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Lens Distortion 3D-Equalizer Version 3 Release 5 Manual © 2005 Science.D.Visions Heiliger Weg 60 D-44135 Dortmund Germany Email: [email protected] Web: www.sci-d-vis.com Acknowledgements We would like to thank Alias|Wavefront, Softimage, Side Effects, NewTek, Kinetix, Voss TV and SAR for their support in the development of the export modules. Thanks also to the beta- testers of 3D-Equalizer for useful discussions. We would also like to thank Trix (Belgium), Silicon Studio LA (USA), FrameStore (UK), Video Efecto (Spain) and CA Scanline (Germany) for providing tutorial sequences and additional image material. Very special thanks to Matthias, Denis, the Andys, Dave, Mario, Seamus, all the fine people at VPJ, Alan, Hugh, Ron, Charlie, Jeff, Petra & Remo, Wayne, Sam, Lee, Michael, Daniel, and Albrecht. February, 2005 The contents of this document may not be copied or duplicated in any form, in whole or in part, without the prior written permission of Science.D.Visions. All product names mentioned in this manual and in the software are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders. Although every attempt is made to ensure the correct working of the application 3D-Equalizer and the correctness of the information contained in this manual some errors may exist. Science.D.Visions will not accept responsibility of any kind for damages or other consequences resulting from the use of 3D-Equalizer or this manual. Contents Contents Overview 2 Tutorials 2 Introduction 4 Conventions 5 Terminology 5 Basic geometric expressions 6 Cameras and Images 6 Camera point group and object point groups 8 Deviation 10 Calculation methods 10 Workflow 10 Differences between 3DE V2 and V3 13 Tutorial 14 Tutorial 1: Introductory project „ball_bluebox1“ 14 Getting started 15 The Main Window 16 Editing 3D-Equalizer’s preferences 16 Environments concept 18 Creating a new user-defined environment 19 Creating a new project 20 Creating a new sequence 21 i 3D-Equalizer Version 3 Navigation within the sequence 24 Building up a cache movie 24 Using the cache movie feature 25 Creating a new pointgroup 26 Creating a new point 29 Tracking markers 31 Adjusting the field of view 38 Defining camera parameters 39 Error analysis using the Status Window 45 Aligning the reconstructed 3D data to the global coordinate frame 50 Editing dummy objects 56 Generating a preview movie 59 Exporting the reconstructed 3D data 60 Tutorial 2: Automatic Motiontracking 62 Basic concepts of automatic tracking 63 Techniques for refining automatically tracked projects 69 How to use Spline Area Mattes 73 Tutorial 3: Manual Motiontracking 82 Markertracking 82 Image Controls Window 87 Patterntracking: Rotating and Scaling the Reference Pattern 90 Patterntracking: Forward & Backward Tracking 95 Tutorial 4: Camera Adjustment 100 Rough camera adjustment 102 Finetuning the camera parameters 105 Tutorial 5: Stabilizing 110 Stabilizing Points 110 Editing the three-dimensional camera motion path 115 Applying the postfilter 122 General remarks 126 Tutorial 6: Fixed Camera Position 128 Tutorial 7: Reference Frames 132 Defining reference frames 133 Checking the average deviation value 138 Improving the quality of the point model 140 Adding Reference Frames 142 ii Contents Distorted point model 143 Adjusting the cameras 145 Tutorial 8: Multiple pointgroups 148 Tutorial 9: Multiple sequences 156 Tutorial 10: Lens Distortion 164 General remarks 164 Recording a grid 168 Examples of grid shots 169 Measuring lens distortion by means of grid shots 169 Measuring lens distortion without grid shots 173 Fisheye lenses 177 WarpDistort 177 Applying lens distortion to rendered images 181 Tutorial 11: Zooming 182 Zooming and Fixed Camera Position 182 Zooming, rotating and translating camera 186 Reference frames available 186 The relation between zoom curve, camera motion path and status curve 191 No reference frames available, estimated zoom curve available 194 Tutorial 12: Matchmoving Non-Rigid Objects 198 Tracking points in mocap projects 202 Compensating for subframe timeshift 207 Extracting Overall Movement 210 Selected Topics 214 Tracking 214 Search pattern and search area 214 Valid and invalid screen points 215 Markertracking 217 Applicability 218 “Natural” markers 219 Camera Adjustment 220 Camera models 220 Adjustment procedure 223 Calculation level “Unknown“ 226 Calculation level “Fine Adjust“ 226 iii 3D-Equalizer Version 3 Examples of pixel aspect 227 Adjustment of the reference camera 227 Photographs as reference frames 227 Minimum requirements 228 The Concept of Postfiltering 230 Editing and Consistency 232 Reference Manual 234 Main Window 234 Miscellaneous 235 Menu: Project 236 Menu: Windows 238 Menu: Environments 239 Menu: Options 240 Menu: Playback 241 Menu: Special Frames 244 Menu: Calc 245 Menu: Tcl Scripts 246 Requester: Export A|W PowerAnimator... 248 Requester: Export SoftImage 3D... 250 Requester: Export Discreet Logic Flame, Flint... 252 Requester: Export SideFX Houdini... 254 Requester: Export Kinetix 3D Studio Max R3... 256 Requester: Export A|W Maya... 258 Requester: Export NewTek LightWave 3D... 260 Requester: Export Kodak Cineon... 262 Requester: Export SoftImage XSI... 264 Requester: Configure Environments... 266 Requester: Edit Global Calculation Settings... 267 Requester: Edit Preview Movie Settings... 268 Requester: Edit Postfilter Settings... 269 Requester: Edit Zoom Curve Filter Settings... 270 Requester: Edit Lens Distortion Grid Color... 271 Requester: Edit 3DEqualizer Preferences... 272 Requester: 3DEqualizer Software Licence... 276 Requester: Determine Badly Tracked Points... 277 iv Contents Zoom Window 278 Miscellaneous 278 Motiontracking Mode 279 Distortion Grid Edit Mode 282 Autotracking Mode 285 Menu: File 287 Menu: Edit 288 Menu: Controls 290 Menu: View 290 Menu: Options 293 Overview Window 296 Miscellaneous 296 Menu: View 297 Image Controls Window 300 Menu: File 302 Menu: Reset 302 Menu: View 303 Pointgroups Window 304 Buttons 304 Menu: Pointgroup 305 Requester: Create Pointgroup... 306 Requester: Modify Pointgroup... 309 Requester: Create Point... 310 Requester: Modify Point... 313 Timeline Window 314 Miscellaneous 314 Menu: File 316 Menu: Edit 317 Menu: View 319 Menu: Options 319 Requester: Shift Curves... 320 Frames Window 322 Buttons 322 Requester: Create Sequence... 323 Requester: Modify Sequence... 327 Requester: Create Reference Frame... 327 v 3D-Equalizer Version 3 Requester: Modify Reference Frame... 329 Autotracking Regions Window 330 Buttons 330 Requester: Create Autotracking Region... 331 Requester: Modify Autotracking Region... 334 Camera Adjustment Window 336 Miscellaneous 337 Camera Zooming Window 340 Menu: File 342 Menu: Edit 342 Menu: View 345 Menu: Options 346 Menu: Calc 346 Motion Path Window 348 Menu: File 350 Menu: Edit 351 Menu: View 354 Menu: Options 356 Menu: Calc 357 Orientation Window 358 Miscellaneous 359 Menu: Orientation 362 Menu: Dummy 365 Menu: Windows 367 Menu: View 368 Window: 3D Object Browser 370 Window: Material Editor 372 Window: Dir Light Editor 372 Requester: Change Grid Size... 373 Requester: Modify Scene Node... 373 Requester: Modify Camera... 374 Requester: Modify Point... 375 Requester: Modify Dummy... 376 Requester: Modify Pointgroup... 377 Status Window 380 Menu: View 382 vi Contents Menu: Options 383 Menu: Search 383 Warpdistort 384 Main Window 384 Miscellaneous 386 Menu: File 388 Image View Window 389 Appendix 392 Appendix A: Tcl interface 392 Datatypes 392 Command: get3DEInstallPath 393 Command: get3DEVersion 394 Command: open3DEConsole 395 Command: close3DEConsole 396 Command: print3DEConsole 397 Command: flush3DEConsole 398 Command: post3DEInfoRequester 399 Command: post3DEQuestionRequester 400 Command: post3DEPromptRequester 401 Command: post3DEFileRequester 402 Command: getSelectedPGroup 403 Command: getSelectedFobj 404 Command: getSelectedPoint 405 Command: getSelectedCamera 406 Command: getSelectedFrame 407 Command: createPGroup 408 Command: deletePGroup 409 Command: getPGroupType 410 Command: getFirstPGroup 411 Command: getNextPGroup 412 Command: getNoPGroups 413 Command: getIndexPGroup 414 Command: getPGroupName 415 Command: setPGroupName 416 Command: getPGroupDeviation 417 vii 3D-Equalizer Version 3 Command: getPGroupAverageDeviation 418 Command: createFobj 419 Command: deleteFobj 420 Command: getFobjType 421 Command: getFirstFobj 422 Command: getNextFobj 423 Command: getNoFobjs 424 Command: getIndexFobj 425 Command: getFobjName 426 Command: setFobjName 427 Command: getFobjNoFrames 428 Command: getFobjPath 429 Command: setFobjPath 430 Command: getFobjSequenceAttr 431 Command: setFobjSequenceAttr 432 Command: getFobjImageType 433 Command: setFobjImageType 434 Command: getFobjCamera 435 Command: setFobjCamera 436 Command: getFobjZoomingFlag 437 Command: getFobjZoomFactor 438 Command: getFobjImageWidth 439 Command: getFobjImageHeight 440 Command: getFobjImageWidthFOV 441 Command: getFobjImageHeightFOV 442 Command: getFobjTimeshift 443 Command: createPoint 444 Command: deletePoint 445 Command: getFirstPoint 446 Command: getNextPoint 447 Command: getNoPoints 448 Command: getIndexPoint 449 Command: findPointByName 450 Command: getPointName 451 Command: setPointName 452 Command: getPointSelectionFlag 453 viii Contents Command: getPointPosition3D 454 Command: setPointPosition3D 455 Command: getPointCalcPosition3D 456 Command: setPointCalcPosition3D 457 Command: getPointMoCapCalcPosition3D 458 Command: setPointMoCapCalcPosition3D 459 Command: getPointSurveyType 460 Command: setPointSurveyType 461 Command: getPointPosition2D
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