DOCSLIB.ORG

A New Website for Araceae Taxonomy On

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A New Website for Araceae Taxonomy On 148 AROIDEANA, Vol. 31 A New Website for Araceae Taxonomy on www.cate-araceae.org A. Haigh, L Lay, S. J. Mayo, L Reynolds, and M. Sellaro Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Richmond, Surrey 1W9 3AE, U.K. [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; reynoldslm8@ yahoo.com; [email protected] J. Bogner Augsburger Str. 43a D - 86368 Gersthofen, Germany [email protected] P. C. Boyce Lot 12, Hillsdale Jalan Puncak Borneo Kota Padawan Kuching 93250 Sarawak, Malaysia [email protected] Thomas B. Croat, Michael H. Grayum, R. Keating, and C. Kostelac Missouri Botanical Garden P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166 [email protected]; [email protected]; Richard.keating@ mobot.org; [email protected] A. Hay National Herbarium of New South Wales Royal Botanic Gardens Mrs Macquaries Road Sydney, New South Wales 2000, Australia ajmhay@hotmaiLcom W. Hetterscheid Wageningen University Botanic Garden Generaa1 Foulkesweg 37 6703 BL Wageningen, Netherlands [email protected] M.Mora Department of Biological Sciences Box 870345 The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0345, U.S.A. [email protected] Wong Sin Yeng [email protected] A. HAIGH ET Ai., 2008 149 ABSTRACT visions that there is great potential to make traditional taxonomy a much more excit­ The development and current progress ing, collective and dynamic activity than of the Cate-Araceae website is described ever before. But one common discovery and its relation to the aroid community that most E-Taxonomy websites make early discussed in the context of rapidly devel­ on is that without an interested community, oping initiatives to migrate traditional ready to focus on the web-delivered descriptive taxonomy onto the internet (E­ information, it is difficult to create the Taxonomy). desired inter-activity. Scientists who are engaged in this area all agree that the INTRODUCTION hardest job is not the technology, but The website of the International Aroid engaging the human community, Le. mak­ Society and its associated mailing list Aroid­ ing it attractive for taxonomists, natural I is a key achievement of the Society and its historians, plantspeople, ecologists, horti­ supporting community. It is a dynamic and culturists and anybody else who is inter­ attractive social space in which people who ested, to actually engage regularly with the are interested in aroids feel comfortable to website and turn it into a living breathing tell other people about their interests and community space. find out more, especially by just asking for The project described here - Cate­ help. The success of the site is very obvious Araceae - is thus a direct response to the in this respect and it is moreover a lasting existence of the aroid community that finds success. Everyone knows that there is just its expression through the lAS. If it suc­ ceeds, it will be because of the community one place on the internet - http://www. that the lAS has created and sustained. The aroid.orgl - where you can find out all idea for an additional website for aroids about aroids. It is easy to see that it isn't just focussing on formal species taxonomy the site but also the community that it links initially arose from discussions between together which is of great significance in Tom Croat (Missouri Botanical Garden) the context of the revolution that the and Simon Mayo (Royal Botanic Gardens internet is bringing about for biodiversity Kew) in 2003. They were primarily seeking studies, including taxonomy. a mechanism which would bring about a Getting taxonomy onto the internet is a more effective integration of effort between rapidly growing activity which is now aroid taxonomists dispersed around the being taken seriously by major biodiversity world - a means for collaboration, badly institutes around the world. The biggest needed for the big genera which are initiative to appear so far is the global-scale beyond the reach of anyone person to Encyclopedia of Life (EoL) (http://www. revise effectively. They reasoned that eol.orgl) project inspired by Prof. E.O. greater aggregation of the aroid taxonomic Wilson of Harvard University and now an experts was the key to providing high international consortium. All such projects quality information to support global facil­ argue that the prime task for taxonomists ities like Global Biodiversity Information today is to make taxonomy visible on the Facility (http://www.gbif.org/). Interna­ internet and transform classification into a tional Plant Names Index (http://www. "rolling" continual-update facility in which ipnLorgl), and many other such global information for species is available at a information projects, of which EoL is a mouse-click, in the most up-to-date form, more recent example. The first step in to everyone, all the time. Going even making this idea concrete was a project to further are those projects which aim to make an internet-accessible key to the make it possible for anyone to contribute to species of Philodendron, something never biodiversity websites and thus enrich them, previously attempted. Marcela Mora (Bo­ in much the same way as Wikipedia (http:// gota, now at the University of Alabama), www.wikipedia.org/).Itis clear from these led this project from 2005 with funding 150 AROIDEANA, Vol. 31 mainly from the Kew Latin America Re­ Kew and Imperial College London, later search Fellowships Programme (KLARF), replaced by the University of Oxford working both at Kew and Missouri Botan­ (http://www.cate-project.org). CATE has ical Garden before starting on her PhD created websites for two model groups, studies at Tuscaloosa in 2007. The logic of the Sphingidae (hawkmoths, http://www. this key-writing project was not only the cate-sphingidae.org) to represent the need to provide an identification tool of Animal Kingdom and the Araceae for some sort, but also a means to navigate the plants (http://www.cate-araceae.org).Be­ existing tangled knowledge of a very large sides bringing together comprehensive genus, to narrow down alternatives and taxonomic information for each family, establish groups of species and a geo­ the project's major goal is to build the graphical scope on which botanists could software framework needed to make it begin new projects of taxonomic revision; possible for the taxonomists to carry out i.e. the key as a research tool as well as a on-going revision of the uploaded infor­ service. mation. So the three ingredients of the The chance to set up a more ambitious project are: 1) create the initial information version of the original idea came with the for each species and mount it on the web; CATE project (Creating a Taxonomic 2) create the software tools to update and e-Science). CATE is a feasibility study for a change the content; 3) attract the taxonom­ particular view of how to deliver revision­ ic community to focus part of their revi­ ary taxonomy through the internet, first Sionary effort onto the website. articulated clearly by Charles Godfray (2002), a British evolutionary population THE ARACEAE WEBSITE biologist and entomologist. There are two key ideas in Godfray's vision. First is the Taxonomists have the most vital role in notion of peer-reviewed consensus taxon­ the CATE vision, particularly in proposing omy - that is, the cooperation of taxono­ changes, such as the addition of new mists to produce, maintain and update, on species or synonyms, which must be a permanent basis, a single agreed version published in hard copy before they can of the taxonomy of family-level taxa like be incorporated, because of the rules of the the Araceae. This is a response to a widely International Code of Botanical Nomencla­ expressed and urgent demand from many ture (McNeill et at., 2006). However, the sectors, including biodiversity and conser­ system will be open to anyone to make vation science, horticulture, forestry and contributions, for example, a distribution agronomy. The second point is continual record, images, previously unrecorded update: the websites need to focus the observations and so on. These can add taxonomic experts permanently on main­ significant taxonomic information to spe­ taining and developing the information cies treatments. content so that users can be sure of access Maintaining the quality of the informa­ to the current best scientific estimate of the tion content is important to the credibility family taxonomy. In order to achieve this, of the site. Contributions and proposals for of course, the taxonomic community has to change can be reviewed online by anyone; organize itself in such a way that this focus however, for more complex, technical or is achieved and maintained, and discover­ extensive material, moderators will be ing how to do this is a major challenge. asked to prepare reviews by the editorial Planning for CATE began in 2004 and group. The taxonomic revision on the funds from the UK's Natural Environment website will also be regularly versioned. Research Council (NERC) were granted in This means a time series in which the June 2005 for a three-year period. The current version replaces previous ones and project began later that year as a consor­ the old versions are dated and archived and tium led by the Natural History Museum remain available for consultation. Newly London, with the Royal Botanic Gardens accepted changes to the revision will thus A. HAIGH ET AL., 2008 151 be incorporated into the next version as pages in the genera Amm, Hapaline, part of an organized work flow. Any Pothos, Pothoidium, Pedicellamm and proposals that are not accepted by the Colocasia. By the end of 2008, there will editorial group will nevertheless be posted be full to reasonably full (depending on on the site, as alternative hypotheses and current knowledge) information for all attributed clearly to their authors.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Araceae) in Bogor Botanic Gardens, Indonesia: Collection, Conservation and Utilization
    BIODIVERSITAS ISSN: 1412-033X Volume 19, Number 1, January 2018 E-ISSN: 2085-4722 Pages: 140-152 DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190121 The diversity of aroids (Araceae) in Bogor Botanic Gardens, Indonesia: Collection, conservation and utilization YUZAMMI Center for Plant Conservation Botanic Gardens (Bogor Botanic Gardens), Indonesian Institute of Sciences. Jl. Ir. H. Juanda No. 13, Bogor 16122, West Java, Indonesia. Tel.: +62-251-8352518, Fax. +62-251-8322187, ♥email: [email protected] Manuscript received: 4 October 2017. Revision accepted: 18 December 2017. Abstract. Yuzammi. 2018. The diversity of aroids (Araceae) in Bogor Botanic Gardens, Indonesia: Collection, conservation and utilization. Biodiversitas 19: 140-152. Bogor Botanic Gardens is an ex-situ conservation centre, covering an area of 87 ha, with 12,376 plant specimens, collected from Indonesia and other tropical countries throughout the world. One of the richest collections in the Gardens comprises members of the aroid family (Araceae). The aroids are planted in several garden beds as well as in the nursery. They have been collected from the time of the Dutch era until now. These collections were obtained from botanical explorations throughout the forests of Indonesia and through seed exchange with botanic gardens around the world. Several of the Bogor aroid collections represent ‘living types’, such as Scindapsus splendidus Alderw., Scindapsus mamilliferus Alderw. and Epipremnum falcifolium Engl. These have survived in the garden from the time of their collection up until the present day. There are many aroid collections in the Gardens that have potentialities not widely recognised. The aim of this study is to reveal the diversity of aroids species in the Bogor Botanic Gardens, their scientific value, their conservation status, and their potential as ornamental plants, medicinal plants and food.
    [Show full text]
  • AMYDRIUM ZIPPELIANUM Araceae Peter Boyce the Genus Amydrium Schott Contains Five Species of Creeping and Climbing Aroids Occurring from Myanmar to Papua New Guinea
    McVean, D.N. (1974). The mountain climates of SW Pacific. In Flenley, J.R. Allitudinal Zonation in Malesia. Transactions of the third Aberdeen-Hull Symposium on Malesian Ecology. Hull University, Dept. of Geography. Miscellaneous Series No. 16. Mueller, F. van (1889). Records ofobservations on Sir William MacGregor’s highland plants from New Guinea. Transactions of the RoyalSocieQ of Victoria new series I(2): 1-45. Royen, P. van (1982). The Alpine Flora ofNew Guinea 3: 1690, pl. 140. Crarner, Vaduz. Schlechter, R. (1918). Die Ericaceen von Deutsch-Neu-Guinea. Botanische Jahrbiicher 55: 137- 194. Sinclair, I. (1984). A new compost for Vireya rhododendrons. The Planlsman 6(2): 102-104. Sleumer, H. (1949). Ein System der Gattung Rhododendron L. Botanische Jahrbiicher 74(4): 5 12-5 I 3. Sleumer, H. (1960). Flora Malesiana Precursores XXIII The genus Rhododendron in Malaysia. Reinwardtia 5(2):45-231. Sleumer, H. (1961). Flora Malesiana Precursores XXIX Supplementary notes towards the knowledge of the genus Rhododendron in Malaysia. Blumea 11(I): 113-131, Sleumer, H. (1963). Flora Malesianae Precursores XXXV. Supplementary notes towards the knowledge ofthe Ericaceae in Malaysia. Blumea 12: 89-144. Sleumer, H. (1966). Ericaceae. Flora Malesiana Series I. G(4-5): 469-914. Sleumer, H. (1973). New species and noteworthy records ofRhododendron in Malesia. Blumea 21: 357-376. Smith,J..J. (1914). Ericaceae. Nova Guinea 12(2): 132. t. 30a, b. Brill, Leiden. Smith,J.J. (1917). Ericaceae. Noua Guinea 12(5):506. Brill, Leiden. Stevens, P.F. (1974). The hybridization and geographical variation of Rhododendron atropurpureum and R. woniersleyi. Proceedings ofthe Papua New Guinea ScientificSociety.
    [Show full text]
  • Hapaline Benthamiana Question Number Question Answer Score 1.01 Is the Species Highly Domesticated? N 0
    Australia/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for United States. Data used for analysis published in: Gordon, D.R. and C.A. Gantz. 2008. Potential impacts on the horticultural industry of screening new plants for invasiveness. Conservation Letters 1: 227-235. Available at: http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/121448369/PDFSTART Hapaline benthamiana Question number Question Answer Score 1.01 Is the species highly domesticated? n 0 1.02 Has the species become naturalised where grown? 1.03 Does the species have weedy races? 2.01 Species suited to U.S. climates (USDA hardiness zones; 0-low, 1- 2 intermediate, 2-high) 2.02 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) 2 2.03 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) n 0 2.04 Native or naturalized in regions with an average of 11-60 inches of annual y 1 precipitation 2.05 Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its ? natural range? 3.01 Naturalized beyond native range n -1 3.02 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n 0 3.03 Weed of agriculture n 0 3.04 Environmental weed n 0 3.05 Congeneric weed n 0 4.01 Produces spines, thorns or burrs n 0 4.02 Allelopathic 4.03 Parasitic n 0 4.04 Unpalatable to grazing animals 4.05 Toxic to animals n 0 4.06 Host for recognised pests and pathogens 4.07 Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humans n 0 4.08 Creates a fire hazard in natural ecosystems 4.09 Is a shade tolerant plant at some stage of its life cycle 4.1 Grows on one or more of the following soil types: alfisols, entisols, or
    [Show full text]
  • The Genus Amorphophallus
    The Genus Amorphophallus (Titan Arums) Origin, Habit and General Information The genus Amorphophallus is well known for the famous Amorphophallus titanum , commonly known as "Titan Arum". The Titan Arum holds the plant world record for an unbranched single inflorescence. The infloresence eventually may reach up to three meters and more in height. Besides this oustanding species more than 200 Amorphophallus species have been described - and each year some more new findings are published. A more or less complete list of all validly described Amorphophallus species and many photos are available from the website of the International Aroid Society (http://www.aroid.org) . If you are interested in this fascinating genus, think about becoming a member of the International Aroid Society! The International Aroid Society is the worldwide leading society in aroids and offers a membership at a very low price and with many benefits! A different website for those interested in Amorphophallus hybrids is: www.amorphophallus-network.org This page features some awe-inspiring new hybrids, e.g. Amorphophallus 'John Tan' - an unique and first time ever cross between Amorphophallus variabilis X Amorphophallus titanum ! The majority of Amorphophallus species is native to subtropical and tropical lowlands of forest margins and open, disturbed spots in woods throughout Asia. Few species are found in Africa (e.g. Amorphophallus abyssinicus , from West to East Africa), Australia (represented by a single species only, namely Amorphophallus galbra , occuring in Queensland, North Australia and Papua New Guinea), and Polynesia respectively. Few species, such as Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Madagascar to Polynesia), serve as a food source throughout the Asian region.
    [Show full text]
  • The Genus Amydrium (Araceae: Monsteroideae: Monstereae) With
    KEWBULLETIN 54: 379 - 393 (1999) The genus Amydrium (Araceae: Monsteroideae:Monstereae) with particular reference to Thailand and Indochina NGUYENVAN Dzu'l & PETER C. BOYCE2 Summary. The genus Amydrium (Araceae) is recorded for the first time from Vietnam, with two species, A. hainanense and A. sinense, hitherto known only from China (including Hainan). Neither species was treated in the last revision of Amydrium(Nicolson 1968) and their recognition requires alterations to his account. A key to the Asian genera of Monstereaeand Anadendreae,an expanded generic description, keys to fertile, sterile and juvenile plants and a review of the genus is presented. Both newly recorded Vietnamese species are illustrated. INTRODUCTION AmydriumSchott, a genus of terrestrial subscandent herbs and root-climbing lianes occurring from Sumatra to New Guinea and from southern China to Java, was last revised by Nicolson (1968). Nicolson merged EpipremnopsisEngl. into the then monospecific Amydrium,recognizing four species in all. Since Nicolson's account two more species have been recognized: A. sinense (Engl.) H. Li and A. hainanense (C. C. Ting & C. Y Wu ex H. Li et al.) H. Li. Amydriumsinense, based upon Engler's Scindapsus sinensis (Engler 1900), was overlooked by Nicolson. Amydrium hainanense, described initially in Epipremnopsis(Li et al. 1977), was later transferred to Amydrium (Li 1979). Additionally, two species recognized by Nicolson, A. zippelianumand A. magnificum, have since been shown to be conspecific (Hay 1990; Boyce 1995). Amydriumas here defined comprises five species. Amydrium is currently placed in Monsteroideae tribe Monstereae (sensu Mayo et al. 1997) but has a chequered history of infrafamilial placement. In publishing Amydrium(then monospecific: A.
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of the Aroid Tribe Caladieae with the Description of Three New Species of Caladium and Seven New Species of Syngonium (Araceae)
    A Review of the Aroid Tribe Caladieae with the Description of Three New Species of Caladium and Seven New Species of Syngonium (Araceae) Thomas B. Croat,1 Xavier Delannay,2 Orlando O. Ortiz,3 and Pedro Diaz Jim´enez4 1 P. A. Schulze Curator, Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Blvd., St. Louis, Missouri 63110, U.S.A. [email protected] 2 Volunteer Research Associate, Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Blvd., St. Louis, Missouri 63110, U.S.A. 3 Herbario PMA & Programa de Maestr´ıa en Ciencias Biol´ogicas, Universidad de Panam´a, Estafeta Universitaria, Panama City, Panama. 4 Centro de Investigaciones Tropicales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. ABSTRACT. A review of the aroid tribe Caladieae is that summarized our knowledge of the group, described presented, and three new species of Caladium Vent. new species, and discovered important distinctions and seven new species of Syngonium Schott are de- between Caladium and Xanthosoma, markedly that scribed and illustrated. Two species, C. picturatum K. differences occur in the display of their pollen. Pollen Koch & C. D. Bouch´e and C. steudnerifolium Engl., grains are borne in tetrads in Xanthosoma and solitarily previously considered to be synonymous with C. bicolor in Caladium. Madison (1981) provided a key to the six (Aiton) Vent., are fully redescribed. New species of genera considered to be Caladieae at that time, namely Caladium are C. cortesae Croat & E. G. Gonç., C. Aphyllarum S. Moore, Caladium, Chlorospatha, Jasa- palaciosii Croat & L. P. Hannon, and C. stevensonii rum, Scaphispatha, and Xanthosoma. Aphyllarum has Croat & Delannay. New species of Syngonium are S.
    [Show full text]
  • Araceae) from the Upper Maastrichtian of South Dakota
    Int. J. Plant Sci. 177(8):706–725. 2016. q 2016 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved. 1058-5893/2016/17708-0006$15.00 DOI: 10.1086/688285 EVALUATING RELATIONSHIPS AMONG FLOATING AQUATIC MONOCOTS: A NEW SPECIES OF COBBANIA (ARACEAE) FROM THE UPPER MAASTRICHTIAN OF SOUTH DAKOTA Ruth A. Stockey,1,* Gar W. Rothwell,*,† and Kirk R. Johnson‡ *Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, 2082 Cordley Hall, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA; †Department of Environmental and Plant Biology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA; and ‡National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, MRC 106, PO Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA Editor: Patrick S. Herendeen Premise of research. A large number of floating aquatic aroid fossils have been recovered from pond sediments in the Hell Creek Formation (Upper Cretaceous) of South Dakota, providing valuable new data about aquatic vegetation of the uppermost Cretaceous, that are used to describe a new species of the genus Cobbania,and to evaluate associated reproductive structures and phylogenetic relationships among floating aquatic monocots. Methodology. Fossils were uncovered as needed with fine needles to reveal surface features of the specimens. Images were captured with a digital scanning camera, and phylogenetic analyses were conducted with TNT implemented through WinClada. Pivotal results. The new species, Cobbania hickeyi Stockey, Rothwell & Johnson, extends the range of the genus to the uppermost Cretaceous, supports the taxonomic integrity of the genus Cobbania, and increases our understanding of structural variation and species richness within the genus. Associated reproductive structures include an aroid spadix, strengthening the assignment of Cobbania to the Araceae.
    [Show full text]
  • Fossil Araceae from a Paleocene Neotropical Rainforest in Colombia1
    American Journal of Botany 95(12): 1569-1583. 2008. FOSSIL ARACEAE FROM A PALEOCENE NEOTROPICAL RAINFOREST IN COLOMBIA1 FABIANY A. HERRERA,2'35 CARLOS A. JARAMILLO,2 DAVID L. DILCHER,3 SCOTT L. WING,4 AND CAROLINA G6MEZ-N.2 ^Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, CTPA, Panama City, Panama; 'Florida Museum of Natural History and Geology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7800, USA; ^Department of Paleobiology, Smithsonian Museum of Natural History, Washington DC, USA Both the fossil record and molecular data support a long evolutionary history for the Araceae. Although the family is diverse in tropical America today, most araceous fossils, however, have been recorded from middle and high latitudes. Here, we report fossil leaves of Araceae from the middle-late Paleocene of northern Colombia, and review fossil araceous pollen grains from the same interval. Two of the fossil leaf species are placed in the new fossil morphogenus Petrocardium Herrera, Jaramillo, Dilcher, Wing et Gomez-N gen. nov.; these fossils are very similar in leaf morphology to extant Anthurium; however, their relationship to the genus is still unresolved. A third fossil leaf type from Cerrejon is recognized as a species of the extant genus Montrichardia, the first fossil record for this genus. These fossils inhabited a coastal rainforest -60-58 million years ago with broadly similar habitat preferences to modern Araceae. Key words: Anthurium; Araceae; Colombia; fossils; monocotyledons; Montrichardia; Paleocene; systematics. Araceae is one of the most diverse monocotyledonous fami- (-124-117 milion years ago [Ma]) of Portugal (Fig. 1; Friis lies, comprising nine subfamilies, 106 genera, and -3300 spe- et al., 2004, 2006), but this age has been questioned and re- cies (Croat, 1979; French et al., 1995; Mayo et al., 1997; mains problematic (Heimhofer et al., 2007).
    [Show full text]
  • The Genus Rhaphidophora Hassk. (Araceae-Monsteroideae-Monstereae) in Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore
    Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 51 (1999) 183-256. The Genus Rhaphidophora Hassk. (Araceae-Monsteroideae-Monstereae) in Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore P.C. BOYCE Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AE, U.K. Abstract An alpha-taxonomic account of Rhaphidophora in Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore is presented as a precursor to the forthcoming Flora Malesiana Araceae treatment. Fifteen species, two newly described, R. corneri, and R. nicolsonii, are recognized. An extensive new synonymy is proposed: R. pteropoda (syn. Scindapsus pteropodus) is synonymized with R. angustata; R. celatocaulis (syn. Pothos celatocaulis), R. copelandii, R. korthalsii var. angustiloba, R. latifolia, R. maxima, R. palawanensis Furtado non Merr., R. ridleyi (syn. R. grandis Ridl. non Schott), R. tenuis, and R. trinervia with R. korthalsii; R. fluminea with R. beccarii; R. apiculata Alderw. non K. Krause with R. maingayi; R. celebica with R. minor; R. burkilliana with R. montana; R. batoensis, R. gracilipes, R. hallieri, R. kunstleri, R. megasperma, R. pilosula, and R, scortechinii with R. puberula; R. gratissima (syn. R. sylvestris var, obtusata), R. lingulata (syn. Monstera lingulata, Scindapsus lingulatus), R. motleyana, R. wrayi, and Scindapsus aruensis with R. sylvestris. Dichotomous keys to genera and species are provided. All species except R. falcata are illustrated. Contents Introduction ...................................................................................................184 History .............................. .......................................................................184
    [Show full text]
  • The European Aroid Community New Interest in the Age of Social Media Tom Croat Thomas B
    The IAS Newsletter Vol. 42 No. 4 – December, 2020 ISSN 2330-295X A Quarterly Publication for Members of the International Aroid Society Table of Contents The European Aroid Community New Interest in the Age of Social Media Tom Croat Thomas B. Croat, P. A. Schulze Curator The European Aroid Community Missouri Botanical Garden Traveling to Germany .................. Page 1 Meeting with European Aroiders . Page 2 Traveling to Germany Established Aroiders ..................... Page 7 On the 5th of September 2019 I flew to Germany on the invitation ofAlex Pollen and Pollination Experts ... Page 12 Portilla of Ecuagenera. Alex was planning an aroid sales event at the Röllke Aroid Growers ........................... Page 14 Orchideen, a greenhouse complex in Schloss Holte-Stukenbrock and wanted Aquatic Aroid Specialists ............ Page 15 me to present information on Araceae to the participants at his sale. Alex is Index to European Aroiders ....... Page 17 the company’s representative in Europe and had received good responses from people all over northern Europe and thought that it would be good to solidify Sappasiri Chaovanich & Rahul Thampi relationships with a number of new potential members for the International Thailand Best Aroid Show 2020 ... Page18 Aroid Society. I was eager to help by meeting these new European aroid enthu- siasts, talk about aroids and try to find some new young members for the IAS. Dmitry A. Loginov Easy Solution for Difficult Things did not go well from the outset with my flight to Stockholm leaving 3 Cryptocoryne Species .................. Page 20 hours late out of Washington Dulles Airport. When I arrived in Copenhagen at 10:00 AM the next day on Friday, I learned that there was a baggage han- Zach DuFran dler’s strike and that my now rescheduled connecting flight to Hannover was Mid America Chapter likely to not leave.
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Systematics and Historical Biogeography of Araceae at a Worldwide Scale and in Southeast Asia
    Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades an der Fakultät für Biologie der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Molecular systematics and historical biogeography of Araceae at a worldwide scale and in Southeast Asia Lars Nauheimer München, 2. Juli 2012 Contents Table of Contents i Preface iv Statutory Declaration (Erklärung und ehrenwörtliche Versicherung) . iv List of Publications . .v Declaration of contribution as co-author . .v Notes ........................................... vi Summary . viii Zusammenfassung . ix 1 Introduction 1 General Introduction . .2 Estimating Divergence Times . .2 Fossil calibration . .2 Historical Biogeography . .3 Ancestral area reconstruction . .3 Incorporation of fossil ranges . .4 The Araceae Family . .5 General Introduction . .5 Taxonomy . .5 Biogeography . .6 The Malay Archipelago . .7 The Genus Alocasia ...................................8 Aim of this study . .9 Color plate . 10 2 Araceae 11 Global history of the ancient monocot family Araceae inferred with models accounting for past continental positions and previous ranges based on fossils 12 Supplementary Table 1: List of accessions . 25 Supplementary Table 2: List of Araceae fossils . 34 Supplementary Table 3: Dispersal matrices for ancestral area reconstruction 40 Supplementary Table 4: Results of divergence dating . 42 Supplementary Table 5: Results of ancestral area reconstructions . 45 Supplementary Figure 1: Inferred DNA substitution rates . 57 Supplementary Figure 2: Chronogram and AAR without fossil inclusion . 58 Supplementary Figure 3: Posterior distribution of fossil constraints . 59 3 Alocasia 61 Giant taro and its relatives - A phylogeny of the large genus Alocasia (Araceae) sheds light on Miocene floristic exchange in the Malesian region . 62 Supplementary Table 1: List of accessions . 71 i CONTENTS Supplementary Table 2: Crown ages of major nodes . 74 Supplementary Table 3: Clade support, divergence time estimates and ancestral area reconstruction .
    [Show full text]
  • Durianology, Discovery, and Saltation — the Evolution of Aroids
    Gardens’ Bulletin Singapore 71(Suppl. 2):257-313. 2019 257 doi: 10.26492/gbs71(suppl. 2).2019-20 Durianology, discovery, and saltation — the evolution of aroids A. Hay Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney, Mrs Macquarie’s Road, Sydney 2000, Australia Jardín Botánico de la Paz y Flora, Bitaco, Valle del Cauca, Colombia [email protected] “If we become attentive to natural objects, particularly living ones, in such a manner as to desire to achieve an insight into the correlation of their nature and activity, we believe ourselves best able to come to such a comprehension through a division of the parts, and this method is suitable to take us very far. With but a word one may remind the friends of science of what chemistry and anatomy have contributed to an intensive and extensive view of Nature... But these analytic efforts, continued indefinitely, produce many disadvantages. The living may indeed be separated into its elements, but one cannot put these back together and revive them. This is true even of inorganic bodies, not to mention organic ones... For this reason, the urge to cognize living forms as such, to grasp their outwardly visible and tangible parts contextually, to take them as intimations of that which is inward, and so master, to some degree, the whole in an intuition, has always arisen in men of science.” — J.W. von Goethe (1749–1832) in Brady, 2012: 272. ABSTRACT. It is argued that E.J.H. Corner’s ‘durianology’ is an integrative, holistic approach to the evolution of angiosperm form which complements reductive, atomistic phylogenetic methods involving the reification of individuated high-level abstractions in the concept of morphological ‘character evolution’.
    [Show full text]