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AUTHOR Colombo, Luann; Ransick, Kristina; Recio, Belinda TITLE NOVA Spring 1999 Teacher's Guide. INSTITUTION WGBH-TV, Boston, MA. SPONS AGENCY Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Co., Milwaukee, WI. PUB DATE 1999-00-00 NOTE 47p.; Published semiannually. Also funded by the Park Foundation and iomega. AVAILABLE FROM NOVA Teacher's Guide, WGBH, 125 Western Avenue, Boston, MA 02134; e-mail: [email protected]. PUB TYPE Guides - Classroom - Teacher (052) EDRS PRICE MF01/PCO2 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Biological Sciences; Elementary Secondary Education; *Integrated Activities; *Mathematics Education; Physical Sciences; Relevance (Education); *Science Education; Social Studies IDENTIFIERS NOVA (Television Series)
ABSTRACT This teacher's guide complements six programs that aired on the Public Broadcasting System (PBS) in the spring of 1999. Programs include: (1) "Surviving AIDS"; (2) "Secrets of Making Money"; (3) "Escape!: Fire"; (4) "Escape!: Car Crash";(5) "Volcanoes of the Deep"; and (6) "Odyssey of Life: Part 1. The Ultimate Journey". It provides activity set-ups related to the programs and what to do before and afterwatching the programs. Activity sheets, answers for the activity sheets, and additional resources are also included.(ASK)
Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. 0
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EDUCATION U S DEPARTMENT OF Improvement Office of Educational Research and PERMISSION TO REPRODUCEAND INFORMATION HAS EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL CENTER (ERIC) BEEN GRANTED BY Thisdocumenthas been reproduced as ittreceivedfrom the person or organization originating it Minor changes have beenmade to improve reproduction quality
Points of view or opinions stated inthis TO THE EDUCATIONALRESOURCES represent INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) document do not necessarily official OERI position or policy I
The Park Foundation is committed toeducation and quality television. We are pleased to beable to advance the work of NOVA, the preeminent televisionseries in science education. As you know, through study ofscience, young people acquire skills, knowledge, andmost of allan intellectualcuriosity.
The NOVA Teacher's Guide serves as anexcellent supplement for your use. We are grateful to youfor introducing students to the world of science.
Heartiest congratulations to NOVA onits 25th anniversary
season.
FOUNDATIONAL.
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2 V CS CU NOVA in the Classroom G.. V
Find out how to use this guide, what's new on NOVA Online CICI) 4T NOVA and how NOVA is being used in classrooms around the nation. .1 V) 04 Cr) Activity Everest: The Death Zone* (R) Week of January 5 SI The Beast of Loch Ness* Week of January 12 Submarines, Secrets and Spies* Week of January 19 Mysterious Crash of Flight 201** (R) . Week of January 26 * 6 Surviving AIDS* Week of February 2 10 Secrets of Making Money* (R) Week of February 9 ESCAPE! Because Accidents Happen* (4-hour Special) 14 Fire 18 Car Crash Week of February 16 (2-hour Broadcast) Plane Crash Abandon Ship Week of February 17 (Special Wednesday 2-hour Broadcast) Battle Alert In the Gulf* Week of February 23 Warnings from the Ice* (R) Week of March 2 ii
C Fastest Planes in the Sky* * (R) Week of March 23 * 24 Volcanoes of the Deep* Week of March 30 * la ii Warriors of the Amazon* (R) Week of April 6 ii Bombing of America* (R) Week of April 13 t outWA Lost City of Arabia* (R) Visit Ilia at the Boston Week of April 20 Kaboom!* (R) 16111II ill Week of April 27 arch 2s----2i A Man, A Plan, A Canal: Panama* Week of May 11 28 Odyssey of Life: Part I The Ultimate Journey* (R) Week of May 18 * S Si Odyssey of Life: Part II The Unknown World* (R) Week of May 25 Si Odyssey of Life: Part III The Photographer's Secrets* (R) Week of June 1 *
32 NOVA Video Catalog Lesson within OhLesson online at: 40 Ordering Guides and Transcripts this guide. http://wvnv.pbs.org/ I nova/teachers/ Because of schedule one-year off-air taping (R) indicates a repeat teachenguide.htmiL changes and space constraints, sights program from a previous some NOVA programs do not seven-day off-air taping NOVA season. have lessons. rights
1 Using This Guide
Before Watching After Watching Identifies main ideas in the program Gives ideas for reviewing the and suggests discussion questions and program and for following up on activities to prompt students' prior issues that were raised in the knowledge and alert students to impor- Before Watching section tant points to look for while watching
Program Contents Standards Summanzes the Connection 0.41.. major topics, events et4,0.4 ,V911.1. Identifies connections *we*.... =a0.1 between the student and findings explored PM ON* AIDS lats parr m ;am Or um. pa* win haw nom ma a* mows. apoodra HIV 0113gai in the program mono* Cnin 5-II activity and the 1... No Tv W.. era imam 1. Ma. Mu..AIDS. 41.1 ON. ...ter. I oft =M. 1. .11s. National Science 021 Imam...... ler '*"." Ys MYte LMe.0131111111101...EW (*mi Rain Education Standards VIM. Saall I ET. ..I UWE. 41.1.1a Oa. ON and the Curriculum linr II atea 0..1...... r0..1 [ow. lit 01 L 11... MI tire la Oa Mal W and Evaluation . =I Pow, Ilamo., pis=1.41.111..6115002.../...... 0 a. awn. los.2.. aim ti has MVO. **MY 10.1.."..11,101 Standards for School IS ..:IL1.1. ...MOW= b.. ere a.m.. M. -I =11 Mathematics. wry lor lare sad 11L 1 *Web .101. eathshc I ea 44.=Sollog dorm. draw ism. a* 0020.. ' 11. am. ILS .11,...6.24..,. 1108 Activity Setup ..11whafm al4. Gob 942 a 10atueWink. ow maloi 116....081.. U110141 Outlines the proce- Sem rag ole asint Nd gm Imdllhqroowl =NM, MEE .0,16. . 1hal dure and offers ideas 11¢reas 111 L for facilitating the 111.. samI1.0711.1.. I 1 ompl UMW " student activity. 1..satento rnwMU.Sat tME. p...1p 1 0011001067 mimIt .111. IWf.r3illir
Student Activity Activity Answer Outlines expected (Reproducible) Amory Wow s..11 two outcomes for the Guides students ono ads air GeSco°13 ...113 activity, further e.o.m. through the activi- h. Yes. arI.1111. =IL t. no mats. 0.101.1.1 i ba. fflrylss.,// explanation of ty with a materials . 11. a...11., Ina woo ...... 11.1an ..o.o.M14=46. ....110.111 .1. 1 LW= ...... 1. NM, 0.11. .. science concepts and .. Meramall11.. ...1.1 D. mom mama Dag On ad list, procedure moos Bola papa to... *OM ASig...t em. rom. mama. tips for extending steps and critical seemol. 1..11. 4.17.112....10./ the activity. thinking questions. SOPA th 1.re 1.1117. on....oymi..,M.001911.1 111.1norim.*11.11.0. 1.6/0111.00. RI V le dm. lo WY. Y..... 0.11111 OM.ma . Mello 1011 iy mean Mr. I/ slie Melm.1111. Ad Mid. 101..1. manta da10. . 1117.11- Resources 1.111,41.boom /M. =..11. IImeanommaVila Lists annotated wil12..1 MO...INN 1 1.0110011, 1 references of books, 1-1fl=1hm 11 40 articles and Web 0 10010.11*...111=.1 L.. 1 eallYOL0.01111. 13.14 sites. 1Awl 1.1.01 adhmlim1.1 Mi1eMaltionise4.1. 1.*/1imal Nig Wigrulys~f/ latolail.11 1 1.1101.olo .10twelor ...... {. , 4 IMOD 1.1.11.1111101, eil ...., .. Ilia
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6 Join the Adventure! Visit Us at NOVA Online! Get ready for the next NOVA/PBS Online Adventure, which will follow an attempt by archaeologists and engineers to raise an enormous Find Content for Each New Program obelisk using only the technology available to the ancient Egyptians. NOVA Online brings you Web sites to accompany Alongside regular dispatches on the progress of the experiment, your all of the new spring programs. See Resources students will also be able to navigate through some of the ancient in each lesson for details or visit our Web site at: monuments and temples of the New Kingdom. The adventure will http://www.pbs.org/nova launch in early March. To receive further information, sign up for the teacher's listserve at: http://www.pbs.org/nova/teachers/listsubscribe.html
This Week on NOVA Previous Sites Lesson Ideas This section features a listing of This section provides In this section, you'll find Check Out the science articles, features and access by program title ideas from your colleagues and activities on the Web site that or subject area to Web lesson plans from this teacher's accompany the most recent NOVA content for previous guide to help you integrate Our Teachers Site program Bnef descriptions and NOVA programs. current and past NOVA programs grade-level designations are pro- and NOVA Online Web sites into htto://wwwits.org/nova/teachers vided for everything on the site. your cumculum. \ /
Sign Up for Weekly Updates f Would you like to know what's coming up on NOVA each week, both 1 on television and the Web site? Join 1 I our mailing list and find out. Each week well send you a reminder of the date and title of the following week's broadcast, and what you'll find online to help you integrate the Web 1 I into your curriculum. And we'll keep you abreast of any special programs or online adventures we're planning.
...- Teacher's Guide Online Activities Shop Teacher's Exchange Sign up to receive your free Click here to go to our The shop gives you access to Here you can swap ideas teacher's guide by mail. activities designed especially NOVA programs available for with other teachers about for the Internet. purchase and lists other educa- how you use NOVA. tional products we offer. 7 Celebrate NOV 's 25thnmversary
and in an iacComputer! NOVA's 25th anniversary Help us to celebrate 25 years of science television on NOVA by letting us know how you use NOVA with your students and topics yourstudents season includes: think NOVA should consider for the next 25 years. Fall 1998 Lost at Sea: The Search for Enter to win by... Longitude telling us how you have used For contest rules and official entry Chasing El Nino this anniversary season's NOVA form visit the Teachers area of Terror in Space programs, NOVA Teacher's Guide NOVA Online (http://www.pbs. Special Effects: Titanic and Beyond and/or NOVA Online Web sites org/nova/teachers/) after Deadly Shadow of Vesuvius in your classroom, and January 15, 1999. Entry deadline Ice Mummies (3-Hour Special) having your students tell us is May 15, 1999. Frozen in Heaven what they would like to see on Siberian Ice Maiden NOVA in the next 25 years. Return of the Iceman Leopards of the Night Supersonic Spies Venus Unveiled The Perfect Pearl Spring 1999 NOV Videos 50°0 Off Everest: The Death Zone The Beast of Loch Ness In celebration of NOVA's 25th season, we're offering educators a special on Submarines, Secrets, and Spies all of our NOVA videos: 50 percent off on orders received by June 30, 1999. In Mystenous Crash of Flight 201 addition, teachers who fill out and send back the business reply card in this Surviving AIDS guide will be entered into a drawing to win a free one-hour NOVA video of Secrets of Making Money their choice. See page 32 for details. ESCAPE! * (4-hour Special) Fire Car Crash The Plane Crash I MIRACLE Abandon Ship of LIFE Battle Alert In the Gulf Warnings from the Ice Fastest Planes in the Sky Volcanoes of the Deep Warriors of the Amazon Bombing of America inT. Lost City of Arabia
An birtivAwarcl Winer g Kaboom! A Man, A Plan, A Canal: Panama eH ,t ."..e , or
Teaching with Sextants Pow
"How do these things work?" NOVAS "Lost at Sea: The Search for Longitude," That was the question that kept which premiered Fall coming up during Steven Branting's 1998, was a natural tie- creative thinking and pre- in. Branting uses clips engineering course two years ago. from the program to His students wanted to know how help students under- maritime sextants and astrolabes stand the role time- worked. keeping plays in navi- Which is what led Branting, who gation and the need for teaches at Jenifer Junior High accurate timepieces. School and Lewiston High School in The materials for Idaho, to develop a comprehensive Branting's unit include unit around the use of the modern- a student handout, day marine sextant. With grants classroom transparency set, student and Using their sextants to take a sun from a local company and his school teacher sextants, Internet access (to shot at local noon are (from left) board, Branting created a unit that connect to the U.S. Naval Observatory Nick Gauger, Marissa Williams, Alex begins with the history of naviga- clock) and a copy of the NOVA video. Mann, Tracy Fickenwirth, teacher tion, and includes material on Steven Branting and Sarah Baer.
how to: Branting, a facilitator of gifted educa- TrE solve problems of grids on tion, has developed several additional curved surfaces uses of the sextant as a teaching tool in calibrate sextants to ensure mathematics and geology. A sextant Become a NOVA mirror accuracy can be used: determine and take a local noon as a pelorus, an instrument meant featured Teacher shot to determine a ship's bearing in We'd like to hear from YOU! use an ephemeris to find relation to a distant object. Turning Tell us how you're using a NOVA "equation of time" and the sextant to a horizontal position, program or NOVA Online in "declination" for any given date this capability can be adapted to your classroom. Send your calculate latitude and longitude calculate the distance to an object comments to: from a local noon sighting using the trigonometric tangent http://www.pbs.org/nova/ use an artificial horizon function. teachers/teacherex.html to calculate the distance to tree and well post them in our leaves that have created images of Lesson Ideas section. Or send the Sun on the ground. your ideas to: to measure the angle of repose for Moreon talus slopes (the slopes of rock at Jenny Lisle the base of a cliff) in basalt WGBH, 125 Western Avenue Boston, MA 02134 longitude formations. Branting's unit can be found on If we choose to feature your For another cross - curricular NOVA Online's Teacher's Exchange at: classroom in the NOVA unit on longitude, "Navigating http://www.pbs.org/nova/teachers/ Teacher's Guide, well send you Around the World by Observing ideas/longitude.html and your students six free the Sun" (by James I. Sammons NOVA videos or two Classroom of Jamestown School in Rhode Field Trip kits of your choice. Island), see the Teacher's Exchange at the address listed at right. 5 Review with students the difference Ibetween bactenal and viral infec- 7 tions and have students list examples of each (bacteria are live organisms that cause infections such as tuberculosis or NOVA follows AIDS researchers studying pneumonia; viruses are nonliving parti- the immune systems of people who have cles that can only reproduce inside of a been infected with or exposed to HIV living cell using the cell's machinery but remain disease-free. The program: and can cause illnesses such as colds or the flu). Outline how antibodies, helper outlines how AIDS infects the body by T cells and killer T cells work in the invading and disabling the body's first immune system and how vaccines work. 7111111M line of defense helper T cells so I Discuss the difference between HIV that they can't signal killer T cells to L(human immunodeficiency virus) destroy the virus. and AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency relates that most efforts to combat the syndrome) (HN is the virus that causes AIDS; HN can remain dormant in the disease have focused on a vaccine or body for years before developing into the powerful combinations of drugs that disease known as AIDS, the onset of stop HIV from replicating in the body. which is marked by a drop in helper cells and the start of certain illnesses.) describes the finding that some indi- viduals who have been exposed to HIV but are virus-free have a genetic mutation in which one of two receptors neces- sary for HIV to bind to and invade cells is missing. 1 People sometimes have to make notes the effectiveness 1cntical health decisions without of aggressive treatment knowing the outcome for certain, such as John Cerevasky who stopped his in the disease's first antiviral therapy to find out how his stages of infection. immune system would react on its own. tells about new methods Ask students what they might have done if they were in that situation. What of treatment for infants factors go into making such a decision? 1 with the disease. .- .11- What kind of information would you ...... shows what happens want to have before making a decision like that? when a patient whose 4..').1.1,._ early treatment lowered 9 Although AIDS is the leading cause his viral load stops Lof death worldwide, the disease that causes it is totally preventable. Have treatment altogether. students design a prevention education Cross-section of HIV shows campaign that would appeal to their RNA strands (orange) peers. What is the most important enclosed in two protein coats message to get across? What would be (blue and mauve). A lipid the most persuasive way to send that bilayer (orange) is studded message? with glycoproteins (green) that bind to helper T cells in order to invade them. Objective To help students understand the facts and issues GtScoop I I I surrounding HIV and AIDS by creating a newspaper supplement containing information gathered from 1::II=2 research. The activity found on page 8 aligns with the following National Science Education Standards. Materials for each group copies of the Get the Scoop activity sheet on Grades 5-8 page 8 Science equipment for producing a newspaper supplement Standard C: (determined by your available technology) Life Science
Procedure Structure and function in living systems Start by asking students what they think they know or have heard about Disease is a breakdown in structures or 1HIV and AIDS. Then ask students what else they would like to know about functions of an organism. Some diseases are the disease (see Newspaper Ideas below). Write their responses on the board. the result of intrinsic failures of the system. Others are the result of damage by other Organize students into groups and hand out the Get the Scoop activity organisms. 46,441 Lsheet. Tell students that they are reporters for a newspaper that will Science Standard F: publish a section about HIV and AIDS. Outline the newspaper production Science in Personal and process: 1) receiving assignments, 2) making lists of questions and sources, Social Perspectives 3) checking their lists with you, the editor, 4) collecting facts, 5) having their assignments edited, 6) revising as needed and 7) producing their section. Personal health Students can do articles, bar graph charts, editorial cartoons, timelines, Sex drive is a natural human function 3advertisements or any other kind of newspaper element. Have groups that requires understanding. Sex is also a choose their element, and based on students' earlier responses, assign each prominent means of transmitting diseases. The diseases can be prevented through a group a topic to investigate. variety of precautions.
Have groups come up with questions and sources for their assignments. Risks and benefits 4After you review and revise these lists, students can use them to collect Important personal and social decisions their facts. are made based on perceptions of benefits and risks. Once students have completed their assignments, work with them to edit and critique their work. 5 Grades 9-12 To complete the lesson, have students produce their newspaper section, Science Standard F: 6deciding with them how they want to publish their work, where each story Science in Personal and or other element should appear in the publication, and why it makes sense to 0 ) Social Perspectives position it there.
As an extension, have students write editorial page articles in agreement Personal and community health 7or disagreement with some of the ethical and economic issues regarding The severity of disease symptoms is
HIV and AIDS. i==.Y-', dependent on many factors, such as human resistance and the virulence of the disease- producing organism. Many diseases can be Newspaper Ideas prevented, controlled or cured. Sexuality is basic to the physical, mental Some ideas you may want to suggest to students: and social development of humans. Students comparison of international statistics on HIV should understand that human sexuality and AIDS cases with U.S. statistics 4*. involves biological functions, psychological the role that culture may play in HIV motives, and cultural, ethnic, religious and transmission and mortality technological influences. Sex is a basic and powerful force that has consequences to comparison of public health policyworldwItel individuals' health and to society. ovi 11 liorie PAW More than 33 million people around the world are currently living with HIV/AIDS. AIDS, the disease that results from HIV, is now the leading cause of death of people worldwide. What do you know about the disease? What would you like to know? What do you think is important for others to know? Put on your reporter's hat, get the facts and write an article, create a bar graph chart, draw an editorial cartoon, make a timeline or put together an advertise- ment to help educate others.
Reporting Assignment:
Questions1 Sources of InformationI
Write questions that will help you collect Brainstorm a list of sources that will help you information for your assignment. answer your questions.
1 1
2 2
3
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5
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NOVAActivity e 1999 WGBH Educational Foundation Surviving AIDS Activity Answer How HIV Infects the Body Article Reporting assignments will vary HIV attacks the body's immune system, Cowley, Geoffrey. "Is AIDS Forever?" based on students' previous knowl- stnking at its first line of defense, Newsweek (July 6, 1998): 60-61. edge about various aspects of HIV helper T cells. HIV invades and destroys Discusses new developments in and AIDS. However, it is likely that these cells before they get a chance to experimental vaccines against HIV. several of the articles will deal with signal killer T cells that would ordinari- basics such as how HIV is transmit- ly destroy the virus. HIV can be present Web Sites ted, how it infects the body and for many years before symptoms emerge. NOVA Online Surviving AIDS how AIDS is treated. See below for The virus becomes AIDS when there is a http://www.pbs.org/nova/aids/ more information in those areas. drop in helper cells and the patient Delves deeper into the program's contracts an AIDS-defining illness. content and themes with features Discuss any conflicting information such as articles, timelines, inter- students found and possible reasons Current Treatments views, interactive activities, for the discrepancies. Reasons will The main methods of treating Hill and resource links, program transcripts vary, but some factors to consider AIDS include attacking the virus itself, and more. include the reliability of sources, strengthening the immune system and the probability of conflicting infor- controlling the accompanying AIDS- AIDS Action Council mation because of the amount related infections. However, standard http://www.aidsaction.org/ of information available and how therapy that combines powerful drugs AIDS Action is a national network current the information is. to stop HIV from replicating known of community-based AIDS service as AIDS cocktails are starting to show organizations. Its Web site provides How HIV is Transmitted life-threatening side effects after long- information about government HIV is found in the blood and in term use, including diabetes, high blood policies and congressional votes the semen or vaginal secretions of pressure and heart disease. In addition, concerning AIDS and links to other an infected person. Because of this, the cocktails require a stringent treat- AIDS Web sites. the virus can be transmitted by ment regimen, and almost half of the unprotected sex and by sharing The Body: An AIDS and HIV patients treated this way do not improve needles (during drug use, body Resource because the drugs are ineffective or the piercing or tatooing) with someone http://www.thebody.com/ patients develop a resistance to them. who is infected with the virus. HIV Features chat rooms and bulletin can be also transmitted from an boards on AIDS-related subjects, a infected mother to her baby during Resources forum to query top health experts, pregnancy, birth or breast feeding. Organizations a search engine on AIDS-related An infected person may look Centers for Disease Control and topics, information about receiving healthy but can still transmit Prevention treatment and support from AIDS the disease. The CDC National Prevention organizations and hotlines, and a Information Network provides infor- 15,000-document library. HIV cannot be transmitted by mation on AIDS-related educational insect bites or stings, and there is resources and copies of Public Health Centers for Disease Control almost no chance of infection Service publications. The Prevention and Prevention through a blood transfusion. You Network can be reached at (800) http://www.cdc.gov/nchstp/ also cannot get HIV from an infect- 458-5231. For information on the Web: hiv_aids/index.htm ed person with whom contact http://www.cdc.gov/nchstp/ This index includes the AIDS involves: hiv_aids/sitemap.htm Prevention Guide: The Facts About coughing or sneezing HN Infection and AIDS, a 26-page sweat or tears Book guide that covers how to talk to sharing spoons, cups or other Greenberg, Lorna. AIDS: How It Works young people about HIV infection eating utensils in the Body. New York: Franklin Watts, and AIDS, including what to say, hugging 1992. What some of their common ques- shaking or holding hands A comprehensive examination of the tions might be and where to go casual contact through biology of AIDS. for further information (requires closed-mouth kissing .Adobe Acrobat to view). 13 Program Contentsi
NOVA explains the reasons for the redesign of U.S. paper currency and describes security features that are embedded in the new $100 bill. The program: Organize students into large points out that bills with the original groups, and give each group a newly design are easy to counterfeit, having designed $20 bill. Have students been around since 1929 and in circula- observe and list the characteristics of tion worldwide. the redesigned U.S. currency. To see two of the new security features, have stu- broadly describes the traditional mode dents hold a bill up to the light and look of counterfeiting from creating a for a security thread embedded in the negative to printing the bill. paper (running through the left side of the bill) and a watermark in the right indicates that the Treasury Department side of the bill. To see another feature, is concerned both with casual counter- give them a hand lens or jeweler's loupe feiters who use color copiers and to locate the microprinting around the other modern reprographic equipment portrait on the front of the bill. As they and with professional counterfeiters. watch, have students look for features of U.S. and foreign currency that are states that while no single feature intended to be difficult to counterfeit. will make a bill counterfeit-proof, the Treasury Department hopes that by adding several new features the bill will be more difficult to counterfeit. reviews the new features, which include a security thread with numbers on it Changes to U.S. bills were made to denoting a bill's value, a watermark, an 1enhance security, not to alter the enlarged portrait, microprinting and notes aesthetically. Many countries, color-shifting ink. however, have highly decorative curren- cy. Bring in or have students bring in outlines the Treasury currency from other countries to com- Department's endurance pare with the U.S. bills. Ask students tests for bills, including what they think each design element simulating exposure to sun, symbolizes. What role do they think gasoline, washing, drying aesthetics should play in the design of and crumpling. a country's currency?
An enlarged portrait is one of several changes in U.S. bills designed to discourage counterfeiting. 4
i./ ,z \ -4 zF ''se.'*-- 17.." dr* ".Art, ft 11, - -Of The activity found on page 12 aligns with the following National Science Education Standards.
Grades 6.3 Science Standard A: Science as Inquiry
_ Abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry Objective Identify questions that can be answered through scientific investigations. To design an investigation that determines and compares properties of Design and conduct a scientific investigation. different kinds of materials and to choose a material that is best suited for Use appropriate tools and techniques to a particular purpose. gather, analyze and interpret data. Develop descriptions, explanations, predic- tions and models using evidence. Materials for each group Think critically and logically to make the copies of the Bucking Trends activity sheet on page 12 relationships between evidence and explana- sheet of white paper tions. scissors Recognize and analyze alternative explana- tions and predictions. wood pulp paper Communicate scientific procedures and lightweight cotton cloth explanations. S1 bill pencils, crayons or markers Grades 9-12 chalk, highlighters, fluorescent paint Science Standard A: safety glasses Science as Inquiry microscope or hand lens neodymium magnet ultraviolet light* .. Abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry Procedure Identify questions and concepts that guide Organize students into groups and distribute the Bucking Trends activity scientific investigations. sheet to each group. In Part I, have students consider the aesthetics of bill Design and conduct scientific investigations. design by choosing a nation they would like to represent and designing a bill Use technology and mathematics to improve investigations and communications. for that nation. If possible, have students bring in samples of foreign currency Formulate and revise scientific explanations to review. and models using logic and evidence. Have students include any security features they have learned about from Recognize and analyze alternative explana- tions and models. L the program or others they think of on their own, as well as symbols or Communicate and defend a scientific pictures they believe represent their chosen country. argument. Once they have designed their bills, have students continue to Part II. In this section, students will cut out their designed bills and compare them to same-sized cutouts of other materials and an actual U.S. bill. To conclude, ask students how good a choice is the material used for the U.S. bill and why. Why might the Treasury Department not have chosen other materials? As an extension, have students exptore a replacement system of currency
3 (such as traveler's checks, stamps, credit cards and plane tickets) and the security features used to deter counterfeiting.
*CAUTION: Have students wear safety glasses when using the ultraviolet light. 15 ...
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-,,- . '- als ,....- kn- iv The design of each U.S. bill is hard to counterfeit, and the paper and ink that are used to print the money are specially chosen and prepared. A bill's design also represents its nation's identity. Design a bill of your own and then test it against a U.S. bill and other materials to see any differences. --r -,
'. I '1- El')If Part I Part II Questionsr kll Do this part individually on a separate Do this part in your group. sheet of paper. 4 Cr-i:i 0 What other "invisible" security measures could be added to your bill? P4 Procedure Procedure 0 How are the materials you tested similar? How are they different? 0 Choose a country to represent 0 Now that you have drawn your bill, \.* .v . and draw your own version of a new, cut it out and test it against same- 0 Which sample is most like an counterfeit-proof bill for that coun- sized cutouts of wood pulp paper and actual U.S. bill? How? try. Make your bill the same size as an lightweight cotton cloth, as well as 0 Why does the material used for the 1 1 actual U.S. dollar bill. Use whatever an actual U.S. dollar bill. Once you U.S. bill seem like a good choice? Why security features you think are impor- have done the tests listed in the table, might the Treasury Department not 0 tant to prevent counterfeiting, and think up some tests of your own to i have chosen the other materials? 1. r...... I 41 add whatever portraits or symbols you determine how different materials ... . think would best represent your withstand the wear and tear a bill chosen nation. goes through during its lifetime.
_,_.., observation _., test reason for test your bill cutout of wood cutout of light- actual U.S. bill
...... , pulp paper weight cotton cloth .....,., ,.: look of each under to check for ...7. a microscope or features within ...... hand lens the material ,i. ,Arsr a avail' like this°ue 1.0k 4,'-'-'. place a to check for .... for Vut , t.. neodymium magnetic ink answers ....-., - t magnet near each .1, .... Materials for yourgroup qtr,,,,, sheet of white paper t # place each under to defect which i \.414,pl:, an ultraviolet materials will scissors light* fluoresce wood pulp paper , 01* lightweight cottoncloth
your fest: $1 bill pencils, crayonsor markers chalk, highlighters, fluorescent paint your test: safety glasses microscope or handlens neodymium magnet ultravioletlight *Wear safety glasses for this test.
NOVAActivity 0 1999 WGBH Educational Foundation 1 6 Secrets of Making Money -4v4P, ,42,10*-,
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Activity Answer Other tests: Students might try folding Smithsonian Institution Part I samples multiple times, putting samples National Numismatic Collection In addition to designing bills for in different liquids for various amounts http://www.si.edu/nmah/csr/ nations, students might also design of time (such as detergent, bleach or cadnnc.htm bills for schools, teams or planets. salt water) or running samples through Explores such topics as the history a clothes dryer. of the $20 U.S. gold coin; Russian Part II coins and medals; the coinage of Explanations for test results: Spain; and images of Native Resources Microscope: Tiny red and blue Americans, women and African Book fibers embedded in U.S. bills can be Americans on early U.S. bank Johnson, David Ralph. Illegal Tender: seen through a microscope or hand notes. Counterfeiting and the Secret Service in lens. Microprinting can be seen Nineteenth-Century America. U.S. Treasury Department around the bill's portrait and in the Washington: Smithsonian Institute Educational Links numerals in the lower left corner. Press, 1995. http://www.ustreas.gov/ Magnet: The ink on U.S. paper Surveys the history of counterfeiting education.html money contains a magnetic signa- and the Secret Services' attempts to Learn more about the features ture; a bill will be drawn toward an combat it. found on U.S. paper and metal especially strong magnet (such as currency, the history of the a neodymium magnet). Web Sites Treasury Department and its role NOVA Online in the federal government, and Ultraviolet light: The bleach in Secrets of Making Money how to enter the U.S. Savings Bond most wood pulp paper will cause http://www.pbs.org/nova/moolah/ Contest in this site for teachers, the paper to fluoresce; cotton and Find out which parts of the bill have parents and students of all ages. linen rag paper, used in U.S. bills, been changed, learn more about the 'f4 will not. Chalk, fluorescent paint, history of money, see if you can identify and highlighters will fluoresce. what's wrong with a counterfeit bill and find links to other money resources.
Some U.S. Currency Security Features Portrait Serial Number The portrait is enlarged An additional letter is Security and is more detailed. added to the serial number. Thread ir A polymer thread ICL:P41EICVI: C))..V rs21) has words Watermark "USA AZ 00833702 A 41775;*;7"..- EST A translucent TWENTY" design embed- printed on ded in the it and glows paper can be red under 10 OOR.Y.110.m AZ 00833702 A seen when the ultraviolet fikAall://eC41e:e. bill is held up light. :FIVE 71: '1'1' 1 NI .1..1:14 to the light.
It is illegal to photocopy Microprinting Color-Shifting Ink a bill at any size other The microprinted words The number looks green when viewed than 75 percent or smaller, "THE UNITED Sums OF AMERICA" are hard straight on but appears black when viewed and 150 percent or larger. to replicate because they're so small. at an angle. 17 131 Note: This program contains graphic images of fires and fire victims. You should preview the program to determine its appropriateness for your classroom. NOVA investigates fire and the innova- tive technologies used to prevent and fight it. The program: features survivors who describe the 1987 fire at London's King's Cross Station. tells about ancient Roman firefighters Find out what students know about who invented the pump. 1fire safety by having them imagine the following: You are in a packed movie points out that the Great Fire of London theater when you hear someone yell in 1666 led to new building codes and "Fire!" Smoke begins filling the dark better water systems. theater and confusion sets in as people struggle to move from their seats. What notes that the pump, forgotten for more do you do? Have students describe how than a thousand years, is reinvented by they would get themselves out safely. the Dutch. What problems might they face when trying to exit? What fire safety features looks at other early inventions that would they want to be present in the improved firefighting including the building? hose, the hydrant and steam engines. Have students create a list of looks at today's firefighters, who take Lbuilding features that address these advantage of such technology as quick- three issues: preventing a fire, extin- guishing a fire and evacuating a burning action water cannons, protective building (such as fire-resistant building clothing, self-contained breathing materials, fire extinguishers and exit apparatus, panic button devices and signs). As they watch, have students thermal imaging cameras. note technologies that help prevent fire, .extinguish fire and evacuate people. reviews some of the worst fires in history and examines the lessons learned, including the Triangle Shirtwaist factory ; a-t fire and Boston's Coconut 'AfterWalching? Grove nightclub fire. shows how computer Have students review their lists of fire safety technologies and revise modelling can help predict them based on their notes. What are the danger areas, including how main features of fire prevention, extinc- people might react during tion and evacuation that should be in a fire. every building?
A firefighter wears a protective suit outfitted with oxygen tanks j to tackle a chemical spill. J
The activity found on page 16 aligns with the following National Science Education Standards.
Grades 5-3 Objective Science Standard F: To research and analyze fire safety strategies Science in Personal and Social Perspectives in public and private buildings. UP TO CODE?
Materials for each group Personal health copies of the Up to Code? activity The potential for accidents and the sheet on page 16 existence of hazards imposes the need for injury prevention. Safe living involves the development and use of safety precautions Procedure 6 and the recognition of risk in personal iOrganize students into groups and decisions. Injury prevention has personal and social dimensions. distribute the Up to Code? activity sheet. Explain that each group will collect data on Risks and benefits how a building is designed to address three facets of fire safety: preventing a Risk analysis considers the type of hazard and estimates the number of people fire from occurring and/or spreading, extinguishing a fire and evacuating that might be exposed and the number likely people. Groups may choose to investigate a public building (such as a school, to suffer consequences. The results are used mall, cinema or library) or their own home. (If students choose to evaluate to determine the options for reducing or their own home, obtain permission first from a parent or guardian.) Students eliminating risks. can collect data outside of class over a one- to two-week period. Students should understand the risks associated with natural hazards (fires, floods, To help students identify types of data to collect, create a class list of tornadoes, hurricanes, earthquakes and f)elements of building design and construction that address fire safety issues volcanic eruptions), with chemical hazards (see Before Watching #2 and After Watching #1). In addition, have students (pollutants in air, water, soil and food), with biological hazards (pollen, viruses, bacterial brainstorm a list of places where they could learn about fire safety. (See and parasites), social hazards (occupational Resources on page 17 for some suggestions.) From their brainstorming and safety and transportation) and with personal research, have groups create two master checklists of fire safety items (one for hazards (smoking, dieting, and drinking). public buildings and one for private homes) so that data can be compared later. Grades 9-12 Have groups gather their information by touring a public building or th private home and talking to the person(s) who oversees the property Science Standard F: (building manager or parent/guardian). Science in Personal and Social Perspectives Once they've gathered their information, have students report their Afindings. From their lists, compile a final checklist on the board for each type of building. Compare the data and discuss similarities and differences Personal and community health between the checklists and the reasons for them. Hazards and the potential for accidents exists. Regardless of the environment, the Following their building appraisal, have students generate their own possibility of injury, illness, disability or death di rating system, taking the "least safe" of the buildings they compared and may be present. Humans have a variety of mechanisms sensory, motor, emotional, proposing changes to increase its safety. social and technological that can reduce As an extension, students could create a "prototype" building that and modify hazards. would be as safe as possible. Students should consider cost factors when designing their building. ly ? UPT C Fire safety codes exist to ensure that the buildings you live, work and play in are designed to allow you to get out safely if there is a fire. How safe are the buildings in which you spend your time? Find out by analyzing the fire safety features of public and private buildings in your community.
ProcedureI Questions
Decide with your group the type 0 Create a "master" checklist of fire 0 What features did you choose to of building you will evaluate: safety features with groups who are include on your checklist? Explain Public Building (such as a school, evaluating the same type of building. why you think these are the most mall, cinema or library) This list should include the 10 to 15 important. Your Home (get permission from a most important safety features you 0 Based on your data, how safe do parent or guardian first) will use to evaluate the building. you think the building is in terms of: Brainstorm features of building Collect data for the building you preventing the occurrence or design and construction that you con- have chosen to inspect through spread of a fire? sider important for fire safety. Find visits, telephone calls or other extinguishing a fire? out about government codes for fire means using your safety features evacuating people in the event of safety by researching on the Internet checklist as a guide. a fire? Explain why. or by calling your local fire depart- 0 After you have collected the data, ment, your local office of the National organize it into a chart like the one 0 How would you improve the Fire Protection Agency and/or your below. This will help you compare building? Make a list of your recom- regional Federal Emergency data with other groups. mendations. Management Agency. 0 Compare your building to another Building: group's building. How are the safety features of the two buildings alike or Age of Building: different? Explain. Use of Building:
Fire Prevenfion Fire Extinguishing Evacuation Other Feafures Feafures Feafures
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20
NOVAActivity 0 1999 WGBH Educational Foundation ESCAPE!: Fire Activity Answer Does the building contain any behaviors and more. For a catalog of As an alternative to having students flammable debris? educational materials, call collect data on a building, invite (800) 344-3555. When comparing buildings, students an architect to present a building might ask themselves: plan and explain fire safety features Web Sites Do safety features differ or talk about aspects of your local NOVA Online Escape: Fire between the two buildings? building code that deal with fire http://www.pbs.org/nova/ If so, why might that be? safety. Students can use their check- escape/ How old are the buildings? lists to evaluate the building plan. Delves deeper into the program's Is one building made of more content and themes with features As students create their checklists, flammable material than the such as articles, timelines, inter- they might consider the following other? views, interactive activities, questions: What's the appropriate level resource links, program transcripts What fire safety features are of risk for a building? What are and more. evident in the building? some factors to consider in (Note: You might want to point evaluating that risk? NFPA Codes and Standards out that some features, such as Can a building be made 100 Information fire walls, may not be readily percent fireproof? http://www.nfpa.org/ apparent.) standards_info.html Includes a history of the develop- How many smoke detectors, fire Resources ment of fire codes and an overview alarms, fire extinguishers and Organizations of how codes are created and used. fire sprinklers are there? Where National Fire Protection Association are they located? (NFPA) NFPA Fire Safety Information How many escape routes are The NFPA publishes a catalog of fire http://www.nfpa.org/fire_safety. there and are they free of any safety products, including a fire facts html obstructions? Are the escape newsletter, a home inspection list, Includes a national fire escape routes clearly marked? books to help children learn fire safety survey, seasonal and home fire safety tips and a link to mascot Sparky the Fire Dog, who will Below are basic safety features flammable liquids (such as answer students' questions. recommended and/or required by turpentine, barbecue lighter Princeton Review Online the government for homes and fluid) stored in tightly closed http://www.review.com/career/ public buildings: and labeled containers find /car_search_show.cfm ?id =69 portable heating equipment Some Safety Features Find out what a day in the life of a properly maintained and for Homes* firefighter is like, what kind of located at least three feet smoke detectors on every organizations employ firefighters from walls, furniture and level, outside all sleeping and more in this career profile of a other combustibles areas, tested regularly firefighter. automatic sprinkler system planned escape routes U.S. Fire Safety Administration fire screens around working Some Safety Features National Fire Programs fireplaces for High-Rises* http://www.usfa.fema.gov/ electricity frayed wires smoke and fire alarm system safety/sheets.htm discarded, one electrical item automatic sprinkler system Provides a series of downloadable per outlet, appliances in good emergency lighting fact sheets about such topics as the condition emergency exits nature of fire, electrical fire preven- combustibles (such as trash, fire lanes around perimeter tion, teaching children fire safety, rags, paper) stored away from of building rural fire safety and prevention and heat-producing equipment *Adapted from materials produced more. matches and lighters stored by the National Fire Protection out of children's reach Association.
17 Before Watching
According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, traffic injuries are the leading cause of death Note: This program contains graphic for people ages 6 to 27. Have students images of car accidents. You should preview brainstorm a list of traffic laws and the program to determine its appropriate- car design features that address safety ness for your classroom. issues (such as speed limits, drunk
NOVA investigates the innovations of 4 driving laws, seat belts and childproof scientists and engineers as they work to *they watch; have students design safer cars. The program: ce notes on: car safety . relates the invention of shatterproof and safety glass. outlines "crash science," which involves understanding the forces that injure the body in every accident two collisions 1 On the chalkboard, compile a list of occur: when the car collides with an safety features from students' notes. object and when the passenger collides For each feature, discuss what safety with the interior of the car. issues it addresses, how it evolved and how it works. Is it possible to design a notes the development of the single most car that is 100 percent safe? effective safety device in any vehicle the three-point seat belt. Some states have enacted laws 2requiring people to use seat belts. follows the introduction of crumple What role do students think government zones and a very rigid passengercell to agencies should play in mandating reduce injuries. safety guidelines? As students discuss their opinions, they might consider who follows the development of the air is affected by an automobile accident, bag, invented in 1952 and now being who bears the cost and how the right to redesigned to address deployment make personal choices about behavior intersects with government's responsi- a challenges. bility to legislate behavior in order to
reviews new technologies under .*0.04 society 1111110ar development, such as smart cars and automated highways.
Innovations in car safety design
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The activity found on pages 20-22 aligns with the following National Science Education t Standards and Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics.
Grades 5-8 Science Standard k Science as Inquiry
Objective To design and implement a study of Abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry local seat belt use and compare the results Identify questions that can be answered to national statistics. through scientific investigations. Design and conduct a scientific investigation. Materials for each group Use appropriate tools and techniques to gather, analyze and interpret data. copies of the Buckled Up? Develop descriptions, explanations, predic- activity sheets on pages 20-22 tions and models using evidence. Think critically and logically to make the relationships between evidence and explana- Procedure tions. Begin with a discussion about seat Recognize and analyze alternative explana- Ibelt use. Ask students if they use tions and predictions. seat belts, how often and why or why not. Communicate scientific procedures and What purposes do seat belts serve? What explanations. Use mathematics in all aspects of scientific are the benefits and risks of using seat belts? inquiry.
In Part I, students will analyze national statistics on seat belt use. Mathematics Standard 10: 2Introduce the idea that most states have laws requiring the use of seat Statistics belts, and explain the difference between primary and secondary enforce- ment laws (see Seat Belt Laws on page 20). Before students begin, ask what percentage of people in their area they think use seat belts. Organize students into groups and distribute the Buckled Up? activity sheets. Have Grades 9-12 students use the information found in the National Statistics chart on page 22 to create a bar graph that represents the data. Then have them Science Standard A: analyze their graphs and discuss any patterns they notice. Science as Inquiry In Part II, students will collect and analyze data for seat belt use in 3their community. As a class, design a data collection strategy and a chart in which to record observations. (You might want to present an Abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry actual strategy from Data Collection Strategies on page 22.) Assign Identify questions and concepts that guide scientific investigations. students to groups again. Have each group identify a SAFE* location from Design and conduct scientific investigations. which to observe seat belt use. Use technology and mathematics to improve investigations and communications. After they've collected data, have groups pool their data and calculate Formulate and revise scientific explanations 4and graph the percentage of drivers and passengers who use seat and models using logic and evidence. belts. Compare their local data to national data. To conclude, have students Recognize and analyze alternative explana- consider any questions that have arisen from their research and how they tions and models. might answer them. Communicate and defend a scientific argument. * IMPORTANT: Caution students to choose a safe location from which to Mathematics Standard 10: observe passing motorists and to position themselves at a safe distance Statistics from the street. Tell them to avoid busy intersections, multilane roads and highways. e.A Nar- aDataiph -1,011e1
According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, seat belts are the most effective way to reduce the risk of death and serious injury in automobile accidents. Yet, even with many state laws requiring people to "buckle up," not everyone does. Do you wear your seat belt? What about your friends or family? Conduct a survey to find out how seat belt use across the nation compares to seat belt use in your local area.
Part IWrite your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
Procedure Questions
O What percentage of people in your 0 What patterns do you notice 0 In addition to seat belt laws, what state do you think use seat belts? between usage rate and type of law? other factors might make drivers and passengers buckle up? 0 States have different laws requir- Do you find any states that do not ing seat belt use. How might the rate fit the general pattern? How might you 0 In addition to a bar graph, what of use in a state with a primary law explain these deviations? other ways can you represent the data compare to the rate of use in a state to analyze it? with a secondary law? Why? 0 Using the national statistics provided, create a bar graph to repre- SeatBeltLaws sent seat belt usage rates by state. Undera primary Put the usage rate along the vertical law, police vehicleand write officersmay stop axis and the state name along the citationswenever a violations h they observe of theseat belt law. horizontal axis. Use different colors police officers Under are permitted a secondary to represent the different laws. after the towrite law, vehicle issto a citationonly violation, pped forf another such asspeeding traffic (Source: or running NHTSA Traffic a red light. Safety Facts1997 OccupantProtection)
I4 NOVAActivity 1999 WGBH Educational Foundation ESCAPE!: Car Crash Part II
Procedure
0Prepare to collect data on seat Combine your data with the belt use in your area to compare to class and graph by "number of :national data. Questions to consider: vehicles" and "occupant seat belt What is your state's seat belt law? use." (See Sample Local Data What types of data are you going Graph on page 22.) to collect? Interpret the data. Where will you collect your data? How do you interpret the data? IMPORTANT: Choose a safe What evidence supports your Compare the class's local data to location and observe at a safe interpretation? national data. distance from the street. Avoid List any alternative explanations What are the similarities? busy intersections, multilane to how you might interpret the What are the differences? How roads and highways. data. might you explain those differ- How will you collect your data? What trends do you see, if any? ences? How will you record your data? Is your data accurate? Discuss the How does your data compare to 0 Collect and record your data on a degree of uncertainty. your response to the first question separate sheet of paper. Be sure to in Part I? include the date, time and location of observation.
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NOVAActivity 0 1999 WGBH Educational Foundation ESCAPE!: Car Crash National Statistics: State Seat Belt Laws and Usage Rates Data Collection Strategies State Enforcement Usage Rate ( %) * Statewide surveys vary in methodology Alabama Secondary 52 and frequency of observation. However, Alaska Secondary 69 all except Wyoming are based upon Arizona Secondary 63 direct observation of safety belt use. Arkansas Secondary 48 (Wyoming's data are based upon acci- California Primary 88 dent reports.) Because the surveys are Secondary 59 Colorado generally based on a large number of Connecticut Primary 64 observations from representative sites, Delaware Secondary 60 District of Columbia Primary 66 they provide a reasonable estimate of Florida Secondary 60 seat belt use. Georgia Primary 68 In 1994 NHTSA conducted the National 80 Hawaii Primary Occupant Protection Use Survey. For Secondary 54 Idaho the moving traffic study, which provides Illinois Secondary 64 information on overall shoulder belt Indiana Primary 63 use, pairs of observers were stationed for Iowa Primary 75 Kansas Secondary 56 30 minutes at exit ramps, intersections Kentucky Secondary 54 with stop signs or stop lights and Louisiana Primary 67 uncontrolled intersections. One observer Maine Secondary 61 counted belt use for the drivers of Maryland Primary 71 passenger cars and light trucks (vans, Massachusetts Secondary 53 minivans, sport utility vehicles and Michigan Secondary 70 pickup trucks). The second observer Minnesota Secondary 65 counted belt use for the right front 48 Mississippi Secondary passengers. Every day of the week and Secondary 62 Missouri all daylight hours were covered by the Montana Secondary 73 study. Approximately 4,000 locations Nebraska Secondary 63 were selected and a total of more than Nevada Secondary 70 New Hampshire no law 58 167,000 passenger cars and almost New Jersey Secondary 62 84,000 light trucks were observed. New Mexico Primary 87 (Source: Third Report to Congress on the New York Primary 74 Effectiveness of Occupant Protection Systems North Carolina Primary 83 and Their Use NHTSA, December 1996.) North Dakota Secondary 49 Ohio Secondary 65 Oklahoma Primary 60 Sample Local Data Graph (n-100) Oregon Primary 85 100 Secondary 65 Pennsylvania 90 Rhode Island Secondary 58 80 South Carolina Secondary 61 South Dakota Secondary 59 70 Tennessee Secondary 61 60 Texas Primary 75 50
Utah Secondary 63 40 Secondary 71 Vermont 30 Virginia Secondary 67 20 Washington Secondary 82 West Virginia Secondary 58 10 62 0 Wisconsin Secondary Driver Driver Passenger Passenger Wyoming Secondary 75 With Without With Without Puerto Rico Primary 67 occupant seat belt use
*Reported as of February 1998 (Source: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration) 26
NOVAActivity 0 1999 WGBli Educational Foundation ESCAPE!: Car Crash 4 '7..4 4,4%,MAV f , ,.:. 4.4 41: ".4. .,I...... _ itA ,-....-, x.--4..:-.- ..,,, .---...... q ',...- ...olir
Activity Answer In Part II, students choose a location Resources In Part I, students will create bar and design a plan for observing and Organization graphs to analyze seat belt usage recording seat belt use. Encourage stu- National Highway Traffic Safety rates by state and law type. As dents to include in their data a descrip- Administration students create their graphs, tion of the location, the date and the Call or write to your local office encourage them to label each axis time of observation. Students might for data on current seat belt usage and to give their graphs a title. also want to expand their data collec- rates and other topics. Regional Suggest they use as large a scale as tion to include car type and the gender contact information is listed in the possible for the vertical axis to and approximate age of the passengers. telephone book or on the Web at: highlight differences in seat belt You might want to share with students http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/nhtsa/ usage rates between the states. strategies used in actual state surveys whatis/regions/ (see Data Collection Strategies on As of December 1997, 49 states and page 22). Students' results might differ Web Sites the District of Columbia had seat from statewide surveys for a number of NOVA Online Escape: Car Crash belt use laws in effect (New reasons, including: http://www.pbs.org/nova/ Hampshire has no law). Thirteen local data is more easily skewed escape/ enforce primary laws, while 36 because the local sample size is Delves deeper into the program's enforce secondary laws. In 1997, smaller than the statewide sample content and themes with features the average observed belt usage rate size (for example, five unbelted such as articles, timelines, inter- reported by states with secondary drivers in a sample of 100 represents views, activities, resource links and enforcement was 62 percent, com- 5 percent, while five unbelted program transcripts. pared to 79 percent in states with drivers in a sample of 100,000 primary enforcement. * Students Buckle Up: Presidential represents .00005 percent). should notice that states with pri- Initiative for Increasing Seat local observation may not be mary enforcement tend to have Belt Use Nationwide representative of the entire state, higher usage rates, although not http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/ while statewide observation is more necessarily. Factors other than type people /injury /airbags /presbelt/ likely to include a cross section of of law can affect a state's seat belt Contains statistics on national seat neighborhoods, traffic conditions, usage rate. These might include belt usage rates and outlines the differences in law enforcement how strictly the law is enforced, national strategy for increasing and so on. awareness campaigns for seat belt seat belt use. the time of day and year the survey use, driving conditions (for exam- takes place could affect results (for Traffic Safety Facts 1997 ple, bad weather or dangerous roads example, winter conditions might http: / /www.nhtsa.dot.gov/ might encourage use) and traffic encourage more seat belt use than people/ncsa/factshet.html volume (for example, people might summer conditions). These NHTSA fact sheets include be more inclined to use them on information on occupant protec- (*Source: NHTSA Traffic Safety Facts 1997 congested city roads than on less- tion and traffic safety. traveled, rural roads.) Occupant Protection)
State Seat Belt Use Rates by Law Type (in percentages) IPrimary Law I Secondary LawI No Law 90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0 CA NM OR NC WA HI IA TX WY NY MT MD VT MI NV AK GA LA PR VA DC MN OH PA CTIL AZ INNE UT MO NJ WI ME SC TN DE FL OK CO SD NH RI WV KS ID KY MA AL ND AR MS (Source: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration) 27 I I I
NOVA follows a team of scientists as they journey to the Juan de Fuca Ridge in the Pacific Ocean to study and raise hydrothermal vent structures from the ocean floor. The program: 1 On a map of the floor of the Pacific Ocean, have students locate the shows how JASON a small robot Juan de Fuca Ridge. Review with stu- with video cameras, sonar imaging tools dents how the Earth's crust is made and lights collects data about the of tectonic plates that move, and how smokers. Engineers use three-dimen- seafloor spreading and subduction sional images generated from the data occur. to design equipment that will capture, Have students discuss extreme cut and haul four of the structures. Lenvironments, such as a desert, Antarctica or the top of Mount Everest. reviews the process by which "black What makes these environments smoker chimneys" chimneylike extreme? What kinds of organisms live structures around hydrothermal vents there? How have they adapted in order form. to survive? Have students brainstorm a list of conditions they think would be explains how biologists study organisms found at the Juan de Fuca Ridge. As they that live on and near the smokers, and watch, have students look for organisms IND speculates about clues the organisms and the adaptations that enable them might hold regarding how life originated to live in such harsh conditions. on Earth. details the recovery plan and successful raising of the four chimneys to the surface.
Extreme conditions 1 Review with students their lists of exist at hydrothermal iorganisms found deep below the vents located2,286 ocean surface and some of the adapta- meters(7,500feet) tions of each organism that enable it to below the ocean surface, survive there. What adaptations are including complete common among the organisms? What darkness, pressure of adaptations are unique to a particular nearly1,520ldlograms organism? (3,350pounds) per square inch, and temperatures ranging I from2°C (35°F)to 350°C (662°F). ,o
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Objective To research and classify symbiotic relationships between individual organisms of different species.
Materials for each group leanCkil IIAe copies of the Lean on Me activity sheet on page 26 access to resources from the Internet or library I. I
Procedure The activity found on page 26 aligns I Begin with a class discussion about the 1r.;7 with the following National Science ways in which individual organisms and Education Standards. groups of organisms interact with each other. Introduce or review symbiosis as a relationship in which two organisms of different species Grades 5-8 have a close association. Science 9Organize students into pairs or groups and distribute the Lean on Me Standard C: Life Science L activity sheet. Assign one pair of organisms from the Close Ties list below to each group. Have students research information about the relation- ship between their assigned organisms. Populations and ecosystems Once students complete their research, have each group present its Populations of organisms can be categorized by the function they serve 3findings. Ask the class to identify the similarities and differences among in an ecosystem. Plants and some the organisms' associations. Create a chart with column headings for differ- microorganisms are producers ent types of relationship such as mutualism, commensalism and para- they make their own food. All animals, sitism and have students place their pair of organisms in the appropriate including humans, are consumers, column. Have students use their research to support their classification. which obtain food by eating other organisms. Decomposers, primarily ATo conclude, ask students to consider the relationship between sulfur- bacteria and fungi, are consumers 9. oxidizing bacteria and tubeworms at hydrothermal vents. How would that use waste materials and dead they classify this interaction? What other symbiotic relationships did they organisms for food. Food webs identify the relationships among producers, observe between organisms living near hydrothermal vents? consumers and decomposers in an As an extension, have students determine where in the food web their ecosystem. 5pair of organisms fits. Discuss what the effects on the entire ecosystem might be if one or both of the organisms no longei existed. Grades 9-12 Science Standard C: Life Science
Close Ties shrimp and sea anemone Theinterdependence of organisms green alga and fungus (lichen) -Organisms both cooperate and rhizobium bacteria and soybean plant compete in ecosystems. The interrela- hermit crab and sea anemone tionships and interdependencies of theseorganisrris may generate ecosys- oxpecker bird and hippopotamus tems that are stable for hundreds or tapeworm and dog thousands of years. crocodile and Egyptian plover ant and acacia tree cleaner fish and shark - tick and cow i=411111 on
Life at 2,286 meters (7,500 feet) below the ocean surface is harsh. Tosurvive, some organisms living near hydrothermal vents have formed close associations. These kinds of relationshipsbetween organisms occur in many ecosystems, not just near hydrothermal vents. Find out more byinvestigating the organisms in this activity.
Procedure C771ues ions
0 Your group will be assigned the 0 On a separate sheet of paper, 0 Consider the relationship between names of two organisms. Using describe the relationship between the tubeworms you saw in the pro- resources in the library and on the the two organisms. gram and the microbes that live inside Internet, research information about Which organism(s) benefits from them. How is this relationship similar the relationship between these two the relationship? How? to or different from the relationship organisms. Is either organism harmed by the between your organisms? relationship? How? Could both organisms survive without this relationship? Explain.
Tubeworms and Bacteria Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria and tubeworms living at hydrothermal vents share a symbiotic association. The microbes maketheir home in special cells inside the worm. (Quite a few microbes live here: an estimated 285 billion bacteria per ounce of tissue.) In exchange for a safe, cozy place to live,they give the worm all the nourishment it needs. They do this by absorbingthree ingredients oxygen, carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide and then changing those ingredients to make food for the worm. 30 Ca
-111 II// 11 11 Volcanoes of the Deep 26 NOVAActivity 0 1999 WGBH Educational Foundation t I t 1 // O I II I \ I Activity Answer isms depend on each other for survival Resources Symbiosis is defined as a close are mutualistic. Looser associations can Book v association between two organisms be defined as either mutualistic or com- Van Dover, Cindy Lee. The Octopus' of different species. If one organ- mensal. Students' research may differ Garden. Reading, Mass.: Addison- ism benefits and the other neither from the chart below. Wesley, 1996. benefits nor is harmed, the interac- The author, a former submersible Some students may wonder how the tion is called commensalism. If pilot, describes the difficult condi- predator and prey relationship is differ- both organisms benefit, the inter- tions under which scientists work as ent from parasitism. Like predators, action is called mutualism. If one they explore the bottom of the sea. parasites take sustenance from another organism is harmed and the other living organism. However, because a benefits, the interaction is called Article parasite's survival also depends on the parasitism. Some relationships may Tunnicliffe, Verena. "Hydrothermal- survival of its host, it does not kill the be more than one kind. Vent Communities of the Deep Sea." host outright. A parasite lives on or in American Scientist (July/August Often the distinction between the host for some part of its life cycle, 1992): 336-349. mutualistic and commensal and the host may or may not the as a Describes communities found near relationships is not clear. Very close result of the association. hydrothermal vents including exam- associations in which both organ- ples of animals that use chemosyn- thesis as their energy source. Organisms Type of Symbiotic Description of Relationship Relationship Web Sites shrimp and commensalism The shrimp is immune to the stinging NOVA Online Into the Abyss sea anemone tentacles of the sea anemone. By hiding in http://www.pbs.org/nova/abyss/ the sea anemone, the shrimp is protected Provides background information on from predators. the research expedition featured, life green alga and mutualism A green alga and fungus are dependent fungus (lichen) on each other. The fungus gains nutrients in deep ocean environments, tech- synthesized from the alga, and the alga nology used to raise a deep-sea vent, receives water and nutrient salts from the location of global vent sites and a fungus. timeline of undersea exploration. rhizobium bacteria mutualism The bacteria found on the roots of a soybean and soybean plant plant fix atmospheric nitrogen and make it American Museum of Natural available to the plant. The bacteria receives History: Black Smokers carbohydrates from the plant. http://www.amnhonline.org/ hermit crab and mutualism The hermit crab is less likely to be eaten sea anemone by cuttlefish when an anemone rides on its expeditions/blacksmokers/ shell. The anemone gains access to a wider home.html feeding range. Describes the research expedition. oxpecker bird and commensalism The oxpecker bird eats ticks living on the An online activity challenges hippopotamus hippopotamus's back. students to design a plan to raise a tapeworm and dog parasitism The tapeworm attaches to the intestinal black smoker and then compare wall of the dog and takes nutrients consumed by the dog. their solution to the one used by the expedition team. crocodile and mutualism The Egyptian plover feeds on leeches and Egyptian plover other scraps of food in the crocodile's Revel Project mouth. The crocodile benefits because the plover cleans its teeth. http://www.ocean.washington. ant and acacia tree mutualism The ant burrows into a thorn of the acacia edu/outreach /revel/ tree to live and eat sugar secreted by the This initiative, Research and tree. The ants benefit the tree by attacking Education: Volcanoes, Exploration predators. and Life (REVEL), promotes interac- cleaner fish and mutualism The cleaner fish feeds on parasites in the tion between teachers and scientists. shark shark's mouth and gills. Selected teachers participate in
tick and cow parasitism The tick burrows into the cow's skin to suck -seagoing research expeditions. blood.
27 Distinguishing fact from theory can prove challenging. It is, for example, a fact that life on Earth has changed over geologic time. There are many NOVA explores the links between our theones concerning precisely how life individual development and the evolu- began, by what mechanism or mecha- tion of life itself. The program: nisms life evolves, through what stages evolving life forms may have passed shows how an egg is fertilized and and how quickly evolution takes place. begins to develop, tracing the develop- Discuss with students what makes ment of an embryo from three weeks, something a fact and what makes it a when it is only 1/16 inch long, to 19 theory. Have students work in groups to weeks, when all its features are clearly collect resources about evolution. Then have each group create two lists: one defined. enumerating facts about the history of compares the beginning stages of devel- life on Earth, and the other describing opment among vertebrates, revealing theories that attempt to explain those facts. Review students' findings and them to be very similar. facilitate a discussion in which they reviews the primary mechanism of debate and defend their reasoning for evolution natural selection a why something is a faCt or a theory. process in which genetic changes, or mutations, sometimes lead to new features in individuals. This, in turn, could provide an inheritable advantage in the form of improved ability to survive and reproduce. I Have students use a piece of string explores the process of how life ito represent the Earth's geologic might have developed, from the first history. Have them devise a scale to self-replicating molecules to complex calculate the length of string they will need to represent the planet's entire animals. geologic history and the length of each examines how geologic period. (If they use a scale of particular features 1 inch10 million years, for example, such as gills, the string would be 41.7 feet long.) Then have them measure out the string and tails and arms -- mark each period to scale, noting how may have evolved. much string represents the periods that outlines the similar- include the evolution of life. ity between humans and chimpanzees and gorillas, which share 98 percent of the same genes.
A dei;elOPing liumUrieribryo can closely resemble other four-limbed .::Vertebrate embryos before its features are Cleily defined as seen here. C;
The activity found on page 30 aligns with the following National Science Education Standards.
Grades 5-8 Science Standard C: Life Science
Structure and function in living systems Specialized cells perform specialized Objective functions in multicellular organisms. To understand that all vertebrate animals begin their development with very Groups of specialized cells cooperate to form a tissue, such as a muscle. similar genetic bluepnnts. Different tissues are, in turn, grouped together to form larger functional units, Materials for each student called organs Each type of cell, tissue and organ has a distinct structure and copies of the Timing Is Everything set of functions that serve the organism activity sheet on page 30 as a whole
Procedure Grades 9-12 Copy and distribute the Timing Is Science 1Everything activity sheet. Have students Standard C: cut out and reassemble the squares in an Life Science order that correctly represents three developmental stages of the five animals depicted (fish, chick, pig, The cell calf and human). Cells candifferentiate, and complex When students finish, have them explain the reasoning behind their multicellular organisms are formed as a highly organized arrangement of Lanswers. To conclude, have a discussion about the similarities and differ- differentiated cells In the development ences students see in the embryos. Since these five animals look similar in of these multicellular organisms, the their early embryonic stages, might all vertebrates look similar in those progeny from a single cell form an stages? What might that suggest? embryo in which the cells multiply and differentiate to form the many 3As an extension, have students research how the theory of evolution specialized cells, tissues and organs has been viewed from the 1800s through today. that comprise the final organism. The differentiation is regulated through the expression of different genes. Biological evolution The great diversity of organisms is the result of more than 3.5 billion years of evolution that has filled every available niche with life forms. The millions of different species of plants, animals and microorganisms that live on Earth todayarerelated by descent from common ancestors. Can you tell a chicken from a fish? How about a human from a pig? Sure you can, you say. Chickens have wings, fish have fins, humans have arms and pigs have hoofs. But what about when they are just starting to form? The drawings below represent three developmental stages of five different animals. They have been all mixed up see if you can tell what's what.
Procedure
0 Cut out the squares and see if you can correctly match the embryos with the animals, placing them in order from earliest to latest stages of development. Make a chart like the one below 1 4 7 TO 13 to organize the squares. 0 When you are done, write an explanation of why you ordered the drawings the way you did. What are some similarities among the drawings? What are some differences? What, if any, patterns do you see as you go from stage 1
to stage 3? 2 5 8 11 14
3 6 9 12 15
fish chick pig calf human
stage 1
Make achart lil(e this°Tle stage2 for VIII answers
stage 3
NOVAActivity ° 1999 WGBH Educational Foundation 3 4 Odyssey of Life:The Ultimate Journey Activity Answer muscles. These extensive homologies Web Sites stage 1: 8,2,4, 10,3 reinforce the scientific understanding NOVA Online Odyssey of Life stage 2: 1,7,15, 6,11 that all tetrapods have descended, with http://www.pbs.org/nova/ stage 3: 14, 9, 13, 12, 5 various modifications, from ancient, odyssey/ long-extinct ancestors. Includes a cyberdebate about Students may think that the how humans evolved; time-lapse embryos only look similar. Point sequences of growing human, pig, out that the backbones and limbs Resources chicken and fish embryos; an of all four-limbed vertebrates (also Book interview with photographer called tetrapods) are identical in Lewin, Roger. The Origin of Modern Lennart Nilsson; an essay about the embryonic origin and underlying Humans. New York: Scientific American commonalities among species; and structure. Even though they may Library: Distributed by W.H. Freeman, an online activity that reveals what differ in final external form and 1993. bugs live in, on and around us. function, the various tetrapod Looks at possible preludes to Homo limbs (arms, legs, flippers, wings) sapiens, various hypotheses regarding Talk Origins are all built from precisely the same the origin of modern humans, the idea http://www.tallcorigins.org/ sets of embryonic tissues, are sup- of a Mitrochondrial Eve, the archaeology This newsgroup is devoted to the ported by the same sets of bones, of modern humans and the origin of discussion and debate of biological and are moved by the same sets of language. and physical origins. Most discus- sions in the news- group center on the fish chick pig calf human creation-evolution controversy, but other topics of discussion include the origin of life, geology, biology, stage 1 cosmology and theology. The Visible Embryo http://www. 8 2 4 10 3 visembryo.com/ Follows human embryological development over 40 weeks, providing stage 2 in-depth information about what occurs at each stage.
1 7 15 6 11
Note: These illustrations are representations stage 3 not exact depictions of the embryonic stages of each of these five animals. 14 9 13 12 5
31 These videos have been categorized by their primary content strand; many programs are interdisciplinary. You may want to scan several categories for videos of interest.
Adrift on the Gulf Stream Explore the Stream's importance to ocean life, climate and human history. Writer Bill Macleish travels its full course, sailing on top of it, under it NOVA for $9.95!* and viewing its mighty swirl via satellites in space. Teachers save 50% off every Educational use only .1 hr. WG1606" 648,96 $9.95 NOVA video when you Buried in Ash Learn what life was like ten million years ago when order by June 30,1999. an enormous volcanic eruption buried much of what is now Nebraska in up to ten feet of ash, preserving countless skeletons of prehistoric big game animals. To order, call 1-800-949-8670. 1 hr. WG2117* $48,0613.95 Mention "NOVA 25" to receive NEW! Chasing El Niiio your 50% off discount! The California coast is washed away by violent storms... lethal ice storms Individual videos, not including shipping and handling; this offer good through June 30,1999. invade Canada... Indonesian forests become raging infernos... what in the world is going on here? It's El Nifio, the mysterious global weath- er phenomenon. Watch NOVA explore the myths, reveal the devastation and provide a new climate for understanding El Nino. 1 hr. W62512 $1.996 $9.96
Countdown to the Invisible Universe
1 Infrared telescopes unveil the outer regions of space. 1 hr. WG1401 $49,96 $9.95
Cracking the Ice Age Bonus! 25% off the NOVA Could the Himalayas be the cause of one of the plan- et's most dramatic climactic changesthe ice age? Take a trek to Tibet with a renegade band of 25th anniversary book. researchers bent on proving this controversial con- The Nova Reader discusses recent cept. Educational use only .1 hr. WG2320* $40,06 $9.95 discoveries and possible future directions in particularly active fields Danger in the Jet Stream The NOVA Reader: Essays on of scientific research such as genetics, Climb aboard and experience the exhilarationand Science of the the terrorof trying to fly a balloon around the world. Turn of computer science, environmental 1 hr. WG2419"mos$9.95 the Millenium science, space exploration and neuroscience.(5"x 71/2", hardcover, NEW! Deadly Shadow of Vesuvius 352 pages, black & white photos) See why new geological evidence suggests that WG546 $2446 $18.50 Available Winter '99. Mount Vesuviusinfamous for the demise of ancient Pompeiimay pose a new threat to the contemporary city of Pozzouli. 1 hr. WG2515 $44106 $9.95
36 ,
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Dinosaur Hunt Boxed Set Flood! In Search of Human Ongms Boxed Set Of all the creatures that ever walked Relive one of the greatest flood disasters-the The award-winning exploration of the beginnings and the earth, none captures the human Mississippi River in the summer of 1993-and expansion of the human race. 3-video set includes imagination like the dinosaur. See explore the problem of taming the mightiest river. 1 hr. The Story of Lucy, Surviving in Africa and The Creative scientists offer important clues to WG2307 81846 $9.95 Revolution. 3 hrs. WGVV2111 $48.86 $24.95 the mystery of the evolution of The Story of Lucy life. 3-video set includes Curse of Hawaii Born of Fire Discover the missing link between humans and . T rex, Case of the Flying Behold the fiery moonscapes and lush rain forests apes. 1 hr. WGVV2106 $48,86 $9.95 Dinosaur and T. rex Exposed. surrounding Hawaii's active volcanoes. Educational 3 hrs. WG737 $3846 $19.95 use only .1 hr. WGH2211 $48,86 $9.95 Surviving in Africa Witness a living experiment to understand how Curse of T. rex early humans thrived. 1 hr. WGVV2107 44186 An unusual battle is brewing: Who gets to Hunt for Alien Worlds $9.95 keep "Sue," a magnificent million-dollar T. rex All eyes are on the heavens in search of planets that turned up on a South Dakota ranch? around other stars, probably the best hope for The Creative Revolution Everyone wants a piece of her, from the tribal showing that we may not be alone in the universe. Examine the world-wide expansion and evolution council to the fossil dealers to the scientists. NOVA covers an effort that is turning up more and of the human race. 1 hr. WGW2108 $18.96 $9.95 Head out west and join the investigation in this more new worlds. Educational use only .1 hr. tale of fossil crime and punishment. 1 hr. WG2407* $18.96$9.95 Journey to Kilimanjaro WG2408 $1846$9.95 Travel from an equatorial blizzard on Mount Kenya to NEW! Ice Mummies Boxed Set Case of the Flying Dinosaur the majestic crown of the mighty Kilimanjaro. Witness fascinating accounts Educational use only .1 hr. WGVV2104* $4846 $9.95 Explore the link between dinosaurs and birds, of cutting-edge science and and tune in to the fierce debate-about whether archaeology delving into the dinosaurs are truly extinct-that continues to Journey to the Sacred Sea mysteries of frozen human captivate no matter how you choose to draw the Travel to Lake Baikal, the world's oldest and deepest remains. 3-video set includes family tree. 1 hr. WG1805 61846 $9.95 lake. Watch NOVA chart its dramatically changing Frozen in Heaven, Siberian Ice environment over the course of four seasons. Maiden and Return of the T. rex Exposed Educational use only .1 hr. WG2119" $18.86 $9.95 Go on a suspenseful dig in Montana, where a Iceman. 3 hrs. WG2525 $49.86 $24.95 crew is carefully uncovering one of the most NEW! Lost at Sea: complete Tyrannosaurus rex specimens ever Frozen in Heaven found. 1 hr. WG1806 $18.96 $9.95 This is the bizarre and fascinating story of the The Search for Longitude remains of Inca culture, frozen for posterity high One of humankind's most epic ='LOSTAT Dinosaurs of the Gobi in the mountains of the Andes. 1 hr. WG2516 quests-navigation beyond the sight SEA NOVA accompanies an American Museum of Natural $18.86 $9.95 of land-is celebrated in the story History expedition to the Gobi Desert. The trip relives of John Harrison, an English if, Siberian Ice Maiden clock-maker. Join an adventurous the exploits of the Museum's dashing explorer of the 114 1920s, Roy Chapman Andrews-said to be the real- MumMified and then frozen by freak climactic expedition demonstrating the life life model for Indiana Jones. Educational use only. conditions 2400 years ago, the Siberian Ice Lady and death importance of finding 1 hr. WGW2102" $48.86 $9.95 is believed to have been a shamaness of the lost longitude at sea. 1 hr. WG2511 Pazyryk culture. Her body has now been restored, $4816 $935 The Doomsday Asteroid and is providing new clues as to the role and power of women in the nomadic peoples of Join the hunt to scan the skies and earth for evidence Lost City of Arabia ancient Siberia. 1 hr. WG2517 $40186 $9.95 that giant rocks from outer space have struck before The secrets of Ubar, ancient city of mystery from the and will strike again. Educational use only .1 hr. Return of the Iceman Arabian Nights which vanished in the shifting desert WGD221r $1846 $9.95 Cutting-edge science and archaeology is recon- sands, are revealed as archaeology and space-age structing the life and culture of the Iceman-the intelligence team up. Educational Use Only. 1 hr. NEW! Earthquake five thousand year-old frozen corpse found buried WG231r $4886 $9.95 Will the earth send us a warning signal before the in the ice of the Alps. 1 hr. WG2518 $18.86$9.95 next "big one strikes? Predicting earthquakes is risky Mammoths of the Ice Age business, but Earthquake shows how today's Iceman Watch scientists piece together a picture of the life advanced technology helps geologists interpret NOVA covers the international efforts to unlock the our ancestors shared with the woolly mammoth. nature's rumblings. 1 hr. WG1715 $48.86 $9.95 secrets behind the mummified body of a man who Educational use only .1 hr. WG2201" 448,86 $9.95 lived over 5000 years ago, discovered in the Alps by NEW! Everest-The Death Zone two German hikers. Educational use only .1 hr. NEW! Mysterious Mummies of China Witness first hand why rational WG1916* $48,86 $9.95 Perfectly preserved 3000-year-old mummies have people can make astonishingly been unearthed in a remote Chinese desert, but they poor, and sometimes fatal, deci- have long, blonde hair and blue eyes. New evidence sions on the world's highest peak. of the lost civilization of the Tocharians along the Silk Narrated by Jodie Foster. 1 hr. Road offers more clues to this mystery from the past. WG2506 $4846 $9.95 1 hr. WG2502 $4886 $9.95
LE NOVA videos are closed-captioned for the hearing impaired. 3 7 no retail packaging
1r. '117te'V, -;,.e7t,.4-7p7:5,/:-.T.::',-. At'To orderetallmndunent Earth and Space Science, cont'd. Nature's Fury Boxed Set The Tribe That Time Forgot Witness the awesome power of nature and then trav- NOVA travels deep into the Amazon wilderness in The Mystery of Space Set el with the "stormchasers" into danger in an effort to search of a mysterious tribe that dismembered and Travel into space to uncover the mysteries and won- better understand and predict these extraordinary cat- partially ate three prospectors in 1976. Locating the ders of our galaxy. 3-video set includes Death of a aclysms. 3-video set includes Hurricane!, Lightning! group, NOVA lives with them for three months, gain- Star, Eclipse of the Century and Rescue Mission in and Killer Quake!. 3 hrs. WG027 $4895 $24.95 ing insight into the customs and beliefs of a people Space. 3 hrs. WG162 tam $24.95 whose lifestyle has not changed for centuries. Hurricane! Educational use only 1 hr. WG2115 $411:86 $9.95 Death of a Star Witness nature's fury as hurricanes Camille and Witness one of the most spectacular events hr. WG1616 Gilbert crash onto the Gulf coast. 1 Venus Unveiled since creation-the supernova. 1 hr. WG1411 $18,85 $9.95 649416 $9.95 Travel with the spacecraft Magellan as it flies by Lightning! Venus to reveal the planet's true face, one of the most Eclipse of the Century Join an adventurous investigation into the source bizarre places in the solar system. Educational use The race to view and study celestial splendor. of lightning, nature's most dazzling and danger- only .1 hr. WGV2210* $48:86 $9.95 1 hr. WG1910 OSA $9.95 ous display, and take a front seat for nature's electrifying light show set to music. 1 hr. Rescue Mission in Space NEW! Volcanoes of the Deep Witness the dramatic space repair of the Hubble WGA2213 PS.86 $9.95 Join a journey to a little-known realm and witness extraordinary imagery and an exceptional feat of deep Telescope and view the stunning images of Killer Quake! sea engineering as several massive underwater volca- space that it now produces. 1 hr. WG2118 Relive the L.A. earthquake, and preview what it noes are brought to the surface. Available Spring '99. $4&86 $9.95 portends for California's future... 1 hr. WG2116 1 hr. WG2609 $48,86 $9.95 $4&86 $9.95 Natural Disasters Wanted: Butch and Sundance Nomads of the Rainforest Boxed Set Forensic sleuth, Clyde Snow, and a posse of experts Visit the unique tribe of the Waironi Indians in eastern Natural disasters strike with little travel to Bolivia in search of the remains of Butch 1 Ecuador. 1 hr. WG1112 $UM $9.95 or no warning-making them Cassidy and the Sundance Kid. They find that uniquely fright- Hollywood and legend got a few things wrong. ening and fas- NEW! Search for the Lost Cave People Educational use only. 1 hr. WGIN702" $38.06 $9.95 cinating. Still, Discover a lost civilization that inhabited caves high scientists on the isolated cliffs of Southern Mexico nearly 1000 NEW! Warnings From the Ice years ago. The tantalizing clues, including graphic evi- continue to Battle extreme weather conditions in Antarctica with dence of ritual child sacrifice and a sophisticated writ- search for ways to guard us NOVA scientists as they gather data that will reveal ing system, shed new light on this mysterious people, against nature's fury. 3-video new insight into the nature of global climate change. set includes The Day the Earth the Zoqui, who may have been precursors of the 1 hr. WG2508 $441:86 $9.95 Shook, Tornado!, and In the Mayans. 1 hr. WG2507 $38.86 $9.95 Path of a Killer Volcano. 3 hrs. Warriors of the Amazon WG165 $4&9 $24.95 NEW! Terror in Space See a rare glimpse of life today for the Yanomami, Witness the harrowing and life-threatening problems The Day the Earth Shook who live in a remote and inhospitable part of the aboard the aging Mir space station through the eyes Does a devastating earthquake lurk beneath Amazon rain forest. 1 hr. WG2309 $4&86 $9.95 of the Russian and American astronauts who lived Los Angeles? Have we learned any lessons from through them. 1 hr. WG2513* WM $9.95 the past? Watch terrifying scenes from Kobe, Japan, and Northridge, California-and find out how new warning and rescue technology could Three Men and a Balloon For a few diehard daredevils, it's "the last great chal- protect us if it's put into place in time. 1 hr. lenge in aviation:" to fly a balloon non-stop around the WG2302 $UM $9.95 world-simply because it's never been done before. Anastasia Dead or Alive? Tornado! Follow one of the foremost teams in a hair-raising Investigate the massacre of Tsar Nicholas and his Travel with "stormchasers" as they view the race against time, technology, and hot competition. family, and evaluate whether modern science has awesome power of tornadoes sweeping across 1 hr. WG2313 $18,86 $9.95 resolved the mystery surrounding Princess Anastasia. the land and seek to understand how they are 1 hr. WGA2209 141186 $9.95 created. 1 hr. WG1217 MIA $9.95 NEW! To the Moon In the Path of a Killer Volcano Marking the 30th anniversary of NEW! Battle Alert in the Gulf Neil Armstrong's moonwalk, NOVA The Philippines' Mount Pinatubo is about to blow Has US war technology kept pace? Join NOVA and presents this spectacular event big. Is there enough time to evacuate the hun- American forces in the Persian Gulf for an unprece- exploring the greatest science and dreds of thousands in its raging path? Stay with dented look at our military-from air- engineering adventure of all time, the scientists who remain behind-and see craft carriers and cruisers to sub- with the people who made it happen. some astonishing footage of the world's largest marines and jet fighters. 1 hr. Available Summer '99. 1hr. WG2610 volcanic eruption in 80 years. 1hr. WG2005 WG2608 $1.8,86 $9.95 Available $18.86 $9.95 1486 $9.95 Winter '99. Treasures of the Sunken City It's an undersea adventure in Cleopatra's erstwhile capital: Alexandria, Egypt, where marine archaeolo- 38 gists are frantically salvaging mysterious stone ruins from the harbor floor. 1 hr. WG2417 WM $9.95 r4
Behind the Scenes with King Kong In Search of the First Language Hunt for the Serial Arsonist Trail along with fire sleuths as they discover the NOVA explores the common threads that link the mysterious source of a series of L.A. store fires, in Special Effects more than 5000 languages of Earth, including a con- Welcome to the wild world of special effects, where troversial theory that claims to reconstruct words from and capture a surprising suspect filmed by NOVA. anything can happen! NOVA takes you behind the a time when only a handful of languages were spo- 1 hr. WGA2214 $38,86 $9.95 scenes as effects experts bring a legend to life in this ken, recalling the biblical story of the Tower of Babel. exclusive look at how King Kong was created for the Educational use only .1 hr. WG2120" $14,96 $9.95 Secrets of Making Money Oscar ° - nominated IMAX film Special Effects. 1 hr. Learn the secrets of counterfeiting-made easier by WG093 $6.50 The Great Wildlife Heist today's technology-and find out what the Feds are NOVA goes undercover with a US government sting doing to fight back: a new look for US currency, with The Bermuda Triangle that breaks an international parrot smuggling ring, layers of security features to keep counterfeiters at Join this investigation of the mysterious watery grave- landing some surprising suspects. Educational use bay. 1 hr. WG2314" $1946 $9.95 yard in the Atlantic. 1 hr. WGW264 $48,96 $9.96 only .1 hr. WG2111" $4196 $9.95 Secrets of the Psychics Dr. Spock The Baby Doc The KGB, the Computer and Me Are some of us born with mysterious powers-able to Witness an absorbing view of one of this century's NOVA follows computer sleuth Clifford Stoll as he move objects at will, read a person's thoughts, even most influential Americans and his profound impact tracks down a data thief through a maze of military cure physical ailments with the power of the mind? on changing ideas about child care. Educational use and research computers. 1 hr. WG1710* $18,86 $9.95 Follow master magician James Randi as he uncovers only .1 hr. WG2308* $4846 $9.95 the secrets about psychics. 1 hr. WGVV703 $4846 NEW! A Man, A Plan, A Canal, $9.95 NEW! ESCAPE! Because Accidents Panama The Shape of Things Happen Boxed Set Travel the Panama Canal on a luxury liner with David Marvel at the endlessly inventive patterns of natural Can any good come out of tragedy? McCullough as he tells the human drama behind this objects like crystals, honeycombs, seashells, eggs and In the Escape! series, NOVA exam- wonder of the world. 1 hr. WG1415 MA $9.95 seeds through photomicroscopy, computer animation ines the fascinating science of and time-lapse photography. 1 hr. WG1206" $48,96 "survival engineering." See how the Mysterious Crash of Flight 201 $9.95 study of yesterday's accidents helps Join in the investigation of a mysterious jetliner crash prevent today's disasters. Includes in Panama. 1 hr. WGW707 $4846 $9.95 NEW! Submarines, Secrets and Spies Fire, Car Crash, Plane Crash and America's submerged secrets finally surface! With Abandon Ship. 4 hrs. WG2666 $4846 $24.95 recently declassified film, NOVA lifts the veil on tragic Available Winter '99. Nazi Designers of Death The discovery of top-secret Nazi files reopens a and mysterious submarine accidents and their high- painful chapter in history, revealing the careful plan- risk spy missions that helped win the Cold War. 1 hr. Are ning behind the Nazi death camps. Educational use WG260 61486 $9.95 Witness the remarkable story behind such inge- only .1 hr. WG2205" 648415 $9.95 nious inventions as the automatic sprinkler; explore man's historic effort to stay safe from Terror in the Minefields Investigate the terror and tragedy of Cambodia's fire; and discover the most effective fire survival NEW! The Perfect Pearl deadly legacy of minefields. 1 hr. WG2301$1895 tactic: prevention. 1 hr. WG2604 MN $9.95 Travel with NOVA to exotic locations where rare $9.95 Available Winter '99. pearls are harvested by divers, and to farms where huge numbers of pearls are grown. Will the cultured pearls ruin the value of those grown in the wild? 1 hr. Car Crash Titanic's Lost Sister WG2507N MA $9.95 Titanic's sister ship is surrounded by mystery. Search Automobile safety has come slowly and at the for the wreck of the Britannic and explore the clues as expense of millions of lives. Crash focuses on to how it sank. Four years after the Titanic went such unheralded automotive safety heroes as the The Science of Crime Boxed Set down, the Britannic sank in just one hour, despite an inventors of the seatbelt and airbag. 1 hr. Serial criminals wield a particular overhaul to meet post-Manic standards. WG2605 $IAM $9.95 Available Winter '99. brand of terror. Fortunately for us, scientific sleuths are on their trail. 1 hr. WG2402 $1.946 $9.95 3-video set includes The Bombing Plane Crash of America, Mind of a Serial Killer Meet the aviators and aero-engineers who risked Vikings in America and Hunt for the Serial Arsonist. Five hundred years before Columbus, the Vikings their lives to avert air disasters. See their revolu- 3 hrs. WG164 $4045 $24.95 reached North America. Who were the people they tionary parachutes, ejection seats, NASA escape met here? What happened when the two worlds col- systems, and the riveting history of aircraft safety. The Bombing of America lided? Archaeologists are now revealing an extraordi- 1 hr. WG2606 tan $9.95 Available Winter '99. Follow investigators using the latest nary story of tragedy and triumph. Educational use forensic techniques and psychological insights only .1 hr. WG2202* $48,86 $9.95 Abandon Ship to crack such notorious cases as the World Trade Trace hundreds of years of maritime safety engi- Center and the Unabomber-as well as many neering including the remarkable stories behind lesser-known tragic incidents. 1 hr. WG2310 War Machines of Tomorrow the invention of lifejackets, life boats, and many MN $9.95 Take a look back at the war technology employed in other life-saving technologies. 1 hr. WG2607 the Gulf War, "Desert Storm," and preview the mili- $38,96$9.95 Available Winter '99. Mind of a Serial Killer tary machines of the future. 1 hr. WG2305 $19,86 Follow the FBI's psychological detectives as they $9.95 race against time to penetrate the mind of a serial killer-and stop him from striking again. 1 hr. WG1912 $9.95 El NOVA videos are closed-captioned for the hearing impaired. no retail packaging
yr 47,-,N947-TP cytr, General Science, cont'd Can Buildings Make You Sick? Little Creatures Who Run the World Join the quest to uncover baffling cases of bad air Peer close-up into the worlds of the most amazing UFOs Set found in offices, schools, homes and even hospitals! ants and understand why some believe ants are the Is there life out in the universe? Are there aliens hov- Educational use only .1 hr. WG2217" $3&86$9.95 most successful life form on earth. 1 hr. WG2203 ering above or even mixing among us? Our fascination 64896 $9.95 with this fundamental question never ends. 2-video City of Coral set includes Kidnapped by UFOs and UFOs: Are We Dive into the beauty and wonder of a Caribbean coral MD: The Making of a Doctor Alone?. 2 hrs. WG082 $28,85 $14.95 reef. 1 hr. WG1006* MN $9.95 Check up on seven aspiring doctors as they undergo Kidnapped by UFOs the exhilarating and rigorous years of medical train- ing. 2 hrs. WG2207 $48,86 $9.95 Delve into this remarkable phenomenon, hear Coma eyewitness accounts and learn what lies behind In a gripping real-life drama, NOVA follows famous the incredible claims of UFO abductions. 1 hr. neurosurgeon Jam Ghajar as he struggles to save a Mystery of the Animal Pathfinders WG2306 $3886$9.95 young boy with massive head trauma, using simple Travel to bird feeding grounds in Brazil, bat caves in but crucial techniques that are dangerously absent Mexico and eel habitats in Maine to understand the UFOs: Are We Alone? from most hospitals across the country. 1 hr. WG2411 mystery of animal migration. 1 hr. WGW710* $4886 Using rare UFO footage, NOVA investigates the 648,86 $9.95 $9.95 claims of sightings. 1 hr. WGW262 $9.95 Creatures of the Sea Set NEW! Night Creatures of the Kalahari Experience the undersea beauty of the Pacific Ocean. Discover bush babies, meerkats, striped polecats, 2-video set includes Treasures of the Great Barrier brown hyenas, flying termites, and many more rarely Reef and Kingdom of the Seahorse. 2 hrs. WG738 seen exotic creatures. 1 hr. WG2501 $48,86 $9.95 $28,86 $14.95 The Private Lives of Dolphins All-American Bear Treasures of the Great Barrier Reef Discover the deep-sea drama of life for the ocean's Share a year in the life of the North American black Swim through a day in the life of Australia's most charming and sophisticated mammals. 1 hr. bearmating, playing, foraging for food, and hiber- greatest natural wonder, and view the undersea WG1917* $4886 $9.95 nating. 1 hr. WG1520* $48,86 $9.95 world's brilliant colors and extraordinary inhabi- tants. 1 hr. WG2215 $48,86 $9.95 Rescuing Baby Whales NEW! Animal Hospital Join the dramatic rescue of young, stranded pilot Go behind the scenes for this Kingdom of the Seahorse whales, and learn what is behind this puzzling phe- offbeat, sometimes humorous, Discover this remarkable fish whose male nomenon. 1 hr. WG1908" $4896 $9.95 sometimes sad portrait of pets, becomes pregnant and gives birth. Tour the magi- their owners and their vets. From cal and complex world of the seahorsefrom an racehorses under the knife for Shadow of the Condor underwater enclave in Australia to a village in NOVA soars with the condor, an extraordinary bird cancer, to Manhattan hounds on the Philippines dependent on the seahorse for Prozac, you'll view the mini-dramas that lives a tenuous existence in the California moun- survival. 1 hr. WG2410 54896 $9.95 tains and the Andes of South America. Educational that unfold everyday in homes, zoos and veterinary hospitals. 1 hr. use only. 1 hr. WGIN705* MN $9.95 WG2504 6481* $9.95 Cut to the Heart Can a radical form of surgery from the jungles of Shark Attack! Animal Imposters Brazil save desperately ill heart-disease patients? Are sharks developing a taste for human flesh? A rash Watch this cutting-edge procedure in actionand lis- A gnarled twig. A stretch of sand. A shadow. of shark attacks off Hawaii spurs a team of researchers Suddenly they twitchor lungeand you realize ten to the stories of those whose lives it has renewed. to track the predators' elusive movementsand the 1 hr. WG2409 $4806 $9.95 you've been taken in by a cleverly disguised animal. scientists discover some surprising truths about the way sharks kill. 1 hr. WG2316 648,86 $9.95 1 hr. WG909* 53996 $9.95 Ebola:The Plague Fighters NEW! The Brain Eater The Ebola virus and its devastating impact is profiled NEW! Surviving AIDS as NOVA travels behind the quarantine line to observe Highly infectious and incurable, "mad cow disease" Between life and death lies hope. This eye-opening the scientists battling to contain this most deadly of has claimed the lives of nearly a million cattle in special combines the most promising research with viruses. 1 hr. WG2304 $4886 $9.95 Britain. Scientists race to determine whether a variant compelling human stories of patients and doctors of the disease spells a deadly epidemic for humans. devoted to unraveling one of the most complicated Educational use only. 1 hr. WG2505" $3896$9.95 Haunted Cry of a Long Gone Bird mysteries in scientific history. 1 hr. WG2603 $14196 NOVA explores the legacy of the great auk, a $9.95 Available Winter '99. NEW! Brain Transplant magnificent flightless bird that was hunted to extinc- tion over a century ago. Educational use only. 1 hr. NOVA follows a remarkable, little-known medical The Wonder of Life Boxed Set WG2113* $48,86 $9.95 detective story, leading from an inexplicable paralysis Hidden from the human eye, the among drug abusers, to a bad batch of synthetic hero- wonder of life unfolds in, on and in, to a research breakthrough in understanding Life's First Feelings around us with startling beauty Parkinson's Disease, to the prospect of curing brain Look close-up with researchers to understand babies' and unexpected drama. 4-video diseases with fetal implants. Educational use only. emotional responses, clues about developing person- set includes The Odyssey of Life 1 hr. WG1918" $1096 $9.95 ality traits and how parents help with socialization. Set )The Ultimate Journey, The 1 hr. W69304* MN $9.95 Unknown World, The Photographer's Secrets) and SAVE The Miracle of Life. 4 hrs. 50% 4 WG177 $68,86 $29.95 4 on orders received by 6/30/99 trR The Odyssey of Life Set Secret of the Wild Child The Best Mind Since Einstein Travel with the creator of The Miracle of Life NOVA profiles "Genie," a girl whose parents kept her A profile of the late Richard Feynman-atomic bomb into the mysterious and previously invisible world imprisoned in near total isolation from infancy. pioneer, Nobel prize-winning physicist, acclaimed inside our bodies. The 3-video set includes Includes footage of Genie during her rehabilitation teacher and all-around eccentric-who helped solve The Ultimate Journey, The Unknown World and and probes how and when we learn the skills that the mystery of the space shuttle Challenger explosion. The Photographer's Secrets. 3 hrs. WGB2317 make us "human." Educational use only 1 hr. Educational use only .1 hr. WGW7Or $4096 $9.95 $41186 $24.95 WG2112" WA $9.95 The Ultimate Journey Bomb Squad Stunning microphotography by Lennart Nilsson Siamese Twins A former IRA member reveals some of the organiza- shows how the developing human embryo Witness the intricate plans and delicate operations tion's most chilling tactics as NOVA looks at the reveals links to other species-reflecting a that give independence to two young girls who were British Army's latest technological advances-in shared ancestry that harks back to the dawn of born joined at the pelvis. 1 hr. WG2204" $1&86$9.95 which science and ingenuity are the key to survival. creation. 1 hr. WG2317 $40486 $9.95 1 hr. WG2413 $4186 $9.95 Stranger in the Mirror The Unknown World NOVA explores the nature of human perception Einstein Revealed They're hiding in your closet. They're lurking in through the puzzling condition called visual agnosia, Journey into the life and thoughts of a genius- your bed. They're all over you-and now, thanks the inability to recognize faces and familiar objects, through interviews with "Einstein- (Andrew Sachs to the microphotography of Lennart Nilsson, you made famous in Oliver Sacks' book, The Man Who of Fawlty Towers), insight from experts, and some can catch these creepy crawlers in the act, Mistook His Wife for a Hat. Educational use only. whimsical computer animation. 2 hrs. WG2311" magnified to monster size. 1 hr. WG2318 $48,86 1 hr. WG709" $4&86 $9.95 $40T06 $9.95 $9.95
The Photographer's Secrets NEW! The Truth About Impotence Fast Cars For the first time ever, Lennart Nilsson-the NOVA offers a revealing look at erectile dysfunction: The exhilaration of speed meets the challenges of photographer who led us into the awe-inspiring its causes, its life-shattering effects, and the amazing aerodynamic design as champion driver Bobby Rahal world of the womb-reveals his secret state-of- progress science has made in treating it over the last and a team of experts race to ready his custom car the-art microphotographic techniques. 1 hr. 20 years. 1 hr. WG2510 PM $9.95 for the Indianapolis 500.1 hr. WG2208 $4046 $9.95 WG2319 MN $9.95 Faster Than Sound The Miracle of Life The Universe Within Travel inside the human body, with microphotography The international race to build an aircraft that could This Emmy® award-winning classic brings you and computer animation achieved by the creators of crack the sound barrier was fraught with danger, along on an incredible microphotographic voyage The Miracle of Life. Witness the miracle of pregnancy, ambition, and intrigue. NOVA tells the real story of through the human body as a new life begins, the travels of a PB&J sandwich, and the amazing those who risked all to make aviation history- including the moment of conception. 1 hr. including Chuck Yeager, who on October 14,1947 WG001 MN $9.95 mechanism of movement. 1 hr. WG2206 $4046 $9.95 Also available, 90 -min. educational-use-only version. was the first pilot to fly faster than sound. 1 hr. WG2206A $10,96 $9.95 WG2412 $406 $9.95 Mystery of the Senses Boxed Set Enjoy a celebration of the sens- Hying the Blimp es- a vivid blend of science What's New About Menopause Examine new research and medical capabilities that Revisit the giant airships that ruled the skies-before and imagery. 5-video set stir up ethical controversies over the new ability to the Hindenburg disaster dashed their promise-and includes Hearing, Smell, Taste, postpone menopause or bear children after "the find out how latter-day blimp builders are resurrecting Touch and Vision. 5 hrs. change." 1 hr. WG2114 PM $9.95 these romantic lighter-than-air machines. 1 hr. WG2214t UM $34.95 WG1714 $486 $9.95
Hearing Kaboom! Visit the quietest place on earth, the music-rich Experience the ultimate chemical reaction-the Maori and a deaf woman regaining her hearing. explosion. With high speed photography and dramatic 1 hr. WG2209t $40.86 $9.95 reconstructions, NOVA examines the history of explo- Smell Avalanche! sives and their role in accidents, war and terrorism. Sample a huge spectrum of smells, from the With no warning and in mere seconds, an avalanche 1 hr. WG2401 $41186 $9.95 world's largest perfumery to sweaty t-shirts. 1 hr. wipes out everything in its path, killing hundreds of WG2210t $40,06 $9.95 people each year. See what risks scientists are taking The Light Stuff to protect us. 1 hr. WG2418N $UM $9.95 Reliving a Greek myth takes an effort of mythic pro- Taste portions, as NOVA reveals in its behind-the-scenes Savor the miracle of great cooking and eating. report of the recent human-powered flight across the 1 hr. WG2211t $10,06 $9.95 NEW! The Beast of Loch Ness Is the Loch Ness monster a fable, Aegean Sea. Educational use only .1 hr. worn' Touch a species unknown to science, or POT86 $9.95 Discover how touching is a potent tonic. 1 hr. a long-extinct reptilian cousin of WG2212t MN $9.95 the dinosaur? Join noted sonar Race to Catch a Buckyball Learn about the chance discovery of an entirely new Vision pioneer Dr. Robert Rines and his team of undersea experts to deter- form of carbon-soccer-ball-shaped miraculous mole- Explore how art and science enhance this, our mine whether "Nessie" is a great cules called Buckyballs. Educational use only. 1 hr. most magical sense. 1 hr. WG2213t $48,66 beast... or a great hoax. 1 hr. WG2216 $1186 $9.95 $9.95 WG2601 618,86 $9.95 (HI NOVA videos are closed-captioned for the hearing impaired. no retail packaging 41 t public performance rights are not included - 4-tA":" '4m.
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Physical Science, cont'd. This Old Pyramid Join an Egyptologist as he reveals the secrets of the 00 Roller Coaster! ancient pyramids and advises a stonemason from This on orders received NOVA takes viewers on Old House on how to build a new pyramid. 90 min. by 6/30/99 the ride of their lives as WGW278 $46,05 $9.95 Amazing Animals it explores the science of Meet some extraordinary animals around the world- roller coasters, where The Thrill of Flight Set from bugs to bats and more. Includes All-American physics and psychology meet. New rides of the future Take a rare opportunity to fly in some of the world's Bear, Little Creatures Who Run the World and may take place entirely in the mind-with virtual most fascinating airplanes. 3-video set includes Mystery of the Animal Pathfinders. Teacher's guide hr. WGW706* reality. Educational use only 1 Aircraft Carrier!, Daredevils of the Sky and B-29 included. 3 hrs. on 3 cassettes. WG089 $40,86 $24.95 $9.95 Frozen in Time. 3 hrs. WG163 $48,86 $24.95 Creatures of the Sea Aircraft Carder! Secrets of Lost Empires Dive deep for an underwater visit with the ocean's The grueling, yet suddenly thrilling life aboard most fascinating creatures. Includes Shark Attack!, Boxed Set the USS Independence. 1 hr. WGW2110 $19.46 Private Lives of Dolphins and Treasures of the Great Uncover the secrets of ancient $9.95 civilizations as NOVA journeys to Barrier Reef. Teacher's guide included. 3 hrs. on five archaeological sites where Daredevils of the Sky 3 cassettes. WG091 $46,86 $24.95 teams of experts use traditional Strap in for a ride with America's greatest stunt techniques to test their pilots. Stunning in-air photography puts you in Dinosaurs hypotheses. 5-video set the pilot's seat with the US Aerobatic Team. Join scientists in a dig for clues about the world of includes Colosseum, Inca, 1 hr. WGW2103 $19.96 $9.95 dinosaurs. 3-video set includes Buried in Ash, Dinosaurs of the Gobi, and Mammoths of the Ice Age. Obelisk, Stonehenge and Pyramid. B-29 Frozen in Time Teacher's guide included. Educational use only 3 hrs. 5 hrs. WG182 $68,86 $34.95 Join a grueling expedition to recover this rare on 3 cassettes. WG094 64646 $24.95 Colosseum plane from the North Pole after 50 years-a trip which tests team members in ways they never Try out two possible designs for the canopy that The Discoverers once covered the Colosseum-one of them bor- imagined. 1 hr. WG2303 MN $9.95 Take a close look at the century's great scientists and rowed from ancient ships. 1 hr. WG2406 $40:86 learn how they made their breakthrough discoveries. $9.95 Top Gun Over Moscow Includes Einstein Revealed(2 hrs.) and Race to Catch a For half a century we feared them. Now, for the first Inca Buckyball. Teacher's guide included. Educational use time, meet the rugged pilots of the Russian Air only. 3 hrs. on 2 cassettes. WG106 $4986 $24.95 Explore the magnificent mountainside citadels- Force-and take a close-up look at the heart-stopping and marvel as villagers create a 150-foot suspen- maneuvers that still fill Western flyers with awe. 1 hr. sion bridge using nothing but grass. 1 hr. WG2315 $18.66 $9.95 Discovering Ancient Cultures WG2404 $49:86 $9.95 Science provides new clues about some of the world's most interesting ancient cultures. Includes This Obelisk Old Pyramid (90 min.), Vikings in America, and Face the challenge of quarrying, chiseling, haul- Warriors of the Amazon. Teacher's guide included. ing, and mounting an obelisk-using stones, Educational use only. 3.5 hrs. on 3 cassettes. ropes, logs, and dirt. 1 hr. WG2405 $19.86 $9.95 WG092 64846 $24.95 Chip vs. the Chessmaster Stonehenge The Doctors Watch a band of experts move, raise, and cap a NOVA explores what it took to prepare Deep Thought, See how doctors operate behind the scenes. Grades 7 structure like the mysterious Stonehenge- a computer chess program, to take on world champion and up. Includes MD: The Making of a Doctor(2 hrs.) armed with Stone Age tools. 1hr. WG2403 Gary Kasparov in 1989. Educational use only 1 hr. and Ebola: The Plague Fighters. Teacher's guide 619.86 $9.95 WG1803* $18,86 $9.95 included. 3 hrs. on 2 cassettes. WG104 64846 $24.95 Pyramid Codebreakers Join the race to erect an 18-foot stone pyramid in NOVA delves into the history of secret communica- The Earth three weeks-while testing out some clever con- tions and the people who decipher them, probing the Take a close-up look at some of Earth's most spectac- struction theories. 1hr. WG181 $1.8,86 $9.95 most celebrated of all cryptographic coups: the break- ular phenomena. Includes In the Path of a Killer ing of the World War II codes used by Japan and Volcano , The Day the Earth Shook and Flood!. Super Bridge Germany. Educational use only. 1 hr. WGW2101* Teacher's guide included. 3 hrs. on 3 cassettes. Take a look at "the bridge of the $18,66 $9.95 WG110 $49.96 $24.95 future" and play sidewalk supervisor on one of the world's most remark- NEW! The Proof Exploring Space able and risky bridge projects-the Eureka! Follow Princeton math whiz Andrew Wiles, View the universe from new perspectives. Includes building of the elegant, cable-stayed who spent eight secluded years perfecting the proof Countdown to the Invisible Universe, Death of a Star Clark Bridge spanning the Mississippi of Fermat's Last Theorem, a famous enigma that had and Rescue Mission in Space. Teacher's guide includ- at Alton, Illinois. 2 hrs. WG2416 stumped experts for 300 years. Educational use only. ed. 3 hrs. on 3 cassettes. WG107 64846 $24.95 $40786 $9.95 1 hr. WG2414* $4966 $9.95 Fast Physics NEW! Supersonic Spies Understand the thrill and power of motion. Includes This true tale of cold war espionage tells the shocking Roller Coaster!, Fast Cars and Daredevils of the Sky. details of the race for supersonic passenger travel. 4 4? Teacher's guide included. Educational use only 3 hrs. 1 hr. WG2503 $14:86 $9.95 on 3 cassettes. WG086 64986 $24.95 Flight The Planets, The Stars and More Feel the exuberance and the thrill of flightin a Visit some of the most extraordinary places in the classic plane, fast planes, and a balloon. Includes universe. Includes Venus Unveiled, Eclipse of the Top Gun Over Moscow, Three Men and a Balloon and Century and Doomsday Asteroid. Teacher's guide Aircraft Carrier!. Teacher's guide included. 3 hrs. on included. Educational use only. 3 hrs. on 3 cassettes. Ants! 3 cassettes. WG111 $48,86 $24.95 WG087 $4846 $24.95 Look close-up at the world's most intriguing ants, then be a naturalist with the Uncle Milton's Ant Farm and The Human Body Scientific Detectives guide included in the set. Includes Little Creatures The intricate wonders of the human body are revealed Team up with scientists as they search for answers Who Run the World. 1 hr. W09203 $48,86 $9.95 in extraordinary visual detail. Includes The Miracle to intriguing mysteries. Includes Codebreakers, Hunt of Life, The Universe Within and The Ultimate for the Serial Arsonist and In Search of the First Flying! Journey. Teacher's guide included. 3 hrs. on 3 cas- Language. Teacher's guide included. Educational use Take a thrilling ride with America's best stunt pilots, settes. WG085 64946 $24.95 only. 3 hrs. on 3 cassettes. WG090 $4846 $24.95 then be a pilot with the three Whitewings stunt airplanes and guide included in the set. Includes Secrets of Lost Empires Daredevils of the Sky .1 hr. WG9103 $1886 $9.95 Travel to five archaeological sites with NOVA and their teams of experts. The mission? To replicate Our Ancestors! ancient engineering featsusing traditional tools. Solve the puzzle of the "missing link" between Includes Stonehenge, Inca, Obelisk, Colosseum humans and apes, then be an anthropologist with the and Pyramid. Teacher's guide included. 5 hrs. on Skilcraft skeleton model and guide included in the set. 5 cassettes. WG304 $34.95 Includes The Story of Lucy .1 hr. WG9106 $48,66 $9.95 Wild Weather Join "stormchasers" on a journey into danger to learn Pyramid! In Search of Human Origins how to tame nature's fury. Includes Lightning!, Explore the mysteries of the ancient pyramids of View the award-winning exploration of the beginnings Tornado! and Hurricane!. Teacher's guide included. Egypt, then be an Egyptologist with the 3-D pyramid and development of the human race. Includes 3 hrs. on 3 cassettes. WG088 $4844 $24.95 puzzle and guide included in the set. Includes This Old The Story of Lucy, Surviving in Africa and The Creative Pyramid. 90 min. WG9278 $1486 $9.95 Revolution. Teacher's guide included. 3 hrs. on NOVA,, 3 cassettes. WG109 $4846 $24.95 tnia,'' The Mysteries of the Mind Explore the intriguing phenomena of perception, psy- chological development, and reports of alien abduc- tions. Includes Kidnapped by UFOs, Secret of the Wild NOVA videos are closed-captioned for the hearing impaired. Child, and Stranger in the Mirror. Teacher's guide no retail packaging t public performance rights are not included included. Educational use only. 3 hrs. on 3 cassettes. NOVA is a trademark of the WG8H Educational Fcandetion WG105 $4846 $24.95 01938 WG8H Educational Foundation
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r. . Writers Excerpts from the National Science Guides Luann Colombo Education Standards reprinted with To be placed on our mailing list to Kristina Ransick permission from NSES. Copyright receive a free subscription to the Belinda Recio 1996 by the National Academy of semiannual NOVA Teacher's Guide, Sciences. Available from the National send us a note with your name, Curriculum Consultants Candace Dunlap, Science Academy Press, 2101 Constitution address, and the grades and Ave, N.W., Lockbox 285, Washington, subjects you teach to: Department, Malden Public Schools, Malden, MA DC 20055. NOVA Teacher's Guide Reen Gibb, Science Department, Permission is granted for reproduction WGBH, 125 Western Avenue Brookline Public Schools, of this printed material by schools Boston, MA 02134 Brookline, MA and libraries for educational use only. E-mail: Hollington Lee, Science [email protected] Department, West Springfield All other rights reserved. Other High School, West Springfield, MA than as discussed above, no part of Transcripts Maxine Rosenberg, Science the NOVA Teacher's Guide may be Full transcripts of NOVA programs Department, Newton Public Schools, reproduced, stored in a retrieval airing after January 7, 1997, are Newton, MA system, or transmitted in any form available on NOVAS Web site at: or by any means, electronic, Designers http://www.pbs.org/nova/ mechanical, photocopying, recording, Tong-Mei Chan, Margaret Jeschke, or otherwise, without the prior transcripts Douglass Scott written permission of the WGBH Transcripts of shows airing before Photo Researcher Educational Foundation, 125 Western that date are available for purchase Deborah Paddock Avenue, Boston, MA 02134. by calling (800) ALL-NEWS. Illustrators Closed captioned for viewers who are Steve Stankiewicz, Rose Zgodzinski Taping Rights deaf or hearing impaired. Print Production All new NOVA programs may be ce used for one year from their broad- Lenore Lanier cast date. (See Contents & Broadcast Photography The NOVA television series is Schedule, page 1, for any exceptions.) Cover, NIBSC/Science Photo Library/Photo Researchers, produced by WGBH Boston, which Inc.; Pages1-5,40(background) NASA; page5 (class) Brian Mayton; pages 6-9 (background) 0 CM/Science is solely responsible for its content, Photo Library/Photo Researchers, Inc.; page 6 (HIV) Credits and distributed by the Public Bo Veisland, MI 8 I/Science Photo Library/Photo The NOVA Teacher's Guide is produced Researchers, Inc.; pages10-13(background) Monika Broadcasting Service. Andersson; pages14-17(background) 0 Nathan by the Educational Print and Benn/Stock, Boston; page14(firefighter) Rosenfeld Outreach department of the WGBH Major funding for NOVA is Images Ltd./Science Photo Library/Photo Researchers, Inc.; pages18-23(background) 0 Steve Allen/Peter Educational Foundation. provided by Arnold, Inc.; page18(crash) AP/Wide World Photos; pages24-27(background) ° Fred McConnaughey/ Director of Educational Outreach PARK Science Source/Photo Researcher, Inc.; page24(vents) Beth Kirsch FOUNDATION B. Murton/Southampton Oceanography Centre/Science Photo Library/Photo Researchers, Inc.; pages28-31 Associate Director of Educational (background and fetus) 0 Lennart Nilsson. Print and Outreach MtU Coven Colored scanning electron Karen Barss The Quiet Company' micrograph shows lumpy surface of an Manager of Educational Print infected helper T cell (blue). Small Sonja Latimore spherical HIV particles (red) seen on the cell's surface are budding away Project Director from the cell. Karen Hartley Associate Editor Copyright o 1999 Jennifer Lisle WGBH Educational Foundation Assistant Editor
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