The White Horse Press Full citation: Das, Pallavi. "Hugh Cleghorn and Forest Conservancy in India." Environment and History 11, no. 1 (February 2005): 55–82. http://www.environmentandsociety.org/node/3225. Rights: All rights reserved. © The White Horse Press 2005. Except for the quotation of short passages for the purpose of criticism or review, no part of this article may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical or other means, including photocopying or recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission from the publishers. For further information please see http://www.whpress.co.uk. Hugh Cleghorn and Forest Conservancy in India PALLAVI DAS 1 Ferdinand Avenue Vaughan, Ontario L6A 2Z4, Canada Email:
[email protected] ABSTRACT This paper examines the important and pioneering role played by Dr. Hugh Cleghorn, a Scottish medical surgeon, in the implementation of forest con- servancy in colonial India. I focus on three aspects of his contribution in India, which preceded forest conservancy in Britain itself. Firstly, I deal with the social and intellectual background of Cleghorn that greatly influenced his ideas on forests. Then I discuss Cleghornʼs contribution to forest conservation in India. Here, I analyse Cleghornʼs views on the causes of deforestation in India. I then examine his ideas on forest conservancy and the importance of forests. Given the economic and political context, I also show how and to what extent he could use his ideas to influence the colonial state to implement forest conservation. I explain why it was that the colonial state accepted Cleghornʼs conservation views.