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Koexistence a Rozdělení Niky U Pavouků Rodu Philodromus
Masarykova univerzita Přírodovědecká fakulta Ústav botaniky a zoologie Koexistence a rozdělení niky u pavouků rodu Philodromus Diplomová práce Autor: Radek Michalko Brno 2012 Vedoucí DP: doc. Mgr. Stano Pekár Ph.D. 1 Souhlasím s uloţením této diplomové práce v knihovně Ústavu botaniky a zoologie PřF MU v Brně, případně v jiné knihovně MU, s jejím veřejným půjčováním a vyuţitím pro vědecké, vzdělávací nebo jiné veřejně prospěšné účely, a to za předpokladu, ţe převzaté informace budou řádně citovány a nebudou vyuţívány komerčně. V Brně 8.1.2012 ………………………………… Podpis 2 PODĚKOVÁNÍ Zejména bych chtěl poděkovat vedoucímu mé diplomové práce panu docentu Stanu Pekárovi, ţe mi umoţnil pracovat na tomto tématu, za trpělivé vedení a uţitečné rady. Dále bych chtěl velice poděkovat mým rodičům, bez jejichţ osobní a finanční podpory by tato práce nevznikla. Rovněţ bych chtěl poděkovat Lence Sentenské, Evě Líznarové, Pavlovi Šebkovi a Stanovi Korenkovi za podporu a cenné rady všeho druhu. 3 ABSTRAKT Koexistence a rozdělení niky pavouků rodu Philodromus V této diplomové práci byl zkoumán mechanismus umoţňující koexistenci mezi Philodromus albidus, P. aureolus a P. cespitum. Studie probíhala na území významného krajinného prvku U Kříţe v Brně Starém Lískovci. Studované území se skládá ze třech typů biotopů: listnatý les, křoviny a monokultura švestek. Pavouci byli získáváni pomocí sklepávání. U zkoumaných druhů byly porovnávány různé dimenze niky. Prostorová nika byla zkoumána na základě mikro- aţ makrobiotopových preferencí. Trofická nika byla zkoumána na základě velikosti a typu přirozené kořisti a pomocí laboratorních experimentů potravních preferencí. Časová nika byla zkoumána na základě fenologie jednotlivých druhů. Studované druhy se lišily v prostorové a trofické nice. -
Distribution of Spiders in Coastal Grey Dunes
kaft_def 7/8/04 11:22 AM Pagina 1 SPATIAL PATTERNS AND EVOLUTIONARY D ISTRIBUTION OF SPIDERS IN COASTAL GREY DUNES Distribution of spiders in coastal grey dunes SPATIAL PATTERNS AND EVOLUTIONARY- ECOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF DISPERSAL - ECOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF DISPERSAL Dries Bonte Dispersal is crucial in structuring species distribution, population structure and species ranges at large geographical scales or within local patchily distributed populations. The knowledge of dispersal evolution, motivation, its effect on metapopulation dynamics and species distribution at multiple scales is poorly understood and many questions remain unsolved or require empirical verification. In this thesis we contribute to the knowledge of dispersal, by studying both ecological and evolutionary aspects of spider dispersal in fragmented grey dunes. Studies were performed at the individual, population and assemblage level and indicate that behavioural traits narrowly linked to dispersal, con- siderably show [adaptive] variation in function of habitat quality and geometry. Dispersal also determines spider distribution patterns and metapopulation dynamics. Consequently, our results stress the need to integrate knowledge on behavioural ecology within the study of ecological landscapes. / Promotor: Prof. Dr. Eckhart Kuijken [Ghent University & Institute of Nature Dries Bonte Conservation] Co-promotor: Prf. Dr. Jean-Pierre Maelfait [Ghent University & Institute of Nature Conservation] and Prof. Dr. Luc lens [Ghent University] Date of public defence: 6 February 2004 [Ghent University] Universiteit Gent Faculteit Wetenschappen Academiejaar 2003-2004 Distribution of spiders in coastal grey dunes: spatial patterns and evolutionary-ecological importance of dispersal Verspreiding van spinnen in grijze kustduinen: ruimtelijke patronen en evolutionair-ecologisch belang van dispersie door Dries Bonte Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor [Ph.D.] in Sciences Proefschrift voorgedragen tot het bekomen van de graad van Doctor in de Wetenschappen Promotor: Prof. -
Arachnida, Araneae)
Genetics and Molecular Biology, 31, 4, 857-867 (2008) Copyright © 2008, Sociedade Brasileira de Genética. Printed in Brazil www.sbg.org.br Research Article Cytogenetic studies of three Lycosidae species from Argentina (Arachnida, Araneae) María A. Chemisquy1, Sergio G. Rodríguez Gil2, Cristina L. Scioscia3 and Liliana M. Mola2,4 1Instituto de Botánica Darwinion, San Isidro, Buenos Aires, Argentina. 2Laboratorio de Citogenética y Evolución, Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. 3División Aracnología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. 4Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Abstract Cytogenetic studies of the family Lycosidae (Arachnida: Araneae) are scarce. Less than 4% of the described species have been analyzed and the male haploid chromosome numbers ranged from 8+X1X2 to 13+X1X2. Species formerly classified as Lycosa were the most studied ones. Our aim in this work was to perform a comparative analysis of the meiosis in “Lycosa” erythrognatha Lucas, “Lycosa” pampeana Holmberg and Schizocosa malitiosa (Tullgren). We also compared male and female karyotypes and characterized the heterochromatin of “L.” erythrognatha. The males of the three species had 2n = 22, n = 10+X1X2, all the chromosomes were telocentric and there was generally a single chiasma per bivalent. In “Lycosa” pampeana, which is described cytogenetically for the first time herein, the bivalents and sex chromosomes showed a clustered arrangement at prometaphase I. The comparison of the male/female karyotypes (2n = 22/24) of “Lycosa” erythrognatha revealed that the sex chromosomes were the largest of the com- plement and that the autosomes decreased gradually in size. -
Pókok Szünbiológiai Kutatása Az Ember Által Befolyásolt Tájban
AKADÉMIAI DOKTORI ÉRTEKEZÉS Pókok szünbiológiai kutatása az ember által befolyásolt tájban Samu Ferenc, Ph.D. MTA Növényvédelmi Kutatóintézet Budapest 2007 TARTALOM 1 Előszó................................................................................................................... 4 2 Bevezetés ............................................................................................................. 6 2.1 Melyek a pókok ökológiai szerepét meghatározó fő biológiai tulajdonságok? .. 6 2.1.1 Táplálkozás........................................................................................................... 6 2.1.2 A pókfonál használata .......................................................................................... 7 2.1.3 Egyéb fiziológiai tulajdonságok......................................................................... 10 2.1.4 A pókok klasszikus ’sit-and-wait’ ragadozók .................................................... 11 2.2 Pókok a mezőgazdaságban................................................................................. 12 2.2.1 Pókok felhasználása a biológiai védekezésben .................................................. 12 2.2.2 Hazai előzmények a pókok kutatásában............................................................. 16 2.3 Kérdésfelvetés – a kutatások vázlata.................................................................. 18 3 A kutatás módszerei – metodológiai eredmények ......................................... 21 3.1 A kutatás módszerei .......................................................................................... -
Ontogenetska, Histološka, Semiohemijska I Etološka Istraživanja Vrste Pachyiulus Hungaricus (Karsch, 1881) (Diplopoda, Julida, Julidae)
UNIVERZITET U BEOGRADU BIOLOŠKI FAKULTET Zvezdana S. Jovanović ONTOGENETSKA, HISTOLOŠKA, SEMIOHEMIJSKA I ETOLOŠKA ISTRAŽIVANJA VRSTE PACHYIULUS HUNGARICUS (KARSCH, 1881) (DIPLOPODA, JULIDA, JULIDAE) doktorska disertacija Beograd, 2019 UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE FACULTY OF BIOLOGY Zvezdana S. Jovanović ONTOGENETIC, HISTOLOGICAL, SEMIOCHEMICAL AND ETHOLOGICAL RESEARCH OF PACHYIULUS HUNGARICUS (KARSCH, 1881) (DIPLOPODA, JULIDA, JULIDAE) Doctoral Dissertation Belgrade, 2019 Mentori: ____________________________________ Prof. dr Slobodan Makarov, redovni profesor, Univerzitet u Beogradu - Biološki fakultet ____________________________________ Prof. dr Luka Lučić, redovni profesor, Univerzitet u Beogradu - Biološki fakultet Članovi komisije: ____________________________________ Prof. dr Aleksandra Korać, redovni profesor Univerzitet u Beogradu - Biološki fakultet ____________________________________ Prof. dr Sofija Pavković-Lučić, redovni profesor Univerzitet u Beogradu - Biološki fakultet ____________________________________ Dr Ljubodrag Vujisić, docent Univerzitet u Beogradu - Hemijski fakultet Datum odbrane: ______________ ZAHVALNICA Ova doktorska disertacija je urađena na Katedri za dinamiku razvića životinja Univerziteta u Beogradu - Biološkog fakulteta, i predstavlja rezultat saradnje sa Katedrom za biologiju ćelija i tkiva i Centrom za elektronsku mikroskopiju, Katedrom za mikrobiologiju Univerziteta u Beogradu - Biološkog fakulteta i Katedrom za organsku hemiju Univerziteta u Beogradu - Hemijskog fakulteta. Finansijska podrška obezbeđena -
Araneae, Lycosidae)
1996 . The Journal of Arachnology 24:186—200 PATTERN AND DURATION OF COPULATION IN WOLF SPIDERS (ARANEAE, LYCOSIDAE) Gail E. Stratton'' 4, Eileen A. Hebets 2.5 , Patricia R. Miller3 and Gary L. Miller2: 'Albion College, Albion, Michigan 49221 USA ; University of Mississippi , University, Mississippi 38677 USA ; and Northwest Mississippi Community College , Senatobia, Mississippi 38668 US A ABSTRACT . The temporal patterns of insertion of male palps, expansion of the hematodocha an d duration of copulation are reported for 10 species of Schizocosa Chamberlin 1904, three species of Ra- bidosa Roewer 1955, one species of Gladicosa Brady 1986, one species of Hogna Simon 1885, two species of Isohogna Roewer 1960, one species of Trochosa C.L. Koch 1848, one species of Geolycosa Montgomery 1904, two species of Arctosa C.L. Koch 1848, three species of Alopecosa Simon 1885 and six species of Pardosa C.L. Koch 1847 . In all species of Schizocosa examined so far, males showed a pattern composed of a series of insertions with one palp followed by a switch to the opposite side and a separate series of insertions with the other palp . During each insertion there was a single expansion of the hematodocha . These copulations generally lasted from 1—4 hours . Males of Gladicosa bellamyi (Gertsch Wallace 1937) and Hogna georgicola (Walckenaer 1837) likewise showed a series of insertions on one side followed by insertions on the other side, with a single expansion of the hematodocha wit h each insertion . Males of Arctosa littoralis (Hentz 1844), A. sanctaerosae Gertsch Wallace 1935 and Geolycosa rogersi Wallace 1942 each copulated by alternating palps with a single insertion and singl e expansion of the hematodocha. -
Book of Abstracts
organized by: European Society of Arachnology Welcome to the 27th European Congress of Arachnology held from 2nd – 7th September 2012 in Ljubljana, Slovenia. The 2012 European Society of Arachnology (http://www.european-arachnology.org/) yearly congress is organized by Matjaž Kuntner and the EZ lab (http://ezlab.zrc-sazu.si) and held at the Scientific Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Novi trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. The main congress venue is the newly renovated Atrium at Novi Trg 2, and the additional auditorium is the Prešernova dvorana (Prešernova Hall) at Novi Trg 4. This book contains the abstracts of the 4 plenary, 85 oral and 68 poster presentations arranged alphabetically by first author, a list of 177 participants from 42 countries, and an abstract author index. The program and other day to day information will be delivered to the participants during registration. We are delighted to announce the plenary talks by the following authors: Jason Bond, Auburn University, USA (Integrative approaches to delimiting species and taxonomy: lesson learned from highly structured arthropod taxa); Fiona Cross, University of Canterbury, New Zealand (Olfaction-based behaviour in a mosquito-eating jumping spider); Eileen Hebets, University of Nebraska, USA (Interacting traits and secret senses – arach- nids as models for studies of behavioral evolution); Fritz Vollrath, University of Oxford, UK (The secrets of silk). Enjoy your time in Ljubljana and around in Slovenia. Matjaž Kuntner and co-workers: Scientific and program committee: Matjaž Kuntner, ZRC SAZU, Slovenia Simona Kralj-Fišer, ZRC SAZU, Slovenia Ingi Agnarsson, University of Vermont, USA Christian Kropf, Natural History Museum Berne, Switzerland Daiqin Li, National University of Singapore, Singapore Miquel Arnedo, University of Barcelona, Spain Organizing committee: Matjaž Gregorič, Nina Vidergar, Tjaša Lokovšek, Ren-Chung Cheng, Klemen Čandek, Olga Kardoš, Martin Turjak, Tea Knapič, Urška Pristovšek, Klavdija Šuen. -
Substrate-Dependent Signaling Success in the Wolf Spider, Schizocosa Retrorsa
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Eileen Hebets Publications Papers in the Biological Sciences 2-1-2008 Substrate-dependent signaling success in the wolf spider, Schizocosa retrorsa Eileen Hebets University of Nebraska - Lincoln, [email protected] Damian O. Elias University of Toronto, Scarborough Andrew C. Mason University of British Columbia Gary L. Miller Wichita State University Gail E. Stratton University of Mississippi, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/bioscihebets Part of the Behavior and Ethology Commons Hebets, Eileen; Elias, Damian O.; Mason, Andrew C.; Miller, Gary L.; and Stratton, Gail E., "Substrate- dependent signaling success in the wolf spider, Schizocosa retrorsa" (2008). Eileen Hebets Publications. 14. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/bioscihebets/14 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Papers in the Biological Sciences at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Eileen Hebets Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Published in Animal Behaviour 75:2 (February 2008), pp. 605-615; doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2007.06.021 Copyright © 2007 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour; published by Elsevier Ltd. Used by permission. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00033472 Submitted March 15, 2007; revised April 9, 2007; accepted June 12, 2007; published online February 2, 2008. Substrate-dependent signalling success in the wolf spider, Schizocosa retrorsa Eileen A. Hebets,1 Damian O. Elias,2,3 Andrew C. Mason,3 Gary L. Miller,4 and Gail E. Stratton5 1 School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska–Lincoln 2 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto, Scarborough 3 Departments of Zoology and Botany, University of British Columbia 4 Department of Biology, Wichita State University 5 Department of Biology, University of Mississippi Corresponding author: E. -
Common Spiders of the Chicago Region 1 the Field Museum – Division of Environment, Culture, and Conservation
An Introduction to the Spiders of Chicago Wilderness, USA Common Spiders of the Chicago Region 1 The Field Museum – Division of Environment, Culture, and Conservation Produced by: Jane and John Balaban, North Branch Restoration Project; Rebecca Schillo, Conservation Ecologist, The Field Museum; Lynette Schimming, BugGuide.net. © ECCo, The Field Museum, Chicago, IL 60605 USA [http://fieldmuseum.org/IDtools] [[email protected]] version 2, 2/2012 Images © Tom Murray, Lynette Schimming, Jane and John Balaban, and others – Under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License (non-native species listed in red) ARANEIDAE ORB WEAVERS Orb Weavers and Long-Jawed Orb Weavers make classic orb webs made famous by the book Charlotte’s Web. You can sometimes tell a spider by its eyes, most have eight. This chart shows the orb weaver eye arrangement (see pg 6 for more info) 1 ARANEIDAE 2 Argiope aurantia 3 Argiope trifasciata 4 Araneus marmoreus Orb Weaver Spider Web Black and Yellow Argiope Banded Argiope Marbled Orbweaver ORB WEAVERS are classic spiders of gardens, grasslands, and woodlands. The Argiope shown here are the large grassland spiders of late summer and fall. Most Orb Weavers mature in late summer and look slightly different as juveniles. Pattern and coloring can vary in some species such as Araneus marmoreus. See the link for photos of its color patterns: 5 Araneus thaddeus 6 Araneus cingulatus 7 Araneus diadematus 8 Araneus trifolium http://bugguide.net/node/view/2016 Lattice Orbweaver Cross Orbweaver Shamrock Orbweaver 9 Metepeira labyrinthea 10 Neoscona arabesca 11 Larinioides cornutus 12 Araniella displicata 13 Verrucosa arenata Labyrinth Orbweaver Arabesque Orbweaver Furrow Orbweaver Sixspotted Orbweaver Arrowhead Spider TETRAGNATHIDAE LONG-JAWED ORB WEAVERS Leucauge is a common colorful spider of our gardens and woodlands, often found hanging under its almost horizontal web. -
Temporal Patterns of Nutrition Dependence in Secondary Sexual Traits and Their Varying Impacts on Male Mating Success Malcolm F
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Eileen Hebets Publications Papers in the Biological Sciences 3-2015 Temporal patterns of nutrition dependence in secondary sexual traits and their varying impacts on male mating success Malcolm F. Rosenthal University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Eileen A. Hebets University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/bioscihebets Part of the Animal Sciences Commons, Behavior and Ethology Commons, Biology Commons, Entomology Commons, and the Genetics and Genomics Commons Rosenthal, Malcolm F. and Hebets, Eileen A., "Temporal patterns of nutrition dependence in secondary sexual traits and their varying impacts on male mating success" (2015). Eileen Hebets Publications. 68. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/bioscihebets/68 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Papers in the Biological Sciences at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Eileen Hebets Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Published in Animal Behaviour 103 (2015), pp. 75–82. doi 10.1016/j.anbehav.2015.02.001 Copyright © 2015 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Used by permission. Submitted 8 September 2014; accepted 17 October 2014 and 30 December 2014; online 13 March 2015 digitalcommons.unl.edu Temporal patterns of nutrition dependence in secondary sexual traits and their varying impacts on male mating success Malcolm F. Rosenthal and Eileen A. Hebets School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, U.S.A. Corresponding author — M. F. -
List of Ohio Spiders
List of Ohio Spiders 20 March 2018 Richard A. Bradley Department of EEO Biology Ohio State University Museum of Biodiversity 1315 Kinnear Road Columbus, OH 43212 This list is based on published specimen records of spider species from Ohio. Additional species that have been recorded during the Ohio Spider Survey (beginning 1994) are also included. I would very much appreciate any corrections; please mail them to the above address or email ([email protected]). 656 [+5] Species Mygalomorphae Antrodiaetidae (foldingdoor spiders) (2) Antrodiaetus robustus (Simon, 1890) Antrodiaetus unicolor (Hentz, 1842) Atypidae (purseweb spiders) (3) Sphodros coylei Gertsch & Platnick, 1980 Sphodros niger (Hentz, 1842) Sphodros rufipes (Latreille, 1829) Ctenizidae (trapdoor spiders) (1) Ummidia audouini (Lucas, 1835) Araneomorphae Agelenidae (funnel weavers) (14) Agelenopsis emertoni Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935 | Agelenopsis kastoni Chamberlin & Ivie, 1941 | Agelenopsis naevia (Walckenaer, 1805) grass spiders Agelenopsis pennsylvanica (C.L. Koch, 1843) | Agelnopsis potteri (Blackwell, 1846) | Agelenopsis utahana (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1933) | Coras aerialis Muma, 1946 Coras juvenilis (Keyserling, 1881) Coras lamellosus (Keyserling, 1887) Coras medicinalis (Hentz, 1821) Coras montanus (Emerton, 1889) Tegenaria domestica (Clerck, 1757) barn funnel weaver In Wadotes calcaratus (Keyserling, 1887) Wadotes hybridus (Emerton, 1889) Amaurobiidae (hackledmesh weavers) (2) Amaurobius ferox (Walckenaer, 1830) In Callobius bennetti (Blackwall, 1848) Anyphaenidae (ghost spiders) -
Spider Sex Pheromones: Emission, Reception, Structures, and Functions
Biol. Rev. (2007), 82, pp. 27–48. 27 doi:10.1111/j.1469-185X.2006.00002.x Spider sex pheromones: emission, reception, structures, and functions A. C. Gaskett* Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia (Received 17 October 2005; revised 30 August 2006; accepted 11 September 2006) ABSTRACT Spiders and their mating systems are useful study subjects with which to investigate questions of widespread interest about sexual selection, pre- and post-copulatory mate choice, sperm competition, mating strategies, and sexual conflict. Conclusions drawn from such studies are broadly applicable to a range of taxa, but rely on accurate understanding of spider sexual interactions. Extensive behavioural experimentation demonstrates the presence of sex pheromones in many spider species, and recent major advances in the identification of spider sex pheromones merit review. Synthesised here are the emission, transmission, structures, and functions of spider sex pheromones, with emphasis on the crucial and dynamic role of sex pheromones in female and male mating strategies generally. Techniques for behavioural, chemical and electrophysiological study are summarised, and I aim to provide guidelines for incorporating sex pheromones into future studies of spider mating. In the spiders, pheromones are generally emitted by females and received by males, but this pattern is not universal. Female spiders emit cuticular and/or silk-based sex pheromones, which can be airborne or received via contact with chemoreceptors on male pedipalps. Airborne pheromones primarily attract males or elicit male searching behaviour. Contact pheromones stimulate male courtship behaviour and provide specific information about the emitter’s identity. Male spiders are generally choosy and are often most attracted to adult virgin females and juvenile females prior to their final moult.