NATIONAL SURVEY OF MONGOLIAN YOUTH A NATIONWIDE PUBLIC OPINION POLL May 14 - June 15, 2020 Detailed methodology • The survey was conducted on behalf of the International Republican Institute’s Center for Insights in Survey Research (CISR) by the Independent Research Institute of Mongolia (IRIM). • Data collection was conducted between May 14 - June 15, 2020 through interviews administered face-to-face in respondents’ homes. • The sample consisted of n=2,494 residents of Mongolia, aged 18 to 40. • A multi-stage probability sampling method was used to design a nationally representative sample according to population estimates from the National Statistical Office. The sample was stratified by region and by urban/rural residency, followed by random selection of primary sampling units (PSUs) within each stratum. Households were selected by randomly walking in each of the 250 PSUs, and respondents were selected by the last birthday method. • The data was weighted by gender and age groups according to 2019 estimates from the National Statistical Office. • The response rate was 20 percent. • The margin of error at the mid-range of the full sample does not exceed ±2.0 points at the 95% confidence level. • Charts and graphs may not add up to 100 percent due to rounding. 2 Frequently Cited Disaggregate Bases Disaggregate Category Base Age 18-25 n = 787 Age Brackets Age 26-30 n = 603 Age 31-35 n = 305 Age 36-40 n = 499 Male n = 1,246 Gender Female n = 1,248 Western Region n = 298 Khangai Region n = 439 Regions of Mongolia Central Region n = 413 Eastern Region n = 182 Ulaanbaatar Region n = 1,162 3 Geographical key: Regions of Mongolia Central Region Khangai Region Eastern Region Ulaanbaatar Western Region 4 Previous IRI Mongolia polls Poll Fieldwork Dates Total Sample Size Pre-Presidential Election National Survey of Mongolian Public Opinion April 24 – May 4, 2017 n = 3,000 Mongolian Public Opinion: Parliament After 100 Days January 23 – February 5, 2017 n = 5,000 Post-Election National Survey of Mongolian Public Opinion August 16 – August 26, 2016 n = 5,000 National Survey of Mongolian Public Opinion March 1 – March 15, 2016 n = 5,000 Survey of Mongolian Public Opinion October 12 – November 12, 2011 n = 2,413 Survey of Mongolian Public Opinion August 10 – September 3, 2010 n = 2,250 About the Center for Insights In Survey Research (CISR) Research and qualitative and quantitative public opinion data is a cornerstone of IRI’s approach to programming. Our data helps put citizens’ need at the center of the political debate and guide our projects’ goals. To date, IRI has conducted more than 900 polls in over 100 countries, surveying more than 1.5 million people and measuring community attitudes on a wide range of issues. IRI’s research approach integrates CISR’s methodological polling best practices protocol and field partner in-depth knowledge of the local research environment. This close collaboration begins at project design, with carefully calibrated sampling and instrument development, and continues throughout the entire fieldwork cycle to ensure the collection of reliable qualitative and quantitative data. ← For more of IRI’s public opinion research, see CISR’s content. 5 Youth Perspectives on Issues Facing Mongolia This Photo by Ocirccg T is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND In general, would you say that our country is heading in the right direction or the wrong direction? All 53% 36% 11% Respondents Gender Female 55% 34% 12% Male 52% 38% 10% Age Groups Age 36-40 52% 37% 11% Age 31-35 61% 29% 10% Age 26-30 48% 40% 12% Age 18-25 52% 36% 12% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% In the right direction In the wrong direction Don't know/Refused to answer 7 How satisfied or dissatisfied are you with the way democracy is developing in our country? All 13% 44% 30% 12% 2% Respondents Gender Female 12% 45% 31% 9% 3% Male 14% 43% 29% 14% 1% Age Groups Age 36-40 14% 40% 28% 17% 1% Age 31-35 13% 41% 35% 9% 2% Age 26-30 12% 44% 32% 11% 2% Age 18-25 12% 49% 26% 10% 2% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Very satisfied Somewhat satisfied Somewhat dissatisfied Very dissatisfied Don't know/Refused to answer 8 To what extent do civil society organizations (CSOs) impact government policy in our country? All 13% 50% 17% 13% 8% Respondents Gender Female 13% 52% 16% 10% 8% Male 14% 47% 17% 16% 7% Age Groups Age 36-40 13% 46% 19% 15% 7% Age 31-35 14% 48% 17% 15% 6% Age 26-30 12% 47% 17% 17% 8% Age 18-25 13% 56% 15% 7% 9% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Very impactful Somewhat impactful Somewhat unimpactful Very unimpactful Don't know/Refused to answer 9 Future of young people… Do you think that today’s generation of young people has a Slide 1 good future in our country or not? All 50% 46% 4% Respondents Gender Female 51% 45% 4% Male 49% 47% 4% Age Groups Age 36-40 52% 46% 3% Age 31-35 51% 45% 4% Age 26-30 45% 50% 5% Age 18-25 52% 44% 4% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Good future Not a good future Don't know/Refused to answer 10 Future of young people… Do you think that today’s generation of young people has a Slide 2 good future in our country or not? 100% 4% 4% 7% 2% 3% 4% 2% 4% 90% 80% 47% 44% 44% 44% 46% 44% 70% 45% 55% 60% 50% 40% 30% 53% 52% 52% 52% 47% 49% 51% 20% 43% 10% 0% Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male (n=525) (n=509) (n=313) (n=243) (n=262) (n=207) (n=253) (n=182) Age 18-25 Age 26-30 Age 31-35 Age 36-40 Good future Not a good future Don't know/Refused to answer 11 Future of young people… Do you think that today’s generation of young people has a Slide 3 good future in our country or not? All 50% 46% 4% Respondents Region Ulaanbaatar 50% 46% 4% Eastern 47% 49% 3% Central 46% 52% 2% Khangai 47% 46% 7% Western 62% 37% 2% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Good future Not a good future Don't know/Refused to answer 12 Biggest problem… What is the most important problem facing our country Slide 1 today? (Spontaneous response, up to three responses permitted) Top 10 Responses Unemployment 35% 12% 7% 54% Corruption 8% 10% 5% 22% Education 5% 6% 7% 18% Poverty 4% 7% 6% 18% Economy, other/general 6% 5% 4% 15% Cost of living, high prices 4% 5% 3% 13% Politicization 4% 4% 4% 12% Alcoholism 2% 4% 4% 10% Healthcare, general 2%3% 5% 10% Infrastructure 2% 3% 3% 8% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% First response Second response Third response 13 Biggest problem… What is the most important problem facing our country Slide 2 today? (Spontaneous response, up to three responses permitted; top ten responses) All Respondents Western Region Unemployment 54% Unemployment 65% Corruption 22% Poverty 18% Education 18% Corruption 17% Poverty 18% Alcoholism 15% Economy, other/general 15% Education 14% Cost of living, high prices 13% Politicization 13% Politicization 12% Small business opportunities 10% Alcoholism 10% Cost of living, high prices 9% Healthcare, general 10% Domestic violence 7% Infrastructure 8% Infrastructure 7% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% Khangai Mongolia Central Region Unemployment 59% Unemployment 49% Corruption 21% Cost of living, high prices 21% Economy, other/general 19% Poverty 17% Poverty 16% Education 16% Cost of living, high prices 13% Alcoholism 13% Education 12% Politicization 13% Healthcare, general 9% Healthcare, COVID-19 12% Alcoholism 8% Economy, other/general 12% Healthcare, COVID-19 8% Domestic violence 11% Politicization 8% Small business opportunities 11% 14 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% Biggest problem… What is the most important problem facing our country Slide 3 today? (Spontaneous response, up to three responses permitted; top ten responses) All Respondents Eastern Region Unemployment 54% Unemployment 46% Corruption 22% Economy, other/general 29% Education 18% Poverty 17% Poverty 18% Politicization 13% Economy, other/general 15% Alcoholism 12% Cost of living, high prices 13% Agriculture 12% Politicization 12% Corruption 11% Alcoholism 10% Education 11% Healthcare, general 10% Healthcare, general 11% Infrastructure 8% Environment, Soil pollution 7% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% Ulaanbaatar Unemployment 53% Corruption 31% Education 23% Poverty 18% Economy, other/general 14% Politicization 13% Cost of living, high prices 12% Infrastructure 12% Healthcare, general 11% 15 Alcoholism 8% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% Biggest problem… What is the biggest problem for our country? Slide 4 (Spontaneous response, up to three responses permitted; top ten responses) 53% Unemployment 55% 25% Corruption 20% 17% Poverty 18% 16% Education 20% 16% Politicization 8% 15% Economy, other/general 14% 13% Cost of living, high prices 13% 11% Alcoholism 10% 10% Infrastructure Women 8% 9% Healthcare, general Men 10% 4% Domestic violence 11% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 16 Political Institutions and Governance This Photo by Altai Baatarkhuu is licensed under CC BY-SA Institution rating… What is your opinion of each of the following institutions? Slide 1 Army 19% 58% 11% 2% 10% Police 12% 56% 23% 4% 5% Media 9% 55% 27% 3% 6% CSOs and non-governmental 7% 57% 20% 2% 14% organizations (NGOs) Local government 6% 51% 28% 5% 11% Cabinet 6% 43% 33% 5% 12% President's office 4% 44% 21% 3% 28% General Election Commission 4% 41% 36% 6% 14% Religious institutions 4% 38% 33% 10% 16% Parliament 4% 36% 47% 9% 4% Courts 5% 33% 40% 11% 11% Political parties 2% 26% 50% 10% 12% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Very positive Somewhat positive Somewhat negative Very negative Don't know/Refused to answer 18 Institution rating… What is your opinion of each of the following institutions? Slide 2 Mean (Average) Index of Institution Rating Issue Age 18-25 Age 26-30 Age 31-35 Age 36-40 Total Parliament 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.7 General Election Commission 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 Courts 2.5 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.7 Army 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 Police 2.1 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.2 Media 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.3 President’s office 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.3 Cabinet 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.4 Political parties 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.8 2.8 Religious institutions 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.6 Local government 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 CSOs and NGOs 2.1 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.2 *Top 3 most positive ratings are highlighted.