ANNUAL REPORT (2017-18)

OFFICE OF THE ADDITIONAL PRINCIPAL CHIEF CONSERVATOR OF FORESTS (SILVICULTURE), , JAIPUR C.S. Ratnasamy Principal Chief Conservator of Forests (HoFF), IFS Rajasthan gr.Eg. aËZmgm_r àYmZ _w»` dZ g§ajH (hm°\ ), amOñWmZ ^m.d.go.

FOREWORD

It gives me immense pleasure in bringing out the Annual report 2017-18 of the State Silviculture unit of Rajasthan. Research and Development (R & D) plays a crucial role in overall development of every sector. The Silviculture division of Rajasthan Forest Department undertakes research on various aspects of applied forestry in collaboration with AFRI (ICFRE), to make inputs relevant to contemporary issues of society and stakeholders. Forest department has conducted a number of research studies and has developed technologies which are relevant for use by different stake holders including forest managers, researchers, farmers etc. In addition, considerable amount of information in augmentation of natural resource planning and management of state forests have been generated, published and disseminated by the unit. The present report focuses on the outcome of diverse activities for dissemination of significant expertise acquired. The on-going projects and other various activities taken up by the Silviculture division in the year 2017-18 are being published in a concise format. I hope this document will shorten the distance between knowledge and action and facilitate transfer and dissemination of information to all stakeholders and end users. We also welcome suggestions for further improvement of this Annual Report.

C.S. Ratnasamy M.L. Meena Additional Principal Chief Conservator of Forests IFS (Silviculture) Rajasthan E_.Eb. _rZm A{V[aŠV àYmZ _w»` dZ g§ajH ^m.d.go. (dZ dY©Z) amOñWmZ

PREFACE

Silviculture wing of the State of Rajasthan is engaged in research activities and development of new methodologies in the field of forestry for various stakeholders including forest managers, researchers, farmers etc. Progress of the various activities carried out by Silviculture wing during the year 2017-18 are being published in the form of Annual Report for the benefit of stake holders. The scientists, technical personnel, administrative, finance and front line staff of the workforce have put in their best efforts in fulfilling the mandate of the Silviculture wing and also in achieving the targets set during the financial year. This report has been compiled based on the research and other activities carried out by forestry research centers of the State namely Grass Farm Nursery Campus, Jaipur, Govindpura Research Farm, Jaipur; World Forestry Arboretum, Jhalana, Jaipur; Banki Research Farm, Udaipur, Seed Testing Laboratory, Soil and WaterTesting Laboratory, Jaipur andAFRI, Jodhpur. I wish to express my sincere thanks to Sh. Mukesh kumar Tiwari,Assistant Conservator of Forests (Silviculture), Jaipur, for his active and timely help in providing the necessary inputs in the progress report . I also express my sincere appreciation of efforts made by Sh. Ashok Gupta, DCF (Research), Sh Ramavtar Dudwal Research Officer (Seed), Sh. O.P. Sharma, Research Officer (Soil &Water) and all other team members in bringing out this document within the stipulated time period. Suggestions for further improvement of thisAnnual Report are welcome.

M.L. Meena INDEX

S. No. Contents Page No.

1.Introduction 1-2

2. Administrative Setup 3

3. Research Centers & Existing infra-structure

3.1 Grass Farm Nursery campus, Jaipur. 4-5

3.2 Research Farm, Govindpura, Jaipur. 5 3.3 World Forestry Arboretum, Jhalana, Jaipur. 6 3.4 Research Farm, Banki, Udaipur 7 4. Research Activities 4.1 Research Advisory Group and Research activities 8-27 4.2 Collaborative research with AFRI 28-42 5. Other Activities 5.1 Grass Farm Nursery, Jaipur 43-44 5.2 Seed Testing Lab., Jaipur 44-47 5.3 Soil and Water Testing Lab., Jaipur 47-48 5.4 Seed Production Areas, Seed Collection & Storage 49-51 5.5 Research Farm, Govindpura, Jaipur. 51

5.6 World Forestry Arboretum, Jhalana, Jaipur. 51-52

5.7 Research Farm, Banki, Udaipur 52

6. High Tech Nurseries 6.1 High tech nursery, Grass Farm Nursery, Jaipur 53-54

6.2 High tech nursery, Banki Research Farm, Banki , Udaipur 55

7.Miscellaneous 56-64 Annual Report 2017-18

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Rajasthan is the largest state of the country, 4.84% of the State’s GeographicalArea . having a geographic area of 3,42,239 sq. km. 1.3 The estimated cover in the state is 8,266 km2 which constitutes 10.41% area of the country. which is 2.42% of its geographical area. The The State can be divided into four major forest and tree cover of the state is presented in physiographic regions namely the western Table 1.3.1 desert with barren hills; the Aravalli hills; the eastern level rocky/sandy plains and the south- Table 1.3.1: Forest and Tree Cover of Rajasthan eastern plateau. Aravalli hill range divides the (Area in km 2) state in two unequal parts. Though the entire Category Area % of Geographical Area state falls under Arid and Semi arid zone yet the Tree Cover 8,266 2.42 area North-West of the Aravalli range Forest Cover 16,572 4.84 comprising of 12 districts viz. Jodhpur, Total Forest and Tree Cover 24,838 7.26 Jaisalmer, Barmer, Pali, Jalore, , Churu, Source: State of Forest Report 2017 (FSI) Jhunjhunu, , , Hanumangarh and Ganganagar comprises the and is The State forest policy envisages to increase the around 2/3 of the area of the state. total forest and tree cover to 20% of the 1.2 The State is deficient in natural forest resource. geographical area of the State. This would need The recorded forest area of the state is 32828.37 intensive inputs in the field of forestry research km2 which is 9.59% of the state's geographical by way of enhancing productivity of forest and area. Forest Survey of India has recently increasing tree cover outside forest areas. published the State of Forest Report, 2017. As 1.4 Reasons for change detected in Indian State of per the report, based on interpretation of Forest Report 2017 assessment can be attributed satellite data pertaining to Oct.-Dec., 2015, the to plantations, regeneration of fast growing forest cover in the state is 16572 Km2 which is and conservation effects.

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1.5 Forestry in Rajasthan is a challenging task wastelands need different technologies wherein because of the inhospitable climatic and edaphic concerted research inputs are essential. There is, conditions coupled with severe biotic pressure therefore, an urgent need for taking up applied and ever increasing demand and supply gaps in and adaptive nature of research, which aims forest products. Majority of tribal and other rural toward the enhancing productivity and communities living in an around forest areas promoting sustainable utilization of forest depend on forests for their livelihood and produce. The research projects should address to sustenance. Eleven districts of Rajasthan namely promote forestry & allied research in response to Alwar, Banswara, Baran, Bundi, Chittorgarh, the requirements of all stakeholders for Dholpur, Jhalawar, Karauli, Kota, Sirohi and quality, productivity and cost effectiveness Udaipur have more than 20% area under forest. in the implementation of the State Forest Policy, The primary focus of these forests shall be 2010. conservation and protection that needs to be 1.7 To give direction to the Research activities as per strengthened by mobilization of man and the requirement of the department and material resources. Twelve districts namely stakeholders, a Research Advisory Group , Bharatpur, Bhilwara, Dausa, Dungarpur, (RAG) was constituted in the year 2005-2006. Ganganagar, Jaipur, Jhunjhunu, Pali, The mandate of the RAG is to discuss the Rajsamand, Sikar and Sawaimadhopur are research needs of different stakeholders, having 5 to 20 % forest area. Apart from prioritize and approve the proposed Research increasing forest area in these districts, eco- Projects on the basis of their utility and to review restoration and afforestation is required to the ongoing research projects. Strategy of Forest increase outside forests (TOF) on Research as listed in Rajasthan State Forest wastelands under Government, community and Policy, 2010 is identification of problem for private ownership. The remaining nine districts research and their prioritization through periodic namely Barmer, Bikaner, Churu, Hanumangarh, dialogue among all stakeholders like managers, Jaisalmer, Jalore, Jodhpur, Nagaur and Tonk NGOs, industries and even villagers before have less than 5 % forest area and hence vegetal getting them approved by Research Advisory cover need to be enhanced by taking up Groups (RAG). Applied and adaptive nature of Combating desertification programmes and research will be given priority by the department. promoting agroforestry for increasing the tree Collaborative research shall be encouraged with cover outside forest. reputed forestry research institutions. The 1.6 Alarge area in Rajasthan has been categorized as technologies and management practices wasteland having very poor or low productivity. developed by other national and international There is, therefore, tremendous scope for taking research organization relevant to Rajasthan will up large scale plantations in the State. These be tested and adopted.

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2. ADMINISTRATIVE SETUP

2.1 The Additional Principal Chief Conservator of Dy. Conservator of Forests (Research), One Forests, Silviculture, Rajasthan, Jaipur is State Asstt. Conservator of Forest, Two Research Silviculturist and overall in charge of all Officers and five Range Forest Officers. forestry research activities in the State 2.2 Designation and name of the officers and Forest Department. State Silviculturist is their work tenure for the year 2017-18 are as assisted by one Conservator of Forests, one below:

S.No Designation Name of the Officer Work Tenure

1 Additional Principal Chief Conservator of Forests Smt. Shruti Sharma 01.04.17 - 31.03.18 2 Conservator of Forest Vacant 01.04.2017-31.03.18 3 Dy. Conservator of Forest Sh. O.P. Chaudhary 01.04.17 - 20.03.18 Sh. Ashok Gupta 21.03.18-31.03.18 4 Asstt. Conservator of Forest Sh. Mukesh Tiwari 16.06.17 - 31.03.18 5 Research Officer (Seed) Sh. Sanjay Kaushik 01.04.17 - 31.03.18 6 Research Officer (Soil & Water) Sh. O.P. Sharma 01.04.17 - 31.03.18 7 Range Forest Officer Sh. Jitendra Singh Naruka 01.04.17 - 31.03.18 (Grass Farm Nursery, Jaipur) 8 Range Forest Officer Sh. Ram lal kala 01.04.17 - 31.03.18 (Seed Collection & Storage) 9 Range Forest Officer Sh. Surendra Singh 01.04.17 - 31.01.18

(Research Farm, Govindpura, Jaipur) Sh. Ram lal kala(Addl.Charge) 01.02.17 - 31.03.18 10 Range Forest Officer Sh. Rajpal Sharma 01.04.17 - 31.03.18 (World Forestry Arboretum, Jaipur) 11 Range Forest Officer Sh. Umesh Kumar Bansal 01.04.17 - 31.03.18 (Research Farm, Banki, Udaipur)

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3. RESEARCH CENTERS & EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE

There are four Forestry Research Centers in the • raising is one of the major activities of State:- Grass Farm Nursery. High-quality seedlings of 3.1 Grass Farm Nursery Campus, Jaipur more than 57 species are being raised and 3.2 Research Farm, Govindpura, Jaipur distributed to people farmers and institutions. 3.3 World ForestryArboretum, Jhalana, Jaipur • The nursery has state of art technology that includes Poly house, Agrinet house, Plant 3.4 Research Farm, Banki, Udaipur conservatory, and Vermicompostunit. 3.1 Grass Farm Nursery Campus, Jaipur: • 1.7 Km. long nature trail gives a glimpse of bio- The land popularly known as Grass Farm diversity of the Research Farm. The area has got Nursery is a part of Reserved Forest (RF) named unique bio-diversity. According to a rapid “Beed Grass Farm, Khatipura Nursery and Forest Research” having an area of 27.72 Ha survey the area has about 240 species of flora, (68.50 Acres) as per preliminary notification 22 species of insects, 102 species of birds and 13 issued on March 18, 1993 and published in species of mammals. The area can be called Rajasthan Gazette dated February 18, 1994. Peacock Conservation site also as large numbers of glamorous PeafowlPavo cristatus , also known as the Indian Peafowl, National Bird, are present here and the area is an excellent habitat for their breeding. • Repository ofCenchrus ciliaris (Dhaman grass) is perhaps the biggest attribute of this area. • Dhaman grass is growing profusely here and is an important breeding and ambush habitat for juveniles of peafowl, ground nesting avifauna View of Grass Farm Nursery, Jaipur like partridges, lapwings, quails, curlews, sand grouse, larks etc; mammals like wild hare,

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mongoose, mole rat and several species of B. Soil & Water Testing Laboratory: reptiles. Samples of soil and water received from • Presence of 8 species of raptors (birds of prey) individuals, Farmers, institutions as well belonging to family Accipitridae and Strigidae as forest divisions are analyzed for PH and indicate the high biodiversity index of the area. EC. The report is forwarded with advice for planting of appropriate plant species. • Existing Infrastructure at Grass Farm Soil samples of sites on which research jaipur experiments to be conducted are also 1. Office of the Additional Principal Chief analyzed here. Conservator of Forests, Silviculture 3.2 Research Farm Govindpura, Jaipur 2. Range Office Govinpura Research Farm spreads over an area 3. Traditional Nursery with a capacity to of 161 Ha. and has a legal status of Reserved raise 4 to 5 lakh Forest. The activities related to tree improvement 4. Hi-Tech Nursery having Agrinet house with a capacity to raise 1.00 lakh plants 5. Seed testing laboratory 6. Soil and water testing laboratory 7. Vermicompostunit 8. Resource Centre cum Library 9. Forest Rest House A. Seed Testing Laboratory: Seed sample received from various forest divisions are tested for germination percentage and other physical parameters. Experiments View of Research Farm Govindpura, Jaipur on seed germination of various species are carried out here. programme ofAzadiracta indica , Dalbergia sissooand Ailanthus excelsa etc. are going on here. 14 Clonal Seed Orchards (C.S.Os), 9 Seedling Seed Orchards (S.S.Os) and 5 other plots (Provenance and International provenance ofAzadiracta indica ) are being maintained and growth data are being recorded. Existing Infrastructure: 1. Range Office 2. Demonstration Plots 3. Research Hall 4. VermicompostUnit Seed Lab at Grass Farm Nursery, Jaipur 5. Nursery for raising seedlings

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3.3 World ForestryArboretum, Jaipur 10. Bambusetum The World Forestry Arboretum is a biodiversity 11. Ethnomedicinal plant garden conservation site. It caters to the needs of 12. Panchwati research, education and recreation. It was 13. Clonal orchard of Commiphora wightii established in the year 1986 over an area of 145 Ha. at the foot hills of Jhalana Doongri. In the 14. Vermicompostunit year 1989, the area of the Arboretum was 15. Forest food park increased by adding adjoining 35 Ha. Area Salient Features ofAmrita Devi Udhyan dedicated to the martyrdom ofAmrita Devi who 1. Commemoration of Martyrs protested against the Maharaja's men who were attempting to cut greenProsopis cineraria trees 2. Children's Park and named asAmrita Devi Udyan. 3. Resting points (Jhonpas )

View of World Forestry Arboretum, Jaipur

Salient Features ofArboretum: 4. OpenAir Theatre 1. Flora ofAravallis 5. Plant Conservatory 2. WorldAssembly of Plants 6. VegetationMap of Rajasthan 3. Cacti Park Existing Infrastructure: 4. Bougainvillea Garden 1. Range Office 5. Palm House. 2. Green House 6. Green House. 3. Red House 7. Herbal Garden 4. Plant Conservatory 8. Jhalana Ridge Wood Nature Trail 5. Nursery for raising seedlings 9. Red House 6. Vermicompostunit

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3.4 Research Farm Banki, Udaipur Cymbopogon flexuosus, Celastrus paniculatus, This Research farm spread over an area of 140 Nyctanthes arbortristis, Putranjiva roxburghii, Ha. is situated near Sisarama village of Udaipur. This Argyreia nervosa, Aegle marmelos, Abrus centre is also undertaking research related to precatorius, Asparagus racemosus, Terminalia medicinal plants. Medicinal plants of more than 27 bellirica,Vitex negundo, Piper longum , Bryophyllum species are being raised for distribution to different pinnatum, Diospyrous Montana, Commiphora stakeholders like Forest Department, Universities wightii, Aloe vera, Rauvolfia serpentine etc. (Ayurved & universities), farmers & other Existing Infrastructure: institutions like NGOs for plantation on government, 1. Range Office community and private land. 2. Nursery for raising seedlings. The species propagated on the site include 3. High Tech Nursery Ocimum sanctum, Acacia sinuata, Gymnema sylvestre, Adhatoda vasica, Phyllanthus emblica, 4. VermicompostUnit Stereospermum suaveolens, Bixa orellana, Oroxylum 5. WatchTower indicum, Bauhinia racemosa, Sapindus emarginatus, 6. Sample Plot of Medicinal Plants

Nursery at Banki Research Farm, Udaipur

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4. RESEARCH ACTIVITIES

4.1 Research Advisory Group: A Research basis of their utility and to review the progress of Advisory Group (RAG) was constituted in the year ongoing research projects. This year's Research 2005-2006 to give direction to the applied and Advisory Group (RAG) meeting was held on June 23, adaptive research activities in accordance with the 2017 at Forest Research Institute, Jaipur under the requirement of the forest department and chairmanship of shAnil kumar Goyal (IFS), Principal stakeholders. The mandate of the RAG is to discuss Chief Conservator of Forests (HOFF), Rajasthan, the research needs of different stakeholders, prioritize Jaipur. Following officers participated in the and approve the proposed research projects on the meeting:

RAG Meeting at State Forestry Training Institute, Jaipur

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1. Sh.A.K. Goel (IFS), Principal Chief Conservator of Forests (HoFF), Rajasthan, Jaipur. 2. Sh. D.P.Sharma (IFS), Director, Forestry Training Institute, Jaipur, Rajasthan. 3. Sh. C.S Ratnasamy (IFS), Principal Chief Conservator of Forests (WP&FS), Jaipur. 4. Dr. Suresh Chandra (IFS),Additional Principal Chief Conservator of Forests (Dev.), Jaipur. 5. Sh. N. K Vasu(IFS), DirectorAFRI, Jodhpur 6. Sh. N C Jain (IFS),Additional Principal Chief Conservator of Forests (WP&FS), Jaipur. 7. Sh. O P singh (IFS),Additional Principal Chief Conservator of Forests (M & E), Jaipur. 8. Smt. Shruti Sharma (IFS), Member Secretary & Additional Principal Chief Conservator of Forests (Silviculture), Rajasthan 9. Sh. M L Meena (IFS), Additional Principal Chief Conservator of Forests (Project Formulation & Coordination), Jaipur, Rajasthan. 10. Sh. D.N. Pandey (IFS), Additional Principal Chief Conservator of Forests (soil conservation), Jaipur, Rajasthan. 11. Sh. R.K. Goyal (IFS), Project Director, RFBPPhase II, Jaipur, Rajasthan. 12. SH.Arindam Tomar , Chief Conservator of Forests (WL), Jaipur 13. Dr Sudhakar Mishra, Retd. Professor, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 14. Sh.Ambuj Kishore, Executive Director,ARAVALI,HCM-RIPA(OTS), J.L.N. Marg, Jaipur 15. Sh.Aman Singh, Chief Coordination, KRAPAVIS,Alwar 16. Sh. Sundaram Verma,Progressive Farmer, Village: Danta, Dist: Sikar, Rajasthan 17. Sh. O PChoudhary, Deputy Conservator of Forests (Research) Jaipur, Rajasthan 18. Dr. RanjanaArya, (Scientist G),AFRI, Jodhpur 19. Dr. G. Singh, (Scientist F),AFRI, Jodhpur 20. Dr. U.K. Tomar, (Scientist F),AFRI, Jodhpur 21. Dr. Bilas Singh, (Scientist B),AFRI, Jodhpur 22. Dr. Soummana Dutta,Associate Professor, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 23. Sh. Kaushal saxena, Deputy Conservator of Forests FTI, Jaipur, Rajasthan 24. Sh. Naresh sharma,ACF,FTI, Jaipur 25. Sh. Mukesh Tiwari,ACF,Silviculture, Jaipur, Rajasthan 26. Sh. O.PSharma Research Officer (Soil &Water), Jaipur, Rajasthan 27. Sh. Sanjay Kaushik, Research Officer (Seed), Jaipur, Rajasthan 28. Sh. Umesh Kumar Bansal, Range Officer, Banki Research Farm, Udaipur, Rajasthan 29. Sh. Surendra Singh, Range Officer, Govindpura Research Farm, Jaipur 30. Sh. Gulab Chand Sharma, Forester, Grass Farm Nursery, Khatipura, Jaipur 31. Sh. Lalit Paliwal,Assistant Forester, Banki Research Farm,Udaipur.

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4.1.1 In ResearchAdvisory Group meeting following new projects were proposed and approved:

S.No. Location of study Name of Experiment 1. World Forestry Arboretum, Jaipur Establishment of a Forest Food Park 2 World Forestry Arboretum, Jaipur Forest Foods Festival 3 Banki Research Farm, Udaipur Raising the plants of Mallotus philippensis 4 Banki Research Farm, Udaipur To study the different methods of Lantana species eradication 5 Banki Research Farm, Udaipur Raising of plants of Ficus species by seeds 6 World Forestry Arboretum Jaipur/ Tall tree raising of native/ lesser known plants of Banki Research Farm, Udaipur/ Rajasthan Govindpura Research Farm,Jaipur/grass farm Jaipur 7 Banki Research Farm, Udaipur Development of state trees of India plot 8 Workshop at Jaipur To disseminate research findings pertaining to dry land afforestation and to indentify research gaps

4.1.2 Following old study/activities were reviewed in RAG meeting dated 23-06-17:

S.No. Location of study Name of Experiment 1 World Forestry Arboretum, Jaipur Development of nature trail 2 World Forestry Arboretum, Jaipur Status Assessment, Vegetative propagation and re-introduction of Ephedra foliata (Unth Phog) 3 World Forestry Arboretum, Jaipur Construction of Red house for rare, endangered and threatened (RET) plant species. 4 World Forestry Arboretum Jaipur/ Creation of Bambusetum Banki Research Farm, Udaipur 5 World Forestry Arboretum, Jaipur Creation of Ethno Medicinal Plant Garden 6 World Forestry Arboretum, Jaipur Tree Talks: An awareness programme for stakeholders 7 Banki Research Farm, Udaipur Provenance trial of Jatropha curcas 8 Banki Research Farm, Udaipur Raising of plants of Tectona grandis by seed 9 Banki Research Farm, Udaipur Study of Irrigation economy in certain species by using sub-terrential irrigation method 10 Banki Research Farm, Udaipur To study the effect of IBA and IAA on vegetative propagation of Gymnema sylvestre (Gurmar) 11 Govindpura Research Farm,Jaipur To set up experimental plot of cineraria in Govindpura Research Farm 12 Govindpura Research Farm,Jaipur To set up experimental plot of Acacia jacquemontii in Govindpura Research Farm

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4.1.3 Following collaborative research study/activities with AFRI, Jodhpur were reviewed in RAG meeting dated 23-06-2017: S.No. Title of Project 1. Phytoremediation of soil for productivity enhancement during land disposal of effluent. 2. Productivity enhancement ofCapparis decidua (Kair) to generate livelihood in rural area of Thar Desert 3. Documentation of important research findings and technologies for application to forestry in Rajasthan 4. Development of Nursery Manual for Forest Tree Species of Rajasthan 5. Study on the effects of tree on soil fertility and crop production in Rajasthan 4.1.4 Progress of Research Projects / Activities Approved in RAG:

4.1.4.1. Creation of Ethno Medicinal Plant Garden at World ForestryArboretum, Jaipur. The ethno medicinal plant garden is aknowledge park that provides a visual introduction of several species of medicinal plants from various agro-climatic zones that are used by the indigenous traditional system of medicine.Aspecial effort has been made to collect and grow plants from different agro-climatic zones.

Ethnomedicinal Garden at World Forestry Arboretum, Jaipur

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Progress upto 17-18 • Procurement of different species of plants with Following work was carried out for creation of medicinal value. ethno medicinal plant garden: • Planting of the same species in cluster for • Lay out of Garden and layout of beds for display. • planting species of ethno medicinal value Interpretation programme organized for students and forest trainees. • Landscaping of the area. • Display of planted species with appropriate • Construction of brick masonry beds for signage. planting. • Regular maintenance of the garden. • Drip irrigation system developed for the area. • Progress of species observed. PROJECT- CONCLUDED

Visitors at Ethno Medicinal Plant Garden Checklist of Plants

Ethno Medicinal Plant Garden

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List of plant species displayed at Ethnomedicinal Garden S.No. Local Name Name of species Family 1 Akash NeemMillingtonia hortensis 2 AkolAlangium salviifolium Cornaceae 3 BansDendrocalamus strictus Gramineae 4 Beeja SalPterocarpus marsupium 5 Bhumi AmlaPhyllanthus niruri Phyllanthaceae 6 DaturaDatura stramonium Solanaceae 7 DudhiHolarrhena pubescens Apocynaceae 8 Gada PalashErythrina suberosa Fabaceae 9 GiloyTinospora cordifolia Menispermaceae 10 GudmarGymnema sylvestre Apocynacea 11 HarsingarNyctanthes arbor-tristis Oleaceae 12 HingotBalanites aegyptiaca Zygophyllaceae 13 Jungli GulabRosa rubiginosa Rosaceae 14 KalmeghAndrographis paniulata Acanthaceae 15 Kalp VrikshAdansonia digitata Malvaceae 16 KarondaCarissa carandas Apocynaceae 17 KasniCichorium intybus Asteraceae 18 Kat SagwanPterospermum acerifolium Malvaceae 19 KewdaPandanus odorifer Pandanales 20 LajwantiMimosa pudica Linn. Mimosoideae 21 Lal ImliTerminalia indica Fabaceae 22 Lemon GrassCymbopogon flexuosus Poaceae 23 Mal KangniCelastrus paniculatus Celastraceae 24 MaruwaEleusine coracana Poaceae 25 Meetha NeemMurraya koenigii Rutaceae 26 MulethiGlycyrrhiza glabra Fabaceae 27 MehndiLawsonia inermis Lythraceae 28 NeemAzadirachta indica Meliaceae 29 NirgundiVitex negundo Lamiaceae 30 Pahadi PipalFicus arnottiana Moraceae 31 RamphalAnnona reticulata Annonaceae 32 Safed AakCalotropis gigantea Apocynaceae 33 SalarBoswellia serrata Burseraceae 34 SarpgandhaRauvolfia serpentina Apocynaceae 35 ShatawariAsparagus racemosus Asparagaceae 36 ShikakaiAcacia concinna Fabaceae 37 Sita falAnnona squamosa Annonaceae 38 SonamukhiCassia augustifolia Fabaceae 39 SudarshanCrinum latifolium Amaryllidaceae 40 TulsiOcimum sanctum Lamiaceae 41 Water LilyNymphaea alba Nymphaeaceae

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4.1.4.2 Tree Talks: An awareness programme for stakeholders Introduction: Tree Talks is an interactive, science-based program basically for students. These programs shall be facilitated by academecians and naturalists. This unique forest education program is aimed basically for students. as well as for prominent organizers coming from Colleges, Universities, Forest Department, Forest Training Schools and members of civil society. program gives an overview of forest , management practices and forest product use.

Process: Trained facilitators came in an open • Tree Growth / Structure of a Tree classroom for presentation and hands-on activities • Conservation & Forest Management to enhance learning. The theme of the presentation • A multicolored hand book & CD on Flora & focuses on the biological processes of trees and Fauna of World Forestry Arboretum, Jaipur has forests. Topics included: been published for ready reference for • Tree Classification / Identification stakeholders/students/botanist/ researchers which helped them to identify the flora & fauna • Benefits of Trees of the arboretum. • Renewability / Reforestation

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DETAILS OF TREE TALK PROGRAMMES (2017-18) S.No. Name of institution No of No. of Theme Tree species of programmes participants tree talk 1 Local people/visitors 1 25 Benefits of Trees Senjana 2 Forest Trainees 1 10 Reforestation Kainth 2 School students 7 493 Identification & Neem,Khejri, Rohida Benefits of Trees Kainth,Peepal, Banyan, Senjana 3 College students 2 145 Conservation Rohida, khejri of Forest 4 University students 1 35 Conservation khejri of Forest Total 12 708 4 topics 7 Species

4.1.4.3 Establishment of a Forest Food Park, at knowledge of their importance and traditional uses. World ForestryArboretum, Jaipur Rajasthan region boasts a tremendous Introduction: diversity of plant, the forests are source for many of Forest Food Park is a Park that provides a visual the local ethnic communities. There is a need to create introduction of several species of plants that are used as awareness among the public about the importance of food in indigenous traditional system. Forest Food Park our traditional food heritage and importance of plants reflects the long standing tradition of conserving and and their conservation.Aspecial effort will be made to using plants products for health care and cooking. collect and grow plants from different bio- Some 80% of the world's people use herbs as the main geographical regions. form of plants from herbal market. But while herbal plants are in demand, the food traditions and culture associated with them are fading. Making a Food Park is an opportunity to grow plants for use and spreading

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Objectives: 2. Cleaning and removal of weeds. • To promote ex-situ conservation of forest food 3. Lay out and landscaping. plants biodiversity. 4. Pathway in the food park with curb stone and • To develop a multi-disciplinary databases on cement tiles. forest food plants. 5. Laying of Irrigation System. • To educate, encourage and promote the concept 6. Identification of different species. of traditional knowledge of these plants to all 7. Procurement of 16 different species of forest stakeholders food plants. • Provide an opportunity to identify different 8. Planting of the same species in cluster form. types of food items made by these plants and be aware of their uses in food and in traditional 9. Display of Main board. system. List of the species planted • To popularise use of local medicinal plants and S.No. Species Scientific Name Family Indian system of medicine. • To develop and standardize the value addition of 1 SitafalAnnona squamosa Annonaceae these plants. 2 BerZiziphus jujuba Rhamnaceae • To develop a gene-pool of these indigenous 3 AnjirFicus carica moraceae plant species. Methodology: 4 KatahalArtocarpus heterophyllus moraceae The methodology for establishment of Forest 5 KachanarBauhinia variegata Fabaceae Food Park involved preparation of land, fencing, 6 RamfalAnnona reticuleta Annonaceae landscaping, collection and planting of food plants, development of irrigation and lighting facilities and 7 BelpatraAegle marmelos Rutaceae development of propagation protocol. In all 100 herb/ 8 Kainthferonia limonia Rutaceae plants species will be introduced. People belonging to various backgrounds, professionals, Teachers, 9 Jangal JalebiPithecellobium dulce Fabaceae Students, Researchers, Herbal healer of various age 10 AmrudPsidium guajava Myrtaceae groups are already visiting the World Forestry Arboretum, Jaipur. The basic information about the 11 AnarPunica granatum Punicaceae food plants will be made available to them on the spot. 12 NimbooCitrus aurantiifolia Rutaceae Progress during 2017-18 13 Peelu jalSalvadora oleoides Salvadoraceae The area has been fenced with mesh wired fencing.Area of the park is 0.34 hect.16 forest species 14 KhajurPhoenix sylvestri Arecaceae have been planted. Main board of the park has been 15 SehjanaMoringa oleifera Vitaceae fixed. J Following work has been done this year 16 amunSyzygium cumini Myrtaceae 1. Fencing of area. More species from proposed list will be planted during 2018-19

16 Annual Report 2017-18

4.1.4.4 Experimental plot ofAcacia jacquemontii in Material and Methodology: Research Farm Govindpura. An experimental plot of Acacia jacquemontti Introduction: Acacia jacquemontti Benth is a has been set up. Plants were planted at 3m X 3m and member of Fabaceae, locally called as Bhu-banwali, 4m X 4m spacing to do a comparative study of growth Raati-banwali (Red colored) Baonli or Bhunwali. It is parameters. a rigid xerophytic shrub or small tree upto 2.5m high. Progress during year 2017-18: It has characteristic stiff, smooth, brown, zig-zag Following works were carried out for setting up branches.Acacia jacquemontti is a multipurpose tree an experimental plot. suitable for stabilization of sand dunes, agro-forestry, social forestry and every part of plant is used for • Watering and Weeding hoeing, interlacing of myriads of purpose by tribes and communities of Thar barbed wire fencing. Desert. • Planting of 100 plants by departmental Objective: To set up an experimental plot of technique in poly bags at the spacing of 3x3 mt. Acacia jacquemontti with planting at 3m X 3m and • seed sowing in 100 pits at the spacing of 3x3 mt. 4m X 4m spacing to do a comparative study of growth • Planting of 100 plants at the spacing of 4x4 mt. parameters.

Observation: Survival percentage and height of the plants, planted by different technology in the research plots have been recorded this year and final findings results are as follows:- S.No. Method of planting Spacing No of plants Avg. Height of Survival Other planted plant (cm) % observations 1. Planting by departmental 3mx3m 100 53.33. 42.86 F technique (poly bags) 2. Planting by departmental 4mx4m 100 61.91 55.80 F technique (poly bags) 3 Planting by direct seed 3mx3m 100 37.07 32.90 NF sowing departmental technique

N=Not favourable F= Favourable

17 Annual Report 2017-18

Project- Concluded 1. The land has been ploughed and Khejri seeds Conclusion: Planting by departmental soaked overnight sown. technique (poly bags) in 4Mx4M spacing has given 2. Brick Planting: Plants have been prepared in best result. brick blocks using organic manure. 4.1.4.5 Experimental plot ofProsopis cineraria in 3. Plants have been prepared by sowing seeds in Research Farm Govindpura. polybags. Introduction: locally A comparative study will be made to assess the known as Khejri in rajasthan is a species of family, best method of raising Khejri plants. Fabaceae. It is the state tree of Rajasthan. Prosopis Progress during year up to 2017-18 cineraria is a small tree, ranging in height from 3- Following works were carried out for setting up 5m. Leaves are bipinnate, with 7-14 leaflets on each an experimental plot. of 1-3 pinnae. Branches are thorned along the inter • Interlacing of barbed wire fencing has been nodes. TheProsopis cineraria is a good fuel source done in 1 Hectare area. and provides excellent charcoal plus firewood, • Cattle guard hut in the area have been partially fodder, green manure and goat-proof thorny fences. repaired. The leaves, called “Loong” and pods are consumed • 100 plants have been planted at the spacing 3m by livestock and are beneficial forage. In Rajasthan, X 3m by departmental method. Khejri fruits or pods are locally called sangar or • 200 plants planted by Sundaram technique, 100 sangri. The dried pods locally called Kho-Kha are plants by planting in 3x3 spacing and 100 by eaten. Dried pods also form rich animal feed, which direct seed sowing. The area has been is liked by all livestock. Green pods also form rich ploughed thoroughly for planting and seed animal feed, Many Rajasthan families use the green sowing. and unripe pods (sangri) in preparation of curries and • 100 plants have been planted by brick method at pickles. the spacing 3m X 3m Objective: To set up an experimental plot of • 50 thornless plants have been planted at the Prosopis cineraria with planting at 3m X 3m and 4m spacing 3m X 3m by departmental method. X 4m spacing to do a comparative study of growth • Watering and weeding hoeing has been done. parameters. Observations: Material and Methodology: Survival percentage and height of the plants, An experimental plot ofProsopis cineraria has planted by different technology in the research plots been set up. The following three treatments have have been recorded this year and final findings results been given: are as follows:-

18 Annual Report 2017-18

S.No. Code Method of Spacing No of plants Avg. Height of Survival Other planting planted plant (cm) % observations

1. A Planting bydepartmental 3mx3m 100 30.42cm 75.13 F technique (poly bags) 2 B Planting by Brick 3mx3m 100 34.47 61.50 F method technique

3 C Planting by direct seed 3mx3m 100 25.29 38.75 NF sowing departmental technique

4 D Planting by direct seed 3mx3m 100 25.38 26.92 NF sowing Sundaram method technique

5 E Planting (poly bags) 3mx3m 100 30.85 46.67 NF Sundaram method technique

6 F Planting by departmental 3mx3m 50 19.64 27.45 NF technique (poly bags)/ thorn less N=Not favourable F= Favourable

Project- Concluded Conclusion: Planting by departmental technique (in poly bags) gives best result

80 70 60 50 AVG.HT 40 SURVIVAL 30 Column1 20 10 0 oils and dairy products. The red powder from the ABCDEF fruits constitutes the Kamela dye of commerce. Bark contains tannin. Leaves used as fodder and Beedi 4.1.4.6 Raising the plants of Mallotus philippensis wrappers. In pharmacy kamala is used as anthelmintic at Banki Research Farm, Udaipur. and an extract of kamala in hexa chlorethane may be Introduction: Mallotus philippensis, locally useful in treating liver fluke in cattle. Kamala is also calledKamala, family Euphorbiaceaea small to known to affect the fertility of animal and man. All medium-sized monoecious tree, up to 25 m tall and parts of the tree can be applied externally to treat with a bole up to 50 cm in diameter. Since parasitic infections of the skin. The fruits and bark generations, it is in use as medicinal tree in India. have been reported to be used medicinally to treat Kamala also serves as a preservative for vegetable stomach ulcers and tape worm.

19 Annual Report 2017-18

Material and Methodology: 3. Germination percent of the seeds was 59 % 1. Fresh seeds ofMallotus philippensis collected almost nil mortality was found in seedlings after from Jhadol forest area and plants raised in germination . Nursery. Seeds ofMallotus phillippensis were 4. 1000 plants were shifted from root-trainer to collected from natural trees from Gogunda area polythene bags for further growth and in Feb-Mar. development. 2. Fresh collected seeds sown in root-trainer tray and 5. In rainy season these plants will be used for kept in poly house for germination. planting in forest area.

Progress 2017-18 Month of seed Place of collection Date of Duration of germination collection / source Seed Sowing April, 2017 Private farm in village 15.4.17 25.4.17 Khakdi, (Gogunda, to Jaswantgarh, road side) 1.5.17

Germination % Height of plant in No. Plants other observation/ March 2018 raised difficulties 59 40 - 50cm 1000 5-10% plants morality after transplanting in poly bags

4.1.4.7 To study the different methods of Lantana Objectives: species eradication 1. To study the different methods of Lantana Introduction: Invasion of invaluable forest eradication. land by the exotic invasive alien species like Lantana 2. To check the methods ofLantana spreading in decimates indigenous floral biodiversity and is a the field. major cause of wild forest fires that adversely affect Methodology: Lantana species is the strong the environment and ecology of the natural forest and light demander species. An attempt will be made to there is an urgent need to develop Lantana provide shade to Lantana biomass to facilitate its eradication technique. eradication by two methods mentioned below. 1. By planting of large canopy tall plants of height eight to ten feet between the Lantana bushes. 2. By providing the shade of agronet upon Lantana species.

20 Annual Report 2017-18

Observation • Drying ofLantana is rapid in Tirpal (canvas) • Number of shades provided forLantana -5 thanAgrinet (3Agrinet +2 Tirpal of canvas) • In the month of March 2018Lantana bushes covered with shades were completely dried. • Area of oneAgrinet/Tirpall-50 sq.mts Conclusion • Month when shades provided forLantana – October 2017 • Shades provided to lantana gives drying of this bush. • Month when drying of lantana started– November 2017 • Lantana species is a light demander; there is a need to plant large canopy tall plants in the • Drying ofLantana first started in Tirpal Lantana infestation areas (canvas)

4.1.4.8 Raising of plants of Ficus species by seeds be collected from local areas and plants will be raised Banki Research Farm, Udaipur in nursery. Introduction: Ficus species are very important 1. In the month of May & June fresh and ripen from ecological point of view and there is a acute fruits/seeds of the Ficus species were shortage of these trees in the flora vegetation. So collected, after treatment of seeds, they have been sown in root trainers. there is a urgent need to increase the number of Ficus 2. Root trainers were kept in poly house for species trees, as these trees has long life and bigger preparation of seedlings. canopy. These trees also provide shelter and habitat 3. 70-80 percent germination found in root- to large number of faunal species. trainers. Material and methodology: Fresh seeds of Ficus In the month of February prepared seedlings benghalensis, Ficus relegiosa , Ficus racemosa will were shifted to polythene bags.

21 Annual Report 2017-18

Progress 2017-18 S.No. Name of Species Month of seed Place/ source of Date of Duration of collection seed collection Seed sowing germination 1Ficus benghalensis May, 17 Doodh Talai June 7.8.17 to 17.6.17 15.09.17 2Ficus religiosa May, 17 Gulab bag June 12.8.17 to 17.6.17 30.09.17 3Ficus racemosa June, 17 Banki research farm June 5.7.17 to 17.6.17 10.09.17

S.No. Name of Spp. Germination Month of Avg.Ht. in No. of Other observations % Trans- April 2018 Plants /difficulties planting (cm) raised 1Ficus benghalensis 80 Feb. 18 32 2000 20% Plant morality after transplanting in poly bags 2Ficus religiosa 80 Feb. 18 37 2000 35% plant morality after transplanting 3Ficus racemosa 70 Feb. 18 33 1000 15% plant morality after transplanting

The raised plants will be distributed to Objectives: Rajasthan Forest Department for planting in forest 1. To create awareness among masses regarding areas free of cost for regular plantations. All record the different state trees of India and their conservation. keeping will be done for future observations. The 2. To provide basic information regarding the remaining plants will be given /distributed, as per value of different trees of India. rules & regulations of the forest department. Methodology & Progress 2017-18 4.1.4.9 Development of state trees of India 1. The sample plot of appropriate size is developed and fenced for the planting of state plot: Banki Research Farm, Udaipur trees of India. Introduction: 2. Plot marked for planting states of tress, cleared from weeds, bushes. Every state of India has declared its own state 3. Plot fenced with angle iron and chain link tree according to importance of that tree in the fencing for protection of plants ecology of area. 4. Suitable state tree Plants have been planted in the month of November to February 2018

22 Annual Report 2017-18

Progress of the project 2017-18 S.N Name of the Botanical name Name of the State Month of Height of the Species Planting plants (cm) local name in March, 2018 1 Sandal woodSantalum album Karnataka November, 2017 150 2 NeemAzadirachta indica Andhra Pradesh January, 2018 180 3 Beel patra Aegle marmelos PuducherryJanuary, 2018 145 4 CoconutCocos nucifera Goa, KeralaJanuary, 2018 130 5 KhejriProsopis cineraria Rajasthan,January, 2018 60 Telangana 6 BadFicus benghalensis GujaratJanuary, 2018 150 Madhya Pradesh 7 PeepalFicus religiosa Bihar, HaryanaJanuary, 2018 150 8 MangoMangifera indica MaharashtraNovember, 2017 155 9 GularFicus racemosa OdishaNovember, 2017 160 10 SaptparniAlstonia scholaris West BengalNovember, 2017 165 11 SalShorea robusta Chhattisgarh November, 2017 100 Jharkhand

23 Annual Report 2017-18

4.1.4.10 Tall tree raising of native/ lesser known plants of Rajasthan Objectives: 1. To raise tall plants to enrich the bio- diversity of forest area by planting new species so that it represents a different natural heritage zones of Rajasthan state. 2. To study the growth rate and survival percentage in context to local climate and soil type of new planted species. 3. To sensitize all stake holders including natural 1. Mother bed prepared by levelling of the land history students, teachers etc. for raising plants. Mother bed filled with These plants will be provided to the Rajasthan manure, soil and sand mixer up to 30 cm forest department for planting. Remaining Plants depth. will be distributed, as per rules and regulations of the 2. During rainy season 2000 plants of different department. species transplanted in small poly bags and Methodology and Progress in 2017-18 then planted to half depth to the mother beds Plants are being raised by using A.K. for growth. Upaadhyaya technique 3. Height of the planted species was recorded.

Progress of tall plants raised in different Research centres S.No. Name of. Range Species Botanical name No of plants Avg. height in raised March 2018 (cm) 1 Research Farm, Govindpura, Jaipur NeemAzadirachta indica 600 30 SheeshamDalbergia sisso 700 30 KaranjPongemia pinneta 700 30 2 World Forestry Arboretum, Jaipur BahedaTerminalia bellirica 600 28 ImliTamarindus indica 700 28 JamunSyzygium cumini 700 28 3 Grass Farm Nursery, Jaipur GularFicus racemosa 500 25 Maul shriMimusops elengi 500 25 NeemAzadirachta indica 500 25 Jiya potaPutranjiva roxburghii 500 25 4 Research Farm Banki, Udaipur KaranjMillettia pinnata 300 30 MahuaMadhuca longifolia 300 30 ChurelHoloptelea integrifolia 300 30 HawanGmelina arborea 300 30 Kala sirisAlbizia lebbeck 300 30 ArjunTerminalia arjuna 300 30 KhirniManilkara hexandra 200 30 Total 16 species 8000

24 Annual Report 2017-18

4.1.4.11 Status Assessment, Vegetative vegetative method. propagation and re-introduction of Ephedra • To re-introduceEphedra foliata by planting and foliata (Unth Phog) distributing plants propagated by vegetative and Introduction:Ephedra foliata Boiss. & seedling method Kotschy. (Family; Ephedraceae) Local Name Unth Progress during 2017-18: Phog or Andho-Khimp Only Gymnosperm in the 1. Distribution ofEphedra foliata in Jaipur district Thar Desert, rare in sandy habitat and occasionally including population and male female ratio climbing on shrub or a tree. It is a perennial, climber having fascicled branches, smooth, slender, striated, assessed and recorded. knotted stems. In Rajasthan it is distributed in Ajmer, 2. Fresh cuttings collected from Chomu, Samod Bikaner, Churu, Barmer, Jodhpur and Jhunjhunu and near by areas. districts. However, its status in various districts has 3. Cuttings of plant material planted in 4 soil not been assessed so far. No attempt has been made to sample combinations during July to August Propagate this species inex-situ conditions. 2017. Medicinal Properties: The whole Ephedra plant has i. Sand, Soil, Vermicompost(1:1:1) traditionally been used to treat symptoms of ii. Natural Forest Soil (100 %) bronchial asthma, colds, influenza and allergies. Because of adverse effect and lack of efficacy, it is iii. Natural Forest Soil (70%) and not recommended for weight loss or increased Vermicompost (30 %) athletic performance. iv. Normal Soil (30 %), Sand (50 %), Objective: and Vermicompost(20 %) • To assess the distribution, of Ephedra foliata 4. 50 fresh cuttings (of proper size & thickness) (Unth Phog) in Jaipur district including with three replicas (=150 cuttings) without any population and male female ratio. treatment, planted in the poly bags having • To conduct the scientific study for preparing a ordinary filling mixture (Clay: sand: status report of natural regeneration of Ephedra vermicompost: 1:1:1) as a control. foliata in Jaipur district. 5. A set of cutting with hormonal backup (IBA • To develop and standardize propagation 500, 750 &1000 ppm, dipping duration 30 technique ofEphedra foliata by seed and minutes) planted. (50x2x4x3)=1200

25 Annual Report 2017-18

(a) Vegetative propagation of Ephedra foliata (I) General observation Name of the Spp. Month of the Place / Places of Cutting planting Date of cutting collection collection/ source month sprouting Ephedra foliata July -August-2017 Forest Land Samod, July -August-2017 03.10.2018 (Unth Phog) Chomu

Total no. of cutting planted No of cuttings Sprouting % Rooting % Height in March 2018 (cm) developed in to palnts 1350 81 13 6 25

(i) Observation of rooting & sprouting Cuttings planted % of rooting No. of cuttings Rooting & No of cuttings Rooting & No. of cuttings Rooting & Treatments planted sprouting % planted sprouting % planted sprouting % Control (Without any 50 12 50 7 50 6 treatment)

Cuttings planted IBA 500 PPM IBA 750 PPM IBA 1000 PPM Rooting & sprouting% No. of cuttings Rooting & No of cuttings Rooting & No. of cuttings Rooting & IBA Treatments planted sprouting % planted sprouting % planted sprouting % Sand, Soil, Vermicompost 50X2 8 50X2 15 50X2 15

(1:1:1) Natural Forest Soil (100%) 50X2 11 50X2 23 50X2 21 Natural Forest Soil (70%) & 50X2 8 50X2 13 50X2 15 Vermicompost(30%)

Natural Forest Soil (30%), 50X2 10 50X2 22 50X2 22 Sand (50%), &

Vermicompost (20%)

(i) Observation of raising ofEphedra foliata by seed Month of the seed Place / Places of Seed sowing Date of germination collection collection/ source month 26.04.2017 Samod, Chomu 30.04.2017 8.05.2017

Germination % No of plants raised Month of transplanting Height in April 2018 50 100 Aug-17 35 cm

26 Annual Report 2017-18

Conclusion: Cuttings of plant material propagation ofEphedra is unsuccessful. However planted during winter season & summer season from good results were obtained by raising plants from July to March in different soil sample combinations seeds. did not yield successful results. Therefore vegetative

Prof S.Misra & PI Mukesh Tiwari Efedra along the field boundary VisitingEpfedra Area (IV) Observation of Status Assessment Distribution ofEphedra foliata including population and male-female ratio & threat status have been assessed and recorded in Chomu, Jobner,amer tehsils of Jaipur district in year 2016-17 to 2017-18. S.No. Name of Area with GPS No of plants Sex Ratio Support plants Threats Tehsil coordinates Counted Male Female 1 Chomu Samod area 51 54.90 45.10 98% plants were Grazing, 27.2067ºN, found on & 75.7953º E Maytenus Illegal emarginata cutting and rest on Acacia senegal

2 Jobner Kalkah dam area 58 53.44 46.56 60% plants were Grazing, 26.9702ºN, found onMaytenus & 75.3791º Eemarginata and Illegal rest on Acacia cutting senegal, Acacia tortilis fencing of fields & others etc 3 Amer Mundota and Jaloi 126 56.40 43.60 98% plants were Grazing, Raod plantation found onMaytenus & 26°01'05.56" N emarginata cutting 075°35'26.23" E Total- 235 - 3 tehsils of Jaipur district have been assessed so far. The remaining tehsils of Jaipur district will be assessed in 2018-19 to gather more information on the species. A status report onEphedra foliata will be prepared. Plants raised will be made available to the Forest Department for Field Planting during 2019-20.

27 Annual Report 2017-18

4.2 Collaborative research with Arid Forestry Methods adopted to fulfill the objectives were Research Institute (AFRI), Jodhpur: both survey and field experimentations. A survey was Following collaborative research projects are conducted to assess soil and water quality and screen ongoing withAFRI, Jodhpur: plants growing on and tolerant to effluent inflicted area at five locations along Luni, Bandi and Jojari 4.2.1 Phytoremediation of soil for productivity rivers considering three microhabitats like river bed, enhancement during land disposal of effluent: river bank and uninfluenced area as control. Two Progress of project is as under: afforestation experiments were: simulated soil Principal investigator – Dr. G. Singh, condition in lysimeter tanks (non-weighing type) Scientist G & Head, Division of Forest Ecology and started in September 2012, and a field condition Climate Change,AFRI, Jodhpur-342005 experiment started in September 2013. Under Industrialization is an important factor in the simulated soil condition, a completely randomized economy of developing countries. However, the design was adopted and plantation established waste or by-products discharged from the industrial consisting of four levels of irrigation and 7 tree units are severely degrading the environment species.Azadirachta indica (Neem) , Eucalyptus because they consist of various kinds of camaldulensis(Safeda) , Prosopis cineraria contaminants which contaminate the surface water, (Khezri), P. juliflora (Vilayati babool) , Tamarix ground water and soil. Land application of aphylla(Farash) , persica (Khara Jaal) and wastewater including tree irrigation is a viable S. oleoides (Meetha Jaal) were planted at 2.1 m x 3.2 solution when the cost of a typical tertiary treatment m spacing in three replications utilizing 84 numbers process is considered. Soil and vegetation act as of lysimeter tanks accommodating one plant in each filters that encourage the entrapment of particulate tank. Irrigation levels were: (I 1) Normal water at ½ ET contaminants from wastewater, and then the treated (Evapo-transpiration) as control, (I2 ) Treated effluent is allowed to drain through the soil profile. wastewater at ½ ET; (I 3) Treated wastewater at ¾ ET;

This project 'Phytoremediation of soil for and (I4 ) Treated wastewater at 1.00 ET. In second field productivity enhancement during land disposal of experiment, ten tree species like Acacia nilotica effluent' was funded by Rajasthan State Forest (Deshi Babool), Ailanthus excelsa (Ardu) , Department, Government of Rajasthan, Jaipur at a Azadirachta indica, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, total cost of Rs 24.15 lakhs and conducted for about Prosopis cineraria, , Tamarix six year period, i.e. November 2012 to March 2018. aphylla, undulata(Rohida) , Salvadora The objectives of the project were: oleoidesand S. persica were planted at 3 m x 4 m (i) To assess the most efficient species for soil spacing and in a Split Plot Design with three improvement and phytoremediation; replications. Four irrigation levels were: (i) treated (ii) To monitor changes in soil health and wastewater at 1/2 ET (WW1/2), (2) treated phytoremediation ability of different species; wastewater at 3/4 ET (WW3/4), (3) Bore-well water and at 1/2 ET (TW1/2) and (4) Bore-well water at 3/4 ET (iii) To utilize industrial treated effluent as source (TW3/4). The irrigation was based on cumulative pan of irrigation in afforestation with overall evaporation x 0.7 to convert it into evapo- improvement in soil and environmental transpiration. Data on height, collar diameter and quality and productivity from wastewater. crown diameter were recorded since September 2013

28 Annual Report 2017-18 at three months interval, i.e. March, June, September Aerva persica, Schoenoplectus articulates, Cyperus and December in Lysimeter experiment and at 6 rotundus, Aeluropus lagopoides etc were dominant month intervals in field experiment. Soil, wastewater on river edge. and plant samples were collected and analyzed for Lysimeter experiment: Species characteristics different physico-chemical properties and mineral and its phenological behaviour coupled with contents. environmental effects was shown by significant Field Survey: Soil and water samples along (P<0.01) variations in height, collar diameter and Jojari, Bandi and Luni rivers showed wide variations crown diameter recorded in July-September, in water and soil characteristics supporting different October-December, December to March and March- vegetations. Waters flowing through these rivers June. Highest growth of most of the species was were alkaline and highly saline in nature, low in during July – September, butP. cineraria and P. nutritional quality and high concentrations of Na and juliflora showed better growth during October- Ca and low concentration of K and metal ions like December andE. camaldulensis during January- Mn, Cu, Co, Zn, Cd and Pb. Though varied with March. Mean annual increment (MAI) in height places of soil sampling, soil pH was alkaline, varied from 25.5 cm per year inT. aphylla to 47.4 cm electrical conductivity was high at most of the places per year inE. camaldulensis and in collar diameter and availabilities of NH 43-N, NO -N and PO 4-P were from 8.5 mm per year forP. cineraria to 14.7 mm per low making these waters unfit for irrigating year forS. oleoides. The order of different tree species agricultural and vegetable crops. was:T. aphylla< P. cineraria < S. oleoides < S. Almost 50 species have been observed persica< P. juliflora < A. indica < E. camaldulensis for growing along the Luni, Bandi and Jojari rivers height;P.cineraria < S. oleoides < E. camaldulensis < T. courses those include 9 trees, 10 shrubs, 16 herbs, 3 aphylla< S. persica < P. juliflora < A. indica for collar sedges and 12 grass species. Recorded species were 6 diameter;E. camaldulensis < T. aphylla < S. trees, 9 shrubs, 8 herbs, 2 sedges and 9 grasses along oleoides<<<< P. cineraria S.persica A. indica P. Luni, 8 trees, 3 shrubs, 8 herb and 5 grass along juliflorafor crown diameter and T. aphylla < P. Bandi, and 6 trees, 2 shrubs, 6 herbs, one sedge and 5 cineraria<< E. camaldulensis S. grass along Jojari River. Numbers of species growing oleoides< S.persica < P.juliflora < A.indica for dry in river bed, river bank and well beyond river courses biomass. MAI in biomass ranged from 0.66 kg per were 46, 41 and 24. River edge was more diverse in plant per year inT. aphylla to 2.20 kg per plant per herbaceous vegetation resulting in lowest values of year inP. juliflora . S. persica , P. juliflora and A. most of the soil quality parameters. P. juliflora, P. indica appeared better tolerant to wastewater cineraria, Tamarix ericoides, Phragmities karka, irrigation with highest MAI in biomass. Different Aeluropus lagopoides, Blumeaspp., Cynodon components like stem, branches, twigs, leaves and dactylon, Paspalum virgatum, Glinus lotoides, roots contributed to 20.6%, 26.3%, 17.5%, 0.11% and Heliotropium curassavicum, Schoenoplectus 24.5% respectively in total dry biomass. Contribution articulates, Solanum surattense, Sueda fruticosa and of stem and branches were highest inA. indica , and Typha angustifolia, etc were dominant in effluent those of twigs, leaves and roots were injuliflora . Total inflicted soils, whereasP. juliflora , P. cineraria , dry biomass production was almost similar in P. Acacia nilotica, Salvadora persica, Tamarix juliflora, S. persica, and A. indica , whereas T. ericoides, Phragmities karka, Calotropis procera, aphylla, P. cinerariaand S. oleoides were least dry

29 Annual Report 2017-18 biomass producer with almost 3.1-fold variation in species after 51 months of plantation varied (P<0.05) biomass. both between species as well as types and levels of Lowest growth variables and biomass irrigation. Survival ranged from 10.4% in Ainlanthus production was for the plants irrigated with bore- excelsato 100% in P. juliflora . It was highest (90.0 to well water at ½ PE. The irrigation levels fell in the 100%) inAcacia nilotica , Azadirachta indica , Salvadora persicaand P. julifora . The order of tree order: I 12

30 Annual Report 2017-18 beneficial effects of wastewater application on by 44.8 and 69.1% and exchangeable K by 4.12 and growth parameters of most of the species. Lowest dry 1.75 mg kg-1 in 0-30 cm and 30-60 cm soil layer biomasses of all components like leaves, branches, respectively. Order of increase in irrigation levels for twigs, stem and roots were observed for the plants s o i l p H a n d S O C w a s : irrigated with bore-well water at ½ PE (TW1/2) and TW3/4

Soil pH, EC, SOC, NH 434-N, NO -N, PO -P and K were higher in 0-30 cm soil layer as compared to the 30-60 cm soil layer. Available salts and minerals applied to the plantation by irrigation increased soil pH by 0.44 and 0.14 units, EC by 0.14 and 0.08 dSm- 1 , SOC by 0.05 and 0.04%, NH 4-N by 3.4- and 3.9- Irrigation in Lysimeter Experiment fold, NO 34-N by 3.4- and 7.2-fold, PO -P availability

31 Annual Report 2017-18 articulates, Solanum surattense, Sueda fruticosa, Acacia nilotica, P. julflora , E. camaldulensis and S. Typha angustifolia etc., species are tolerant to persica are better adapting and high biomass wastewater contaminated soils and have ability of producer,T. aphylla is medium and P. cineraria , T. phytoremediation. Most of the species tested showed undulataand S. oleoides are least biomass producer better survival, growth and biomass production under under treated wastewater irrigation. Thus irrigation of treated wastewater irrigation of Jodhpur city and with treated wastewater is suggested for improving some of the species are best adapted with high soil fertility as well as to ease pressure on the fresh growth, MAI, biomass production and nutrient water in the water scarce dry areas. The treated uptake and can be utilised in urban afforestation. wastewater can be considered as an important source Utilization of treated wastewater increases SOC, of fertilizer for these species with positive economic available PO 44-P, NH -N and NO 3-N and K found and environmental aspects related to reduction of beneficial in enhancing plant growth and biomass inorganic fertilizers use. production of all species taken into afforestation, but Conclusion simultaneous increase salt concentrations in soil (pH, All three growth parametersviz. height, collar EC and minerals) need attention. diameter and crown diameter is affected by species Absence of leaching the in present level of irrigation but relatively less by irrigation levels. However both indicates that application of treated wastewater can these factors influenced the growth independently as be up to 1 PE under sufficient availability of the interactions till now between them were not wastewater, otherwise it can be applied at ¾ PE for significant The results also indicate that species has better incremental growth and biomass production greater influence on growth variation regardless of from the plantation.A. nilotica , A. indica , P. juliflora irrigation with effluent water. In lysimeter andT. aphylla prefer increased quantity of irrigation experiment, maximum height and crown diameter water, whereasE. camaldulensis , S. persica , S. was obtained by irrigating with effluent water at 1 ET, oleoidesand T. undulata respond better to nutrients while collar diameter was obtained by irrigation with added through wastewater.Azadirachta indica , effluent water at 3/4 ET. This indicates that these species can be utilized in producing biomass by irrigating with effluent water. 4.2.2. Productivity enhancement of Kair () to generate livelihood in rural area of Thar Desert. Capparis decidua is the most important indigenous NTFP yielding shrub species, the fruits of which yield supplementary income to the rural people as it is converted to pickles as value added product with very high demand. The market prices are continuously rising from 80-100 Rs /kg in 1995 to 1000-1200 Rs/kg in 2017 respectively. The rate increases with decrease in size of fruits. However, they are mainly collected from the wild with no effort Irrigation in Field Experiment for its domestication. This project was taken in

32 Annual Report 2017-18 collaboration with SFD Rajasthan and after a survey goat FYM (GM), and VAM in combination experimental field was selected in July 2013 in with SSP, SSP + K, K, Zn and SSP, K, + Zn and NPK Gogelao beed forest area in Nagaur. All the plants etc., along with irrigation in October 2013 (Fig 22). were divided into three blocks. Three trials were laid. The results of LCM with inorganic fertilizers gave Various treatments were: leaf compost (LCM), best results.

Flowering T4R3 Fruiting T4R1

Control Flowering T4R3

Plants ofCapparis decidua growing in the field 8.45% respectively in 2013-14 under low total condition under different treatments. rainfall of less457.7 mm. The increment was 14% C. decidua growth suffered of frost damage and 12.2% for height and 20.71 and 11.29 % for during December 2013 – January 2014. Irrigation Crown diameter in 2014-15 and 2015-16 was provided for recovery and annual growth data respectively. The total rainfall for 2014-15 was 535.5 collected. The growth recovery was slow and the mmand 2015-16 was 464.2 mm respectively. Two mean height and crown increment was 8.01% and way ANOVA for cumulative data indicates

33 Annual Report 2017-18 significant (P<0.05) variations in mean height and yield and per shrub fruit yield for all the treatments. crown diameter. Application of fertilizer enhanced Three years cumulative data revealed that a the growth. Treatment effect was also significant in combinations of LCM, P,K and Zn was best treatment case of height (P<0.05) where all the treatments recording almost 100% fruiting shrubs throughout recorded more height than control and with 18.8% seasons in all three years (Fig 1) followed by LCM+NPK combination with 88.9% and LCM + K overall increment with LCM+ Zn followed by combination with 74.5%, whereas in control it was 13.06% with LCM, P, K and Zn combination and only in 22.5% shrubs. Application of LCM only only 5.46% in the control. Increment for crown enhanced it to 44.5% but it was still significantly less diameter was also higher in treated shrubs as than other treatments where LCM was applied with compared to control. inorganic fertilizers. Season wise, April recorded Phenological observations indicated three 73.2% percent fruit shrubs closely followed by times flowering and fruiting in a year. Phenological October 72.6%. Fruiting was only in 47.5% shrubs in observations in April, July and October 2014 to 16 July. Control shrubs recorded minimum values in all were recorded for per cent fruiting shrubs, total fruit three seasons.

Figure 1. Per cent fruiting shrubs in different season under different treatments.

Average fruit yield was 1129.0 g for T4 (Fig 1). It resulted in maximum fruit yield per season treatment (LCM +SSP+K+Zn) which was for T4 treatment which was 10.2 times more (796.32 g significantly high as compared to all treatments. T5 to 78.01 g)) than control in April , 2.24 times more in (LCM+NPK) with 516.0 g was at second place and July (800.2 g to 35.71 g) and almost 100 times

T1 (LCM+SSP+K) with 491.9 g was third compared more in October ( 1790 .7 g to 71.7 g). Total fruit to 61.8 g for control. Application of LCM only in T7 yield was high in October than April indicating treatment (LCM) enhanced the yield to 114.1g only the positive influence of moisture conservation indicating the additive role of inorganic fertilizers (Fig 2).

34 Annual Report 2017-18

Figure 2. Total fruit yield in different years influenced by different treatments. Under LCM treatment, per plant yield was Annual fruitingfrequency i n 2014 indicates maximum for T415 (261.3g) followed by T (168.5g), T that 20% shrubs fruited 3 times, 32.5% shrubs fruited (114.3g) and 46.5g in control. Per plant yield values 2 times and 27.5 % plants fruited only 1 time. There for T7 LCM (41.9g) and LCM +Zn (35.3g) were 20% plants (8 nos) which did not fruit at all, treatments were less than control indicating that four of which belonged to control (Fig 4). In 2015, treatments enhanced the number of fruiting shrubs 35% shrubs fruited 3 times, 40% shrubs fruited 2 but not the per shrub (Fig 2). Two ways ANOVA times and 20% plants fruited only 1 time. There were indicated the positive effects of treatments on per 2 plants (5%) one each in control and LCM only plant yield in all seasons and was mainly due to per treatments did not fruit. In 2016, 55% plants fruited 3 shrub yield. The difference between T4 and control times, 17.5% plants fruited 2 times and 20% plants was 5.32 times in April, 5.15 times in July and 5.98 fruited only 1 time. There were 3 plants (7.5%) two in times in October (Fig 3). A combination of LCM, P control and one in LCM only treatments did not fruit. and K (T1 ) was second best treatment followed by a These unfruited plants though belonged to T78 and T combination of LCM and NPK (T5 ). (Control) treatments but different than those in 2015.

Per shrub fruityield (2014 to 2016) 600 400 200 g Apri 0 l T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8 July

Treatments Figure 3. Per shrub fruit yields in different season influenced by different treatments.

35 Annual Report 2017-18

Figure 4. Frequency of fruiting shrubs in different years.

Initial soil pH values ranged from 7.82 to 8.39, Zn, closely followed by a combination of LCM and EC 0.27 to 0.39 dSm-1 and organic carbon (0.28 to NPK. Moisture conservation led significant fruit 0.51%) in 0-20 cm soil. Soil pH in 2016 was 7.83 yield recoded in October also. Protein, Sugar and (ranging from 7.74 to 8.17 in different treatments) in Vitamin C contents were similar for the fruits 0-20 cm soil layer and 7.90 (7.71 to 8.16) in 20-40 cm obtained in April and October and hence can be soil layer are in similar range to initial values utilized. indicating no adverse effect of the treatments even Benefits of the research project: Beneficial after three years in LCM combinations. Soils EC effects of soil and moisture conservation and use of -1 were 0.51 and 0.53 dSm for 0-20 and 20-40 cm soil organic and inorganic fertilizer enhancing fruit yield layers respectively in 2016 which were slightly and help conserve biodiversity and people higher than initial values but were within the normal livelihoods. range. Per cent SOC was 0.143 in 2014 showing an 4.2.2 Study on the effects of tree on soil fertility increasing trend compared to initial values and rose and crop production in Rajasthan. to 0.373 in 2015 and 0.468% in 2016 in 0-20cm soil layer. These values were lesser for 20-40 cm soil Background layer. Adverse climatic conditions and droughts are Conclusively, integrated use of organic and abrasion for food production in dry region where inorganic fertilizers is helpful in enhancing the rainfall is most variable with an annual rainfall number of fruiting shrubs and per shrub yield. LCM ranging from 150 mm to 750 mm in Rajasthan. This in combination with inorganic fertilizer provided variation effluences the potential of natural resource- highest fruit yield. In the treated shrubs, three times based farming. Low and erratic rainfall and poor soil fruiting was under a combination of LCM, P, K and nutrient status causes low production in the region.

36 Annual Report 2017-18

Increasing populations of both human and livestock 1. To search and collect the existing literatures on perpetually further put stress on natural resources agroforestry of Rajasthan. available in the region.Agroforestry could contribute 2. To select some case studies and collect field data to livelihood improvement in dry areas of Rajasthan, on soil fertility and crop production. where people have practices and indigenous 3. To study the economic benefits under the cases knowledge systems on tree-growing. The farmers of studied under filed conditions, and this region conserve and promote scattered trees and shrubs growing on their farmlands or grazing lands to 4. To compile and collate the information related sustain their livelihood. These multi-purpose woody to agroforestry and the case studies in the form perennials support livelihood in the region of a workable report. particularly during drought when rainfed crops fail. Physical progress: (April 2017-March 2018) These trees provide fodder, fruit, vegetable, 1. Field survey work completed for a line transect fuelwood, timber, medicine and fiber for sustaining in Pali, Udaipur and Banswara districts. Study rural livelihood and improve soil conditions and of different traditional and improved fertility as well. agroforestry models on farmers fields were Increasing pressure of human population and conducted in one districts viz. Pali, Jodhpur, livestock, abrasion of forest is a major challenge for Nagaur, Bhilwara, Dausa, Swaimadhopur, forests and livelihoods. Farm land biodiversity is also Kota, Jhalawar, Banswara and Barmer each in the process of erosion and requires alternatives seven agroclimatic zones covering during strategies in the form of integrating trees to meet the Kharif and Rabi seasons. . In this, study of requirement of fodder and fuel-wood. Tree different traditional and improved agroforestry integration in farmland helps generate income, models on farmers fields were conducted both ensure food and fuel wood security for resource-poor Kharif and Rabi seasons. The collected rural households, and sustains their farming systems. information was tree growth, crop production The existing knowledge on agroforestry models and cost of cultivation. Soil samples were also adopted by local communities in different regions in collected and soil physico-chemical analysis is Rajasthan needs to be documented for framing in progress. suitable strategies and identification of the best Different agri-horti models observed were models for large-scale adoption in benefits of the graftedZizyphus mauritiana (Ber), Kinnow mandarin local people. With this view, State Forest (Kinnu),Punica granatum (Annar), Mangifera indica Department, Government of Rajasthan has sanction a (Aam),Citrus reticulata (Santra), Psidium guava project 'Study on the effects of tree on soil fertility (Guava),Cordia myxa (Gunda). Observed agri-silvi and crop production in Rajasthan' to compile the models wereProsopis cineraria (Khejri), Tecomella available literature along with field study to undulata(Rohida), Acacia nilotica (Desi babool), A. understand the effect of trees on crop production and tortilis(Isarali babool), A. senegal (Kumat), A. soil fertility. Total outlay of the project is Rs. 10.47 luecopholea(Rounjh), Prosopis juliflora (Agreji Lakhs and the project objectives are: babool), Salvadora oleoides (Pillu), Ailanthus

37 Annual Report 2017-18 excelsa(Ardu) , Azadirachta indica (Neem), growing plants. Tree integration with crop is one of Dalbergia sissoo(Shisham) and Tectona grandis the best management systems to improve soil (Teak) based. Preliminary results indicate that productivity in comparison of adding fertilizers or different models have different potential depending organic composting. Soil organic carbon (SOC) was upon the availability of natural resources, tree 0.014% higher at 1 m distance from tree trunk as management and cultivars of crops. Crop compared to sole agriculture soil whereas it was reduction was observed in all agroforestry 0.031% higher at canopy edge. SOC was 17.26% systems. higher in agroforestry system than sole agriculture There were 116 tree-crop combinations in the field. It was 0.045% greater inA. nilotica, 0.030% in Rajasthan covering 12 crops in Kharif and 9 crops D. sissoo, 0.016% in T. undulata and 0.012% greater species in Rabi season found associated with trees. inP cineraria based agroforestry system as compared Dominant crop was Bajra followed by Gaur and to sole agriculture field. Moong in Kharif and Wheat followed by Mustard in Economic return of traditional and improved Rabi season. Crop yield reduction was the lowest in agroforestry systems have been assessed. Economic Prosopis cineraria based agroforestry where it was return was highest (Rs. 132500/ha) in paddy/wheat 17.3% (across the crops) as compared to the sole withAcacia nilotica in Kota district, followed by crops. About 50% observation showed highest crop cotton/wheat withDalbergia sissoo based agri-silvi yield at canopy edge ofP. cineraria. Reduction of system (Rs. 121070/ha) in Shriganganagar under crop yield was greater (75.6%) at 1 m distance from irrigated condition. It was lowest (Rs. 565-12922) in the tree trunk ofSalvadora oleoides as compared to hyper-arid regions of Churu and Barmer districts. sole crop followed byP . juliflora (74.9%), A. tortilis Crop failure in some sites due to very low rainfall in (71.8%) andA. nilotica (69.1%). Crop yield hyper-arid region resulted in low or negative reduction was less inP. cineraria (32.3%) at 1 m economic returns. Economic return of Gauva based distance from tree trunk as compared to sole crop agri-horti system was highest (Rs. 126653/ha/ followed byA. nilotica cupressiformis (41.5%). Reduction of crop yield at canopy edge was greater annum) in Sawaimadhopur district followed by underS. oleoides (46.6%), P . juliflora (37.6%) and gafted Ber (Rs. 106750/ha/annum) and pomegranate A. tortilis(31.5%), D. sissoo (29.2%), T . undulata (Rs. 89503/ha/annum) in Barmer district under (28.8%),Z. mauritiana (22%) , A. indica (21.8%), A. irrigated condition. senegal (20.1%) than sole crop. Crop yield reduction Literatures on agroforestry were collected from was more in Rabi season (57.1%) compared to CAZRI and AFRI, Jodhpur, Arid Horticulture Kharif season (52.1%). Research Institute, Bikaner, Research Station, Soil plays an important role in determining the Bikaner of CAZRI, Agriculture Research Station sustainable productivity of an agro-ecosystem. The Fatehpur, Sikar and Research Station at Kota of Soil sustainable productivity of a soil mainly depends and Water Conservation and Training Institute, upon its ability to supply essential nutrients to the Dehradun and their synthesis is in progress.

38 Annual Report 2017-18

Pennisetum glaucum (Bajra) intercropped with Triticum aestivum (Wheat) with A. nilotica trees in Dausa Salvadora oleoides trees in Barmer

Cicer arietinum (Gram) with Punica granatum (Annar) in Barmer Psidium guava (Guava) in Swaimadhopur

39 Annual Report 2017-18

Table 1. Crop production reduction (%) under different agroforestry systems in Rajasthan. Tree Crop yield reduction Crop yield reduction (sole crop-beneath tree) (sole crop-canopy edge) Silvi species P. cineraria 28.5 0.4 A. cupresiformis 41.5 14.2 A. senegal 49.5 23.4 T. undulata 50.3 22.7 A. luecopholea 53.2 15.9 T. grandis 55.5 8.0 Z. mauritiana 55.2 21.5 A. nilotica 56.7 14.4 Mangifera indica 59.0 14.1 A. indica 58.5 21.8 D. sissoo 56.4 23.6 A. tortilis 71.8 31.5 P. juliflora 74.9 37.6 Salvadora oleoides 75.6 46.6 Ailanthus excelsa 47.5 17.8 Horti species graftedZ. mauritiana 61.5 GraftedMengifera indica 78.9 Psidium guava 44.9 Cordia myxa 83.2 Kinnow mandarin 46.1 Punica granatum 72.8 Citrus reticulata 33.2

Mid term results reveal that different models have the sole crops (Table 1), however, crop yield different potential depending upon the availability of production was higher or at par at canopy edge of natural resources, tree management and cultivars of Khejri compared to sole crop in most of fifty percent crops. Effect of tree on crop yield reduction was the tree crop association, particular bajra, moong, gaur, lowest inProsopis cineraria based agroforestry gram, isabgol and jeera. Crop yield reduction was where it was 19.3% across the crops as compared to observed the highest (61.1%) across the crops in

40 Annual Report 2017-18

Salvadora oleoides based agroforestry system as (Table 2). Building of soil organic carbon was the compared to sole crops.. Crop production was the highest (0.045%) inAcacia nilotica based highest at the edge of the canopy of Prosopis agroforestry then sole crop soil. It was 0.018% in T. cineraria in kharif season and it was the lowest undulata based agroforestry system and 0.012% in (83.2%) beneath canopy of Cordia myxa trees during Prosopis cineraria based agroforestry system as rabi season in respect of sole crop. While considering compared to sole agriculture crops. Soil organic distance across trees and crop species, soil organic carbon was highest in Kota district and it was lowest carbon content was 17.37% higher in 1 m distance in Bikaner district. from tree trunk as compared to sole agriculture soil Table 2. Soil organic carbon content (%) in different agroforestry systems in Rajasthan. Tree SOC at 1m distance from tree SOC at canopy edge SOC open (sole crop) P. cineraria 0.163 0.190 0.164 A. cupresiformis 0.185 0.203 0.218 A. luecopholea 0.464 0.477 0.463 A. nilotica 0.353 0.380 0.322 A. tortilis 0.194 0.290 0.170 A. excelsa 0.190 0.215 0.193 Z. mauritiana 0.203 0.150 0.085 A. indica 0.223 0.244 0.229 T. grandis 0.480 0.490 0.485 D. sissoo 0.232 0.262 0.235 Psidium guava 0.750 0.698 graftedZ. mauritiana 0.226 0.235 Kinnow mandarin 0.285 0.360 Citrus reticulata 1.050 1.055 Punica granatum 0.159 0.193 0.158 Mangifera indica 0.448 0.467 0.455

Financial Progress Fund incurred 2017-18: Rs. 2.41 lakhs Fund incurred fromApril 2017-Sep 2017: Rs. 0.74 lakhs Fund incurred from Oct 2017-March 2018: Rs. 3.71 lakhs Totalfund incurred during 2017-18: Rs. 4.453 lakhs Grand Totalincurred during 2016- 18: Rs. 6.86 lakhs

41 Annual Report 2017-18

4.2.3. Development of Nursery Manual for 11.4.2016 at Government Secretariat, Jaipur The Forest Tree Species of Rajasthan subject of the research approved by the committee is: In house meeting was conducted, outline of the "Forest Resource Accounting (FRA): Valuation of proposed nursery manual finalized and resource economic contribution of forests and protected areas persons for drafting different chapter identified. in Rajasthan", and capacity building of forestry Literature on available nursery manuals was personnel on this subject. This is a collaborative collected. Similarly information on twenty one research project with Indian Institute of Forest species including Neem, Khejri, Kumatha, khara and Management, Bhopal (an autonomous institute of meetha Jal, Rohida, Ker, Belpatra, Saptparni etc. on MoEFCC, Government of India) was agreed by the distribution, uses, silvicultural and nursery Executive Committee.Aprovision of Rs. 29.50 lac has technology aspect have been collected and compiled. been made for this project. A preliminary draft of the nursery manual has been Current project status & Progress of the FRAstudy submitted to Rajasthan Forest Department. for Rajasthan Forest Department Duration: 06 Months The FRA study has been initiated by IIFM. A TotalCost: INR 2.25 lakhs researcher has already been recruited to conduct the research work. The researcher was part of the meeting MOU Signed: 29.02-2016 that took place. The following project work has been Sanctioned on: March 2016. done: Project Team: Sh.P.H.Chawhaan, Scientist F As per the project timeline, the current Dr. K. K. Srivastava, Scientist F objectives are Dr. D.K. Mishra, Scientist F 1. Conducting literature review and identifying Sh.Uma Ram Choudhary, IFS previous accounting studies Sh.A.K. Sinha, Scientist D • Literature review for the types of forests and Dr. U. K. Tomar, Scientist F their characteristic features has been collected Sh. N. Bala, Scientist F and the statistical data is being collated. • Final draft of the nursery manual has been Ecosystem services for Desert National Park (1 approved by Rajasthan Forest Department. study site) have been preliminarily identified. A AFRI has to submit printed copies of the literature review is being conducted at present to nursery manual. identify a tentative list of methods for measurement of each ecosystem service. 4.2.4 Forest Resource Accounting (FRA): Valuation of economic contribution of forests and 2. Conducting focus group discussions and key protected areas in Rajasthan", and capacity informant interviews building of forestry personnel on this subject. • A few stakeholders have been identified, the New Research Activity under CAMPA have type of information needed from them has been been approved during meeting of Steering compiled and a consultation process will soon be Committee of the Rajasthan State CAMPA held on initiated.

42 Annual Report 2017-18

5. OTHER ACTIVITIES

Other activities carried out in various Research raised for distribution during 2018-19 and Farms during 2017-18 are as follows: 1,00,000 plants were transplanted to 20cm 5.1 Grass Farm Nursery, Jaipur x40cm size polybags from 12.5x30cm size polybags for preparation of tall plants in 5.1.1 Raising and distribution of plants is one of CAMPA scheme. 70,000 Seedlings the major activities at the Grass Farm belonging to different plant species were Nursery, Jaipur. Good quality saplings of raised under farm forestry for distribution more than 53 species were raised, distributed during year 2019-20. / sold to the public. During the financial year 2017-18 total 1,51,576 seedlings were 5.1.3 In Grass Farm Nursery plants of lesser distributed / sold to the public. known species of high ecological importance likeGuazuma ulmifolia , 5.1.2 During the financial year 2017-18, 2,15,000 Manilkara hexandra etc were also Seedlings belonging to different plant raised. species including medicinal plants were

Planting by PCCF (HoFF) at Grass Farm Nursery, Jaipur

43 Annual Report 2017-18

5.1.4 The nature trail in Grass farm nursery is used by local residents for morning and evening walks.About 250 regular morning walkers and 125 evening walkers visit the forest area. School teachers conducted environment education programmes for students during the entire year. Students of different schools visited the campus as well as nature trail during the year 5.1.5 Waterholes were maintained throughout the year for use of fauna existing in the Grass Farm Nursery Campus. 5.1.6 Protection of large number Peafowl(Pavo cristatus) . 5.1.7 Clonal orchard ofCommiphora wightii (Guggul) was maintained. 5.1.8 Important Medicinal plants of more than 20 species of medicinal value were raised during 2017-18 for distribution in Grass Form Nursery, Jaipur. Some of the species along with number of plants raised are listed below: S.No. Local Name Botanical Name No. of plants raised 1 AmlaPhyllanthus emblica 1000 2 AnarPunica granatum 1000 3 AshokPolyalthia longifolia 2500 4 BansBambusa vulgaris 150 5 BhadrakshGuazuma ulmifolia 200 6 BudFicus benghalensis 500 7 ChameliJasminum officinale 1000 8 GudhalHibiscus rosa chinensis 5000 9 GularFicus racemosa 1000 10 HarsingarNyctanthes arbor-tristis 1000 11 JamunSyzygium cumini 1500 12 KachnarBauhinia variegata 3000 13 KaranjPongamia pinnata 3000 14 KarondaCarissa carandas 5000 15 KhirniManilkara hexandra 1000 16 MehandiLawsonia inermis 6000 17 MolshreeMimusops elengi 1500 18 NimbooCitrus aurantifolia 15000 19 Nimboo(Seedless)Citrus latifolia 1000 20 SadabaharCatharanthus roseus 500 Total 50000

44 Annual Report 2017-18

5.2 Seed testing Lab:- Tests for germination percentage conducted at the lab for 157 seed samples received from 14 different Forest Divisions. The reports were sent to the concerned Divisions.

List of Forest Division from where Seed Samples were received S. No. Name of Forest Division No. of Sample received 1 Deputy Conservator of Forests (Project), Tonk 6 2 Soil Conservation officer, Banas Project, Sawai Madhopur 5 3 Deputy Conservator of Forests, Dausa 9 4 Deputy Conservator of Forests, Jaipur (North) 6 5 Soil Conservation Officer (Agriculture), Luni River Project, Sojat Road, Pali 3 6 Soil Conservation Officer (Agriculture), Sawai Madhopur 5 7 Deputy Conservator of Forests (Project), Abu Road 10 8 Senior Planing Research & Extension Officer, Banas, Bhilwara 6 9 Range Forest Officer (Grass Farm), Jaipur 28 10 Deputy Conservator of Forest(),MNP, Kota 15 11 Deputy Conservator of Forests, Dholpur 7 12 Deputy Conservator of Forests, Bundi 45 13 Range forest officer Uniyara,post Aligarh 10 14 Range forest officer Uniyara,post Hindoli 1 Total 157

Addressing FTI Training Class at Seed Lab, Grass Farm Nursery

45 Annual Report 2017-18

Analysis of germination percentage was done for following 57 species of seed samples received

S.No. Local Name Name of species Family 1 Amaltas Cassia fistula Fabaceae 2 Amla Phyllanthus emblica Phyllanthaceae 3 Amrud Psidium guajava Myrtaceae 4 Ardu Ailanthus excelsa Simaroubaceae 5 Arjun Terminalia arjuna Combretaceae 6 Aritha Sapindus trifoliatus Sapindaceae 7 Babul Vachellia nilotica Fabaceae 8 Baheda Terminalia bellirica Combretaceae 9 Bamboo Dendrocalamus strictus Poaceae 10 Bel Aegle marmelos Rutaceae 11 Ber jujuba Rhamnaceae 12 Churel Holoptelea integrifolia Ulmaceae 13 Dhak Butea monosperma Fabaceae 14 Dhaman grass Cenchrus ciliaris Poaceae 15 Gulmohar Delonix regia Fabaceae 16 Hamata grass Stylosanthes hamata Fabaceae 17 Israeli babool Vachellia tortilis Fabaceae 18 Jangal jalebi Pithecellobium dulce Fabaceae 19 Kachnar Bauhinia variegata Fabaceae 20 Kaner yellow Thevetia nevifolia Apocynaceae 21 Karanj Pongamia pinnata Fabaceae 22 Kat Karanj Caesalpinia bonduc Caesalpiniaceae 23 Khair Acacia catechu Fabaceae 24 Khejri Prosopis cineraria Fabaceae 25 Kumatha Acacia senegal Fabaceae 26 Molshree Mimusops elengi Sapotaceae 27 Putranjeva Putranjeva roxburghii Putranjivaceae 28 Raunjh Vachellia leucophloea Fabaceae 29 Sehjana Moringa oleifera Moringaceae 30 semal Bombax cieba Malvaceae 31 Shisham Dalbergia sissoo Fabaceae 32 Siras Albizia procera Fabaceae 33 Sitafal Annona squamosa Annonaceae 34 Imli Tamarindus indica Fabaceae 35 Ashwagandha Withania somnifera Solanaceae 36 Kalmegh Andrographis paniculata Acanthaceae 37 Tulsi Ocimum tenlliflorum lamiaceae 38 Arandi Ricinus communis Emphorbiaceae 39 Ratanjot Jatropha curcas Euphorbiaceae 40 Goya Khair minosaceae

46 Annual Report 2017-18

S.No. Local Name Name of species Family 41 Karad Grass Dichanthium annulatum Poaceae 42 Neem Azadirachta indica Meliaceae 43 Khirni Wrightia tinctoria Apocynaceae 44 Anwal Chhal Cassia auriculata Caesalpiniaceae 45 Lasoda Cordia dichotoma Bovaginaceae 46 Sagwan Tactona grandis Lawiaceae 47 Hawan Gmeliana arborea lumiaceae 48 Badam Prunus dulcis Rosaceae 49 Kadam Neolamarckia cadamba Rubiaceae 50 Cassia siamea Cassia siamea Fabaceae 51 Kalpvraksh Adansonia digitata Malaceae 52 Morpankhi Thuja occientus cupressaceae 53 Kanak champa Pteraspermum acerifolium sterculiaceae 54 BhadrkshGuazuma ulmifolia Goodeniaceae 55 kapoor Cinnamomum camphora Lauraceae 56 Pam Arecaceae Arecaceae 57 Harsingar Nyctanthas arbortristis Oleaceae

Germination of Acacia nilotica

47 Annual Report 2017-18

5.3 Soil & Water Lab: 19 samples of soil and 13 samples of water were received from various forest divisions and farmers. Samples were analyzed for parameters like pH, Electrical Conductivity and results with suggestions were communicated to the concerned Divisions/persons. List of Forest divisions and others private cultivators from whome soil and water sample were received are as follows: Soil sample: S.No. Name of Divisions/ persons sample received Number of samples received 1 Nursery Kachroda,DCF Jaipur 02 2 Nursery Rajaldesar,DCF Churu 01 3 Range officer Fagi,DCF Jaiipur 01 4 Grass Farm Nursery, DCF Research Jaipur 05 5 ACF Dudu,Jaipur 02 6 Sh.Balram Vashishth,Rajasthan high court, Jaipur 01 7 Sh.Rakesh Dhanka,Village & Post Tutoli,Tehsil Chaksu,Jaipur 01 8 Sh.Bhagchand Jangid, Village Samalpura,Tehsil Phulera,Jaipur 01 9 Sh.Pradhan Jat, Village Samalpura,Tehsil Phulera,Jaipur 01 10 Sh.Shrawan Chaudhary, Village Samalpura,Tehsil Phulera,Jaipur 01 11 Sh.Rajesh Kumar, Village Samalpura,Tehsil Phulera,Jaipur 01 12 Cor. Muneesh Khusal,Pratapline Armicant,Jaipur 02 Total 19 Water sample: S.No. Name of Divisions/ persons sample received Number of samples 1 Nursery Govindpura,DCF Research,Jaipur 01 2 Nursery Kachroda,DCF Jaipur 02 3 Nursery Rajaldesar,DCF Churu 01 4 Nursery Papdi,Range Paota,DCF Jaipur(North) 01 5 Sh.Balram Vashishth,Rajasthan high court, Jaipur 01 6 Sh.Mukund Singh,Village Baneria,Tehsil malpura,Tonk 01 7 Sh.Karni Singh,Village Malpura,Tehsil malpura,Tonk 01 8 Sh.Bhagchand Jangid, Village Samalpura,Tehsil Phulera,Jaipur 01 9 Sh.Pradhan Jat, Village Samalpura,Tehsil Phulera,Jaipur 01 10 Sh.Shrawan Chaudhary, Village Samalpura,Tehsil Phulera,Jaipur 01 11 Sh.Rajesh Kumar, Village Samalpura,Tehsil Phulera,Jaipur 01 12 Cor.Muneesh Khusal,Pratapline Armicant,Jaipur 01 Total 13

Soil & Water Testing Lab at Grass Farm Nursery, Jaipur

48 Annual Report 2017-18

5.4 Seed ProductionAreas, Seed Collection & Storage: Seed Production Areas (SPAs) are created to produce seed of the best provenances of forest trees. High quality and healthy seeds are the pre-requisites for developing healthy quality plants. High quality seeds mean the seed which is physically and genetically pure, high in germination and vigour and free from pathological diseases and insect pest infestation. Use of improved seed from promising provenances and seed of superior known phenotype source will improve survival rate and enhancement of productivity of forests. Seed collection work along with cleaning by seed grading/cleaning machine, testing for germination, purity and moisture and treating the seed with fungicide and insecticides before packing and storage of most commonly found species in the state of Rajasthan has been undertaken by the seed production and collection unit of Silviculture office. Selection of seed production area (SPA), collection of quality seeds & its supply to divisions on demand is a major activity which is carried out in Silviculture office. 5.4.1 List of existing Seed ProductionAreas (SPA) as on 31.3.2017 are as follows: S.NoName of SPA Area (Ha.) Species Division Year of creation

1. 0-7 RD Sangeeta Distributory, Suratgarh 10Eucalyptus Sri Ganganagar 1997-98 2. Punch kund Pushkar 10Acacia senegal Ajmer 1997-98 3. Padhajhar Block Rawatbhata 10Acacia catechu Chittorgarh 1997-98 4. Bajor Plantation 10Vachellia tortilis Sikar 1997-98 5. Jhunjhunu beed 10Salvadora oleodis Jhunjhunu 1999-02 6. Block Umaro Ka Mathara, Range Saira, 40Jatropha curcas Udaipur (North) 2008-09 RDF Ist , plantation of year 2006 7. BlockAariwali Barwari, Range Saira Jatropha curcas Udaipur (North) 2008-09 1. RDF Model Ist Year2004 50 2. RDF Model IInd Year2006 100 3. RDF Model IInd Year2007 100 8. Bukala-B, Kukas, plantation of year 50Acacia senegal Jaipur 2008-09 1994-95 of Amer Range 9. Range Shahbad, Baran, Block Bhaisa Ghat A 100Acacia catechu Baran 2009-10 10. Beed Govindpura, Govindpura Research Farm, 95Prosopis cineraria CCF (Silva) 2011-12 Jaipur 11. Gurumba Plantation 89-90, Range Pushker 50Acacia senegal Ajmer 2011-12 12. Ganoli, Range Mandalgarh 100Acacia leucophloea Bhilwara 2011-12 13. Beer Fatehpur, Rage Fatehpur 180Acacia senegal Sikar 2011-12 14. Umarjhala Pathara, Range Ghatol 50Acacia catechu Banswara 2011-12 15. Forest Block Kalakh, Range Dudu, 50Vachellia tortilis Jaipur (south) 2012-13 16. Forest Block Dausa Pahar, Range Dausa. 50Acacia senegal Dausa 2012-13

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S.NoName of SPA Area (Ha.) Species Division Year of creation

17. OECF Mohangarh, 1440-45 RD main canal 2Tecomella undulata Jaishalmer 2012-13 18. OECF Mohangarh, 15-16 RD Sahid 3Tecomella undulata Jaishalmer 2012-13 Birbal Shakha 19. Forest Block Raydari, Range Ogna 100Pongamia pinnata Udaipur 2012-13 20. Forest Block Ogna, Sankhla, Range Ogna 200Wrightia tinctoria Udaipur 2012-13 21. Oda Plantation, Range Sarada 50Acacia senegal Udaipur 2012-13 22. Guneshawar Mahadev plantation, Range Sarada 300Acacia senegal Udaipur 2012-13 23. Gawdapal, Salumber Ist plantation, 50Acacia catechu Udaipur 2012-13 Range Salumber 24. Gawdapal, Salumber IInd plantation, 50Acacia catechu Udaipur 2012-13 Range Salumber 25. Gawdapal, Salumber IIIrd plantation, 50Acacia catechu Udaipur 2012-13 Range Salumber 26. Lunia minor 0-20 RD 35Vachellia nilotica Sri Ganganagar 2014-15 27. Malkewali distributor 36-55 RD 9.6Vachellia nilotica Sri Ganganagar 2014-15 28. Gharsana-Rawla road Side - 12KM (Both side) 21Vachellia nilotica Sri Ganganagar 2014-15 29. Hokra – C, Makadwali Range Pushker 50Acacia tortils Ajmer 2015-16

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5.4.2 Seed Collection from SPA: Seeds of various 5.6.2 During the year 25,000 seedlings were species are collected from SPA's and distributed to local people. distributed to different forest divisions. No 5.6.3 Regular maintenance of Arboretum (145 Ha.) seed collection was made due to paucity of & Amrita Devi Udyan (35 ha.) was done funds. throughout the year. 5.5 Forest Research Farm Govindpura, 5.6.4 Clonal orchard of Commiphora wightii Jaipur: (Guggul) was maintained. Survival 5.5.1 Clonal Seed Orchards (14), Seedling Seed percentages of plants are above 90 %. Orchards (9) and 5 other plots (in total 28 5.6.5 During the year 454 visitors of different schools, plots) were maintained during the year. colleges, Universities & institutions visited 5.5.2 15000 Seedlings were raised during the year Arboretum. Their invaluable remarks are 2017-18 for distribution under Farm recorded in visitor's book available at the Range Forestry. Office. 5.5.3 During the year 15000 seedlings were raised Apart from this a large numbers of regular under R.F.B.P. visitors also visited the arboretum. Years wise visitor 5.5.4 Social-cost benefit of INR 4.40 lakhs (@Rs are as under 2/kg.) was accrued to villagers adjoining S. NO. YEAR NO. OF VISITORS Govindpura Research farm due to harvesting 1 2011-12 1027 of Cenchrus ciliaris (Dhaman grass) of 220 ton to 225 families. 2 2012-13 1515 3 2013-14 1696 5.5.5 Green agri-net was repaired during the year . 4 2014-15 1804 5.6 World ForestryArboretum Jaipur: 5 2015-16 1810 Apart from regular maintenance of 6 2016-17 2088 Arboretum other activities executed were as follows: 7 2017-18 454 5.6.1 25,000 seedlings belonging to 27 different 5.6.6 World environment day and world Forestry plant species were raised during 2017-18 for day were celebrated at Arboretum and school distribution in year 2018-19. 25,000 children and local people also participated in Seedlings belonging to different species were these Programs. Amrita Devi Shahidi Divas raised for making tall plants under farm was also celebrated in collaboration with forestry and these plants will be made Vishnoi Samaj. available for distribution in year 2019-20. 5.6.7 In Amritadevi Udyan 100 NSS students have 35000 seedling of various plant species were given contribution ofSram Dan . raised during 2016-17 were Transplanted in 5.6.8 A census study of wild life was done. Results 20cm x40cm size polybags for preparation of of the same were sent to Deputy Conservator tall plants in CAMPAscheme. of Forest, Jaipur.

51 Annual Report 2017-18

5.6.9 A collection center of soil and water has been 5.7 Forest Research Farm Banki, Udaipur: created atArboretum for testing soil and water Apart from regular maintenance of Banki samples. Farm the other activities were as follows: 5.6.10 Two days Nature camp was organised by 5.7.1 Seedlings of 32 different species of medicinal NSS. Awareness creation visits were also plants were raised for distribution in the year organised for school children and other stake 2017-18. Name of species along with number holders during the year. of plants raised are given as follows:- S. No. Common Name Botanical Name Total 1 Amaltas Cassia fistula 5000 2 Anjeer Ficus carica 1000 3 Anwla Phyllanthus emblica 10000 4 Areetha Sapindus emarginatus 3000 5 Baheda Terminalia bellirica 6000 6 Bel patra Aegle marmelos 2000 7 Chirmi Abrus precatorius 2000 8 Gudmar Gymnema sylvestre 6000 9 Guggal Commiphora wightii 6000 10 Guwar Patha Aloe vera 5000 11 Har singar Nyctanthes arbor-tristis 1000 12 Jinjha Bauhinia racemosa 3000 13 Kainth Limonia acidissima 2000 14 Kat karanj Caesalpinia bonduc 1000 15 Lehsun Bel Mansoa alliacea 1000 16 Lemon grass Cymbopogon flexuosus 1000 17 Mal Kangni Celastrus paniculatus 2000 18 Mahua Madhuca indica 5000 19 Neembu Citrus medica acida 2000 20 Nirgundi Vitex negundo 2000 21 Padal Stereospermum suaveolens 3000 22 Peepla mul Piper longum 1000 23 Putranjiva Putranjiva roxburghii 10003 24 Pather chatta Bryophyllum pinnatum 1000 25 Sarpgandha Rauwolfia serpentina 1000 26 Shatavari Asparagus racemosus 2000 27 Sheonag Oroxylum indicum 3000 28 Shikakari Acacia sinuata 4000 29 Sindoori Bixa orellana 4000 30 Tamra Bel Argyreia nervosa 1000 31 Tulsi Ocimum sanctum 5000 32 Vasa Adusa Adhatoda vasica 3000 Total 95,000 5.7.2 95,000 Seedlings belonging to 32 different plant species including medicinal plants were raised during 2017-18 will be available for distribution in 2018-19. 2,50,000 plants were transplanted in 20cm x 40cm size polybags from 12.5cm x 30cm polybags for prepration of tall plants in CAMPAscheme. 5.7.3 During the financial year 1,38,457 seedlings were distributed to local people and government department.

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6. High Tech Nurseries

High tech nursery is a combination of poly green There are two High Tech Nurseries under the house and agrinet house. Vegetative reproduction/ jurisdiction of Silviculture Office, Jaipur. clonal propagation is used in such nurseries to ensure 1. Grass Farm Nursery, Jaipur. genotypic similarities with the plant source. High tech 2. Banki Research Farm, Udaipur. nurseries overcome the limitations like poor control 6.1 High Tech Nursery, Grass Farm Nursery, over climatic factors, low germination percentage, Jaipur: longer duration, and high cost involved in Vegetative reproduction (vegetative conventional methods of plant raising. propagation, vegetative multiplication, vegetative

High Tech Nursery at Grass Farm Nursery, Jaipur

53 Annual Report 2017-18 cloning) is a form of asexual reproduction in plants) Now a day a concept of High Tech Nurseries and is a process by which new individuals arise without agrinet house has been introduced in Forest production of seeds or spores. Cutting is the most Department. In the mist chamber of High Tech Nurseries, small sized cutting with some hormonal common artificial vegetative propagation method, backup is used for propagating ecological and where pieces of the "parent" plant are removed and commercially important species. placed in a suitable environment so that they can During the year 2017-18 following plant grow into a whole new plant, the "clone", which is species were prepared in High Tech Nursery and then genetically identical to the parent plant material. shifted to poly bags.

S.No. Local name Scientific Name of species No. of plants prepared

1 AmlaPhyllanthus emblica 5000

2 ArduAilanthus excelsa 1000

3 BhadrakshGuazuma ulmifolia 2000

4 BottlebrushCallistemon citrinus 4000

5 BougainvilleaBougainvillea spectabillis 15000

6 BargadFicus benghalensis 1000

7 GulabRosa chinensis 18000

8 GularFicus glomerata 1000

9 JacarandaJacaranda mimosifolia 2000

10 KachnarBauhinia variegata 5000

11 KarondaCarissa carandas 6000

12 Lalsa Iresine herbstii 15000

13 MorpankhiPlatycladus orientalis 5000

14 NimbooCitrus aurantifolia 20000

Total 100000

54 Annual Report 2017-18

6.2 High Tech Nursery, Banki Research Farm, Banki, Udaipur: S.No. Local Name Scientific Name of species No. of Plants prepared 1 AreethaSapindus emarginatus 1000 2 ArjunTerminalia arjuna 5000 3 CharoliBuchanania lanzan 2000 4 GudmarGymnema sylvestre 2000 5 InderhokAnogeissus sericea 1000 6 PadalStereospermum suaveolens 1000 7 Palas YellowButea monosperma var. lutea 1000 8 PutranjivaPutranjiva roxburghii 1000 9 ShyonakOroxylum indicum 1000 10 TanasOugeinia oojeinensis 2000 11 TulsiOcimum sanctum 5000 12 Vish TenduDiospyros montana 2000 Total 24000

High Tech Nursery at Banki Research Farm, Udaipur

55 Annual Report 2017-18

7. MISCELLANEOUS

7.1. New initiatives Aims & objectives 7.1.1 Forest Foods Festival The aims and objectives of the forest food Introduction: festival are as under : Rajasthan region boasts tremendous diversity • To familiarize local edible plant diversity by of plants. The forests are important source of food for display of stalls. many of the local ethnic communities. There is a need • Spreading awareness of forest edible to create awareness among the public about the recourses importance of our traditional food heritage and • Knowing places of occurrence, time of importance of plants and their conservation. A special effort has been made to familiarize local availability, edible plant part method of edible plant diversity of different bio-geographical harvest, processing, storages, useful value regions by display of stalls. 2 days Forest food addition etc. festival has been organized in World Forestry • To demonstrate on the spot forest food Arboretum in the month of January. Sh. Mukesh processing. Tiwari, Assistant Conservator of Forests • To encourage herbal growers to adapt farming (Silviculture), Jaipur was the Project Investigator and convener of the food festival of lesser known forest food species.

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• To bring, herbal growers, folk dealers, students, at one platform to adapt healthy food habits teachers, scientist's environmentalists, tourists, based on natural products.

Forest food items displayed by National Institute of Ayurveda, Jaipur

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Collaborators Progress of the festival 2017-18 (1) Department of Ecology, University of • 2 days forest food festival organised at World Rajasthan ForestryArboretum, Jaipur • Principal Secretary forest inaugurated the (2) National Institute ofAyurveda,Jaipur festival (3) Nature Club of Rajasthan • 20 different forest food stalls displayed (4) Department of Botany, University of • 1345 students /childrens of different schools Rajasthan participated in function • Around 4000 people visited the festival. (5) NGO's of Jaipur • Foresters, naturalists, food lovers, (6) Forestry Training Institute, Jaipur researchers, local people also took part in (7) Department of Home Science, University of festival. Rajasthan • Forest food related painting and quiz competition organized for school children. (8) Forest DevelopmentAuthority, Udaipur • Discussion meetings organised with forest (9) Divine Food , Jaipur communities/stakeholders (10) SHGs from different regions of Rajasthan • Poster Presentations.

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• Stalls included different food items from 7.1.2 Workshop Mahua,Ashwagandha, Sahjan,Amla, Patthar To disseminate research findings pertaining to dry Chatta, Punarnava,Alsi, Pachkutta,Aloe vera land afforestation and to indentify research gaps etc. Introduction Following items were at display during food festival There is growing interest in widening public 1. Mahua sahjan CHAAT participation in research and practice in 2. Aswagandha KHEER environmental decision making and an awareness of 3. Sahjan and forest food mix SAMBHAR the importance of framing research questions that –IDLI reflect the needs of policy and practice. 4. LADOO, CANDY, MURABBA and JUICE Objectives : ofAnwla (1) To disseminate research findings pertaining to 5. Patthar chatta and Punarnava PAKODE dry land afforestation and to indentify 6. Ber and Khajoor items research gaps. 7. Aloe-vera JUICE and GEL. (2) To investigate a process for compiling and 8. Different Herbal items prioritizing a meaningful set of research 9. Aloe-vera DAL-BATI questions, which will be considered by 10. Sahjan CHAACH/JUICE participating stakeholders to have high policy relevance, using a collaborative bottom-up 11. PACHKUTTAof five forest ingredients approach involving professionals from a wide 12. Various food preparations of National set of disciplines of relevance to modern Institute ofAyurveda,Jaipur forestry.

Welcome of guests A Play by school children at festival

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Methodology used Two days workshop organised at Forestry Training Institute, Jaipur to disseminate research findings pertaining to dry land afforestation. Parallel facilitated discussions on separate themes, focused drafting sessions and whole-group sessions were also held. Participants Participants No's Participants No's PCCF/APCCF/CF43 Research Officers And Research Assistants Deputy Conservator of Forests11 Scientists 3 AssistantConservator of Forests 17 Professors 2 Range Officers91 Progressive Farmers Other Frontline Staff72 Researchers Total No Of Participants 59

Collaborators • Generating awareness among the people for • Regional CCF's/APCCF's forest conservation and benefit sharing • AFRI, Jodhpur • Identification and selection of area specific • Forestry Training Institute, Jaipur species for seed collection and their uses in • State Medicinal Plant Board, Rajasthan, afforestation of various stress sites Jaipur • Use of species promoting regeneration of · Rajasthan Biodiversity Board, Jaipur indigenous flora and increasing biodiversity · University of Rajasthan and productivity. Recommendations • Selection and utilization of species with low Working group I: Climate Change and Species water requirement under plantation Suitability inAfforestation • • Identification of species /variety/strains Screening of species with high carbon content better adapting to changing climatic and growth for high rate of carbon conditions through long term ecological sequestration. studies located in different agroclimatic • Documentation and geo-tagging of conditions. agroclimatic zone wise species under red data • Utilization of indigenous species in enrichment planting of sacred groves for list. better adaptation and mitigation of climate • Utilization of beneficial effects of rising CO2 change. and air temperature in biomass production by • Devising mechanism to promote incentive improving soil water, and nutrients based tree farming on farmers land or conditions. community lands

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Working group II: Revisiting Afforestation • Payment for environmental services - models ecosystem services provided by forests • Allocation of wages for watch and ward (specially for providing clean water) should should be rationalized (not per ha rate) be provided with a price tag

• It should be a fixed charge per site/unit (15-50 Working group IV: Forest and People Livelihood ha) • Encourage Agroforestry, Medicinal planting • Revisit to the plantation models for making in agri field, like Sonamukhi,Aloe vera changes as per site conditions i.e. soil, • Forest food products-Plants of forest food like topography, rainfall etc. Kair, Sangri, Kumath, should be protected • Number of irrigation should be increased (4-6 and enriched in field. Alternate of farming, as per site and rainfall pattern) value addition in natural vegetables should be encouraged. • In case of natural calamity and in situation beyond control there should be provision for • Forest Food Festivals should be organised re-plantation after proper evaluation. throughout the Rajasthan. • Feedback from the field level staff should be • Soil and moisture conservation works can be obtained to increase success rate of different adopted for water table recharge thereby plantation models resulting in additional income of villagers. • Region specific species should be selected for • Medicinal plant spp. like Malkangni, plantation activity Shikakai, Katkaranj etc. can be developed on trees and walls of village for additional • Site specific SWC activity should be adopted. income generation of villagers. Working group III: Forests and Water • Villagers should be provided marketing • Site specific rainwater harvesting and Soil techniques of Medicinal plants. and Water Conservation works should be • Need for research- Research can be carried out adopted by preparing micro-plan in advance. for forest food spp. like Kheenp, Phogla, and • Site protection and SWC works are sufficient Kankera etc. to restore degraded hilly areas and revive 7.2.0 Library: There are around 1200 books hydrological cycle on forestry, wildlife and associated subjects in the • Carrying capacity of the land need to be library. Archive records of old periodicals are being considered before preparing a plantation maintained. A set of CDs of Indian Forester model Information System developed by ICFRE is also

61 Annual Report 2017-18 available in our library. the year. The officers were acquainted with high-tech 7.3.0 Officers undergoing various training nursery set up, soil & water lab facility, methodology courses at Forestry Training Institute, Jaipur visited adopted for seed testing in lab, seed processing unit the World Forestry Arboretum, Banki Research and resource center cum library facility of State Farm, Udaipur and Grass Farm campus throughout Silviculturist Office.

Visit of Forester Trainees at Banki Research Farm, Udaipur

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7.4 Expenditure Report 2017-18:

BUDGET HEAD Budget Total Exp.

Rs. In Lacs

4406-01-800-03-01 63- Vriksharopan 10.02 9.80

2406-01-001-(02) NP 21- Anurakshan 9.00 8.99

2406-01-001-04-01 NP 63- Vriksharopan (Revolving Fund) 9.10 8.96

4406-01-800- Plan 63- Vriksharopan (Farm forestry & Modernization of Nursery) 8.22 8.21

2406-01-101-20 21- Adhunikikaran maramte 6.00 5.92

2406-01-101-18 Plan 28 Misc. Exp. 25.00 20.80

CAMPA FUND (For Audit of account) 76.72 58.98

2406-01-101-10 Plan 62-Computerization 1.35 1.35

TOTAL 145.41 123.01

View of Red House at World Forestry Arboretum, Jaipur

63 Annual Report 2017-18

Bambusetum at Banki Research Farm, Udaipur Bambusetum atArboretum, Jaipur

64