T H E Ed i t o r of t h e Rosyth Time-Table and G u i d e ha v i n g been req uested to col lect H i st o r i ca l

t Fac s concern ing Rosyth and district , has now

a n d endeavou red to satisfy th is demand for information , a n u mber of i nteresting facts obtai nabl e from among th e existi ng charters and wo rks of good au thorities are

collected herein . After expenses of production are covered al l profits

go to Naval Charity .

- A E i . O T N e R D . J HN . R U P ER J O S L t , u , ,

E DI TOR .

D UN FER MLI NE

i t e A. m n e S o n P e ffi P b Ro a s s s O e . r n d y , r c

1 9 1 7 .

To

l a b g 1h a mi lt o n ,

A M I R LTY H F D A O U S ,

S R O YTH ,

WH OSE I N D Y I N TE RE S T I S P I R E I S P U B L I AT I O N K L N D T C ,

TH I S WO R K I S D E D I C ATE D

A S A TO K P N O F G R AT I T UD E .

C ON T E N T S .

Notes on Dun fe rmlin e

N ote s on North an d S outh Qu e en sferry 1 1 - 1 2

N o t e s on I nve rkeithing

Ro syth

Orig in a l O wn e rshi p o f D u r r i sd e e r a n d R o syth B G enealogy o f King R obert I . ( ru c e)

Arm s o f t he Roya l S t ewa rt s o f Ro syth an d D u r r i sd e e r

The Fa mily of t he Ste w a rt s o f R o syth

The B r u ce s o f Cl ac km ann an

Hydrographic a l N o t e s on t he d i strict

C w e a n d B a o f P i t r e avi e Oliver rom ll , the ttle

Va ri o u s Hi storic a l Not es

For t h B ridge 4 8 -49

M a o f D f e A t e n d o f o p un ermlin b ok .

HI STO RI C A L N OTE S ON RO SYTH

A N D D I ST RI C T .

L A o G R I C O , with a c nsiderable Roman Army ,

A D . 8 . arrived i n the F irth of Forth about the y ear . 3

o The shores of the F rth , and indeed the greater part of th e cou n try were occupied by the Romans u ntil

A . D . 440 . The F irth was then called the Sea of

B o d o t r i a t h e S co t w a t e r later it took name of , wh ich name

w a s A . D 1 1 retained u n ti l abou t . 64 ; at a still later period it was named P horth . The Romans left many landmarks , some of wh ich may be seen to -day on the promontory above North

Queensferry i n the shape of old ru ined forts .

C a n m h r f 1 0 Malcolm I I I . ( e o ) was King o Scotland from 5 7

“ 1 1 a n a to 093 . I n th e year 069 he was le di g raiding p arty in

o B D u rham , when the heir to th e Saxon Th r ne of E ngland , adgar f E t h li n g , Agatha h is mother , and two sisters , M argaret and

Wea r mo u t h Ch ristian , sought h is protection at Monks ; read ily f the gallant King o fered the hand of friendsh ip , and gave th em

a passage by sh ip to S co t w t e r . I n al l probabil ity they landed

o t at R syth Castle , and made their way on foot by the shortes

B r a n kh o lm and on ly direct rou te along what is now cal led Lane, but formerly was u ndoubtedl y known as the Grange Road , the n ame wh ich it stil l bears (over two-th i rds of its length) a t B l ’ the D u nferm l ine end . adgar E t h i n g s sister Margaret

1 0 was born i n H ungary i n 47 , and the year after she landed in Scotland sh e became the bride of King Malcolm I I I .

They were married i n D u nferm line Tower , the site of w h ich is stil l to be seen with in the P i t t e n c r i eff Park on th e right hand after entering by the Abbey Gate . Quee n 1 Margaret had six sons and two daughters . ( ) Edward , named after her father , followed h is father into battle wh i lst besieging th e Castle of Al nwick , in Northumberland . I t

w a s 1 0 . here K ing Malcolm I I I . met h is death i n November 93 w Edward died from ou nds two days after h is father , and h is

lot h o 1 0 . mother , on hearing the news , died next day , N vember 93

’ 2 ( ) Edgar , named after Margaret s brother , became K ing and ” w o n th e t itle of The Peaceable . (3) Edmu nd . (4) A lexander , named after Pope Alexander I I . H e became King “ A . 1 1 0 w o n . lexander I i n 7 , and the title of The F ierce

I . (5 ) David , who became King David , better known as The

o -u sl Sai r Sanct on acc u n t of h is sadly p io disposition , was l so n . 6 E t h e r ed e probably named after the you ngest of Jesse ( ) ,

’ o named after Q ueen Margaret s great grandfather , died ab ut

’ 1 1 1 7 . Edmu nd had been named after Queen Margaret s grand father ; th is nam ing of the sons shows at a glance the power the Queen exerted over the King . Her eldest daughter , Mat ilda or Ed ith , married King Hen ry I . of E ngland ; and their

o f daughter , Matilda or Maud , married first , H en ry V . Emperor

y f Germany , and secondl , after h is death , Geo frey P lantagenet

The Handsome , whose son was H enr y I I . of E ngland . Q a ’ ueen Marg ret s you nger daughter , Mary , married E ustace ,

Cou n t of B ou logne , and the girl ch ild of th is marriage was

’ K ing Stephen of E ngland s Queen .

o . Q ueen Margaret , the bride of Malc lm I I I , was you ng , lovely , and learned ; by her piety and ge ntleness she won the h eart of th is powerfu l monarch , and converted h is cou rt from

e th ei r rough ways . She was l o ved and v nerated by al l her

f o r u n se lfish n ess . su bj ects , and became renowned wisdom and King Malcolm and Queen Margaret fou nded th e Abbey o f

1 0 2 1 1 1 D u nferml ine i n 7 , wh ich was completed i n 5 du ring the reign of Alexander I . Shakespeare in Macbeth evidently al l udes to Queen Margaret in the fol lowing l ines The Quee n that bore thee

Oftener upon her knees than on her feet , ” D ied every day she l ived . — A B E H . . M C T , Act I V , Scene 3 n - K ing Edward I . of E gland made a stay of n inety seven days at the M o nastery , and for pol itical reasons had th e whole place destroy ed b y fire when he left on the morn in g of Feb ruary

1 0 1 0 . o , 3 4 Th e Monastery was rebu ilt s mewhere abou t the year

1 2 6 e 1 3 1 5 . The Abbey was pillaged in 5 , after the Battl of Avon bridge ; and both the Abbey an d M o nastery appear to have su ffered badly at the hands of the Reformers on the 2 8 t h M arch

1 5 60 .

1 6 I n n o cen t I V . canon ized Queen Margaret 5 years after

’ 1 her bu rial . The exact date of th e Pope s action is given as 5 th

o f o u r o -n t i fi ca t e October i n the sixth year p , bu t the date of her an nual festival appears to have been altered on several

1 2 occasions . S ince 49 , Queen Margaret has been known as

Saint Margaret of Scotland , not to be confused , however , with the Christian girl who refused to marry the Roman Governor , and who , i n consequence , was terribly tortu red and eventual ly

A D 2 8 o beheaded , . . 7 , al though i n all pr babil ity th is earl ier Saint

’ Margaret was Q ueen Margaret s patron sain t . Q ueen Margaret ’ s head was taken from D u nferm li ne to

R ev o lu Douay , and is supposed to have been lost in the French tion most of her remain ing r e li es aresaid tohave been ensh rined by P h il l ip I I . in the Escu rial at Madrid .

’ ’ G u e ld r es I I . s Mary of , James Queen , wore S t . Margaret s chem ise or sark when giving birth to James I I I . ; th is chem ise

o was also worn by the m ther of James V . when he was born . Tradition relates A stone on th e D u nferml ine road bears

’ h er (Queen Margaret s) name ; in wal king to D u nferm l ine , she

o o o complained of fatigue and sat d wn up n th is st ne , wh ich on

’ that accou n t was cal led St . Margaret s Ston e . The stone th us t h onou red by the sacred sit ing part of the P rincess , who was

t o destined become Queen of Scotland , may be seen j utting i nto

e - the h ighway on th e Que nsferry D u nferm l in e R o ad . — N OTE Th is stone was r emoved fr o m its original site by the

1 8 Royal Su rveyor in 56 . As Q ueen Margaret was con

st a n t l e y travel l ing between D u nferm l in and E di nbu rgh , it

she ma is h igh ly probably that y have rested on th is ston e . I O

The ru ins of th e south w al l of the M o nastery are on th e righ t hand when proceeding up Monastery Street towards

P i t t e n cr i eff . y Park Th e extend as far as the archway , wh ich j oins the Monas t er y to the Ru ins of the R oyal Palace on the

t h e left hand side . after arch is passed , but with in the Park

ra il ings .

1 0 . From 5 7 u ntil the reign of Charles I I , or abou t the year

' 6 0 y e 5 . Du nferm l ine Ro al Palace appears to have been a frequ nt

R o v a lresidence of the Scottish Monarchs . D unferm l ine was to

o t h e Sc t smen almost a sacred city , and was up to time of King

B . Robert I . ( ruce) the Capital of the K ingdom Even after the

a h a d C pit al been transferred to Edinbu rgh , D u nferm l ine

remained the favou rite residence of Roy alty . The city takes

t i s name from t he D u n or fort , tower or mou nd , with th e Ferm water winding rou nd it and form ing a L in n or pool close to

’ n Malcolm s Tower . The ame , however , may be derived from the

t w o st reams Fe rm and Lyne wh ich meet due south of the town ,

t he L y ne ru n n ing nearly east to west across the lower side o f

th e town . Li t t le i s left of th e great and glorious Abbey ; only the

nave remains , and that has been repaired to such an extent that

it i s d ifficu lt to detect the original fro m the artificial . Stil l some very fine specimens of Norman architectu re remain ; the nave is

1 8 1 8 i ncorporated with the new edifice erected in . I t was wh ile the new ch u rch was being bu ilt that the remains

of King Robert I . (B ruce) were discovered . The body itself

was reduced to a skeleton , bu t the lead i n wh ich it was wrapped

w a s intact , and al l doubts as to the identity of the body were set at rest by th e d iscovery that th e breast bone had been sawn

t h rough to enable the heart t o be removed . The K ing expressed a wish to be bu ried i n the H oly Land , so h is heart was extracted

a n d del ivered to Earl Douglas (The B lack Dougl a s) who vowed to fi bu ry it in Jerusalem . On h is way th ith er he tu rned aside to ght

e co n t h e Moors in Spain , wh re he was kil led , and the casket

’ tain ing Robert B ruce s heart was lost on the battlefield , but was

o . eventual ly recovered , and now rep ses i n Melrose The fol low ll

i n g R o yal personages were bu ried in D u nferm l ine Abbey

1 0 Queen Margaret and her eldest son , E dward , 93 (the body of

o . the Queen , with that of K ing Malc lm I I I , was removed to the Lady Chapel when she was canon ized i n K ing D u ncan

. so n o . I I , wh o was probably a of King Malc lm I I I by h is first

I n i b i o r o f To r f ea n s 1 0 - wife g g , widow , Earl of Orkney , 94 5 ;

E t h elr ed e 1 0 6 1 1 0 . , abou t 9 ; King Edgar , 7 ; King Malcolm I I I , whose body was exhu med at Tynemou th and r e-interred i n th e

A 1 1 1 e r bbey , 5 , when the bu i lding was completed ; King Al xande

I . 1 1 2 I . 1 1 . 1 1 6 , 4 ; K ing David , 54 ; Ki ng Malcol m I V , 5 ;

I 1 2 a n d Q ueen M argaret , consort to A lexander . , 74 ; David

A o 1 2 80 . 1 2 8 lexander her s ns , both in ; Alexander I I I , 4 ;

’ e I st s e 1 2 E lizabeth , King Rob rt (B ruc ) second Queen , 3 7 ; R . 1 2 1 6 obert I (B ruce) , 3 9 ; Matilda B ruce , h is daughter , 35 ;

1 66 l o Ch ristian B ruce , his sister , 3 ; A n nabel a D rumm nd , Queen

r . 1 0 to Robe t I I I , 4 3 ; lastly , Robert , th e infant son of James

VI . of Scotland and I . of E nglan d and A n ne of Denmark , h is

Q ueen .

. o . James V I of Sc tland and I of E ngland brough t h is bride , A t o . . n ne of Den mark , D u nferm l in e Palace Charles I of E ngland was born there on t he lgt h November 1 600 ; and

1 Charles I I . of E ngland was residing there as late as the 6th

1 A ugust 650 .

P t ’ or us Regi me or Q ueen s P or t or Fer r y ( Q ueen sf er r y ) .

s S co t w a t er The pas age across , or the Forth as it is now

o called , was always of extreme imp rtance to travel lers , and many

o — ferries were c nsequently estab l ished notably Queensferry , wh ich possibly took its name from Queen Margaret . A cu rious

’ ru le obtai ned at Earl s Ferry , E l ie Ness , wh ich took its name

M a cD u ff w h o fl ed from , Thane of F ife , here from Macbeth ; al l fugitives passing to the south shore were by law given a certain

t o grace , no boat being allowed start i n pu rsu it u ntil th e first

- was half way over the Forth . 1 2

Sou th Queensferry has been a bu rgh of Royalty since 1 639 .

1 8 0 The t ow n contains remains of a Carmel ite Friary , wh ich in 9 w a s conver t ed into an Episcopal Chu rch . Hawes I n n , of

' Scot t s stil l stands hard by H awes P ier . I n the ne ighbou rhood are the seats of the Earl of Rosebery and

Marq u is of L inl ithgow .

N or th Q ueen sf er r y .

North Q ueensferry is situated o n the promontory known as

i k 1 2 0 o t h e C r u c s . I n the year 7 a somewhat extraordinary pr j ect i n connection with I nverkeith ing was conceived by some wealthy

w o n J e s , who p lanned to establ ish a New Jerusalem the pro

t h e montory , with the idea of gathering al l trade of the coast and estab l ish ing a centre of wealth as well as a harbou r of refuge for their distressed nation . They laid plans for fortifying the head

n lands and developing the harbou rs of I nverkeith i g and Rosyth .

f t h e H owever , al l their e forts to pu rchase land proved u navail ing

u e and owi ng to lack of enco ragem nt the schem e fai led . Opposite North Queensferry is the island of I n chg a r v i e

w o o f o f h ich supp rts one the cantilevers the Forth B ridge .

Th is island was at one time used as a State prison , u nti l that

institution was transferred in the reign of Charles I I . t o the

. C a r li n n o se Bass Rock From the g Q uarry , on the eastern

o side of the promont ry , stone was obtained for the pavi ng of

’ London s streets , for th e bu ilding of the g reat Russian fortress

of Kronstad , and the Docks at Leith .

I n ver k i h e t i n g .

l h nverkeith ing , spoken of in the Papal B u l l of 7t J une 1 1 63

a s I n n i r ke i t h i n a r the B u rgh of , prob bly de ived its name fro m the

K e i t h i n o r s t ream cal led the wh ich empties int the in ner ha bou r ,

o . and from the word I nver, mean ing a m u th I n the y ea r 1 1 20 1 3

R y it is stated that there was a Ch u rch , a Chapel Roy al , and a o al

Palace at I nverkeith ing . King Dav id I . appears to have bu ilt

1 1 2 w the Palace in 4 ; a portion of it sti l l stands , an d is kno n as ” i l Th t h e Palace at R o t m ls I n ns . e Chapel Royal appears

. a s to have been erected by K in g Malcol m I V , better known “ ” 1 1 8 The Maiden , abou t 5 , a l ittle to th e sou th of the Palace ;

1 2 6 a n d a wal l was placed rou nd the Chapel i n 3 , repairs were

1 1 0 e . execu ted to th is wal l i n 7 , as a ston set therein testifies

h stl R osyt C a e .

’ R as t h n s Rosyth , spel t y i n the second editio of B laeu Atlas ,

i t h R o ssi t h t . 1 6 R o ss t h 1 6 R o sa vol 54 ; y i n 3 3 , and variously ,

R o ssi t h R o ssi v e R o ssi t h e R o s i t h R o -si t h R o ss t h e , , , y , y , y

R a si t h R a s t h e R esi t h R es t h e R es t h R o ssi ssi , y , , y , y , and

r o 1 8 0 th roughou t th e reco ds up to ab u t 3 , probably takes its

o o r name from Ross , mean ing a prom n tory pen i nsu la , and

- H yth e or H ith e , an A nglo Saxon word , mean ing a landing

u a n d place . At h ighwater the Castle was su rro nded by water ; ‘

' was con nected with th e ma i n la nd by a n a r t i fici a l causeway .

B r a n kh o lm a o Lane and th e Gr nge Road , j in ing Rosyth

o Castle to D u nferm l ine Abbey , seld m d iverges to any extent

o from the straigh t l ine ; in fact , in s me parts of th is road where

a th e hedges are h igh , looking southward th e C stle fills the field

o of v iew , and lo king northwards the spire and tower of the

e Abbey , wh ich wer original ly con nected with the Monastery

b e o . and Palace , are al l that can seen ver the fields I t is pro bable that Rosyth Castle was the landing-place f o r visitors to the sacred city of D u nferm l ine . We have some proof that

'

Rosyth Castle was of more than sl ight importance , i n the fact that Queen Mary ’ s A rms are i n the wal l of an upper compart ment over the mai n gateway . I n th e year 1 56 1 Queen Mar y retu rned from France to take u p the Crown of Scotland , an d it is bel ieved that sh e spen t considerable time at Rosyth Castle on

e mor than one occasion , probably using it as a seaside resort . 1 4

know t h a t she p a ssed t o th e east of Du nferml ine or th rough i t on her escape from Loch Leven with George Douglas on 2 n d

r d 1 68 a n d or 3 May 5 , it is not at al l u n l ikely that she embarked

R o sv t h a from . l though it is though t to be improbable by some h istorians .

’

e . I . . 2 0 Chalmers H istory of D u nferm l in , Vol , p 9

( Footnote) . states There is frequent mention made in the

G e lla ld G e lla n d R egister of the Seh ire of or , the gift of King

a t Edgar , and of th e Port of the Grange thereof , or Wester

R o sv t h . , the gift of King David I I I t is not improbable that

o t h e d istrict , so named , may have been the s uthern part of the parish of D u nferm l ine , where were th e two propert ies of Easter — — a n d Wester Gellet (N O TE . There is a property abou t half

o a m ile north of L imekilns called Gel let , l ikewise a conspicu us rock (also in the B roomhal l estate) named the Gel let

— o B r u ceh a v en and where is the harb u r now named ,

o f near th e old ch u rch , at the west end the ancient parish of

o t o P i t li v e r Rosyth . I t is menti ned , too , as adj oin ing , in the

- south east part of the parish , and separated by a stream from the l a nd of Abercromby . I t may even have extended to the eastern part of th e Torry bu rn Parish , where there is a farm and stil l is ” G ella n d e r st o n . a tol l , named

I bi d . 8 , p 5 7 , the au thor gives a free translation of a charter

2 2 n d 1 0 t o the Monastery , dated March 45 , granted by James I I

lla l of Scotland The gift of King Edgar , the sh ire of G e d .

’ ” e 1 I n H enderson s An nals of D u nf rml ine , on p . 39 , is given a free translation of part of a charter by David I I gra nting to the Abbey of Du nferml ine the privilege of a port or harbou r at eith e r Th e Grange of G ella ld

. 1 6 2 . or at Wester Rosyth 3 David , by the Grace

t h e of God , King of Scots , to whole uprigh t men in the — kingdom , Greeting Know ye that I have given and granted to God and to the blessed Margaret the Queen , to the Abbot and

D u n f e r ml n Mon ks of y serving God there forever , for them

e selves , th eir bu rgesses , and m rchants that they h old a port or

G e lla ld R o ss t h t h harbou r at Grange , of , or at Wester y , with e 1 5

consent of the o wners thereof , for al l sorts of goods and merchand ise , as wel l as wool , h ides , and skins ; and at th e said harbou r by the merchants of the same , for carrying , importing ,

exporting , and weigh ing , freely , lawfu l ly , as they may see most expedien t for themselves— reserving to ou rselves always th e

f . 1 . 2 0 R i st . D u n . 8 . e Great Customs , etc . (P rint g No 9 , pp 7 ,

- The Ru ins of Rosyth Castle , as they appear to day , present from a distance a large square tower , with an old wal l to the

- t o north west and west ; th is bu ilding , wh ich , owing the

f o r excel lency of the w o rkmansh ip has stood cen tu ries , is a

o Norman Keep ; before it th ere probably sto d a Roman Fort ,

c erected by th e fol lowers of Agri ola , as a guard house to maintain the safe passage of the F o rth against an enemy from land or

1 6 1 sea , as indeed it was used u nt il as late as 5 , when it fel l to

’ Ol iver Cromwel l s forces . The Norman Keep we see to-day has u ndergone but sl ight arch itectu ral alterations since its date of erection in an age of wh ich h istory has long since closed the pages so far as we are

a ov . ble to disc er On examination , the Tower is almost square , being 48 feet 6 inch es long and 41 feet 3 i nches broad measu red 6 h over th e wal ls , the battlements are 5 7 feet i nc es above the

a d grou nd , n th e h ighest gables of the main bu ilding , on ly a

- s smal l portion of wh ich remain to day , ro e to the height of 68 feet .

- I t is a fou r storied bu ilding , with the main hal l on the first

floor , th e basement (kitch ens) being a few feet below the level of the grou nd . Th e hall and basement both have vau lted or

. o arch ed roofs (ceil ings) Th e principal room being , of c u rse ,

2 0 20 o 2 the main hal l , is feet h igh , feet br ad , and 7 feet long . I t

t w o k contains large wi ndows , one loo ing east and one west ;

1 these windows , 3 feet h igh and 4 feet 7 inches i n width , are mu l l ioned and transomed , that is , divided vertical ly and horizon

. - tal ly in to fou r double compartments The in itials , I . S . M . N .

1 6 A n no 39 , on the transom of the fou rth an d lowest compartment of th e outside of th e west window , stil l remai n as indisputable 1 6

evidence of t h e date a n d ownersh ip of the Castle when these l a t ter d a y w indows t ook th e pl a ce of the a rrow -shaped sl its t hat e e w i s r xist d before . one of h ich stil l to be fou nd i n the no th wa l l

o f a . t h e h ll . some distan ce above the floor The in itials are those w of J ames Ste art , who married Margaret Napier , daughter of ” a n J oh n N pier of Merch iston , th e I nve tor of Logarith ms , w h o succeeded to the ownersh ip of Rosyth Lands and Castle in 1 60 7 (but probabl y d id not take possession before and d ied a r 1 t h t r a n s m bout May 1 64 1 . The upper mu l l ions and o es of the west window are disti nctly shown in the fron tispiece .

West Wi n East Wi ndow . dow.

— D I S M N -Ann o 1639

fi r e- - d The place , with a large flat arch and a simple rou n ed

i s h mou lding , bu ilt into the south wal l of the great al l of wh ich i t occupies nearly th e whole . The lower wal ls of the Keep measu re 1 0 feet 6 i nches i n

6 . t h ickness at the grou nd , decreasing to feet in the upper storeys

a s The main stai rcase w a wind ing staircase tower , contain ing a circular stairway lead ing to the h ighest part o f the Castle . It — w a s situated i n the sou th east corner of the Keep , next to the

n i s o f main en tra ce , which nearly i n the m iddle the south wal l

o f 1 6 1 f a cing t h e Forth . A considerab le number years before 5 t h e n or t h wal l of t h e Keep was added to by a wal l with a gabled r 0 h e c 0 o r oof , 3 feet h ig , attach d to wh i h were l iving rooms , 3

1 8

1 carved sh ield beari n g the Scottish L ion Rampant . The sh ield i s w t w o fio r i a t ed held bet een th istles , and su rmou nted by a large

w w . cro n . the hole resting on a crou ch ing u n icorn

-o f- There is a second coat arms over the main entrance , bu t w ind an d weather have very completely obl iterated al l trace of

t h e o f . design . I t probab ly bore arms the Stewarts of Rosyth

e Various Charters mention a M il l and Fortal ic , and there i s evidence of the farm lands of Rosyth being of conside rable

’ exten t , as sh own by the fol lowing entry in P itcairn s Criminal

— n d er so n e . 1 6 2 26 1 A Trials (4to , p ) Apri l , 533 Janet , con v i ct ed of art and part of fi r e-raising and bu rn ing o f a byre o f the R o s t h e a n d n . Laird of y , and sixty oxen eleve cows therein ” D rowned . There do not appear to be any i ndicat ions of any written

titles of land , the property of individuals , in Scotland , earl ier f than the reign of David I . ; and several o the charters of h is

reign , wh ich have been preserved , as wel l as many of those of

h is immediate successors , show that the Crown was already

st i u looked to as the source of al l property in land , and con tain p la t i o n s of vassalage and m i litary service ( P reface to Acts of

I . o . Parl iament , Scotland , Vol . , fol i I t is stated that

o — various charters give th e f llowing owners Robert Stewart ,

First D u ke of A lbany , appears to have owned the Lands of Rosyth at the commencemen t o f the 1 4 th centu ry ; in 1 43 7 th e

1 0 g rou nds of Rosyth belonged to David Stewart ; in 49 , to

1 1 80 Robert Stewart ; i n 5 5 9 , to Robert Stewart (j u n ior) ; i n 5 ,

a 1 60 to James Stew rt ; i n 3 , to another James Stewart ; and from

1 6 1 t o 1 66 . 4 3 , to a th ird James S tewart The owners of the Castle and Lands of Rosyth were derived

from the ancestors of the Royal H o use of Stewart . The su r

. S t i u bh a r d name Stewart , in Gael ic , is spelt Stewart , Steuart , i Stuart , or Steward . I t is said that K ng Malcol m I V . (Maiden) made the office of Lord H igh Steward hered itary in the Stewart

Fam ily , and th is he confi rmed by charter . Alexander Stewart

1 2 1 was th e fourth Lord H igh Steward . H e l ived between 4 and ‘ 1 2 8 M R o r 3 , and married the dau gh ter and he iress of Angus y ,

Lord of B ute . He was Regent of Scotland du ring King A lex

’ I 1 2 6 a I I . s . nder m inority I n 3 A lexander Stewart , with King

f o f A . lexander I I I , final ly de eated the great expedition King

Haco of Norway after a succession of skirm ishes , at th e battle of Largs i n Ayrsh ire ; he also an nexed th e Isle of Man to the

1 2 8 a n d Scottish Crown , and died i n 3 , leavi ng issue two sons one daugh ter

1 t h . ( ) S ir James Stewart , 5 Lord H igh Steward

2 B o n k i ll ( ) S ir Joh n Stewart of , ancestor of th e Stewarts

of Rosyth . (3) E l izab eth 20

S i r J a m es succeeded h i s fa t h er a s 5 t h Lord H igh Steward of

a s Sco t l a n d . H e w one of th e R egents a fter th e sudden d ea th

K r I I I . 1 2 86 . of ing A l exande i n H e d ied , leaving issue fou r s o n s a n d one d a ughter

1 ( ) A ndrew Stewart . f 2 “a w 6t h ( ) lter Ste art . Lord H igh Steward , his successor .

h n (3 ) S i r Jo n Stewart . killed at D u dal k 1 3 1 8 .

a bi . $ 2 O t . (4) Si r J mes Stewart of D u risdeer , 4

(5 ) E g idia married A lexander de M ey n e r s .

D r u mla n r i D u la o ses . . 8 . g and th e g , by C T Ramage , page 9 w I n con n ection ith the Parish of Du risdeer , du ring the

’ t ime of Robert B ruce ( 1 30 6 there is a charter (Robertson s

1 b v n I ndex . 3 ) K i g Robert I . (B ruce) in favou r of A lexander

M e v n e r s a n d u o o f de E gidia Stewart , h is spo se . of the bar ny

1 2 D u risdeer , dated 3 7 . Th is Egidia Stewart was th e daugh ter

a n . of J mes . H igh S teward of Scotland . Egid ia resig ed th e

y baron of D u risdeer to her brother , S i r James S tewart , who rece ived a charter of these lands , and another charter to h im i n d h i s w ife of the baro ny of E nache (E noch) from King

’ Robert I . (B ruce) . Th is James commanded h is brother s

1 2 vassals in 3 7 , in a hostile i ncu rsion into E ngland led by ” “ R n I d . a d . bi . andolph Douglas ( , p The B arony of

n 1 2 o f n n z — D u risdeer co sisted in 3 7 the fol lowi g la ds Castleh i ll , w h ere the manor house was situated ; Upper and Nethe r

n Th i r st a n e G a t esla ck S t a n eb u t B u r n r a i n s Dal vee , , , , g , M u ir

H a f la n d I n lest o u n o A n n o lst o u n h ouse , , g , and als (call ed also Col in and S i r Wal ter Stewart succeeded h is fath er as 6t h Lord H igh

o f Steward . H e led the left wing of the army at the Battle

n o n Ban nockbu r , wh ere h e was kn ighted th e field by King

. o Robert I . (B ru ce) H e married (first) Marj rie , daugh ter of i . h s K ing Robert I by first wife Isabel la , daugh ter of Donald ,

n o f te th Earl of Mar ; he married (secondly) Isabella , Cou ntess

1 1 Fife . H e had issue by h is first wife , one son (born 3 5

w h o d a s t h a su ccee ed h im 7 Lord H igh Steward , and who bec me I I K R . ing obert after the death of King David I I . 21

King Robert I I . married (first) E l izabeth , daughte r of S ir

A R o w a lla n . dam M u re of , who was closely related to h im There were n ine ch ildren of th is marriage , who were legitimized by

Papal dispensation . Secondly , he married E uphem ia , Cou ntess of M oray , by whom he had fou r ch ildren . H e also had th ree — illegitimate sons S ir Joh n Stewart , Thomas Stewart , and

Alexander Stewart . Th e lawfu l sons were

1 e e b . ( ) Joh n St wart , who styled h ims lf K ing Ro ert I I I

when he became king , and married An nabella D rum h mond , who l ived i n I nverke ith ing Palace . From t is marriage the K ings of Scotland and E ngland were

m . . d descended , com encing with James I of Scotlan ,

their son .

2 ( ) Walter Stewart .

. 1 . 1 1 (3) Robert Stewart , D uke of A lbany , Nat 339 , Obit 4 9 ,

I o married ( st) Margaret , C u ntess of M enteith , by whom

M u r d a c 2 n he had issue , an on ly son , who became d

A lba n v 1 20 1 2 D uke of i n 4 , and Earl of B uchan 4 4 .

H e was beheaded by James I .

ur Robert Stewart married secondly , M iel la , daugh ter of

S ir Walter de Keith , by whom he had issue th ree sons and six daughters . The sons were as fol low s

1 h ( ) S ir Joh n Stewart of Cou l , Earl of B uc an . Nat . about

1 80 . V e r n e u i ll1 2 3 Kil led at 4 4 .

2 ( ) A ndrew S tewart .

(3) Robert Stewart .

Y GE N EALOG O F K I NG R OB E RT I . (B R U CE) .

K ing Robert I . (B ruce) , so far as can be defi n itely stated

d e ’ originated with Robert B ru is , one of Wi ll iam the Con q ueror s

1 066 . I fol lowers i n Robert B ruce , h is successor , st Lord of

, I . A n nandale was compan ion in arms to King David , and d ied 1 1 1 , 4 leaving issue two sons Adam B ruce , whose l ineal 22

d w 1 2 1 2 2 n d escent ended ith Peter B ruce 7 ; ( ) Robert B ruce ,

L wh o f ord of A n nandale , le t issue two sons

1 — ( ) Robert B ruce , who married a natu ral daughter of 7 \\ i lli a m . s . . 1 1 1 . the L ion , and Ob it p in 9

2 — \Vi lli a m wh o r d ( ) B ruce , succeeded as 3 Lord of Annan

a n d dale . left as successor t h Robert B ruce , 4 Lord of An nandale , who married Isobel ,

“ t he second daugh ter of David , Earl of H u ntingdonsh ire and

Chester , and brother of Wi ll iam the Lion . I t was from th is m a rriage t h a t Robert I . (B ruce) claimed the th rone of Scotland .

1 2 1 Isobel died 5 , leav ing issue .

t h . 1 2 1 0 . 1 2 Robert B ruce , 5 Lord of A n nandale , Nat I n 5 5 he w a s made S heriff of Cu mberland and Constab le of Carl isle

a Ca s t le . H e w s one of the Regents du ring the minority of King

\ lex a n d e r . 1 2 I I I , and Obit 95 , leaving issue

1 6 t h ( ) Robert B ruce , Earl of Carrick , Lord of An nandale

w h o . . married Margaret , Cou n tess of Carrick Obit

1 3 04 .

( 2 ) U n known . (3) S i r B ernard B ruce of Con ingto n in H u ntingdonsh ire

I 2 n d a nd of Exton , married ( st) Al icia de Clare , ( ) Con

stance de M o d ey n .

(4) Joh n B ruce .

6 — A la si a (5 , , 7) Daugh ters Isabe lla , y , and Ch ristian who h a t . m rried Patrick D u nbar , 7 Earl of March 6 t h S ir Robert B ruce , Lord of An nandale , eldest son and

successor , married Margaret , Cou ntess of Carrick , by whom h e ha d issu e

1 ( ) Robert B ruce , afterwards King Robert I . (B ruce) .

1 1 1 2 . Nat . Ju ly , 74

2 w a ( ) Ed ard B ruce , Earl of Carrick , fterwards King of

u 1 1 8 I I reland , slain at D ndalk 3 , married ( st) Isabel , h daugh ter of Joh n , Earl of Athole , by whom e had issue

so n on e , A lexander , who was killed at Hal idon H ill

1 3 3 3 . Edward B ruce married (2 n d) Isabel Ross about

1 1 Ju n e 3 7 . 23

I K ing Robert I . (B ruce) , married ( st) Isabella , daughter of

d , Donald , tenth Earl of M ar , by whom h e had issu e one ch il 6t h a daughter Marj orie , who married Walter , the Lord H igh 2 n d Steward of Scotland . King Robert married ( ) E lizabeth , daughter of Aymes D e B u rgh , Lord of U lster , by whom he had issue two sons and two daugh ters .

1 . 2 1 ( ) Matilda , obit oth J u ly 3 53 , married Thomas Isaac , who left issue one daughter and heiress , Joan na , who

o r o f married Joh n E ugene , Lord Lorn , who left issue two

- — E r a d i a daughters and co heiresses Isobel de g or Argyle , who

I n n er mea t h married S ir Joh n Stewart of , who was Lord of Lorn

E r a d i a 1 0 . 2 6t h 1 2 1 in 4 7, and ob it Apri l 4 ; and Janet de g or w Argyle , who married h is you nger brother S ir Robert Ste art ,

D u r r i sd ee r . Lord of , ancestor of the Stewarts of Rosyth

2 1 d ( ) Margaret , married 343 Wil l iam , Earl of Su therlan , a n d died before November 1 34 7 .

. r t h 1 2 (3) King David I I , bo n at D u nferm l ine , s M arch 3 4 .

’

I I . s married , firstly , E dward daughter , Joanna ; secondly ,

1 6 i n 3 3 , Margaret Logie , a comely widow , whom h e divorced

1 6 . . s . . 2 2 n d 1 1 . i n 3 9 Ob it p , February 3 7

(4) Joh n , wh o died you ng

King Rob ert I . (B ru ce) also had two illegi timate so n s and — th ree natu ral daugh ters S ir Robert , Nigel of Carrick ,

Margaret , E l izabeth , and Ch ristian of Carrick .

Y W R TH E R O A L STE A RTS O F OSYTH .

A RMS .

The House of Steward appears t o have origi nated with the

-fl a a d Norman A lan F itz , who received property in Sh ropsh ire

from King Henry I .

’ Alan Stewart s second son , Walter (obit . became t h e f first Lord H igh Steward o Scotland i n the re ign of King D a vid

I . m , and gave to h is fam ily the su rna e of Stewart . The Fesse ” ’ Chequ e , embl ematical of th e chequer of the Steward s board , 24

’ a ppears to have been a dopted as the Stewart s coat o f arm s

D . 1 1 00 . a bou t A .

S ir Joh n of B o n k i llsealed with a Fesse Cheq uy su rmou nted b v a bend .

The Stewarts of D u r r i sd eer and Rosyth bore on their

A —O r C rms , a fesse hequy and argent , with i n a bordu re gu les ,

’

. E ln charged with eigh t buckles of the first ( sp e s B lazo ns .)

’

I . H e r a ld r . . (N isbet s v , Vol , p — t w t z The S e ar s of Craigie , now cal led Craighal l Quarterly , fi a n d C a rst fou rth . Or , a fesse heq uy , argent and zu re , in ch ief

B o n ki ll th ree buckles of the second , for Stewart of ; second and

cesce n t s th ird , erm ine on a fesse sabl e , th ree argent , for Craigie or Craig .

TH E R OS YTH FAM I LY .

B o n k i ll B o n cle S ir Joh n S tewart of or , second son of Alex md e r a t h w Stew rt , the 4 Lord H igh Ste ard , married Margaret ,

B n k i ll daughter and heiress of S ir Alexander o . H e was sl a in

2 2 n 1 2 - a t th e Battle of Falkirk d of Ju ly 9 8 99 . S ir Joh n of

B o n k i llw a s e G e r ma n u s designat d Frater Jacobi , and i n the R ’ R agman ol l (Nisbet s H eraldry , Vol . Joh n Le

S e n esca l. H e left issue

1 ( ) S ir A lexander Stewart , created Earl of Angus by King

1 David I I . in 3 3 7 . Th is l ine ended i n a daughter, who carried the t itle Earl o f Angus to the Earls and D u kes of Douglas

2 ( ) S ir Alan Stewart , ancestor of the Earls and D u kes of

Len nox and Stewarts of Darn ley . H e was kil led at

1 . the Battle of Halidon H il l , 333

t he (3) S ir Walter S tewart , ancestor of Earls of Gal loway .

o f P i e r st o n (4) S ir James Stewart , ancestor of the Stewarts

I n n e r mea t h o-f of , and of the Lords of Lorn , Du rris

deer , and of Grandtu l ly , of th e Earls of Athol , of the

d S ha n d b o t h Lor s of y , and of the Lords of Rosyth .

1 (5 ) Joh n Stewart , slain at Hal idon H il l , 333 .

26

1 2 S en esca llo David I I . in 3 6 the fol lowing charter Roberto

S h a n d b o t h et M o d er v i le de y terris de Dalziel de , cu m per t i n e n t i s co mi t a t u o n t i n e n r o eo . I n Vice de Lanark , nos c g p

h a e r ed i s D e lv a ll M i li t i s fid em q uod q uondam Roberti , , contra

t n o st r a m co mmo r a n t u s t e n e n d et e pacem i n Angl ia , habend d i c t i s terris in l iberam b a r o n i a m adeo l ibere sieu t quondam

M a lco lm u s et r a ed i ct u s R o b e r t u m Flem ing , p de Laval l

t e n u e r u n t 2 0 . apud Ed in bu rgh , March , an no regn i nostri 33 S ir Robert Stewart was the ancestor of the Stewarts of t h e F a mi lv of Ros y th i n Fife and Craige Hall in Lin l ithgow sh ire .

a S i r Robert S tew rt got a charter , as shown above , of the

a d l n s of Dalziel , in the sh ire of Lanark , then in the Crown , by

. Th e forfe i t u re of Robert de la Wal l same S ir Robert Stewart ,

S e n esca l S h a n d bo t h 8t h M Robert Dom inus de y , on the arch ,

- 8 t h . 1 6 h t he 3 of King David I I , 3 7 , got a charter of one alf of

B a r o n v o n r esi t he of Redcastle , in the cou nty of Forfar , the g

o f . A t nation S ir Andrew Campbel l , who was of Loudou n

1 8 1 2 . t M ethven , th October 3 7 , Ki ng Robert I I confirmed h is ‘ I n r a mu M i llla n lease by g e s G e to S ir Robert Stewart . H e

I n n e r met h I n n e r mea t h appears first mentioned as of ( ) , as witness t o Tu lli ba r d i n 1 6 2 t o t h e a donation by Walter M u rray of in 3 , A K bbey of Cu l ross ; and in the Parl iament of ing Robert I I . , h eld at Scone . A charter was granted at Perth by King Robert

6t h 1 I I dated April , in the fou rth year of h is reign [ 3 74]

R o b e r t u s &c . S c i a t i s d e d i sse &c Dei gratia rex , nos , dilecto

o o o S e n esca llo I n n e r mu t h consangu i neo nostr R bert de , M il . Om nes et si n g u la s terras b a r o n i ae d e D o r r i sd e r cum p e r t i n e n c i i s

mf u f u r u n t . M n r in fra Vic de D r u . q e e A lex de ey e s de R ed eh ell

R edd i d i t e t R e t quas idem Alex . nob is su rsu m esig n a v i t

. et . b a r o n i a m 81 0 Ten Hab in u nam l iberam , .

1 8 1 88 H e died between the years 3 4 and 3 , leaving issue two so n s a n d on e daughter

I n n r m h ( 1 ) S i r Joh n Stewart of Lorn and Baron of e ea t .

2 R t d D u r r i sd ee r r ( ) S i r ober Stewart , Lor of , and ancesto

of the Stewarts of Rosyth . 27

(3) Catherine or E l izabeth , a daughter of I nvermay , who is said to have married Joh n B et o u n or B ethu ne of

B alfou r .

Th e eldest son , S ir Joh n Stewart , succeeded to the Barony

’ ’

I n n e r mea t h o . . of , and (by the Ragman s R ll , Vol I I of N isbet s

1 6 o C r a i H eraldry) in 3 7 , J an nes de g y , Dom inus ej usdem , is made mention of in the chartu lary of St Giles . H e got the

Lands and Barony of B raidwood in Lanarksh ire , by h is marriage

M o n f o d e with Margaret , daugh ter and h eiress of S ir Joh n de ,

[ who had the lands erected in to a baro ny by King Robert I .

o on e by wh m he had on ly daughter , Margaret , cal led

C r a i C r a i Dom ina de g y , he iress of g y and B raidwood , who i n

1 8 r . 3 7 married S ir Joh n Stewa t , whom King Robert I I calls

e consangu ineous , a you ng r son of S ir Robert Stewart of

D u r r i sd ee r h t o m and ancestor of the Stewarts of Rosyt , who

C r a i i eh a ll came the Stewarts of g , who sold these estates in King ’ T ’ . a i Charles I s time . hey quartered the C r g y and Stewarts

Arms Th is S ir Joh n Stewart married Isobel , daughter and co - E r a d i a heiress of E ugene de g or Joh n of Argyle , Lord of

Lorn . Th is fam ily were the descendants of the Lords of Lorn

a n d & c . Earls of Athol , H e left issu e fou r sons and three daugh ters

1 r h ( ) Robert Stewart , Lo d of Lorn , married Jo an na , I daughter of Robert , st D u ke of Albany , by whom

$ -r n h e had issue Joh n , Lord of Lo , h is suc

2 I I n n cessor ; ( ) Walter Stewart , st Lord of er mea t h

6t h 1 1 whose charter as such was dated May 47 .

2 ( ) Arch ibald Stewart .

(3) S ir James Stewart , The B lack Kn igh t of Lorn , who

married the Queen D owager , Joan na B eaufort .

(4) A lexander Stewart .

(5) Ch ristian Stewart .

(6) Isabel Stewart . $ I n n er mea t h (7) Jean Stewart of and Lorn , who married i n

1 1 I Vt h o f 4 5 , S i r David B ruce , the Baron Clack

mannan , from whom descended the B ru ces of Clack

S ee Pa e g 4 0 . 28

man nan , The Earls of E lgin , and The Lords of

Kincardine .

S i r Robert Stewart of D u r r i sd ee r (second son of S ir

S ha n d b o t h Robert Stewart , Lord of y ) , received a Charter from h i s I n n e r mea t h o f brother , S i r Joh n Stewart of , of an an nu ity

20 o D u r r i sd ee r { sterl ing , payable ou t of the Bar ny of , wh ich is h . 2 0 t confirmed u nder the Great Seal of K ing Robert I I , the

t h e 1 April , i n 5 th year of h is reign , and later the same S ir

D u r r i sd eer t o f Robert Stewart , of , had a char er the lands of D u r r i sd ee r on the resignation of S ir Joh n Stewart of I nner ” S en esch a llo meath , h is broth er , Roberto Frati Suo Germano , a h ea r i n g date April 1 3 8 8 . H e ppears to have married Janet de

- E r a d i a co . S i r g , daugh ter and heiress of Joh n , Lord of Lorn “ ” - e . V . . 1 1 08 James Balfou r Pau l , in Scots Peerag , Vol , pp 3 , 9 ,

( C I n n r m h states of S ir Joh n of e ea t . He exchanged w ith h is brother Robert th e lands of D u r r i sd eer for the Lordsh ip of Lorn , to wh ich th e latter succeeded th rough h is wife , Janet

E r d 1 0 . de g a i a . H e (S i r Joh n) is designed Lord of Lorn i n 4 7 Douglas and the older writers state that h is wife was Is o bel de

E r a d i a co - o f o g , daughter and heiress E ugene , or J h n , Lord of

Lorn . Th is has been doubted by M r S inclair and S ir Joseph

’ Bai n . B u t they do not seem to have noticed that h is wife s name w a s 2 r st 1 certain ly Isobel , and that she died December 439 , and

so n d i s en that h er James , th e B lack Knight of Lorn , needed a p sation to marry the Queen D owager Joan na B eaufort , being w ith in [certain pro h ibited] d egree s of co n sangu in ity an d affi n ity relationsh ips wh ich can be reconciled

r w ith the statement of Douglas , as the wife of Joh n , Lo d of

o m Ysa k L rn , was Joan na , daugh ter of Tho as De and Matilda ,

d n augh ter of K i g Robert I . (B ruce) .

o Joh n Stewart , Kn igh t , L rd of Lorn , kinsman of Robert ,

o D uke of Albany , and Isabella , h is wife , obtained fr m B enedict

a r d X . 0 o I I I , an tip pe , a dispensation , dated at Pen isc la 3

1 1 8 December 4 , for a plenary indu lgence at the hou r of death , for

' a n d . H e d i ed l icence to choose a confessor , for a portable altar 2 6t h Ap r il 29

R D r mla n r i D l . . u o u a ses . 6 C T amage , i n g and the g , p 9 ,

n lo t h states that there is an obl igatio stil l extant , dated

1 0 o f November 39 , at B ruges , by Wil liam de Douglas , Lord

a N ithsdale , Robert Stewart , Lord of Du risdeer , Wil l iam Dougl s

S t r a t hb r o ck S t r a t h b r o ck of , an d James Douglas of , to pay to

P r est o u n P a lle b u r 2 6 Lau rence of and David y g , of Edinbu rgh , £ ,

5 . d . n 3 4 sterl i g , for money len t i n their necessities i n the tou n

h w a s of B ruges . Th is Wi l l iam , Lord of Nit sdale , cal led

‘ ’ o the B lack D uglas , from the swarthy nature of h is com

‘ ’ plexion . He was the natu ral son of Arch ibald the Grim ,

a n d . th e fi rst Lord of Nithsdale , being of enormous strength He obtained i n marriage Egidia , daugh ter of King Robert I I . , th e

h er fairest woman of h er age , getti ng with N ithsdale as h er

d . D u r r i sd ee r owry S ir Robert Stewart , of , j oined with him i n an expedition into I reland to pu n ish some marauding attacks of

. t o C a r i n f o r d th e I rish Th ey laid siege g , took it , and retu rned

. G od sc r o f t . I . . home with great spoil (H u me of , Vol , p

1 88 Wh en a truce was made , after the battle of Otterbu rn , 3 ,

a n d between E ngland Scotland , disl iking a l ife of inactivity . Douglas j oined the Teu ton ic Kn ights of P russia against the pagan natives of their cou ntry , and it was no dou bt on h is way

b of D u r r i sd ee r m th ither that he and Ro ert Stewart , h is co pan ion in arms , borrowed th e money at B ruges to rel ieve th em of their

d f . o i ficu l ties Of the Stewarts we hear noth ing m re , bu t Wil l iam

s de D ouglas d i tingu ished h imself , was made Adm iral of th e

D n z i a c . P russ ian Fleet , D u ke of P russia , and P rince of He

e o f D a n z i c was mu rd red by a band of assassins on the B ridge , i n

r f the pay of Lo d Cl i ford , an E ngl ishman , with wh om he had had a quarrel .

D r u mla n r i z — From the g Charters Robert Stewart ,

D u r r i sd e e r Lord of , granted a charter to h is kinsman , James de

a t h e b d a la D l rympl e , of Lands resigned to h is use v Hugh e W y s

. I n li st o u n A n n i st o u n (Wallace fam ily) , viz , those of g and , l y ing

D u r r i sd e r e 2 0 t h 1 8 . i n th e Barony of , dated Apri l 39

N O E —D o la d e S k o T . u g s t ( t h e S c o t ) fo und e d t h e mint o f B ru g e s in t h e 1 4 t h e u w b e a me o f mme s e m o C n t ry , hi ch c i n i p r t a nc e a n d manufa cture d t h e C o i n ag e f o r a ll t h e Lo w o e C untri s . H i s d e s c e ndant s st ill b ea r t he B leeding Heart o f t he D o u ls Fa mil i n h e i oa o f a s g a y t r c t rm . 3 0

t w a s H o mi ld o n 1 0 1 S i r Robert S ewart taken prisoner at in 4 , a n d a t S h r e w sb u r v 1 0 fel l 4 9 , lea vi n g issu er

l. a . D u r r i sd ee r S i r David Stew rt Lord of , fi rst Stewart of R s h o v t .

( 2 ) A Stewart , who received from rch ibald , Earl of

Douglas , a charter of the Barony of K incard ine in

1 1 , 43 wh ich , fai l ing male hei rs , was to pass t o David

D u r r i s r Stewart , of d ee .

w w h o (3) E l izabeth Ste art , married M ichael son and heir

of S ir Andrew M ercer . ( ) 4 Isobel who married S i r Robert B ruce , the

th ird Baron of Clackman nan , from whom were

descended the B ruces of Clackman nan , the Earls o f

n E lgin , the Lords of K incardi e , and the B ruces of

E a r lsh a ll o f , and Lords A irth .

(5 ) A daughter , who married S ir Wil l iam Douglas of D ru m

la n i r g .

D r u mla n r i D l o u a ses . . 1 8 6 g and the g , by C T Ramage , 7 ,

u page 3 7 , states S ir Wi ll iam de Do glas , the fi rst Baro n of

D r ml n i u a r I . g , K n ighted at the Coronation of King James , and

1 2 said to have lost h is l ife at the Battle of Agincou rt in 4 7 ,

D u r i married E l izabeth , daughter of S ir Robert Stewart . of r sd ee r a n d R o sv t h b y , whom he had at least one son , who succeeded ” w i s o f a n d h im , from hom descended the D uke B uccleuch

O u e e n sb e r r y — — , the presen t Montagu Douglas Scott family .

- I . S ir David Stewart received a charter of the Lord sh i p of

D u r r i sd ee r 1 1 r 1 t h 1 2 h i n 43 , and a charter , dated May 4 3 , i n wh ic

o L u ch e ld h e had received the L rdsh ip of , in Fife , from S ir h f Will iam L indsay of R ossy . I n Perthsh ire he held t e lands o ‘

( B u ch o n d v La i d r ee n La d e r ev en . rob , , and g ( g ) H e was

n kn igh t ed at the coronation of Ki g James I . B y charter , dated

1 2 i 7 t h October 4 5 , at Perth , from the Kin g , h e rece ived the lands f P i o t r ea v i e . H e resigned certain lands , by charter dated at

n 2 t h 1 2 8 l ve rn ess , 4 August 4 , and appears to have received the

B y h i s u aron of Rosyt . H e probabl y the genero s and upright ” R o ssi ssi kn igh t , Si r David Stewart of , at wh ose request Wal ter

e a e S e P g 39 . 3 1

’ “l F o r d u n s B ower , the conti nuator of Ch ron icle , wrote the ’ n vel lu m manuscript preserved in the Advocates L ibrary , Ed i

- t h 1 0 . 1 6 bu rgh , and dated 7 November 44 I n 43 3 7 Kin g

o f James I . confirmed the charter S ir David Stewart of Rosyth ,

V r law P i t r ea v i e t h e to H en ry V a d , of the lands of and th ird part

C r a G e r o t of the lands of Fordel . S ir Dav id also held g y p ,

li sh . Wester C e , i n F ife, and Kershaw i n Clackman nan He d 1 : ied i n 444 , leaving issue

lI . . H en ry Stewart who succeeded $ 2 w h o V f b ( ) E l izabeth Stewart , married J oh n B ruce , th e

Baron of Clackman nan , from whom were descended

the B ruces of Clackman nan , the Earls of E lgin , and

th e Lords o f K incardine . I t may be that she married ,

’ a 2 6t h 1 secondly , after her h usband s de th , March 473 ,

- m h 1 0 2 . Hen ry A d u t y . She died before 5 3 — I I . H en ry Stewart of Rosyth was served heir to S ir David

t o f S h a n d b o t h S ewart h is father , i n the B arony y , in Clack

r o t h 1 mannan , April 445 , by a brief from S ir James Ham i lton of

E u h a me Cadzow and p , Cou ntess of Douglas and Lady B oth well h is wife , to Andrew Garrick , const itu ted Bail l ie of B othwell f to that e fect .

D ml i la r u a n r D o u ses . . g and the g , by C T Ramag e , page

1 n b 9 , states Joh M enzies of E noch had a grant y Stewart of

D u r r i sd ee r Rosyth , the descendan ts of S ir James Stewart of , of

a 1 t h the lands of Upper D lveen , i n the Lordsh ip of D u risdeer , 5 J u ly

o M a r i o t e Hen ry Stewart of Rosyth , married M ari n or B t h Ogilvy , daughter of S i r Joh n Ogi lvy . y a charter , dated 5 a 1 8 - J nuary 45 9 , Marj orie is th e wife of H enry Stewart of Rosyth bu t her last name is not stated H er grandson , David Stewart o f f or Rosyth , had masses said H en ry Stewart an d Margaret h w Ogilvy , h is grandfather and grandmot er . Hen ry Ste art left issue lI I . S ir David Stewart of Ros y th h is successor .

2 y ( ) Wil liam Stewart , Lord of B rier H i ll , afterwards of

Rosyth .

S e Pa e 1 e g 4 . : u C W

i f a S t ew a r t (3 ) Ch risti n , who married Edwa rd B ruce of

a 1 2 Kin n rd and Hal ls of A irth in 49 . They were in 1 5 0 2 -3 executors and trustees on the estate of her late

b rother David , for Dame Marion H erries , L a dy

Rosyth . The other heirs were Stewart of Dudding

S A d m t h stone and Janet h is pouse , and H enry u y U m ll spouse of q E l izabeth Stewart of Rosyth .

I I I . S ir David Stewart of R o sv t h received from King

. r James I I , at the resignation of Thomas B radmo e , dated Stirl in g

1 8 . n 45 a charter of the lands of Easter Ke net in Clackman na n . s H e married Marion H errie , daugh ter of Joh n H erries of

T e r r ea les 1 g , and d ied before 49 7 . “ The Exch equ er Rol ls show certain grants made to

, w 1 1 60 David S te art in 459 and 4 , i n wh ich he is spoken of as

e R o ssi t h l David St wart de , a nd the fol ow ing entries are “ ” ext racted from The Accou nts of the Lord H igh Treasurer , l4 73 -4 I tem co mp o n i t in F a u cla n d with Wil l iame B rown ie for the marriage of ane

S i t t a le t e n n a n d R i p of o ss t h .

x x v . x i i i i jfi j s j d .

x O ct o b r i s a ssa n d Item , to ane p to

R o ssi t h t with the Ki ngis lettres .

x vj d .

1 S ir David Stewart was a Baron i n the Parl iament of 46 7 .

Dame Marion H erries , Lady Rosyth , mar r ied (as h is second

1 e V I t h n wife) , before 49 7 , S ir David B ruc , Baron of Clackmanna , w d from hom were escended the B ruces of Clackman nan , th e f Earl of E lgin and the Lords o Kincardine . S ir David Stewart left issue by h is wife Marion Herries

I V . David Stewart of Rosyth , h is successor .

ale 2 ( ) Janet Stewart, who married S ir Alexander B ruce of

E a r lsh a ll 1 88 - 1 B irgham , who bough t between 4 495 , and was mother o f the famous S ir Wil l iam B ruce

E a r lsh a ll . 1 86 . who bu i lt (Nat 4 , Obit whose

remains l ie bu ried in Leuchars or E a r lsha llKirk .

e e 0 S ee P e 1 . 1 S e Pag 4 . ag 4

3 4

— g e r r o u r z n bein convict of Robert Douglas of Loch leve ,

L i n d esa v D o w h i ll Li n J oh n of th e , and David d esay of th e

M o w n h t .

C . T . D r u mla n r i t h D l e o u a se . Ramage in g and g s, pp 8 86 5 . . s tates there is a grant made by Stewart of Rosyth to H ugh Douglas of Half-pennyland ( Ha p la n d) on the 6t h August

. 6t h There is a charter of James I V , dated E dinbu rgh , May

1 1 . fili o 5 3 Rex concessit Dav Stewart , Gu l . Stewart de

h D u r i r R si t sd e e . D mf o s r u . . terras baron ie de , i nfra Vic do , que

f n u e r u t d i ct i . . R o ssi t h . q u idem terre Gu l u n ite bar de , Vic ” o -f Perth . H ere we find that the two baron ies Rosyth and

D u risdeer had been u n ited . The fol lowing year they seem to

w e e V . be d isu n ited , as find th e fol lowing chart r of James , in

1 1 1 t he first year of h is reign , dated Ju ly 4th , at Edinbu rgh ( 5 4) Rex cu m consensu matris su ae Regin ae concessit Hen rico

R o si t h & . fil. . s c Stewart Dav Stewart de , Terras e t ”

B a r o n i a m D u r r i sd e r e &c . de ,

— o f o o f e V . Wil l iam Stewart ( R syth and B riery H il l l ft issue

. V I . David Stewart of Rosyth h is successor

2 1 0 ( ) Wil l iam Stewart , who i n 5 9 became Lord of B riery

H il l .

so n w (3) A or grandson , Adam Ste art , whose daughter

d a u h t e r a n d H elen S tewart , g heiress of Adam ” Stewart of B riery H il l , married David Lu ndie in 1 5 39

o f 1 1 . V I . David Stewart Rosyth succeeded h is father i n 5 4

o f . He married Ch ristian , daughter of Lord E rskine , Earl Mar

H e w a s Lord of S h a n d b o t hy and of C r a i g h t o n i n Clackman nan ; charter of confirmation by James I V . B y h is wife Ch ristian — n k Vi d a E rskin e , h e left issue two so s , Hen ry and Patric

2 Charter 1 3 th April 1 54 .

VI I . Hen ry Stewart of Rosyth , who is said to have su c

i s ceed ed in 1 5 2 0 . H e designated Hen ry Stewart of Rosy th in

1 2 0 1 2 1 0 1 . r r e charters dated 5 , 54 , 55 , and 555 He ma ied befor 3 5

1 1 6 a o th e 1 2 th August 5 h is cousin Marg ret D uglas , daugh ter

1 6 of S ir Robert Douglas of Loch leven , and d ied abou t 5 5 , leaving issue two sons

VI I I . S ir Robert Stewart of Rosyth , who succeeded

1 6 in 1 5 56 or thereabout . I n 5 7 he signed a charter mention ing

‘ the castle and lands of Rosyth . H e was a baron i n Parl iament

1 60 b v o 6th 1 0 i n 5 , and married c ntract , dated September 5 5 ,

E u h a me o f T u llib a r d i n e . p , seventh ch ild of S ir Will iam M u rray

She was stil l Lady Rosyth in 1 5 76 . “ l D r u mla n r i t h e D o u a ses . . g an d g , by C T Ramage , page 86 Stewart of Rosyth , as superior , granted seisi n to

o f o f Will iam , son and heir H ugh Douglas of Dalveen , the lands

G a t esla ck H a la n d E n t e r k i of Upper and Neth er Dalveen , , p , n e

mer k la n d M u i r h o u se 1 foot M il l , and the of , dated 3 th March

1 567 .

d . 6 I bi . pp 7 , 77 There is a precept of Clare Constat and se isin of the ab o ve

o f lands , gran ted by Stewart Rosyth to M u ngo Napier , brother a n d o f M e r ch i st ou n 2 0 t h h eir of Alexan der , the you nger , Apri l

’ 1 t h e 5 73 , and also M u ngo s resignation of lands to Stewart of

R u C o sh o l osyth , with a seisin in favo r of Robert Douglas of g e

a n d o n st o u n 1 8 1 . h is wife N icholas J , th Ju ly 5 73 I t was i n th is

C o- way these lands at last became part of shogle property . S ir Robert died b e fo re 1 58 2 (probably leavi ng issue two sons .

2 e 1 ( ) Hen ry Stewart men tion d i n 5 73 . ”

o . 2 2 Fr m the D iu rnal of Occu rrences , p 9 “ . 1 2 t h Upon the xv day of April , 5 7 , e su d d a r t i s of the

o v i r w a t t i r B lackness past the i n ane bott , and sp o u lz e i t the tou ns

co i st s i d h o u ssi s R si t h u h a on the y , and als wan the of y , q i r i n ” r i t ch es u thai gat greit and came witho t h u rt to B lackness .

X w h o I . George Stewart , succeeded h is father i n the Barony

1 of Rosyth . I n 5 77 , comp laint was made against th e you ng Laird of Rosy th (George Stewart) for bu rying

h is (father) U mq u i llLaird of Rosyth with i n t he

Abbey of D u nferml in e . X . I I e n r v a w h o Stew rt . married Margaret L indsay . and h i succeeded s brother . — I K ~ . w t h George Ste art of Rosyth married (by register) , 9

M a y 1 6 M a k i ll M a k i ll 5 7 . to Rachel g , daughter of g , Viscou n t of O x f u i r d (Parl iament passed a special Act al lowing h er to keep

R sy a o th lthough h er second h usband , Arch ibald Wauchope ,

h i s had forfeited propert y ) . She stil l held Rosyth with her th ird

1 60 1 . 1 8 husband i n George Stewart died 5 7 , leaving no issue . — X . y w h o b Hen r Stewart . succeeded h is rother , George

D v h ll o f o i . Stewart . married Margaret Li ndsay , daugh ter e He obtained a special Act of Parl iament i n 1 58 7 for the E ntail ” of estate to h imself and ch ildren .

A CT O F ARLI AM EN A . D . 1 8 P T , 5 7 .

Ou re S o v e r a n e Lord now efter h is p e r fit e a i g e of x x j

z e i r i s co m li t h h r i t a i t t i n p e t wt . advise of e t e es s of h is p t parl iam e n t having co n si d e r a t i o u n of ye a n n x i e t i e of ye b o u s of R o ssy t h and of v e gude service done to h is maties pre d i cessso u r i s be ye h e r e t a b le p r o p r i et a i r i s o f ye sam i n and

v e e t me vet sam in sal l not pas fra ye su rnam in h is maties y , 8 c R a t i fies and a p p r o v i s al l and q u h a t su mev er i n f ef t me n t i s of tailzie gevin be v mq le david stewart of r o ssy t h t o v mo le w il l iam stewart of b a r o y h i ll h is a i r i s mai l l a n d

assignais of al l and hail ye baro n ie and man is of r o ssy t h wt . y e tou re fortal ice m il n e fisch e i n g i s d o w ca t t i s a n n ex i s co n ex i s ” i a i r f p a i r t s pendicles and p t i n e n t i s y o .

r The Land of Craigie g a r t p o .

r n Th rid pt lands of fordel l cu lb a t e a n d st r a b u e .

The lands of leu ch e ld p i t r a v ey wester c li esch e d u n d u ff

o l l c st o u n b a n a mv i lland mo n ct o y .

The lands a n d baro n ie of du risdeer .

Th e lands of oorb ies b a cq u h a n d i es la i t g r e n e and y e p e r t i n e n t i s li a n d with i n ye S h r efd o me o f Perth al l vn it and a n n ex t in an e baron ie ca lli t v e baron ie o f R o ssy t h and als of

h a i ll al l and , 3 7

Y e lands and baro n ie of sch a mb o d i e ly a n d with in ye

S h r fd m C la kma n n a e o e c &c . &c . of , ,

He left issue th ree sons , to whom he tai lzied h is estate ; and , fail ing them , to Patrick Stewart of B aith and h is heirs male ;

whom fail ing , to Wal ter Stewart of Cardonald , Lord Privy Seal ,

a n d . 1 60 h is hei rs male H e died circa 7 , leaving issue th ree sons X I . James Stewart who su cceeded .

(2 ) H en ry Stewart .

(3) Joh n Stewart . — X I . 1 60 James Stewart succeeded h is fath er in 7 , but prob a n 1 6 2 2 bly did not take possessio u ntil , the date of Rachel

’ M a kg i lls death ’ ‘ ’

N 0 t e . Peter Chalmers H istory of D u nferm l ine ,

. 1 8 0 Vol . I I . , p 394 , states that the charters i n 5 show a

1 James Stewart in possession . I n 603 a second James

i n 1 6 1 1 6 S tewart possession , and again from 4 to 33 a th ird

James Stewart i n possession of Rosyth .

I 1 60 8 H is ban ns were pub l ished st January , and shortly a fter th is date he married Margaret , the daughter of Joh n Napier ”

r h i st o u n . of M e c , the I nventor of Logarith ms Th is James and h is wife Marg aret were the own e rs of Rosyth when the long eastern and western windows were bu ilt into the Castle o f

1 6 1 R osyth . H e died in 4 , leaving issue th ree sons and two daugh ters , see below .

I 1 608 Margaret was mentioned as h is wife , st January , and

h 1 1 h a d a charter dated 7t December 6 3 . The records of 1 6 2 1 note three Commissions to James

R o ss t h t T 1 Stewart of y , and o hers to hold Cou rts with i n th e O

. . t o m booth of I nverkeith ing , etc , etc , try th ree wo en suspected

c r mes so r ce r i e ch a r me i n gu ilty of the detestab le y of w itchcraft , , g ” i n ch a n t me n t i s u t h er i s d ev i li sh e cr mes r a t i z and and y and p c es . — I I wh o . X I . ( ) James Stewart , succeeded

(2 ) A rch ibald Stewart .

(3) A lexande r Stewart .

(4 a n d 5) Two daugh ters . X I I . 1 1 t h James Stewart was served heir to h is father , May

1 1 . I 64 H e married ( st) Mary I n nes , by whom he had one t daughte r . G rizel S ewart . who married George H utcheson of

m 2 n d l S co t st o t . H e married ( y) Margaret , daughter of S ir Joh n

B b v w uchanan . hom he had two sons , who succeeded h im i n

w a . o t u rn J ames Ste rt of Rosyth was l yal to Charles I . and I I . B v a w arrant u nder the hand of Lord Balcarres for double t quar ering on his lands for h is professed mal ign ity , h is house

’ ’ w a s possessed for th e K ing s use b v H is Maj esty s troops before

P i t r ea v i e I nve rkeith ing Field (Battle of ) , and was thereafter

a n d d ba t tered su rrendered , garrisone and plu ndered by the

y — E ngl ish A rm h imself oppressed and harassed , and h is estates sequ estered and plu ndered ; but all these th ings ne v er altered h i s convictions . He won for h imself the title of Obsti nate .

H e w a s again retu rned owner in September 1 675 . ” D ml i D u la s r u a n r o se . . I n g and the g , by C T Ramage ,

1 e r so n es page 5 . a S ir James Stewart is included in A l ist of p

r n r v. ho are to be p e se u e d b v the Earle of Q u ee sb e i e and my L o rd d r u mla n r ig before th e parl iamen t fo r b esi g i n g and fy r i n g the

d r u m la n r i d i st r o - house of g , waisting and ying the Lands of the h a i lltenements belonging to the saids nob le Earle and Lord in a o r n i s o way taken ther c cattel l and ther plen ish ing i n An no , ”

1 6 0 b . 5 . in the moneth of Octo er

D u r r i sd ee r appears to h a ve passed out o f the hands o f the

w s s 1 6 e Ste art of R o y th fi nal ly in 75 , when it became the prop rty

1 8 o f th e Earl of Queensberry . The Valuation Rolls for 73 give

t h e a s 2 8 1 . 0d . value of th e property J£9 , 5 , 5 s

N o t e —D u r r i sd ee r e r - , in Ga l ic Do is darach , l iteral ly ” n - mean ing at the door or open i g of the oak wood , com

o f o f prises a parish acres , with a pop u lation about

1 00 u 1 5 souls , i n D umfriessh ire , situated abo t 5 m iles north

W . a . of Du mfries not far from th e G . S . Rai lw y The

n a me i s g e n e r a llv spelt D u risdeer .

N H L o f s w h o James Stewart Ro yth , succeeded h is

a e ma r f t h r , ried Marion Maxwel l , daughter of S ir George ’ l O \ I a ll I o lo c b . . c of , 3 9

— l X I V . W r a i l iam Stewa t , second son of James Stew rt , succeeded to th e Barony of Rosyth on t h e d eath of h is

brother . H e made a fran k disposition of h is estate to h is friend

I n n er ma David D rummond of y , and died at Rosyth without

A . D . 1 6 . e issue or h eirs , 94 Th re appears to have been a th ird

1 6 o broth er , A rch ibald Stewart , l iving i n 93 , menti ned i n the

n m i utes of Parl iamen t for that year , bu t of h im noth ing fu rther is

known . I n 1 705 David D ru mmon d sold Ros y th Castle and lands

o I e to Arch ibald P rim r se , st Earl of Roseb ry , and the property

a was eventual ly cqu ired by the Hopetou n Fam ily , whose

presen t representative is th e Marqu is of L in l ithgow . Laing ” - 1 6 1 B o x 2 . Charters , No . 5 , 4 , E dinbu rg h U n iversit y L ibrary )

1 0 n I n th e month of March 9 3 , M r Balfou r a nou nced in the House of Commons that the Govern men t had determ ined on

’ th e north of th e Forth at St Margaret s H ope as a Naval B ase . As the B ruce Fam ily were so closely con nected with the

s t he S tewarts of Ro yth , it is of interest to give a few details of

ancestors of the present Fam ily of E lgin .

B R U CE O F CLACKMAN NA N .

I — . Thomas de B ru is of Clackman nan , the earl iest person

n on record to be mentioned i n con nectio with Clackman nan ,

w h o o o n l eft a widow , had a pr vision the estate of Clackman nan , ” 1 8 - a t ierce , and thus the charter from K ing David I I . , 3 5 59 , was a charter o f con firmation . Th is Thomas was an associate t h of Robert , the 7 Lord H igh Steward , afterwards King Robert

1 8 I I . , and ob it . 34 , leaving issu e — I I . Robert B ruce of Clackman nan , h is successor , nat .

1 8 before 34 , received a Crown charter of th e lands and barony

1 1 6 of Clackman nan dated 3 5 9 , also of Ken net dated 3 5 , also of

R 1 ait in Perthsh ire dated 369 . Each of these charters was from King David I I . , and i n each he is designated D i lec t u s ” C o n sa n u i n eu s t g Nos er . H e left issue — . o f I I I S ir Robert B ruce (h is successor) Clackman nan , who 1 8 I K succeeded before 3 9 , and married so b elfi daugh ter of S ir

S ee P e ag 30 . 4 0

o w a D u r r i sd e er I n n e r mea t h R bert Ste rt of and , who fel l at

w y 1 S h re sbu r in 409 . H e has been spoken of as S ir Robert

G e r ma n v st o n a n d a B ruce of . is s id to have married a daughte r m . S c r i eo u r D u d h o e of S i r J g of p , bu t proof of th is marriage can not be fou nd . H e received a charter of Rait in Perthsh ire d 1 a n d h a t ed 3 9 3 . a charter of Clackman nan from t e King dated

2 t h 1 n a n 4 October 3 9 4 . I n both charters he is styled C o s ” a h i s so n gu ine s . and David , h is successor , is also so termed i n t h e second charter . H e had a y o u nger bro th er who was

h . w o 1 . B ishop of D u n keld , died i n 447 S ir Robert B ruce ob it

1 0 t w o l o n e . 4 5 . leaving issue awfu l sons and illegitimate son — S ir David B ruce of Clackman nan , the elder lawfu l

1 1 S t ew a r t son . married i n 4 5 J ean fi daughter (seventh ch ild) of

D u r r i sd eer I n n e r mea t h S ir J oh n Stewart , Lord of Lorn , , and b co - y Isobel , daughter a nd he iress of Joh n , Lord of Lorn , who had married th e daughter and h e iress of Thomas Isaac an d

Matilda . elder daughter of King Robert I . (B ruce) . From th is

marriage the B ruces of Clackman nan , the Lords of Kincardine

E a r lsha ll . t he B ruces of , and the Earls of E lgin were descended

s n S i r Alexander B ruce , the eco d lawfu l son of S ir Robert

r d B ruce , the 3 Baron of Clackman nan , known as S ir Alexander

S t en h o u s B ruce of and A irth , married one of the th ree

daughters of S ir Wil l iam A irth , and had issue two sons

1 L 1v 1n st o n ( ) S ir Robert B ruce of A irth married Janet g ,

1 1 whose father died i n 45 , from whom were descended

ev en t n u a ll . the B ruces of A irth , and y of Earls of A irth S ir Robert B ruce of A irth appears to have left

s e issue , two ons , as shown by a stat men t by the

1 0 2 you nger brother E dward B ruce i n 5 , when sign ing

for h is brother S ir Alexander B ruce of A irth , They

were the sons of S ir Alexander B ruce of A irth , by

r o f Janet , daugh ter of S ir M alcolm Forreste Tor ” woodhead . Th is Edward B ruce of Kin naird ‘“ married C h r i st i a n fi daugh ter of H en ry Stewart of

lo t h 1 Rosyth (who was served heir April 445 , and

a m rried Marion Ogilvy 1 45 8 i n 1 49 2 . Edward

S e e P a e 2 . S e e P a e 2 I g 7 g 3 .

4 2?

t h e w . r d t h Earls of E lgin ere descended The 3 , the 4 , and t h e 5 i h Barons of Clackm a n nan each married Stewarts of the House

R o sv t h v e r v y t of or closel related o that noble house . Th e

a s w E a r lsh a ll B ruces of A irth , el l as the B ruces of , both sought

a y p rt ners from the sam e fam il .

I I Y D R O G R A P H I C A L NOTES ON TH E D ISTR I CT .

“ From the shore of Stirl ing (the port of the town) to

Q - ueensfe rr y the length of navigat ion is abou t 2 55 ; A l loa to

I r a n e mo u t h g , 5 ; Grangemouth to the mouth of the Queens f e r r v 1 0 . h i . m iles At Queensferry t e width of the Forth s c b v ontracted the proj ection of th e headland from the north , w h ich shelters the deep anchorage of St Margaret ’ s Hope Wi th in t h e same .

From Grangemou th to Long Craig , B eacon , at North

Q o f 1 0 ueensferry . a distance nau tical m iles , proceeding down w i n e m I O 1 ards , the depth increases the first m il fro to 5 feet , and

2 t h e o f t h e in the second m ile to 5 feet at time low water , and at

t h e th ird m i le to 5 3 feet , wh ile remain ing part of the distance,

’

. h viz , of seven m iles , including S t Margaret s Hope , has a dept general ly of abou t 60 fee t at low water . The lower seven m iles

e of th is sea reach is so deep and amp l , and so centrical ly situated

e a to Scotland , as to constitut it a fit place for Naval and Mer a n t i l c e port .

B esides form ing the passage to Grangemouth , Charl es

’ town , B o ness , Al loa , Stirl ing , and other harbou rs of the Forth , Quee n sferry i s the entrance t o the important anchorage of St

’ f o o Margaret s Hope , wh ich , with the excepti n Cromarty Firth ma y be said to be the on ly harbou r of refuge on th e East Coast

a n d of Scotland , simply requ ires l igh ts and beacons to be avail

a a s d a y . b le su ch , by n igh t as wel l as by Th is passage , there fore , i n addition to th e sh ipping wh ich regu larly trade to the

1 8 6 harbou rs of the Forth , amou nting in 4 to vessels , tons (including the transit trade by t h e Forth and Clyde f Canal) is often crowded by leets of vessels , either making for

’ ” or leaving St Margaret s Hop e . B etween the H umber and the F irth of Cromarty there is n o other harbou r or sh eltered anchorage into wh ich large sh ips

o of war can safely ru n i n to shelter or rendezvous , ther than the

Fi rth of Forth , and more particu larly i n th e reach above Queens ferry , where the shelter is complete . B ut as the F irth of

r s Cromarty is away from any impo tan t in tere ts , th e Firth of Forth must be con sidered t h e on ly War Port north o f the ”

r . Hu mber , and th erefo e a most fitting place for a Naval Arsenal “ N R . L ieu tenant Cudl ip , . , who has made an excel lent su rvey and chart o f t h e Forth and Queensferry to Stirling -d B ridge , has state that on some occasions h e has cou nted as many as th ree h u ndred vessels at St Margaret ’ s Hope either taking

r shelter or windbou nd , and that it is the most important harbou ” - - for M en o f War on the east coast of Great B ritain . (See Adm iral ty Rep o rt and Q ueensferry Passage I mprove

1 8 8 m ment B il l of 4 , and Lords Co m issioners Adm iralty Report

1 1 on Glasgow Waterworks B i ll . Prel im inaries Act , 4 and 5

Vic . Cap .

OL I VE R CR OM WE L L , L O R D P ROTE CTOR .

Several h istorians hav e stated that Ol iver Cromwel l stayed a

e n ight at Rosyth Castl , presu mably because h is moth er was a I t Stewart . is with i n th e bou nds of probabil ity that h e did

o s j ou rn at the Castle , after it had fal len to h is arms , and it is also

t o f e true that h is mo her was a Stewart , but ntirely another branch so far as has been ascertained . Ol iver Cromwel l was by direct male l ine descended from the Welsh Kings . H e appears to be a B ledd n B led h n B let h i n o f direct descendant of y or y ( ) , (son

Cynfyn , K ing of Powys) , who was King of Powys , and by m W A . D . 1 06 . Usu rpation , of both North and South ales , 3 Fro

B led d n t o 1 0 y the direct male descent can be carried abou t 54 , when S ir R ichard Wi l l iams assu med the name of Cromwel l at y t he desire of K ing H en r VI I I . H e was Sheriff of Cambridge

. a n d 1 1 M P . 1 2 sh ire H u ntingdon in 5 4 ; for H u ntingdon , 54 ; G en t leman of t he P rivy Chamber and Captain of the H orse to l- I n r v e and Constable of B erkeley Castle ; married in 1 5 1 8 - t o . co M u r f n Francis daughter and heiress of S ir Thomas y , of lf lv M a y o r . Lord of London .

H i s H i t ch i n b r o o ke eldest son , S ir H en ry Cromwell of ,

M . P . 1 6 , Kn ighted in 5 3 , married Joan , daughter of S ir Ralph

\Va r r e n 1 0 . . and died 6 3

M P . Robert Cromwell , for H u ntingdon , was h is eldest son ,

a W m rried E l izabeth , daugh ter of i ll iam Stewart (or S tuart) of W 1 1 . n E ly , and widow of ill iam Lynn , and died 6 7 H is eldest so

r 2 t h Ol iver Cromwel l , the Lord Protector , bo n the 5 April

1 5 99 at H u ntingdon , married E l izabeth B ouch ier at St Giles , B h i K o u r c er n t . F i st ea d Cripplegate , daughter of S ir James , of

E ssex .

R ichard Cromwell was the on ly son of Ol iver Cromwell , and he married Dorothy Mayor or M aj or ; they had no sons bu t

a several daughters . R ich rd Cro mwel l was better known as “ Tu mb le Down D ick . This is now the Maj or Fam ily ,

’ branches of wh ich are l iving i n B ermuda and St George s ,

Grenada .

1 1 6 1 O n the n igh t of J u ly 7 th , 5 , O l iver Cromwell , th e Lord

o P rotector , commenced to cross the Forth fr m B lackness to Port

. t Laing , near I nverkeith ing Harbou r Wi h men he su r prised two forts and captu red th e sh ipping in I nverkeith ing

Harbou r , and du ring the next few days landed the remainder of h is forces , nearly men , horse and foot .

The Royal ist Scots , u nder S ir John B rown and Colonel

I I o l o r n f b o _ , acting u nder the Generalsh ip S i r Dav id Lesl ie (a most excel lent general) gathered their forces at D unferm l ine , and

d 2 on Su n ay , the oth J u ly , met the Parl iamen tary Troops in the P i ne igh bou rhood of i t r ea v e . Each army consisted of a p p r o x i

’ mately men . Cromwell s foot were concealed from the a C dvancing Scots by a h il l lose to P in kerton B u rn , probabl y at a point C lose to where the I nverkeith ing-D u nferm l ine railway 4 5

P i t r ea v i e n a now ru ns , facing house , havi g probably appro ch ed

- b y the lane wh ich crosses the railway near th e B rick kil ns . The

E ngl ish horse first advanced and then retired , draw ing the f Royal ist horse , and when th ey had retired su ficiently to rest on th eir own concealed infantry they tu rn ed to charge , the resu lts be ing a severe contest between th e E n glish left an d the

Scots right . The Parl iamentarians were now hard put to it , but

’ w B r a mst o n e s ere rel ieved by Captain D ragoons , who pou red in

f . t an e fective fire The Sco s horse were beaten , and th eir infan try w t h e P i t r ea v i e ere driven back to walls of house , where S ir

o Hen ry Wardlaw and h is followers th rew down st nes upon them . I t is said 5 00 M a cL ea n s (H igh landers) fel l to a man fighting with

’ P i r a v i t heir backs to the walls of t e e h o use . O l iver Cromwel l s report to the Commons states that the heat o f the (first part o f) a u ction on ly lasted a quarter of an ho r , and he uses the expres

3 ,

. sa t h e sion , it was an u nspeakable mercy Other reports y ” o battlefield was l ike u nt a h airst field of stooks of corpses , and that P in kerton B u rn ran red with blo o d for th ree days .

600 The Scots lost between and slain , and to

n . taken priso ers , including General S ir Joh n B rown

n Holborn was accused of treachery . M aj or Ge eral and Colonels Overton and Lambert seem to have led the Parl iamentary

n E gl ish force , an d th e figh t appears to have occupied th e whole

m . of the afternoon between 3 p and su nset , as far as can be j udged from th e con flicting reports existing . h The Royal ist force was beaten and fled , w ile the E ngl ish troops i nvested D u nferm l ine and awaited reinforcements .

Th e E ngl ish were b illeted in D u nferm l ine , 3oth September 1 65 1 E ngl ish horse and fo ot were expected there 1 8 th October 1 65 3 ; a detach ment of E ngl ish troo ps were q uartered there i n

’ 1 May 65 5 . The Palace and t h e O u een s h o use were occup ied by

1 6 6 I t I S d n 1 0 0 E ngl ish soldiers in 5 , and recor ed that E gl ish t ps w ere stil l i n D u nferml ine in 1 659 . There does not seem to be

P i r a v i the sl igh test doubt abou t the resu lt of th is Battl e of t e e .

’ I t assu red Ol iver Cromwel l s Lord P ro tectorship bei n g well e stabl ish ed So uth of th e Forth . 4 6

Th e Port of B u rn t isl a nd w a s b ese i g ed by Ol iver Cromwell o r d P t . b u t n o t I ro tec or he d id succeed in reducing it ; on ly af t e r

he had p rom ised to pave the streets did it capitu late . Ol iver

L r o m w e ll. \Ve lshma n l ike all good , kept h is word , and rendered

t h is hab itat ion a fi ne clean town .

P i t r ea v i e i The Hosp tal , marked on the local maps near P it

wa s reavie House , inst ituted by S ir H en ry VVa r d law for the

a n d residence support of fou r poor widows .

VAR I OUS H ISTO R I CA L NOTES .

I n the y ear 1 1 5 5 a charter was granted by the King to the o f C r es Abbot of D u nferml ine , wherein Heads p e i s (probabl y a

corruption of crassi pisces , th ick fishes) except the Tongues ,

e wh ich were evidently considered a del icacy , and res rved for the

’ o King s table , were to become the property of the Abb t of th e

h - M onastery . These fish w ere probably t e B ottle n osed or

Grampus whale .

8 0 n A large whale , feet lo g , stranded near L imekil ns i n the

y 1 6 2 u 00 ear 5 , and yielded a large amo nt of oil and 5 tons of

B . 1 68 2 e aleen (whalebone) I n 9 a whal e , 5 f et long , is reported i to have stranded n the Forth .

1 1 S e I n 8 5 a hoal of whales reached Stirl i ng , where some w re

a n d 1 8 1 caugh t and killed , i n 43 a 5 foot whale was captu red at

1 8 0 - North Queensferry . I n the month of August 5 , Bottle nosed

or Gram pus whales were i n the Forth i n considerable q uantities .

I n 1 85 7 H . M . S . Ch ieftain is reported to have tu rned her gu ns on

0 t o a whale of about 4 feet in length , wh ich eventual ly escaped o u t of the Forth . An en tire skeleton of a whale was fou nd at a heigh t of 2 2

t 0 feet a bove h igh water mark ; th e skeleton was intac , 7 feet in

w a s length . I t fou nd embedded i n th e blue silt below th e clay

i r t h r e . o n t h e A y Estate , north of Stirl ing Th is fact is taken a s a n ex a mple to prove that man y centu ries before the Roman occu pat ion the waters of th e Forth stood at a heigh t not less than

- - t w en ty si x feet h igher than th ey do to d a y . 47

Robert S tewart s igned a charter mention ing the Castle and

R o ss t h 1 6 Lands of y in 5 7 , and i n the following year Georg e Stewart (wh o married Rachael M a kg i ll) was the you ng laird of R o ssy t h against whom complain t is made for bu rying (h is father) U mq u h i ll Laird of R o ssy t h with in the Abbey at

D u nferm l in e .

o George Stewart di ed between 1 58 2 and 1 5 8 7 . H is wid w appears to have married Arch ibald Wauchope you nger of

N i d d r n y , whose name appears in the Parl iame tary Records of ’ h James VI . s reign . Vp o n the n y n t day of ye same moneth a n d z e i r of God ( 1 59 2 ) f o i r sa i d I N i n i a n e Weir messinger f o i r said past at comand as said is and la u ch f u lli e su mmo u n d w a r n i t a n d c h a i r g i t A rch ibald Va u ch o p e Z o u n g er of n u d r i e at h is dwell ing p lace of R o ssy t h e B eca u s I cou ld n o t apprehend h i m p e r so u n a li e A nd E fter I had k n o kk i t sax k n o k k i s at ye zett z a i r o f I a ffix i t ane cop ie t ha i r v p o u n of th ir Ou r S o u e r a n e lo r d i s let r ez with i n w r i t t i n To co mp ei r i n Parl iament day and place with in f ” written To the e fect &c .

o 1 8 Arch ibald Wauchope died ab ut 59 , and a year or so later the Lady of Rosyth took u nto herself a th ird husband ,

1 0 1 A ndrew Wood . I n the year 6 the following sentence of Ou tlawry is registered against h im by the P rivy Cou ncil

G r o i i n h o me Complaint by Casti n p , skipper , D utchman , a u R a s t h gainst A ndro Wod , spo se of the Lad y y , as fol lows

’ ‘ The complainer s S h ip being ly a n d at Sanct M a r g a r et i s H o i p ’ ‘ o l o sch i u o u n neir h is b ous , th e said A ndr Wod c me to h is p p

e llev i n b ef o i r Sonday last , abou t hou ris none , and wald have

' t he sa i d co mp le n a r and ane u ther sk i p p a r of ane u ther sch i p to

b : u h i lk d n i t h is ous to d y ne with h im q they did , and y and so w i t r et u r n i t a a i n e sch i i s f p with h im and g to their p p sai f . Noch t t h e les u o u n o cca si o u n co m le n a r k n a w i s n o t , p qu bat the said p , h ca r e i t a n t e said A ndro Wod , being led and with e evil spirit a s a e i r i t co m le n a r i s sch i t h r i p p , come i n the said p p , with e a n d h i m lff t u e lf e n t e r i t se abou t hou ris at evin , i n qubair he was ly a n d sle i a n d k n a w a n d n a t h i n co m p in h is bed , g , dang the said p len a r

si n d r i e e u o u n t h e mi u with h is hand is tym s p face , s si t h im a n d 4 8

h i s h a i llc u m a n v t t t lk h i s n v ch t h p . com pas and glas . brak t ame ,

a se v a n d l i nd k ist thame i n t he . said that he so u d drow n and

r t h ea i r sc h i u o u n cr a i i s t h a i r ef t e r b ek p p th e g , A nd , not being co n t e n t i t t h a i r w t h y r a v a n d . the p h im for God is cause to let thame a y w l lane and that the ald not mell with h im for fe it of cummer,

t o t a i c k i lls h e gaid cut t hei r ; and . the marineris stay ing h im to d o a n v f o r d e r mea n et m h O t t t k n f h i s skai t h . in the v e e tu ik a y e of

sc h e i t h bov is and strak an e of the marineris in the bel ly , be the

’ o u h i lk i s l a n d h i — stra ik he y de id i n thair sc p . The pu rsuer ‘ ea r i n b v a t p p g Arch ibald Douglas . h is procu r or , the defender , ” a i s h for not ppearing , to be denou nced rebel . Fu rt er com

y n 1 60 1 60 1 60 6 plain t s are made by the Priv Cou cil in 3 . 5 , , and f i n 1 60 7 a gainst A ndrew “ood . The last entry appears abou t

1 60 November 7 Complaint by Robert Du rie of that I lk , that ‘ M G i ll R o ss t h Wo d s o u s Rach el l , Lady y , and Andro , her p , rema in u n relaxed from a horn ing of 5 t h November last for not

1 600 a s 1 06 &C . pa y in g h im merks pri ncipal and £ for expenses , . ”

Sv c . — 1 2 t h . A s A . D . 660 ( 4 April) you ng laird of Ro yth again

a 1 c used trouble , as had occurred i n 5 77 , by attempting to bu ry

M . S . a relative with in the A bbey of D u nferm l ine . Old Deeds of a S l igh tly later date record that parte of the roof of au ld

R o sv t h Castl e f el in th is y ea r e and that considerable

1 6 . r e p a ir s h a d been m a d e to Rosyth Castle i n t he year 5 5

Th e Castl e was reported to be i n a r u n i n o us co n dition in 1 7 5 0 . — d 1 76 1 Th e vil l a g e of Charle st own w a s fou nde by Charles , s h a le d n f o r h i s me n e p lo y d o n t h e m , Fa rl of E l g i . m e l i ekiln t en c l ” Li mek i lls .

F ORT H B R I D GE .

i n t h e n The Railway B ridge across the Forth , shown fro tis S i r w a s o , and p iece , designed by S ir J h n Fowler

n w a s m Benjam i n Bake r , E gineers ; an d erected by S ir Will ia

w a s a . A r r o l8: C o . , Contr ctors The B ridge opened by the late