 850 3.0 0.5 2.5 800 0.0 2.0 750 -0.5 1.5 700 1.0 -1.0 Thousands Percentage 650 -1.5

0.5 of change Rate

600 0.0 -2.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 119 International Migration Report 2009 British Virgin Islands

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 8 8 8 8 9 Males (thousands) 4 4 4 4 4 Females (thousands) 4 4 4 4 4 Percentage of female migrants 48. 7 48. 6 48. 6 48. 6 48. 6 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 46.0 43.2 40.9 38. 4 36. 6 Annual rate of change 1. 0 1. 0 0. 1 0. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 0 1. 0 0. 1 0. 1 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 1 0 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 17 18 21 22 23 Males (thousands) 8 9 11 11 12 Females (thousands) 8 9 10 11 11 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 22. 4 21. 2 14. 0 11. 2 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 17. 7 16. 5 14. 0 11. 2 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 1 0. 1 — — Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 4. 9 5. 0 — — Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 28 28

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 9 46.0 1.2 8 44.0 1.0 8 8 42.0 0.8 8 0.6 8 40.0 0.4 Thousands 7 Percentage 38.0 7 of change Rate 0.2 7 36.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

120 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Brunei Darussalam

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 73 87 104 124 148 Males (thousands) 42 49 58 69 81 Females (thousands) 31 38 46 56 67 Percentage of female migrants 42. 8 43. 5 44. 1 44. 8 45. 5 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 28.5 29.6 31.2 33. 6 36. 4 Annual rate of change 3. 5 3. 5 3. 5 3. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 5 3. 5 3. 5 3. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 15 18 21 25

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 257 295 333 370 407 Males (thousands) 136 155 174 192 210 Females (thousands) 121 140 160 178 197 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 27. 6 24. 5 20. 8 19. 0 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 25. 0 22. 3 18. 8 17. 2 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 7 0. 7 0. 7 0. 7 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 2. 7 2. 4 2. 1 1. 9 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 658 552

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 160 3.5 36.0 140 3.5 120 3.5 100 34.0 3.5 80 32.0 60 3.5 Thousands 40 30.0 Percentage 3.5

20 of change Rate 3.5 0 28.0 3.5 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 121 International Migration Report 2009 Bulgaria

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 22 47 101 104 107 Males (thousands) 9 20 42 44 45 Females (thousands) 12 27 59 60 62 Percentage of female migrants 57. 9 57. 9 57. 9 57. 9 57. 9 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.2 0.6 1.3 1. 3 1. 4 Annual rate of change 15. 5 15. 5 0. 6 0. 6 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 14. 9 15. 8 -0. 1 0. 6 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 26 57 8 9

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 1 1 5 5 Percentage of international migrants — 2. 6 1. 0 4. 4 4. 4 Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change — -3. 3 30. 1 0. 5

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. .. 58 1 613 2 132 Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. 0. 5 5. 9 5. 4

Population Total (thousands) 8 819 8 357 8 006 7 739 7 497 Males (thousands) 4 347 4 093 3 902 3 755 3 622 Females (thousands) 4 472 4 264 4 104 3 984 3 875 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -10. 8 -8. 6 -6. 8 -6. 4 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population -2. 7 -5. 9 -5. 7 -5. 0 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -69. 7 -21. 7 -8. 3 -10. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -7. 9 -2. 6 -1. 0 -1. 3 Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 5 392 5 910

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 120 3.0 20.0 100 2.5 15.0 80 2.0 10.0 60 1.5 40 1.0 5.0 Thousands Percentage 0.0

20 0.5 of change Rate

0 0.0 -5.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

122 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Burkina Faso

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 345 464 573 773 1 043 Males (thousands) 166 224 278 378 513 Females (thousands) 179 240 294 395 530 Percentage of female migrants 52. 0 51. 7 51. 4 51. 1 50. 8 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3 0. 4 0. 5 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.9 4.6 4.9 5. 6 6. 4 Annual rate of change 5. 9 4. 2 6. 0 6. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 4. 2 6. 0 6. 0 6. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 140 135 229 308

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 0 40 1 1 1 Percentage of international migrants 0. 1 8. 6 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change 94. 4 -81. 3 -6. 2 0. 8

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 140 80 67 50 50 Percentage of gross domestic product 4. 5 3. 4 2. 6 0. 9 0. 7

Population Total (thousands) 8 814 10 127 11 676 13 747 16 287 Males (thousands) 4 345 5 000 5 777 6 851 8 138 Females (thousands) 4 469 5 127 5 899 6 896 8 149 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 27. 8 28. 5 32. 7 33. 9 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 30. 4 30. 6 31. 0 34. 7 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -25. 5 -24. 1 20. 0 -13. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -2. 9 -2. 4 1. 7 -0. 9 Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 40 830 41 531

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 1,200 7.0 7.0 1,000 6.5 6.0 6.0 5.0 800 5.5 4.0 600 5.0 3.0 400 4.5 Thousands 4.0 Percentage 2.0

200 of change Rate 3.5 1.0 0 3.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 123 International Migration Report 2009 Burundi

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 333 295 77 82 61 Males (thousands) 163 142 36 38 28 Females (thousands) 170 153 41 44 33 Percentage of female migrants 51. 0 51. 9 52. 8 53. 7 54. 6 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 5.9 4.8 1.2 1. 1 0. 7 Annual rate of change -2. 4 -26. 9 1. 2 -5. 9 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -2. 2 -2. 2 -2. 2 -2. 2 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -15 -199 9 -17

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 268 237 25 35 19 Percentage of international migrants 80. 4 80. 2 32. 0 42. 6 31. 0 Percentage of total refugee population 1. 4 1. 3 0. 2 0. 3 0. 1 Annual rate of change -2. 5 -45. 3 6. 9 -12. 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... 0 0 Percentage of gross domestic product ...... 0. 0 0. 0

Population Total (thousands) 5 681 6 167 6 473 7 378 8 519 Males (thousands) 2 770 3 003 3 140 3 602 4 179 Females (thousands) 2 912 3 164 3 332 3 776 4 340 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 16. 4 9. 7 26. 2 28. 8 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 24. 8 22. 3 20. 6 20. 6 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -50. 0 -80. 0 38. 3 64. 6 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -8. 8 -13. 0 5. 9 8. 8 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 14 846 15 057

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 350 6.0 5.0 300 5.0 0.0 250 4.0 -5.0 200 -10.0 3.0 150 -15.0 100 2.0 Thousands Percentage -20.0

1.0 of change Rate 50 -25.0 0 0.0 -30.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

124 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Cambodia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 38 116 237 304 336 Males (thousands) 19 58 116 148 162 Females (thousands) 19 59 121 156 173 Percentage of female migrants 50. 3 50. 6 51. 0 51. 3 51. 7 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.4 1.0 1.9 2. 2 2. 2 Annual rate of change 22. 2 14. 2 5. 0 2. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 22. 2 14. 2 5. 0 2. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 80 125 75 41

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 0 0 0 0 Percentage of international migrants — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 0 Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change — 15. 3 44. 2 -12. 1

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 12 121 200 353 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 4 3. 3 3. 2 4. 1

Population Total (thousands) 9 690 11 380 12 760 13 866 15 053 Males (thousands) 4 615 5 475 6 181 6 754 7 374 Females (thousands) 5 075 5 905 6 579 7 112 7 679 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 32. 2 22. 9 16. 6 16. 4 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 29. 2 21. 5 16. 5 16. 5 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 30. 0 16. 0 2. 0 -1. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 3. 1 1. 4 0. 2 -0. 1 Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 23 795 23 898

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 400 3.0 25.0 350 2.5 300 20.0 2.0 250 15.0 200 1.5 150 1.0 10.0 Thousands 100 Percentage 5.0 50 0.5 of change Rate 0 0.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 125 International Migration Report 2009 Cameroon

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 265 246 228 212 197 Males (thousands) 146 135 125 115 107 Females (thousands) 120 111 104 97 90 Percentage of female migrants 45. 2 45. 3 45. 4 45. 6 45. 7 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.2 1.8 1.4 1. 2 1. 0 Annual rate of change -1. 5 -1. 5 -1. 5 -1. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 4 -2. 0 -3. 0 -1. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -6 -5 -4 -4

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 49 45 46 55 48 Percentage of international migrants 18. 6 18. 2 20. 3 26. 2 24. 2 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 3 0. 2 0. 3 0. 4 0. 3 Annual rate of change -1. 8 0. 7 3. 5 -3. 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 23 11 11 77 167 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 0. 5 0. 8

Population Total (thousands) 12 233 14 054 15 865 17 823 19 958 Males (thousands) 6 080 6 991 7 902 8 895 9 981 Females (thousands) 6 153 7 063 7 964 8 928 9 978 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 27. 8 24. 2 23. 3 22. 6 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 27. 8 24. 2 23. 4 22. 8 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -1. 1 -0. 0 -2. 4 -3. 8 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 1 -0. 0 -0. 2 -0. 2 Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 36 736 36 821

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 300 3.0 0.0 250 2.5 -0.5 200 2.0 -1.0 -1.5 150 1.5 -2.0 100 1.0 Thousands Percentage -2.5

50 0.5 of change Rate -3.0 0 0.0 -3.5 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

126 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Canada

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 4 498 5 047 5 555 6 304 7 202 Males (thousands) 2 206 2 450 2 680 3 028 3 445 Females (thousands) 2 291 2 597 2 875 3 276 3 757 Percentage of female migrants 50. 9 51. 5 51. 8 52. 0 52. 2 Percentage of total migrant stock 2. 9 3. 0 3. 1 3. 2 3. 4 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 16.2 17.2 18.1 19. 5 21. 3 Annual rate of change 2. 3 1. 9 2. 5 2. 7 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 3 2. 1 2. 5 2. 7 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 667 643 898 1 071

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 145 169 125 144 164 Percentage of international migrants 3. 2 3. 4 2. 3 2. 3 2. 3 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 8 0. 9 0. 8 1. 0 1. 0 Annual rate of change 3. 1 -6. 0 2. 8 2. 5

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 27 701 29 302 30 687 32 307 33 890 Males (thousands) 13 733 14 503 15 196 16 000 16 787 Females (thousands) 13 967 14 799 15 491 16 307 17 103 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 11. 2 9. 2 10. 3 9. 6 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 6. 7 4. 3 3. 4 3. 2 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 128. 5 146. 6 217. 7 210. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 4. 6 5. 0 7. 1 6. 5 Percentage of total population 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 44 414 33 429

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 8,000 22.0 3.0 7,000 21.0 2.5 6,000 5,000 20.0 2.0 4,000 19.0 1.5 3,000 18.0 1.0 Thousands 2,000 Percentage

1,000 17.0 of change Rate 0.5 0 16.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 127 International Migration Report 2009 Cape Verde

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 9 10 10 11 12 Males (thousands) 4 5 5 6 6 Females (thousands) 5 5 5 6 6 Percentage of female migrants 50. 4 50. 4 50. 4 50. 4 50. 4 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.5 2.4 2.4 2. 3 2. 4 Annual rate of change 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 1 1 1

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 59 106 87 137 139 Percentage of gross domestic product 19. 2 21. 6 16. 1 13. 6 9. 7

Population Total (thousands) 354 398 439 477 513 Males (thousands) 166 188 208 228 245 Females (thousands) 188 210 231 250 267 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 23. 4 19. 5 16. 8 14. 2 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 28. 6 25. 2 22. 2 19. 3 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -2. 0 -2. 4 -2. 5 -2. 5 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -5. 6 -6. 0 -5. 7 -5. 2 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 703 867

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 14 5.0 1.5 12 4.5 1.5 10 4.0 1.5 8 3.5 6 1.5 4 3.0 1.5 Thousands Percentage

2 2.5 of change Rate 1.5 0 2.0 1.5 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

128 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Cayman Islands

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 13 18 24 34 36 Males (thousands) 6 9 12 17 18 Females (thousands) 6 9 12 17 17 Percentage of female migrants 50. 8 50. 2 49. 6 49. 0 48. 4 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 48.6 54.8 59.2 64. 6 63. 0 Annual rate of change 7. 0 5. 6 7. 0 1. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 7. 0 5. 6 7. 0 1. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 6 6 10 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 26 33 40 53 57 Males (thousands) 13 16 20 26 28 Females (thousands) 13 17 21 27 29 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 46. 1 41. 0 52. 7 14. 8 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 12. 0 10. 9 9. 4 7. 5 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 1. 0 1. 1 2. 0 0. 4 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 38. 3 33. 4 49. 5 7. 6 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 66 56

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 40 8.0 35 63.0 7.0 30 6.0 25 58.0 5.0 20 4.0 15 3.0 53.0 Thousands 10 Percentage 2.0 5 of change Rate 1.0 0 48.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 129 International Migration Report 2009 Central African Republic

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 63 67 71 76 80 Males (thousands) 33 36 38 40 43 Females (thousands) 29 31 33 35 38 Percentage of female migrants 46. 6 46. 6 46. 6 46. 6 46. 6 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.1 2.0 1.9 1. 8 1. 8 Annual rate of change 1. 2 1. 2 1. 2 1. 2 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -16. 6 -6. 7 20. 1 6. 6 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 8 9 9 10

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 3 41 52 25 10 Percentage of international migrants 5. 4 61. 2 73. 9 32. 8 12. 4 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 2 0. 3 0. 2 0. 1 Annual rate of change 49. 8 5. 0 -15. 0 -18. 3

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 2 928 3 335 3 746 4 101 4 506 Males (thousands) 1 438 1 636 1 837 2 013 2 214 Females (thousands) 1 491 1 698 1 908 2 089 2 292 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 26. 0 23. 3 18. 1 18. 8 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 23. 5 22. 6 20. 4 18. 6 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 7. 5 2. 3 -9. 0 1. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 2. 6 0. 7 -2. 4 0. 2 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 7 603 7 587

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 100 4.0 30.0 3.5 80 20.0 3.0 60 10.0 2.5 40 2.0 0.0 Thousands Percentage 20 -10.0

1.5 of change Rate

0 1.0 -20.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

130 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Chad

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 74 78 105 358 388 Males (thousands) 40 42 56 186 202 Females (thousands) 34 36 48 172 186 Percentage of female migrants 46. 0 46. 1 46. 1 48. 0 48. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.2 1.1 1.2 3. 6 3. 4 Annual rate of change 1. 0 5. 8 24. 6 1. 6 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 0 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 8 31 260 52

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 0 21 268 290 Percentage of international migrants — 0. 1 19. 6 74. 7 74. 8 Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 1 1. 9 1. 8 Annual rate of change — 105. 6 51. 3 1. 6

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 6 105 7 128 8 402 10 019 11 506 Males (thousands) 3 016 3 527 4 164 4 973 5 720 Females (thousands) 3 089 3 600 4 238 5 045 5 786 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 31. 0 32. 9 35. 2 27. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 31. 2 31. 0 30. 4 29. 0 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -2. 1 13. 9 43. 8 -15. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 3 1. 9 5. 2 -1. 5 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 27 776 28 541

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 500 4.0 30.0 3.5 400 25.0 3.0 300 2.5 20.0 2.0 15.0 200 1.5 10.0 Thousands 1.0 Percentage 100 0.5 of change Rate 5.0 0 0.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 131 International Migration Report 2009 Channel Islands

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 40 57 63 68 75 Males (thousands) 19 27 29 32 35 Females (thousands) 21 30 33 36 40 Percentage of female migrants 52. 9 53. 0 53. 0 53. 0 53. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 28.3 39.8 42.7 46. 0 49. 8 Annual rate of change 7. 1 1. 8 1. 8 1. 8 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 7. 1 1. 8 1. 8 1. 8 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 19 8 8 9

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 142 144 147 149 150 Males (thousands) 69 70 72 73 73 Females (thousands) 73 74 75 76 77 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 3. 0 3. 7 2. 6 1. 9 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 0. 4 0. 3 0. 6 -0. 1 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 4 0. 5 0. 3 0. 3 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 2. 6 3. 5 2. 0 2. 0 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 144 128

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 80 8.0 48.0 70 7.0 60 43.0 6.0 50 5.0 40 38.0 4.0 30 3.0 Thousands 20 33.0 Percentage 2.0 10 of change Rate 1.0 0 28.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

132 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Chile

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 108 136 177 231 320 Males (thousands) 55 68 87 110 149 Females (thousands) 53 68 91 121 171 Percentage of female migrants 49. 3 49. 9 51. 1 52. 3 53. 5 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.8 0.9 1.2 1. 4 1. 9 Annual rate of change 4. 7 5. 3 5. 3 6. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 4. 7 5. 3 5. 3 6. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 31 44 57 94

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 0 0 0 1 1 Percentage of international migrants 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 3 0. 4 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change 6. 7 6. 4 13. 9 12. 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 1 .. 13 13 3 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 0 .. 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Population Total (thousands) 13 191 14 410 15 419 16 297 17 135 Males (thousands) 6 515 7 125 7 626 8 062 8 474 Females (thousands) 6 676 7 285 7 793 8 236 8 661 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 17. 7 13. 5 11. 1 10. 0 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 16. 4 12. 7 10. 7 9. 7 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 18. 0 12. 0 6. 0 6. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 1. 4 0. 8 0. 4 0. 4 Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 20 657 20 344

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 350 3.0 7.0 300 2.5 6.0 250 2.0 5.0 200 4.0 1.5 150 3.0 100 1.0 Thousands Percentage 2.0

0.5 of change Rate 50 1.0 0 0.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 133 International Migration Report 2009 China

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 376 437 508 590 686 Males (thousands) 192 219 254 295 343 Females (thousands) 184 219 254 295 343 Percentage of female migrants 49. 0 50. 0 50. 0 50. 0 50. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.0 0.0 0.0 0. 0 0. 1 Annual rate of change 3. 0 3. 0 3. 0 3. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 10. 0 7. 2 6. 1 5. 6 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 71 82 95 111

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 286 288 294 300 301 Percentage of international migrants 75. 9 65. 8 57. 8 50. 9 43. 9 Percentage of total refugee population 1. 5 1. 6 1. 9 2. 2 1. 8 Annual rate of change 0. 1 0. 4 0. 4 0. 1

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 210 1 053 6 244 20 337 32 833 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 1 0. 1 0. 5 0. 9 1. 0

Population Total (thousands) 1 142 090 1 210 969 1 266 954 1 312 253 1 354 146 Males (thousands) 589 213 625 939 656 022 680 544 702 843 Females (thousands) 552 877 585 030 610 932 631 709 651 304 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 11. 7 9. 0 7. 0 6. 3 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 11. 9 9. 2 7. 3 6. 5 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -165. 9 -157. 2 -411. 7 -346. 2 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 3 -0. 3 Percentage of total population 21. 6 21. 2 20. 7 20. 2 19. 6

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 1 417 045 1 432 567

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 800 2.0 12.0 700 1.5 10.0 600 500 1.0 8.0 400 0.5 6.0 300 0.0 4.0 Thousands 200 Percentage

100 -0.5 of change Rate 2.0 0 -1.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

134 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 2 218 2 431 2 669 2 721 2 742 Males (thousands) 1 125 1 180 1 226 1 185 1 178 Females (thousands) 1 094 1 251 1 443 1 536 1 563 Percentage of female migrants 49. 3 51. 5 54. 1 56. 5 57. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 1. 4 1. 5 1. 5 1. 4 1. 3 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 38.9 39.1 40.0 39. 5 38. 8 Annual rate of change 1. 8 1. 9 0. 4 0. 2 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 9 1. 9 0. 4 0. 2 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 257 285 105 81

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 10 2 1 2 1 Percentage of international migrants 0. 5 0. 1 0. 0 0. 1 0. 0 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change -36. 9 -9. 7 13. 3 -12. 5

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. .. 136 297 317 Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2

Population Total (thousands) 5 704 6 214 6 667 6 883 7 069 Males (thousands) 2 922 3 087 3 221 3 292 3 348 Females (thousands) 2 782 3 127 3 446 3 591 3 721 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 17. 1 14. 1 6. 4 5. 4 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 7. 0 4. 7 3. 0 2. 1 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 60. 0 60. 0 22. 7 22. 7 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 10. 5 9. 7 3. 4 3. 3 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 8 623 5 698

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 3,000 41.0 2.5 2,500 40.5 2.0 2,000 40.0 1.5 1,500 39.5 1,000 39.0 1.0 Thousands Percentage 0.5

500 38.5 of change Rate

0 38.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 135 International Migration Report 2009 China, Macao Special Administrative Region

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 200 224 240 278 300 Males (thousands) 94 103 109 130 145 Females (thousands) 106 121 131 148 155 Percentage of female migrants 53. 0 53. 9 54. 6 53. 4 51. 7 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 53.9 54.5 54.5 57. 0 54. 7 Annual rate of change 2. 3 1. 4 2. 9 1. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 3 1. 4 2. 9 1. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 27 19 42 26

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 0 0 — — — Percentage of international migrants 0. 2 0. 0 — — — Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 — — — Annual rate of change -71. 0 — — —

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... 588 399 Percentage of gross domestic product ...... 5. 1 2. 1

Population Total (thousands) 372 412 441 488 548 Males (thousands) 181 199 212 233 261 Females (thousands) 191 213 229 255 287 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 20. 2 13. 7 20. 1 23. 2 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 12. 5 6. 5 2. 9 3. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 3. 0 3. 0 8. 0 10. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 8. 2 7. 4 18. 1 20. 5 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 593 486

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 350 58.0 3.5 300 57.0 3.0 250 2.5 56.0 200 2.0 150 55.0 1.5 100 Thousands Percentage 1.0 54.0 50 of change Rate 0.5 0 53.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

136 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Colombia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 104 109 110 110 110 Males (thousands) 53 56 56 57 57 Females (thousands) 51 54 53 53 53 Percentage of female migrants 49. 1 49. 1 48. 7 48. 3 47. 9 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.3 0.3 0.3 0. 3 0. 2 Annual rate of change 0. 9 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 7 3 3 3

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 1 0 0 0 0 Percentage of international migrants 0. 6 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change -15. 5 -2. 6 -9. 2 1. 1

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 495 815 1 610 3 346 4 523 Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 0 0. 9 1. 9 2. 7 2. 7

Population Total (thousands) 33 204 36 459 39 773 43 049 46 300 Males (thousands) 16 475 18 025 19 626 21 213 22 785 Females (thousands) 16 728 18 434 20 147 21 836 23 515 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 18. 7 17. 4 15. 8 14. 6 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 20. 1 18. 2 16. 4 15. 1 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -50. 0 -30. 0 -24. 0 -24. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 5 -0. 8 -0. 6 -0. 6 Percentage of total population 0. 6 0. 6 0. 7 0. 7 0. 7

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 62 877 64 152

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 112 3.0 1.2 110 2.5 1.0 108 2.0 0.8 106 1.5 0.6 104 1.0 0.4 Thousands Percentage

102 0.5 of change Rate 0.2 100 0.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 137 International Migration Report 2009 Comoros

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 14 14 14 14 14 Males (thousands) 7 7 7 6 6 Females (thousands) 7 7 7 7 7 Percentage of female migrants 52. 3 52. 5 52. 8 53. 1 53. 3 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.2 2.8 2.5 2. 2 2. 0 Annual rate of change -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 0 0 0

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — — 0 0 0 Percentage of international migrants — — 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 Percentage of total refugee population — — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change — — -46. 1 —

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 10 12 12 12 12 Percentage of gross domestic product 4. 1 5. 2 5. 9 3. 1 2. 6

Population Total (thousands) 438 493 552 616 691 Males (thousands) 219 247 277 309 347 Females (thousands) 219 246 275 307 344 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 23. 9 22. 4 22. 1 22. 9 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 25. 2 24. 7 25. 5 26. 0 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 6 -1. 2 -2. 0 -2. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 4 -2. 4 -3. 6 -3. 2 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 1 226 1 334

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 14 4.0 -0.2 3.5 14 -0.2 3.0 14 -0.2 2.5 14 2.0 -0.2 Thousands Percentage 13 -0.2

1.5 of change Rate

13 1.0 -0.2 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

138 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Congo

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 130 131 105 129 143 Males (thousands) 64 65 53 65 72 Females (thousands) 65 65 52 64 71 Percentage of female migrants 50. 3 50. 1 49. 9 49. 6 49. 4 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 5.3 4.7 3.5 3. 8 3. 8 Annual rate of change 0. 2 -4. 4 4. 1 2. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -2. 2 -31. 6 19. 4 8. 9 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 6 -20 29 20

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 3 17 82 67 47 Percentage of international migrants 2. 5 13. 4 77. 8 52. 2 32. 9 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 1 0. 5 0. 5 0. 3 Annual rate of change 34. 0 30. 8 -3. 8 -7. 1

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 4 10 11 15 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 2 0. 3 0. 2 0. 2

Population Total (thousands) 2 446 2 782 3 036 3 417 3 759 Males (thousands) 1 218 1 385 1 512 1 704 1 877 Females (thousands) 1 228 1 397 1 524 1 713 1 882 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 25. 7 17. 4 23. 7 19. 1 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 26. 8 23. 6 23. 4 21. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -2. 9 -18. 1 0. 7 -10. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 2 -6. 5 0. 2 -2. 9 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 6 863 6 630

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 160 6.0 30.0 140 5.5 20.0 120 10.0 100 5.0 0.0 80 4.5 -10.0 60 4.0 Thousands 40 Percentage -20.0

3.5 of change Rate 20 -30.0 0 3.0 -40.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 139 International Migration Report 2009 Cook Islands

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 3 3 3 3 3 Males (thousands) 1 2 2 2 2 Females (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1 Percentage of female migrants 44. 2 44. 2 44. 3 44. 3 44. 3 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 14.6 14.8 15.9 14. 6 14. 1 Annual rate of change 1. 1 0. 4 0. 1 0. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 1 0. 4 0. 1 0. 1 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 0 0 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 18 19 18 19 20 Males (thousands) 9 10 9 10 10 Females (thousands) 9 9 9 9 10 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 8. 1 -10. 5 16. 6 8. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 21. 3 18. 6 14. 0 11. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 2 -0. 5 0. 0 -0. 1 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -13. 4 -28. 3 2. 7 -3. 2 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 24 27

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 3 16.0 1.2 3 15.5 1.0 3 3 15.0 0.8 3 14.5 0.6 3 14.0 0.4 Thousands 3 Percentage

3 13.5 of change Rate 0.2 2 13.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

140 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Costa Rica

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 418 228 311 443 489 Males (thousands) 212 116 157 222 245 Females (thousands) 205 113 154 220 244 Percentage of female migrants 49. 2 49. 4 49. 6 49. 8 50. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 3 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 13.6 6.6 7.9 10. 2 10. 5 Annual rate of change -12. 1 6. 2 7. 1 2. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 7. 5 7. 5 7. 5 1. 8 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -183 86 136 53

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 278 24 14 11 17 Percentage of international migrants 66. 4 10. 7 4. 6 2. 4 3. 5 Percentage of total refugee population 1. 5 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Annual rate of change -48. 6 -10. 8 -5. 4 9. 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 12 123 136 420 635 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 2 1. 0 0. 9 2. 1 2. 5

Population Total (thousands) 3 078 3 479 3 931 4 328 4 640 Males (thousands) 1 566 1 769 1 999 2 200 2 356 Females (thousands) 1 512 1 710 1 932 2 128 2 284 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 24. 5 24. 4 19. 3 13. 9 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 20. 6 17. 5 15. 2 12. 6 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 12. 5 25. 5 16. 8 6. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 4. 1 7. 3 4. 3 1. 4 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 6 373 6 040

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 600 14.0 10.0 500 13.0 12.0 5.0 400 11.0 0.0 300 10.0 200 9.0 -5.0 Thousands 8.0 Percentage -10.0 100 7.0 of change Rate 0 6.0 -15.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 141 International Migration Report 2009 Côte d'Ivoire

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 1 816 1 985 2 336 2 371 2 407 Males (thousands) 1 012 1 102 1 290 1 302 1 321 Females (thousands) 805 883 1 047 1 069 1 085 Percentage of female migrants 44. 3 44. 5 44. 8 45. 1 45. 1 Percentage of total migrant stock 1. 2 1. 2 1. 3 1. 2 1. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 14.4 13.3 13.5 12. 3 11. 2 Annual rate of change 1. 8 3. 3 0. 3 0. 3 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 3 5. 7 1. 0 0. 6 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 243 434 138 131

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 136 329 130 57 26 Percentage of international migrants 7. 5 16. 6 5. 5 2. 4 1. 1 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 7 1. 8 0. 8 0. 4 0. 2 Annual rate of change 17. 6 -18. 6 -16. 5 -15. 7

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 44 151 119 163 179 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 4 1. 4 1. 1 1. 0 0. 9

Population Total (thousands) 12 610 14 981 17 281 19 245 21 571 Males (thousands) 6 548 7 759 8 898 9 843 10 976 Females (thousands) 6 063 7 222 8 384 9 402 10 595 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 34. 5 28. 6 21. 5 22. 8 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 28. 9 26. 4 25. 2 24. 2 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 75. 0 35. 0 -67. 7 -29. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 5. 9 2. 3 -3. 9 -1. 5 Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 43 373 43 085

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 3,000 15.0 7.0 6.0 2,500 14.0 5.0 2,000 13.0 4.0 1,500 3.0 12.0 1,000 2.0 Thousands 11.0 Percentage 1.0

500 of change Rate 0.0 0 10.0 -1.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

142 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Croatia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 475 721 616 661 700 Males (thousands) 223 338 289 311 329 Females (thousands) 253 383 327 351 371 Percentage of female migrants 53. 2 53. 1 53. 1 53. 0 53. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 3 0. 4 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 10.5 15.4 13.7 14. 9 15. 9 Annual rate of change 8. 3 -3. 2 1. 4 1. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 2 2. 2 2. 2 1. 2 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 264 -77 71 67

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 191 25 3 2 Percentage of international migrants — 26. 5 4. 1 0. 5 0. 3 Percentage of total refugee population — 1. 0 0. 2 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change — -40. 4 -40. 9 -9. 6

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 544 641 1 222 1 394 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 2. 9 3. 5 3. 2 2. 7

Population Total (thousands) 4 517 4 669 4 505 4 443 4 410 Males (thousands) 2 185 2 250 2 170 2 139 2 125 Females (thousands) 2 332 2 419 2 335 2 304 2 285 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 6. 6 -7. 1 -2. 8 -1. 5 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population -0. 0 -0. 2 -2. 2 -2. 0 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 30. 5 -32. 0 -2. 6 2. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 6. 8 -6. 9 -0. 6 0. 5 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 3 825 3 723

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 800 16.0 10.0 700 15.0 8.0 600 6.0 500 14.0 4.0 400 13.0 2.0 300 12.0 Thousands 200 Percentage 0.0

11.0 of change Rate 100 -2.0 0 10.0 -4.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 143 International Migration Report 2009 Cuba

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 35 25 18 15 15 Males (thousands) 25 18 13 11 11 Females (thousands) 10 7 5 4 4 Percentage of female migrants 29. 1 29. 0 29. 0 29. 0 28. 9 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.3 0.2 0.2 0. 1 0. 1 Annual rate of change -6. 6 -6. 6 -3. 0 -0. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -5. 8 -6. 1 -2. 9 0. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -9 -6 -2 0

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 4 2 1 1 1 Percentage of international migrants 11. 5 7. 7 5. 4 4. 9 4. 2 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change -14. 7 -13. 8 -4. 9 -3. 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 10 587 10 910 11 087 11 193 11 204 Males (thousands) 5 325 5 478 5 550 5 614 5 616 Females (thousands) 5 262 5 432 5 537 5 579 5 588 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 6. 0 3. 2 1. 9 0. 2 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 8. 2 6. 2 4. 8 3. 7 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -24. 0 -32. 9 -32. 7 -38. 8 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -2. 3 -3. 0 -2. 9 -3. 5 Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 9 725 10 491

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 40 2.0 1.0 35 1.5 0.0 30 -1.0 1.0 25 -2.0 20 0.5 -3.0 15 0.0 -4.0 Thousands 10 Percentage -5.0

-0.5 of change Rate 5 -6.0 0 -1.0 -7.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

144 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Cyprus

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 44 55 80 116 154 Males (thousands) 20 25 35 50 66 Females (thousands) 23 30 45 66 88 Percentage of female migrants 53. 3 54. 6 56. 6 57. 1 57. 2 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 6.4 7.5 10.2 13. 9 17. 5 Annual rate of change 4. 6 7. 4 7. 4 5. 7 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 4. 6 7. 4 7. 4 5. 6 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 13 26 38 41

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 0 0 0 1 1 Percentage of international migrants 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 5 0. 7 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change 25. 6 9. 3 37. 0 10. 8

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 79 49 64 190 172 Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 4 0. 5 0. 7 1. 1 0. 8

Population Total (thousands) 681 731 787 836 880 Males (thousands) 339 365 387 407 429 Females (thousands) 341 366 399 429 451 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 14. 4 14. 5 12. 2 10. 2 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 9. 9 6. 9 5. 0 4. 4 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 3. 2 5. 8 5. 8 5. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 4. 7 7. 9 7. 4 6. 0 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 1 175 904

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 200 18.0 8.0 16.0 7.0 150 6.0 14.0 5.0 100 12.0 4.0 10.0 3.0 Thousands 50 Percentage 2.0

8.0 of change Rate 1.0 0 6.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 145 International Migration Report 2009 Czech Republic

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 424 454 453 453 453 Males (thousands) 189 205 207 210 212 Females (thousands) 236 249 246 244 241 Percentage of female migrants 55. 5 54. 9 54. 3 53. 8 53. 2 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 2 0. 2 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 4.1 4.4 4.4 4. 4 4. 4 Annual rate of change 1. 3 -0. 0 -0. 0 -0. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 2 0. 0 -0. 0 -0. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 47 18 18 18

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 2 1 1 2 Percentage of international migrants — 0. 4 0. 3 0. 3 0. 4 Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change — -9. 3 4. 0 5. 7

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 191 297 1 026 1 332 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 3 0. 5 0. 8 0. 8

Population Total (thousands) 10 303 10 319 10 224 10 195 10 411 Males (thousands) 5 001 5 015 4 975 4 971 5 115 Females (thousands) 5 302 5 304 5 249 5 224 5 296 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 0. 3 -1. 8 -0. 6 4. 2 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 0. 2 -2. 1 -1. 9 -0. 2 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 1. 6 2. 4 13. 4 45. 1 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 0. 2 0. 2 1. 3 4. 4 Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 10 294 9 148

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 460 6.0 1.4 450 5.5 1.2 1.0 440 5.0 0.8 430 4.5 0.6 420 4.0 0.4 Thousands Percentage 0.2

410 3.5 of change Rate 0.0 400 3.0 -0.2 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

146 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Democratic People's Republic of Korea

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 34 35 36 37 37 Males (thousands) 17 18 18 18 17 Females (thousands) 17 18 18 19 20 Percentage of female migrants 49. 0 50. 0 51. 0 52. 0 53. 1 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.2 0.2 0.2 0. 2 0. 2 Annual rate of change 0. 7 0. 5 0. 3 0. 2 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 7 0. 5 0. 3 0. 2 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 2 2 2 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 20 143 21 717 22 859 23 529 23 991 Males (thousands) 9 870 10 656 11 227 11 592 11 852 Females (thousands) 10 273 11 061 11 631 11 937 12 139 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 15. 0 10. 2 5. 8 3. 9 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 15. 0 10. 2 5. 8 3. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) — — — — Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population — — — — Percentage of total population 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 3

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 24 562 24 562

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 38 2.0 0.8 37 1.5 0.7 0.6 36 1.0 0.5 35 0.5 0.4 34 0.0 0.3 Thousands Percentage 0.2

33 -0.5 of change Rate 0.1 32 -1.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 147 International Migration Report 2009 Democratic Republic of the Congo

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 754 1 919 616 480 445 Males (thousands) 363 920 295 226 209 Females (thousands) 391 999 322 254 236 Percentage of female migrants 51. 9 52. 0 52. 2 52. 9 53. 1 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 5 1. 2 0. 3 0. 2 0. 2 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.0 4.3 1.2 0. 8 0. 7 Annual rate of change 18. 7 -22. 7 -5. 0 -1. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -2. 0 -2. 0 -2. 0 -2. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 214 -1166 -97 -5

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 379 1 579 309 202 193 Percentage of international migrants 50. 2 82. 3 50. 1 42. 0 43. 4 Percentage of total refugee population 2. 0 8. 5 2. 0 1. 5 1. 2 Annual rate of change 28. 6 -32. 6 -8. 5 -0. 9

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 37 016 44 921 50 829 59 077 67 827 Males (thousands) 18 233 22 174 25 125 29 249 33 620 Females (thousands) 18 783 22 747 25 705 29 828 34 208 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 38. 7 24. 7 30. 1 27. 6 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 32. 7 30. 4 30. 9 27. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 241. 6 -275. 8 -47. 3 -20. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 6. 5 -6. 1 -0. 9 -0. 3 Percentage of total population 0. 7 0. 8 0. 8 0. 9 1. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 147 512 148 375

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 2,500 5.0 30.0 2,000 4.0 20.0

1,500 3.0 10.0 0.0 1,000 2.0 -10.0 Thousands 500 1.0 Percentage

Rate of change Rate -20.0 0 0.0 -30.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

148 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Denmark

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 235 297 371 421 484 Males (thousands) 114 145 180 202 237 Females (thousands) 121 152 191 218 247 Percentage of female migrants 51. 4 51. 2 51. 5 51. 9 51. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 4.6 5.7 7.0 7. 8 8. 8 Annual rate of change 4. 7 4. 4 2. 5 2. 8 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 3 4. 5 3. 9 4. 2 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 72 86 64 79

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 32 57 70 55 32 Percentage of international migrants 13. 5 19. 2 18. 9 13. 0 6. 6 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 2 0. 3 0. 4 0. 4 0. 2 Annual rate of change 11. 7 4. 0 -4. 9 -10. 9

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 523 667 867 1 028 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 3 0. 4 0. 3 0. 3

Population Total (thousands) 5 140 5 228 5 335 5 417 5 481 Males (thousands) 2 533 2 580 2 637 2 680 2 718 Females (thousands) 2 607 2 648 2 698 2 737 2 763 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 3. 4 4. 1 3. 0 2. 4 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 1. 1 1. 3 1. 3 1. 3 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 11. 7 14. 7 9. 1 6. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 2. 3 2. 8 1. 7 1. 1 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 5 551 5 213

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 600 9.0 5.0 500 8.0 4.0 400 7.0 3.0 300 6.0 200 2.0 Thousands Percentage 5.0 1.0

100 of change Rate

0 4.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 149 International Migration Report 2009 Djibouti

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 122 105 110 110 114 Males (thousands) 64 55 58 59 62 Females (thousands) 58 50 52 51 52 Percentage of female migrants 47. 4 47. 3 47. 1 46. 5 45. 9 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 21.8 16.9 15.1 13. 7 13. 0 Annual rate of change -3. 0 0. 9 0. 0 0. 7 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 0 3. 0 2. 0 2. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -11 10 5 8

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 55 30 23 14 8 Percentage of international migrants 44. 6 28. 9 21. 1 12. 9 7. 0 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 3 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 Annual rate of change -11. 7 -5. 3 -9. 8 -11. 7

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 12 .. 26 29 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 2. 4 .. 3. 6 3. 4

Population Total (thousands) 560 624 730 805 879 Males (thousands) 279 311 364 402 439 Females (thousands) 281 313 365 403 440 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 21. 5 31. 3 19. 7 17. 6 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 26. 5 22. 4 19. 7 17. 6 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -3. 0 6. 0 — — Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -5. 4 9. 6 — — Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 1 469 1 400

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 125 22.0 4.0 3.0 120 20.0 2.0 115 18.0 1.0 110 0.0 16.0 105 -1.0 Thousands 14.0 Percentage -2.0

100 of change Rate -3.0 95 12.0 -4.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

150 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Dominica

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 3 3 4 5 6 Males (thousands) 1 2 2 2 3 Females (thousands) 1 1 2 2 3 Percentage of female migrants 48. 0 47. 4 46. 8 46. 2 45. 6 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.7 4.5 5.5 6. 7 8. 3 Annual rate of change 3. 9 3. 9 3. 9 3. 9 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 9 3. 9 3. 9 3. 9 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 1 1 1

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 14 3 3 25 26 Percentage of gross domestic product 8. 4 1. 4 1. 1 8. 3 8. 0

Population Total (thousands) 69 69 68 67 67 Males (thousands) 34 34 34 34 33 Females (thousands) 35 34 34 34 33 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -0. 3 -1. 9 -1. 8 -2. 8 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 13. 2 8. 8 7. 1 6. 1 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 9 -0. 7 -0. 6 -0. 6 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -13. 5 -10. 6 -8. 8 -8. 9 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 66 80

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 6 9.0 3.9 5 8.0 3.9 3.9 4 7.0 3.9 3 6.0 3.9 2 5.0 3.9 Thousands Percentage 3.9

1 4.0 of change Rate 3.9 0 3.0 3.9 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 151 International Migration Report 2009 Dominican Republic

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 291 322 356 393 434 Males (thousands) 182 198 216 235 256 Females (thousands) 109 124 140 158 178 Percentage of female migrants 37. 6 38. 4 39. 3 40. 1 41. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.9 4.0 4.0 4. 1 4. 2 Annual rate of change 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 1 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 37 41 45 50

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 3 1 1 — — Percentage of international migrants 0. 9 0. 3 0. 2 — — Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 — — Annual rate of change -17. 2 -13. 6 — —

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 315 839 1 839 2 719 3 414 Percentage of gross domestic product 3. 4 5. 4 7. 8 8. 1 8. 3

Population Total (thousands) 7 374 8 124 8 830 9 533 10 225 Males (thousands) 3 725 4 096 4 446 4 795 5 135 Females (thousands) 3 649 4 027 4 384 4 739 5 090 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 19. 4 16. 7 15. 3 14. 0 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 22. 7 20. 0 18. 5 16. 8 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -25. 8 -27. 9 -29. 5 -28. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -3. 5 -3. 4 -3. 3 -2. 9 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 13 441 15 040

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 500 6.0 2.2 5.5 400 2.1 5.0 300 2.1 4.5 200 4.0 2.0 Thousands Percentage 100 2.0

3.5 of change Rate

0 3.0 1.9 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

152 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Ecuador

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 79 88 101 124 394 Males (thousands) 39 44 51 63 203 Females (thousands) 40 45 50 61 191 Percentage of female migrants 51. 0 50. 5 49. 8 49. 1 48. 4 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 2 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.8 0.8 0.8 0. 9 2. 9 Annual rate of change 2. 3 2. 7 4. 0 23. 2 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 4 2. 6 2. 6 2. 6 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 11 15 24 272

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 1 0 1 9 263 Percentage of international migrants 0. 8 0. 3 0. 9 7. 5 66. 9 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 1. 6 Annual rate of change -20. 9 29. 2 45. 4 67. 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 51 386 1 322 2 460 3 094 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 5 1. 9 8. 3 6. 6 7. 0

Population Total (thousands) 10 278 11 407 12 310 13 063 13 775 Males (thousands) 5 167 5 731 6 180 6 550 6 898 Females (thousands) 5 111 5 676 6 130 6 513 6 877 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 20. 8 15. 2 11. 9 10. 6 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 21. 7 20. 3 18. 2 15. 8 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -10. 0 -60. 0 -80. 0 -70. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 0 -5. 3 -6. 5 -5. 4 Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 17 989 19 712

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 500 3.0 25.0 2.5 400 20.0 2.0 300 15.0 1.5 200 1.0 10.0 Thousands Percentage 100 5.0

0.5 of change Rate

0 0.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 153 International Migration Report 2009 Egypt

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 176 174 169 247 245 Males (thousands) 93 92 90 131 131 Females (thousands) 83 82 79 115 114 Percentage of female migrants 47. 1 47. 0 46. 8 46. 7 46. 6 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.3 0.3 0.2 0. 3 0. 3 Annual rate of change -0. 1 -0. 6 7. 6 -0. 2 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 7 -0. 7 -0. 7 -0. 7 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 4 -1 81 3

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 2 6 7 90 93 Percentage of international migrants 1. 1 3. 6 4. 0 36. 3 37. 9 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 6 0. 6 Annual rate of change 24. 4 1. 2 51. 9 0. 7

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 4 284 3 226 2 852 5 017 7 656 Percentage of gross domestic product 10. 9 4. 7 2. 9 5. 1 5. 7

Population Total (thousands) 57 785 63 858 70 174 77 154 84 474 Males (thousands) 29 074 32 157 35 339 38 822 42 477 Females (thousands) 28 711 31 701 34 835 38 333 41 998 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 20. 0 18. 9 19. 0 18. 1 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 21. 6 20. 5 19. 7 19. 0 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -99. 6 -107. 3 -58. 3 -68. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 7 -1. 7 -0. 8 -0. 9 Percentage of total population 1. 1 1. 1 1. 1 1. 2 1. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 129 533 134 445

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 300 3.0 8.0 250 2.5 6.0 200 2.0 4.0 150 1.5 100 1.0 2.0 Thousands Percentage 0.0

50 0.5 of change Rate

0 0.0 -2.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

154 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 El Salvador

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 47 28 32 36 40 Males (thousands) 22 13 15 17 19 Females (thousands) 25 15 17 19 21 Percentage of female migrants 53. 1 53. 2 53. 0 52. 8 52. 5 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.9 0.5 0.5 0. 6 0. 7 Annual rate of change -10. 3 2. 3 2. 5 2. 3 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 9 2. 4 2. 4 2. 4 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -18 4 5 5

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 21 0 0 0 0 Percentage of international migrants 43. 3 0. 5 0. 1 0. 4 0. 1 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change -97. 7 -26. 1 24. 4 -25. 8

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 366 1 064 1 765 3 030 3 711 Percentage of gross domestic product 7. 6 11. 2 13. 4 17. 7 18. 2

Population Total (thousands) 5 330 5 728 5 945 6 059 6 194 Males (thousands) 2 593 2 773 2 855 2 879 2 918 Females (thousands) 2 737 2 955 3 090 3 180 3 276 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 14. 4 7. 4 3. 8 4. 4 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 23. 4 20. 6 15. 1 13. 6 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -49. 9 -76. 8 -67. 9 -55. 9 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -9. 4 -13. 4 -11. 4 -9. 2 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 7 882 8 917

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 50 3.0 4.0 2.0 40 2.5 0.0 2.0 30 -2.0 1.5 -4.0 20 1.0 -6.0 Thousands 10 Percentage -8.0

0.5 of change Rate -10.0 0 0.0 -12.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 155 International Migration Report 2009 Equatorial Guinea

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 3 4 5 6 7 Males (thousands) 1 2 2 3 4 Females (thousands) 1 2 2 3 4 Percentage of female migrants 46. 5 47. 4 47. 0 47. 0 47. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.7 0.8 0.9 1. 0 1. 1 Annual rate of change 5. 0 5. 0 5. 0 5. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 5. 0 5. 0 5. 0 5. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 1 2 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 379 452 529 609 693 Males (thousands) 187 223 262 302 344 Females (thousands) 192 229 267 307 349 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 35. 1 31. 4 28. 1 26. 0 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 27. 8 25. 2 22. 8 22. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 3. 0 3. 0 3. 0 2. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 7. 9 6. 6 5. 7 3. 3 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 1 445 1 445

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 8 3.0 5.0 7 2.5 5.0 6 5 2.0 5.0 4 1.5 5.0 3 1.0 5.0 Thousands 2 Percentage

1 0.5 of change Rate 5.0 0 0.0 5.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

156 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Eritrea

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 12 12 13 15 16 Males (thousands) 6 6 7 8 9 Females (thousands) 6 6 6 7 8 Percentage of female migrants 47. 4 47. 3 47. 1 46. 5 45. 9 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.4 0.4 0.4 0. 3 0. 3 Annual rate of change 0. 2 1. 6 2. 4 2. 4 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 3 -1. 1 -0. 4 2. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 1 2 2

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 1 2 4 5 Percentage of international migrants — 7. 5 19. 1 29. 6 29. 3 Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change — 20. 4 11. 2 2. 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. .. 3 .. .. Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. 0. 4 .. ..

Population Total (thousands) 3 158 3 206 3 657 4 473 5 224 Males (thousands) 1 549 1 564 1 790 2 194 2 571 Females (thousands) 1 609 1 642 1 868 2 279 2 653 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 3. 0 26. 3 40. 3 31. 0 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 25. 6 26. 8 28. 9 28. 7 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -71. 7 -1. 8 45. 9 11. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -22. 7 -0. 6 12. 5 2. 5 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 10 787 10 726

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 20 3.0 3.0 2.5 15 2.0 2.0 1.0 10 1.5 1.0 0.0 Thousands 5 Percentage -1.0

0.5 of change Rate

0 0.0 -2.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 157 International Migration Report 2009 Estonia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 382 309 250 202 182 Males (thousands) 172 132 101 82 74 Females (thousands) 210 177 149 120 109 Percentage of female migrants 55. 1 57. 3 59. 6 59. 6 59. 6 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 24.4 21.4 18.2 15. 0 13. 6 Annual rate of change -4. 3 -4. 3 -4. 3 -2. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -4. 3 -4. 3 -4. 3 -2. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -54 -44 -36 -10

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — — 0 0 0 Percentage of international migrants — — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Percentage of total refugee population — — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change — — 30. 1 5. 8

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 1 3 264 426 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 0 0. 1 1. 9 2. 0

Population Total (thousands) 1 567 1 439 1 370 1 347 1 339 Males (thousands) 734 667 632 621 618 Females (thousands) 834 772 738 726 722 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -17. 1 -9. 8 -3. 5 -1. 1 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population -2. 7 -4. 6 -3. 6 -1. 1 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -21. 6 -7. 3 0. 2 — Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -13. 8 -5. 1 0. 1 — Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 1 233 1 233

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 500 25.0 0.0 23.0 400 -1.0 21.0 300 -2.0 19.0 200 17.0 -3.0 Thousands Percentage 100 -4.0

15.0 of change Rate

0 13.0 -5.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

158 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Ethiopia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 1 155 795 662 554 548 Males (thousands) 607 419 351 293 290 Females (thousands) 548 376 312 261 258 Percentage of female migrants 47. 4 47. 3 47. 1 47. 1 47. 1 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 7 0. 5 0. 4 0. 3 0. 3 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.4 1.4 1.0 0. 7 0. 6 Annual rate of change -7. 5 -3. 6 -3. 6 -0. 2 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -287 -87 -75 18

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 742 371 228 108 91 Percentage of international migrants 64. 2 46. 7 34. 4 19. 6 16. 6 Percentage of total refugee population 4. 0 2. 0 1. 5 0. 8 0. 6 Annual rate of change -13. 9 -9. 7 -14. 9 -3. 5

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 5 27 53 174 358 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 0 0. 4 0. 7 1. 5 2. 1

Population Total (thousands) 48 292 56 983 65 515 74 661 84 976 Males (thousands) 23 965 28 294 32 547 37 117 42 281 Females (thousands) 24 327 28 689 32 968 37 544 42 694 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 33. 1 27. 9 26. 1 25. 9 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 30. 1 28. 8 27. 1 26. 6 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 153. 7 -55. 4 -68. 1 -60. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 3. 2 -1. 0 -1. 0 -0. 8 Percentage of total population 0. 9 1. 0 1. 1 1. 1 1. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 173 811 174 406

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 1,400 3.0 2.0 1,200 2.5 0.0 1,000 2.0 800 -2.0 1.5 600 -4.0 400 1.0 Thousands Percentage -6.0 200 0.5 of change Rate 0 0.0 -8.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 159 International Migration Report 2009 Faeroe Islands

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 3 2 2 3 3 Males (thousands) 2 1 1 2 2 Females (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1 Percentage of female migrants 44. 0 44. 0 43. 9 43. 8 43. 8 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 6.1 4.0 4.9 6. 2 6. 5 Annual rate of change -10. 0 5. 0 6. 0 1. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -10. 0 5. 0 6. 0 1. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -1 1 1 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 47 43 46 49 50 Males (thousands) 25 22 24 25 26 Females (thousands) 23 21 22 23 24 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -18. 5 10. 7 12. 9 6. 3 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 8. 6 6. 8 6. 5 6. 3 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -1. 2 0. 2 0. 3 — Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -25. 8 4. 1 6. 6 — Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 58 58

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 4 7.0 10.0 3 6.5 5.0 3 6.0 5.5 2 0.0 5.0 2 4.5 -5.0 1 Thousands 4.0 Percentage -10.0 1 3.5 of change Rate 0 3.0 -15.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

160 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Falkland Islands (Malvinas)

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 1 1 2 2 2 Males (thousands) 0 1 1 1 1 Females (thousands) 0 0 1 1 1 Percentage of female migrants 43. 0 41. 7 40. 4 40. 4 40. 4 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 41.2 46.6 54.0 55. 3 57. 0 Annual rate of change 6. 5 6. 3 1. 0 1. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 6. 5 6. 3 1. 0 1. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 0 0 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 2 2 3 3 3 Males (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1 Females (thousands) 1 1 1 2 2 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 40. 6 33. 4 5. 2 4. 1 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 7. 8 6. 3 5. 0 4. 1 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 — Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 36. 3 29. 5 0. 1 — Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 3 3

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 2 7.0 55.0 6.0 2 5.0 50.0 4.0 1 3.0 45.0 Thousands 1 Percentage 2.0

Rate of change Rate 1.0 0 40.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 161 International Migration Report 2009 Fiji

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 14 15 16 17 19 Males (thousands) 7 8 8 9 10 Females (thousands) 7 7 8 8 9 Percentage of female migrants 48. 5 48. 3 48. 1 47. 9 47. 8 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.9 1.9 2.0 2. 1 2. 2 Annual rate of change 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 2 2 2

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — — — — — Percentage of international migrants — — — — — Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 — — — Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 22 33 24 184 165 Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 7 1. 7 1. 4 6. 1 4. 9

Population Total (thousands) 724 768 802 828 854 Males (thousands) 367 390 407 420 433 Females (thousands) 356 378 395 408 421 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 11. 9 8. 6 6. 5 6. 2 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 21. 2 19. 3 16. 8 14. 5 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -7. 0 -8. 4 -8. 4 -7. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -9. 6 -10. 9 -10. 5 -8. 5 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 910 1 229

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 20 4.0 1.5 3.5 15 1.5 3.0 1.5 10 2.5 2.0 1.5 Thousands 5 Percentage 1.5

1.5 of change Rate

0 1.0 1.5 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

162 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Finland

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 63 103 134 171 226 Males (thousands) 32 52 66 85 112 Females (thousands) 32 51 67 87 114 Percentage of female migrants 49. 9 49. 6 50. 4 50. 6 50. 5 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.3 2.0 2.6 3. 3 4. 2 Annual rate of change 9. 8 5. 1 5. 0 5. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 8. 5 5. 1 5. 6 6. 1 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 42 34 42 60

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 2 10 13 12 9 Percentage of international migrants 3. 4 9. 5 9. 8 6. 7 4. 0 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Annual rate of change 30. 2 5. 7 -2. 4 -5. 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 63 74 473 693 772 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 0 0. 1 0. 4 0. 4 0. 3

Population Total (thousands) 4 986 5 108 5 173 5 244 5 346 Males (thousands) 2 419 2 487 2 525 2 567 2 621 Females (thousands) 2 567 2 621 2 648 2 677 2 725 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 4. 8 2. 6 2. 7 3. 8 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 3. 1 1. 8 1. 4 1. 8 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 8. 5 3. 9 6. 7 11. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 1. 7 0. 8 1. 3 2. 1 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 5 445 5 091

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 250 5.0 12.0 4.5 200 10.0 4.0 150 3.5 8.0 3.0 6.0 100 2.5 4.0 Thousands 2.0 Percentage 50 1.5 of change Rate 2.0 0 1.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 163 International Migration Report 2009 France

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 5 897 6 085 6 279 6 479 6 685 Males (thousands) 2 999 3 047 3 093 3 175 3 259 Females (thousands) 2 898 3 038 3 186 3 304 3 426 Percentage of female migrants 49. 1 49. 9 50. 7 51. 0 51. 3 Percentage of total migrant stock 3. 8 3. 7 3. 5 3. 3 3. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 10.4 10.5 10.6 10. 6 10. 7 Annual rate of change 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 7 0. 8 0. 6 0. 6 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 396 407 412 412

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 187 175 131 139 149 Percentage of international migrants 3. 2 2. 9 2. 1 2. 1 2. 2 Percentage of total refugee population 1. 0 0. 9 0. 8 1. 0 0. 9 Annual rate of change -1. 3 -5. 8 1. 1 1. 4

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 4 035 4 640 8 631 11 945 13 745 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 3 0. 3 0. 6 0. 6 0. 5

Population Total (thousands) 56 842 57 999 59 128 61 013 62 637 Males (thousands) 27 642 28 163 28 700 29 645 30 461 Females (thousands) 29 200 29 836 30 429 31 368 32 175 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 4. 0 3. 9 6. 3 5. 3 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 3. 2 3. 2 3. 7 3. 6 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 47. 9 38. 4 152. 1 100. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 0. 8 0. 7 2. 6 1. 6 Percentage of total population 1. 1 1. 0 1. 0 0. 9 0. 9

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 67 668 63 403

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 6,800 13.0 1.0 6,600 12.5 0.8 6,400 12.0 6,200 0.6 11.5 6,000 0.4 5,800 11.0 Thousands Percentage 0.2 5,600 10.5 of change Rate 5,400 10.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

164 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 French Guiana

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 57 68 80 100 108 Males (thousands) 31 36 41 50 54 Females (thousands) 26 32 39 50 54 Percentage of female migrants 45. 2 47. 2 49. 2 50. 0 50. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 49.0 48.8 48.5 49. 3 46. 5 Annual rate of change 3. 4 3. 4 4. 4 1. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 5. 9 3. 4 4. 4 1. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 12 13 21 9

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 7 0 — — — Percentage of international migrants 11. 6 0. 0 — — — Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 — — — Annual rate of change -140. 1 — — —

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 116 139 165 202 231 Males (thousands) 61 72 85 101 115 Females (thousands) 56 67 80 101 116 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 35. 1 34. 9 40. 3 27. 1 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 28. 1 26. 1 24. 4 21. 5 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 9 1. 3 2. 9 1. 2 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 7. 6 9. 5 17. 5 5. 9 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 462 393

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 120 50.0 7.0 100 49.5 6.0 49.0 5.0 80 48.5 4.0 60 48.0 3.0 40 47.5 Thousands 47.0 Percentage 2.0

20 of change Rate 46.5 1.0 0 46.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 165 International Migration Report 2009 French Polynesia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 26 28 30 32 35 Males (thousands) 15 17 18 18 19 Females (thousands) 10 11 13 14 16 Percentage of female migrants 40. 2 40. 6 42. 0 43. 7 45. 4 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 13.2 13.1 12.9 12. 7 12. 8 Annual rate of change 1. 7 1. 5 1. 4 1. 4 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 7 1. 5 1. 4 1. 4 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 3 3 3 3

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... 557 666 Percentage of gross domestic product ...... 10. 7 10. 8

Population Total (thousands) 195 216 236 255 272 Males (thousands) 102 112 122 131 139 Females (thousands) 94 104 114 124 133 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 19. 9 17. 9 15. 8 13. 0 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 20. 4 16. 4 14. 3 12. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 1 0. 3 0. 4 — Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 5 1. 5 1. 6 — Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 354 354

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 40 15.0 2.0 35 14.5 30 1.5 25 14.0 20 13.5 1.0 15 13.0 Thousands 10 Percentage 0.5

5 12.5 of change Rate 0 12.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

166 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Gabon

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 128 164 210 245 284 Males (thousands) 73 94 120 140 162 Females (thousands) 55 70 90 105 122 Percentage of female migrants 42. 9 42. 9 42. 9 42. 9 43. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 13.8 15.1 17.1 17. 9 18. 9 Annual rate of change 5. 0 5. 0 3. 0 3. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 4. 9 3. 4 3. 7 3. 3 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 41 53 42 48

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 0 1 17 11 9 Percentage of international migrants 0. 2 0. 4 7. 9 4. 6 3. 0 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Annual rate of change 24. 0 63. 4 -7. 8 -5. 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 4 6 11 11 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Population Total (thousands) 926 1 084 1 233 1 369 1 501 Males (thousands) 459 538 612 682 750 Females (thousands) 468 547 621 687 751 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 31. 5 25. 7 20. 9 18. 4 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 27. 5 23. 2 19. 4 17. 7 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 4. 0 2. 9 1. 9 1. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 4. 3 2. 7 1. 6 0. 7 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 2 471 2 425

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 300 19.0 6.0 250 18.0 5.0 200 17.0 4.0 150 16.0 3.0 100 15.0 2.0 Thousands Percentage

50 14.0 of change Rate 1.0 0 13.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 167 International Migration Report 2009 Gambia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 118 148 185 232 290 Males (thousands) 66 81 98 119 144 Females (thousands) 52 67 87 113 146 Percentage of female migrants 43. 9 45. 4 47. 0 48. 7 50. 5 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 13.2 13.6 14.2 15. 2 16. 6 Annual rate of change 4. 5 4. 5 4. 5 4. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 9 3. 5 5. 5 4. 1 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 36 45 55 68

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 0 4 15 7 14 Percentage of international migrants 0. 0 3. 0 7. 9 3. 2 4. 9 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Annual rate of change 94. 5 24. 0 -13. 8 13. 4

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 10 19 14 57 47 Percentage of gross domestic product 3. 0 5. 0 3. 3 12. 4 7. 4

Population Total (thousands) 896 1 085 1 302 1 526 1 751 Males (thousands) 443 537 645 757 868 Females (thousands) 453 548 657 770 882 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 38. 4 36. 5 31. 8 27. 5 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 29. 2 28. 8 27. 3 25. 6 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 9. 0 9. 0 6. 2 3. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 10. 0 8. 3 4. 8 2. 0 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 3 763 3 721

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 350 17.0 6.0 300 16.0 5.0 250 4.0 200 15.0 3.0 150 14.0 100 2.0 Thousands 13.0 Percentage

50 of change Rate 1.0 0 12.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

168 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Georgia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 338 250 219 191 167 Males (thousands) 148 109 94 82 72 Females (thousands) 190 141 124 109 95 Percentage of female migrants 56. 2 56. 5 56. 9 57. 0 57. 1 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 6.2 4.9 4.6 4. 3 4. 0 Annual rate of change -6. 1 -2. 7 -2. 7 -2. 7 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -6. 1 -3. 3 -2. 3 -2. 6 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -76 -22 -19 -16

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 0 6 3 1 Percentage of international migrants — 0. 0 2. 9 1. 3 0. 7 Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change — 97. 0 -18. 6 -14. 7

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. .. 274 346 695 Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. 9. 0 5. 4 6. 8

Population Total (thousands) 5 460 5 069 4 745 4 465 4 219 Males (thousands) 2 595 2 407 2 246 2 108 1 983 Females (thousands) 2 865 2 662 2 498 2 356 2 236 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -14. 9 -13. 2 -12. 2 -11. 3 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 5. 8 2. 7 1. 3 0. 2 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -108. 8 -78. 0 -61. 8 -50. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -19. 9 -15. 4 -13. 0 -11. 2 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 3 267 3 896

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 400 7.0 0.0 350 6.5 -1.0 300 6.0 -2.0 250 5.5 -3.0 200 5.0 150 4.5 -4.0 Thousands 100 4.0 Percentage -5.0

50 3.5 of change Rate -6.0 0 3.0 -7.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 169 International Migration Report 2009 Germany

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 5 936 8 992 9 981 10 598 10 758 Males (thousands) 3 293 4 966 5 322 5 651 5 737 Females (thousands) 2 643 4 026 4 659 4 947 5 021 Percentage of female migrants 44. 5 44. 8 46. 7 46. 7 46. 7 Percentage of total migrant stock 3. 8 5. 4 5. 6 5. 4 5. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 7.5 11.0 12.2 12. 9 13. 1 Annual rate of change 8. 3 2. 1 1. 2 0. 3 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 7. 7 3. 3 1. 6 0. 7 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 3 298 1 343 994 564

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 722 1 311 941 788 592 Percentage of international migrants 12. 2 14. 6 9. 4 7. 4 5. 5 Percentage of total refugee population 3. 9 7. 1 6. 0 5. 7 3. 6 Annual rate of change 11. 9 -6. 6 -3. 5 -5. 7

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 4 876 4 523 3 644 6 933 9 839 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 3 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 3

Population Total (thousands) 79 433 81 622 82 075 82 409 82 057 Males (thousands) 38 309 39 707 40 066 40 301 40 255 Females (thousands) 41 124 41 915 42 009 42 107 41 801 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 5. 4 1. 1 0. 8 -0. 9 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population -1. 1 -1. 2 -1. 5 -2. 2 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 529. 8 190. 4 186. 0 110. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 6. 7 2. 3 2. 3 1. 3 Percentage of total population 1. 5 1. 4 1. 3 1. 3 1. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 70 504 64 756

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 12,000 14.0 10.0 10,000 13.0 8.0 8,000 12.0 11.0 6.0 6,000 10.0 4.0 4,000 9.0 Thousands Percentage 2.0 2,000 8.0 of change Rate 0 7.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

170 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Ghana

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 717 1 038 1 505 1 669 1 852 Males (thousands) 399 591 876 972 1 078 Females (thousands) 318 447 629 698 774 Percentage of female migrants 44. 4 43. 1 41. 8 41. 8 41. 8 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 5 0. 6 0. 8 0. 9 0. 9 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 4.8 6.0 7.7 7. 6 7. 6 Annual rate of change 7. 4 7. 4 2. 1 2. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 5. 5 9. 2 1. 7 2. 2 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 348 505 225 251

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 4 98 13 48 40 Percentage of international migrants 0. 6 9. 5 0. 9 2. 9 2. 2 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 5 0. 1 0. 3 0. 2 Annual rate of change 63. 6 -40. 5 26. 1 -3. 6

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 6 17 32 99 117 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 1 0. 3 0. 6 0. 9 0. 8

Population Total (thousands) 14 968 17 245 19 529 21 915 24 333 Males (thousands) 7 566 8 725 9 890 11 103 12 333 Females (thousands) 7 402 8 521 9 639 10 812 12 000 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 28. 3 24. 9 23. 1 20. 9 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 27. 8 25. 4 22. 9 21. 4 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 8. 0 -10. 3 2. 3 -10. 3 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 0. 5 -0. 6 0. 1 -0. 5 Percentage of total population 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 45 213 45 428

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 2,000 8.0 10.0 7.5 1,500 7.0 8.0 6.5 6.0 1,000 6.0 5.5 4.0 Thousands 500 5.0 Percentage 2.0 4.5 of change Rate 0 4.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 171 International Migration Report 2009 Gibraltar

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 9 8 8 9 9 Males (thousands) 5 4 4 4 4 Females (thousands) 4 4 4 5 5 Percentage of female migrants 47. 7 49. 5 51. 4 51. 4 51. 5 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 31.4 29.4 28.1 30. 0 29. 8 Annual rate of change -0. 9 -0. 8 2. 5 0. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 9 -0. 8 2. 5 0. 1 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -0 -0 1 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 28 29 29 31 31 Males (thousands) 14 14 14 15 16 Females (thousands) 14 14 15 15 15 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 3. 9 1. 2 12. 1 2. 3 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 4. 2 3. 0 2. 1 2. 3 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 0 -0. 1 0. 3 — Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 3 -1. 9 10. 4 — Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 30 30

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 10 32.0 3.0 2.5 31.0 9 2.0 30.0 1.5 9 1.0 29.0 0.5 0.0 Thousands 8 Percentage 28.0 -0.5 Rate of change Rate -1.0 8 27.0 -1.5 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

172 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Greece

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 412 549 732 975 1 133 Males (thousands) 220 296 398 535 627 Females (thousands) 192 253 333 440 505 Percentage of female migrants 46. 6 46. 0 45. 5 45. 1 44. 6 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 3 0. 3 0. 4 0. 5 0. 5 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 4.1 5.1 6.7 8. 8 10. 1 Annual rate of change 5. 7 5. 7 5. 7 3. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 5. 9 5. 8 5. 9 3. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 151 203 271 195

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 8 6 6 2 2 Percentage of international migrants 1. 9 1. 1 0. 9 0. 3 0. 2 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change -5. 4 1. 2 -19. 5 -1. 5

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 1 817 3 286 2 194 1 220 2 484 Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 9 2. 5 1. 7 0. 5 0. 8

Population Total (thousands) 10 161 10 672 10 942 11 064 11 183 Males (thousands) 5 006 5 270 5 414 5 478 5 545 Females (thousands) 5 154 5 402 5 528 5 586 5 638 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 9. 8 5. 0 2. 2 2. 2 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 0. 8 -0. 6 -0. 6 -0. 5 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 93. 9 60. 1 30. 9 30. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 9. 2 5. 6 2. 8 2. 7 Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 10 939 9 391

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 1,200 11.0 7.0 1,000 10.0 6.0 9.0 5.0 800 8.0 4.0 600 7.0 3.0 400 6.0 Thousands 5.0 Percentage 2.0

200 of change Rate 4.0 1.0 0 3.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 173 International Migration Report 2009 Greenland

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 9 8 7 7 6 Males (thousands) 6 5 5 5 4 Females (thousands) 3 2 2 2 2 Percentage of female migrants 30. 8 31. 2 31. 6 32. 0 32. 9 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 15.4 14.2 12.9 11. 7 10. 2 Annual rate of change -1. 6 -1. 6 -1. 6 -2. 8 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 6 -1. 6 -1. 6 -2. 8 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -0 -0 -0 -1

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 56 56 56 57 57 Males (thousands) 30 30 30 30 30 Females (thousands) 26 26 26 27 27 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 0. 2 2. 1 3. 5 0. 4 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 13. 3 9. 9 8. 1 7. 3 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 7 -0. 4 -0. 3 -0. 4 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -13. 1 -7. 8 -4. 7 -7. 0 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 50 63

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 10 16.0 0.0 15.0 8 -0.5 14.0 -1.0 6 13.0 -1.5 4 12.0 11.0 -2.0 Thousands 2 Percentage

10.0 of change Rate -2.5 0 9.0 -3.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

174 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Grenada

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 4 6 8 11 13 Males (thousands) 2 3 4 5 6 Females (thousands) 2 3 4 6 7 Percentage of female migrants 50. 6 51. 5 52. 4 53. 3 54. 2 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 4.4 5.8 7.8 10. 6 12. 1 Annual rate of change 6. 2 6. 2 6. 2 3. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 6. 2 6. 2 6. 2 3. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 2 2 3 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 18 18 22 52 55 Percentage of gross domestic product 8. 1 6. 5 5. 4 10. 2 10. 3

Population Total (thousands) 96 100 101 103 104 Males (thousands) 47 50 50 51 52 Females (thousands) 49 51 51 51 52 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 8. 1 2. 1 2. 5 3. 6 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 16. 9 13. 7 12. 4 13. 2 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 9 -1. 2 -1. 0 -1. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -9. 0 -11. 6 -9. 9 -9. 8 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 97 151

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 14 7.0 12.0 12 6.0 10 10.0 5.0 8 4.0 6 8.0 3.0 4 Thousands 6.0 Percentage 2.0

2 of change Rate 1.0 0 4.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 175 International Migration Report 2009 Guadeloupe

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 66 74 83 93 105 Males (thousands) 33 36 40 44 50 Females (thousands) 33 38 43 49 55 Percentage of female migrants 50. 4 51. 3 52. 2 52. 4 52. 7 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 17.1 18.3 19.4 20. 5 22. 5 Annual rate of change 2. 3 2. 3 2. 3 2. 3 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 3 2. 3 2. 3 2. 3 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 10 11 12 14

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 386 405 429 456 467 Males (thousands) 189 196 206 219 224 Females (thousands) 197 208 223 236 243 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 9. 2 11. 8 11. 9 5. 1 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 11. 4 11. 0 9. 1 6. 6 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 9 0. 3 1. 3 -0. 7 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -2. 3 0. 8 2. 9 -1. 5 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 477 523

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 120 23.0 2.3 100 22.0 2.3 80 21.0 2.3 20.0 2.3 60 19.0 2.3 40 18.0 Thousands Percentage 2.3

20 of change Rate 17.0 2.3 0 16.0 2.3 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

176 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Guam

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 70 72 74 76 79 Males (thousands) 39 41 42 43 45 Females (thousands) 30 31 32 33 34 Percentage of female migrants 43. 6 43. 6 43. 6 43. 6 43. 6 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 52.1 49.4 47.8 45. 4 43. 9 Annual rate of change 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 3 4 4 4

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 134 146 155 169 180 Males (thousands) 71 76 79 86 91 Females (thousands) 63 70 76 83 88 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 16. 7 12. 8 16. 6 13. 0 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 21. 2 19. 2 15. 6 13. 0 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 6 -1. 0 0. 2 — Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -4. 8 -6. 7 1. 0 — Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 242 242

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 80 53.0 0.6 78 51.0 0.6 76 74 49.0 0.6 72 0.6 70 47.0 0.6 Thousands 68 Percentage 45.0 66 of change Rate 0.6 64 43.0 0.6 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 177 International Migration Report 2009 Guatemala

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 264 46 48 53 59 Males (thousands) 113 19 21 24 27 Females (thousands) 152 26 27 29 32 Percentage of female migrants 57. 4 57. 5 55. 9 54. 4 54. 4 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.0 0.5 0.4 0. 4 0. 4 Annual rate of change -35. 2 1. 1 2. 1 2. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 7 2. 2 2. 2 2. 2 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -211 4 6 7

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 223 3 1 1 0 Percentage of international migrants 84. 5 6. 8 1. 5 1. 0 0. 6 Percentage of total refugee population 1. 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change -85. 6 -28. 9 -6. 5 -6. 4

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 119 358 596 3 067 4 254 Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 7 2. 7 3. 5 11. 3 12. 7

Population Total (thousands) 8 910 10 007 11 231 12 710 14 377 Males (thousands) 4 492 4 975 5 516 6 202 7 007 Females (thousands) 4 418 5 032 5 715 6 508 7 370 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 23. 2 23. 1 24. 7 24. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 30. 8 30. 4 29. 7 27. 6 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -72. 0 -78. 0 -60. 0 -40. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -8. 1 -7. 8 -5. 3 -3. 1 Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 27 480 28 298

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 300 3.0 10.0 250 2.5 0.0 200 2.0 -10.0 150 1.5 100 1.0 -20.0 Thousands Percentage -30.0

50 0.5 of change Rate

0 0.0 -40.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

178 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Guinea

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 241 814 710 401 395 Males (thousands) 119 388 337 189 185 Females (thousands) 122 425 373 212 209 Percentage of female migrants 50. 7 52. 3 52. 5 52. 8 53. 1 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 5 0. 4 0. 2 0. 2 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.9 10.9 8.5 4. 4 3. 8 Annual rate of change 24. 3 -2. 7 -11. 4 -0. 3 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 18. 8 4. 0 4. 0 4. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 587 -59 -275 10

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 163 613 464 101 28 Percentage of international migrants 67. 4 75. 3 65. 4 25. 3 7. 2 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 9 3. 3 3. 0 0. 7 0. 2 Annual rate of change 26. 5 -5. 5 -30. 4 -25. 5

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 1 1 42 151 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 0 0. 0 1. 3 3. 6

Population Total (thousands) 6 147 7 478 8 384 9 221 10 324 Males (thousands) 3 098 3 773 4 231 4 655 5 214 Females (thousands) 3 049 3 705 4 152 4 565 5 110 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 39. 2 22. 8 19. 0 22. 6 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 28. 8 28. 5 28. 7 28. 7 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 70. 0 -45. 4 -85. 0 -60. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 11. 4 -6. 1 -10. 1 -6. 5 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 23 975 24 095

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 1,000 11.0 30.0 10.0 25.0 800 9.0 20.0 600 8.0 15.0 7.0 10.0 400 6.0 5.0 0.0 Thousands 5.0 Percentage 200 -5.0 4.0 of change Rate -10.0 0 3.0 -15.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 179 International Migration Report 2009 Guinea-Bissau

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 14 32 19 19 19 Males (thousands) 7 16 10 10 10 Females (thousands) 7 16 10 10 10 Percentage of female migrants 50. 0 50. 0 50. 0 50. 0 50. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.4 2.7 1.5 1. 3 1. 2 Annual rate of change 16. 6 -10. 0 -0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 4 -0. 4 -0. 4 -0. 4 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 19 -10 1 1

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 2 20 7 8 8 Percentage of international migrants 10. 8 61. 8 38. 2 39. 4 40. 7 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 1 0. 0 0. 1 0. 0 Annual rate of change 51. 4 -19. 6 0. 6 0. 7

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 1 .. 2 28 29 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 4 .. 0. 9 9. 2 8. 1

Population Total (thousands) 1 022 1 166 1 304 1 473 1 647 Males (thousands) 505 577 645 729 816 Females (thousands) 517 589 658 743 831 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 26. 3 22. 3 24. 4 22. 4 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 22. 6 24. 0 24. 2 24. 0 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 4. 0 -2. 1 0. 2 -2. 5 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 3. 9 -1. 8 0. 2 -1. 7 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 3 555 3 614

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 35 3.0 20.0 30 2.5 15.0 25 2.0 10.0 20 5.0 1.5 15 0.0 10 1.0 Thousands Percentage -5.0

0.5 of change Rate 5 -10.0 0 0.0 -15.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

180 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Guyana

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 4 5 8 10 12 Males (thousands) 2 3 4 5 6 Females (thousands) 2 3 4 5 5 Percentage of female migrants 46. 3 46. 5 46. 4 46. 5 46. 5 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.5 0.7 1.1 1. 3 1. 5 Annual rate of change 5. 6 7. 7 4. 5 3. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 5. 6 7. 7 4. 5 3. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 3 2 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 2 27 201 278 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 3 3. 8 24. 4 26. 3

Population Total (thousands) 749 759 756 764 761 Males (thousands) 365 369 367 388 391 Females (thousands) 384 390 389 376 370 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 2. 6 -0. 7 2. 0 -0. 6 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 15. 8 15. 2 12. 5 9. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -10. 0 -12. 0 -8. 0 -8. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -13. 3 -15. 8 -10. 6 -10. 5 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 558 975

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 14 3.0 10.0 12 2.5 8.0 10 2.0 8 6.0 1.5 6 4.0 4 1.0 Thousands Percentage 2.0 2 0.5 of change Rate 0 0.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 181 International Migration Report 2009 Haiti

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 19 22 26 30 35 Males (thousands) 11 13 15 17 20 Females (thousands) 8 10 11 13 15 Percentage of female migrants 44. 4 43. 2 43. 2 43. 2 43. 2 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.3 0.3 0.3 0. 3 0. 3 Annual rate of change 3. 0 3. 0 3. 0 3. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 0 3. 0 3. 0 3. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 4 4 5 6

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 61 109 578 985 1 222 Percentage of gross domestic product 2. 3 4. 7 16. 4 24. 7 20. 8

Population Total (thousands) 7 108 7 861 8 648 9 410 10 188 Males (thousands) 3 506 3 883 4 273 4 645 5 033 Females (thousands) 3 602 3 978 4 375 4 765 5 155 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 20. 1 19. 1 16. 9 15. 9 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 23. 7 22. 4 20. 0 18. 7 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -26. 7 -27. 2 -28. 1 -28. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -3. 7 -3. 5 -3. 2 -3. 0 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 15 485 16 966

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 40 3.0 3.0 35 2.5 3.0 30 25 2.0 3.0 20 1.5 3.0 15 1.0 3.0 Thousands 10 Percentage

5 0.5 of change Rate 3.0 0 0.0 3.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

182 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Holy See

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1 Males (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0 Females (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0 Percentage of female migrants 51. 2 51. 6 51. 8 52. 1 52. 5 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 100.0 100.0 100.0 100. 0 100. 0 Annual rate of change 0. 3 0. 2 -0. 1 0. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 3 0. 2 -0. 1 0. 1 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 0 0 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1 Males (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0 Females (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 2. 8 1. 5 -1. 0 0. 5 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population -8. 5 -9. 4 -12. 5 -13. 8 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 11. 4 11. 0 11. 4 14. 3 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 1 0

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 1 102.0 0.4 1 101.5 0.3 1 101.0 0.2 1 100.5 0.1 1 100.0 0.0 Thousands Percentage

1 99.5 of change Rate -0.1 1 99.0 -0.2 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 183 International Migration Report 2009 Honduras

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 270 31 28 26 24 Males (thousands) 138 16 15 14 13 Females (thousands) 133 15 14 13 12 Percentage of female migrants 49. 1 48. 9 48. 8 48. 6 48. 4 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 5.5 0.6 0.5 0. 4 0. 3 Annual rate of change -43. 4 -1. 6 -1. 6 -1. 6 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 6 -1. 6 -1. 6 -1. 6 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -233 -2 -2 -1

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 237 0 0 0 0 Percentage of international migrants 87. 7 0. 3 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 Percentage of total refugee population 1. 3 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change -158. 9 -40. 7 14. 8 -0. 9

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 63 124 416 1 821 2 625 Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 7 2. 6 5. 8 18. 7 21. 3

Population Total (thousands) 4 901 5 588 6 230 6 893 7 616 Males (thousands) 2 457 2 798 3 111 3 437 3 806 Females (thousands) 2 444 2 790 3 119 3 455 3 809 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 26. 2 21. 8 20. 2 19. 9 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 30. 8 27. 8 24. 8 22. 7 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -24. 0 -36. 0 -30. 0 -20. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -4. 9 -6. 4 -4. 8 -2. 9 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 12 402 12 975

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 300 6.0 0.0 250 5.0 -10.0 200 4.0 -20.0 150 3.0 100 2.0 -30.0 Thousands Percentage -40.0

50 1.0 of change Rate

0 0.0 -50.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

184 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Hungary

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 348 293 297 333 368 Males (thousands) 156 131 131 146 160 Females (thousands) 191 162 165 187 208 Percentage of female migrants 55. 1 55. 4 55. 7 56. 1 56. 4 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.4 2.8 2.9 3. 3 3. 7 Annual rate of change -3. 4 0. 3 2. 3 2. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 7 0. 4 2. 2 2. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -36 19 51 51

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 36 7 5 8 8 Percentage of international migrants 10. 4 2. 4 1. 7 2. 4 2. 2 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 0 Annual rate of change -32. 4 -7. 0 9. 0 0. 6

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 152 281 1 931 2 530 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 3 0. 6 1. 7 1. 8

Population Total (thousands) 10 365 10 332 10 215 10 078 9 973 Males (thousands) 4 979 4 936 4 860 4 786 4 734 Females (thousands) 5 386 5 396 5 355 5 292 5 239 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -0. 6 -2. 3 -2. 7 -2. 1 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population -2. 6 -4. 2 -4. 1 -3. 6 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 20. 8 19. 6 14. 1 15. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 2. 0 1. 9 1. 4 1. 5 Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 8 934 8 156

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 400 5.0 3.0 350 4.5 2.0 300 1.0 250 4.0 0.0 200 3.5 -1.0 150 3.0 Thousands 100 Percentage -2.0

2.5 of change Rate 50 -3.0 0 2.0 -4.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 185 International Migration Report 2009 Iceland

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 10 11 16 23 37 Males (thousands) 4 5 7 11 19 Females (thousands) 5 6 9 12 18 Percentage of female migrants 55. 7 55. 9 54. 7 52. 0 49. 4 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.8 4.0 5.7 7. 6 11. 3 Annual rate of change 2. 3 7. 8 7. 0 10. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 1 7. 8 7. 1 10. 2 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 5 7 15

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0 Percentage of international migrants 0. 4 1. 7 1. 6 1. 2 0. 4 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change 28. 5 6. 6 1. 3 -10. 4

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 62 63 88 88 41 Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 0 0. 9 1. 0 0. 5 0. 2

Population Total (thousands) 255 267 281 296 329 Males (thousands) 128 134 141 148 169 Females (thousands) 127 133 140 147 160 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 9. 7 9. 9 10. 2 21. 5 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 10. 7 8. 8 8. 3 8. 7 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 2 0. 3 0. 5 4. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 0 1. 2 1. 9 13. 5 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 407 381

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 40 12.0 35 11.0 10.0 30 25 9.0 8.0 20 7.0 6.0 15 4.0 Thousands 10 5.0 Percentage

5 of change Rate 2.0 0 3.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

186 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 India

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 7 493 7 022 6 411 5 887 5 436 Males (thousands) 3 914 3 643 3 304 3 026 2 788 Females (thousands) 3 579 3 379 3 108 2 861 2 648 Percentage of female migrants 47. 8 48. 1 48. 5 48. 6 48. 7 Percentage of total migrant stock 4. 8 4. 2 3. 6 3. 0 2. 5 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.9 0.7 0.6 0. 5 0. 4 Annual rate of change -1. 3 -1. 8 -1. 7 -1. 6 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 7 -1. 7 -1. 7 -1. 7 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -183 -363 -313 -266

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 111 243 175 151 160 Percentage of international migrants 1. 5 3. 5 2. 7 2. 6 2. 9 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 6 1. 3 1. 1 1. 1 1. 0 Annual rate of change 15. 6 -6. 5 -3. 0 1. 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 2 384 6 223 12 890 21 293 38 666 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 7 1. 7 2. 8 2. 6 3. 4

Population Total (thousands) 862 162 953 148 1 042 590 1 130 618 1 214 464 Males (thousands) 448 026 494 810 540 485 585 075 627 198 Females (thousands) 414 135 458 337 502 105 545 543 587 266 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 20. 1 17. 9 16. 2 14. 3 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 20. 3 18. 2 16. 5 14. 5 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -192. 0 -280. 0 -308. 0 -200. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 2 -0. 3 -0. 3 -0. 2 Percentage of total population 16. 3 16. 7 17. 0 17. 4 17. 6

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 1 613 800 1 627 364

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 8,000 3.0 0.0 7,000 2.5 6,000 -0.5 5,000 2.0 4,000 1.5 -1.0 3,000 1.0 Thousands 2,000 Percentage -1.5

1,000 0.5 of change Rate 0 0.0 -2.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 187 International Migration Report 2009 Indonesia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 466 219 292 136 123 Males (thousands) 230 111 153 73 68 Females (thousands) 236 108 139 62 55 Percentage of female migrants 50. 6 49. 1 47. 6 46. 0 44. 5 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 3 0. 1 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.3 0.1 0.1 0. 1 0. 1 Annual rate of change -15. 1 5. 8 -15. 4 -2. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -15. 0 -7. 6 -2. 0 -2. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -232 79 -149 -10

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 2 0 143 0 0 Percentage of international migrants 0. 5 0. 0 48. 8 0. 1 0. 3 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 9 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change -72. 1 156. 1 -140. 2 17. 4

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 166 651 1 190 5 420 6 174 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 1 0. 3 0. 7 1. 9 1. 4

Population Total (thousands) 177 385 191 501 205 280 219 210 232 517 Males (thousands) 88 886 95 910 102 675 109 513 116 062 Females (thousands) 88 499 95 592 102 605 109 697 116 455 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 15. 3 13. 9 13. 1 11. 8 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 16. 1 14. 8 14. 1 12. 4 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -145. 0 -180. 0 -200. 0 -146. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 8 -0. 9 -1. 0 -0. 7 Percentage of total population 3. 4 3. 4 3. 4 3. 4 3. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 288 110 295 981

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 500 2.0 10.0 400 1.5 5.0 1.0 300 0.0 0.5 -5.0 200 0.0 -10.0 Thousands 100 Percentage

-0.5 of change Rate -15.0 0 -1.0 -20.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

188 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Iran (Islamic Republic of)

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 4 292 3 016 2 804 2 062 2 129 Males (thousands) 2 457 1 757 1 662 1 243 1 303 Females (thousands) 1 835 1 258 1 142 819 825 Percentage of female migrants 42. 8 41. 7 40. 7 39. 7 38. 8 Percentage of total migrant stock 2. 8 1. 8 1. 6 1. 1 1. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 7.6 4.8 4.2 2. 9 2. 8 Annual rate of change -7. 1 -1. 5 -6. 1 0. 6 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -1171 -145 -680 111

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 3 512 2 154 1 852 1 010 966 Percentage of international migrants 81. 8 71. 4 66. 0 49. 0 45. 4 Percentage of total refugee population 19. 0 11. 6 11. 8 7. 3 5. 9 Annual rate of change -9. 8 -3. 0 -12. 1 -0. 9

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 1 600 536 1 032 1 115 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 1. 5 0. 5 0. 5 0. 4

Population Total (thousands) 56 733 62 205 66 903 70 765 75 078 Males (thousands) 29 218 31 633 34 048 36 058 38 154 Females (thousands) 27 515 30 572 32 854 34 707 36 924 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 18. 4 14. 6 11. 2 11. 8 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 22. 3 14. 7 14. 1 13. 2 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -232. 8 -11. 1 -198. 5 -100. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -4. 1 -0. 2 -3. 0 -1. 4 Percentage of total population 1. 1 1. 1 1. 1 1. 1 1. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 96 975 98 536

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 5,000 8.0 4.0 4,000 7.0 2.0 6.0 3,000 0.0 5.0 -2.0 2,000 4.0 -4.0 Thousands 1,000 Percentage

3.0 of change Rate -6.0 0 2.0 -8.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 189 International Migration Report 2009 Iraq

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 84 134 147 128 83 Males (thousands) 56 91 101 88 57 Females (thousands) 28 43 46 40 26 Percentage of female migrants 33. 3 32. 2 31. 1 31. 1 31. 1 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.5 0.6 0.6 0. 5 0. 3 Annual rate of change 9. 4 1. 9 -2. 7 -8. 6 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -33. 5 3. 5 29. 2 -13. 9 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 52 16 -16 -42

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 0 118 128 48 43 Percentage of international migrants 0. 5 88. 3 87. 4 37. 6 52. 0 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 6 0. 8 0. 3 0. 3 Annual rate of change 111. 4 1. 7 -19. 6 -2. 1

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... 711 389 Percentage of gross domestic product ...... 2. 1 0. 6

Population Total (thousands) 18 079 20 971 24 652 28 238 31 467 Males (thousands) 9 115 10 537 12 432 14 285 15 909 Females (thousands) 8 965 10 434 12 220 13 952 15 557 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 29. 7 32. 3 27. 2 21. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 31. 2 32. 4 28. 8 25. 5 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -30. 8 -3. 6 -44. 8 -115. 4 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 7 -0. 2 -1. 8 -4. 1 Percentage of total population 0. 3 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 5

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 63 995 62 533

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 160 3.0 40.0 140 2.5 30.0 120 20.0 2.0 100 10.0 80 1.5 0.0 60 1.0 -10.0 Thousands 40 Percentage -20.0

0.5 of change Rate 20 -30.0 0 0.0 -40.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

190 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Ireland

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 228 264 385 618 899 Males (thousands) 112 131 192 310 453 Females (thousands) 116 133 193 308 445 Percentage of female migrants 50. 8 50. 5 50. 2 49. 9 49. 6 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2 0. 3 0. 4 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 6.5 7.3 10.1 14. 8 19. 6 Annual rate of change 2. 9 7. 6 9. 5 7. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 9 7. 5 9. 4 7. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 43 130 243 296

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 0 0 3 7 9 Percentage of international migrants 0. 2 0. 2 0. 7 1. 1 1. 0 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 Annual rate of change 0. 5 38. 1 18. 6 4. 7

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 286 347 252 513 580 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 6 0. 5 0. 3 0. 3 0. 2

Population Total (thousands) 3 515 3 609 3 804 4 187 4 589 Males (thousands) 1 755 1 792 1 891 2 093 2 299 Females (thousands) 1 759 1 817 1 913 2 094 2 290 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 5. 3 10. 5 19. 2 18. 3 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 5. 4 5. 6 7. 7 9. 2 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 2 18. 3 45. 9 40. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 1 5. 1 12. 1 9. 6 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 6 295 5 249

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 1,000 20.0 10.0 18.0 800 8.0 16.0 600 14.0 6.0 12.0 400 4.0 10.0 Thousands Percentage 200 2.0 8.0 of change Rate 0 6.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 191 International Migration Report 2009 Isle of Man

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 35 36 39 42 44 Males (thousands) 16 17 19 20 22 Females (thousands) 18 19 20 21 22 Percentage of female migrants 52. 9 52. 6 52. 0 51. 3 50. 6 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 49.6 49.7 50.9 51. 8 54. 6 Annual rate of change 0. 6 1. 7 1. 3 1. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 6 1. 7 1. 3 1. 1 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 3 5 4 4

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 70 72 77 80 80 Males (thousands) 34 35 37 40 40 Females (thousands) 36 37 39 41 41 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 5. 3 12. 5 9. 2 0. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population -0. 9 -0. 7 0. 1 0. 7 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 4 1. 0 0. 7 — Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 6. 2 13. 6 9. 3 — Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 75 75

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 50 55.0 2.0 40 54.0 1.5 53.0 30 52.0 1.0 20 51.0 Thousands 10 Percentage 0.5

50.0 of change Rate

0 49.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

192 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Israel

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 1 633 1 919 2 256 2 661 2 940 Males (thousands) 771 894 996 1 175 1 298 Females (thousands) 862 1 025 1 260 1 487 1 643 Percentage of female migrants 52. 8 53. 4 55. 9 55. 9 55. 9 Percentage of total migrant stock 1. 0 1. 2 1. 3 1. 4 1. 4 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 36.2 35.7 37.1 39. 8 40. 4 Annual rate of change 3. 2 3. 2 3. 3 2. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 2 3. 2 3. 3 2. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 325 382 452 333

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — — 2 1 1 Percentage of international migrants — — 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 Percentage of total refugee population — — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change — — -25. 3 10. 4

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 812 702 328 850 1 042 Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 4 0. 7 0. 3 0. 6 0. 6

Population Total (thousands) 4 514 5 374 6 084 6 692 7 285 Males (thousands) 2 248 2 651 3 004 3 312 3 615 Females (thousands) 2 266 2 723 3 080 3 380 3 670 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 34. 9 24. 8 19. 0 17. 0 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 15. 2 15. 1 15. 4 14. 6 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 96. 9 55. 3 23. 0 17. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 21. 5 10. 3 3. 8 2. 5 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 10 649 10 298

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 3,500 41.0 3.5 3,000 40.0 3.0 2,500 39.0 2.5 2,000 2.0 38.0 1,500 1.5 1,000 37.0 Thousands Percentage 1.0

36.0 of change Rate 500 0.5 0 35.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 193 International Migration Report 2009 Italy

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 1 428 1 723 2 122 3 068 4 463 Males (thousands) 642 786 977 1 426 2 095 Females (thousands) 786 938 1 145 1 642 2 369 Percentage of female migrants 55. 0 54. 4 54. 0 53. 5 53. 1 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 9 1. 0 1. 2 1. 6 2. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.5 3.0 3.7 5. 2 7. 4 Annual rate of change 3. 8 4. 2 7. 4 7. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 1 5. 0 7. 3 7. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 348 463 1 024 1 508

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 12 74 6 18 32 Percentage of international migrants 0. 9 4. 3 0. 3 0. 6 0. 7 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 1 0. 4 0. 0 0. 1 0. 2 Annual rate of change 35. 7 -48. 8 20. 8 11. 6

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 5 075 2 364 1 937 2 395 3 165 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 4 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1 0. 2

Population Total (thousands) 56 998 57 207 57 116 58 645 60 098 Males (thousands) 27 617 27 664 27 616 28 459 29 252 Females (thousands) 29 381 29 543 29 500 30 186 30 846 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 0. 7 -0. 3 5. 3 4. 9 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population -0. 3 -1. 1 -0. 8 -0. 7 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 58. 9 42. 6 350. 0 330. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 1. 0 0. 7 6. 1 5. 6 Percentage of total population 1. 1 1. 0 0. 9 0. 9 0. 9

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 57 066 49 355

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 5,000 8.0 8.0 7.0 4,000 7.0 6.0 6.0 3,000 5.0 5.0 4.0 2,000 4.0 3.0 Thousands 1,000 Percentage 2.0

3.0 of change Rate 1.0 0 2.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

194 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Jamaica

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 21 22 25 27 30 Males (thousands) 10 11 12 14 15 Females (thousands) 11 11 12 13 15 Percentage of female migrants 51. 2 50. 7 50. 1 49. 4 49. 4 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.9 0.9 1.0 1. 0 1. 1 Annual rate of change 1. 5 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 5 1. 9 2. 0 2. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 2 3 3 4

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 0 0 — — Percentage of international migrants — 0. 1 0. 2 — — Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 0 — — Annual rate of change — 3. 4 — —

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 229 653 892 1 784 2 144 Percentage of gross domestic product 5. 4 11. 3 11. 3 18. 4 19. 0

Population Total (thousands) 2 364 2 466 2 568 2 668 2 730 Males (thousands) 1 161 1 215 1 265 1 306 1 336 Females (thousands) 1 203 1 251 1 302 1 361 1 394 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 8. 5 8. 1 7. 6 4. 6 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 17. 8 15. 9 13. 5 12. 0 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -22. 6 -19. 6 -15. 2 -20. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -9. 6 -7. 9 -5. 9 -7. 5 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 2 683 3 716

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 35 3.0 2.5 30 2.5 2.0 25 2.0 20 1.5 1.5 15 1.0 10 1.0 Thousands Percentage 0.5 5 0.5 of change Rate 0 0.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 195 International Migration Report 2009 Japan

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 1 076 1 363 1 687 1 999 2 176 Males (thousands) 548 680 797 920 979 Females (thousands) 528 682 890 1 079 1 197 Percentage of female migrants 49. 1 50. 1 52. 7 54. 0 55. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 7 0. 8 0. 9 1. 0 1. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.9 1.1 1.3 1. 6 1. 7 Annual rate of change 4. 7 4. 3 3. 4 1. 7 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 4. 8 4. 3 3. 4 1. 7 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 315 362 361 245

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 7 6 4 2 2 Percentage of international migrants 0. 6 0. 4 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change -3. 1 -7. 1 -14. 3 -1. 4

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 1 151 1 374 1 080 1 577 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Population Total (thousands) 123 191 125 442 126 706 127 449 126 995 Males (thousands) 60 430 61 496 61 976 62 194 61 834 Females (thousands) 62 761 63 946 64 729 65 255 65 161 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 3. 6 2. 0 1. 2 -0. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 2. 9 1. 9 1. 0 -0. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 94. 9 9. 0 16. 4 30. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 0. 8 0. 1 0. 1 0. 2 Percentage of total population 2. 3 2. 2 2. 1 2. 0 1. 8

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 101 659 98 789

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 2,500 3.0 6.0 2,000 2.5 5.0 2.0 1,500 4.0 1.5 3.0 1,000 1.0 2.0 Thousands 500 Percentage

0.5 of change Rate 1.0 0 0.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

196 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Jordan

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 1 146 1 608 1 928 2 345 2 973 Males (thousands) 586 821 983 1 194 1 511 Females (thousands) 560 787 945 1 151 1 462 Percentage of female migrants 48. 8 48. 9 49. 0 49. 1 49. 2 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 7 1. 0 1. 1 1. 2 1. 4 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 35.2 37.4 39.7 42. 1 45. 9 Annual rate of change 6. 8 3. 6 3. 9 4. 7 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 7. 7 2. 2 2. 2 2. 2 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 107 44 198 405

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 929 1 289 1 571 1 946 2 527 Percentage of international migrants 81. 1 80. 2 81. 5 83. 0 85. 0 Percentage of total refugee population 5. 0 7. 0 10. 0 14. 1 15. 5 Annual rate of change 6. 5 4. 0 4. 3 5. 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 499 1 441 1 845 2 500 3 434 Percentage of gross domestic product 12. 4 21. 4 21. 8 19. 8 21. 8

Population Total (thousands) 3 254 4 304 4 853 5 566 6 472 Males (thousands) 1 696 2 250 2 511 2 863 3 317 Females (thousands) 1 558 2 054 2 342 2 703 3 155 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 55. 9 24. 0 27. 4 30. 2 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 28. 6 27. 7 23. 4 21. 8 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 101. 9 -17. 2 20. 8 50. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 31. 3 -4. 0 4. 3 9. 0 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 10 241 10 611

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 3,500 10.0 45.0 3,000 8.0 2,500 43.0 2,000 41.0 6.0 1,500 39.0 4.0 1,000 Thousands Percentage 37.0 2.0 500 of change Rate 0 35.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 197 International Migration Report 2009 Kazakhstan

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 3 619 3 295 2 871 2 974 3 079 Males (thousands) 1 666 1 517 1 322 1 369 1 418 Females (thousands) 1 953 1 778 1 549 1 605 1 662 Percentage of female migrants 54. 0 54. 0 54. 0 54. 0 54. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 2. 3 2. 0 1. 6 1. 5 1. 4 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 21.9 20.7 19.2 19. 6 19. 5 Annual rate of change -1. 9 -2. 8 0. 7 0. 7 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 9 -2. 8 0. 7 0. 7 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -197 -283 217 228

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 10 18 12 4 Percentage of international migrants — 0. 3 0. 6 0. 4 0. 1 Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 Annual rate of change — 10. 8 -8. 5 -19. 5

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 116 122 178 223 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 6 0. 7 0. 3 0. 2

Population Total (thousands) 16 530 15 926 14 957 15 194 15 753 Males (thousands) 8 004 7 695 7 172 7 261 7 497 Females (thousands) 8 526 8 231 7 785 7 933 8 257 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -7. 4 -12. 6 3. 1 7. 2 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 11. 2 4. 6 5. 8 8. 5 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -301. 8 -264. 1 -40. 0 -20. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -18. 3 -16. 6 -2. 7 -1. 3 Percentage of total population 0. 3 0. 3 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 17 848 18 785

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 4,000 22.0 1.0 3,500 21.5 0.5 3,000 21.0 0.0 2,500 20.5 -0.5 2,000 20.0 -1.0 1,500 19.5 -1.5 Thousands 1,000 19.0 Percentage -2.0 500 18.5 of change Rate -2.5 0 18.0 -3.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

198 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Kenya

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 163 528 755 790 818 Males (thousands) 83 266 376 388 402 Females (thousands) 80 262 379 402 416 Percentage of female migrants 49. 0 49. 6 50. 2 50. 8 50. 8 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 3 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.7 1.9 2.4 2. 2 2. 0 Annual rate of change 23. 5 7. 2 0. 9 0. 7 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 12. 8 12. 8 0. 1 0. 1 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 371 249 71 62

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 13 244 215 246 269 Percentage of international migrants 8. 3 46. 1 28. 5 31. 1 32. 9 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 1 1. 3 1. 4 1. 8 1. 6 Annual rate of change 57. 9 -2. 5 2. 7 1. 8

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 139 298 538 805 1 588 Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 3 2. 5 4. 3 4. 2 5. 4

Population Total (thousands) 23 433 27 492 31 441 35 817 40 863 Males (thousands) 11 673 13 692 15 664 17 883 20 431 Females (thousands) 11 760 13 800 15 777 17 934 20 432 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 31. 9 26. 8 26. 1 26. 4 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 30. 1 26. 9 25. 9 27. 3 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 44. 3 -4. 3 5. 0 -37. 9 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 1. 9 -0. 2 0. 2 -1. 1 Percentage of total population 0. 4 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5 0. 6

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 85 410 85 932

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 1,000 3.0 25.0 2.5 800 20.0 2.0 600 15.0 1.5 400 1.0 10.0 Thousands Percentage 200 5.0

0.5 of change Rate

0 0.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 199 International Migration Report 2009 Kiribati

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 2 2 2 2 2 Males (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1 Females (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1 Percentage of female migrants 48. 8 48. 7 48. 7 48. 8 48. 8 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.0 2.6 2.4 2. 2 2. 0 Annual rate of change -1. 3 -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 3 -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -0 0 0 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 5 7 7 7 7 Percentage of gross domestic product 19. 5 18. 3 15. 0 11. 4 9. 7

Population Total (thousands) 72 77 84 92 100 Males (thousands) 35 38 41 45 49 Females (thousands) 37 39 43 47 50 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 14. 5 16. 8 18. 1 15. 8 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 26. 0 24. 2 20. 1 17. 8 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 9 -0. 6 -0. 2 -0. 2 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -11. 9 -7. 7 -2. 0 -2. 2 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 151 162

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 2 4.0 0.0 2 3.5 -0.2 2 3.0 -0.4 2 -0.6 2.5 2 -0.8 2 2.0 Thousands Percentage -1.0

1.5 of change Rate 2 -1.2 2 1.0 -1.4 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

200 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Kuwait

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 1 585 1 090 1 500 1 870 2 098 Males (thousands) 966 748 1 013 1 309 1 468 Females (thousands) 619 341 487 561 630 Percentage of female migrants 39. 0 31. 3 32. 5 30. 0 30. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 1. 0 0. 7 0. 8 1. 0 1. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 74.0 63.2 67.3 69. 2 68. 8 Annual rate of change -7. 5 6. 4 4. 4 2. 3 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -7. 8 6. 7 4. 4 1. 9 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -479 420 382 246

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 0 17 4 2 38 Percentage of international migrants 0. 0 1. 5 0. 2 0. 1 1. 8 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 2 Annual rate of change 101. 3 -30. 9 -17. 0 64. 4

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 2 143 1 725 2 228 2 700 3 051 Males (thousands) 1 218 1 037 1 355 1 629 1 811 Females (thousands) 925 688 874 1 071 1 239 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -43. 4 51. 2 38. 4 24. 4 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 18. 6 18. 8 16. 8 16. 1 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -119. 6 63. 5 52. 9 24. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -55. 8 36. 8 23. 7 8. 9 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 5 240 3 955

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 2,500 74.0 8.0 72.0 6.0 2,000 4.0 70.0 1,500 2.0 68.0 0.0 1,000 -2.0 66.0 -4.0 Thousands 500 Percentage -6.0

64.0 of change Rate -8.0 0 62.0 -10.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 201 International Migration Report 2009 Kyrgyzstan

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 623 482 373 288 223 Males (thousands) 260 201 156 120 93 Females (thousands) 363 280 217 168 130 Percentage of female migrants 58. 2 58. 2 58. 2 58. 2 58. 2 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 4 0. 3 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 14.2 10.5 7.5 5. 5 4. 0 Annual rate of change -5. 1 -5. 1 -5. 1 -5. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -5. 9 -5. 0 -4. 8 -5. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -123 -95 -74 -58

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 17 11 3 1 Percentage of international migrants — 3. 6 2. 9 1. 1 0. 3 Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change — -9. 6 -24. 3 -29. 7

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 1 9 322 715 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 1 0. 7 13. 1 19. 1

Population Total (thousands) 4 395 4 592 4 955 5 221 5 550 Males (thousands) 2 149 2 260 2 443 2 575 2 739 Females (thousands) 2 245 2 333 2 512 2 646 2 811 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 8. 8 15. 2 10. 5 12. 2 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 20. 9 16. 3 13. 4 15. 0 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -54. 6 -5. 4 -15. 0 -15. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -12. 4 -1. 2 -3. 0 -2. 9 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 6 882 7 654

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 700 15.0 0.0 600 13.0 -1.0 500 11.0 -2.0 400 -3.0 9.0 300 -4.0 200 7.0 Thousands Percentage -5.0

5.0 of change Rate 100 -6.0 0 3.0 -7.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

202 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Lao People's Democratic Republic

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 23 23 22 20 19 Males (thousands) 12 12 11 11 10 Females (thousands) 11 11 10 10 9 Percentage of female migrants 48. 4 48. 3 48. 2 48. 1 48. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.5 0.5 0.4 0. 3 0. 3 Annual rate of change 0. 5 -1. 5 -1. 4 -1. 4 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 5 -1. 5 -1. 4 -1. 4 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 2 -1 -1 -1

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 11 22 1 1 1 Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 3 1. 2 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0

Population Total (thousands) 4 207 4 809 5 403 5 880 6 436 Males (thousands) 2 104 2 402 2 702 2 928 3 213 Females (thousands) 2 103 2 406 2 701 2 952 3 223 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 26. 8 23. 3 16. 9 18. 1 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 28. 0 26. 7 21. 0 20. 5 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -6. 0 -17. 5 -23. 0 -15. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 4 -3. 6 -4. 3 -2. 6 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 10 744 11 656

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 25 3.0 1.0 20 2.5 0.5 2.0 15 0.0 1.5 -0.5 10 1.0 -1.0 Thousands 5 Percentage

0.5 of change Rate -1.5 0 0.0 -2.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 203 International Migration Report 2009 Latvia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 646 527 430 380 335 Males (thousands) 291 228 178 156 136 Females (thousands) 355 300 253 224 199 Percentage of female migrants 55. 0 56. 8 58. 7 59. 0 59. 3 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 4 0. 3 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 24.3 21.2 18.1 16. 6 15. 0 Annual rate of change -4. 1 -4. 1 -2. 5 -2. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -4. 1 -4. 1 -2. 5 -2. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -85 -69 -28 -25

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — — 0 0 0 Percentage of international migrants — — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Percentage of total refugee population — — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change — — 9. 0 16. 4

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. .. 72 381 552 Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. 0. 9 2. 4 2. 0

Population Total (thousands) 2 663 2 492 2 374 2 292 2 240 Males (thousands) 1 239 1 150 1 091 1 054 1 033 Females (thousands) 1 425 1 342 1 283 1 238 1 207 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -13. 3 -9. 7 -7. 0 -4. 6 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population -2. 9 -6. 4 -5. 3 -3. 7 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -26. 8 -8. 0 -3. 9 -2. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -10. 0 -3. 2 -1. 7 -0. 9 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 1 854 1 883

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 700 0.0 24.0 600 -1.0 500 22.0 400 20.0 -2.0 300 18.0 -3.0 200 Thousands Percentage 16.0 -4.0 100 of change Rate 0 14.0 -5.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

204 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Lebanon

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 524 656 693 721 758 Males (thousands) 268 335 353 367 385 Females (thousands) 256 321 340 354 373 Percentage of female migrants 48. 8 48. 9 49. 0 49. 1 49. 2 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 3 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 17.6 18.8 18.4 17. 7 17. 8 Annual rate of change 4. 5 1. 1 0. 8 1. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 6. 9 0. 3 0. 4 -1. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 94 15 12 19

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 305 348 380 402 463 Percentage of international migrants 58. 3 53. 0 54. 8 55. 8 61. 0 Percentage of total refugee population 1. 7 1. 9 2. 4 2. 9 2. 8 Annual rate of change 2. 6 1. 8 1. 2 2. 8

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 1 818 1 225 1 582 4 924 5 769 Percentage of gross domestic product 64. 7 11. 2 9. 5 22. 8 23. 4

Population Total (thousands) 2 974 3 491 3 772 4 082 4 255 Males (thousands) 1 449 1 719 1 848 2 000 2 083 Females (thousands) 1 525 1 772 1 924 2 082 2 172 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 32. 0 15. 5 15. 8 8. 3 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 17. 7 15. 5 10. 7 8. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 46. 0 — 20. 0 -2. 5 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 15. 5 — 5. 3 -0. 6 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 5 033 5 233

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 800 20.0 8.0 700 19.5 600 6.0 19.0 500 4.0 400 18.5 300 18.0 2.0 Thousands 200 Percentage 0.0 100 17.5 of change Rate 0 17.0 -2.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 205 International Migration Report 2009 Lesotho

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 8 6 6 6 6 Males (thousands) 4 3 3 3 3 Females (thousands) 4 3 3 3 3 Percentage of female migrants 47. 6 46. 2 45. 9 45. 7 45. 5 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.5 0.4 0.3 0. 3 0. 3 Annual rate of change -6. 0 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -2 0 0 0

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 2 0 0 — — Percentage of international migrants 27. 1 0. 5 0. 0 — — Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 — — Annual rate of change -86. 9 -67. 3 — —

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 428 411 252 327 443 Percentage of gross domestic product 69. 2 44. 2 29. 5 22. 9 27. 7

Population Total (thousands) 1 602 1 726 1 889 1 995 2 084 Males (thousands) 743 805 883 937 985 Females (thousands) 859 921 1 005 1 058 1 099 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 14. 8 18. 0 11. 0 8. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 24. 9 22. 0 14. 7 12. 3 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -16. 8 -7. 2 -7. 2 -7. 2 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -10. 5 -4. 2 -3. 8 -3. 6 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 2 491 2 807

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 10 3.0 1.0 0.0 8 2.5 -1.0 2.0 6 -2.0 1.5 -3.0 4 1.0 -4.0 Thousands 2 Percentage -5.0

0.5 of change Rate -6.0 0 0.0 -7.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

206 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Liberia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 81 199 160 97 96 Males (thousands) 44 109 88 53 53 Females (thousands) 36 90 72 44 43 Percentage of female migrants 45. 1 45. 1 45. 1 45. 1 45. 1 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.7 10.2 5.7 2. 9 2. 3 Annual rate of change 18. 0 -4. 4 -10. 0 -0. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 5 -0. 5 1. 8 -0. 3 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 123 -29 -56 3

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 0 120 83 13 13 Percentage of international migrants 0. 2 60. 4 51. 9 13. 1 13. 8 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 6 0. 5 0. 1 0. 1 Annual rate of change 137. 4 -7. 4 -37. 5 1. 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... 33 65 Percentage of gross domestic product ...... 6. 1 8. 8

Population Total (thousands) 2 167 1 945 2 824 3 334 4 102 Males (thousands) 1 069 961 1 398 1 654 2 039 Females (thousands) 1 098 984 1 426 1 680 2 063 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -21. 6 74. 6 33. 2 41. 4 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 29. 2 29. 6 29. 1 28. 0 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -104. 5 105. 4 12. 5 49. 6 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -48. 2 54. 2 4. 4 14. 9 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 8 841 9 122

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 250 20.0 10.0 200 15.0 8.0 10.0 150 5.0 100 6.0 0.0 Thousands Percentage -5.0 50 4.0 Rate of change Rate -10.0 0 2.0 -15.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 207 International Migration Report 2009 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 457 506 559 618 682 Males (thousands) 295 326 360 398 440 Females (thousands) 162 179 198 219 242 Percentage of female migrants 35. 5 35. 5 35. 5 35. 5 35. 5 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 10.5 10.5 10.5 10. 4 10. 4 Annual rate of change 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 9 1. 7 2. 0 2. 3 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 56 61 68 75

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 3 11 12 3 Percentage of international migrants — 0. 6 2. 0 2. 0 0. 5 Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 Annual rate of change — 26. 1 1. 9 -25. 3

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. .. 9 15 16 Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Population Total (thousands) 4 365 4 834 5 346 5 923 6 546 Males (thousands) 2 302 2 534 2 787 3 072 3 381 Females (thousands) 2 063 2 300 2 559 2 850 3 165 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 20. 4 20. 1 20. 5 20. 0 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 20. 0 19. 7 20. 0 19. 3 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 2. 0 2. 0 2. 8 4. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 0. 5 0. 4 0. 5 0. 7 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 9 819 9 598

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 800 13.0 2.5 700 12.5 600 2.0 12.0 500 1.5 400 11.5 300 11.0 1.0 Thousands 200 Percentage 0.5 100 10.5 of change Rate 0 10.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

208 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Liechtenstein

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 11 12 11 12 13 Males (thousands) 6 6 6 6 6 Females (thousands) 5 6 6 6 6 Percentage of female migrants 45. 4 48. 3 49. 3 48. 8 48. 3 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 37.6 38.5 34.1 34. 2 34. 6 Annual rate of change 1. 8 -1. 2 1. 2 1. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 8 -1. 3 1. 0 0. 9 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 -0 1 1

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — — 0 0 0 Percentage of international migrants — — 0. 3 1. 3 2. 2 Percentage of total refugee population — — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change — — 29. 1 12. 5

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 29 31 33 35 36 Males (thousands) 14 15 16 17 18 Females (thousands) 15 16 17 18 18 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 13. 0 12. 0 11. 0 8. 3 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 6. 3 5. 0 4. 1 2. 7 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 7. 0 7. 2 7. 1 5. 8 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 45 34

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 13 39.0 2.0 13 38.0 1.5 12 37.0 1.0 0.5 12 36.0 0.0 11 35.0 Thousands Percentage -0.5

11 34.0 of change Rate -1.0 10 33.0 -1.5 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 209 International Migration Report 2009 Lithuania

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 349 272 212 165 129 Males (thousands) 152 118 92 72 56 Females (thousands) 198 154 120 94 73 Percentage of female migrants 56. 6 56. 6 56. 6 56. 6 56. 6 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 9.4 7.5 6.1 4. 8 4. 0 Annual rate of change -5. 0 -5. 0 -5. 0 -5. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -5. 0 -5. 0 -5. 0 -5. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -62 -48 -38 -29

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — — 0 1 1 Percentage of international migrants — — 0. 0 0. 3 0. 5 Percentage of total refugee population — — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change — — 46. 1 3. 9

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 1 50 534 1 433 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 0 0. 4 2. 1 3. 7

Population Total (thousands) 3 698 3 630 3 501 3 416 3 255 Males (thousands) 1 749 1 710 1 638 1 593 1 525 Females (thousands) 1 949 1 920 1 863 1 823 1 731 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -3. 7 -7. 3 -4. 9 -9. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 1. 7 -1. 3 -2. 8 -3. 7 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -19. 8 -21. 1 -7. 2 -20. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -5. 3 -5. 8 -2. 0 -5. 9 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 2 579 2 717

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 400 10.0 -4.9 350 9.0 -5.0 300 8.0 250 -5.0 7.0 200 6.0 -5.0 150 5.0 -5.0 Thousands 100 Percentage

50 4.0 of change Rate -5.0 0 3.0 -5.1 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

210 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Luxembourg

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 114 127 141 156 173 Males (thousands) 56 63 70 78 86 Females (thousands) 58 64 71 79 87 Percentage of female migrants 50. 7 50. 6 50. 5 50. 3 50. 2 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 29.8 31.1 32.2 33. 7 35. 2 Annual rate of change 2. 2 2. 1 2. 1 2. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 2 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 17 18 20 22

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 0 1 1 2 2 Percentage of international migrants 0. 3 0. 4 0. 5 1. 1 1. 4 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change 7. 5 7. 6 17. 0 7. 4

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. .. 579 1 269 1 565 Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. 2. 9 3. 4 3. 1

Population Total (thousands) 382 409 437 464 492 Males (thousands) 187 200 215 230 244 Females (thousands) 195 208 222 235 248 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 13. 5 13. 4 12. 0 11. 6 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 2. 9 3. 8 3. 1 3. 2 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 4. 2 4. 1 4. 0 4. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 11. 0 10. 0 9. 3 8. 6 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 733 492

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 200 36.0 2.3 35.0 2.2 150 34.0 2.2 2.1 33.0 100 2.1 32.0 2.0 31.0 2.0 Thousands 50 Percentage 1.9

30.0 of change Rate 1.9 0 29.0 1.8 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 211 International Migration Report 2009 Madagascar

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 46 44 42 40 38 Males (thousands) 25 24 22 21 20 Females (thousands) 21 20 19 18 17 Percentage of female migrants 46. 1 46. 1 46. 1 46. 1 46. 1 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.4 0.3 0.3 0. 2 0. 2 Annual rate of change -1. 0 -1. 0 -1. 0 -1. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 0 -1. 0 -1. 0 -1. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 -0 -0 -1

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 0 0 — — Percentage of international migrants — 0. 1 0. 1 — — Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 0 — — Annual rate of change — 1. 1 — —

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 8 14 11 11 11 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 3 0. 4 0. 3 0. 2 0. 1

Population Total (thousands) 11 273 13 121 15 275 17 614 20 146 Males (thousands) 5 644 6 554 7 616 8 773 10 031 Females (thousands) 5 629 6 567 7 660 8 841 10 116 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 30. 4 30. 4 28. 5 26. 9 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 30. 4 30. 4 28. 5 26. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -1. 4 -1. 2 -1. 0 -1. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1 Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 42 693 42 751

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 50 2.0 -1.0 40 1.5 -1.0 1.0 30 -1.0 0.5 -1.0 20 0.0 -1.0 Thousands 10 Percentage

-0.5 of change Rate -1.0 0 -1.0 -1.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

212 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Malawi

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 1 157 325 280 279 276 Males (thousands) 561 158 136 135 133 Females (thousands) 595 168 144 144 142 Percentage of female migrants 51. 5 51. 5 51. 6 51. 6 51. 6 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 7 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 12.2 3.2 2.4 2. 0 1. 8 Annual rate of change -25. 4 -3. 0 -0. 1 -0. 2 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -763 -28 14 10

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 875 46 3 4 3 Percentage of international migrants 75. 6 14. 0 1. 0 1. 4 1. 2 Percentage of total refugee population 4. 7 0. 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change -59. 1 -55. 8 6. 9 -2. 8

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 1 1 1 1 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Population Total (thousands) 9 451 10 144 11 831 13 654 15 692 Males (thousands) 4 645 5 011 5 859 6 771 7 802 Females (thousands) 4 806 5 133 5 972 6 883 7 890 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 14. 1 30. 8 28. 7 27. 8 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 32. 9 32. 3 29. 1 28. 0 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -184. 0 -17. 0 -6. 0 -4. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -19. 5 -1. 7 -0. 5 -0. 3 Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 36 575 36 795

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 1,400 13.0 0.0 1,200 11.0 -5.0 1,000 9.0 -10.0 800 7.0 600 -15.0 400 5.0 -20.0 Thousands Percentage

200 3.0 of change Rate -25.0 0 1.0 -30.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 213 International Migration Report 2009 Malaysia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 1 014 1 193 1 554 2 029 2 358 Males (thousands) 561 661 858 1 116 1 292 Females (thousands) 453 532 696 913 1 065 Percentage of female migrants 44. 7 44. 6 44. 8 45. 0 45. 2 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 7 0. 7 0. 9 1. 0 1. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 5.6 5.8 6.7 7. 9 8. 4 Annual rate of change 3. 2 5. 3 5. 3 3. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 4. 4 4. 7 5. 7 3. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 198 382 502 363

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 63 5 51 29 35 Percentage of international migrants 6. 2 0. 4 3. 3 1. 4 1. 5 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 3 0. 0 0. 3 0. 2 0. 2 Annual rate of change -49. 4 45. 1 -10. 9 3. 6

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 325 716 981 1 281 1 803 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 7 0. 8 1. 0 0. 9 1. 0

Population Total (thousands) 18 103 20 594 23 274 25 633 27 914 Males (thousands) 9 185 10 462 11 836 13 026 14 170 Females (thousands) 8 919 10 132 11 437 12 607 13 744 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 25. 8 24. 5 19. 3 17. 0 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 22. 8 19. 9 18. 1 16. 1 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 57. 4 99. 6 30. 0 26. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 3. 2 4. 8 1. 3 1. 0 Percentage of total population 0. 3 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 39 664 38 925

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 2,500 9.0 6.0 8.5 2,000 5.0 8.0 1,500 7.5 4.0 7.0 3.0 1,000 6.5 2.0 Thousands 6.0 Percentage 500 5.5 of change Rate 1.0 0 5.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

214 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Maldives

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 3 3 3 3 3 Males (thousands) 1 2 2 2 2 Females (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1 Percentage of female migrants 45. 0 45. 2 45. 0 44. 8 44. 7 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.2 1.2 1.1 1. 1 1. 0 Annual rate of change 1. 6 1. 1 0. 8 0. 8 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 6 1. 1 0. 8 0. 8 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 0 0 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 2 2 2 2 3 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 9 0. 5 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3

Population Total (thousands) 216 248 272 292 314 Males (thousands) 110 126 138 148 158 Females (thousands) 105 121 134 144 155 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 27. 9 18. 8 14. 3 14. 2 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 27. 9 18. 8 14. 3 14. 2 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) — — — — Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population — — — — Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 455 455

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 4 3.0 2.0 3 2.5 1.5 3 2.0 2 1.5 2 1.0 1 1.0 Thousands Percentage 0.5

1 0.5 of change Rate 0 0.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 215 International Migration Report 2009 Mali

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 165 174 164 165 163 Males (thousands) 85 90 85 86 85 Females (thousands) 80 84 79 79 77 Percentage of female migrants 48. 5 48. 3 48. 0 47. 8 47. 6 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.9 1.8 1.6 1. 4 1. 2 Annual rate of change 1. 0 -1. 2 0. 2 -0. 3 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 21 2 12 7

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 7 17 8 11 10 Percentage of international migrants 4. 1 9. 7 5. 1 6. 8 6. 1 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Annual rate of change 18. 4 -14. 0 5. 9 -2. 6

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 107 112 73 177 344 Percentage of gross domestic product 4. 3 4. 1 2. 7 3. 2 5. 0

Population Total (thousands) 8 655 9 549 10 523 11 833 13 323 Males (thousands) 4 298 4 727 5 196 5 841 6 580 Females (thousands) 4 357 4 822 5 326 5 992 6 743 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 19. 7 19. 4 23. 5 23. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 25. 4 25. 1 25. 8 26. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -52. 0 -56. 8 -26. 8 -40. 3 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -6. 0 -5. 9 -2. 6 -3. 4 Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 28 260 30 487

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 175 4.0 1.5 3.5 1.0 170 3.0 0.5 165 2.5 0.0 2.0 -0.5 Thousands 160 Percentage

1.5 of change Rate -1.0 155 1.0 -1.5 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

216 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Malta

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 6 7 9 12 15 Males (thousands) 3 3 4 6 7 Females (thousands) 3 4 5 6 8 Percentage of female migrants 56. 6 57. 2 55. 3 51. 6 51. 6 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.6 1.9 2.3 2. 9 3. 8 Annual rate of change 4. 1 4. 6 5. 3 5. 6 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 9 5. 3 2. 6 5. 1 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 2 3 4

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 0 0 2 3 Percentage of international migrants — 6. 0 2. 6 15. 0 17. 5 Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change — -12. 1 40. 5 8. 7

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 58 20 14 34 43 Percentage of gross domestic product 2. 3 0. 6 0. 4 0. 6 0. 6

Population Total (thousands) 360 378 389 403 410 Males (thousands) 178 187 193 200 204 Females (thousands) 182 191 196 203 206 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 9. 6 5. 8 6. 9 3. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 6. 7 4. 5 2. 4 1. 2 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 1. 1 0. 5 1. 8 1. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 2. 9 1. 3 4. 6 2. 5 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 413 361

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 20 4.0 6.0 3.5 5.0 15 3.0 4.0 10 2.5 3.0 2.0 2.0 Thousands 5 Percentage

1.5 of change Rate 1.0 0 1.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 217 International Migration Report 2009 Marshall Islands

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 2 2 2 2 2 Males (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1 Females (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1 Percentage of female migrants 41. 0 41. 0 41. 0 41. 0 41. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.3 3.1 3.1 2. 9 2. 7 Annual rate of change 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 0 0 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 47 51 52 57 63 Males (thousands) 24 26 27 29 32 Females (thousands) 23 25 25 28 31 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 15. 1 4. 4 16. 8 22. 3 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 36. 8 35. 9 34. 2 30. 6 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -1. 1 -1. 6 -0. 9 -0. 5 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -22. 5 -31. 9 -18. 1 -8. 8 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 92 126

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 2 5.0 0.5 2 4.5 0.5 0.5 2 4.0 0.5 2 3.5 0.5 2 3.0 0.5 Thousands Percentage 0.5

2 2.5 of change Rate 0.5 1 2.0 0.5 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

218 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Martinique

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 39 46 54 65 71 Males (thousands) 19 22 25 30 33 Females (thousands) 20 24 29 35 39 Percentage of female migrants 50. 7 52. 0 53. 3 53. 8 54. 4 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 10.8 12.4 14.2 16. 2 17. 6 Annual rate of change 3. 4 3. 4 3. 4 2. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 4 3. 4 3. 4 2. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 8 10 12 9

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 359 370 385 398 406 Males (thousands) 173 177 182 186 190 Females (thousands) 186 193 203 212 216 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 6. 0 8. 0 6. 7 3. 9 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 9. 6 8. 2 7. 1 4. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -1. 3 -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 4 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -3. 7 -0. 2 -0. 4 -1. 0 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 393 428

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 80 18.0 4.0 70 17.0 3.5 60 16.0 3.0 50 15.0 2.5 40 14.0 2.0 30 13.0 1.5 Thousands 20 12.0 Percentage 1.0 10 11.0 of change Rate 0.5 0 10.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 219 International Migration Report 2009 Mauritania

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 94 118 63 66 99 Males (thousands) 55 68 36 38 57 Females (thousands) 39 49 26 28 42 Percentage of female migrants 41. 8 41. 9 42. 0 42. 1 42. 2 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 4.7 5.2 2.4 2. 2 2. 9 Annual rate of change 4. 5 -12. 6 1. 1 8. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 0 1. 0 1. 0 1. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 28 -50 6 36

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 38 58 0 1 30 Percentage of international migrants 39. 9 49. 6 0. 5 0. 8 30. 6 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 2 0. 3 0. 0 0. 0 0. 2 Annual rate of change 8. 8 -106. 3 13. 1 80. 1

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 14 5 2 2 2 Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 3 0. 4 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1

Population Total (thousands) 1 988 2 270 2 604 2 985 3 366 Males (thousands) 999 1 142 1 314 1 511 1 707 Females (thousands) 989 1 128 1 289 1 474 1 659 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 26. 5 27. 5 27. 3 24. 0 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 27. 8 26. 6 25. 2 23. 3 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -2. 9 2. 0 6. 0 2. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 5 0. 9 2. 3 0. 7 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 6 061 6 281

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 140 6.0 10.0 120 5.5 5.0 100 5.0 4.5 80 0.0 4.0 60 3.5 -5.0 40 Thousands 3.0 Percentage -10.0 20 2.5 of change Rate 0 2.0 -15.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

220 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Mauritius

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 9 18 39 41 43 Males (thousands) 4 8 14 15 16 Females (thousands) 4 10 25 26 27 Percentage of female migrants 50. 9 56. 8 63. 3 63. 3 63. 3 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.8 1.6 3.3 3. 3 3. 3 Annual rate of change 14. 9 14. 9 1. 0 1. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 14. 9 14. 9 1. 0 1. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 10 21 3 3

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — — 0 — — Percentage of international migrants — — 0. 1 — — Percentage of total refugee population — — 0. 0 — — Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 132 177 215 215 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 3. 3 3. 9 3. 4 2. 9

Population Total (thousands) 1 056 1 129 1 195 1 252 1 297 Males (thousands) 527 563 594 622 642 Females (thousands) 529 566 600 631 655 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 13. 2 11. 4 9. 4 6. 9 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 14. 5 11. 8 9. 4 6. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -1. 4 -0. 4 — — Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 3 -0. 4 — — Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 1 426 1 426

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 50 4.0 16.0 3.5 14.0 40 3.0 12.0 30 2.5 10.0 2.0 8.0 20 1.5 6.0 Thousands 1.0 Percentage 10 4.0 0.5 of change Rate 2.0 0 0.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 221 International Migration Report 2009 Mayotte

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 15 27 40 57 72 Males (thousands) 9 14 20 29 36 Females (thousands) 6 13 20 28 36 Percentage of female migrants 42. 6 47. 0 49. 4 49. 7 49. 9 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 16.1 22.1 27.0 32. 7 36. 0 Annual rate of change 11. 9 8. 0 7. 0 4. 6 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 11. 9 8. 0 7. 0 4. 6 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 12 14 17 15

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 82 ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 92 122 149 174 199 Males (thousands) 47 62 75 88 100 Females (thousands) 45 60 74 87 99 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 55. 4 39. 7 32. 1 26. 4 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 36. 4 34. 2 27. 6 22. 5 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 2. 0 0. 7 0. 7 0. 7 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 21. 7 5. 9 4. 9 4. 1 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 386 346

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 80 14.0 35.0 70 12.0 60 30.0 10.0 50 8.0 40 25.0 30 6.0 Thousands 20 20.0 Percentage 4.0

10 of change Rate 2.0 0 15.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

222 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Mexico

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 701 458 521 605 726 Males (thousands) 353 231 263 306 367 Females (thousands) 348 227 258 299 358 Percentage of female migrants 49. 6 49. 5 49. 5 49. 4 49. 4 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 5 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.8 0.5 0.5 0. 6 0. 7 Annual rate of change -8. 5 2. 6 3. 0 3. 6 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 7 3. 7 3. 7 3. 7 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -230 71 93 132

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 356 43 21 4 2 Percentage of international migrants 50. 8 9. 4 4. 1 0. 6 0. 3 Percentage of total refugee population 1. 9 0. 2 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change -42. 3 -13. 9 -34. 7 -8. 6

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 3 098 4 368 7 525 23 062 27 136 Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 2 1. 5 1. 3 3. 0 3. 0

Population Total (thousands) 83 404 91 650 99 531 105 330 110 645 Males (thousands) 41 349 45 396 49 283 51 976 54 466 Females (thousands) 42 055 46 253 50 247 53 354 56 179 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 18. 9 16. 5 11. 3 9. 8 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 22. 0 18. 9 16. 6 14. 3 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -272. 9 -235. 3 -540. 4 -486. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -3. 3 -2. 6 -5. 4 -4. 6 Percentage of total population 1. 6 1. 6 1. 6 1. 6 1. 6

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 128 964 148 414

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 800 3.0 6.0 700 2.5 4.0 600 2.0 2.0 500 0.0 400 1.5 -2.0 300 1.0 -4.0 Thousands 200 Percentage -6.0

0.5 of change Rate 100 -8.0 0 0.0 -10.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 223 International Migration Report 2009 Micronesia (Federated States of)

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 4 3 3 3 3 Males (thousands) 2 2 2 2 1 Females (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1 Percentage of female migrants 35. 9 36. 2 45. 3 46. 4 46. 4 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.8 3.1 2.9 2. 6 2. 4 Annual rate of change -2. 0 -1. 5 -1. 5 -1. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -2. 0 -1. 5 -1. 5 -1. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -0 -0 -0 -0

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — — — — 0 Percentage of international migrants — — — — 0. 1 Percentage of total refugee population — — — — 0. 0 Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 96 107 107 109 111 Males (thousands) 49 55 54 56 57 Females (thousands) 47 52 53 54 54 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 21. 5 -0. 2 4. 3 3. 1 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 25. 8 25. 2 22. 2 19. 4 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 4 -2. 7 -1. 9 -1. 8 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -4. 6 -25. 4 -18. 1 -16. 5 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 128 186

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 4 5.0 0.0 4 4.5 3 -0.5 4.0 3 -1.0 2 3.5 2 3.0 -1.5 Thousands 1 Percentage -2.0 1 2.5 of change Rate 0 2.0 -2.5 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

224 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Monaco

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 20 21 22 23 24 Males (thousands) 9 10 10 11 12 Females (thousands) 11 11 11 12 12 Percentage of female migrants 53. 4 52. 7 52. 0 51. 3 50. 6 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 68.6 68.2 68.0 69. 8 71. 6 Annual rate of change 0. 8 0. 8 0. 8 0. 8 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 8 0. 8 0. 8 0. 8 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 2 2 2 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 29 31 32 32 33 Males (thousands) 14 15 16 16 16 Females (thousands) 15 16 16 17 17 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 9. 3 8. 9 2. 8 2. 8 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population -3. 3 -2. 6 -0. 2 0. 6 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 4 0. 4 0. 1 0. 1 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 12. 9 11. 7 3. 0 2. 1 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 38 28

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 24 72.0 0.8 23 71.0 0.8 22 0.8 70.0 0.8 21 69.0 0.8 20 Thousands Percentage 0.8 68.0

19 of change Rate 0.8 18 67.0 0.8 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 225 International Migration Report 2009 Mongolia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 7 7 8 9 10 Males (thousands) 3 4 4 4 5 Females (thousands) 3 4 4 5 5 Percentage of female migrants 49. 1 50. 7 53. 2 54. 0 54. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.3 0.3 0.3 0. 4 0. 4 Annual rate of change 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 1 1 1

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. .. 12 180 194 Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. 1. 1 7. 8 5. 0

Population Total (thousands) 2 216 2 270 2 389 2 550 2 701 Males (thousands) 1 106 1 135 1 184 1 262 1 336 Females (thousands) 1 110 1 135 1 205 1 287 1 366 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 4. 8 10. 3 13. 0 11. 5 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 20. 2 14. 5 11. 6 12. 3 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -34. 6 -9. 9 3. 4 -2. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -15. 6 -4. 4 1. 4 -0. 8 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 3 446 3 534

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 12 3.0 2.0 10 2.5 2.0 8 2.0 2.0 6 1.5 4 1.0 2.0 Thousands Percentage 2.0

2 0.5 of change Rate

0 0.0 2.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

226 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Montenegro

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) ...... 55 43 Males (thousands) ...... 21 16 Females (thousands) ...... 33 26 Percentage of female migrants ...... 60. 9 61. 5 Percentage of total migrant stock ...... 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population ...... 8. 7 6. 8 Annual rate of change ...... -5. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees ...... -9. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) ...... -10

Refugeesb Total (thousands) ...... 0 8 Percentage of international migrants ...... 0. 0 18. 2 Percentage of total refugee population ...... — 0. 0 Annual rate of change ...... 143. 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) ...... 625 626 Males (thousands) ...... 308 308 Females (thousands) ...... 317 318 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population ...... 0. 3 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 7. 2 6. 8 4. 8 1. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 3. 0 3. 0 -10. 3 -1. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population ...... -1. 6 Percentage of total population ...... 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 618 625

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 60 9.0 0.0 50 8.5 -2.0 40 8.0 -4.0 30 7.5 20 7.0 -6.0 Thousands Percentage -8.0

10 6.5 of change Rate

0 6.0 -10.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 227 International Migration Report 2009 Montserrat

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 2 2 0 0 0 Males (thousands) 1 1 0 0 0 Females (thousands) 1 1 0 0 0 Percentage of female migrants 48. 9 47. 8 46. 7 46. 4 46. 3 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 18.8 17.8 3.7 2. 0 1. 8 Annual rate of change -2. 0 -46. 1 -10. 1 -0. 4 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -2. 0 -46. 1 -10. 1 -0. 4 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -0 -2 -0 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 11 10 5 6 6 Males (thousands) 5 5 2 3 3 Females (thousands) 5 5 2 3 3 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -9. 5 -144. 9 25. 4 11. 5 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 17. 2 15. 0 14. 1 11. 5 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 3 -1. 2 0. 1 — Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -26. 1 -114. 2 12. 0 — Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 7 7

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 3 0.0 16.0 2 -10.0

2 11.0 -20.0 1 -30.0

Thousands 6.0 Percentage 1 -40.0 Rate of change Rate

0 1.0 -50.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

228 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Morocco

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 58 55 53 51 49 Males (thousands) 29 28 27 26 25 Females (thousands) 29 28 27 25 24 Percentage of female migrants 50. 4 50. 3 50. 1 49. 9 49. 7 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.2 0.2 0.2 0. 2 0. 2 Annual rate of change -0. 8 -0. 8 -0. 8 -0. 8 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 8 -1. 3 -0. 7 -0. 6 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -1 -1 -1 -1

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 0 0 2 1 1 Percentage of international migrants 0. 5 0. 4 2. 8 2. 3 1. 3 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change -9. 0 40. 7 -5. 0 -11. 9

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 2 006 1 970 2 161 4 590 6 730 Percentage of gross domestic product 7. 0 5. 3 5. 8 7. 8 9. 2

Population Total (thousands) 24 808 26 951 28 827 30 495 32 381 Males (thousands) 12 371 13 397 14 257 15 008 15 897 Females (thousands) 12 436 13 553 14 570 15 487 16 484 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 16. 6 13. 5 11. 2 12. 0 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 20. 0 17. 0 15. 0 14. 7 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -90. 0 -100. 0 -110. 0 -85. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -3. 6 -3. 7 -3. 8 -2. 8 Percentage of total population 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 42 583 45 545

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 60 2.0 0.0 58 1.5 -0.2 56 -0.4 54 1.0 -0.6 52 0.5 -0.8 50 0.0 Thousands 48 Percentage -1.0

-0.5 of change Rate 46 -1.2 44 -1.0 -1.4 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 229 International Migration Report 2009 Mozambique

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 122 246 366 406 450 Males (thousands) 58 118 175 194 216 Females (thousands) 64 128 191 212 234 Percentage of female migrants 52. 2 52. 2 52. 1 52. 1 52. 1 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.9 1.5 2.0 1. 9 1. 9 Annual rate of change 14. 0 8. 0 2. 1 2. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 14. 1 8. 0 2. 0 2. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 133 136 62 68

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 0 0 0 1 3 Percentage of international migrants 0. 3 0. 1 0. 1 0. 3 0. 6 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change -12. 0 -1. 0 35. 9 14. 5

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 70 59 37 57 99 Percentage of gross domestic product 2. 3 2. 3 0. 9 0. 9 1. 3

Population Total (thousands) 13 543 15 945 18 249 20 834 23 406 Males (thousands) 6 473 7 608 8 768 10 076 11 399 Females (thousands) 7 070 8 337 9 482 10 758 12 006 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 32. 7 27. 0 26. 5 23. 3 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 23. 8 26. 1 26. 7 23. 4 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 130. 0 15. 0 -4. 0 -4. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 9. 6 0. 9 -0. 2 -0. 2 Percentage of total population 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 44 148 44 313

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 500 3.0 16.0 14.0 400 2.5 12.0 2.0 300 10.0 1.5 8.0 200 1.0 6.0 Thousands 100 Percentage 4.0

0.5 of change Rate 2.0 0 0.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

230 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Myanmar

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 134 114 98 93 89 Males (thousands) 72 61 52 49 46 Females (thousands) 61 52 46 44 43 Percentage of female migrants 45. 9 45. 9 46. 8 47. 7 48. 7 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.3 0.3 0.2 0. 2 0. 2 Annual rate of change -3. 2 -3. 0 -1. 0 -1. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -3. 2 -3. 0 -1. 0 -1. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -15 -11 -1 -1

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 6 81 104 131 125 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 1 1. 0 1. 4 1. 1 0. 7

Population Total (thousands) 40 844 43 864 46 610 48 345 50 496 Males (thousands) 20 167 21 646 23 000 23 687 24 657 Females (thousands) 20 677 22 218 23 610 24 659 25 839 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 14. 3 12. 1 7. 3 8. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 14. 9 12. 1 11. 5 10. 7 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -25. 2 0. 8 -200. 0 -100. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 6 0. 0 -4. 3 -2. 1 Percentage of total population 0. 8 0. 8 0. 8 0. 7 0. 7

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 63 373 63 898

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 160 2.0 0.0 140 1.5 -0.5 120 -1.0 100 1.0 -1.5 80 0.5 -2.0 60 0.0 Thousands 40 Percentage -2.5

-0.5 of change Rate 20 -3.0 0 -1.0 -3.5 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 231 International Migration Report 2009 Namibia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 112 118 125 132 139 Males (thousands) 60 63 66 69 73 Females (thousands) 52 55 59 62 66 Percentage of female migrants 46. 6 46. 9 47. 1 47. 3 47. 6 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 7.9 7.3 6.8 6. 6 6. 3 Annual rate of change 1. 1 1. 1 1. 1 1. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 8 -1. 7 2. 5 1. 8 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 10 10 12 11

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 1 17 10 6 Percentage of international migrants — 1. 2 14. 0 7. 6 4. 3 Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 Annual rate of change — 50. 3 -11. 0 -10. 3

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 13 16 9 18 16 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 6 0. 5 0. 3 0. 3 0. 2

Population Total (thousands) 1 417 1 620 1 824 2 009 2 212 Males (thousands) 692 792 893 988 1 091 Females (thousands) 725 828 931 1 021 1 121 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 26. 8 23. 7 19. 3 19. 3 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 28. 6 24. 4 19. 4 19. 3 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -2. 7 -1. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 9 -0. 8 -0. 1 -0. 1 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 3 588 3 545

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 160 9.0 3.0 140 8.5 120 2.0 8.0 100 1.0 80 7.5 60 7.0 0.0 Thousands 40 Percentage -1.0 20 6.5 of change Rate 0 6.0 -2.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

232 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Nauru

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 4 4 5 5 5 Males (thousands) 2 2 3 3 3 Females (thousands) 2 2 2 2 2 Percentage of female migrants 44. 0 44. 5 45. 0 45. 0 45. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 42.9 42.5 45.4 48. 7 51. 8 Annual rate of change 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 0 0 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 9 10 10 10 10 Males (thousands) 5 5 5 5 5 Females (thousands) 5 5 5 5 5 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 17. 1 1. 5 1. 4 2. 8 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 15. 7 14. 6 13. 4 11. 8 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 0 -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 1. 4 -13. 2 -12. 0 -9. 1 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 11 13

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 6 52.0 1.5 5 50.0 1.5 4 1.5 48.0 1.5 3 46.0 1.5 2 Thousands Percentage 1.5 44.0

1 of change Rate 1.5 0 42.0 1.5 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 233 International Migration Report 2009 Nepal

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 431 625 718 819 946 Males (thousands) 122 181 215 253 301 Females (thousands) 308 444 503 566 645 Percentage of female migrants 71. 6 71. 1 70. 1 69. 1 68. 2 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 3 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.3 2.9 2.9 3. 0 3. 2 Annual rate of change 7. 4 2. 8 2. 6 2. 9 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 8 3. 2 3. 2 3. 2 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 213 115 121 147

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 17 124 129 126 131 Percentage of international migrants 4. 0 19. 8 17. 9 15. 4 13. 8 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 1 0. 7 0. 8 0. 9 0. 8 Annual rate of change 39. 4 0. 7 -0. 5 0. 8

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 57 111 1 212 1 734 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 1. 2 1. 8 13. 4 14. 7

Population Total (thousands) 19 105 21 624 24 432 27 222 29 853 Males (thousands) 9 714 10 832 12 193 13 535 14 824 Females (thousands) 9 390 10 792 12 239 13 687 15 028 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 24. 8 24. 4 21. 6 18. 5 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 25. 7 25. 2 22. 4 19. 1 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -20. 2 -19. 8 -20. 0 -20. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 1 -0. 9 -0. 8 -0. 7 Percentage of total population 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 49 028 49 516

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 1,000 5.0 8.0 7.0 800 4.5 6.0 4.0 600 5.0 3.5 4.0 400 3.0 3.0 Thousands 200 Percentage 2.0

2.5 of change Rate 1.0 0 2.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

234 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Netherlands

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 1 192 1 387 1 585 1 735 1 753 Males (thousands) 596 687 780 841 839 Females (thousands) 596 700 806 895 913 Percentage of female migrants 50. 0 50. 5 50. 8 51. 6 52. 1 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 8 0. 8 0. 9 0. 9 0. 8 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 8.0 9.0 10.0 10. 6 10. 5 Annual rate of change 3. 0 2. 7 1. 8 0. 2 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 3 1. 8 2. 2 0. 6 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 234 244 201 71

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 17 71 142 122 94 Percentage of international migrants 1. 4 5. 1 9. 0 7. 1 5. 3 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 1 0. 4 0. 9 0. 9 0. 6 Annual rate of change 28. 4 13. 9 -3. 0 -5. 4

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 709 1 359 1 157 2 197 2 548 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3

Population Total (thousands) 14 953 15 448 15 915 16 316 16 653 Males (thousands) 7 391 7 640 7 873 8 070 8 259 Females (thousands) 7 562 7 809 8 042 8 246 8 394 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 6. 5 5. 9 5. 0 4. 1 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 4. 0 3. 6 3. 6 2. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 38. 2 36. 9 21. 9 20. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 2. 6 2. 4 1. 4 1. 2 Percentage of total population 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 17 399 16 180

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 2,000 11.0 3.5 10.5 3.0 1,500 10.0 2.5 9.5 2.0 1,000 9.0 8.5 1.5 Thousands 500 8.0 Percentage 1.0

7.5 of change Rate 0.5 0 7.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 235 International Migration Report 2009 Netherlands Antilles

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 38 44 46 47 53 Males (thousands) 17 20 20 20 23 Females (thousands) 21 24 26 26 30 Percentage of female migrants 55. 1 55. 2 55. 7 56. 3 56. 8 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 20.1 23.1 25.5 25. 0 26. 4 Annual rate of change 2. 7 0. 9 0. 2 2. 6 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 7 0. 9 0. 2 2. 6 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 6 3 2 8

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 5 11 12 8 32 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 3 0. 4 0. 4 0. 3 0. 9

Population Total (thousands) 191 191 181 186 201 Males (thousands) 91 91 85 87 93 Females (thousands) 99 100 95 100 108 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 0. 0 -10. 8 6. 3 14. 8 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 13. 3 9. 4 7. 5 6. 0 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -2. 5 -3. 7 -0. 2 1. 7 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -13. 3 -19. 6 -1. 2 9. 1 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 192 205

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 60 27.0 3.0 26.0 50 2.5 25.0 40 24.0 2.0 30 23.0 1.5 22.0 20 1.0 Thousands 21.0 Percentage

10 20.0 of change Rate 0.5 0 19.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

236 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 New Caledonia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 38 45 50 54 60 Males (thousands) 21 25 27 29 32 Females (thousands) 17 20 23 25 28 Percentage of female migrants 44. 6 45. 0 45. 8 46. 6 46. 6 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 22.0 23.1 23.1 23. 2 23. 6 Annual rate of change 3. 4 2. 1 1. 9 1. 9 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 4 2. 1 1. 9 1. 9 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 8 6 6 6

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... 512 586 Percentage of gross domestic product ...... 8. 2 7. 3

Population Total (thousands) 171 193 215 235 254 Males (thousands) 87 99 109 118 127 Females (thousands) 84 94 106 116 127 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 24. 2 21. 7 17. 5 15. 5 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 18. 4 16. 2 13. 2 11. 0 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 1. 1 1. 1 1. 0 1. 1 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 6. 2 5. 8 4. 5 4. 7 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 362 317

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 70 24.0 4.0 60 23.5 3.5 3.0 50 23.0 40 2.5 22.5 30 2.0 1.5 20 22.0 Thousands Percentage 1.0

21.5 of change Rate 10 0.5 0 21.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 237 International Migration Report 2009 New Zealand

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 523 594 685 858 962 Males (thousands) 261 292 333 412 458 Females (thousands) 262 302 352 445 504 Percentage of female migrants 50. 1 50. 9 51. 4 51. 9 52. 4 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 3 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 15.5 16.1 17.7 20. 9 22. 4 Annual rate of change 2. 5 2. 8 4. 5 2. 3 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 6 2. 8 4. 5 2. 3 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 86 107 190 127

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 5 4 5 5 4 Percentage of international migrants 0. 9 0. 6 0. 7 0. 6 0. 4 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change -4. 6 5. 4 1. 8 -6. 6

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 762 1 858 452 739 650 Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 7 3. 0 0. 9 0. 7 0. 5

Population Total (thousands) 3 386 3 685 3 868 4 111 4 303 Males (thousands) 1 671 1 819 1 902 2 027 2 126 Females (thousands) 1 714 1 866 1 966 2 084 2 177 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 17. 0 9. 7 12. 2 9. 2 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 8. 9 7. 4 7. 0 6. 8 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 28. 5 8. 5 20. 5 10. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 8. 4 2. 3 5. 3 2. 4 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 5 349 4 800

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 1,200 23.0 5.0 1,000 22.0 21.0 4.0 800 20.0 3.0 600 19.0 400 18.0 2.0 Thousands 17.0 Percentage 1.0 200 16.0 of change Rate 0 15.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

238 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Nicaragua

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 41 27 31 35 40 Males (thousands) 21 13 15 18 21 Females (thousands) 20 13 15 17 19 Percentage of female migrants 49. 4 49. 8 49. 3 48. 8 48. 3 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.0 0.6 0.6 0. 6 0. 7 Annual rate of change -8. 5 2. 7 2. 7 2. 8 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 8 2. 8 2. 8 2. 8 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -13 4 5 6

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 16 0 0 0 0 Percentage of international migrants 38. 3 1. 7 1. 3 0. 7 0. 5 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change -71. 1 -2. 1 -8. 7 -6. 1

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 75 320 616 740 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 2. 4 8. 1 12. 7 13. 0

Population Total (thousands) 4 138 4 659 5 101 5 455 5 822 Males (thousands) 2 064 2 321 2 539 2 709 2 881 Females (thousands) 2 074 2 339 2 562 2 746 2 941 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 23. 7 18. 1 13. 4 13. 0 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 28. 9 24. 6 21. 2 20. 1 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -22. 8 -31. 6 -41. 3 -40. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -5. 5 -6. 8 -8. 1 -7. 3 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 8 143 9 479

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 50 3.0 4.0 40 2.5 2.0 2.0 0.0 30 -2.0 1.5 20 -4.0 1.0 Thousands Percentage -6.0 10

0.5 of change Rate -8.0 0 0.0 -10.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 239 International Migration Report 2009 Niger

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 136 171 165 183 202 Males (thousands) 64 80 77 85 93 Females (thousands) 72 91 88 98 109 Percentage of female migrants 52. 8 53. 1 53. 3 53. 6 53. 9 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.7 1.8 1.5 1. 4 1. 3 Annual rate of change 4. 6 -0. 6 2. 0 2. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 46 7 28 29

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 0 21 0 0 0 Percentage of international migrants 0. 3 12. 5 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change 79. 7 -93. 0 9. 2 -0. 3

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 14 8 14 66 78 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 6 0. 5 0. 8 2. 0 1. 9

Population Total (thousands) 7 904 9 302 11 031 13 102 15 891 Males (thousands) 3 898 4 613 5 510 6 554 7 961 Females (thousands) 4 006 4 689 5 521 6 548 7 931 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 32. 6 34. 1 34. 4 38. 6 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 32. 6 33. 5 34. 8 38. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 5 4. 8 -5. 7 -5. 7 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 1 0. 5 -0. 5 -0. 4 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 58 216 58 559

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 250 4.0 5.0 200 3.5 4.0 3.0 150 3.0 2.5 2.0 100 2.0 1.0 Thousands 50 Percentage

1.5 of change Rate 0.0 0 1.0 -1.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

240 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Nigeria

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 447 582 751 972 1 128 Males (thousands) 251 322 409 520 593 Females (thousands) 196 260 342 452 535 Percentage of female migrants 43. 8 44. 7 45. 6 46. 5 47. 4 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 3 0. 4 0. 4 0. 5 0. 5 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.5 0.5 0.6 0. 7 0. 7 Annual rate of change 5. 2 5. 1 5. 2 3. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 5. 2 5. 2 5. 2 3. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 167 209 269 214

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 4 7 7 9 9 Percentage of international migrants 0. 8 1. 2 0. 9 0. 9 0. 8 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 Annual rate of change 13. 1 0. 1 4. 1 -0. 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 10 804 1 392 3 329 9 221 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 0 2. 7 3. 0 3. 0 5. 3

Population Total (thousands) 97 338 110 449 124 842 140 879 158 259 Males (thousands) 48 389 55 020 62 326 70 498 79 343 Females (thousands) 48 949 55 430 62 516 70 381 78 916 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 25. 3 24. 5 24. 2 23. 3 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 25. 4 24. 6 24. 4 23. 6 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -19. 2 -19. 0 -34. 0 -60. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 3 -0. 4 Percentage of total population 1. 8 1. 9 2. 0 2. 2 2. 3

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 289 083 292 271

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 1,200 3.0 6.0 1,000 2.5 5.0 800 2.0 4.0 600 1.5 3.0 400 1.0 2.0 Thousands Percentage

200 0.5 of change Rate 1.0 0 0.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 241 International Migration Report 2009 Niue

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0 Males (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0 Females (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0 Percentage of female migrants 46. 9 46. 6 46. 4 46. 3 45. 9 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 20.0 20.6 21.8 23. 7 25. 6 Annual rate of change -1. 1 -1. 1 -1. 1 -1. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 1 -1. 1 -1. 1 -1. 1 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -0 -0 -0 -0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 2 2 2 2 1 Males (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1 Females (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -16. 5 -23. 2 -27. 5 -26. 8 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 12. 3 8. 3 7. 5 5. 7 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -27. 7 -29. 7 -32. 7 -30. 4 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 1 2

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 1 26.0 -1.1 25.0 0 -1.1 24.0 -1.1 0 23.0 -1.1 0 22.0 -1.1 21.0 Thousands Percentage -1.1 0 20.0 of change Rate -1.2 0 19.0 -1.2 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

242 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Northern Mariana Islands

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 27 36 45 51 55 Males (thousands) 14 19 24 27 29 Females (thousands) 13 17 21 24 26 Percentage of female migrants 46. 5 46. 7 46. 9 47. 2 47. 4 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 61.6 62.8 65.0 63. 4 62. 0 Annual rate of change 5. 9 4. 3 2. 5 1. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 5. 9 4. 3 2. 5 1. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 10 9 6 4

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 44 58 69 80 88 Males (thousands) 23 29 32 35 38 Females (thousands) 21 29 37 45 50 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 55. 2 35. 7 30. 1 19. 5 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 20. 5 17. 0 13. 2 12. 4 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 1. 7 1. 2 1. 3 0. 6 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 39. 8 20. 5 18. 1 7. 5 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 151 97

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 60 66.0 7.0 50 65.0 6.0 40 5.0 64.0 4.0 30 63.0 3.0 20 Thousands Percentage 2.0 62.0

10 of change Rate 1.0 0 61.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 243 International Migration Report 2009 Norway

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 195 237 299 371 485 Males (thousands) 101 119 148 181 237 Females (thousands) 95 118 150 189 248 Percentage of female migrants 48. 4 49. 9 50. 4 51. 1 51. 2 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 4.6 5.4 6.7 8. 0 10. 0 Annual rate of change 3. 9 4. 6 4. 3 5. 4 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 6 5. 7 5. 1 6. 2 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 49 71 82 127

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 19 46 46 44 39 Percentage of international migrants 9. 8 19. 5 15. 3 11. 7 8. 0 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 1 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3 0. 2 Annual rate of change 17. 7 -0. 2 -0. 9 -2. 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 158 239 246 505 613 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 1 0. 2 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2

Population Total (thousands) 4 241 4 359 4 484 4 635 4 855 Males (thousands) 2 097 2 156 2 220 2 299 2 415 Females (thousands) 2 144 2 204 2 264 2 337 2 440 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 5. 5 5. 6 6. 6 9. 3 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 3. 5 3. 3 2. 9 3. 6 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 8. 5 10. 5 16. 9 27. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 2. 0 2. 4 3. 8 5. 8 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 5 947 5 021

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 600 10.0 7.0 500 9.0 6.0 400 8.0 5.0 4.0 300 7.0 3.0 200 6.0 Thousands Percentage 2.0

100 5.0 of change Rate 1.0 0 4.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

244 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Occupied Palestinian Territory

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 911 1 201 1 408 1 661 1 924 Males (thousands) 466 613 718 845 978 Females (thousands) 445 588 690 815 946 Percentage of female migrants 48. 8 48. 9 49. 0 49. 1 49. 2 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 6 0. 7 0. 8 0. 9 0. 9 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 42.3 45.9 44.7 44. 1 43. 6 Annual rate of change 5. 5 3. 2 3. 3 2. 9 Annual rate of change excluding refugees - - - - Net migration of foreign born (thousands) - - - -

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 911 1 201 1 408 1 661 1 924 Percentage of international migrants 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 Percentage of total refugee population 4. 9 6. 5 9. 0 12. 0 11. 8 Annual rate of change 5. 5 3. 2 3. 3 2. 9

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 626 859 598 598 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 19. 4 20. 9 12. 3 11. 0

Population Total (thousands) 2 154 2 617 3 149 3 762 4 409 Males (thousands) 1 104 1 329 1 600 1 913 2 244 Females (thousands) 1 050 1 289 1 549 1 849 2 165 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 38. 9 37. 0 35. 5 31. 8 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 38. 7 36. 9 34. 8 32. 2 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 2 — 2. 1 -2. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 0. 1 — 0. 7 -0. 5 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 10 265 10 530

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 2,500 46.0 6.0 45.5 2,000 5.0 45.0 1,500 44.5 4.0 44.0 3.0 1,000 43.5 2.0 Thousands 43.0 Percentage 500 42.5 of change Rate 1.0 0 42.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 245 International Migration Report 2009 Oman

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 424 582 624 666 826 Males (thousands) 335 461 494 528 655 Females (thousands) 89 122 130 138 172 Percentage of female migrants 21. 0 20. 9 20. 8 20. 8 20. 8 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 3 0. 4 0. 3 0. 3 0. 4 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 23.0 26.8 26.0 25. 5 28. 4 Annual rate of change 6. 4 1. 4 1. 3 4. 3 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 6. 4 1. 4 1. 3 4. 3 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 165 48 49 167

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — — — 0 0 Percentage of international migrants — — — 0. 0 0. 0 Percentage of total refugee population — — — 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 39 39 39 39 39 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 3 0. 3 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1

Population Total (thousands) 1 843 2 172 2 402 2 618 2 905 Males (thousands) 1 026 1 281 1 392 1 487 1 636 Females (thousands) 817 891 1 010 1 131 1 269 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 32. 8 20. 2 17. 2 20. 8 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 30. 5 26. 3 21. 2 19. 4 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 4. 5 -14. 0 -10. 0 4. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 2. 4 -6. 4 -4. 2 1. 5 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 4 878 4 809

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 1,000 29.0 7.0 28.0 800 6.0 27.0 5.0 600 26.0 4.0 400 25.0 3.0 24.0 Thousands Percentage 2.0 200 23.0 of change Rate 1.0 0 22.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

246 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Pakistan

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 6 556 4 077 4 243 3 554 4 234 Males (thousands) 3 604 2 232 2 334 1 960 2 341 Females (thousands) 2 952 1 844 1 909 1 594 1 893 Percentage of female migrants 45. 0 45. 2 45. 0 44. 8 44. 7 Percentage of total migrant stock 4. 2 2. 5 2. 4 1. 8 2. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 5.7 3.1 2.9 2. 1 2. 3 Annual rate of change -9. 5 0. 8 -3. 5 3. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -2. 2 -2. 2 -2. 2 -2. 2 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -2241 295 -569 772

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 3 266 1 129 1 602 1 188 2 114 Percentage of international migrants 49. 8 27. 7 37. 8 33. 4 49. 9 Percentage of total refugee population 17. 7 6. 1 10. 2 8. 6 12. 9 Annual rate of change -21. 2 7. 0 -6. 0 11. 5

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 2 006 1 712 1 075 4 280 5 998 Percentage of gross domestic product 3. 5 2. 1 1. 4 3. 4 3. 7

Population Total (thousands) 115 776 130 397 148 132 165 816 184 753 Males (thousands) 60 185 67 557 76 505 85 476 95 115 Females (thousands) 55 591 62 840 71 627 80 339 89 638 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 23. 8 25. 5 22. 6 21. 6 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 28. 0 25. 5 24. 1 23. 2 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -522. 1 -8. 1 -247. 9 -283. 1 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -4. 5 -0. 1 -1. 7 -1. 7 Percentage of total population 2. 2 2. 3 2. 4 2. 5 2. 7

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 335 195 345 324

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 7,000 6.0 6.0 6,000 4.0 5.0 5,000 2.0 4.0 0.0 4,000 -2.0 3,000 3.0 -4.0 2,000 -6.0 Thousands 2.0 Percentage -8.0

1,000 of change Rate -10.0 0 1.0 -12.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 247 International Migration Report 2009 Palau

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 3 5 6 6 6 Males (thousands) 2 3 4 4 3 Females (thousands) 1 2 3 2 2 Percentage of female migrants 36. 0 40. 7 40. 2 40. 2 40. 2 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 19.2 27.3 32.7 30. 0 28. 1 Annual rate of change 9. 7 6. 0 -0. 9 -0. 9 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 9. 7 6. 0 -0. 9 -0. 9 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 2 2 -0 -0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 15 17 19 20 21 Males (thousands) 8 9 11 11 11 Females (thousands) 7 8 9 9 10 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 26. 6 24. 5 8. 6 4. 0 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 13. 0 10. 3 8. 7 8. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 2 0. 3 -0. 0 -0. 1 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 14. 6 15. 1 -0. 0 -5. 0 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 26 25

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 7 33.0 12.0 6 31.0 10.0 5 29.0 8.0 4 27.0 6.0 3 25.0 4.0 2 23.0 Thousands Percentage 2.0

1 21.0 of change Rate 0.0 0 19.0 -2.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

248 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Panama

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 62 73 86 102 121 Males (thousands) 33 38 44 51 59 Females (thousands) 29 35 42 51 62 Percentage of female migrants 47. 2 48. 2 49. 2 50. 2 51. 3 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.6 2.7 2.9 3. 2 3. 4 Annual rate of change 3. 4 3. 4 3. 4 3. 4 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 6 3. 3 3. 3 0. 7 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 13 15 17 21

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 1 1 1 2 17 Percentage of international migrants 2. 3 1. 3 1. 5 1. 6 13. 9 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 Annual rate of change -8. 4 7. 2 4. 7 46. 3

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 110 112 16 130 180 Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 8 1. 2 0. 1 0. 8 0. 9

Population Total (thousands) 2 413 2 673 2 951 3 232 3 508 Males (thousands) 1 221 1 350 1 490 1 630 1 768 Females (thousands) 1 191 1 323 1 461 1 601 1 740 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 20. 5 19. 8 18. 2 16. 4 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 19. 8 19. 0 17. 7 15. 8 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 1. 6 2. 2 1. 6 2. 2 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 0. 7 0. 8 0. 5 0. 7 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 5 092 4 990

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 140 5.0 4.0 120 4.5 3.5 3.0 100 4.0 80 2.5 3.5 60 2.0 1.5 40 3.0 Thousands Percentage 1.0

2.5 of change Rate 20 0.5 0 2.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 249 International Migration Report 2009 Papua New Guinea

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 33 31 26 25 25 Males (thousands) 19 19 16 16 15 Females (thousands) 14 13 10 10 9 Percentage of female migrants 42. 6 40. 1 37. 8 37. 6 37. 4 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.8 0.7 0.5 0. 4 0. 4 Annual rate of change -1. 1 -4. 1 -0. 0 -0. 8 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -2. 9 -2. 9 -2. 9 -2. 9 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -0 -5 1 -0

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 7 9 6 9 10 Percentage of international migrants 22. 4 28. 9 24. 6 34. 6 41. 1 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 Annual rate of change 3. 9 -7. 3 6. 8 2. 7

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 5 16 7 13 13 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 2 0. 3 0. 2 0. 3 0. 2

Population Total (thousands) 4 131 4 709 5 388 6 118 6 888 Males (thousands) 2 139 2 418 2 747 3 112 3 500 Females (thousands) 1 992 2 292 2 641 3 006 3 388 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 26. 2 26. 9 25. 4 23. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 26. 2 26. 9 25. 4 23. 7 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) — — — — Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population — — — — Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 12 871 12 871

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 35 3.0 0.0 30 2.5 -1.0 25 2.0 20 -2.0 1.5 15 -3.0 10 1.0 Thousands Percentage -4.0 5 0.5 of change Rate 0 0.0 -5.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

250 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Paraguay

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 183 183 175 168 161 Males (thousands) 96 96 91 87 83 Females (thousands) 87 87 84 81 78 Percentage of female migrants 47. 5 47. 7 47. 9 48. 1 48. 3 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 4.3 3.8 3.3 2. 8 2. 5 Annual rate of change -0. 0 -0. 8 -0. 8 -0. 8 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 0 -0. 8 -0. 8 -0. 8 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 4 -3 -4 -3

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0 Percentage of international migrants 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change 0. 7 -22. 0 16. 7 5. 6

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 34 287 278 269 484 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 7 3. 6 3. 9 3. 6 4. 0

Population Total (thousands) 4 250 4 802 5 350 5 904 6 460 Males (thousands) 2 148 2 428 2 707 2 985 3 260 Females (thousands) 2 102 2 374 2 643 2 919 3 200 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 24. 4 21. 6 19. 7 18. 0 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 25. 7 23. 3 21. 3 19. 3 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -6. 1 -8. 6 -8. 9 -8. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 4 -1. 8 -1. 7 -1. 4 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 9 867 10 242

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 185 5.0 0.0 180 4.5 -0.2 175 4.0 170 -0.4 3.5 165 -0.6 160 3.0 Thousands Percentage -0.8 155 2.5 of change Rate 150 2.0 -1.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 251 International Migration Report 2009 Peru

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 56 51 46 42 38 Males (thousands) 28 25 22 20 18 Females (thousands) 28 26 24 22 20 Percentage of female migrants 49. 9 51. 2 52. 4 52. 4 52. 4 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.3 0.2 0.2 0. 1 0. 1 Annual rate of change -2. 0 -2. 0 -2. 0 -2. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -2. 0 -2. 0 -2. 1 -2. 1 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -4 -4 -3 -3

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1 Percentage of international migrants 1. 3 1. 3 1. 5 1. 9 2. 5 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change -2. 2 1. 8 3. 0 3. 3

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 87 599 718 1 440 2 131 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 3 1. 1 1. 3 1. 8 2. 0

Population Total (thousands) 21 776 23 943 26 004 27 836 29 496 Males (thousands) 10 931 12 018 13 047 13 958 14 782 Females (thousands) 10 846 11 926 12 957 13 878 14 715 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 19. 0 16. 5 13. 6 11. 6 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 21. 6 19. 3 17. 5 15. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -60. 0 -70. 0 -105. 0 -125. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -2. 8 -2. 9 -4. 0 -4. 5 Percentage of total population 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 39 776 41 940

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 60 2.0 -1.9 50 1.5 -2.0 40 1.0 -2.0 30 0.5 20 0.0 -2.1 Thousands Percentage -2.1

10 -0.5 of change Rate

0 -1.0 -2.2 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

252 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Philippines

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 159 210 323 375 435 Males (thousands) 84 109 164 187 213 Females (thousands) 75 101 159 188 223 Percentage of female migrants 47. 2 48. 2 49. 1 50. 1 51. 1 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.3 0.3 0.4 0. 4 0. 5 Annual rate of change 5. 5 8. 6 3. 0 3. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 8. 6 8. 6 3. 0 3. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 55 117 58 67

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 23 1 0 0 0 Percentage of international migrants 14. 6 0. 3 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change -69. 3 -28. 7 -10. 6 0. 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 1 465 5 360 6 212 13 566 16 302 Percentage of gross domestic product 3. 3 7. 2 8. 2 13. 7 11. 3

Population Total (thousands) 62 427 69 965 77 689 85 496 93 617 Males (thousands) 31 485 35 274 39 161 43 081 47 149 Females (thousands) 30 942 34 691 38 528 42 415 46 467 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 22. 8 20. 9 19. 2 18. 1 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 25. 5 23. 4 21. 3 20. 1 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -180. 0 -180. 0 -180. 0 -180. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -2. 9 -2. 6 -2. 3 -2. 1 Percentage of total population 1. 2 1. 2 1. 3 1. 3 1. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 146 156 156 003

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 500 3.0 10.0 2.5 400 8.0 2.0 300 6.0 1.5 200 1.0 4.0 Thousands Percentage 100 2.0

0.5 of change Rate

0 0.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 253 International Migration Report 2009 Pitcairn

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0 Males (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0 Females (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0 Percentage of female migrants 33. 3 33. 3 33. 3 33. 3 33. 3 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 9.2 9.8 10.3 12. 0 12. 0 Annual rate of change — — — — Annual rate of change excluding refugees - - - - Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 - 0 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0 Males (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0 Females (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -12. 7 -10. 1 -29. 7 - Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 6. 3 10. 1 -3. 7 - Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 0 -0. 0 -0. 0 — Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -18. 5 -19. 7 -24. 1 — Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 0 0

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 0 13.0 1.0 0 12.5 0.8 0 12.0 11.5 0 0.6 11.0 0 10.5 0.4 0 Thousands 10.0 Percentage 0.2 0 9.5 of change Rate 0 9.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

254 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Poland

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 1 128 964 823 825 827 Males (thousands) 482 404 337 338 339 Females (thousands) 646 560 486 487 488 Percentage of female migrants 57. 2 58. 1 59. 0 59. 0 59. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 7 0. 6 0. 5 0. 4 0. 4 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.0 2.5 2.1 2. 2 2. 2 Annual rate of change -3. 1 -3. 1 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -3. 2 -3. 2 -0. 0 -0. 1 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -122 -106 31 32

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 0 1 4 8 Percentage of international migrants — 0. 1 0. 1 0. 4 1. 0 Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 Annual rate of change — 13. 6 25. 8 16. 9

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 724 1 726 6 482 10 496 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 5 1. 0 2. 1 2. 5

Population Total (thousands) 38 111 38 595 38 433 38 198 38 038 Males (thousands) 18 574 18 782 18 638 18 467 18 338 Females (thousands) 19 537 19 813 19 794 19 732 19 700 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 2. 5 -0. 8 -1. 2 -0. 8 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 2. 9 0. 7 -0. 2 -0. 2 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -15. 5 -60. 0 -40. 0 -24. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 4 -1. 6 -1. 0 -0. 6 Percentage of total population 0. 7 0. 7 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 32 013 32 067

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 1,200 4.0 0.5 1,000 3.5 0.0 -0.5 800 3.0 -1.0 600 2.5 -1.5 400 2.0 -2.0 Thousands Percentage -2.5

200 1.5 of change Rate -3.0 0 1.0 -3.5 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 255 International Migration Report 2009 Portugal

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 436 528 635 764 919 Males (thousands) 208 256 312 377 456 Females (thousands) 227 272 323 386 462 Percentage of female migrants 52. 2 51. 6 50. 8 50. 6 50. 3 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 3 0. 3 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 4.4 5.3 6.2 7. 2 8. 6 Annual rate of change 3. 8 3. 7 3. 7 3. 7 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 9 3. 7 3. 7 3. 7 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 108 127 152 184

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 1 0 0 0 0 Percentage of international migrants 0. 2 0. 0 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change -22. 5 9. 9 -1. 9 -1. 5

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 4 479 3 953 3 406 3 101 3 941 Percentage of gross domestic product 5. 9 3. 5 3. 0 1. 7 1. 8

Population Total (thousands) 9 979 10 038 10 226 10 547 10 732 Males (thousands) 4 811 4 836 4 935 5 103 5 197 Females (thousands) 5 169 5 202 5 291 5 444 5 535 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 1. 2 3. 7 6. 2 3. 5 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 1. 2 0. 8 0. 6 -0. 3 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 1 29. 9 58. 2 40. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 0 3. 0 5. 7 3. 8 Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 10 015 9 122

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 1,000 9.0 3.9 800 8.0 3.9

600 7.0 3.8 3.8 400 6.0 3.7 Thousands 200 5.0 Percentage

Rate of change Rate 3.7 0 4.0 3.6 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

256 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Puerto Rico

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 322 339 355 352 324 Males (thousands) 153 160 166 167 153 Females (thousands) 169 179 189 186 171 Percentage of female migrants 52. 4 52. 8 53. 2 52. 7 52. 7 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 9.1 9.1 9.3 9. 0 8. 1 Annual rate of change 1. 0 1. 0 -0. 1 -1. 7 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 0 1. 0 -0. 1 -1. 7 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 26 27 7 -18

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 3 528 3 701 3 819 3 913 3 998 Males (thousands) 1 708 1 786 1 839 1 879 1 917 Females (thousands) 1 819 1 915 1 980 2 034 2 081 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 9. 6 6. 3 4. 9 4. 3 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 9. 8 7. 6 6. 3 5. 4 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 8 -5. 0 -5. 4 -4. 3 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 2 -1. 3 -1. 4 -1. 1 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 4 103 4 302

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 360 10.0 1.5 350 9.5 1.0 340 9.0 0.5 0.0 330 8.5 -0.5 320 8.0 Thousands Percentage -1.0

310 7.5 of change Rate -1.5 300 7.0 -2.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 257 International Migration Report 2009 Qatar

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 370 406 471 713 1 305 Males (thousands) 274 301 349 529 969 Females (thousands) 95 105 121 184 337 Percentage of female migrants 25. 8 25. 8 25. 8 25. 8 25. 8 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 2 0. 3 0. 4 0. 6 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 79.1 77.2 76.3 80. 5 86. 5 Annual rate of change 1. 9 3. 0 8. 3 12. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 9 3. 0 8. 3 12. 1 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 41 70 247 598

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — — 0 0 0 Percentage of international migrants — — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Percentage of total refugee population — — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change — — 17. 7 —

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 467 526 617 885 1 508 Males (thousands) 313 346 400 648 1 138 Females (thousands) 154 179 216 238 371 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 23. 5 32. 0 72. 3 106. 5 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 17. 8 16. 8 13. 2 10. 2 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 2. 8 8. 6 43. 8 112. 4 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 6. 0 16. 4 71. 1 127. 0 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 2 316 1 666

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 1,400 14.0 86.0 1,200 12.0 1,000 84.0 10.0 800 82.0 8.0 600 80.0 6.0 400 Thousands Percentage 4.0 78.0 200 of change Rate 2.0 0 76.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

258 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Republic of Korea

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 572 584 568 551 535 Males (thousands) 307 310 284 268 253 Females (thousands) 265 275 285 283 282 Percentage of female migrants 46. 3 47. 0 50. 1 51. 4 52. 7 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 4 0. 4 0. 3 0. 3 0. 2 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.3 1.3 1.2 1. 2 1. 1 Annual rate of change 0. 4 -0. 6 -0. 6 -0. 6 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 4 -0. 6 -0. 6 -0. 6 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 24 -4 -6 -5

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0 Percentage of international migrants 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change -86. 8 16. 9 41. 9 12. 6

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 1 037 1 080 735 848 1 128 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 4 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Population Total (thousands) 42 983 44 651 46 429 47 566 48 501 Males (thousands) 21 529 22 364 23 121 23 561 24 016 Females (thousands) 21 454 22 287 23 308 24 006 24 485 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 7. 6 7. 8 4. 8 3. 9 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 10. 5 8. 1 5. 1 4. 0 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -125. 4 -13. 1 -13. 1 -6. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -2. 9 -0. 3 -0. 3 -0. 1 Percentage of total population 0. 8 0. 8 0. 8 0. 7 0. 7

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 44 077 44 362

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 590 3.0 0.6 580 2.5 0.4 570 0.2 560 2.0 0.0 550 1.5 -0.2 540 1.0 Thousands 530 Percentage -0.4

0.5 of change Rate 520 -0.6 510 0.0 -0.8 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 259 International Migration Report 2009 Republic of Moldova

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 579 473 474 440 408 Males (thousands) 254 208 209 193 179 Females (thousands) 324 265 266 247 229 Percentage of female migrants 56. 0 56. 0 56. 0 56. 0 56. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 4 0. 3 0. 3 0. 2 0. 2 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 13.3 10.9 11.6 11. 7 11. 4 Annual rate of change -4. 0 0. 1 -1. 5 -1. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -4. 0 0. 1 -1. 5 -1. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -82 22 -12 -11

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — — 0 0 0 Percentage of international migrants — — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Percentage of total refugee population — — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change — — 12. 5 15. 7

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 1 179 920 1 498 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 1 13. 9 30. 8 34. 1

Population Total (thousands) 4 364 4 339 4 100 3 759 3 576 Males (thousands) 2 080 2 073 1 959 1 789 1 698 Females (thousands) 2 284 2 266 2 142 1 971 1 878 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -1. 2 -11. 3 -17. 4 -10. 0 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 4. 4 0. 7 -1. 1 -0. 7 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -24. 2 -50. 5 -64. 0 -34. 3 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -5. 5 -11. 6 -15. 6 -9. 1 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 2 734 3 266

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 700 14.0 1.0 13.5 600 0.0 500 13.0 12.5 -1.0 400 12.0 300 -2.0 11.5 200 -3.0 Thousands 11.0 Percentage

100 10.5 of change Rate -4.0 0 10.0 -5.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

260 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Réunion

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 58 79 106 143 175 Males (thousands) 31 41 55 73 87 Females (thousands) 27 37 51 70 88 Percentage of female migrants 46. 4 47. 3 48. 2 49. 2 50. 2 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 9.6 11.8 14.7 18. 3 20. 9 Annual rate of change 6. 0 6. 0 6. 0 4. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 6. 0 6. 0 6. 0 4. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 22 29 39 35

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 604 664 724 784 837 Males (thousands) 296 325 354 383 408 Females (thousands) 308 339 370 401 429 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 18. 9 17. 3 16. 0 13. 1 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 16. 2 14. 9 14. 7 13. 1 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 1. 7 1. 7 1. 0 — Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 2. 8 2. 6 1. 4 — Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 1 096 1 096

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 200 21.0 7.0 19.0 6.0 150 17.0 5.0 4.0 100 15.0 3.0 13.0 Thousands 50 Percentage 2.0

11.0 of change Rate 1.0 0 9.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 261 International Migration Report 2009 Romania

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 143 135 134 133 133 Males (thousands) 62 61 63 64 65 Females (thousands) 81 74 71 70 68 Percentage of female migrants 56. 5 55. 1 52. 9 52. 1 51. 3 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.6 0.6 0.6 0. 6 0. 6 Annual rate of change -1. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 1 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -2 5 5 5

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 1 1 2 2 Percentage of international migrants — 0. 5 1. 1 1. 4 1. 3 Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change — 15. 3 4. 6 -1. 5

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 9 96 4 733 8 539 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 0 0. 3 4. 8 5. 3

Population Total (thousands) 23 207 22 681 22 138 21 635 21 190 Males (thousands) 11 449 11 124 10 815 10 539 10 297 Females (thousands) 11 758 11 557 11 323 11 095 10 893 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -4. 6 -4. 8 -4. 6 -4. 2 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 0. 0 -1. 7 -2. 1 -2. 3 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -105. 8 -70. 0 -54. 0 -40. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -4. 6 -3. 1 -2. 4 -1. 8 Percentage of total population 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 3 0. 3

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 17 279 17 438

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 144 3.0 0.0 142 2.5 -0.2 140 138 2.0 -0.4 136 -0.6 1.5 134 -0.8 132 1.0 Thousands 130 Percentage -1.0

0.5 of change Rate 128 -1.2 126 0.0 -1.4 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

262 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Russian Federation

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 11 525 11 707 11 892 12 080 12 270 Males (thousands) 5 020 5 051 5 045 5 101 5 181 Females (thousands) 6 505 6 656 6 847 6 979 7 089 Percentage of female migrants 56. 4 56. 9 57. 6 57. 8 57. 8 Percentage of total migrant stock 7. 4 7. 1 6. 7 6. 2 5. 7 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 7.8 7.9 8.1 8. 4 8. 7 Annual rate of change 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 3 0. 2 0. 4 0. 3 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 742 799 877 854

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — — 53 2 2 Percentage of international migrants — — 0. 4 0. 0 0. 0 Percentage of total refugee population — — 0. 3 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change — — -69. 0 -1. 8

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 2 503 1 275 3 012 4 713 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 6 0. 5 0. 4 0. 4

Population Total (thousands) 148 065 148 497 146 670 143 170 140 367 Males (thousands) 69 303 69 599 68 541 66 400 64 820 Females (thousands) 78 762 78 898 78 129 76 770 75 547 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 0. 6 -2. 5 -4. 8 -4. 0 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population -2. 4 -5. 5 -6. 2 -4. 3 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 443. 9 441. 6 192. 9 50. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 3. 0 3. 0 1. 3 0. 3 Percentage of total population 2. 8 2. 6 2. 4 2. 2 2. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 116 097 113 483

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 12,400 10.0 0.5 12,200 9.5 0.4 12,000 9.0 11,800 0.3 8.5 11,600 0.2 11,400 8.0 Thousands Percentage 0.1 11,200 7.5 of change Rate 11,000 7.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 263 International Migration Report 2009 Rwanda

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 73 337 391 436 465 Males (thousands) 34 156 181 201 215 Females (thousands) 39 182 211 235 251 Percentage of female migrants 53. 9 53. 9 53. 9 53. 9 53. 9 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.0 6.2 4.9 4. 8 4. 5 Annual rate of change 30. 6 3. 0 2. 1 1. 3 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 38. 0 1. 7 1. 5 1. 3 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 275 81 68 53

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 23 7 31 48 51 Percentage of international migrants 32. 2 2. 0 8. 0 10. 9 11. 0 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 1 0. 0 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3 Annual rate of change -24. 5 30. 3 8. 4 1. 5

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 3 21 7 21 51 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 1 1. 6 0. 4 0. 9 1. 5

Population Total (thousands) 7 150 5 440 7 958 8 992 10 277 Males (thousands) 3 459 2 608 3 824 4 342 4 981 Females (thousands) 3 691 2 833 4 134 4 651 5 296 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -54. 7 76. 1 24. 4 26. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population -0. 9 18. 1 24. 3 26. 4 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -336. 2 382. 3 1. 2 3. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -47. 0 70. 3 0. 1 0. 3 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 22 082 22 082

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 500 7.0 40.0 6.0 35.0 400 5.0 30.0 300 4.0 25.0 20.0 200 3.0 15.0 2.0 Thousands 100 Percentage 10.0 1.0 of change Rate 5.0 0 0.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

264 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Saint Helena

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0 Males (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0 Females (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0 Percentage of female migrants 42. 0 44. 7 46. 9 48. 1 49. 4 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 6.9 7.5 8.0 8. 8 9. 7 Annual rate of change 0. 6 0. 6 0. 5 0. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 6 0. 6 0. 5 0. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 0 0 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 6 5 5 5 4 Males (thousands) 3 3 3 2 2 Females (thousands) 3 3 3 2 2 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -10. 3 -7. 7 -14. 4 -13. 5 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 15. 6 15. 5 10. 1 8. 4 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -25. 3 -22. 8 -23. 7 -21. 2 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 5 5

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 0 10.0 0.6 0 9.5 0.6 0 9.0 0.6 0 8.5 0.5 0 8.0 0.5 0 7.5 0.5 Thousands 0 7.0 Percentage 0.5 0 6.5 of change Rate 0.5 0 6.0 0.5 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 265 International Migration Report 2009 Saint Kitts and Nevis

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 3 4 4 5 5 Males (thousands) 2 2 2 2 3 Females (thousands) 2 2 2 2 2 Percentage of female migrants 48. 4 47. 7 47. 0 46. 3 46. 3 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 8.0 8.4 8.8 9. 2 9. 6 Annual rate of change 2. 2 2. 2 2. 2 2. 2 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 2 2. 2 2. 2 2. 2 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 1 1 1

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 19 2 4 34 37 Percentage of gross domestic product 11. 9 0. 9 1. 2 7. 7 7. 1

Population Total (thousands) 41 43 46 49 52 Males (thousands) 20 21 23 24 26 Females (thousands) 21 22 23 25 26 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 11. 4 13. 3 13. 0 12. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 11. 4 13. 3 13. 0 12. 7 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) — — — — Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population — — — — Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 69 69

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 6 10.0 2.2 5 9.5 2.2 4 9.0 2.2 2.2 3 8.5 2.2 2 8.0 Thousands Percentage 2.2

1 7.5 of change Rate 2.2 0 7.0 2.2 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

266 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Saint Lucia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 5 6 7 9 10 Males (thousands) 3 3 4 4 5 Females (thousands) 3 3 4 4 5 Percentage of female migrants 50. 7 51. 0 51. 3 51. 3 51. 3 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.9 4.3 4.7 5. 3 5. 9 Annual rate of change 3. 4 3. 2 3. 2 3. 2 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 4 3. 2 3. 2 3. 2 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 1 1 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 16 2 3 29 31 Percentage of gross domestic product 3. 8 0. 4 0. 4 3. 4 3. 2

Population Total (thousands) 138 147 157 165 174 Males (thousands) 68 72 77 81 85 Females (thousands) 70 75 80 84 89 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 12. 4 13. 1 10. 0 10. 3 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 18. 1 14. 1 11. 0 11. 5 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 8 -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -5. 9 -1. 1 -1. 0 -1. 2 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 217 226

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 12 6.0 3.4 10 5.5 3.4 8 5.0 3.3 6 4.5 3.3 4 4.0 3.2 Thousands Percentage

2 3.5 of change Rate 3.2 0 3.0 3.1 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 267 International Migration Report 2009 Saint Pierre and Miquelon

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1 Males (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1 Females (thousands) 1 1 1 1 0 Percentage of female migrants 49. 1 48. 3 47. 6 47. 3 47. 2 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 17.7 21.2 22.9 18. 4 16. 9 Annual rate of change 3. 7 1. 4 -4. 8 -2. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 7 1. 4 -4. 8 -2. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 0 -0 -0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 6 6 6 6 6 Males (thousands) 3 3 3 3 3 Females (thousands) 3 3 3 3 3 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 0. 7 -0. 9 -4. 2 -3. 4 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 17. 4 16. 4 14. 5 12. 2 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -16. 7 -17. 3 -18. 5 -15. 5 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 6 8

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 2 23.0 6.0 1 22.0 4.0 1 21.0 1 2.0 20.0 1 19.0 0.0 1 18.0 -2.0 Thousands 0 Percentage

0 17.0 of change Rate -4.0 0 16.0 -6.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

268 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 4 5 6 7 9 Males (thousands) 2 3 3 4 4 Females (thousands) 2 3 3 4 4 Percentage of female migrants 51. 4 51. 6 51. 7 51. 8 51. 9 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.7 5.1 5.9 6. 8 7. 9 Annual rate of change 6. 3 3. 0 3. 0 3. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 6. 3 3. 0 3. 0 3. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 2 1 1 1

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 16 2 3 26 31 Percentage of gross domestic product 8. 1 0. 8 0. 9 6. 0 5. 4

Population Total (thousands) 107 108 108 109 109 Males (thousands) 53 54 54 55 55 Females (thousands) 54 54 54 54 54 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 1. 2 -0. 4 1. 6 1. 0 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 16. 6 13. 8 10. 8 10. 2 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -1. 7 -1. 5 -1. 0 -1. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -15. 5 -14. 1 -9. 3 -9. 2 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 119 139

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 10 8.0 7.0 8 7.0 6.0 5.0 6 6.0 4.0 4 5.0 3.0 Thousands Percentage 2.0 2 4.0 Rate of change Rate 1.0 0 3.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 269 International Migration Report 2009 Samoa

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 3 5 6 7 9 Males (thousands) 2 2 3 4 5 Females (thousands) 1 2 3 3 4 Percentage of female migrants 45. 6 45. 3 45. 1 44. 9 44. 7 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.0 2.7 3.2 4. 0 5. 0 Annual rate of change 7. 0 4. 5 4. 5 4. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 7. 0 4. 5 4. 5 4. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 1 2 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 43 41 45 110 120 Percentage of gross domestic product 38. 4 20. 5 19. 4 25. 9 23. 3

Population Total (thousands) 161 168 177 179 179 Males (thousands) 85 88 92 93 93 Females (thousands) 77 81 85 86 86 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 8. 4 9. 6 2. 7 -0. 0 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 24. 2 25. 9 23. 5 18. 4 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -2. 6 -2. 8 -3. 7 -3. 3 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -16. 1 -16. 7 -21. 0 -18. 4 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 192 331

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 10 6.0 8.0 7.0 8 5.0 6.0 6 4.0 5.0 4.0 4 3.0 3.0 Thousands 2 2.0 Percentage 2.0 Rate of change Rate 1.0 0 1.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

270 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 San Marino

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 9 9 9 11 12 Males (thousands) 4 4 4 5 5 Females (thousands) 5 5 5 6 6 Percentage of female migrants 53. 5 53. 5 53. 5 53. 5 53. 5 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 36.2 34.9 34.1 37. 7 37. 0 Annual rate of change 0. 5 0. 5 4. 3 0. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 5 0. 5 4. 3 0. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 0 2 1

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 24 26 27 30 32 Males (thousands) 12 13 13 15 16 Females (thousands) 12 13 14 15 16 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 12. 4 9. 5 23. 1 8. 4 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 4. 3 1. 9 2. 1 1. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 2 0. 2 0. 6 0. 2 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 8. 3 7. 8 22. 3 6. 6 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 33 27

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 14 38.0 5.0 12 37.0 4.0 10 8 36.0 3.0 6 35.0 2.0 4 Thousands Percentage 34.0 1.0 2 of change Rate 0 33.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 271 International Migration Report 2009 Sao Tome and Principe

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 6 6 6 5 5 Males (thousands) 3 3 3 3 3 Females (thousands) 3 3 3 3 3 Percentage of female migrants 47. 5 47. 7 47. 8 47. 9 48. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 5.0 4.4 3.9 3. 5 3. 2 Annual rate of change -0. 5 -0. 5 -0. 5 -0. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 5 -0. 5 -0. 5 -0. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 0 0 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. .. 1 2 2 Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. 1. 3 1. 3 1. 4

Population Total (thousands) 116 128 140 153 165 Males (thousands) 58 63 69 76 82 Females (thousands) 59 64 71 77 83 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 19. 4 18. 2 17. 1 16. 1 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 27. 6 27. 2 26. 6 24. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -1. 0 -1. 2 -1. 4 -1. 4 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -8. 6 -9. 4 -10. 0 -9. 2 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 296 323

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 6 6.0 -0.5 6 5.5 -0.5 5.0 -0.5 6 4.5 -0.5 5 4.0 -0.5 5 3.5 Thousands 3.0 Percentage -0.5

5 of change Rate 2.5 -0.5 5 2.0 -0.5 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

272 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Saudi Arabia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 4 743 4 611 5 136 6 337 7 289 Males (thousands) 3 324 3 248 3 434 4 428 5 093 Females (thousands) 1 419 1 362 1 703 1 909 2 196 Percentage of female migrants 29. 9 29. 5 33. 2 30. 1 30. 1 Percentage of total migrant stock 3. 0 2. 8 2. 9 3. 2 3. 4 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 29.2 25.3 24.7 26. 8 27. 8 Annual rate of change -0. 6 2. 2 4. 2 2. 8 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 6 2. 2 3. 4 2. 9 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -51 597 1 275 1 042

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 16 5 241 241 Percentage of international migrants — 0. 3 0. 1 3. 8 3. 3 Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 1 0. 0 1. 7 1. 5 Annual rate of change - -21. 0 75. 8 0. 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 16 259 18 255 20 808 23 613 26 246 Males (thousands) 9 029 10 190 11 520 13 046 14 355 Females (thousands) 7 230 8 064 9 288 10 567 11 891 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 23. 2 26. 2 25. 3 21. 1 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 28. 9 25. 4 22. 7 19. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -100. 0 14. 0 57. 0 30. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -6. 2 0. 8 2. 7 1. 3 Percentage of total population 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 4 0. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 43 658 41 061

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 8,000 30.0 5.0 7,000 29.0 4.0 6,000 5,000 28.0 3.0 4,000 27.0 2.0 3,000 26.0 1.0 Thousands 2,000 Percentage

1,000 25.0 of change Rate 0.0 0 24.0 -1.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 273 International Migration Report 2009 Senegal

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 269 291 231 220 210 Males (thousands) 139 143 113 108 103 Females (thousands) 130 148 118 112 107 Percentage of female migrants 48. 3 50. 8 50. 9 51. 0 51. 2 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.6 3.4 2.3 2. 0 1. 6 Annual rate of change 1. 6 -4. 6 -1. 0 -0. 9 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 7 -1. 0 -1. 0 -1. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 35 -46 -1 -1

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 56 70 21 21 21 Percentage of international migrants 20. 7 24. 0 9. 2 9. 4 9. 8 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 3 0. 4 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Annual rate of change 4. 5 -23. 9 -0. 4 -0. 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 142 146 233 789 1 192 Percentage of gross domestic product 2. 3 3. 0 5. 0 9. 1 10. 6

Population Total (thousands) 7 538 8 660 9 902 11 281 12 861 Males (thousands) 3 781 4 324 4 927 5 600 6 375 Females (thousands) 3 756 4 336 4 974 5 681 6 486 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 27. 8 26. 8 26. 1 26. 2 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 30. 2 28. 9 27. 9 27. 8 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -20. 0 -20. 0 -20. 0 -20. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -2. 7 -2. 3 -2. 0 -1. 8 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 26 102 27 115

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 350 4.0 2.0 300 3.5 1.0 250 3.0 0.0 200 -1.0 2.5 150 -2.0 100 2.0 Thousands Percentage -3.0

1.5 of change Rate 50 -4.0 0 1.0 -5.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

274 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Serbia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 99 874 857 675 525 Males (thousands) 47 399 380 296 228 Females (thousands) 53 474 477 379 298 Percentage of female migrants 52. 9 54. 3 55. 7 56. 1 56. 7 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 5 0. 5 0. 3 0. 2 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.0 8.1 7.9 6. 8 5. 3 Annual rate of change 43. 5 -0. 4 -4. 8 -5. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 23. 8 2. 4 4. 8 -1. 6 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 778 17 -147 -120

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 1 551 493 212 98 Percentage of international migrants 0. 9 63. 0 57. 5 31. 5 18. 7 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 3. 0 3. 1 1. 5 0. 6 Annual rate of change 127. 5 -2. 2 -16. 8 -15. 4

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. .. 1 132 4 650 5 577 Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. 12. 5 17. 8 13. 9

Population Total (thousands) 10 156 10 828 10 795 9 856 9 856 Males (thousands) 5 044 5 375 5 356 4 874 4 877 Females (thousands) 5 112 5 453 5 438 4 982 4 979 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 12. 8 -0. 6 -18. 2 -0. 0 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 3. 7 1. 5 1. 2 - Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 90. 1 -29. 6 -67. 7 — Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 8. 9 -2. 7 -6. 3 — Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 9 193 9 193

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 1,000 50.0 8.0 800 40.0 6.0 600 30.0 20.0 400 4.0 10.0 Thousands 200 2.0 Percentage

Rate of change Rate 0.0 0 0.0 -10.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 275 International Migration Report 2009 Seychelles

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 4 4 7 8 11 Males (thousands) 2 3 4 5 6 Females (thousands) 2 2 3 4 5 Percentage of female migrants 40. 8 40. 7 41. 6 42. 5 42. 5 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 5.2 5.6 8.1 10. 2 12. 8 Annual rate of change 2. 8 8. 6 5. 0 5. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 8 8. 6 5. 0 5. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 2 2 3

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 8 1 .. 12 11 Percentage of gross domestic product 2. 2 0. 2 .. 1. 7 1. 6

Population Total (thousands) 72 76 81 83 85 Males (thousands) 36 38 41 42 43 Females (thousands) 36 38 40 41 42 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 10. 0 13. 9 3. 7 4. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 13. 7 11. 0 10. 4 9. 5 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 3 0. 2 -0. 6 -0. 4 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -3. 8 3. 0 -6. 8 -4. 8 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 97 100

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 12 10.0 12.0 10 8.0 8 10.0 6.0 6 8.0 4 4.0 Thousands Percentage 6.0 2.0

2 of change Rate

0 4.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

276 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Sierra Leone

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 154 101 97 152 107 Males (thousands) 89 57 54 83 58 Females (thousands) 65 44 43 69 49 Percentage of female migrants 42. 1 43. 2 44. 4 45. 7 45. 7 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.8 2.5 2.3 3. 0 1. 8 Annual rate of change -8. 5 -0. 9 9. 1 -7. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -39 4 62 -36

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 63 10 7 63 18 Percentage of international migrants 40. 7 10. 2 6. 8 41. 2 16. 9 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 3 0. 1 0. 0 0. 5 0. 1 Annual rate of change -36. 2 -9. 0 45. 2 -24. 9

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 24 7 2 148 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 1. 9 0. 8 0. 2 7. 7

Population Total (thousands) 4 084 3 989 4 228 5 107 5 836 Males (thousands) 1 985 1 933 2 048 2 481 2 844 Females (thousands) 2 099 2 056 2 181 2 626 2 992 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -4. 7 11. 7 37. 8 26. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 17. 6 19. 0 23. 3 24. 4 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -90. 0 -30. 0 67. 2 12. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -22. 0 -7. 5 15. 9 2. 3 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 12 446 12 771

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 200 4.0 10.0 3.5 150 5.0 3.0 100 2.5 0.0 2.0 Thousands 50 Percentage -5.0

1.5 of change Rate

0 1.0 -10.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 277 International Migration Report 2009 Singapore

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 727 992 1 352 1 494 1 967 Males (thousands) 343 455 602 661 865 Females (thousands) 384 537 750 833 1 102 Percentage of female migrants 52. 8 54. 1 55. 5 55. 8 56. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 5 0. 6 0. 8 0. 8 0. 9 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 24.1 28.5 33.6 35. 0 40. 7 Annual rate of change 6. 2 6. 2 2. 0 5. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 6. 2 6. 2 2. 0 5. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 277 378 166 501

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0 Percentage of international migrants 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change -32. 4 -82. 5 13. 9 22. 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 3 016 3 480 4 018 4 267 4 837 Males (thousands) 1 518 1 752 2 023 2 147 2 429 Females (thousands) 1 499 1 728 1 995 2 120 2 408 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 28. 6 28. 8 12. 0 25. 1 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 13. 2 9. 1 5. 3 3. 1 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 50. 0 73. 6 27. 8 100. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 16. 6 21. 1 6. 9 23. 4 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 5 221 4 279

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 2,500 7.0 2,000 38.0 6.0 5.0 1,500 33.0 4.0 1,000 3.0

Thousands 28.0 Percentage 2.0 500 Rate of change Rate 1.0 0 23.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

278 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Slovakia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 41 114 118 124 131 Males (thousands) 18 50 52 55 58 Females (thousands) 23 64 66 70 73 Percentage of female migrants 56. 0 56. 0 56. 0 56. 0 56. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.8 2.1 2.2 2. 3 2. 4 Annual rate of change 20. 2 0. 9 1. 0 1. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 20. 0 1. 0 1. 0 1. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 74 9 10 11

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 1 0 0 0 Percentage of international migrants — 1. 1 0. 4 0. 3 0. 2 Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change — -20. 4 -2. 9 -7. 8

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 26 18 946 1 483 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 1 0. 1 2. 0 2. 0

Population Total (thousands) 5 256 5 352 5 379 5 386 5 412 Males (thousands) 2 570 2 606 2 613 2 614 2 625 Females (thousands) 2 686 2 745 2 766 2 772 2 787 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 3. 6 1. 0 0. 3 1. 0 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 3. 7 1. 0 -0. 1 0. 2 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 6 0. 0 2. 0 4. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 1 0. 0 0. 4 0. 7 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 4 917 4 720

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 140 3.0 25.0 120 2.5 20.0 100 2.0 80 15.0 1.5 60 10.0 40 1.0 Thousands Percentage 5.0 20 0.5 of change Rate 0 0.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 279 International Migration Report 2009 Slovenia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 178 200 174 167 164 Males (thousands) 89 103 92 89 88 Females (thousands) 89 97 82 78 76 Percentage of female migrants 50. 0 48. 5 47. 0 46. 8 46. 6 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 9.2 10.2 8.8 8. 4 8. 1 Annual rate of change 2. 3 -2. 8 -0. 8 -0. 4 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 4 -0. 4 -0. 4 -0. 4 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 29 -19 -1 2

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 26 4 0 0 Percentage of international migrants — 12. 9 2. 1 0. 2 0. 2 Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change — -39. 3 -51. 2 -1. 4

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 272 205 264 284 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 1. 3 1. 0 0. 8 0. 6

Population Total (thousands) 1 927 1 966 1 985 2 001 2 025 Males (thousands) 933 956 967 976 989 Females (thousands) 993 1 010 1 018 1 025 1 036 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 4. 1 1. 9 1. 6 2. 4 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 0. 2 -0. 5 -0. 7 0. 2 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 7. 5 4. 8 4. 5 4. 4 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 3. 9 2. 5 2. 3 2. 2 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 1 954 1 733

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 250 11.0 3.0 10.5 200 2.0 10.0 1.0 150 9.5 0.0 9.0 100 8.5 -1.0 Thousands 8.0 Percentage -2.0 50 7.5 of change Rate -3.0 0 7.0 -4.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

280 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Solomon Islands

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 5 5 6 6 7 Males (thousands) 3 3 3 4 4 Females (thousands) 2 2 3 3 3 Percentage of female migrants 44. 5 44. 3 44. 1 44. 0 43. 9 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.5 1.5 1.4 1. 4 1. 3 Annual rate of change 2. 5 2. 5 1. 5 1. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 7 6. 7 1. 5 1. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 1 1 1

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 1 — — — Percentage of international migrants — 18. 9 — — — Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 — — — Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. .. 2 7 20 Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. 0. 6 1. 9 4. 2

Population Total (thousands) 314 362 416 474 536 Males (thousands) 163 187 215 245 277 Females (thousands) 151 174 200 228 258 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 28. 6 27. 7 26. 2 24. 6 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 28. 6 27. 6 26. 2 24. 5 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) — — — — Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population — — — — Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 1 007 1 007

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 8 4.0 8.0 7 3.5 6.0 6 5 3.0 4.0 4 2.5 2.0 3 2.0 0.0 Thousands 2 Percentage

1 1.5 of change Rate -2.0 0 1.0 -4.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 281 International Migration Report 2009 Somalia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 633 19 20 21 23 Males (thousands) 333 10 11 11 12 Females (thousands) 300 9 9 10 10 Percentage of female migrants 47. 4 47. 3 47. 1 46. 5 45. 9 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 4 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 9.6 0.3 0.3 0. 3 0. 2 Annual rate of change -70. 5 1. 3 1. 4 1. 4 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 2 1. 5 1. 3 1. 1 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -567 2 3 3

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 615 1 0 0 1 Percentage of international migrants 97. 1 2. 7 1. 7 2. 0 3. 4 Percentage of total refugee population 3. 3 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change -142. 0 -7. 8 4. 2 12. 3

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 6 596 6 521 7 394 8 354 9 359 Males (thousands) 3 262 3 226 3 660 4 139 4 642 Females (thousands) 3 333 3 295 3 734 4 215 4 717 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -2. 3 25. 1 24. 4 22. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 24. 9 28. 0 29. 5 28. 3 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -178. 7 -20. 0 -40. 0 -50. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -27. 1 -3. 1 -5. 4 -6. 0 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 23 522 23 837

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 700 10.0 10.0 600 0.0 8.0 500 -10.0 6.0 -20.0 400 -30.0 300 4.0 -40.0 200 -50.0 Thousands 2.0 Percentage -60.0

100 of change Rate -70.0 0 0.0 -80.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

282 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 South Africa

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 1 224 1 098 1 022 1 249 1 863 Males (thousands) 767 671 612 732 1 068 Females (thousands) 457 427 410 517 795 Percentage of female migrants 37. 3 38. 9 40. 1 41. 4 42. 7 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 8 0. 7 0. 6 0. 6 0. 9 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.3 2.7 2.3 2. 6 3. 7 Annual rate of change -2. 2 -1. 4 4. 0 8. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -4. 0 0. 1 3. 8 8. 1 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -87 -34 278 684

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 97 15 29 36 Percentage of international migrants — 8. 8 1. 4 2. 3 1. 9 Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 5 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2 Annual rate of change — -37. 5 13. 2 4. 5

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 136 105 344 658 834 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 1 0. 1 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3

Population Total (thousands) 36 745 41 375 44 872 48 073 50 492 Males (thousands) 18 182 20 382 22 059 23 661 24 903 Females (thousands) 18 563 20 993 22 813 24 413 25 590 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 23. 7 16. 2 13. 8 9. 8 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 19. 1 15. 3 10. 8 7. 0 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 180. 0 39. 9 140. 0 140. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 4. 9 1. 0 3. 1 2. 9 Percentage of total population 0. 7 0. 7 0. 7 0. 7 0. 7

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 56 802 57 254

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 2,000 5.0 10.0 4.5 8.0 1,500 6.0 4.0 4.0 1,000 3.5 2.0 3.0 0.0 Thousands 500 Percentage -2.0

2.5 of change Rate -4.0 0 2.0 -6.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 283 International Migration Report 2009 Spain

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 830 1 041 1 753 4 608 6 378 Males (thousands) 397 504 875 2 411 3 321 Females (thousands) 433 537 878 2 197 3 056 Percentage of female migrants 52. 2 51. 6 50. 1 47. 7 47. 9 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 5 0. 6 1. 0 2. 4 3. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.1 2.6 4.4 10. 7 14. 1 Annual rate of change 4. 5 10. 4 19. 3 6. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 4. 6 10. 4 19. 4 6. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 238 746 2 913 1 919

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 8 6 7 6 5 Percentage of international migrants 1. 0 0. 5 0. 4 0. 1 0. 1 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change -8. 3 4. 0 -4. 3 -1. 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 2 186 3 235 4 517 7 961 10 739 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 4 0. 5 0. 8 0. 7 0. 7

Population Total (thousands) 38 839 39 391 40 264 43 060 45 317 Males (thousands) 19 026 19 290 19 718 21 186 22 360 Females (thousands) 19 813 20 101 20 546 21 874 22 956 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 2. 8 4. 4 13. 4 10. 2 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 1. 2 0. 4 1. 4 2. 3 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 64. 7 158. 5 500. 8 350. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 1. 7 4. 0 12. 4 8. 1 Percentage of total population 0. 7 0. 7 0. 7 0. 7 0. 7

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 51 260 42 719

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 7,000 15.0 25.0 6,000 13.0 20.0 5,000 11.0 4,000 9.0 15.0 3,000 7.0 10.0 2,000 5.0 Thousands Percentage 5.0 1,000 3.0 of change Rate 0 1.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

284 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Sri Lanka

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 459 426 395 366 340 Males (thousands) 231 214 198 184 171 Females (thousands) 228 212 197 182 169 Percentage of female migrants 49. 8 49. 8 49. 8 49. 8 49. 8 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 3 0. 3 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.7 2.3 2.1 1. 9 1. 7 Annual rate of change -1. 5 -1. 5 -1. 5 -1. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 5 -1. 5 -1. 5 -1. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -22 -19 -19 -18

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 0 0 0 0 Percentage of international migrants — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change — 4. 7 30. 0 14. 1

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 401 809 1 166 1 991 2 527 Percentage of gross domestic product 4. 9 6. 1 7. 0 8. 2 7. 8

Population Total (thousands) 17 290 18 233 18 767 19 531 20 410 Males (thousands) 8 726 9 156 9 353 9 655 10 042 Females (thousands) 8 565 9 077 9 414 9 876 10 368 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 10. 6 5. 8 8. 0 8. 8 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 13. 5 10. 1 12. 6 11. 8 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -51. 2 -80. 0 -88. 4 -60. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -3. 0 -4. 4 -4. 7 -3. 1 Percentage of total population 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 21 705 25 149

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 500 4.0 -1.5 3.5 400 -1.5 3.0 300 -1.5 2.5 200 2.0 -1.5 Thousands Percentage 100 -1.5

1.5 of change Rate

0 1.0 -1.5 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 285 International Migration Report 2009 Sudan

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 1 273 1 111 854 640 753 Males (thousands) 655 572 441 331 390 Females (thousands) 619 539 413 309 363 Percentage of female migrants 48. 6 48. 5 48. 4 48. 3 48. 2 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 8 0. 7 0. 5 0. 3 0. 4 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 4.7 3.6 2.4 1. 7 1. 7 Annual rate of change -2. 7 -5. 3 -5. 8 3. 3 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 9 1. 9 1. 9 1. 9 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -100 -208 -179 138

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 899 701 403 144 209 Percentage of international migrants 70. 6 63. 1 47. 2 22. 6 27. 8 Percentage of total refugee population 4. 9 3. 8 2. 6 1. 0 1. 3 Annual rate of change -5. 0 -11. 1 -20. 5 7. 4

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 62 346 641 1 016 1 769 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 4 3. 1 4. 9 3. 1 3. 2

Population Total (thousands) 27 091 30 841 34 904 38 698 43 192 Males (thousands) 13 612 15 509 17 562 19 479 21 750 Females (thousands) 13 480 15 333 17 342 19 219 21 442 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 25. 9 24. 7 20. 6 22. 0 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 27. 1 26. 1 23. 5 21. 3 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -33. 7 -45. 4 -106. 4 27. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 2 -1. 5 -3. 0 0. 7 Percentage of total population 0. 5 0. 5 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 75 884 75 950

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 1,400 5.0 4.0 4.5 1,200 2.0 1,000 4.0 3.5 0.0 800 3.0 600 -2.0 2.5 400 -4.0 Thousands 2.0 Percentage

200 1.5 of change Rate -6.0 0 1.0 -8.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

286 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Suriname

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 18 22 28 34 39 Males (thousands) 10 12 15 18 22 Females (thousands) 8 10 13 15 18 Percentage of female migrants 46. 2 46. 0 45. 8 45. 6 45. 4 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 4.4 5.1 5.9 6. 8 7. 5 Annual rate of change 4. 2 4. 2 4. 2 3. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 4. 2 4. 2 4. 2 3. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 5 6 7 6

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 0 — — 0 Percentage of international migrants — 0. 1 — — 0. 0 Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 — — 0. 0 Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 1 .. .. 4 140 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 2 .. .. 0. 3 6. 8

Population Total (thousands) 407 436 467 500 524 Males (thousands) 207 221 236 251 263 Females (thousands) 200 215 231 249 262 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 13. 8 13. 9 13. 5 9. 6 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 15. 4 16. 4 13. 5 11. 6 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 7 -1. 1 -0. 0 -1. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 7 -2. 6 -0. 0 -2. 0 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 619 679

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 50 8.0 5.0 7.5 40 7.0 4.0 30 6.5 3.0 6.0 20 5.5 2.0 Thousands 5.0 Percentage 10 1.0 4.5 of change Rate 0 4.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 287 International Migration Report 2009 Swaziland

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 71 35 37 39 40 Males (thousands) 38 19 19 20 21 Females (thousands) 33 16 17 18 19 Percentage of female migrants 46. 5 46. 8 47. 1 47. 4 47. 7 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 8.3 3.6 3.4 3. 4 3. 4 Annual rate of change -14. 2 0. 9 1. 0 0. 9 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 9 0. 9 0. 9 0. 9 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -34 3 4 4

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 38 1 1 1 1 Percentage of international migrants 53. 9 1. 9 1. 8 1. 9 1. 9 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change -80. 8 -0. 8 2. 3 1. 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 113 83 74 95 100 Percentage of gross domestic product 13. 0 6. 1 5. 3 3. 7 3. 5

Population Total (thousands) 864 969 1 080 1 124 1 202 Males (thousands) 407 465 520 546 588 Females (thousands) 457 504 559 578 613 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 22. 9 21. 6 8. 1 13. 3 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 31. 2 23. 9 16. 5 14. 4 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -7. 6 -2. 4 -9. 2 -1. 2 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -8. 8 -2. 5 -8. 5 -1. 1 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 1 749 1 792

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 80 9.0 5.0 70 8.0 60 0.0 50 7.0 40 6.0 -5.0 30 5.0 Thousands 20 Percentage -10.0

10 4.0 of change Rate 0 3.0 -15.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

288 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Sweden

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 778 906 993 1 113 1 306 Males (thousands) 377 437 475 532 624 Females (thousands) 400 468 517 581 682 Percentage of female migrants 51. 5 51. 7 52. 1 52. 2 52. 2 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 5 0. 5 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 9.1 10.3 11.2 12. 3 14. 1 Annual rate of change 3. 0 1. 8 2. 3 3. 2 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 6 3. 3 4. 4 3. 4 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 159 123 158 234

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 125 200 158 74 77 Percentage of international migrants 16. 0 22. 1 16. 0 6. 7 5. 9 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 7 1. 1 1. 0 0. 5 0. 5 Annual rate of change 9. 4 -4. 7 -15. 2 0. 9

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 153 288 510 612 775 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 1 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Population Total (thousands) 8 559 8 827 8 860 9 066 9 293 Males (thousands) 4 228 4 361 4 379 4 492 4 614 Females (thousands) 4 331 4 466 4 482 4 575 4 679 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 6. 2 0. 8 4. 6 4. 9 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 2. 7 -0. 4 0. 4 1. 7 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 30. 2 9. 8 37. 2 30. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 3. 5 1. 1 4. 2 3. 3 Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 10 571 9 105

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 1,400 15.0 5.0 1,200 14.0 4.0 1,000 13.0 800 12.0 3.0 600 11.0 2.0 400 10.0 Thousands Percentage 1.0 200 9.0 of change Rate 0 8.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 289 International Migration Report 2009 Switzerland

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 1 376 1 471 1 563 1 660 1 763 Males (thousands) 692 740 785 834 886 Females (thousands) 685 732 777 825 877 Percentage of female migrants 49. 7 49. 7 49. 7 49. 7 49. 7 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 9 0. 9 0. 9 0. 9 0. 8 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 20.5 20.9 21.8 22. 3 23. 2 Annual rate of change 1. 3 1. 2 1. 2 1. 2 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 8 1. 4 1. 5 1. 2 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 142 140 146 154

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 39 79 70 48 47 Percentage of international migrants 2. 8 5. 4 4. 5 2. 9 2. 7 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 2 0. 4 0. 4 0. 3 0. 3 Annual rate of change 14. 2 -2. 5 -7. 6 -0. 3

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 924 1 473 1 119 1 828 2 035 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 4 0. 5 0. 4 0. 5 0. 5

Population Total (thousands) 6 715 7 038 7 184 7 441 7 595 Males (thousands) 3 277 3 436 3 509 3 641 3 707 Females (thousands) 3 438 3 602 3 675 3 800 3 887 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 9. 4 4. 1 7. 0 4. 1 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 2. 8 2. 2 1. 6 1. 4 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 45. 4 13. 8 40. 0 20. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 6. 8 2. 0 5. 6 2. 7 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 8 514 6 970

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 2,000 24.0 2.0 23.5 1,500 23.0 1.5 22.5 1,000 22.0 1.0 21.5 Thousands 500 21.0 Percentage 0.5

20.5 of change Rate 0 20.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

290 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Syrian Arab Republic

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 690 817 924 1 326 2 206 Males (thousands) 354 418 473 678 1 126 Females (thousands) 336 398 451 648 1 080 Percentage of female migrants 48. 7 48. 8 48. 8 48. 9 49. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 4 0. 5 0. 5 0. 7 1. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 5.4 5.6 5.6 6. 9 9. 8 Annual rate of change 3. 4 2. 5 7. 2 10. 2 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 6 3. 9 1. 5 1. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 77 68 366 840

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 283 376 388 748 1 581 Percentage of international migrants 41. 0 46. 0 42. 0 56. 4 71. 7 Percentage of total refugee population 1. 5 2. 0 2. 5 5. 4 9. 7 Annual rate of change 5. 7 0. 7 13. 1 15. 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 385 339 180 823 824 Percentage of gross domestic product 3. 5 2. 5 0. 9 2. 9 2. 2

Population Total (thousands) 12 721 14 610 16 511 19 121 22 505 Males (thousands) 6 412 7 370 8 333 9 654 11 363 Females (thousands) 6 309 7 241 8 178 9 467 11 142 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 27. 7 24. 5 29. 4 32. 6 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 28. 7 26. 1 25. 9 24. 8 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -14. 0 -26. 0 60. 0 160. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 1 -1. 8 3. 6 8. 4 Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 36 911 38 679

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 2,500 10.0 12.0 2,000 9.0 10.0

1,500 8.0 8.0 6.0 1,000 7.0 4.0 Thousands 500 6.0 Percentage

Rate of change Rate 2.0 0 5.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 291 International Migration Report 2009 Tajikistan

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 426 305 330 306 284 Males (thousands) 186 133 142 132 122 Females (thousands) 239 172 188 175 162 Percentage of female migrants 56. 2 56. 5 56. 9 57. 0 57. 1 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 3 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 8.0 5.3 5.4 4. 7 4. 0 Annual rate of change -6. 7 1. 6 -1. 5 -1. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -6. 7 1. 0 -1. 0 -1. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -106 35 -15 -15

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 1 10 1 1 Percentage of international migrants — 0. 2 3. 0 0. 5 0. 4 Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change — 54. 3 -38. 9 -6. 5

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... 467 1 691 Percentage of gross domestic product ...... 20. 2 45. 2

Population Total (thousands) 5 303 5 775 6 173 6 536 7 075 Males (thousands) 2 634 2 888 3 093 3 237 3 492 Females (thousands) 2 669 2 887 3 079 3 298 3 583 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 17. 1 13. 3 11. 4 15. 9 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 27. 7 24. 5 22. 3 21. 7 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -59. 2 -66. 6 -69. 0 -40. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -11. 2 -11. 5 -11. 2 -6. 1 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 11 111 12 122

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 500 9.0 4.0 400 8.0 2.0 7.0 300 0.0 6.0 -2.0 200 5.0 -4.0 Thousands 100 Percentage

4.0 of change Rate -6.0 0 3.0 -8.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

292 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Thailand

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 387 549 792 982 1 157 Males (thousands) 207 288 408 506 597 Females (thousands) 181 261 383 476 560 Percentage of female migrants 46. 7 47. 5 48. 4 48. 4 48. 4 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 3 0. 4 0. 5 0. 5 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.7 0.9 1.3 1. 5 1. 7 Annual rate of change 7. 0 7. 3 4. 3 3. 3 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 8. 7 8. 7 4. 5 3. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 171 259 215 208

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 100 104 103 119 129 Percentage of international migrants 25. 8 18. 9 13. 0 12. 1 11. 2 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 5 0. 6 0. 7 0. 9 0. 8 Annual rate of change 0. 7 -0. 2 3. 0 1. 7

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 973 1 695 1 697 1 187 1 635 Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 1 1. 0 1. 4 0. 7 0. 7

Population Total (thousands) 56 673 60 140 62 347 65 946 68 139 Males (thousands) 28 221 29 762 30 647 32 461 33 501 Females (thousands) 28 452 30 378 31 700 33 484 34 639 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 11. 9 7. 2 11. 2 6. 5 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 12. 0 8. 7 6. 8 5. 6 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -7. 7 -92. 9 282. 3 60. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 1 -1. 5 4. 5 0. 9 Percentage of total population 1. 1 1. 1 1. 0 1. 0 1. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 73 361 72 435

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 1,400 3.0 10.0 1,200 2.5 8.0 1,000 2.0 800 6.0 1.5 600 4.0 400 1.0 Thousands Percentage 2.0 200 0.5 of change Rate 0 0.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 293 International Migration Report 2009 The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 95 115 126 120 130 Males (thousands) 40 48 52 50 54 Females (thousands) 55 67 73 70 76 Percentage of female migrants 58. 3 58. 3 58. 3 58. 3 58. 3 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 5.0 5.8 6.2 5. 9 6. 3 Annual rate of change 3. 7 1. 9 -0. 9 1. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 22 15 -1 13

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 12 15 1 1 Percentage of international migrants — 10. 5 12. 0 0. 9 1. 0 Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change — 4. 7 -51. 7 2. 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. .. 81 227 345 Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. 2. 3 3. 9 4. 6

Population Total (thousands) 1 909 1 963 2 012 2 035 2 043 Males (thousands) 958 983 1 007 1 017 1 020 Females (thousands) 951 981 1 005 1 018 1 023 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 5. 6 4. 8 2. 3 0. 8 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 8. 4 5. 5 3. 3 1. 8 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -5. 5 -1. 4 -2. 0 -2. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -2. 9 -0. 7 -1. 0 -1. 0 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 1 857 1 915

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 140 7.0 4.0 120 6.5 3.0 100 6.0 2.0 80 5.5 60 1.0 40 5.0 0.0 Thousands Percentage

20 4.5 of change Rate -1.0 0 4.0 -2.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

294 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Timor-Leste

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 9 10 9 12 14 Males (thousands) 4 5 4 6 7 Females (thousands) 5 5 5 6 7 Percentage of female migrants 50. 3 51. 1 51. 8 52. 6 52. 6 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.2 1.1 1.1 1. 2 1. 2 Annual rate of change 1. 5 -0. 8 5. 0 3. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 5 -0. 8 5. 0 3. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 0 3 2

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — — — 0 0 Percentage of international migrants — — — 0. 0 0. 0 Percentage of total refugee population — — — 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change — — — -8. 1

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 740 849 815 992 1 171 Males (thousands) 381 436 416 505 596 Females (thousands) 359 413 399 487 575 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 27. 3 -8. 0 39. 2 33. 3 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 27. 3 32. 9 30. 0 31. 4 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) — -34. 0 8. 2 2. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population — -40. 1 10. 1 2. 0 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 3 217 3 244

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 16 3.0 6.0 14 2.5 5.0 12 4.0 2.0 10 3.0 8 1.5 2.0 6 1.0 1.0 Thousands 4 Percentage 0.0

0.5 of change Rate 2 -1.0 0 0.0 -2.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 295 International Migration Report 2009 Togo

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 163 169 176 183 185 Males (thousands) 80 83 87 91 92 Females (thousands) 83 86 89 92 93 Percentage of female migrants 51. 0 50. 8 50. 6 50. 4 50. 2 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 4.1 3.8 3.4 3. 1 2. 7 Annual rate of change 0. 8 0. 8 0. 7 0. 3 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 2 0. 8 1. 0 1. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 13 13 13 8

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 3 12 12 10 4 Percentage of international migrants 2. 1 6. 9 6. 9 5. 6 2. 1 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 Annual rate of change 24. 4 0. 9 -3. 4 -19. 8

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 27 15 34 193 229 Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 5 1. 0 2. 6 9. 2 9. 0

Population Total (thousands) 3 926 4 432 5 247 5 992 6 780 Males (thousands) 1 940 2 191 2 594 2 964 3 357 Females (thousands) 1 986 2 241 2 653 3 028 3 423 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 24. 3 33. 8 26. 5 24. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 30. 1 28. 4 26. 6 24. 8 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -24. 4 25. 5 -0. 7 -1. 1 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -6. 2 5. 8 -0. 1 -0. 2 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 13 196 13 305

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 190 5.0 1.2 185 4.5 1.0 180 0.8 4.0 175 0.6 170 3.5 0.4 165 3.0 0.2 Thousands 160 Percentage 0.0

2.5 of change Rate 155 -0.2 150 2.0 -0.4 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

296 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Tokelau

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0 Males (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0 Females (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0 Percentage of female migrants 45. 7 47. 3 49. 4 51. 2 52. 9 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 16.7 17.6 16.9 21. 3 21. 5 Annual rate of change -0. 4 -0. 4 -0. 1 0. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 4 -0. 4 -0. 1 0. 1 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 -0 0 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 2 1 2 1 1 Males (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1 Females (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -14. 0 4. 5 -46. 8 -1. 2 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 30. 9 30. 6 21. 0 15. 4 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 1 -0. 0 -0. 1 -0. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -43. 4 -26. 4 -60. 5 -16. 5 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 1 2

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 0 22.0 0.2 21.0 0.1 0 20.0 0.0 -0.1 0 19.0 -0.2 18.0 Thousands 0 Percentage -0.3

17.0 of change Rate -0.4 0 16.0 -0.5 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 297 International Migration Report 2009 Tonga

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 3 2 2 1 1 Males (thousands) 2 1 1 1 0 Females (thousands) 1 1 1 1 0 Percentage of female migrants 48. 7 48. 7 48. 7 48. 7 48. 7 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.2 2.3 1.6 1. 1 0. 8 Annual rate of change -6. 4 -6. 4 -6. 3 -6. 3 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -6. 4 -6. 4 -6. 3 -6. 3 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -1 -1 -0 -0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 24 .. .. 66 100 Percentage of gross domestic product 17. 8 .. .. 30. 3 40. 2

Population Total (thousands) 95 97 99 102 104 Males (thousands) 48 49 50 52 53 Females (thousands) 47 48 49 50 51 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 5. 8 2. 5 6. 6 4. 6 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 23. 8 21. 9 22. 5 22. 1 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -1. 7 -1. 9 -1. 6 -1. 8 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -18. 2 -19. 6 -16. 2 -17. 7 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 123 191

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 4 4.0 -6.3 3 3.5 -6.3 3.0 3 -6.3 2.5 2 -6.3 2.0 2 1.5 -6.3 1 Thousands 1.0 Percentage -6.4

1 0.5 of change Rate -6.4 0 0.0 -6.4 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

298 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Trinidad and Tobago

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 51 46 42 38 34 Males (thousands) 23 21 19 17 16 Females (thousands) 27 25 22 20 19 Percentage of female migrants 53. 6 53. 7 53. 8 53. 9 54. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 4.1 3.6 3.2 2. 9 2. 6 Annual rate of change -1. 9 -1. 9 -1. 9 -1. 9 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 9 -1. 9 -1. 9 -1. 9 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -3 -3 -3 -2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 3 32 38 92 109 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 1 0. 6 0. 5 0. 6 0. 5

Population Total (thousands) 1 219 1 265 1 295 1 318 1 344 Males (thousands) 601 621 633 642 653 Females (thousands) 618 644 662 676 691 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 7. 4 4. 8 3. 6 3. 8 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 11. 2 7. 9 6. 6 6. 8 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -4. 8 -4. 0 -4. 0 -4. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -3. 9 -3. 2 -3. 1 -3. 0 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 1 278 1 476

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 60 5.0 -1.9 50 4.5 -1.9 40 4.0 -1.9 30 3.5 -1.9 20 3.0 -1.9 Thousands Percentage

10 2.5 of change Rate -1.9 0 2.0 -1.9 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 299 International Migration Report 2009 Tunisia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 38 38 36 35 34 Males (thousands) 19 19 18 18 17 Females (thousands) 19 19 18 17 17 Percentage of female migrants 50. 2 49. 7 49. 6 49. 5 49. 3 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.5 0.4 0.4 0. 4 0. 3 Annual rate of change -0. 2 -0. 8 -0. 8 -0. 8 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 2 -0. 9 -0. 6 -0. 8 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 -1 -1 -1

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0 Percentage of international migrants 0. 0 0. 3 1. 2 0. 3 0. 3 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change 39. 7 28. 1 -32. 2 1. 7

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 551 680 796 1 393 1 716 Percentage of gross domestic product 4. 5 3. 8 4. 1 4. 8 4. 9

Population Total (thousands) 8 215 8 935 9 452 9 878 10 374 Males (thousands) 4 152 4 512 4 770 4 973 5 216 Females (thousands) 4 063 4 423 4 682 4 905 5 158 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 16. 8 11. 3 8. 8 9. 8 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 17. 8 12. 5 10. 5 10. 2 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -8. 6 -11. 1 -16. 1 -4. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 1 -1. 2 -1. 7 -0. 4 Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 12 711 12 931

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 39 3.0 0.0 38 2.5 37 -0.2 2.0 36 -0.4 35 1.5 34 1.0 -0.6 Thousands 33 Percentage -0.8 32 0.5 of change Rate 31 0.0 -1.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

300 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Turkey

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 1 150 1 212 1 263 1 334 1 411 Males (thousands) 569 591 607 641 677 Females (thousands) 581 621 656 693 734 Percentage of female migrants 50. 5 51. 2 51. 9 52. 0 52. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 7 0. 7 0. 7 0. 7 0. 7 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.1 2.0 1.9 1. 9 1. 9 Annual rate of change 1. 0 0. 8 1. 1 1. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 3 1. 1 1. 1 1. 1 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 92 79 98 106

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 31 19 3 3 5 Percentage of international migrants 2. 7 1. 6 0. 2 0. 2 0. 3 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 2 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change -9. 6 -37. 1 -1. 7 11. 4

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 3 246 3 327 4 560 851 1 209 Percentage of gross domestic product 2. 2 2. 0 2. 3 0. 2 0. 2

Population Total (thousands) 56 086 61 206 66 460 71 169 75 705 Males (thousands) 28 317 30 862 33 470 35 788 38 016 Females (thousands) 27 769 30 345 32 990 35 381 37 689 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 17. 5 16. 5 13. 7 12. 4 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 17. 7 16. 4 13. 9 12. 5 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -14. 0 2. 9 -14. 2 -8. 9 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 3 0. 0 -0. 2 -0. 1 Percentage of total population 1. 1 1. 1 1. 1 1. 1 1. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 97 389 97 276

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 1,600 4.0 1.4 1,400 3.5 1.2 1,200 1.0 1,000 3.0 0.8 800 2.5 0.6 600 2.0 Thousands 400 Percentage 0.4

1.5 of change Rate 200 0.2 0 1.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 301 International Migration Report 2009 Turkmenistan

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 307 260 241 224 208 Males (thousands) 134 113 104 96 89 Females (thousands) 172 147 137 128 119 Percentage of female migrants 56. 2 56. 5 56. 9 57. 0 57. 1 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 8.4 6.2 5.4 4. 6 4. 0 Annual rate of change -3. 3 -1. 5 -1. 5 -1. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -4. 9 -1. 3 -1. 2 -0. 4 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -37 -11 -11 -10

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 19 16 13 0 Percentage of international migrants — 7. 5 6. 8 5. 6 0. 2 Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 Annual rate of change — -3. 4 -5. 2 -67. 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 3 668 4 187 4 502 4 843 5 177 Males (thousands) 1 809 2 067 2 222 2 390 2 550 Females (thousands) 1 859 2 120 2 279 2 454 2 626 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 26. 5 14. 5 14. 6 13. 3 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 23. 9 16. 8 15. 7 14. 3 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 10. 0 -10. 0 -5. 0 -5. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 2. 7 -2. 4 -1. 1 -1. 0 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 6 796 7 020

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 350 9.0 0.0 300 8.0 -1.0 250 7.0 -2.0 200 6.0 150 -3.0 100 5.0 -4.0 Thousands Percentage

50 4.0 of change Rate -5.0 0 3.0 -6.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

302 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Turks and Caicos Islands

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 5 5 6 6 6 Males (thousands) 3 3 3 3 3 Females (thousands) 2 3 3 3 3 Percentage of female migrants 48. 4 48. 4 48. 5 48. 5 48. 6 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 44.4 35.1 30.0 19. 5 19. 0 Annual rate of change 1. 0 1. 0 1. 0 1. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 0 1. 0 1. 0 1. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 0 0 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 12 15 19 31 33 Males (thousands) 6 8 10 15 17 Females (thousands) 6 8 9 15 16 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 56. 7 41. 6 96. 2 15. 5 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 17. 6 16. 9 17. 5 15. 5 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 5 0. 4 1. 9 — Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 45. 0 27. 4 100. 7 — Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 40 40

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 7 1.0 43.0 6 1.0 5 38.0 1.0 4 33.0 1.0 3 1.0 28.0 1.0 2 Thousands 23.0 Percentage 1.0 1 of change Rate 1.0 0 18.0 1.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 303 International Migration Report 2009 Tuvalu

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0 Males (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0 Females (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0 Percentage of female migrants 43. 7 44. 2 44. 8 45. 4 45. 7 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.6 2.9 2.3 1. 9 1. 5 Annual rate of change -3. 8 -3. 8 -3. 8 -3. 8 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -3. 8 -3. 8 -3. 8 -3. 8 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -0 -0 -0 -0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 9 9 10 10 10 Males (thousands) 4 4 4 5 5 Females (thousands) 5 5 5 5 5 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 7. 1 6. 8 4. 6 4. 2 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 18. 1 17. 5 15. 0 14. 4 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -11. 2 -10. 8 -10. 5 -10. 2 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 11 16

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 0 4.0 -3.7 0 3.5 -3.7 0 3.0 -3.8 0 -3.8 2.5 0 -3.8 0 2.0 Thousands Percentage -3.8

1.5 of change Rate 0 -3.8 0 1.0 -3.9 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

304 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Uganda

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 550 661 628 652 647 Males (thousands) 291 341 316 327 324 Females (thousands) 260 321 312 326 323 Percentage of female migrants 47. 2 48. 5 49. 7 49. 9 49. 9 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 3 0. 3 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.1 3.2 2.6 2. 3 1. 9 Annual rate of change 3. 7 -1. 0 0. 7 -0. 2 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 4 -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 146 9 59 25

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 138 258 227 254 250 Percentage of international migrants 25. 0 39. 0 36. 2 38. 9 38. 7 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 7 1. 4 1. 5 1. 8 1. 5 Annual rate of change 12. 5 -2. 5 2. 2 -0. 3

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. .. 238 322 452 Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. 4. 2 3. 5 3. 6

Population Total (thousands) 17 731 20 954 24 433 28 699 33 796 Males (thousands) 8 825 10 430 12 184 14 351 16 932 Females (thousands) 8 906 10 524 12 249 14 348 16 864 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 33. 4 30. 7 32. 2 32. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 32. 1 31. 1 32. 2 33. 5 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 24. 0 -9. 1 -1. 0 -27. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 1. 4 -0. 4 -0. 0 -0. 9 Percentage of total population 0. 3 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 5

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 91 271 93 232

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 700 4.0 4.0 600 3.5 3.0 500 3.0 2.0 400 2.5 300 1.0 200 2.0 0.0 Thousands Percentage

100 1.5 of change Rate -1.0 0 1.0 -2.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 305 International Migration Report 2009 Ukraine

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 6 893 6 172 5 527 5 391 5 258 Males (thousands) 2 954 2 645 2 368 2 310 2 253 Females (thousands) 3 939 3 528 3 159 3 081 3 005 Percentage of female migrants 57. 2 57. 2 57. 2 57. 2 57. 2 Percentage of total migrant stock 4. 4 3. 7 3. 1 2. 8 2. 5 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 13.4 12.1 11.3 11. 5 11. 6 Annual rate of change -2. 2 -2. 2 -0. 5 -0. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -2. 2 -2. 2 -0. 5 -0. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -372 -303 181 182

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 5 3 2 7 Percentage of international migrants — 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 0. 1 Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change — -12. 2 -3. 2 22. 2

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. .. 33 595 4 503 Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. 0. 1 0. 7 3. 2

Population Total (thousands) 51 583 51 063 48 870 46 936 45 433 Males (thousands) 23 856 23 681 22 633 21 677 20 944 Females (thousands) 27 726 27 383 26 237 25 260 24 489 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -2. 0 -8. 8 -8. 1 -6. 5 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population -2. 4 -6. 6 -7. 4 -6. 2 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 20. 1 -109. 4 -34. 6 -16. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 0. 4 -2. 1 -0. 7 -0. 3 Percentage of total population 1. 0 0. 9 0. 8 0. 7 0. 7

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 35 026 35 829

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 8,000 14.0 0.0 7,000 13.5 6,000 -0.5 13.0 5,000 -1.0 4,000 12.5 3,000 12.0 -1.5 Thousands 2,000 Percentage -2.0 1,000 11.5 of change Rate 0 11.0 -2.5 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

306 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 United Arab Emirates

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 1 330 1 716 2 286 2 863 3 293 Males (thousands) 891 1 209 1 646 2 070 2 389 Females (thousands) 440 507 640 793 904 Percentage of female migrants 33. 1 29. 5 28. 0 27. 7 27. 4 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 9 1. 0 1. 3 1. 5 1. 5 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 71.3 70.6 70.6 70. 0 70. 0 Annual rate of change 5. 1 5. 7 4. 5 2. 8 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 5. 1 5. 7 4. 5 2. 8 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 401 585 595 452

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 0 0 1 0 0 Percentage of international migrants 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change 48. 4 6. 0 -32. 5 9. 3

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 1 867 2 432 3 238 4 089 4 707 Males (thousands) 1 222 1 607 2 186 2 782 3 157 Females (thousands) 645 825 1 052 1 307 1 550 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 52. 8 57. 3 46. 7 28. 2 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 20. 9 16. 5 15. 0 12. 5 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 68. 0 114. 4 115. 4 68. 6 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 36. 4 47. 0 35. 6 16. 8 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 8 253 5 631

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 3,500 72.0 7.0 3,000 71.5 6.0 2,500 71.0 5.0 2,000 4.0 70.5 1,500 3.0 1,000 70.0 Thousands Percentage 2.0

69.5 of change Rate 500 1.0 0 69.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 307 International Migration Report 2009 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 3 716 4 191 4 790 5 838 6 452 Males (thousands) 1 789 1 995 2 256 2 731 2 998 Females (thousands) 1 927 2 196 2 534 3 107 3 454 Percentage of female migrants 51. 9 52. 4 52. 9 53. 2 53. 5 Percentage of total migrant stock 2. 4 2. 5 2. 7 3. 0 3. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 6.5 7.2 8.1 9. 7 10. 4 Annual rate of change 2. 4 2. 7 4. 0 2. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 2 2. 4 3. 6 2. 1 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 625 767 1 230 828

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 45 88 168 301 301 Percentage of international migrants 1. 2 2. 1 3. 5 5. 2 4. 7 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 2 0. 5 1. 1 2. 2 1. 8 Annual rate of change 13. 5 12. 9 11. 7 -0. 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 2 099 2 469 3 614 6 302 8 234 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3

Population Total (thousands) 57 237 58 042 58 907 60 261 61 899 Males (thousands) 27 819 28 213 28 692 29 480 30 388 Females (thousands) 29 419 29 829 30 215 30 781 31 512 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 2. 8 3. 0 4. 5 5. 4 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 2. 2 1. 3 1. 4 2. 3 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 33. 5 98. 7 189. 5 189. 5 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 0. 6 1. 7 3. 2 3. 1 Percentage of total population 1. 1 1. 0 1. 0 0. 9 0. 9

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 72 365 61 713

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 7,000 11.0 5.0 6,000 10.0 4.0 5,000 4,000 9.0 3.0 3,000 8.0 2.0 2,000 Thousands Percentage 7.0 1.0 1,000 of change Rate 0 6.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

308 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 United Republic of Tanzania

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 576 1 134 900 798 659 Males (thousands) 291 571 451 398 327 Females (thousands) 285 563 449 400 332 Percentage of female migrants 49. 4 49. 7 49. 9 50. 2 50. 4 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 4 0. 7 0. 5 0. 4 0. 3 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.3 3.8 2.6 2. 0 1. 5 Annual rate of change 13. 6 -4. 6 -2. 4 -3. 8 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -2. 2 -2. 2 -2. 2 -2. 2 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 590 -173 -58 -105

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 265 856 652 575 460 Percentage of international migrants 46. 0 75. 5 72. 4 72. 1 69. 9 Percentage of total refugee population 1. 4 4. 6 4. 2 4. 2 2. 8 Annual rate of change 23. 4 -5. 5 -2. 5 -4. 5

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) .. 1 8 18 14 Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Population Total (thousands) 25 455 29 972 34 131 39 007 45 040 Males (thousands) 12 601 14 847 16 932 19 406 22 466 Females (thousands) 12 854 15 125 17 199 19 601 22 574 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 32. 7 26. 0 26. 7 28. 8 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 28. 3 27. 2 28. 6 30. 1 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 118. 3 -41. 2 -69. 0 -60. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 4. 6 -1. 4 -2. 0 -1. 5 Percentage of total population 0. 5 0. 5 0. 6 0. 6 0. 7

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 109 450 111 309

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 1,200 4.0 15.0 1,000 3.5 10.0 800 3.0 5.0 600 2.5 400 2.0 0.0 Thousands Percentage -5.0

200 1.5 of change Rate

0 1.0 -10.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 309 International Migration Report 2009 United States of America

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 23 251 28 522 34 814 39 266 42 813 Males (thousands) 11 373 14 069 17 311 19 583 21 507 Females (thousands) 11 878 14 453 17 503 19 683 21 306 Percentage of female migrants 51. 1 50. 7 50. 3 50. 1 49. 8 Percentage of total migrant stock 15. 0 17. 2 19. 5 20. 1 20. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 9.1 10.5 12.1 13. 0 13. 5 Annual rate of change 4. 1 4. 0 2. 4 1. 7 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 4. 0 4. 1 2. 5 1. 7 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 6 018 7 125 5 478 4 688

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 438 627 515 400 562 Percentage of international migrants 1. 9 2. 2 1. 5 1. 0 1. 3 Percentage of total refugee population 2. 4 3. 4 3. 3 2. 9 3. 4 Annual rate of change 7. 2 -4. 0 -5. 0 6. 8

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 1 170 2 179 2 835 2 890 2 972 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Population Total (thousands) 254 865 270 648 287 842 302 741 317 641 Males (thousands) 125 002 132 830 141 583 149 149 156 794 Females (thousands) 129 863 137 818 146 259 153 591 160 847 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 12. 0 12. 3 10. 1 9. 6 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 7. 0 6. 6 6. 2 6. 4 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 1313. 0 1596. 0 1135. 2 1010. 4 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 5. 2 5. 9 3. 9 3. 3 Percentage of total population 4. 8 4. 7 4. 7 4. 6 4. 6

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 403 932 344 720

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 50,000 14.0 5.0 13.0 40,000 4.0 12.0 30,000 3.0 11.0 20,000 10.0 2.0 Thousands Percentage 10,000 1.0

9.0 of change Rate

0 8.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

310 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 United States Virgin Islands

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 52 54 57 59 62 Males (thousands) 25 26 27 28 29 Females (thousands) 27 29 30 31 33 Percentage of female migrants 52. 2 52. 5 52. 8 53. 0 53. 3 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 50.4 50.8 52.3 54. 0 56. 5 Annual rate of change 0. 9 0. 9 0. 9 0. 9 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 9 0. 9 0. 9 0. 9 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 3 3 4 4

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 103 107 109 110 109 Males (thousands) 50 51 52 52 52 Females (thousands) 53 56 57 58 58 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 7. 2 2. 8 2. 1 -0. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 18. 2 12. 3 8. 7 6. 6 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -1. 2 -1. 0 -0. 7 -0. 8 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -11. 2 -9. 5 -6. 7 -7. 3 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 75 119

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 64 57.0 0.9 62 56.0 60 0.9 55.0 58 0.9 56 54.0 54 53.0 0.9 52 52.0 0.9 Thousands 50 Percentage 48 51.0 of change Rate 0.9 46 50.0 0.9 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 311 International Migration Report 2009 Uruguay

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 98 93 89 84 80 Males (thousands) 46 43 41 39 37 Females (thousands) 53 50 48 45 43 Percentage of female migrants 53. 5 53. 7 54. 0 54. 0 54. 0 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.2 2.9 2.7 2. 5 2. 4 Annual rate of change -1. 0 -1. 0 -1. 0 -1. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 0 -1. 0 -1. 0 -1. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -1 -1 -1 -1

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0 Percentage of international migrants 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 2 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change 4. 3 -7. 9 5. 5 4. 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... 77 96 Percentage of gross domestic product ...... 0. 5 0. 4

Population Total (thousands) 3 110 3 224 3 321 3 325 3 372 Males (thousands) 1 508 1 562 1 607 1 605 1 628 Females (thousands) 1 602 1 662 1 714 1 720 1 745 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 7. 2 5. 9 0. 3 2. 8 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 8. 5 7. 5 6. 5 5. 8 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -4. 0 -5. 2 -20. 8 -10. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 3 -1. 6 -6. 3 -3. 0 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 3 637 3 814

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 120 5.0 -1.0 100 4.5 -1.0 80 4.0 -1.0 60 3.5 -1.0 40 3.0 -1.0 Thousands Percentage

20 2.5 of change Rate -1.0 0 2.0 -1.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

312 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Uzbekistan

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 1 653 1 474 1 367 1 268 1 176 Males (thousands) 724 642 589 545 505 Females (thousands) 929 832 778 723 671 Percentage of female migrants 56. 2 56. 5 56. 9 57. 0 57. 1 Percentage of total migrant stock 1. 1 0. 9 0. 8 0. 6 0. 5 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 8.1 6.4 5.5 4. 8 4. 2 Annual rate of change -2. 3 -1. 5 -1. 5 -1. 5 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -2. 4 -1. 7 -1. 9 -0. 8 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -135 -71 -67 -62

Refugeesb Total (thousands) — 5 20 44 1 Percentage of international migrants — 0. 4 1. 4 3. 5 0. 1 Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 1 0. 3 0. 0 Annual rate of change — 26. 2 16. 2 -71. 6

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 20 515 22 919 24 776 26 320 27 794 Males (thousands) 10 141 11 370 12 316 13 086 13 815 Females (thousands) 10 374 11 550 12 459 13 233 13 979 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 22. 2 15. 6 12. 1 10. 9 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 25. 3 18. 9 15. 2 13. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -68. 1 -80. 0 -80. 0 -80. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -3. 3 -3. 5 -3. 2 -3. 0 Percentage of total population 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 36 439 38 685

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 2,000 9.0 0.0 8.0 1,500 -0.5 7.0 -1.0 1,000 6.0 -1.5 Thousands 500 Percentage 5.0 -2.0 Rate of change Rate

0 4.0 -2.5 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 313 International Migration Report 2009 Vanuatu

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 2 2 1 1 1 Males (thousands) 1 1 1 1 0 Females (thousands) 1 1 1 0 0 Percentage of female migrants 45. 2 45. 7 46. 3 46. 5 46. 8 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.4 1.0 0.7 0. 5 0. 3 Annual rate of change -4. 9 -4. 9 -4. 9 -4. 9 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -4. 9 -4. 9 -4. 9 -4. 9 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -0 -0 -0 -0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 8 13 35 5 6 Percentage of gross domestic product 5. 2 5. 3 14. 3 1. 4 1. 2

Population Total (thousands) 149 172 190 216 246 Males (thousands) 77 88 97 111 125 Females (thousands) 72 84 93 106 120 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 28. 4 19. 4 26. 3 25. 4 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 29. 4 27. 2 26. 3 25. 4 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 2 -1. 4 — — Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 2 -8. 3 — — Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 482 482

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 3 3.0 -4.8 2.5 -4.9 2 -4.9 2.0 2 -4.9 1.5 -4.9 1 -4.9 1.0 -4.9 Thousands 1 Percentage -4.9

0.5 of change Rate -4.9 0 0.0 -4.9 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

314 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 1 024 1 019 1 015 1 011 1 007 Males (thousands) 517 513 510 506 503 Females (thousands) 506 506 506 505 504 Percentage of female migrants 49. 5 49. 6 49. 8 49. 9 50. 1 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 7 0. 6 0. 6 0. 5 0. 5 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 5.2 4.6 4.2 3. 8 3. 5 Annual rate of change -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 1 -0. 0 -0. 1 -4. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 14 15 15 15

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 2 2 0 0 201 Percentage of international migrants 0. 2 0. 2 0. 0 0. 0 19. 9 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 1. 2 Annual rate of change -0. 4 -49. 4 14. 2 128. 5

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 1 2 17 148 136 Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1

Population Total (thousands) 19 741 22 092 24 408 26 726 29 044 Males (thousands) 9 958 11 133 12 284 13 432 14 576 Females (thousands) 9 782 10 960 12 124 13 294 14 468 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 22. 5 19. 9 18. 1 16. 6 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 22. 1 19. 6 17. 8 16. 3 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 8. 0 8. 0 8. 0 8. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 0. 4 0. 4 0. 3 0. 3 Percentage of total population 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 42 042 41 611

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 1,030 6.0 0.0 1,025 5.5 -1.0 1,020 5.0 1,015 -2.0 4.5 1,010 -3.0 1,005 4.0 Thousands Percentage -4.0 1,000 3.5 of change Rate 995 3.0 -5.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 315 International Migration Report 2009 Viet Nam

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 29 39 56 55 69 Males (thousands) 16 23 36 35 44 Females (thousands) 13 16 21 20 25 Percentage of female migrants 45. 0 40. 6 36. 6 36. 6 36. 6 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.0 0.1 0.1 0. 1 0. 1 Annual rate of change 5. 6 7. 3 -0. 6 4. 8 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 19. 3 15. 0 5. 0 5. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 10 18 -0 16

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 22 20 15 2 2 Percentage of international migrants 75. 1 50. 7 27. 6 4. 3 3. 4 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 Annual rate of change -2. 3 -4. 8 -37. 6 —

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... 4 000 5 500 Percentage of gross domestic product ...... 7. 6 7. 7

Population Total (thousands) 66 247 72 957 78 663 84 074 89 029 Males (thousands) 32 055 35 515 38 532 41 348 44 011 Females (thousands) 34 192 37 442 40 131 42 726 45 018 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 19. 3 15. 1 13. 3 11. 5 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 21. 7 15. 6 13. 8 11. 9 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -168. 1 -40. 0 -40. 0 -40. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -2. 5 -0. 5 -0. 5 -0. 5 Percentage of total population 1. 3 1. 3 1. 3 1. 3 1. 3

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 111 666 113 667

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 80 2.0 25.0 70 1.5 20.0 60 50 1.0 15.0 40 0.5 10.0 30 0.0 5.0 Thousands 20 Percentage

10 -0.5 of change Rate 0.0 0 -1.0 -5.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

316 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Wallis and Futuna Islands

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 1 2 2 2 3 Males (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1 Females (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1 Percentage of female migrants 48. 3 49. 5 49. 5 49. 5 49. 5 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 9.6 11.8 13.7 15. 9 18. 1 Annual rate of change 4. 8 3. 5 3. 3 3. 3 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 4. 8 3. 5 3. 3 3. 3 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 0 0 0

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 14 14 15 15 15 Males (thousands) 7 7 7 7 8 Females (thousands) 7 7 7 7 8 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 6. 7 4. 9 3. 2 7. 0 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 22. 5 15. 1 13. 3 12. 3 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 2 -0. 1 -0. 2 -0. 1 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -16. 1 -10. 3 -10. 2 -5. 4 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 17 21

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 3 19.0 5.0 3 17.0 4.0 2 15.0 3.0 2 13.0 1 2.0 Thousands Percentage 11.0 1.0

1 of change Rate

0 9.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 317 International Migration Report 2009 Western Sahara

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 3 3 3 4 4 Males (thousands) 1 2 2 2 3 Females (thousands) 1 1 1 2 2 Percentage of female migrants 45. 5 45. 0 44. 1 43. 2 43. 1 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.2 1.1 1.0 0. 9 0. 8 Annual rate of change 1. 8 2. 2 3. 8 2. 1 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 8 2. 2 3. 8 2. 1 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 0 1 1

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... Percentage of gross domestic product ......

Population Total (thousands) 221 259 315 440 530 Males (thousands) 116 135 166 234 280 Females (thousands) 105 124 149 207 250 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 32. 0 39. 3 66. 8 37. 2 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 23. 2 20. 6 18. 6 17. 5 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 2. 1 5. 3 18. 0 9. 5 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 9. 4 20. 6 57. 1 21. 6 Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 938 763

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 5 3.0 4.0 3.5 4 2.5 3.0 2.0 3 2.5 1.5 2.0 2 1.0 1.5 Thousands 1 Percentage 1.0

0.5 of change Rate 0.5 0 0.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

318 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Yemen

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 344 378 414 455 518 Males (thousands) 212 233 255 281 320 Females (thousands) 131 145 158 174 198 Percentage of female migrants 38. 3 38. 3 38. 3 38. 3 38. 3 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.8 2.4 2.3 2. 2 2. 1 Annual rate of change 1. 9 1. 8 1. 9 2. 6 Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 6 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 49 50 55 75

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 42 51 61 74 107 Percentage of international migrants 12. 1 13. 5 14. 6 16. 3 20. 6 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 2 0. 3 0. 4 0. 5 0. 7 Annual rate of change 4. 1 3. 5 4. 1 7. 3

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 1 498 1 080 1 288 1 283 1 322 Percentage of gross domestic product 43. 3 20. 7 13. 4 7. 6 6. 1

Population Total (thousands) 12 314 15 523 18 182 21 024 24 256 Males (thousands) 6 206 7 874 9 213 10 640 12 262 Females (thousands) 6 108 7 649 8 969 10 384 11 994 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 46. 3 31. 6 29. 0 28. 6 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 36. 8 32. 7 30. 0 29. 7 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 130. 0 -20. 0 -20. 0 -27. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 10. 6 -1. 3 -1. 1 -1. 3 Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 53 689 54 846

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 600 4.0 3.0 500 3.5 2.5 400 3.0 2.0 300 2.5 1.5 200 2.0 1.0 Thousands Percentage

100 1.5 of change Rate 0.5 0 1.0 0.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 319 International Migration Report 2009 Zambia

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 280 271 357 287 233 Males (thousands) 144 139 182 145 117 Females (thousands) 136 132 176 142 116 Percentage of female migrants 48. 6 48. 9 49. 1 49. 4 49. 6 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.5 3.0 3.4 2. 4 1. 8 Annual rate of change -0. 7 5. 5 -4. 4 -4. 2 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 0 -1. 0 -1. 0 -1. 0 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 7 105 -44 -36

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 138 136 229 165 117 Percentage of international migrants 49. 2 50. 0 64. 0 57. 4 50. 0 Percentage of total refugee population 0. 7 0. 7 1. 5 1. 2 0. 7 Annual rate of change -0. 3 10. 5 -6. 5 -6. 9

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) ...... 53 59 Percentage of gross domestic product ...... 0. 7 0. 5

Population Total (thousands) 7 910 9 108 10 467 11 738 13 257 Males (thousands) 3 934 4 529 5 204 5 845 6 616 Females (thousands) 3 976 4 579 5 263 5 893 6 641 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 28. 2 27. 8 22. 9 24. 3 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 28. 4 26. 1 24. 4 25. 7 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -2. 2 16. 7 -16. 3 -17. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 3 1. 8 -1. 6 -1. 4 Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 28 957 29 209

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 400 4.0 8.0 350 3.5 6.0 300 4.0 250 3.0 2.0 200 2.5 0.0 150 2.0 Thousands 100 Percentage -2.0

1.5 of change Rate 50 -4.0 0 1.0 -6.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

320 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division International Migration Report 2009 Zimbabwe

Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 / Indicator Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 International migrantsa Total (thousands) 627 433 411 391 372 Males (thousands) 390 269 256 243 232 Females (thousands) 237 163 156 148 141 Percentage of female migrants 37. 8 37. 8 37. 8 37. 8 37. 8 Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 4 0. 3 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 Migrants as a percentage of the total population 6.0 3.7 3.3 3. 1 2. 9 Annual rate of change -7. 4 -1. 0 -1. 0 -1. 0 Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 6 -1. 1 -1. 4 -0. 7 Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -172 3 8 4

Refugeesb Total (thousands) 183 1 3 10 4 Percentage of international migrants 29. 2 0. 3 0. 8 2. 6 1. 0 Percentage of total refugee population 1. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 0 Annual rate of change -98. 1 16. 5 24. 2 -20. 3

Remittancesc (US dollars) Total (millions) 1 ...... Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 0 ......

Population Total (thousands) 10 461 11 713 12 455 12 475 12 644 Males (thousands) 5 201 5 784 6 095 6 049 6 118 Females (thousands) 5 260 5 929 6 361 6 426 6 526 Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 22. 6 12. 3 0. 3 2. 7 Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 26. 0 17. 2 11. 5 13. 8 Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -38. 4 -60. 0 -140. 0 -140. 0 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -3. 7 -5. 1 -11. 2 -11. 2 Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration Total population (thousands) 22 178 21 581

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change 700 6.0 0.0 600 5.5 -1.0 500 5.0 -2.0 4.5 400 -3.0 4.0 300 -4.0 3.5 -5.0 200 Thousands 3.0 Percentage -6.0 100 2.5 of change Rate -7.0 0 2.0 -8.0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

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ANNEX This page is intentionally left blank

I. STATE PARTIES TO INSTRUMENTS RELEVANT TO INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION (AS OF 1 JULY 2009)

1975 ILO Convention concerning Migrations in Abusive Conditions 1949 ILO and the Promotion of 1990 International 2000 Protocol to Convention Equality of Convention on the Prevent, Suppress 2000 Protocol concerning Opportunity and Protection of the and Punish against the Migration for Treatment of Migrant 1951 Convention 1967 Protocol Rights of All Migrant Trafficking in Smuggling of Employment Workers Relating to the Relating to the Workers and Persons, Migrants by (Revised) (Supplementary Status Status of Members of their Especially Women Land, Sea and (No. 97) Provisions) (No. 143) of Refugees Refugees Families and Children Air

World...... 49 23 144 145 41 131 119 Africa...... 10 7 48 48 16 36 33 Eastern Africa...... 6 2 14 13 3 10 10 Burundi...... … … 1963 1971 … … … Comoros ...... … … … … … … … Djibouti ...... … … 1977 1977 … 2005 2005 Eritrea...... … … … … … … … Ethiopia ...... … … 1969 1969 … … … Kenya ...... 1965 1979 1966 1981 … 2005 2005 Madagascar...... 2001 … 1967 … … 2005 2005 Malawi...... 1965 … 1987 1987 … 2005 2005 Mauritius ...... 1969 … … … … 2003 2003 Mayotte ...... ------Mozambique...... … … 1983 1989 … 2006 2006 Réunion ...... ------Rwanda...... … … 1980 1980 2008 2003 2006 Seychelles...... … … 1980 1980 1994 2004 2004 Somalia...... … … 1978 1978 … … … Uganda ...... … 1978 1976 1976 1995 … … United Republic of Tanzania...... 1964 … 1964 1968 … 2006 2006 Zambia...... 1964 … 1969 1969 … 2005 2005 Zimbabwe...... … … 1981 1981 … … …

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I. STATE PARTIES TO UNITED NATIONS LEGAL INSTRUMENTS (AS OF 1 JULY 2009) (continued)

Middle Africa...... 1 1 9 9 — 5 4 Angola...... … … 1981 1981 … … … Cameroon ...... 1962 1978 1961 1967 … 2006 2006 Central African Republic...... … … 1962 1967 … 2006 2006 Chad ...... … … 1981 1981 … … … Congo ...... … … 1962 1970 … … … Democratic Republic of the Congo ...... … … 1965 1975 … 2005 2005 Equatorial Guinea...... … … 1986 1986 … 2003 … Gabon ...... … … 1964 1973 … … … Sao Tome and Principe...... … … 1978 1978 … 2006 2006

Northern Africa ...... 1 — 5 5 4 4 4 Algeria...... 1962 … 1963 1967 2005 2004 2004 Egypt ...... … … 1981 1981 1993 2004 2005 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya ...... … … 2004 2004 2004 Morocco ...... … … 1956 1971 1993 … … Sudan...... … … 1974 1974 … … … Tunisia...... … … 1957 1968 … 2003 2003 Western Sahara...... ------Southern Africa ...... — — 5 5 1 4 4 Botswana ...... … … 1969 1969 … 2002 2002 Lesotho...... … … 1981 1981 2005 2003 2004 Namibia ...... … … 1995 1995 … 2002 2002 South Africa ...... … … 1996 1996 … 2004 2004 Swaziland ...... … … 2000 1969 … … …

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I. STATE PARTIES TO UNITED NATIONS LEGAL INSTRUMENTS (AS OF 1 JULY 2009) (continued)

Western Africa...... 2 4 15 16 8 13 11 Benin ...... … 1980 1962 1970 … 2004 2004 Burkina Faso ...... 1961 1977 1980 1980 2003 2002 2002 Cape Verde...... … … … 1987 1997 2004 2004 Côte d'Ivoire ...... … … 1961 1970 … … … Gambia ...... … … 1966 1967 … 2003 2003 Ghana ...... … … 1963 1968 2000 … … Guinea ...... … 1978 1965 1968 2000 2004 2005 Guinea-Bissau ...... … … 1976 1976 … 2007 … Liberia ...... … … 1964 1980 … 2004 2004 Mali ...... … … 1973 1973 2003 2002 2002 Mauritania ...... … … 1987 1987 2007 2005 2005 Niger...... … … 1961 1970 2009 2004 2009 Nigeria...... 1960 … 1967 1968 … 2001 2001 Saint Helena ...... ------Senegal ...... … … 1963 1967 1999 2003 2003 Sierra Leone ...... … … 1981 1981 … … … Togo ...... … 1983 1962 1969 … 2009 … Asia ...... 7 4 19 19 8 27 21 Central Asia ...... 2 1 4 4 2 5 4 Kazakhstan ...... … … 1999 1999 2008 2008 Kyrgyzstan ...... 2008 … 1996 1996 2003 2003 2003 Tajikistan...... 2007 2007 1993 1993 2002 2002 2002 Turkmenistan...... … … 1998 1998 … 2005 2005 Uzbekistan...... … … … … … 2008 …

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I. STATE PARTIES TO UNITED NATIONS LEGAL INSTRUMENTS (AS OF 1 JULY 2009) (continued)

Eastern Asia ...... — — 3 3 — 1 1 China ...... … … 1982 1982 … … … China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region ..... ------China, Macao Special Administrative Region...... ------Democratic People's Republic of Korea ...... … … … … … … … Japan...... … … 1981 1982 … … … Mongolia ...... … … … … … 2008 2008 Republic of Korea ...... … … 1992 1992 … … … South-Eastern Asia...... 2 1 3 3 2 5 4 Brunei Darussalam ...... … … … … … … … Cambodia ...... … … 1992 1992 … 2007 2005 Indonesia ...... … … … … … … … Lao People's Democratic Republic...... … … … … … 2003 2003 Malaysia ...... 1964 … … … … 2009 … Myanmar ...... … … … … … 2004 2004 Philippines...... 2009 2006 1981 1981 1995 2002 2002 Singapore...... … … … … … … … Thailand...... … … … … … … … Timor-Leste...... … … 2003 2003 2004 … … Viet Nam ...... … … … … … … … Southern Asia...... — — 2 2 1 — — Afghanistan ...... … … 2005 2005 … … … Bangladesh ...... … … … … … … … Bhutan ...... … … … … … … … India...... … … … … … … … Iran (Islamic Republic of)...... … … 1976 1976 … … … Maldives...... … … … … … … … Nepal ...... … … … … … … … Pakistan ...... … … … … … … … Sri Lanka ...... … … … … 1996 … …

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I. STATE PARTIES TO UNITED NATIONS LEGAL INSTRUMENTS (AS OF 1 JULY 2009) (continued)

Western Asia...... 3 2 7 7 3 16 12 Armenia...... 2006 2006 1993 1993 … 2003 2003 Azerbaijan ...... … … 1993 1993 1999 2003 2003 Bahrain ...... … … … … … 2004 2004 Cyprus ...... 1960 1977 1963 1968 … 2003 2003 Georgia...... … … 1999 1999 … 2006 2006 Iraq ...... … … … … … 2009 2009 Israel...... 1953 … 1954 1968 … 2008 … Jordan ...... … … … … … 2009 … Kuwait...... … … … … … 2006 2006 Lebanon...... … … … … … 2005 2005 Occupied Palestinian Territory...... ------Oman...... … … … … … 2005 2005 Qatar...... … … … … … 2009 … Saudi Arabia...... … … … … … 2007 2007 Syrian Arab Republic ...... … … … … 2005 2009 2009 Turkey ...... … … 1962 1968 2004 2003 2003 United Arab Emirates...... … … … … … 2009 … Yemen ...... … … 1980 1980 … … Europe ...... 16 11 42 42 2 37 36 Eastern Europe...... 1 — 10 10 — 9 9 Belarus...... … … 2001 2001 … 2003 2003 Bulgaria ...... … … 1993 1993 … 2001 2001 Czech Republic...... … … 1993 1993 … … Hungary...... … … 1989 1989 … 2006 2006 Poland...... … … 1991 1991 … 2003 2003

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I. STATE PARTIES TO UNITED NATIONS LEGAL INSTRUMENTS (AS OF 1 JULY 2009) (continued)

Republic of Moldova...... 2005 … 2002 2002 … 2005 2006 Romania ...... … … 1991 1991 … 2002 2002 Russian Federation ...... … … 1993 1993 … 2004 2004 Slovakia...... … … 1993 1993 … 2004 2004 Ukraine...... … … 2002 2002 … 2004 2004 Northern Europe ...... 2 2 10 10 — 8 8 Channel Islands ...... ------Denmark...... … … 1952 1968 … 2003 2006 Estonia...... … … 1997 1997 … 2004 2004 Faeroe Islands...... ------Finland...... … … 1968 1968 … 2006 2006 Iceland...... … … 1955 1968 … … … Ireland ...... … … 1956 1968 … … … Isle of Man ...... ------Latvia...... … … 1997 1997 … 2004 2003 Lithuania...... … … 1997 1997 … 2003 2003 Norway...... 1955 1979 1953 1967 … 2003 2003 Sweden ...... … 1982 1954 1967 … 2004 2006 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland...... 1951 … 1954 1968 … 2006 2006 Southern Europe...... 9 9 13 13 2 11 11 Albania ...... 2005 2006 1992 1992 2007 2002 2002 Andorra ...... … … … … … … … Bosnia and Herzegovina...... 1993 1993 1993 1993 1996 2002 2002 Croatia...... … … 1992 1992 … 2003 2003 Gibraltar ...... ------Greece ...... … … 1960 1968 … … … Holy See ...... - - 1956 1967 - - -

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I. STATE PARTIES TO UNITED NATIONS LEGAL INSTRUMENTS (AS OF 1 JULY 2009) (continued)

Italy ...... 1952 1981 1954 1972 … 2006 2006 Malta ...... … … 1971 1971 … 2003 2003 Montenegro ...... 2006 2006 2006 2006 … 2006 2006 Portugal ...... 1978 1978 1960 1976 … 2004 2004 San Marino ...... … 1985 … … … … … Serbia...... 2000 2000 2001 2001 … 2001 2001 Slovenia...... 1992 1992 1992 1992 … 2004 2004 Spain...... 1967 … 1978 1978 … 2002 2002 The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia...... 1991 1991 1994 1994 2005 2005 Western Europe...... 4 — 9 9 — 9 8 Austria...... … … 1954 1973 … 2005 2007 Belgium...... 1953 … 1953 1969 … 2004 2004 France...... 1954 … 1954 1971 … 2002 2002 Germany...... 1959 … 1953 1969 … 2006 2006 Liechtenstein ...... … … 1957 1968 … 2008 2008 Luxembourg ...... … … 1953 1971 … 2009 … Monaco...... … … 1954 2010 … 2001 2001 Netherlands...... 1952 … 1956 1968 … 2005 2005 Switzerland...... … … 1955 1968 … 2006 2006 Latin America and the Caribbean ...... 15 1 27 27 15 26 24 Caribbean...... 8 — 9 8 1 6 6 Anguilla...... ------Antigua and Barbuda...... … … 1995 1995 … … … Aruba...... ------Bahamas ...... 1976 … 1993 1993 … 2008 2008 Barbados...... 1967 … … … … … … British Virgin Islands ...... ------Cayman Islands ...... ------Cuba ...... 1952 … … … … … …

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I. STATE PARTIES TO UNITED NATIONS LEGAL INSTRUMENTS (AS OF 1 JULY 2009) (continued)

Dominica ...... 1983 … 1994 1994 … … … Dominican Republic...... … … 1978 1978 … 2008 2007 Grenada ...... 1979 … … … … 2004 2004 Guadeloupe...... ------Haiti...... … … 1984 1984 … … … Jamaica...... 1962 … 1964 1980 2008 2003 2003 Martinique ...... ------Montserrat ...... ------Netherlands Antilles ...... ------Puerto Rico...... ------Saint Kitts and Nevis...... … … 2002 … … 2004 2004 Saint Lucia...... 1980 … … … … … … Saint Vincent and the Grenadines...... … … 1993 2003 … … … Trinidad and Tobago ...... 1963 … 2000 2000 … 2007 2007 Turks and Caicos Islands...... ------United States Virgin Islands...... ------Central America ...... 2 — 8 8 6 8 8 Belize...... 1983 … 1990 1990 2001 2003 2006 Costa Rica ...... … … 1978 1978 … 2003 2003 El Salvador ...... … … 1983 1983 2003 2004 2004 Guatemala...... 1952 … 1983 1983 2003 2004 2004 Honduras ...... … … 1992 1992 2005 2008 2008 Mexico...... … … 2000 2000 1999 2003 2003 Nicaragua ...... … … 1980 1980 2005 2004 2006 Panama ...... … … 1978 1978 … 2004 2004

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I. STATE PARTIES TO UNITED NATIONS LEGAL INSTRUMENTS (AS OF 1 JULY 2009) (continued)

South America ...... 5 1 10 11 8 12 10 Argentina...... … … 1961 1967 2007 2002 2002 Bolivia (Plurinational State of)...... 1983 1983 1982 1982 2000 2006 … Brazil...... 1965 … 1960 1972 … 2004 2004 Chile ...... … … 1972 1972 2005 2004 2004 Colombia ...... … … 1961 1980 1995 2004 … Ecuador ...... 1978 … 1955 1969 2002 2002 2002 Falkland Islands (Malvinas) ...... ------French Guiana ...... ------Guyana ...... 1966 … … … … 2004 2008 Paraguay...... … … 1970 1970 2008 2004 2008 Peru ...... … … 1964 1983 2005 2002 2002 Suriname...... … … 1978 1978 … 2007 2007 Uruguay...... 1954 … 1970 1970 2001 2005 2005 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) ...... … … … 1986 … 2002 2005 Northern America ...... — — 1 2 — 2 2 Bermuda ...... ------Canada...... … … 1969 1969 … 2002 2002 Greenland ...... ------Saint Pierre and Miquelon ...... ------United States of America...... …. … … 1968 … 2005 2005 Oceania...... 1 — 7 7 — 3 3 Australia and New Zealand ...... 1 — 2 2 — 2 2 Australia ...... … … 1954 1973 … 2005 2004 New Zealand ...... 1950 … 1960 1973 … 2002 2002

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I. STATE PARTIES TO UNITED NATIONS LEGAL INSTRUMENTS (AS OF 1 JULY 2009) (continued)

Melanesia...... — — 3 3 — — — Fiji ...... … … 1972 1972 … … … New Caledonia ...... ------Papua New Guinea ...... … … 1986 1986 … … … Solomon Islands ...... … … 1995 1995 … … … Vanuatu ...... … … … … … … … Micronesia...... — — — — — 1 1 Guam...... ------Kiribati ...... … … … … … 2005 2005 Marshall Islands ...... … … … … … … … Micronesia (Federated States of)...... … … … … … … … Nauru...... … … … … … … … Northern Mariana Islands ...... ------Palau...... … … … … … … … Polynesia...... — — 2 2 — — — American Samoa ...... ------Cook Islands...... ------French Polynesia ...... ------Niue...... ------Pitcairn ...... ------Samoa...... … … 1988 1994 … … … Tokelau...... ------Tonga...... … … … … … … … Tuvalu ...... … … 1986 1986 … … … Wallis and Futuna Islands...... ------

Source: United Nations Treaty Collection; see http://treaties.un.org (as of 1 July 2009).

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